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Main IP Laws (61 texts)

Jurisdictions	Type of Text	Year of Version	Dates	Title	Subject Matter
African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI)	Main IP Laws	2015	Approval : December 14, 2015	Bangui Agreement on the Creation of an African Intellectual Property Organization, Act of December 14, 2015 (signed in Bamako, Mali)	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Competition Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Geographical Indications Industrial Designs IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Patents (Inventions) Plant Variety Protection Trade Names Trademarks Traditional Cultural Expressions Transfer of Technology Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Utility Models
Albania	Main IP Laws	2025	Status as of : July 3, 2025 Published : July 31, 2008 Adopted : July 7, 2008	Law No. 9947 dated 07.07.2008 on Industrial Property, (amended up to Law No. 53/2025 of 03.07.2025)	Industrial Designs Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Angola	Main IP Laws	1992	Promulgated : February 28, 1992 Published : February 28, 1992	Law No. 3/92 of February 28, 1992, on Industrial Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Bahrain	Main IP Laws	2006	Amended up to : June 1, 2006 Published : June 18, 2003 Issued : June 14, 2003	Law No. 7 of 2003 on Trade Secrets (as amended up to Law No. 12 of 2006)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Barbados	Main IP Laws	1988	Commenced : February 19, 2001	Protection Against Unfair Competition Act, Chapter 329A (Act 1998-20)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Belarus	Main IP Laws	2013	Entry into force : July 11, 2013 Adopted : January 5, 2013	Law of the Republic of Belarus No. 16-Z of January 5, 2013, on Commercial Secrets	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Belgium	Main IP Laws	2024	Amended up to : July 28, 2024 Entry into force : December 12, 2013 Promulgated : February 28, 2013	Code of Economic Law, updated on July 18, 2024	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Botswana	Main IP Laws	2010	Assented : April 26, 2010	Industrial Property Act, Act No. 8 of 2010	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Trademarks Trade Names Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Traditional Knowledge (TK)
Chile	Main IP Laws	2022	Amended up to : August 6, 2022 Published : August 6, 2022 Entry into force : August 6, 2006 Promulgated : June 30, 2006	Law No. 19.039 of Industrial Property, Amended up to 05 July, 2021	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Traditional Knowledge (TK)
Costa Rica	Main IP Laws	2008	Amended : November 26, 2008 Entry into force : January 18, 2000 Promulgated : January 4, 2000	Law No. 7975 on Undisclosed Information, (amended up to Law No. 8686 of November 21, 2008)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Croatia	Main IP Laws	2018	Entry into force : April 7, 2018 Promulgated : March 27, 2018 Adopted : March 23, 2018	Act on the Protection of Undisclosed Information with Market Value, NN 30/2018-605	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Cuba	Main IP Laws	2016	Signature : June 30, 2016	Decree-Law No. 337, on the Protection Against Unfair Practices Concerning Industrial Property	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Denmark	Main IP Laws	2018	Entry into force : June 9, 2018 Adopted : April 25, 2018	Trade Secrets Act, Act No. 309 of April 25, 2018	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Dominican Republic	Main IP Laws	2000	Promulgated : May 8, 2000	Law No. 20-00 on Industrial Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition
Egypt	Main IP Laws	2020	Amended up to : September 5, 2020 Entry into force : June 3, 2002 Issued : June 2, 2002 Published : June 2, 2002	Law No. 82 of 2002 on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights, amended up to Law No. 178 of 2020	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Geographical Indications Plant Variety Protection
El Salvador	Main IP Laws	2024	Promulgated : August 15, 2024 Published : August 15, 2024	Intellectual Property Law, approved by Decree No. 66	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Trademarks Trade Names Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
European Union (EU)	Main IP Laws	2016	Adopted : June 8, 2016	Directive (EU) 2016/943 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2016 on the protection of undisclosed know-how and business information (trade secrets) against their unlawful acquisition, use and disclosure, (Directive (EU) 2016/943)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Finland	Main IP Laws	2022	Amended up to : December 20, 2022 Entry into force : August 15, 2018 Signature : August 10, 2018	Trade Secrets Act, Act No. 595/2018, amended up to Act No. 1172/2022	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
France	Main IP Laws	2025	Amended up to : March 13, 2025 Adopted : July 1, 1992	Intellectual Property Code, (consolidated version as of March 13, 2025)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Genetic Resources Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body
Germany	Main IP Laws	2019	Promulgated : April 18, 2019	Act on the Protection of Trade Secrets, GeschGehG	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Guatemala	Main IP Laws	2000	Promulgated : September 18, 2000 Issued : August 31, 2000	Decree No. 57-2000, Industrial Property Law	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition
Honduras	Main IP Laws	2006	Amended : April 1, 2006 Published : February 29, 2000 Promulgated : December 30, 1999	Industrial Property Law (approved by Decree No. 12-99-E and amended by Decree No. 16-2006)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Hungary	Main IP Laws	2018	Entry into force : August 9, 2018 Adopted : July 20, 2018	Act No. LIV of 2018 on the Protection of Trade Secrets	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Indonesia	Main IP Laws	2000	Entry into force : December 20, 2000 Promulgated : December 20, 2000	Law No. 30 of 2000 on Trade Secret	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	Main IP Laws	2024	Adopted : June 12, 2024	Act on the Protection of Industrial Property 2024	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Italy	Main IP Laws	2023	Amended up to : July 24, 2023 Entry into force : March 19, 2005 Promulgated : February 10, 2005	Industrial Property Code (Legislative Decree No. 30 of February 10, 2005, as amended up to Law No. 102 of July 24, 2023)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Genetic Resources Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property Utility Models
Jordan	Main IP Laws	2000	Entry into force : May 2, 2000 Published : April 2, 2000 Adopted : February 24, 2000	Law No. 15 of 2000 on Unfair Competition and Trade Secrets	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Kyrgyzstan	Main IP Laws	2018	Status as of : August 6, 2018 Promulgated : March 30, 1998	Law No. 27 of March 30, 1998, on Commercial Secrets, amended up to Law No. 88 of August 6, 2018	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Lao People's Democratic Republic	Main IP Laws	2024	Entry into force : January 24, 2024 Promulgated : November 20, 2023	Law No. 50/NA of November 20, 2023, on Intellectual Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Traditional Cultural Expressions IP Regulatory Body Competition Transfer of Technology
Luxembourg	Main IP Laws	2019	Entry into force : July 2, 2019 Adopted : June 26, 2019	Law of June 26, 2019, on the Protection of Undisclosed Know-How and Commercial Information (Trade Secrets) against Unlawful Acquisition, Use and Disclosure	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Mexico	Main IP Laws	2020	Promulgated : July 1, 2020 Published : July 1, 2020	Federal Law on the Protection of Industrial Property	Geographical Indications Trademarks Patents (Inventions) Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Utility Models Industrial Designs
Montenegro	Main IP Laws	2022	Entry into force : January 8, 2022 Published : December 31, 2021 Adopted : December 29, 2021	Law on Protection of Trade Secret (Official Gazette of Montenegro, No. 145/2021)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Mozambique	Main IP Laws	2016	Entry into force : March 31, 2016 Published : December 31, 2015 Issued : December 22, 2015	Industrial Property Code (approved by Decree No. 47/2015 of December 31, 2015)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Netherlands (Kingdom of the)	Main IP Laws	2018	Published : October 22, 2018 Enacted : October 17, 2018	Trade Secrets Protection Act 2018, (Act of October 17, 2018, Laying Down Rules for Implementing Directive (EU) 2016/943 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 8 June 2016 on the Protection of Undisclosed Know-how and Business Information (Trade Secrets) Against their Unlawful Acquisition, Use and Disclosure)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Oman	Main IP Laws	2008	Published : May 17, 2008	Law on Industrial Property Rights (promulgated by the Royal Decree No. 67/2008)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Panama	Main IP Laws	1996	Promulgated : May 10, 1996	Law No. 35 of May 10, 1996, on Industrial Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Philippines	Main IP Laws	2015	Amended up to : March 22, 2013 Entry into force : January 1, 1998 Approval : July 6, 1997	Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines, Republic Act No. 8293 (2015 Edition)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Competition Transfer of Technology
Poland	Main IP Laws	2023	Status as of : July 13, 2023 Amended up to : April 28, 2023 Entry into force : August 22, 2001 Adopted : June 30, 2000	Act of June 30, 2000, on Industrial Property (amended up to Act of March 9, 2023)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property IP Regulatory Body Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Utility Models
Portugal	Main IP Laws	2019	Amended up to : July 28, 2021 Entry into force : July 1, 2019 Published : December 10, 2018 Promulgated : December 7, 2018	Industrial Property Code, (approved by Decree-Law No. 110/2018 of December 10, 2018, and amended by Decree-Law No. 9/2021 of January 29, 2021)	Industrial Property Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) IP Regulatory Body
Qatar	Main IP Laws	2005	Published : May 25, 2005 Issued : March 2, 2005	Law No. 5 of 2005 on Protection of Trade Secrets	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Republic of Korea	Main IP Laws	2025	Amended up to : October 1, 2025 Entry into force : January 1, 1962 Promulgated : December 30, 1961	Unfair Competition Prevention and Trade Secret Protection Act, (Unfair Competition Prevention Act, amended up to Act No. 21065 of October 1, 2025)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Russian Federation	Main IP Laws	2025	Amended up to : August 3, 2025	Civil Code (Parts One, Two, Three and Four)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Domain Names Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body Genetic Resources Industrial Property
Russian Federation	Main IP Laws	2024	Amended up to : August 8, 2024 Entry into force : August 16, 2004 Signature : July 29, 2004	Federal Law No. 98-FZ of July 29, 2004, on Trade Secrets, amended up to Federal Law No. 251-FZ of August 8, 2024	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Sao Tome and Principe	Main IP Laws	2017	Entry into force : February 9, 2017 Promulgated : January 19, 2017	Intellectual Property Code (approved by Decree-Law No. 23/2016)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition
Serbia	Main IP Laws	2021	Entry into force : June 5, 2021 Adopted : May 28, 2021 Published : May 28, 2021	Law on the Protection of Trade Secrets, Official Gazette of the Republic of Serbia No. 53/2021	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Seychelles	Main IP Laws	2015	Commenced : March 1, 2015 Published : April 28, 2014 Assented : April 25, 2014	Industrial Property Act 2014 (Act No. 7 of 2014)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Slovenia	Main IP Laws	2019	Entry into force : April 20, 2019 Published : April 5, 2019 Adopted : March 26, 2019	Trade Secrets Act (Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia No. 22/19 of April 5, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Spain	Main IP Laws	2019	Entry into force : March 13, 2019 Published : February 21, 2019 Promulgated : February 20, 2019	Law No. 1/2019 of February 20, 2019, on Trade Secrets	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Sri Lanka	Main IP Laws	2003	Published : November 14, 2003 Enacted : November 12, 2003	Intellectual Property Act, No. 36 of 2003	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Sweden	Main IP Laws	2024	Amended up to : November 8, 2024 Entry into force : July 1, 2018 Promulgated : May 25, 2018	Act on Trade Secrets (2018:558), amended up to Act (2024:884)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Syrian Arab Republic	Main IP Laws	2012	Approval : March 29, 2012	Law No. 18 of 2012 on Grant, Registration, and Publication of Patents, and the Rights Arising from the Registration	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Tajikistan	Main IP Laws	2025	Amended up to : February 11, 2025 Entry into force : June 18, 2018 Adopted : June 18, 2008	Law on Commercial Secrets, (Law No. 403 of June 18, 2008, amended up to Law No. 2151 of February 11, 2025)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Thailand	Main IP Laws	2015	Amended : February 6, 2015 Enacted : April 12, 2002	Trade Secrets Act B.E. 2545 (2002) (as amended by Trade Secrets Act (No. 2) B.E. 2558 (2015))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Uganda	Main IP Laws	2009	Commenced : June 12, 2009 Published : June 12, 2009 Assented : April 25, 2009	The Trade Secrets Protection Act, 2009 (Act No.2 of 2009)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Ukraine	Main IP Laws	2016	Consolidated : March 3, 2016 Entry into force : January 1, 1997 Adopted : June 7, 1996	Law No. 236/96-VR on Protection against Unfair Competition, consolidated version as of March 3, 2016	Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition
United Arab Emirates	Main IP Laws	2021	Published : May 31, 2021 Promulgated : May 19, 2021	Federal Law No. 11 of 2021 on the Regulation and Protection of Industrial Property Rights	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits
United Republic of Tanzania	Main IP Laws	2008	Assented : July 29, 2008	Zanzibar Industrial Property Act, 2008 (Act No. 4 of 2008)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Industrial Property Trade Names Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United States of America	Main IP Laws	2016	Amended up to : May 11, 2016 Enacted : October 11, 1996	United States Code, Title 18, Part I, Chapter 90 - Protection of Trade Secrets, (18 U.S.C. §§ 1831-1839, amended up to Public Law No. 114-153)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Vanuatu	Main IP Laws	2011	Commenced : February 8, 2011 Assented : December 29, 2000	Trade Secret Act No. 52 of 2000	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Viet Nam	Main IP Laws	2006	Entry into force : July 1, 2006 Adopted : November 29, 2005	Law No. 50/2005/QH11 of November 29, 2005, on Intellectual Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Yemen	Main IP Laws	2011	Issued : January 12, 2011	Law No. 2 of 2011 on Patents, Utility Models, Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits and Undisclosed Information	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)

Implementing Rules/Regulations (86 texts)

Jurisdictions	Type of Text	Year of Version	Dates	Title	Subject Matter
Algeria	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2005	Entry into force : August 8, 2005 Adopted : August 2, 2005	Executive Decree No. 05-275 of 26 Jumada Ethania 1426 corresponding to August 2, 2005, Laying Down the Procedures for Filing and Issuance of Patents	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body
Argentina	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2019	Entry into force : April 30, 2019 Issued : April 17, 2019	Decreto No. 274/2019 of April 17, 2019	Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Argentina	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1999	Issued : August 30, 1999 Entry into force : August 17, 1999	Resolution No. 350/99 of August 30, 1999 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Fisheries and Food (SAGPyA), approving the Manual of Procedures, Criteria and Scope for the Registration of Phytosanitary Products in the Republic of Argentina	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Austria	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1988	Entry into force : October 1, 1988 Adopted : September 12, 1988	Decree of the Federal Minister for Economic Affairs concerning the Registration of Topographies of Microelectronic Semiconductor Products and the Semiconductor Protection Register (Semiconductor Protection Decree)	Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits IP Regulatory Body Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Barbados	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2001	Adopted : February 16, 2001	Proclamation S.I. 2001, No. 20 of February 16, 2001 of the Protection Against Unfair Competition Act (Act 1998-20)	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Belarus	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2010	Issued : April 15, 2009 Entry into force : March 21, 2009	Resolution of the Committee on Science and Technology of the Republic of Belarus No. 6 of April 15, 2009, on Approval of the Instruction on the Procedure of Registration of License Agreements, Assignment Agreements of Rights to Objects of Industrial Property Law and Agreements of Comprehensive Entrepreneurial License (Franchising)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection
Bhutan	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2001		Industrial Property Rules, 2001	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1997	Entry into force : April 25, 1997 Adopted : April 25, 1997	Supreme Decree No. 24.582 of April 25, 1997 - Software Regulations	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Transfer of Technology
Canada	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2025	Amended up to : July 1, 2025 Issued : January 1, 1978	Food and Drug Regulations, (C.R.C., c. 870, amended up to July 1, 2025)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Canada	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2019	Amended up to : June 17, 2019 Issued : June 6, 2006	Pest Control Products Regulations, (SOR/2006-124, amended up to June 17, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Chile	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2020	Amended up to : August 21, 2020 Entry into force : June 25, 2011 Published : June 25, 2011 Promulgated : January 25, 2010	Decree No. 3 of January 25, 2010 Approving the Regulations for the National Control System for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use, Amended up to August 21, 2020	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
China	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2020	Entry into force : September 14, 2020 Promulgated : September 12, 2020 Adopted : August 31, 2020	Interpretation (III) of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on the Application of Laws for Criminal Cases of Intellectual Property Infringement, Interpretation No. 10 of 2020	Trademarks Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
China	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2018	Entry into force : May 1, 2019 Promulgated : March 18, 2019 Adopted : January 28, 2019	Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on the Participation of Technical Investigators in Intellectual Property Litigations, (Interpretation No. 9 of 2019)	Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Plant Variety Protection Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Competition
China	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2013	Amended up to : July 18, 2013 Entry into force : May 20, 1997 Promulgated : May 20, 1997	Regulations on Protection of Traditional Arts and Crafts, (State Council Decree No. 217, amended up to July 18, 2013)	Traditional Cultural Expressions Traditional Knowledge (TK) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
China	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2009	Promulgated : February 1, 2009	Measures for the Administration of Registration of Technology Import and Export Contracts, (Order No. 3 of 2009 of Ministry of Commerce)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
China	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2004	Entry into force : December 22, 2004 Promulgated : December 8, 2004 Adopted : November 11, 2004	Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on the Application of Laws for Criminal Cases of Intellectual Property Infringement, Interpretation No. 19 of 2004	Trademarks Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
China	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1999	Entry into force : April 8, 1999 Promulgated : April 8, 1999	Provisions on the Protection and Management of Intellectual Property in Higher Education Institutions, (Order No. 3 of 1999 of the Ministry of Education)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
China	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1998	Amended up to : December 3, 1998 Entry into force : November 23, 1995 Promulgated : November 23, 1995	Provisions on Prohibiting Infringement of Trade Secrets, (Order No. 41 of 1995 of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition
Colombia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2014	Entry into force : March 14, 2014 Issued : March 14, 2014	Decree No. 556 of March 14, 2014, on the Implementation of Law No. 1673 of 2013	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
Colombia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2012	Entry into force : April 13, 2012 Issued : April 13, 2012 Published : April 13, 2012	Decree No. 0729 of April 13, 2012, Partially Implementing Decisions 486 and 689 of the Commission of the Andean Community	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Colombia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2003	Entry into force : March 6, 2003 Published : March 6, 2003 Issued : March 5, 2003	Decree No. 502 of March 5, 2003, on the Implementation of the Andean Decision 436 of 1998 on the Registration and Control of Chemical Pesticides for Agricultural Use	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Colombia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2000	Entry into force : December 19, 2000 Published : December 19, 2000 Issued : December 13, 2000	Decree No. 2591 of December 13, 2000, Partially Implementing Decision 486 of the Andean Community Commission	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Costa Rica	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2009	Entry into force : January 1, 2009 Issued : November 28, 2008	Executive Decree No. 34927-J-COMEX-S-MAG on regulations to the Undisclosed Information Law	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Croatia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2005	Entry into force : January 27, 2005 Adopted : January 13, 2005	Regulation on Criteria for Determining the Confidentiality of an Invention and Manners to Grant Patent for such an Invention (OG No. 10/2005)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Croatia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2017	Entry into force : June 1, 2004 Adopted : June 1, 2004	Regulations on the Protection of Topographies of Semiconductor Products and Regulations supplementing the Regulations on the Protection of Topographies of Semiconductor Products (OG Nos. 72/2004, 117/2007 & 43/2017)	Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Denmark	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2019	Entry into force : October 1, 2019 Issued : September 30, 2019	Circular No. 9831 of September 30, 2019, on the Assignment of Certain Powers to the Danish Patent and Trademark Office	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body
Dominican Republic	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2000	Entry into force : August 11, 2000 Adopted : August 11, 2000	Decree No. 408-00 of August 11, 2000, on the Establishment of the Implementing Regulations of Law No. 20-00 on Industrial Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Ecuador	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2020	Entry into force : December 22, 2020 Published : December 22, 2020 Issued : November 17, 2020	Regulation on Management of Knowledge (issued by Agreement No. SENESCYT-2020-077 of the National Secretary of Higher Education, Science, Technology and Innovation)	Industrial Property Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Geographical Indications Plant Variety Protection Traditional Knowledge (TK) Genetic Resources Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) IP Regulatory Body Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Transfer of Technology
Ecuador	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1997	Entry into force : September 4, 1997 Adopted : July 8, 1997	Regulations on the Common Industrial Property Regime promulgated by Decision No. 344	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Egypt	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2003	Entry into force : August 17, 2003 Issued : August 16, 2003 Published : August 16, 2003	Prime Minister’s Decree No. 1366 of 2003, issuing Executive Regulations of Books One, Two, and Four of Law No. 82 of 2002 on the Protection of Intellectual Property Rights	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Trademarks Trade Names Geographical Indications Industrial Designs Plant Variety Protection Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge (TK)
El Salvador	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2008	Entry into force : July 4, 2008 Published : June 25, 2008 Issued : June 4, 2008	Decree No. 65 on Approval of Regulation on the Protection of Test Data for New Pharmaceuticals	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
El Salvador	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1934	Entry into force : November 24, 1934 Adopted : November 14, 1934	Regulations for the Law on the Use and Registration of Coffee and Balsam Trademarks (Executive Decree No. 789 of 14 November 1934)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Estonia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2012	Entry into force : January 13, 2012 Adopted : January 3, 2012	Regulation No. 15 of the Minister of Justice of January 3, 2012, on the Requirements for the Format and the Procedure for Filing of Registration Application Documents of the Layout-Design of Integrated Circuits	Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body
Estonia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1999	Entry into force : March 27, 1999 Adopted : March 4, 1999	Regulation of the Minister of Economic Affairs on Confirming Implementing Regulations Derived from the Layout-Design of Integrated Circuit Protection Act of 4 March 1999	Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Finland	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2010	Entry into force : December 1, 1999 Adopted : November 12, 1999	Decree No. 1030 of November 12, 1999, on the Openness of Government Activities and on Good Practice in Information Management (as amended up to Decree No. 681 of July 1, 2010)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
France	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2016	Entry into force : July 1, 2016 Issued : June 29, 2016	Decree No. 2016-884 of June 29, 2016, on the Regulatory Part of the Consumer Code	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body Other
France	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2016	Entry into force : July 1, 2016 Issued : March 14, 2016	Ordinance No. 2016-301 of March 14, 2016, on the Legislative Part of the Consumer Code	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body
France	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2010	Entry into force : December 27, 2010 Adopted : December 23, 2010	Decree No. 2010-1630 of December 23, 2010, on the Assessment and Labeling Procedure of Security Measures for the Prevention of Illegal Use of Access to Online Public Communication Services	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) IP Regulatory Body
France	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2005	Entry into force : January 1, 2006 Adopted : December 30, 2005	Decree No. 2005-1756 of December 30, 2005, Laying down the List and the Jurisdiction of Special Courts in Competition matters, Industrial property and Insolvency	Industrial Designs Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Gambia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2010	Entry into force : January 1, 2011 Issued : January 1, 2010	Industrial Property Regulations 2010	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body
Guatemala	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2002	Entry into force : March 27, 2002 Issued : March 18, 2002	Government Agreement No. 89-2002 on Issuance of Regulations under the Industrial Property Law	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Hungary	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2011	Adopted : May 16, 2008	Government Decree No. 141 of 2008 (V. 16.) on the Detailed Rules of the Procedure to Declare a Patent Application a State Secret (consolidated text as of January 1, 2011)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Ireland	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2018	Entry into force : June 9, 2018 Issued : June 8, 2018	European Union (Protection of Trade Secrets) Regulations 2018, (S.I. No. 188/2018)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Israel	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2000	Adopted : October 20, 1999 Entry into force : October 19, 1999	Commercial Torts Regulations (Remedies and Procedures), 5760-1999	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Israel	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2019	Entry into force : April 1, 1968 Adopted : March 29, 1968	Patents Regulations (Office Practice, Rules of Procedure, Documents and Fees), 5728-1968 (as amended up to January 16, 2019)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Kazakhstan	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2016	Entry into force : August 18, 2015 Issued : April 30, 2015	Order of the Minister of Justice of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 251 of April 30, 2015, on Approval of State Service Standards in the field of Industrial Property (as amended by Order of the Minister of Justice No. 613 of December 7, 2015)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Liechtenstein	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1996	Entry into force : January 1, 1978 Issued : October 19, 1977	Ordinance to the Federal Patent Act of Switzerland	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection
Lithuania	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2001	Entry into force : April 14, 2001 Adopted : April 10, 2001	Order No. 65 of the Minister of Justice Establishing the Procedure of the Granting of the Permission for Use of Lithuanian State Symbolic in Trademarks and Firm Names, adopted on 10 April 2001	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Lithuania	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2001	Entry into force : February 15, 2001 Adopted : February 12, 2001	Governmental Resolution No. 155 on the Order of Granting the Permission for Use of Lithuanian State Symbolic in Trademarks and Firm Names, adopted on 12 February 2001	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1999	Entry into force : August 15, 1999 Issued : July 31, 1999	Trade Descriptions (Assignation of the Meaning of the Expression Y2K) Order 1999	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1994	Entry into force : August 1, 1995 Issued : January 1, 1994	Trade Descriptions (Articles Made of Precious Metals) Regulations 1994	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1994	Entry into force : April 1, 1994 Issued : January 1, 1994	Trade Descriptions (Compounding of Offences) Regulations 1994	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1991	Entry into force : October 1, 1991 Issued : April 23, 1991	Trade Descriptions (Marking of Non-Pressure Kerosene Stove) Order 1991	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1987	Entry into force : January 1, 1988 Adopted : January 1, 1987	Trade Descriptions (Cheap Sale Price), Regulations of 1987	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1975	Entry into force : January 1, 1975 Issued : January 1, 1975	Trade Descriptions (Marking of Food) Order 1975	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1975	Entry into force : July 29, 1975 Issued : July 29, 1975	Trade Descriptions (Use of Expression Halal) Order 1975	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Mexico	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2014	Adopted : February 4, 1998	Regulation on Health Supplies (consolidated text published in the Official Journal of the Federation on March 14, 2014)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Morocco	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2014	Entry into force : December 4, 2014 Issued : December 1, 2014	Decree No. 2-14-652 of 8 Safar 1436 (December 1, 2014) on the Implementation of Law No. 104-12 on Free Pricing and Competition	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Morocco	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2006	Entry into force : March 2, 2006 Adopted : February 6, 2006	Joint-Order No. 206-06 of the Minister of Finance and Privatization and the Minister of Industry, Trade and Economic Renewal of February 6, 2006, laying down the Conditions for Implementation of Chapter VII relating to Border Measures of Law No. 17-97 on the Protection of Industrial Property	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Netherlands (Kingdom of the)	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2008	Adopted : February 26, 2008	Decision of the Prime Minister, Minister of General Affairs No. 3313667 of February 26, 2008 adopting the Revised General Government Terms and Conditions for Public Service Contracts 2008 (ARVODI-2008)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Transfer of Technology
Panama	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1998	Entry into force : February 20, 1998 Adopted : February 17, 1998	Executive Decree No. 7 of February 17, 1998, on the Implementation of Law No. 35 of May 10, 1996 on Industrial Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Peru	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2009	Entry into force : February 1, 2009 Adopted : January 16, 2009	Regulation on Legislative Decree No. 1072 on the Protection of Test Data and Other Undisclosed Data Relating to Pharmaceuticals (approved by Supreme Decree No. 002-2009-SA)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Philippines	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2013		Office Order No. 197, Series of 2010, Mechanics for IPO-Mediation and Settlement Period	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Philippines	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2011	Adopted : December 9, 2011	Office Order No. 208, Series of 2011, Restructuring the Arbitration and Mediation Services of the IPOPHIL	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Philippines	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2011	Adopted : April 5, 2011	Office Order No. 61, Series of 2011, Rules of Procedure for IPOPHL Arbitration Proceedings	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Philippines	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2010	Issued : August 18, 2010	Joint Administrative Order No. 02-2010: The Implementing Rules and Regulations of Republic Act No. 10055	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Genetic Resources Transfer of Technology Traditional Knowledge (TK) IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Philippines	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2005	Adopted : January 3, 2005	Administrative Order No. 2005-0001, Revised Policies and Guidelines Governing Patent and Trade Secret Rights in relation to the Registration of Pharmaceutical Products	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body
Philippines	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1998	Entry into force : October 20, 1998 Adopted : October 2, 1998	Rules and Regulations on Voluntary Licensing	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Republic of Korea	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2025	Amended up to : October 1, 2025 Entry into force : July 1, 1987 Issued : July 1, 1987	Enforcement Decree of the Unfair Competition Prevention and Trade Secret Protection Act, (Enforcement Decree of the Unfair Competition Prevention Act, amended up to Presidential Decree No. 35809 of October 1, 2025)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Republic of Moldova	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2009	Adopted : June 2, 2009	Regulation on the Access to Information Held by AGEPI, No. 63 of June 2, 2009	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Russian Federation	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2016	Entry into force : January 8, 2016 Issued : September 30, 2015	Order of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation No. 696 of September 30, 2015, on Approval of the Administrative Regulation Governing the Exercise of the State Functions of the Federal Service for Intellectual Property for the Registration of an Industrial Design and the Grant of a Patent for an Industrial Design	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
San Marino	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1999	Entry into force : July 1, 1999 Adopted : June 29, 1999	Decree No. 74 of 29 June 1999 - Regulation Implementing the Framework Law on Trademarks and Patents No. 64 of 24 June 1997	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Other Industrial Property
Saudi Arabia	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2005	Issued : May 4, 2005	Regulations for the Protection of Confidential Commercial Information (issued by the Decision of the Minister of Commerce and Industry No.(3218) dated 25/03/1426H (May 4, 2005))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
South Africa	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2015	Entry into force : May 19, 2015 Adopted : May 19, 2015	Bioprospecting, Access and Benefit-Sharing Amendments Regulations, 2015	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge (TK) Other
Sweden	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2017	Entry into force : June 30, 2009 Adopted : May 28, 2009	Regulation (2009:641) on the Access to Information and on Secrecy (as amended up to Regulation (2017:1248))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Sweden	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1996	Adopted : June 19, 1980	The Secrecy Regulation (1980:657) (as amended up to Regulation (1996:78))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Switzerland	Implementing Rules/Regulations	1999	Entry into force : January 1, 2000 Adopted : August 11, 1999	Ordinance of August 11, 1999, on Amendments to the Ordinance of October 19, 1977, on Patents for Inventions	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection
Switzerland	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2017	Entry into force : July 1, 1993 Adopted : April 26, 1993	Ordinance of April 26, 1993, on the Protection of Topographies of Semi-Conductor Products (status as of January 1, 2017)	Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Türkiye	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2010	Entry into force : April 18, 2010 Adopted : February 16, 2010	Communiqué on the Regulation of the Right of Access to the Files and Protection of Trade Secrets Communiqué No. 2010/3	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United Kingdom	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2018	Entry into force : June 9, 2018 Issued : May 15, 2018	The Trade Secrets (Enforcement, etc.) Regulations 2018 (S.I. 2018/597)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Uzbekistan	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2012	Entry into force : June 28, 2012 Adopted : June 18, 2012	Decision of the State Committee for State Property Management of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 2371 of June 18, 2012, on Approval of National Standards for Property Valuation No. 13 'Valuation of Intellectual Property'	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Industrial Property
Uzbekistan	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2005	Adopted : April 6, 2005	Rules on Records of Databases in the State Register	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Viet Nam	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2015	Entry into force : August 11, 2015 Issued : June 26, 2015	Circular No. 11/2015/TT-BKHCN of June 26, 2015, Detailing and Guiding the Implementation of a Number of Articles of Decree No. 99/2013/ND-CP of August 29, 2013, of the Government on Sanctioning of Administrative Violations in the field of Industrial Property	Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Utility Models Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition Domain Names Industrial Designs
Viet Nam	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2006	Entry into force : October 21, 2006 Issued : September 22, 2006	Decree No. 103/2006/ND-CP of September 22, 2006, Detailing and Guiding the Implementation of a Number of Articles of the Law on Intellectual Property regarding Industrial Property	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Viet Nam	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2006	Entry into force : October 21, 2006 Issued : September 22, 2006	Decree No. 105/2006/ND-CP of September 22, 2006, Detailing and Guiding the Implementation of a Number of Articles of the Law on Intellectual Property on Protection of Intellectual Property Rights and on State Management of Intellectual Property	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Industrial Property Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Trademarks Patents (Inventions) Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Plant Variety Protection Utility Models Trade Names Geographical Indications
Viet Nam	Implementing Rules/Regulations	2006	Issued : September 30, 2006	Regulation of September 30, 2006, on Data Security of Drug Registration Records	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)

IP-related Laws (110 texts)

Jurisdictions	Type of Text	Year of Version	Dates	Title	Subject Matter
Albania	IP-related Laws	2003	Entry into force : December 1, 2003 Published : August 19, 2003 Promulgated : August 14, 2003 Adopted : July 28, 2003	Law No. 9121 of July 28, 2003, on Competition Protection	Patents (Inventions) Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Albania	IP-related Laws	2016	Entry into force : August 24, 1995 Published : August 8, 1995 Promulgated : July 31, 1995 Adopted : July 12, 1995	Labor Code the Republic of Albania (approved by Law No. 7961/1995 of July 12, 1995, and amended up to Law No. 136/2015 of December 5, 2015)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Argentina	IP-related Laws	2005	Entry into force : December 3, 2005 Adopted : October 27, 2005	Law No. 2503 of October 27, 2005, on Access to Genetic Resources and Biochemical -Province of Neuquén	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Genetic Resources Transfer of Technology Other
Argentina	IP-related Laws	1997	Entry into force : January 7, 1997 Published : December 30, 1996 Promulgated : December 20, 1996 Adopted : December 18, 1996	Law No. 24.766 of December 18, 1996, on Confidential Information	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Australia	IP-related Laws	2019	Commenced : October 1, 1974 Assented : August 24, 1974	Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (consolidated as of April 6, 2019)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Australia	IP-related Laws	2015	Adopted : April 26, 1984	Advance Australia Logo Protection Act 1984 (consolidated as of December 10, 2015)	Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Australia	IP-related Laws	2018	Adopted : August 8, 1974	Commerce (Trade Descriptions) Act 1905 (consolidated as of December 29, 2018)	Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Australia	IP-related Laws	2012	Assented : May 31, 2010	Freedom of Information Amendment (Reform) Act 2010 (consolidated as of November 29, 2012)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Genetic Resources IP Regulatory Body
Austria	IP-related Laws	2018	Promulgated : November 22, 1984	Law Against Unfair Competition of 1984, amended up to Federal Law published in the Federal Law Gazette I No. 109/2018 (BGBI. I No. 109/2018)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Bahamas	IP-related Laws	2006	Entry into force : March 19, 2007 Adopted : February 6, 2006	Standards Act, 2006 (CH.338A)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body Other
Bangladesh	IP-related Laws	2008	Issued : October 21, 2008	Right to Information Ordinance, 2008 (Ordinance No. 50 of 2008)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	IP-related Laws	1978	Entry into force : January 1, 1978 Adopted : February 25, 1977	Commercial Code (promulgated by Decree Law No. 14 379 of February 25, 1977)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Other
Burundi	IP-related Laws	2010	Entry into force : March 25, 2010 Adopted : March 25, 2010	Law No. 1/06 of March 25, 2010, on Legal Regime of Competition	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body Other
Chile	IP-related Laws	2010	Entry into force : December 1, 2010 Published : December 1, 2010 Promulgated : December 18, 2008	Decree No. 107 Establishing Mechanisms for the Protection of Data of an "Undisclosed" Nature by the Public Health Institute	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Colombia	IP-related Laws	2009	Promulgated : March 27, 1971	Commercial Code (as amended up to Law No. 1328 of July 15, 2009)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Colombia	IP-related Laws	2007	Entry into force : November 21, 2007 Adopted : November 21, 2007	Law No. 1166 of 2007 (November 21) - By which is approved the Amending Protocol to the U.S. – Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement (TPA), signed in Washington, District of Columbia on June 28, 2007 and its Side Letter of the same date	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Domain Names Genetic Resources Traditional Cultural Expressions Transfer of Technology Traditional Knowledge (TK) IP Regulatory Body Other Industrial Property
Congo	IP-related Laws	2001	Adopted : May 17, 2001	Decree No. 2001-238 of May 17, 2001, on the Protection of Industrial Property	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Industrial Property
Costa Rica	IP-related Laws	2000	Entry into force : February 2, 2000 Promulgated : January 14, 2000	Law No. 7982 on Approval of the Protocol of the Central American Agreement for the Protection of Industrial Property (Trademarks, Trade Names and Advertising Slogans or Signs)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Croatia	IP-related Laws	2014	Adopted : July 15, 2008 Entry into force : January 1, 2008	Act on Trade and Acts on Amendments to the Act on Trade (OG Nos. 87/2008, 96/2008, 116/2008, 76/2009, 114/2011, 68/2013 & 30/2014)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Cyprus	IP-related Laws	1992	Adopted : January 1, 1987	Law on Trade Descriptions of 1987 until 1992 (as amended up to Law No. 3 of 1992)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Denmark	IP-related Laws	2017	Entry into force : July 1, 2017 Adopted : May 3, 2017	Act on Marketing Practices (Act No. 426 of May 3, 2017)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Dominican Republic	IP-related Laws	2007	Adopted : January 16, 2007	Law No. 42-08 on Defense of Competition	Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Ecuador	IP-related Laws	2016	Entry into force : October 13, 2011 Adopted : October 10, 2011	Organic Law on Regulation and Control of Market Power (as amended up to December 9, 2016)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Egypt	IP-related Laws	1999	Entry into force : October 1, 1999 Adopted : May 17, 1999	Commercial Code (promulgated by Law No. 17 of 1999)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Transfer of Technology Industrial Property
El Salvador	IP-related Laws	1934	Adopted : May 29, 1934	Law on the Use and Registration of Coffee and Balsam Trademarks (Legislative Decree No. 48 of 29 May 1934)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Estonia	IP-related Laws	2016	Entry into force : March 1, 2016 Adopted : December 9, 2015	Consumer Protection Act (consolidated text of March 21, 2016)	Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Other Industrial Property
Estonia	IP-related Laws	2015	Entry into force : October 1, 2001 Adopted : June 5, 2001	Competition Act (consolidated text of January 1, 2015)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Finland	IP-related Laws	2017	Entry into force : December 1, 1999 Adopted : May 21, 1999	Act on the Openness of Government Activities (Act No. 621 of May 21, 1999, as amended up to Act No. 1400 of December 29, 2016)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Finland	IP-related Laws	2017	Entry into force : January 1, 1979 Adopted : December 22, 1978	Act on Unfair Business Practices (Act No. 1061/1978 of December 22, 1978, as amended up to Act No. 719/2016 of August 25, 2016)	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
France	IP-related Laws	2019	Entry into force : January 3, 1973	Labor Code (consolidated version as of June 1, 2019)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
France	IP-related Laws	2018	Entry into force : July 26, 2009 Adopted : July 24, 2009	Code on Cinema and Moving Images (consolidated version as of August 6, 2018)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Other Industrial Property
France	IP-related Laws	2018	Entry into force : July 1, 2016	Consumer Code (consolidated version as of October 1, 2018)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body Other
Gambia	IP-related Laws	2005	Entry into force : January 1, 2005 Adopted : December 28, 2004	Income and Sales Tax Act, 2004	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Germany	IP-related Laws	1998	Entry into force : October 10, 1909 Adopted : June 7, 1909	Act Against Unfair Competition (as amended on June 22, 1998)	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Ghana	IP-related Laws	2000	Entry into force : December 22, 2000 Adopted : December 19, 2000	Protection against Unfair Competition Act, 2000 (Act 589)	Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Ghana	IP-related Laws	1973	Entry into force : May 4, 1973 Adopted : May 2, 1973	Standards Authority Act, 1973 ( N.R.C.D.173), made on 2nd May, 1973	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Transfer of Technology Industrial Property
Greece	IP-related Laws	2009	Entry into force : June 28, 2002 Adopted : June 28, 2002	Law 3028/2002 on the Protection of Antiquities And Cultural Heritage In General	Utility Models Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Greece	IP-related Laws	1975	Entry into force : August 1, 1975 Adopted : August 1, 1975	Law No. 100/1975, Ratification of a) the Convention Establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization adopted on July 14, 1967 and b) the Revision of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works on July 24,1971 at Paris	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Domain Names Genetic Resources Traditional Cultural Expressions Transfer of Technology Traditional Knowledge (TK) Industrial Property
Guatemala	IP-related Laws	2006	Entry into force : May 30, 2006 Published : May 29, 2006 Promulgated : May 26, 2006 Adopted : May 18, 2006	Decree No. 11-2006 on the Legal Reforms for the Implementation of the Dominican Republic–Central America–United States Free Trade Agreement	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Geographical Indications Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Patents (Inventions)
Guatemala	IP-related Laws	1998	Entry into force : August 18, 1998 Adopted : April 20, 1998	Decree of 20 April 1998 ratifying the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of March 20, 1883, as last revised at Stockholm on July 14, 1967, and as amended on September 28, 1979	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Guatemala	IP-related Laws	1971	Entry into force : July 5, 1971 Adopted : May 5, 1971	Labour Code of Guatemala (adopted by Decree No. 1441 of May 5, 1971)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Guatemala	IP-related Laws	1970	Entry into force : March 30, 1970 Adopted : January 28, 1970	Commercial Code of Guatemala (adopted by Decree No. 2-70 of January 28, 1970)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Guatemala	IP-related Laws	1929	Issued : May 27, 1929	Decree No. 1587 of May 27, 1929, on Approval of the General Inter-American Convention on Protection of Marks and Trade Names, done at Washington DC, on February 20, 1929, ratified on 20 November 1929	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Guyana	IP-related Laws	2006	Published : May 7, 2006 Passed : April 10, 2006	Competition and Fair Trading Act 2006 (Act No. 11 of 2006)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology Industrial Property
Hungary	IP-related Laws	2019	Entry into force : January 1, 1997 Adopted : June 25, 1996	Act No. LVII of 1996 on the Prohibition of Unfair Market Practices and Restriction of Competition (consolidated text of January 1, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Other Industrial Property
Hungary	IP-related Laws	2018	Entry into force : January 1, 1996 Adopted : May 5, 1995	Act No. XXXII of 1995 on Patent Attorneys (consolidated text of January 1, 2018)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	IP-related Laws	2003	Entry into force : October 24, 2003 Adopted : October 17, 2003	Electronic Commerce Act 2003	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Trademarks
Israel	IP-related Laws	1999	Entry into force : October 19, 1999 Adopted : April 19, 1999	Commercial Torts Law, 5759-1999	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Israel	IP-related Laws	1981	Entry into force : August 1, 1981 Adopted : April 1, 1981	Consumer Protection Law, 5741-1981	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Italy	IP-related Laws	2007	Entry into force : October 23, 2005 Promulgated : September 6, 2005	Consumer Code (Legislative Decree No. 206 of September 6, 2005)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Jamaica	IP-related Laws	2001	Entry into force : March 9, 1993	The Fair Competition Act	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Japan	IP-related Laws	2009	Entry into force : April 1, 1987 Adopted : May 23, 1986	Act on Exceptional Provisions for the Registration of Program Works (Act No. 65 of May 23, 1986, as amended by Law No. 53 of June 19, 2009)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Kazakhstan	IP-related Laws	2020	Entry into force : January 1, 2016 Adopted : November 23, 2015	Labour Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 414-V of November 23, 2015 (as amended by Law No. 262-VI of July 3, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Kazakhstan	IP-related Laws	2020	Entry into force : January 1, 2016 Adopted : November 23, 2015	Labour Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 414-V of November 23, 2015 (as amended by Law No. 73-VI of June 15, 2017)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Kazakhstan	IP-related Laws	2020	Entry into force : January 1, 2016 Adopted : October 29, 2015	Entrepreneurial Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 375-V of October 29, 2015 (as amended up to Law No. 262-VI of July 3, 2019)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Transfer of Technology Industrial Property
Kyrgyzstan	IP-related Laws	2017	Entry into force : October 26, 2011 Adopted : July 22, 2011	Law of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 116 of July 22, 2011, on Competition (as amended up to Law No. 153 of July 28, 2017)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other Industrial Property
Kyrgyzstan	IP-related Laws	2012	Entry into force : October 20, 1999 Promulgated : October 8, 1999	Law of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 108 of October 8, 1999, on Scientific and Technical Information System (as amended up to Law No. 170 of October 10, 2012)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Latvia	IP-related Laws	2020	Amended up to : January 1, 2020 Entry into force : January 1, 2002 Adopted : October 4, 2001	Competition Law (as amended up to January 1, 2020)	Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Latvia	IP-related Laws	2018	Amended up to : January 1, 2018 Entry into force : January 1, 2002 Issued : April 13, 2000	Commercial Law (as amended up to January 1, 2018)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Luxembourg	IP-related Laws	1992	Adopted : May 14, 1992	Law of November 27, 1986, Regulating Certain Trade Practices and Penalizing Unfair Competition (as amended by the Law of May 14, 1992)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Luxembourg	IP-related Laws	1978	Entry into force : November 13, 1978 Adopted : October 31, 1978	Law of October 31, 1978, on (a) Approval of the European Patent Convention for the Common Market, signed in Luxembourg on December 15, 1975; (b) Adaptation of National Patent Legislation	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Luxembourg	IP-related Laws	1967	Entry into force : July 25, 1967 Adopted : July 8, 1967	Law of July 8, 1967, on the Disclosure and Exploitation of inventions and trade secrets concerning territorial defence or State Security	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Macao, China	IP-related Laws	2009	Entry into force : November 1, 1999 Adopted : August 2, 1999	Commercial Code (as approved by Decree-Law No. 40/99/M of August 3, 1999, and as amended up to Law No. 16/2009 of August 10, 2009, on Amendments to the Commercial Code)	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Other Industrial Property
Madagascar	IP-related Laws	2005	Adopted : July 27, 2005	Law No. 2005-020 of July 27, 2005, on Competition	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Malawi	IP-related Laws	1987	Entry into force : September 4, 1987 Adopted : August 28, 1987	Trade Descriptions Act, 1987	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Malaysia	IP-related Laws	2011	Entry into force : November 1, 2011 Published : August 18, 2011 Assented : August 5, 2011	Trade Descriptions Act 2011 (Act No. 730)	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malaysia	IP-related Laws	2006	Entry into force : March 3, 2003 Adopted : January 14, 2002	Intellectual Property Corporation of Malaysia Act 2002 (as at 1 January 2006)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Malaysia	IP-related Laws	2006	Entry into force : June 30, 1997 Adopted : June 18, 1997	Digital Signature Act 1997 (Act 562)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Mexico	IP-related Laws	2018	Entry into force : December 25, 1992 Adopted : December 24, 1992	Federal Law on Consumer Protection (consolidated text published in the Official Journal of the Federation on June 25, 2018)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Mexico	IP-related Laws	2010	Entry into force : December 25, 1992 Adopted : December 24, 1992	Federal Law on Consumer Protection (consolidated text published in the Official Journal of the Federation on August 19, 2010)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Mongolia	IP-related Laws	2010	Entry into force : July 1, 2010 Adopted : June 6, 2010	Law of Mongolia on Competition 2010	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Morocco	IP-related Laws	2014	Adopted : June 30, 2014	Law No. 104-12 on Free Pricing and Competition (promulgated by Dahir No. 1-14-116 du 2 ramadan 1435 (June 30, 2014))	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Morocco	IP-related Laws	2007	Entry into force : December 20, 2007 Adopted : November 30, 2007	Law No. 66-99 on Archives (promulgated by Dahir No. 1-07-167 of 19 Kaada 1428 (30 November 2007))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Nepal	IP-related Laws	2007	Adopted : August 26, 2007	Competition Promotion and Market Protection Act, 2063 (2007)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Norway	IP-related Laws	2015	Entry into force : June 1, 2009 Adopted : January 9, 2009	The Marketing Control Act (Act No. 2 of January 9, 2009, relating to the Control of Marketing and Contract Terms and Conditions, etc.) (consolidated version of 2015)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Panama	IP-related Laws	2007	Entry into force : October 31, 2007 Adopted : October 31, 2007	Law No. 45 of October 31, 2007, Laying down Rules on Consumer Protection, Defense of Competition and Other Provisions	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other Industrial Property
Peru	IP-related Laws	2009	Entry into force : January 15, 2009 Published : January 14, 2009 Promulgated : January 13, 2009	Law No. 29316 on the Amendment, Incorporation, and Implementation of the Miscellaneous Provisions on the Implementation of the Trade Promotion Agreement signed between Peru and United States	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Peru	IP-related Laws	2009	Entry into force : February 1, 2009 Issued : June 27, 2008	Legislative Decree No. 1072 on the Protection of Test Data and Other Undisclosed Data Relating to Pharmaceuticals	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Philippines	IP-related Laws	2015	Entry into force : August 8, 2015 Enacted : July 21, 2015	Philippine Competition Act (Republic Act No. 10667)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Poland	IP-related Laws	1993	Entry into force : December 9, 1993 Adopted : April 16, 1993	Act of April 16, 1993, on Combating Unfair Competition	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Republic of Korea	IP-related Laws	2010	Entry into force : November 1, 2002 Adopted : May 13, 2002	Fair Transactions in Franchise Business Act (Act No. 6704 of May 13, 2002, as amended up to Act No. 10168 of March 22, 2010)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
Republic of Korea	IP-related Laws	2010	Entry into force : January 25, 2013 Adopted : February 3, 2001	Act on the Investigation of Unfair International Trade Practices and Remedy Against Injury to the Industry (Act No. 6417 of February 3, 2001, as amended up to Act No. 10230 of April 5, 2010)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Republic of Korea	IP-related Laws	2013	Entry into force : January 28, 1954 Adopted : December 18, 1953	Pharmaceutical Affairs Act (Act No. 300 of December 18, 1953, as amended up to Act No. 12074 of August 13, 2013)	Patents (Inventions) Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Romania	IP-related Laws	2003	Entry into force : January 30, 1991 Adopted : January 29, 1991	Law No. 11 of January 29, 1991, on the Repression of Unfair Competition	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Russian Federation	IP-related Laws	2021	Amended up to : January 1, 2021 Entry into force : May 18, 2004 Signature : December 8, 2003	Federal Law No. 164-FZ of December 8, 2003, on the Fundamental Principles of State Regulation of Foreign Trade Activity (as amended up to Federal Law No. 446-FZ of December 22, 2020)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Saint Kitts and Nevis	IP-related Laws	2009	Revised : December 31, 2009 Amended up to : April 3, 2001 Entry into force : October 5, 2000	Telecommunications Act, 2000 (Chapter 16.05)	Other Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Saint Lucia	IP-related Laws	2000	Assented : November 22, 2000 Enacted : November 22, 2000	Telecommunications Act, 2000 (Chapter 8.11)	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Domain Names Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Senegal	IP-related Laws	2008	Entry into force : January 15, 2008 Adopted : November 30, 2007	Law No. 2008-10 on the Orientation Law on the Information Society	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Transfer of Technology
Slovenia	IP-related Laws	2023	Amended up to : July 25, 2023 Entry into force : May 4, 2006 Published : April 19, 2006 Adopted : April 4, 2006	Companies Act, Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia, No. 42/06 of April 19, 2006, amended up to July 25, 2023	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition
Spain	IP-related Laws	2019	Amended up to : March 13, 2019 Entry into force : January 31, 1991 Published : January 11, 1991 Promulgated : January 10, 1991	Law No. 3/1991 of January 10, 1991, on Unfair Competition (as amended up to Law No. 1/2019 of February 20, 2019)	Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Sweden	IP-related Laws	2017	Entry into force : June 30, 2009 Adopted : May 20, 2009	Public Access and Secrecy Act (2009:400) (as amended up to Act (2017:1313))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Switzerland	IP-related Laws	2011	Entry into force : April 1, 2012 Adopted : June 17, 2011	Federal Act of June 17, 2011, on Amendments to the Federal Act of December 19, 1986, on Unfair Competition	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Switzerland	IP-related Laws	1995	Entry into force : November 1, 1995 Adopted : March 24, 1995	Federal Act of March 24, 1995, on Amendments to Federal Act of December 19, 1986, on Unfair Competition	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Switzerland	IP-related Laws	2016	Entry into force : March 1, 1988 Adopted : December 19, 1986	Federal Act of December 19, 1986, on Unfair Competition (status as of July 1, 2016)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Thailand	IP-related Laws	1979	Adopted : April 30, 1979	Consumer Protection Act B.E. 2522 (1979)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Togo	IP-related Laws	2001	Entry into force : November 29, 2001 Adopted : November 29, 2001	Law No. 2001-013 of November 29, 2001 authorizing the Ratification of the Agreement Revising the Bangui Agreement of March 2, 1977 establishing the African Intellectual Property Organization (OAPI), signed in Bangui February 24, 1999	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Trinidad and Tobago	IP-related Laws	2000	Amended : June 15, 2000 Entry into force : August 16, 1996 Assented : August 7, 1996	Protection Against Unfair Competition Act, 1996 (Act No. 27 of August 7, 1996, as amended by Act No. 18 of 2000)	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Turkmenistan	IP-related Laws	2012	Adopted : December 19, 2000	Law on Trade Secrets, (Law No. 53-II of December 19, 2000, amended up to Law No. 297-IV of March 31, 2012)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Türkiye	IP-related Laws	2012	Entry into force : July 1, 2012 Adopted : January 13, 2011	Turkish Commercial Code (Law No. 6102 of January 13, 2011)	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other Industrial Property
Uganda	IP-related Laws	2011	Published : March 18, 2011 Assented : February 17, 2011	The Electronic Transactions Act, 2011 (Act No. 8 of 2011)	Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Trademarks Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Industrial Property Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Ukraine	IP-related Laws	2020	Promulgated : January 16, 2003	Commercial Code of Ukraine No. 436-IV of January 16, 2003 (as amended up to January 1, 2020)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Ukraine	IP-related Laws	2015	Adopted : September 14, 2006	Law of Ukraine No. 143-V of September 14, 2006, on State Regulation of Activity in the Field of Technology Transfer (as amended up to December 9, 2015)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology
Ukraine	IP-related Laws	2016	Entry into force : January 1, 2004 Adopted : January 16, 2003	Economic Code of Ukraine No. 436-IV of January 16, 2003 (as amended up to December 8, 2016)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United Kingdom	IP-related Laws	1968	Adopted : October 25, 1968	The Medicines Act 1968 (Ch. 67)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
United States of America	IP-related Laws	2023	Enacted : January 5, 2023	Protecting American Intellectual Property Act of 2022, (PAIP Act, Public Law No. 117-336)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Uruguay	IP-related Laws	1994	Adopted : December 13, 1994	Law No. 16.671 of 13 December 1994 on Approval of the Agreements reached at the Conclusion of the Uruguay Round of Multilateral Trade Negotiations, as contained in the Final Act signed at Marrakesh on April 15, 1994	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Transfer of Technology Other
Uruguay	IP-related Laws	1979	Adopted : July 19, 1979	Decree-Law No. 14.910 of 19 July 1979 Approving the Stockholm Act of 14 July 1967 amending the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of 20 March 1883; the Paris Act of 24 July 1971 of the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works of 9 September 1886; and the Convention signed in Stockholm on 14 July 1967 establishing the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Uzbekistan	IP-related Laws	2012	Entry into force : June 15, 2000 Adopted : May 25, 2000	Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No.69-II of May 25, 2000, on the Guarantees of Freedom of Entrepreneurial Activity (as amended by Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. ZRU-328 of May 2, 2012)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Uzbekistan	IP-related Laws	2006	Entry into force : January 8, 1997 Adopted : December 27, 1996	Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 355-I of December 27, 1996, on Competition and Restrictions of Monopolistic Activity in the Markets for Goods (as last amended by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. ZRU-59 of October 10, 2006)	Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Industrial Property
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	IP-related Laws	1973	Entry into force : April 4, 1973 Adopted : December 20, 1972	Articles 45 to 50 of the Law on Chattel Mortgages and Non-dispossessory Pledges	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other

Framework Laws (45 texts)

Jurisdictions	Type of Text	Year of Version	Dates	Title	Subject Matter
Albania	Framework Laws	2017	Amended up to : November 5, 2017 Entry into force : June 1, 1996 Published : May 12, 1996 Adopted : March 29, 1996	Code of Civil Procedure (approved by Law No. 8116/1996 of March 29, 1996, and amended up to Law No. 38/2017 of March 30, 2017)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Armenia	Framework Laws	2025	Amended up to : July 3, 2025 Entry into force : January 1, 1999 Adopted : May 5, 1998	Civil Code, (Law No. HO-239, amended up to July 3, 2025)	Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Plant Variety Protection Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits
Belarus	Framework Laws	2020	Adopted : December 7, 1998	Civil Code of the Republic of Belarus No. 218-Z of December 7, 1998 (as amended up to Law of the Republic of Belarus No. 135-Z of July 17, 2018)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other Industrial Property
Belgium	Framework Laws	2013	Amended up to : January 1, 2012 Entry into force : October 10, 1867 Promulgated : June 8, 1867	Penal Code of June 8, 1867 (updated January 1, 2012)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
China	Framework Laws	2021	Entry into force : January 1, 2021 Adopted : May 28, 2020	Civil Code of the People's Republic of China	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Utility Models Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Plant Variety Protection Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Croatia	Framework Laws	2015	Entry into force : August 1, 2015 Adopted : July 3, 2015	Civil Obligations Act and Acts on Amendments of Civil Obligations (OG Nos. 35/2005, 41/2008, 125/2011 and 78/2015)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Croatia	Framework Laws	2015	Entry into force : January 1, 2013 Adopted : October 21, 2011	Penal Code and Act on Amendments and Supplements to the Penal Code (OG Nos. 125/2011, 144/2012 and 56/2015)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
Denmark	Framework Laws	2019	Adopted : October 30, 1992	The Consolidate Penal Code (Consolidate Act No. 976 of September 17, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Dominican Republic	Framework Laws	2002	Entry into force : September 27, 2002 Adopted : July 2, 2002	Law No. 76-02 on Establishment of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Dominican Republic	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Egypt	Framework Laws	1949	Amended up to : August 12, 1970 Entry into force : October 15, 1949 Published : July 29, 1948 Issued : July 16, 1948	Civil Code, promulgated by Law No. 131 of 1948, amended up to Law No. 55 of 1970	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Estonia	Framework Laws	2017	Adopted : June 6, 2001	Penal Code (consolidated text of January 10, 2017)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other Industrial Property
France	Framework Laws	2019	Entry into force : December 31, 2000 Adopted : May 4, 2000	Code on Administrative Justice (consolidated version as of November 1, 2019)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
France	Framework Laws	2011	Entry into force : September 1, 1993 Adopted : December 16, 1992	Law No. 92-1336 of December 16, 1992, on the Entry into Force of the New Criminal Code and the Amendment of Certain Provisions of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Required by this Entry into Force (as amended up to July 13, 2001)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
France	Framework Laws	1993	Entry into force : September 1, 1993 Adopted : December 16, 1992	Law No. 92-1336 of December 16, 1992, on the Entry into Force of the New Criminal Code and the Amendment of Certain Provisions of Criminal Law and Criminal Procedure Required by this Entry into Force	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Georgia	Framework Laws	2000	Entry into force : January 1, 2000 Adopted : July 23, 1999	Administrative Procedures Code of Georgia	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Georgia	Framework Laws	2000	Entry into force : June 1, 2000 Adopted : July 22, 1999	Criminal Code	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Georgia	Framework Laws	2020	Entry into force : January 1, 2000 Adopted : June 25, 1999	General Administrative Code of Georgia (as amended up to Law No. 5011 of September 20, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Georgia	Framework Laws	1997	Entry into force : November 25, 1997 Adopted : June 26, 1997	Civil Code of Georgia	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Guatemala	Framework Laws	1997	Entry into force : December 18, 1997 Adopted : November 3, 1997	Law on the Executive Structure (adopted by Decree No. 114-97 of November 3, 1997)	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Kazakhstan	Framework Laws	2020	Entry into force : July 1, 1999 Adopted : July 1, 1999	Civil Code No. 409-I of July 1, 1999 (Special Part, as amended up to Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 262-VI of July 3, 2019)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Other Industrial Property
Kazakhstan	Framework Laws	2012	Entry into force : January 1, 1998 Adopted : July 16, 1997	Criminal Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 167 of July 16, 1997 (as amended up to Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 24-V of June 28, 2012)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Transfer of Technology Other Industrial Property
Kazakhstan	Framework Laws	2020	Entry into force : March 1, 1995 Adopted : December 27, 1994	Civil Code No. 268-XIII of December 27, 1994 (General Part, as amended up to Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 262-VI of July 3, 2019)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Industrial Property
Kyrgyzstan	Framework Laws	2018	Status as of : August 6, 2018 Promulgated : May 8, 1996	Civil Code of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 15 of May 8, 1996 (Part I, as amended up to Law No. 88 of June 6, 2018)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Kyrgyzstan	Framework Laws	2016	Entry into force : March 1, 1998 Adopted : January 5, 1998	Civil Code of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 1 of January 5, 1998 (Part II, as amended up to Law No. 133 of July 23, 2016)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other Industrial Property
Liechtenstein	Framework Laws	2011	Entry into force : January 1, 1989 Adopted : June 24, 1987	Criminal Code	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Mauritania	Framework Laws	1984	Entry into force : February 29, 1984 Adopted : July 9, 1983	Ordinance No. 83-162 of July 9, 1983, on the Establishment of the Criminal Code	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Mongolia	Framework Laws	2002	Entry into force : September 1, 2002 Adopted : January 10, 2002	Criminal Code of Mongolia	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Nicaragua	Framework Laws	2001	Entry into force : May 25, 2001 Adopted : May 18, 2000	Law Regulating Administrative Disputes Jurisdiction (Law No. 350 of 2000)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
North Macedonia	Framework Laws	1996	Entry into force : November 1, 1996 Adopted : July 23, 1996	Penal Code	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Traditional Cultural Expressions Traditional Knowledge (TK) Other
Norway	Framework Laws	2019	Adopted : May 20, 2005	Criminal Code (Act No. 28 of May 20, 2005) (consolidated version of 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Philippines	Framework Laws	1930	Entry into force : January 1, 1932 Adopted : December 8, 1930	The Revised Penal Code (Act No. 3815 of December 8, 1930)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Romania	Framework Laws	2006	Adopted : June 21, 1968	Penal Code (Extract)	Patents (Inventions) Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Saudi Arabia	Framework Laws	2011	Adopted : April 12, 2011	Penal Law on Dissemination and Disclosure of Classified Information and Documents (promulgated by Royal Decree No. M/35 of 8/5/1432H (April 12, 2011))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Slovenia	Framework Laws	2007	Adopted : September 7, 2007	Penal Code of the Republic of Slovenia (Official Gazette RS, No. 55/2208)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Spain	Framework Laws	2019	Amended up to : March 3, 2019 Entry into force : May 24, 1996 Published : November 24, 1995 Promulgated : November 23, 1995	Penal Code (Organic Law No. 10/1995 of November 23, 1995, as amended up to Organic Law No. 2/2019 of March 1, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Switzerland	Framework Laws	2021	Status as of : January 1, 2021 Entry into force : January 1, 2011 Adopted : December 19, 2008	Civil Procedure Code of December 19, 2008 (status as of January 1, 2021)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Switzerland	Framework Laws	2020	Amended up to : July 1, 2020 Status as of : July 1, 2020 Entry into force : January 1, 1942 Adopted : December 21, 1937	Swiss Criminal Code of December 21, 1937, (status as of July 1, 2020)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Syrian Arab Republic	Framework Laws	1949	Approval : May 18, 1949	Civil Code (issued by Legislative Decree No. 84/1949)	Patents (Inventions) Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Timor-Leste	Framework Laws	2009	Entry into force : June 7, 2009 Adopted : March 30, 2009	Penal Code (approved by Decree-Law No. 19/2009)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Timor-Leste	Framework Laws	2008	Entry into force : August 27, 2008 Promulgated : August 18, 2008	Decree-Law No. 32/2008 of August 27, 2008, on Administrative Procedure	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Tunisia	Framework Laws	1968	Adopted : July 24, 1968	Code of Criminal Procedure (approved by Law No. 68-23 of July 24, 1968)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Türkiye	Framework Laws	2012	Entry into force : July 1, 2012 Adopted : January 11, 2011	Turkish Code of Obligations (Law No. 6098 of January 11, 2011)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Türkiye	Framework Laws	2015	Adopted : September 26, 2004	Turkish Criminal Code (Law No. 5237 of September 26, 2004) (consolidated version of 2015)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Ukraine	Framework Laws	2020	Adopted : January 16, 2003	Civil Code of Ukraine No. 435-IV of January 16, 2003 (as amended up to January 1, 2020)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Uzbekistan	Framework Laws	2007	Entry into force : April 1, 1995 Adopted : September 22, 1994	Criminal Code of the Republic of Uzbekistan 1994 (as amended up to Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 93 of April 25, 2007)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws

National IP Strategy (6 texts)

Jurisdictions	Type of Text	Year of Version	Dates	Title	Subject Matter
Belarus	National IP Strategy	2021	Entry into force : November 28, 2021 Published : November 27, 2021 Issued : November 24, 2021	Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Republic of Belarus No. 672 of November 24, 2021, on Approval of the Strategy of the Republic of Belarus in the Intellectual Property Sphere until 2030	Industrial Property Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Trademarks Trade Names Plant Variety Protection Utility Models Industrial Designs Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Geographical Indications Transfer of Technology Patents (Inventions) Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
China	National IP Strategy	2021	Published : September 22, 2021	Outline for Building an Intellectual Property Powerhouse (2021-2035)	Industrial Property Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Plant Variety Protection Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Genetic Resources Traditional Knowledge (TK) Traditional Cultural Expressions Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Madagascar	National IP Strategy	2016	Published : January 19, 2016	National Policy and Strategy of Innovation in the field of Intellectual Property for Madagascar	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Traditional Cultural Expressions Transfer of Technology Traditional Knowledge (TK) IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Rwanda	National IP Strategy	2009	Adopted : January 1, 2009	Rwanda Intellectual Property Policy	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Industrial Designs Plant Variety Protection Traditional Cultural Expressions Traditional Knowledge (TK) Genetic Resources Utility Models Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology IP Regulatory Body Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Industrial Property
Uganda	National IP Strategy	2019	Approval : May 27, 2019	National Intellectual Property Policy, 2019	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Genetic Resources Industrial Property Traditional Knowledge (TK) Trademarks Plant Variety Protection Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Geographical Indications Industrial Designs Patents (Inventions) IP Regulatory Body Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Utility Models Transfer of Technology Traditional Cultural Expressions
Zambia	National IP Strategy	2020	Published : June 1, 2020	Revised National Intellectual Property Policy	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Genetic Resources Industrial Designs Industrial Property IP Regulatory Body Patents (Inventions) Plant Variety Protection Trademarks Traditional Cultural Expressions Traditional Knowledge (TK) Transfer of Technology Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition

Other Texts (188 texts)

Jurisdictions	Type of Text	Year of Version	Dates	Title	Subject Matter
Algeria	Other Texts	2009	Adopted : August 5, 2009	Law No. 09-04 of 14 Sha'ban 1430 corresponding to August 5, 2009, on Specific Rules on the Prevention and Fight Against Information Technologies and Communication's Crimes	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Algeria	Other Texts	1997	Adopted : April 21, 1990	Labour Code (promulgated by Law No. 90-11 of April 21, 1990, on Labor Relations and amended up to 1997)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Antigua and Barbuda	Other Texts	2007	Entry into force : January 15, 2009 Adopted : November 16, 2007	International Trust Act 2007	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Argentina	Other Texts	1999	Issued : June 25, 1999	Regulation No. 3.185/99 of the National Medicines, Food and Medical Technology Authority (ANMAT) approving the technical recommendations contained in the "Timeline for - requirements for equivalence studies in significant health-risk drugs"	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Armenia	Other Texts	2024	Amended up to : July 3, 2025 Entry into force : December 15, 2000 Adopted : November 6, 2000	Law on Protection of Economic Competition, (Law No. HO-112-N, amended up to July 3, 2025)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Australia	Other Texts	2019	Entry into force : December 10, 2010 Issued : December 9, 2010	Competition and Consumer Regulations 2010 (consolidated as of March 26, 2019)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Australia	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : October 1, 2016 Adopted : July 1, 2016	Defence Regulation 2016 (consolidated as of September 4, 2018)	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Australia	Other Texts	2007	Adopted : March 23, 2006	Statute Law Revision Act 2006 (consolidated as of March 29, 2007)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Traditional Cultural Expressions Traditional Knowledge (TK) Other
Australia	Other Texts	2005	Adopted : July 6, 2005	Statute Law Revision Act 2005	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Genetic Resources IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
Australia	Other Texts	2016	Entry into force : March 15, 1995 Adopted : March 15, 1994	Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals Act 1994 (consolidated as of July 1, 2016)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Australia	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : June 15, 1993 Adopted : December 24, 1992	Agricultural and Veterinary Chemicals (Administration) Act 1992 (consolidated as of December 29, 2018)	Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Australia	Other Texts	1984	Adopted : June 25, 1984	Statute Law (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act (No. 1) 1984	Trademarks Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Australia	Other Texts	2016	Adopted : September 20, 1976 Entry into force : September 26, 1924	Scouts' Association Act 1924 (consolidated as of October 21, 2016)	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Australia	Other Texts	2016	Entry into force : November 15, 1963 Adopted : October 10, 1963	International Organizations (Privileges and Immunities) Act 1963 (consolidated as of October 21, 2016)	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Australia	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : March 1, 1904 Adopted : October 22, 1903	Defence Act 1903 (consolidated as of December 20, 2018)	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Austria	Other Texts	2017	Promulgated : July 5, 2005	Federal Law against Cartels and other Restraints of Competition (Law on Cartels 2005, as amended up to Federal Law published in the Federal Law Gazette I No. 56/2017 (BGBl I No. 56/2017))	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Belgium	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : September 1, 1978 Promulgated : July 3, 1978	Law of July 3, 1978, on Employment Contracts (updated on September 26, 2018)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Belgium	Other Texts	1991	Entry into force : March 1, 1992 Adopted : July 14, 1991	Law of July 14, 1991, on Trade Practices and Consumer Information and Protection (consolidated as of 1994)	Geographical Indications Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	Other Texts	2013	Adopted : December 4, 2013	General Law No. 453 of December 4, 2013, on Users and Consumers Rights	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Botswana	Other Texts	2006	Entry into force : July 1, 2002 Adopted : January 1, 2001	Value Added Tax Act, 2001 (Act No. 1 of 2001) (as amended up to Act No. 15 of 2006)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other Industrial Property
Brazil	Other Texts	2008	Adopted : September 23, 2008 Entry into force : August 29, 2008	INPI Resolution No. 187/08 of September 23, 2008 (Procedures for Registration of Topographies)	Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body
Brazil	Other Texts	1994	Entry into force : December 31, 1994 Issued : December 30, 1994	Decree No. 1.355 of December 30, 1994 (Promulgation of the Final Act of the Uruguay Round)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Geographical Indications Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Industrial Property
Bulgaria	Other Texts	2017	Amended up to : August 1, 2017 Entry into force : July 1, 1991 Adopted : June 18, 1991 Promulgated : June 18, 1991	Law on the Commerce (SG No. 48/1991, as amended up to August 1, 2017)	Trade Names Other Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Canada	Other Texts	2026	Amended up to : June 2, 2025 Assented : January 1, 1985	Access to Information Act, (R.S.C., 1985, c. A-1, amended up to June 2, 2025)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Canada	Other Texts	2026	Amended up to : December 17, 2025 Issued : June 6, 2006	Pest Control Products Regulations, (SOR/2006-124, amended up to December 17, 2025)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Canada	Other Texts	2025	Amended up to : August 19, 2024 Assented : January 1, 1985	Foreign Interference and Security of Information Act, (R.S.C., 1985, c. O-5, amended up to August 19, 2024)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Canada	Other Texts	2020	Amended up to : July 1, 2020 Assented : January 1, 1985	Fertilizers Act, (R.S.C., 1985, c. F-10, amended up to July 1, 2020)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Canada	Other Texts	2019	Amended up to : January 14, 2023 Assented : December 12, 2002	Pest Control Products Act, (S.C. 2002, c. 28, amended up to January 14, 2023)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Canada	Other Texts	2015	Issued : March 20, 1986	Technical Data Control Regulations, (SOR/86-345)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Chile	Other Texts	2019	Entry into force : December 31, 1974 Promulgated : December 27, 1974	Tax Code (promulgated by Decree-Law No. 830) (as amended up to Law No. 21130 of January 12, 2019)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Chile	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : January 16, 2003 Adopted : July 31, 2002	Labour Code (Law No. 1, as amended up to Law No. 21122 of November 28, 2018)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Chile	Other Texts	2016	Amended up to : July 5, 2016 Entry into force : December 19, 1944 Promulgated : December 19, 1944	Code of Military Justice promulgated by Decree No. 2226 (as amended up to Law No. 20931 of July 5, 2016)	Industrial Property Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Chile	Other Texts	2016	Issued : October 18, 2004	Decree-Law No. 211/1973 on Protection of Free Competition (Consolidated Text of August 30, 2016, approved by Decree-Law No. 1)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Chile	Other Texts	2014	Entry into force : October 22, 1981 Promulgated : October 21, 1981	Securities Market Law (Law No. 18045, as amended up to Law No. 20720 of January 9, 2014)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Chile	Other Texts	1999	Entry into force : December 22, 1973 Issued : October 29, 1973	Decree-Law No. 211 of 1973 Establishing the Rules for Defense of Free Competition	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Chile	Other Texts	1995	Entry into force : March 19, 1994 Adopted : March 7, 1994	Law No. 19.301 amending Various Laws relating to Stocks Market, Mutual Fund Management, Investment Funds, Pension Funds, Insurance Companies and others	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Chile	Other Texts	1993	Entry into force : June 7, 1993 Adopted : May 28, 1993	Law No. 19.223 on Categories of Computer-Related Offenses	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Chile	Other Texts	2015	Entry into force : February 8, 1990 Adopted : January 19, 1990	Aeronautical Code (Law No. 18916, as amended up to Law No. 20831 of April 30, 2015)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
China	Other Texts	2015	Entry into force : September 1, 2015 Adopted : April 24, 2015	Advertisement Law of the People's Republic of China (as amended on September 1, 2015)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
China	Other Texts	2010	Entry into force : March 25, 2010 Adopted : March 25, 2010	Interim Regulations of March 25, 2010, on the Protection of Commercial Secrets of Central State-Owned Enterprises (promulgated by Order No. 41 of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
China	Other Texts	2008	Entry into force : January 1, 2009 Adopted : November 26, 2008	Administrative Measures for the Storage of Bacterial (Viral) Strains of Animal Pathogenic Microorganisms	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Genetic Resources
China	Other Texts	2008	Entry into force : August 1, 2008 Adopted : August 30, 2007	Anti-Monopoly Law (promulgated by Order No. 68 of August 30, 2007, of the President of the People's Republic of China)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Colombia	Other Texts	2014	Entry into force : September 6, 2014 Promulgated : March 6, 2014	Law No. 1712 of March 6, 2014, on the Creation of Law on Transparency and the Right to Access to the Public National Information and Other Provisions	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Colombia	Other Texts	2012	Adopted : April 13, 2012	Decree No. 0733 of April 13, 2012, Establishing the Publication of Applications of General Interest and Pharmacological Evaluation of Veterinary Drugs submitted to the National Institute for Food and Drug Control INVIMA	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Colombia	Other Texts	2007	Entry into force : July 4, 2007 Adopted : July 4, 2007	Law No. 1143 of 2007 (July 4) - By means of which is approved the 'U.S. – Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement (TPA)', its 'Side letters', and its 'Understandings', signed in Washington on November 22, 2006	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Domain Names Genetic Resources Traditional Cultural Expressions Transfer of Technology Traditional Knowledge (TK) IP Regulatory Body Other Industrial Property
Croatia	Other Texts	2013	Entry into force : June 29, 2013 Adopted : June 14, 2013	Medical Products Act	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Croatia	Other Texts	2013	Entry into force : June 29, 2013 Adopted : June 14, 2013	Medicinal Products Act (OG 76/2013)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Croatia	Other Texts	2012	Adopted : July 13, 2007 Entry into force : January 1, 2007	Data Secrecy Act and Act Amending the Data Secrecy Act (promulgated by Decrees Nos. 71-05-03/1-07-2 of July 18, 2007 and 71-05-03/1-12-2 of July 18, 2012, OG Nos. 79/07 & 86/2012)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body
Croatia	Other Texts	1996	Adopted : December 13, 1996	Data Secrecy Protection Law (OG No. 108/96)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Czech Republic	Other Texts	2017	Amended up to : September 1, 2017 Adopted : April 4, 2001	Act No. 143/2001 Coll. of April 4, 2001, on the Protection of Economic Competition and on Amendments to Certain Acts (as amended up to Act No. 262/2017 Coll.)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Denmark	Other Texts	2013	Entry into force : June 13, 2013 Adopted : June 12, 2013	Act No. 606 of June 12, 2013, on the Access to the Danish Public Administration Files	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Denmark	Other Texts	2005	Entry into force : December 17, 2005 Adopted : December 12, 2005	Order No. 1239 of December 12, 2005, on Marketing Authorization for Medicinal Products, etc.	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Dominican Republic	Other Texts	2006	Entry into force : August 18, 2006 Adopted : July 24, 2006	Law No. 340-06 on Procurement and Contracts of Goods, Services, Works and Concessions	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Dominican Republic	Other Texts	2006	Entry into force : June 1, 2006 Adopted : February 23, 2006	Decree No. 63-06 on Approval of the Regulation of Purchases and Contracts for Services, Goods, Works and Concessions	Patents (Inventions) Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Transfer of Technology
Dominican Republic	Other Texts	2005	Entry into force : September 9, 2005 Adopted : July 26, 2005	General Law No. 358-05 on the Protection of the Rights of the Consumer or User	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Dominican Republic	Other Texts	2004	Adopted : July 13, 2004	General Law No. 200-04 of July 28, 2004, on Free Access to Public Information	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
Dominican Republic	Other Texts	1998	Adopted : July 10, 1998	Decree No. 262-98 on the Establishment of the Regulation of Procurement and Contracting of Goods and Services of Public Administration	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Ecuador	Other Texts	2014	Amended up to : February 10, 2014 Entry into force : April 17, 2002 Adopted : April 17, 2002	Law on E-commerce, Electronic Signatures and Data Messages (as amended up to February 10, 2014)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Ecuador	Other Texts	2004	Entry into force : May 18, 2004	Law on Transparency and Access to Public Information	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
El Salvador	Other Texts	1994	Entry into force : March 29, 1994 Adopted : January 26, 1994	Law on the Protection of the Emblem and Name of the Red Cross (Legislative Decree No. 789 of 26 January 1994)	Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Estonia	Other Texts	2012	Entry into force : January 1, 2008 Adopted : January 25, 2007	State Secrets and Classified Information of Foreign States Act (as amended up to RT I, 22.12.2011, 2)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Estonia	Other Texts	2016	Entry into force : March 1, 2005 Adopted : December 16, 2004	Medicinal Products Act (consolidated text of May 14, 2016)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Estonia	Other Texts	2011	Entry into force : July 1, 2002 Adopted : February 20, 2002	Taxation Act (as amended up to Act RT I, 22.12.2011, 3)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Estonia	Other Texts	2016	Entry into force : January 1, 2001 Adopted : November 15, 2000	Public Information Act (consolidated text of January 16, 2016)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
Eswatini	Other Texts	2010	Adopted : January 1, 2010	Competition Commission (CC) Regulations, 2010	Patents (Inventions) Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology
Eswatini	Other Texts	2000	Entry into force : July 8, 1975 Issued : July 1, 1975	Income Tax Order, 1975	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	2018	Adopted : October 23, 2018	Regulation (EU) No. 2018/1725 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2018 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data by the Union institutions, bodies, offices and agencies and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Regulation (EC) No. 45/2001 and Decision No. 1247/2002/EC	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : May 25, 2018 Adopted : April 27, 2016	Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of natural persons with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Domain Names IP Regulatory Body Other
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	2003	Entry into force : January 24, 2003 Adopted : December 16, 2002	Council Regulation (EC) No. 1/2003 of 16 December 2002 on the implementation of the rules on competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82 of the Treaty	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	2012	Adopted : November 6, 2001	Directive 2001/83/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 on the Community code relating to medicinal products for human use	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	2001	Entry into force : March 17, 2001 Adopted : March 12, 2001	Directive 2001/18/EC of the European Parliament & of the Council of 12 March 2001 on the deliberate release into the environment of genetically modified organisms & repealing Council Directive 90/220/EEC	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	1998	Adopted : February 16, 1998	Directive No. 98/6/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 February 1998 on the protection of consumers	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	1990	Entry into force : November 30, 1990 Adopted : November 30, 1990	Decision No. 90/631 Euratom, ECSC, EEC, of November 30, 1990, amending Decision No. 89/196/EEC, Euratom, ECSC laying down detailed rules for the declassification of documents covered by professional or business secrecy	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	1990	Entry into force : March 3, 1989 Adopted : March 3, 1989	Commission Decision No. 89/196/EEC, Euratom, ECSC, of 3 March 1989 laying down detailed rules for the declassification of documents covered by professional or business secrecy, as amended by the Commission Decision No. 90/631/Euratom, ECSC, EEC, of 30 November 1990	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	1983	Adopted : February 1, 1983	Council Regulation (EEC, Euratom) No. 354/83 of 1 February 1983 concerning the opening to the public of the historical archives of the European Economic Community and the European Atomic Energy Community	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	2004	Entry into force : February 6, 1962 Adopted : February 6, 1962	Regulation No. 17 of the Council of February 6, 1962 (First Regulation Implementing Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty)	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	1999	Entry into force : February 6, 1962 Adopted : February 6, 1962	Regulation No. 17 of the Council of February 6, 1962 (First Regulation Implementing Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty)	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	1962	Entry into force : February 6, 1962 Adopted : February 6, 1962	Regulation of the Council No. 17 of February 6, 1962 (First Regulation Implementing Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty)	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
European Union (EU)	Other Texts	1957	Adopted : March 25, 1957	Articles 85 and 86 of the EEC Treaty	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Gabon	Other Texts	2000	Adopted : November 21, 1994	Law No. 3/94 of November 21, 1994, on the Establishment of the Labor Code (as amended by the Law No. 12/2000 of October 12, 2000)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Georgia	Other Texts	1999	Adopted : October 29, 1996	Law of Georgia No. 455-Ic of October 29, 1996, on State Secrets (as amended up to law No. 1276 of March 19, 1999)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Georgia	Other Texts	2018	Adopted : April 17, 1996	Law of Georgia No. 659 of April 17, 1996, on Medicines and Pharmaceutical Activities (as amended up to Law No. 3402 of September 5, 2018)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Germany	Other Texts	2013	Entry into force : January 1, 2006 Adopted : September 5, 2005	Federal Act Governing Access to Information held by the Federal Government (Freedom of Information Act, as amended by Act of August 7, 2013)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Germany	Other Texts	2000	Promulgated : June 27, 2000	Act on Distance Contracts and other Matters of the Act relating to Consumers as well as on the Conversion of Provisions to Euro	Trade Names Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Hong Kong, China	Other Texts	2007	Adopted : January 1, 2000	Broadcasting Ordinance (Chapter 562)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Hong Kong, China	Other Texts	2010	Adopted : January 1, 1995	Personal Data (Privacy) Ordinance (Chapter 486)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Ireland	Other Texts	2014	Entry into force : July 15, 2014 Enacted : July 8, 2014	Protected Disclosures Act 2014 (Act No. 14 of 2014)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Israel	Other Texts	2010	Adopted : July 21, 2010	Pharmacists Ordinance (New Version) 1981 (consolidated version of 2014)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Italy	Other Texts	2007	Entry into force : October 14, 1990 Enacted : October 10, 1990	Law No. 287 of October 10, 1990 containing Rules on Protection of Competition	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Italy	Other Texts	2003	Entry into force : September 6, 2003 Issued : July 8, 2003	Legislative Decree No. 224 of July 8, 2003 Implementation of Directive 2001/18/EC on the Deliberate Release of Genetically Modified Organisms	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Japan	Other Texts	2012	Adopted : October 21, 1947	National Public Service Act (Act No.120 of October 21, 1947 as amended up to Act No.42 of 2012)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Kazakhstan	Other Texts	2019	Adopted : January 23, 2019	Law of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 217-VI of January 21, 2019, on Amendments to Certain Laws of the Republic of Kazakhstan on Strengthening the Protection of Property Rights, Arbitration, Streamlining the Judicial Caseload, and Further Humanizing the Criminal Legislation	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Other
Kazakhstan	Other Texts	2019	Entry into force : October 10, 2009 Adopted : September 18, 2009	Code of the Republic of Kazakhstan No. 193-IV of September 18, 2009, on People's Health and Healthcare System (as amended up to Law No. 272-VI of November 25, 2019)	Patents (Inventions) Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Kyrgyzstan	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : September 2, 2018 Adopted : August 6, 2018	Law of the Kyrgyz Republic No. 88 of August 6, 2014, on Amendments to Certain Laws Concerning Counteraction to Legalization (Laundering) of Proceeds from Crime and Financing of Terrorism	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Lesotho	Other Texts	2000	Adopted : December 13, 2000	Lesotho Telecommunications Authority (Administrative, Procedural and Service Provision) Rules 2000	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other Industrial Property
Lesotho	Other Texts	1992	Entry into force : April 1, 1993	Lesotho Labour Code (Order No. 24 of 1992)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Liechtenstein	Other Texts	2005	Entry into force : March 19, 1949 Adopted : March 14, 1949	Law on the State Protection	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Malawi	Other Texts	2000	Entry into force : April 1, 2000 Adopted : January 1, 1998	Competition and Fair Trading Act	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
Malaysia	Other Texts	2006	Entry into force : October 19, 2006 Adopted : August 30, 2006	Electronic Commerce Act 2006	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Maldives	Other Texts	1999	Adopted : December 27, 1999	Guidelines on Consumer Protection on Electronic Fund Transfers	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology
Mauritius	Other Texts	2009	Entry into force : December 12, 2009 Published : December 12, 2009	Competition Commission Rules of Procedure 2009	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Mongolia	Other Texts	2002	Adopted : April 19, 2002 Entry into force : July 1, 1998	Drugs Act	Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Transfer of Technology Other
Morocco	Other Texts	1994	Entry into force : July 20, 1994 Adopted : September 10, 1993	Law No. 1-93-162 Organizing the Practice of the Profession of Attorney (promulgated by Dahir of 22 Rabi I 1414 (September 10, 1993 ))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Morocco	Other Texts	1958	Adopted : February 24, 1958	General Civil Service Regulations (promulgated by Dahir No. 1-58-008 of 4 Shaban 1377 (February 24, 1958))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Mozambique	Other Texts	2001	Entry into force : November 28, 2001 Issued : November 28, 2001	Ministerial Decree No. 176/2001 of November 28, 2001, Laying Down the Regulation on the Promotion, Production, and Commercialization of Tobacco	Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Namibia	Other Texts	2009	Entry into force : November 16, 2009 Adopted : October 28, 2009	Communications Act, 2009 (Act No. 8 of 2009)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Other
Namibia	Other Texts	2007	Entry into force : August 28, 2003 Adopted : August 13, 2003	Medicines and Related Substances Control Amendment Act, 2007 (Act No. 8 of 2007)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Namibia	Other Texts	2003	Entry into force : August 28, 2003 Adopted : August 13, 2003	Medicines and Related Substances Control Act, 2003 (Act No. 13 of 2003)	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Nauru	Other Texts	1905	Enacted : December 8, 1905	Commerce (Trade Descriptions) Act 1905 (Act No. 16 of 1905)	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Trademarks Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Netherlands (Kingdom of the)	Other Texts	2007	Adopted : June 18, 2007	Regulation No. DJZ2007015959 of 18 June 2007 of the Minister of Housing, Spatial Planning and the Environment, Directorate of Legal Affairs, Legislation Department, Containing the Regulation of the Law on the Wadden Fund	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Transfer of Technology Industrial Property
Nigeria	Other Texts	1993	Adopted : August 25, 1993	Personal Income Tax (PITA) Decree No. 104 of 1993	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Norway	Other Texts	2018	Adopted : July 4, 2003	Act No. 83 of July 4, 2003, on Electronic Communications (consolidated version of 2018)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Oman	Other Texts	2020	Entry into force : January 1, 2020 Adopted : July 1, 2019	Law on Foreign Capital Investment (promulgated by Royal Decree No. 50/2019)	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Industrial Property
Peru	Other Texts	2009	Entry into force : February 1, 2009 Issued : January 16, 2009	Regulations on Article 50 of Law No. 26 842, the General Health Law (Supreme Decree No. 001-2009-SA)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Philippines	Other Texts	1991	Entry into force : June 13, 1991	Foreign Investments Act of 1991 (Republic Act No. 7042)	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology Other
Philippines	Other Texts	1990	Adopted : October 26, 1990	Toxic Substances and Hazardous and Nuclear Wastes Control Act of 1990 (Republic Act No. 6969)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Philippines	Other Texts	1987	Amended : May 22, 1987 Enacted : June 22, 1963	Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (Republic Act No. 3720, as amended by Executive Order No. 175 of 1987)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Poland	Other Texts	2023	Status as of : September 7, 2023 Entry into force : April 21, 2007 Adopted : February 16, 2007	Act of February 16, 2007, on Competition and Consumer Protection, (amended up to Act of August 16, 2023)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Qatar	Other Texts	2010	Entry into force : January 1, 2010 Adopted : November 17, 2009	Law No.21 of 2009 issuing the Income Tax Law	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Qatar	Other Texts	2002	Entry into force : October 4, 2002 Adopted : May 25, 2002	Commercial Companies Law (promulgated by Law No. 5 of 2002)	Patents (Inventions) Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Republic of Korea	Other Texts	2013	Entry into force : July 1, 1999 Adopted : February 5, 1999	Fair Labeling and Advertising Act (Act No. 5814 of February 5, 1999, as amended up to Act No. 12096 of August 13, 2013)	Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body Other
Republic of Korea	Other Texts	2014	Entry into force : April 1, 1981 Adopted : December 31, 1980	Monopoly Regulation and Fair Trade Act (Act No. 3320 of December 31, 1980, as amended up to Act No. 11937 of July 16, 2013)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Republic of Korea	Other Texts	2009	Adopted : August 28, 1957	Agrochemicals Control Act (Act No. 445 of August 28, 1957, as last amended by Act No. 9658 of May 8, 2009)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Republic of Korea	Other Texts	2008	Issued : April 7, 1978	Enforcement Decree of the Agrochemicals Control Act (Presidential Decree No. 8923 of April 7, 1978, as amended up to Presidential Decree No. 21130 of November 26, 2008)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Romania	Other Texts	2005	Entry into force : February 1, 1997 Adopted : April 10, 1996	Law No. 21 of April 10, 1996 on Competition	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Russian Federation	Other Texts	2023	Amended up to : April 1, 2023 Entry into force : January 1, 2001 Signature : August 5, 2000	Tax Code of the Russian Federation (as amended up to the Federal Law No. 36-FZ of February 23, 2023)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Industrial Property
Rwanda	Other Texts	2010	Entry into force : May 17, 2010 Adopted : May 12, 2010	Law No. 18/2010 of 12/05/2010 Relating to Electronic Messages, Electronic Signatures and Electronic Transactions	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Other Texts	2008	Entry into force : December 23, 2008	Limited Liability Companies Act, 2008 (Act No. 36 of 2008)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
San Marino	Other Texts	2006	Adopted : January 27, 2006	Law No. 19 of January 27, 2006 - Promotion of industrial research, pre-competitive development, innovation and technology transfer	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology Industrial Property
Saudi Arabia	Other Texts	2019	Entry into force : January 12, 2019 Issued : December 20, 2018	Implementing Regulations of the Labor Law and its Annexes of the Year 1440H (2005) (issued by Ministerial Decision No. 70273 dated 04/11/1440H (December 20, 2018))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Saudi Arabia	Other Texts	2005	Adopted : September 27, 2005	Labor Law (promulgated by Royal Decree No. M/51 of 23/8/1426H (September 27, 2005))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Sierra Leone	Other Texts	2013	Signature : October 31, 2013 Entry into force : October 31, 2013 Published : October 31, 2013 Passed : October 29, 2013	The Right to Access Information Act, 2013 (Act No. 2 of 2013)	Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Singapore	Other Texts	2022	Amended up to : April 1, 2022 Commenced : February 18, 1994 Assented : April 28, 1993	Control of Plants Act 1993, (2020 Revised Edition, amended up to April 1, 2022)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Singapore	Other Texts	2022	Amended up to : November 1, 2022 Commenced : May 3, 1993	Medicines Act 1975, (2020 Revised Edition, amended up to November 1, 2022)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
South Africa	Other Texts	2006	Entry into force : April 18, 2006 Adopted : April 18, 2006	Electronic Communications Act 2005 (Act No. 36 of 2005)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
South Africa	Other Texts	2002	Adopted : December 30, 2002	International Trade Administration Act 2002 (Act No.71 of 2002)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
South Africa	Other Texts	2000	Entry into force : May 11, 2000 Adopted : May 1, 2000	Independent Communications Authority of South Africa Act 2000 (Act No. 13 of 2000, as amended up to Independent Communications Authority of South Africa Amendment Act 2006)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) IP Regulatory Body Other
South Africa	Other Texts	2000	Entry into force : March 9, 2001 Adopted : February 2, 2000	Promotion of Access to Information Act 2000 (Act No. 2 of 2000)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
South Africa	Other Texts	2004	Entry into force : November 11, 1996 Adopted : November 29, 1995	Labor Relations Act 1995 (Act No. 66 of 1995, as amended up to Prevention and Combating of Corrupt Activities Act 2004)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
South Africa	Other Texts	1993	Entry into force : July 1, 1990 Adopted : May 17, 1989	Liquor Products Act 1989 (Act No. 60 of 1989, as amended by Liquor Products Amendment Act 1993)	Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body
Sweden	Other Texts	2017	Entry into force : November 1, 2008 Adopted : June 18, 2008	Competition Act (2008:579) (as amended up to Act (2017:986))	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Sweden	Other Texts	2017	Entry into force : October 24, 1998 Issued : September 3, 1998	Personal Data Ordinance (1998:1191) (as amended up to Ordinance (2017:1049))	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Sweden	Other Texts	2010	Entry into force : October 24, 1998 Adopted : April 29, 1998	Personal Records Act (1998:204)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Switzerland	Other Texts	2021	Entry into force : January 1, 2021 Adopted : June 21, 2019	Federal Law of June 21, 2019, on Public Markets	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Competition
Switzerland	Other Texts	2014	Entry into force : September 1, 2014 Adopted : June 6, 2014	Ordinance of June 6, 2014, on the Time-Limits of Order Periods in the field of the Federal Customs Administration	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) IP Regulatory Body Other
Switzerland	Other Texts	2020	Entry into force : July 1, 2011 Adopted : May 12, 2010	Ordinance of May 12, 2010, on the Marketing of Phytosanitary Products (status as of July 1, 2020)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Switzerland	Other Texts	2007	Entry into force : January 1, 2008 Adopted : August 22, 2007	Ordinance of August 22, 2007, on the Formal Update of Federal Law	IP Regulatory Body Other Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Switzerland	Other Texts	2008	Entry into force : January 1, 2008 Adopted : December 16, 2005	Federal Act of December 16, 2005 (Act on Limited Liability Companies and Amendments to the Act on Companies limited by Shares, Cooperatives, the Commercial Register and Business Names) on Amendment to the Code of Obligations and other Laws	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
Switzerland	Other Texts	2018	Entry into force : January 1, 2004 Adopted : March 21, 2003	Federal Act of March 21, 2003, on Non-Human Gene Technology (status as of January 1, 2018)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Switzerland	Other Texts	2022	Status as of : January 1, 2022 Entry into force : January 1, 2002 Adopted : December 15, 2000	Federal Act of December 15, 2000, on Medicinal Products and Medical Devices (status as of January 1, 2022)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Switzerland	Other Texts	2018	Status as of : January 1, 2018 Entry into force : January 1, 2001 Adopted : March 24, 2000	Federal Act of March 24, 2000, on the Personnel of the Confederation (status as of January 1, 2018)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Switzerland	Other Texts	2009	Entry into force : July 1, 1999 Adopted : May 26, 1999	Ordinance of May 26, 1999, on the Production and Placing on the Market of Feedstuffs (status as of July 1, 2009)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Switzerland	Other Texts	2019	Entry into force : January 1, 1998 Adopted : April 30, 1997	Federal Act of April 30, 1997, on Telecommunications (status as of March 1, 2018)	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws IP Regulatory Body Other
Syrian Arab Republic	Other Texts	2010	Promulgated : April 12, 2010 Adopted : March 25, 2010	Law No. 17/2010 on Labour	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Tajikistan	Other Texts	2025	Amended up to : May 14, 2025 Entry into force : July 19, 2022 Adopted : July 19, 2022	Law on Medicines, Medical Devices, and Pharmaceutical Activities, (Law No. 1893 of July 19, 2022, amended up to Law No. 2181 of May 14, 2025)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Thailand	Other Texts	2005	Entry into force : October 30, 1926 Enacted : July 30, 1926	Customs Act B.E. 2469 (1926)(consolidated as of 2005)	Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
Timor-Leste	Other Texts	2008	Entry into force : July 1, 2008 Adopted : June 25, 2008	Taxes and Duties Act (Law No. 8/2008 of June 30, 2008)	Patents (Inventions) Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other Industrial Property
Türkiye	Other Texts	2011	Adopted : January 19, 2005	Regulation on Authorization of Pharmaceutical Products for Human Use	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Türkiye	Other Texts	2011	Entry into force : July 23, 1965 Adopted : July 14, 1965	Law No. 657 of July 14, 1965 on Civil Servants	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Ukraine	Other Texts	2014	Entry into force : July 23, 1993 Adopted : June 23, 1993	Law of Ukraine No. 3322-XII of June 25, 1993, on Scientific and Technical Information (as amended up April 19, 2014)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
United Kingdom	Other Texts	1998	Enacted : July 16, 1998	The Data Protection Act 1998	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
United Kingdom	Other Texts	1986	Adopted : August 29, 1986	The Control of Pesticides Regulations 1986	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
United States of America	Other Texts	2024	Amended up to : September 26, 2024 Enacted : June 25, 1938	Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, (21 U.S.C. §§ 301-399i, amended up to Public Law No. 118–83)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United States of America	Other Texts	2016	Adopted : December 18, 2015	Consolidated Appropriation Act, 2016 (Public Law No. 114–113)	Patents (Inventions) Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) IP Regulatory Body Other
United States of America	Other Texts	2015	Adopted : November 1, 2015	Manual of Patent Examining Procedure (Ninth Edition, Revision 07.2015, Revised in November 2015)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Genetic Resources IP Regulatory Body Industrial Property
United States of America	Other Texts	2015	Amended up to : September 30, 2018	U.S. Code, Title 5, Chapter 31 - Authority for Employment, §§ 3101 - 3161	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United States of America	Other Texts	2011	Adopted : October 12, 2011	United States– Panama Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act (Public Law 112-43, 125 Stat. 497)	Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) Other
United States of America	Other Texts	2011	Adopted : October 12, 2011	United States–Colombia Trade Promotion Agreement Implementation Act	Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)
United States of America	Other Texts	2010	Adopted : January 1, 2010	Table of State Laws Governing Protection of Undisclosed Information and Listing of State Adoptions of the Uniform Trade Secrets Act	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United States of America	Other Texts	2009	Adopted : January 5, 2009 Entry into force : January 1, 1986	Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986, 18 U.S.C. § 1030	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
United States of America	Other Texts	2009	Adopted : January 5, 2009	Federal Alcohol Administration Act, 27 U.S.C. § 205	Trademarks Geographical Indications Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws
United States of America	Other Texts	2009	Adopted : January 5, 2009 Entry into force : June 25, 1948	National Stolen Property Act of 1948, 18 U.S.C. § 2314	Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United States of America	Other Texts	1995	Adopted : April 6, 1995	Antitrust Guidelines for the Licensing of Intellectual Property (@ U.S. Department of Justice and the Federal Trade Commission 1995)	Patents (Inventions) Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Transfer of Technology
United States of America	Other Texts	1995	Adopted : January 1, 1995	Restatement (Third) of Unfair Competition, Chapter 4, Appropriation of Trade Values, Topic 2. Trade Secrets (Sections 39-40) © 1995 by The American Law Institute. Reproduced with permission. All rights reserved.	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United States of America	Other Texts	1985	Adopted : August 9, 1985	Uniform Trade Secrets Act, model law, as amended in 1985 (© The National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws 1985)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
United States of America	Other Texts	2015	Adopted : January 1, 1974	Trade Act of 1974, 19. U.S. C. §§ 2101 - 2497b	Patents (Inventions) Trademarks Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Enforcement of IP and Related Laws Other
United States of America	Other Texts	1939	Adopted : May 13, 1939	Restatement (First) of Torts § 757 - Liability for Disclosure or Use of Another’s Trade Secret—General Principle (© American Law Institute 1939-2010)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Uzbekistan	Other Texts	2006	Entry into force : January 12, 1999 Adopted : December 24, 1998	Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 719-I of December 24, 1998, on Investment Activity (as amended by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 59 of October 10, 2006)	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other Industrial Property
Uzbekistan	Other Texts	1999	Entry into force : May 20, 1998 Adopted : April 30, 1998	Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 609-I of April 30, 1998 on Foreign Investments (as amended by the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 832-I of August 20, 1999)	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights) Industrial Property
Vanuatu	Other Texts	2010	Issued : December 1, 2010	Opportunities and Challenges in the Pacific Region in Using the IP System for Economic Growth and Business Competitiveness (December 2010)	Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Copyright and Related Rights (Neighboring Rights)
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	Other Texts	1955	Adopted : December 21, 1955 Entry into force : July 26, 1955	Commercial Code of 1955	Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Trademarks Geographical Indications Trade Names Layout Designs of Integrated Circuits Competition Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Plant Variety Protection Other
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	Other Texts	1944	Adopted : October 30, 1944	Regulations on Commercial Advertising	Patents (Inventions) Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Other
Viet Nam	Other Texts	2019	Entry into force : July 1, 2019 Adopted : June 12, 2018	Law No. 23/2018/QH14 of June 12, 2018, on Competition	Competition Industrial Property Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Viet Nam	Other Texts	2014	Entry into force : September 15, 2014 Issued : July 21, 2014	Decree No. 71/2014/ND-CP of July 21, 2014, Detailing the Law on Competition on Imposition of Penalties for the Competition Law Violations	Competition Trademarks Patents (Inventions) Utility Models Industrial Designs Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Viet Nam	Other Texts	2010	Entry into force : April 15, 2010 Issued : March 1, 2010	Circular No. 05/2010/TT-BYT of March 1, 2010, on Guiding the Confidential Protection of Trial Data in Drug Registration	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Viet Nam	Other Texts	2007	Entry into force : December 11, 2007 Issued : November 19, 2007	Decree No 169/2007/ND-CP of November 19, 2007, on Mobilization of Scientific and Technological Resources for Public Security-related Work	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets) Transfer of Technology
Viet Nam	Other Texts	2006	Entry into force : October 11, 2006 Adopted : September 13, 2006	Decision No. 69/2006/QD-BNN of September 13, 2006, on the Promulgation of Regulations on Testing and Certification of Data concerning Agro-Chemical Products	Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)
Zambia	Other Texts	1994	Issued : January 1, 1931	The Registration of Business Names Regulations	Trade Names Undisclosed Information (Trade Secrets)