The Gender Gap In Global Patenting: An International Comparison Over Two Decades
WIPO Development Studies
This report examines the participation of women inventors in international patent applications from 1999 to 2020 and reveals that women were involved in the inventions behind only 23 percent of all applications, while men were involved in 96 percent. Consequently, women represent only 13 percent of all inventors listed in these filings, with an estimated contribution equivalent to only 10 percent of all PCT applications. Although women's participation in patenting has increased over time, achieving gender parity will require considerable effort. Based on current trends, if the inclusion conditions of the past five years persist, women may reach the 50 percent target for inventors around the year 2061. Women's participation in patenting varies considerably across world regions, sectors, and industries. Women inventors are predominantly concentrated in specific industries, such as biotechnology, food chemistry, and pharmaceuticals, whereas fields related to mechanical engineering have far fewer women inventors. Women inventors are more prevalent in academia (21 percent) than in the private sector (14 percent), but patent applications originating from academia represent only a small share of the total. Although the technological specialization of countries significantly alters the ranking for a few of them, for most countries, their technological specialization is not the primary factor in the gender gap in patents. The report also notes that women typically work in mostly-male teams and are more likely to work alone than in teams of women, including all-women teams or teams where they are the numerical majority. The decline in the proportion of patents from lone male inventors explains much of the positive trend in global inclusion over the last two decades. The report concludes that although women's participation in patenting is increasing, greater efforts are necessary to address the underrepresentation of women in innovation and patenting.
Publication year: 2023
Patent Landscape Report – Ilmenite
This report provides a landscape of the patent activity on the process of extracting titanium dioxide or titanium metal from ilmenite ore. In addition, a section on the industrial applications of titanium dioxide and titanium metal focuses on selected applications, such as ceramics, medical technology, electrodes for batteries, cosmetics, coatings and water treatment. This WIPO Patent Landscape Report aims to help policy and decision makers identify opportunities for ilmenite processing technologies and applications.
Publication year: 2023
WIPO IP Facts and Figures 2022
An overview of intellectual property activity based on the latest available year of complete statistics.
Publication year: 2022
World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022
This authoritative report analyzes IP activity around the globe. Drawing on 2021 filing, registration and in force statistics from national and regional IP offices, it covers patents, utility models, trademarks, industrial designs, microorganisms, plant variety protection and geographical indications. The report also draws on survey data and industry sources to give a picture of activity in the creative economy.
Publication year: 2022
Global Innovation Hotspots: A case study of São Paulo's innovation ecosystem local capabilities and global networks
WIPO Development Studies
This report presents an in-depth study of the innovation ecosystem of São Paulo (Brazil). We use georeferenced patent, scientific publication, and economic data to characterize one of the few global innovation hotspots in Latin America and the southern hemisphere. It attempts to understand what makes São Paulo different from the rest of Brazil and the Latin American region by mapping what its main potentialities and drawbacks are. The report finds that São Paulo is rich in scientific activity, but lags behind with respect to patent production. At the same time, it is a patent leader in Brazil and the region with characteristics resembling the large innovation hotspots of the world. The report also shows where São Paulo is in the global knowledge space, and how it can leverage scientific production and global networks to upgrade into more complex technological activities. The report also reviews the main innovation policies at national and subnational level, which may partially explain the São Paulo's success story.
Publication year: 2022
Global Innovation Hotspots: Singapore's innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem
WIPO Development Studies
Since its political independence in 1965, Singapore has achieved rapid economic growth and transformed itself into a major global financial, business and transport/information technology (IT) hub, with GDP per capita ranking among the highest in the world since the beginning of this decade. While the first three decades of Singapore's rapid economic growth have been based largely on a strategy to attract and leverage global multinational corporations (MNCs) to create increasingly higher value-adding economic activities, the last 25 years have witnessed an increasing shift toward promoting technological innovation and entrepreneurship, and the building of a vibrant innovation and entrepreneurship ecosystem that supports several major clusters of innovation, including medtech, smart urban mobility/infrastructure and internet/mobile e-commerce. More recently, the city-state has also been seeking to accelerate the commercialization of a wider range of deep technologies from universities and public research labs, including artificial intelligence (AI), advanced materials and fintech.
Publication year: 2022
Technology and Innovation Support Centers (TISCs) Report 2021
Accompanying local innovators on the journey from research to product
This annual report of the TISC program highlights the key trends and milestones in 2021, with a focus on how the program and TISCs in 88 countries continued to expand and develop resources and services to meet the needs of local innovators.
Publication year: 2022
Executive Summary PCT Yearly Review 2022
This executive brief identifies the key trends in the use of the WIPO-administered Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) and provides a summary of the statistics reported in the PCT Yearly Review 2022.
Publication year: 2022
Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT)
Regulations under the PCT (as in force from July 1, 2022)
The Patent Cooperation Treaty makes it possible to seek patent protection for an invention simultaneously in each of a large number of countries by filing an "international" patent application. Such an application may be filed by anyone who is a national or a resident of a Contracting State.
Publication year: 2022
Patent Cooperation Treaty Yearly Review – 2022
The International Patent System
Comprehensive facts, figures and analysis of the international patent system. Special theme: How the COVID-19 crisis affected PCT application filings
Publication year: 2022