An International Guide to
Patent Case Management for Judges

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Index

Section numbers in bold denote substantive mentions

account of the profits

Australia 2.6.7.5, 2.6.10, 2.7, 2.8

Brazil 3.7.2

calculation methods 2.7.2.2, 6.7.2

China 4.4.2, 4.4.3.4

definitions 6.7.2

Germany 5.7.4

India 6.7.2

Japan 7.3.3.3.2, 7.7.2, 7.7.2.2

Korea (Republic of) 8.7.4.2

United Kingdom 9.5.3, 9.7.2, 9.9.1, 9.9.13

see also civil remedies; damages

Administrative Council

definition 11.211.3

see also European Patent Office; European Patent Organization

Administrative Patent Judges (APJs), United States 10.2.1.3, 10.2.2.4, 10.2.3, 10.15

alternative dispute resolution 2.6.10, 3.6.7, 6.6.9, 7.6.8, 8.6.11, 9.6.17, 10.6.4

Anton Piller (“search”) orders

Australia 2.7.3

India 6.6.4, 6.7.3

United Kingdom 9.6.5

appeals

Australia 2.2.1, 2.2.2.1, 2.2.2.4, 2.3.1, 2.5.1, 2.6.4.3, 2.9

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.3.3, 11.6

Brazil 3.2.4, 3.3.1, 3.8, 3.9

China 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.2.2.3, 4.2.3, 4.3.2, 4.3.4, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.8

Germany 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.3, 5.6.1, 5.6.3.2, 5.6.3.4, 5.6.5.2, 5.6.5.4.3, 5.8, 5.9, 5.11.1.3.3

India 6.1.3, 6.1.4.1, 6.1.4.4.4, 6.2.2, 6.3.1, 6.4, 6.9

Japan 7.1.4, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5.2.7, 7.5, 7.6, 7.6.1, 7.6.4.6, 7.8

Korea (Republic of) 8.1.1, 8.2, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.4.1.2, 8.4.2.2, 8.4.2.9, 8.4.2.10, 8.6.2, 8.6.6, 8.8, 8.9.2.3, 8.9.6

United Kingdom 9.1.1.1, 9.1.1.2, 9.3.1.1, 9.3.1.2, 9.6.14, 9.6.16, 9.7.5, 9.8

United States 5.9.1.4, 10.1.1.2, 10.1.1.5, 10.2.1, 10.3.1, 10.3.2, 10.6.7.1.5, 10.6.13.6, 10.7.2.2, 10.10, 10.12.2, 10.12.3, 10.15

see also judgments; Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

arbitration

Australia 2.6.10

China 4.1.5

India 6.6.9

Korea (Republic of) 8.6.11, 8.6.11.4

see also mediators

attorneys

Brazil 3.2.2, 3.6, 3.7.2.2, 3.8

China 4.4.2.4, 4.6.4

Germany 5.3, 5.4.3.3, 5.6.3.4, 5.6.8, 5.6.9, 5.6.10, 5.7.7.3, 5.9.2.4

Japan 7.3.3.3.3, 7.6.4, 7.6.5, 7.6.8, 7.7.2

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.2.3, 8.4.2.6, 8.6

United States 10.6.6, 10.6.10, 10.6.12, 10.6.13, 10.7, 10.7.3, 10.12.2, 10.12.3

see also lawyers

Australia 2.12.10, 3.1.6, 4.1.3.5, 6.6.8.4

additional damages 2.7

Administrative Appeals Tribunal reviews 2.2.2.5

administrative patent review proceedings 2.2

allocation of judges 2.6.1, 2.6.3, 2.7

alternative procedures 2.6.3, 2.6.5.4, 2.6.10

Anton Piller (“search”) orders 2.7.3

appeals 2.2.1, 2.2.2.1, 2.2.2.4, 2.3.1, 2.5.1, 2.6.4.3, 2.9

arbitration 2.6.10

balance-of-convenience influences in granting interlocutory injunctions 2.6.4

barristers and solicitors 2.3.1.2, 2.6.1, 2.6.3, 2.7.4

Calderbank offers 2.7.4.4

case management 2.4, 2.6

case management conference (CMC) 2.6.7

certificate of contested validity 2.7.3

civil courts and judges 2.3, 2.4, 2.5.1, 2.6, 2.7, 2.9, 2.10

civil remedies 2.4.2, 2.6.2, 2.6.4, 2.6.7.5, 2.6.10, 2.7, 2.8

claim construction 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.3, 2.4, 2.5.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.7

claim forms 2.6

Commissioner of Patents 2.2.2, 2.3

common general knowledge (CGK) 2.2.2.3, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.6.7

common law 2.7.2.1

compromise offers 2.7.4.4

compulsory licenses 2.10.1

concurrent expert evidence/witnesses 2.6.7.4, 2.6.8

confidentiality issues 2.6.5.3, 2.6.9

costs/expenses 2.6.3, 2.6.7.5, 2.6.10, 2.7.4

counterclaims 2.4, 2.6, 2.7.4, 2.8.2

criminal jurisdiction 2.3.1.1

cross-examination of evidence 2.4.2, 2.6.7

damages 2.6.4, 2.6.7.5, 2.6.10, 2.7.2, 2.8

defenses 2.4, 2.6.3, 2.6.5, 2.6.6, 2.6.7

disclosures 2.5.1, 2.6.5, 2.6.9

discovery processes 2.6.5, 2.6.9, 2.6.10, 2.7.2

early case management (preparatory proceedings) 2.6.3

education/training provisions 2.3.2, 2.6.8

English law influences 2.1

evidence 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.3, 2.3.1, 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.6.3, 2.6.6.3, 2.6.7, 2.9, 6.6.8.4

expert conferences/joint-reports 2.6.7.3, 2.6.8

expert evidence/witnesses 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.3, 2.3.1, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.6.3, 2.6.7, 2.6.8, 2.7.4, 6.6.8.4

Federal Court of Australia 2.2, 2.3, 2.4.2, 2.6, 2.7, 2.9, 2.10

file wrapper rule 2.5.1.6

Full Court of the Federal Court 2.2.2.4, 2.3, 2.9

High Court of Australia 2.2.2.4, 2.3.1

hindsight issues 2.2.2.3

hot-tubbing procedures 2.4.1, 2.6.7.4

importation prohibitions 2.10

injunctions 2.4.2, 2.6.2, 2.6.4, 2.6.5, 2.6.10, 2.7.1, 2.8

innovation patents 2.1.1, 2.2.1, 2.2.2.7

innovative step 2.1.1

interlocutory injunctions 2.4.2, 2.6.2, 2.6.4, 2.6.5, 2.6.10, 2.7.4

inventive step 2.2.2.1, 2.2.2.3, 2.5.1, 2.6.3

jargon dictionary terms 2.5.1.4

judges 2.3, 2.4, 2.5.1, 2.6, 2.9

judgments 2.6.4, 2.6.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9

judicial institutions 2.2, 2.3

judicial patent proceedings 2.1.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.10

judicial reviews 2.2.2.1.3, 2.2.2.5

lost-sales damages calculation method 2.7.2.1

Mareva (“freezing/asset-protection”) injunctions 2.7.3

mediators 2.6.3, 2.6.10

National Courts Framework 2.3.1

national practice areas (NPAs) 2.3.1, 2.4, 2.6.1, 2.6.3

“no reasonable prospect of success” summary adjudications 2.6.6.2, 2.6.6.3

noninfringement declaration applications 2.8.1

nonpublication/suppression orders 2.6.9

notices to produce documents 2.6.5.4

novelty 2.2.2.1, 2.6.3, 2.6.7

obviousness and insufficiency 2.2.2.1, 2.2.2.3, 2.5.1, 2.6.7

opposition proceedings 2.2

overview of the patent system 2.1

patent applications 2.1.2, 3.1.6

patent infringements 2.2.1, 2.2.2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5, 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.4, 2.6.5, 2.6.7, 2.7, 2.8

patent institutions 2.2

patent invalidity 2.2, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5.1.3, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.6.3, 2.6.7, 2.9

patent monopolies 2.5.1

patent revocations 2.2.2.1.3, 2.2.2.4, 2.3, 2.4, 2.6.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.7, 2.7.3

“person skilled in the art” determinations 2.2.2.3.4, 2.5.1.4, 2.6.7.1

Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme 2.6.4

pleas 2.4.1, 2.5.1

position statements 2.6.7.2

post-grant determination issues 2.2.2.1, 2.6.1

practice notes 2.2.1, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.6, 2.7.3, 2.7.4

pre-grant determination issues 2.2.2.1

preaction/preliminary discovery 2.6.5.5

pretrial 2.6.3, 2.6.5.5

primers 2.6.7.2, 2.6.8

prior art 2.2.1, 2.2.2.3, 2.5.1, 2.6.3, 2.6.6.3, 2.6.7

product descriptions 2.6.7.2, 2.6.8

public interest considerations 2.10

publication/dissemination of judgments 2.6.9, 2.7.3

quia timet basis interlocutory injunctions 2.6.4.4

“reasonable license fee” damages calculation method 2.7.2.1

Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership 4.1.3.5

responding to claims 2.4, 2.6, 2.7.4

security for costs 2.7.4.3

sources of law 2.1

standard patents 2.1.1, 2.2.2

statements of case 2.4.1, 2.6.2

subpoenas to produce documents 2.6.5.4

summary adjudication 2.6.6

threats actions 2.8.2

tort law 2.7.2.1

trademark institutions 2.3.1.1

TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement 2.10

undertakings as to damages 2.6.4.3

“user principle basis” damages calculation method 2.7.2.1

utility 2.2.2.1, 2.5.1

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 2.3, 2.6.1

witnesses 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.3, 2.5.1, 2.6.7, 2.6.8, 6.6.8.4

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

Australian Patent Office 2.2, 2.4.2

barristers and solicitors

Australia 2.3.1.2, 2.6.1, 2.6.3, 2.7.4

United Kingdom 9.3.1.2, 9.6.13, 9.9.1

see also attorneys; lawyers

bifurcation (separate trials) ground rules

Brazil 3.3.3

Germany 5.2, 5.3, 5.6.5.4.2

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.1.3

United Kingdom 9.1.1.1, 9.3.2

United States 10.6.13.1, 10.6.13.5, 10.12.2.11.1

see also patent infringements; patent invalidity

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 9.1.1.3, 11.111.6

accelerated proceedings 11.6.5.2

appeals 11.3.3, 11.6

Case Law of the Boards of Appeal (2022) 11.3.2.2

case management 11.6

confidentiality issues 11.6.7

convergent approach 11.6

costs 11.6.10

decisions/judgments 11.6.9

definition 11.211.3, 11.6.1, 11.6.2, 11.6.4

early case management (preparatory proceedings) 11.6.5

early exchanges with the parties 11.6.5.3

education/training provisions 11.3.4

Enlarged Board of Appeal 11.3.1, 11.3.2.3

evidence 11.6.3, 11.6.4, 11.6.5, 11.6.6

expert evidence/witnesses 11.6.6

first and final judicial instance 11.3.2

judicial patent proceedings 11.211.6

languages used 11.6.8.3

listing of cases 11.6.5.4

oral proceedings 11.6.8, 11.6.9

patent amendments 11.4, 11.6

patent infringements 11.3.3, 11.5, 11.6.2.1, 11.6.5.2

patent invalidity 11.3.3, 11.4

professional representatives 11.6.2.3, 11.6.10

rapporteur for the preliminary study 11.6.5

responding to claims 11.6.3

statements of case 11.6.3

Technical Boards 11.2.1, 11.3.2, 11.6.2, 11.6.6

trials/hearings 11.6.8

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 11.6.2

see also European Patent Office

Bolar (Roche – Bolar) exemption

Brazil 3.11.2.2

China 4.3.4.5

Germany 5.5.3.4

India 6.1.4.4.4, 6.5.3

border measures 5.10, 7.9, 10.12

Brazil 3.13.12

1st Judicial Administrative Region 3.3.2

absolute/relative jurisdiction contrasts 3.6.1

abstract requirements 3.1.3.2, 3.2.3

administrative patent review proceedings 3.2

alternative procedures 3.6.3, 3.6.7

answers 3.6.2.2, 3.6.2.3

appeals 3.2.4, 3.3.1, 3.8, 3.9

attorneys 3.2.2, 3.6, 3.7.2.2, 3.8

bankruptcy issues 3.6.1.2, 3.12

Bolar (Roche – Bolar) exemption 3.11.2.2

burden of proof 3.5.1.1, 3.5.2, 3.6.2.2, 3.6.3, 3.9.2

calendar for the procedural acts 3.6.3

case management 3.3, 3.6, 3.6.3, 3.9, 3.12

certificates of addition 3.1.2, 3.2.3, 3.2.4

challenges to improve case management 3.12

civil courts and judges 3.1.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.12

civil remedies 3.3, 3.4, 3.5.1.1, 3.6.3, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.12

claim classifications 3.1.3.3, 3.2, 3.5

claim construction 3.1.3, 3.1.4, 3.1.6, 3.2.2, 3.2.3

claim forms 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.6.2

clarification motions 3.9.3

“cognizance” civil procedure phase 3.3, 3.6.2, 3.6.3, 3.9

complaint documents 3.6.2, 3.7.1

compulsory licenses 3.2.3.3, 3.11.1.3, 3.11.2.2

confidentiality issues 3.2.3.5, 3.2.4, 3.6.6, 3.6.7

consent/license defenses 3.5.2.1

costs/expenses 3.1.6, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.6.2, 3.7.1, 3.7.2, 3.9

counterclaims 3.6.2, 3.6.2.3, 3.9

criminal proceedings 3.3.3, 3.5.1.1, 3.5.1.2, 3.5.1.3, 3.6.3, 3.6.5, 3.10

cross-examination of evidence 3.6.5

damages 3.3.3, 3.4, 3.5.1.1, 3.7.1, 3.7.2, 3.8, 3.9

defenses 3.2.4, 3.4, 3.5.2, 3.6.1, 3.6.2.2

dependent/independent claim classifications 3.1.3.3, 3.5

direct patent infringements 3.5

disclosures 3.1.3.4, 3.2.3, 3.6.6, 3.11.2

dismissed applications 3.2.4, 3.9

divergent-decisions appeals 3.9, 3.9.7

doctrine of equivalents 3.5, 3.5.1.3, 3.5.1.4

drawings 3.1.3, 3.1.6, 3.2.3

education/training provisions 3.2.1, 3.3.4, 3.6.7

employment/self-employment relationships 3.1.5

enforcement of judgments 3.8

English law influences 3.1.1

evidence 3.1.3.4, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.3.4, 3.6, 3.6.5, 3.7.1, 3.9

examinations 3.2.4, 3.6.1, 3.6.5, 3.11.2

experimental/research privilege 3.11.2.2

expert evidence/witnesses 3.6.3, 3.6.5

extraterritorial patent infringements 3.5.1.5

federal courts 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.12

Federal Supreme Court (STF) 3.1.6, 3.3.1, 3.9, 3.9.5, 3.9.6, 3.9.7

final compliance with the decision 3.8, 3.8.2

first-sale exhaustion doctrine 3.5.2.1

first-to-file rule 3.1.4, 3.2.3

forgery 3.4

fraud 3.4

generic drugs 3.11.2

hearings 3.6.3

historical background 3.1.1

importation prohibitions 3.1.4, 3.5.1.1, 3.5.1.5

indemnity guarantees in the national defense interests 3.2.3.6

indirect patent infringements 3.5

injunctions 3.3.3, 3.7, 3.8, 3.12

Intellectual Property, Innovation, and Development Academy 3.2.1

Intellectual Property Training and Continued Education Division 3.2.1

interim injunctions 3.7.1, 3.12

interlocutory appeals 3.9.2, 3.9.4, 3.9.6

interlocutory decisions/orders 3.9

interlocutory injunctions 3.7.1

internal interlocutory appeals 3.9.4, 3.9.6

inventive step 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3.4, 3.1.3.5, 3.2.3, 3.4, 3.11.2

inventors/authors and patent ownership 3.1.4, 3.1.5, 3.5

jargon dictionary terms 3.5.1.3

joinder of actions 3.6.1.1, 3.12

Journal of Industrial Property (RPI) 3.2.3, 3.2.4

judges 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.12

“judgment satisfaction” civil procedure phase 3.3, 3.9

judgments 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.6.4, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9

judicial institutions 3.1.1, 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.9, 3.11, 3.12

judicial patent proceedings 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.4, 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.11, 3.12

languages used 3.2.2

licenses 3.2.3.3, 3.5.2.1, 3.11.1, 3.11.2.2

mediators 3.6.3, 3.6.7, 3.12

medicaments 3.3.1, 3.1.6, 3.11.2

national defense applications 3.2.3.5, 3.2.3.6

National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI) 3.1.1, 3.1.3.4, 3.1.6, 3.2, 3.3.4, 3.4, 3.6, 3.11

non-patentable inventions 3.1.3.7, 3.2.4

novelty 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3.4, 3.1.3.5, 3.2.3.1, 3.4, 3.11.2

nullity proceedings 3.1.2, 3.2.3.8, 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5.2, 3.6.1, 3.6.2, 3.6.3, 3.8.2

obviousness and insufficiency 3.1.3.5

offer of license 3.11.1.2

overview of the patent system 3.1, 3.6.1

ownership issues 3.1.4, 3.1.5, 3.5

patent amendments 3.2.3.8

patent applications 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.4, 3.1.7, 3.2.2, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.11.2

patent definition 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3

patent infringements 3.1.1, 3.1.4, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5, 3.6, 3.7

patent institutions 3.1.1, 3.1.3.4, 3.2, 3.4, 3.6.1, 3.11

patent invalidity 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.2.3.8, 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.4, 3.5.2, 3.6.1, 3.6, 3.8.2

Patent Law Treaty 3 3.4

patent monopolies 3.1.1

Patent Office 3.2, 3.11

patent revocations 3.9.1, 3.9.2, 3.11.1.3.5

patent types 3.1.2, 3.1.3

patent-granting processes 3.1.3, 3.1.6, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.11.2

“person skilled in the art” determinations 3.1.3.2, 3.1.3.5, 3.2.3

pharmaceutical products 3.3.1, 3.1.6, 3.11.2

pleading phase 3.6.3, 3.9

post-issuance amendments/corrections 3.2.3.8

pretrial 3.6.3

prior art 3.1.3.4, 3.1.3.5, 3.2.3.1, 3.2.4

prior consent by ANVISA regarding pharmaceutical patents 3.11.2

priority 3.1.3.4, 3.2.3, 3.4, 3.5.2, 3.6.3

product descriptions 3.1.3, 3.1.6, 3.2.3, 3.11.2

prohibition actions 3.3.3

provisional compliance with the decision 3.8, 3.8.1

public interest considerations 3.2.3.5, 3.2.3.6, 3.6.6, 3.11.2

publication in the RPI 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.11.1

PUSH-INPI system 3.2.4

reinstatements 3.2.4

responding to claims 3.6.2.2, 3.6.2.3

search and seizure remedies 3.7.3, 3.10

shelving circumstances 3.2.3.7

specialized IP courts 3.3.2, 3.12

specification requirements 3.1.3, 3.1.6, 3.2.3, 3.11.2

state courts 3.3, 3.4, 3.6.1

statements of case 3.6.2

Superior Court of Justice (STJ) 3.3.1, 3.4, 3.6.1, 3.9, 3.9.5, 3.9.6, 3.9.7

term restoration requests 3.2.3.7

term/expiration times 3.1.6, 3.2.3.7

testimonial evidence 3.6.5.2

time limits for proceedings 3.2.4, 3.6.2, 3.6.3, 3.6.5, 3.7, 3.9, 3.11

transgenic microorganisms 3.1.3.7

trials 3.6.3

TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement 3.1.1, 3.2.1, 3.5.1.1, 3.11.2.1

United Kingdom 3.1.1

utility model patents 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3, 3.1.6, 3.2.3, 3.5, 3.11.2

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 3.3, 3.4, 3.6

voluntary licenses 3.11.1

witnesses 3.6.5

writs of mandamus 3.3.3

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

Brazilian Health Regulatory Agency (ANVISA) 3.11.2

Brazilian Intellectual Property Association 3.11.2

Budapest Treaty on the International Recognition of the Deposit of Microorganisms for the Purposes of Patent Procedure 3.2.3, 4.1.3.5, 6.1.4

burden of proof

Brazil 3.5.1.1, 3.5.2, 3.6.2.2, 3.6.3, 3.9.2

China 4.1.1.2, 4.3.2.4, 4.3.2.5.4, 4.3.4.3, 4.5.4.2, 4.6.1.2

Germany 5.4.2.1.3, 5.5.3, 5.6.6

India 6.1.4.4.4, 6.6.1, 6.6.7, 6.8.2

Japan 7.5.2.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.6.4.1, 7.6.4.2, 7.6.5.1, 7.7.2.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.2.4, 8.5.3, 8.6.1

United States 10.2.2.4.3.5, 10.6.7, 10.6.9, 10.6.13.2.3, 10.6.13.3, 10.15

Case Law of the Boards of Appeal (2022) 11.3.2.2

case management conference (CMC)

Australia 2.6.7

United Kingdom 9.6.4, 9.9.1.3, 9.9.4, 9.9.59.9.7

United States 10.6.6, 10.6.9.2, 10.6.13.2

see also early case management; pretrial

China 3.1.6, 4.14.9, 7.1.3, 7.2, 10.13.1.2

act preservation 4.1.3.3, 4.5.5.3.5, 4.6.2

administrative cases involving invention/utility-model patent grant and confirmation 4.1.3.3, 4.7

administrative regulations 4.1.3, 4.3.2.7, 4.5.5, 4.7, 4.8

advisers 4.6.3

aesthetic appeal of designs 4.8.6.3.3

aiding and abetting infringements 4.1.3.1, 4.3.3

Anti-monopoly Commission 4.5.4.2

apologies 4.4

appeals 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.2.2.3, 4.2.3, 4.3.2, 4.3.4, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7, 4.8

arbitration 4.1.5

attorneys 4.4.2.4, 4.6.4

Australia 4.1.3.5

bilateral international treaties 4.1.3.5

Bolar (Roche – Bolar) exemption 4.3.4.5

burden of proof 4.1.1.2, 4.3.2.4, 4.3.2.5.4, 4.3.4.3, 4.5.4.2, 4.6.1.2

business method patents 4.1.3.4

causes of action 4.1.3.3, 4.2

cessation of infringement 4.4, 4.6.2

civil courts and judges 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8

civil liabilities/remedies 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.1, 4.3.2.7, 4.3.4.3, 4.4

civil remedies 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.1, 4.3.2.7, 4.3.4.3, 4.4, 4.6.2.2.4, 4.9

closed composition claims 4.3.1.6

commercial success assessments of inventiveness 4.7.6.2.3

common general knowledge (CGK) 4.3.2

compensation for losses 4.1.3.3, 4.4, 4.5.5.3.6, 4.6.2.2.4

compulsory licenses 4.1.1.2

computer/IT inventions 4.1.3.4, 4.1.5

confidentiality issues 4.7.5.3

confirmation administrative processes 4.1.3.3, 4.7, 4.8

conflicting applications 4.3.4.2, 4.7.5, 4.8.2.2, 4.8.6.2

costs/expenses 4.1.1.2, 4.1.5, 4.4, 4.4.2.4, 4.9

counterclaims against vexatious litigation 4.5.5.3.6

counterfeiting acts 4.1.1.2, 4.2.1, 4.9

criminal proceedings 4.1.3.1, 4.1.5, 4.4.3.5, 4.9

damages 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.1, 4.3.2.7, 4.4, 4.5.1, 4.5.5.3.6, 4.6.2.2.4

dedication rule 4.3.2.6

defense of abuse of rights 4.1.3.3

defense of invalidity 4.3.1.7, 4.3.2.7, 4.3.4.1, 4.5.5.3.2, 4.8.9

defenses 4.1.3.3, 4.3.4, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7.5, 4.8.9

departmental rules 4.1.3.4, 4.3.2.7

design patent product category 4.8.4.3

design patents 4.1.1, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.4, 4.2.3.1, 4.2.3.2.2, 4.3.4.3, 4.6.2, 4.7.12, 4.8

determination issues 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.4.3, 4.7, 4.8

disclosures 4.4.2.5, 4.6.1.2, 4.7.9

discovery processes 4.4.2.5, 4.6.1.2

doctrine of equivalents 4.3.1.2, 4.3.2.2, 4.3.2.4, 4.3.4.1

doctrine of estoppel 4.3.2.4

doctrines 4.3.1, 4.3.2

documentary evidence 4.4.2.5, 4.6.1.2, 4.8.2

double-patenting avoidance 4.3.4.4, 4.7.4, 4.8.2.2, 4.8.6.2, 4.8.6.3

drawings 4.3.1.2, 4.3.1.3, 4.3.1.7, 4.3.2, 4.7.3, 4.7.10, 4.7.12, 4.8.2.2, 4.8.4

employees/employers 4.5.2.1

enforcement issues 4.1.1.2, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.3.2.7

equity/options/dividends incentives 4.1.1.2

errors/defects in claims 4.3.1.7, 4.8.2

evidence 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.1.5, 4.3.4, 4.4, 4.6

examinations 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.3.1.3, 4.3.2.4, 4.6.2, 4.7, 4.8

exhaustion principle 4.3.4.5

experimental/research privilege 4.3.4.5

experiments 4.1.3.4, 4.3.4.5, 4.7.9.1

experts 4.6.3

first-to-file rule 4.3.4.4, 4.7.4

foreign elements in trials 4.6.4

FRAND (fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory) 4.5.4.1

functional claims 4.3.1.4, 4.3.2.3, 4.7.3.1, 4.8.6.3.3

General Office of the Communist Party of China’s Central Committee 4.6.1.3

graphical user interfaces 4.1.3.4

Guidelines for Building a Powerful Country with Intellectual Property Rights (2021–2035) 4.1.5

Guidelines for Patent Examination 4.1.3, 4.3.1.4, 4.3.1.6, 4.7

guiding cases 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.3.1.4, 4.3.2.5.3, 4.6.3.1

High People’s Courts (HPCs) 4.2.2, 4.5.4.1

historical background 4.1

importation prohibitions 4.3.2.5.3, 4.3.2.8, 4.3.4.5

injunctions 4.4, 4.6.2

inspections 4.1.3

Intellectual Property Court of the Supreme People’s Court 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.3, 4.5.5.3

intellectual property courts 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.3, 4.5.5, 4.6

intentional infringement punitive damages 4.4.3.2

Intermediate People’s Courts 4.2.2, 4.5.4.2

international treaties 4.1.1.2, 4.1.2, 4.1.3.5

invention patents 4.1.1, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.4, 4.2.3.1, 4.2.3.2.2, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3, 4.3.4, 4.5.2, 4.7, 4.8

invention-creations made through cooperative/commissioned development ownership disputes 4.5.2, 4.7.4

inventive steps 4.3.1, 4.3.2.5, 4.3.4.2, 4.7.6

inventiveness definition 4.7.6, 4.7.9, 4.8.6.3

joint infringements 4.1.3.1, 4.3.3

judges 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.2, 4.3, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

judgments 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.3.2, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

judicial administrative structure overview 4.2.2

judicial institutions 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

judicial interpretations 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.4, 4.5.4.1, 4.5.5, 4.6.1, 4.6.2, 4.7

judicial IP policies 4.1.5

judicial patent proceedings 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

Korea (Republic of) 4.1.3.5

languages used 4.3.1.7

laws’ overview 4.1.3, 4.1.5, 4.2, 4.8.5

legal basis to hear cases 4.1.3

legitimate source defense 4.3.4.3, 4.4.1

licenses 4.1.1.2, 4.4.2.5

lost-profits damages calculation method 4.4.2, 4.4.3.4

lost-sales damages calculation method 4.4.2, 4.4.3.4

mediators 4.1.5, 4.3.2.8

medicaments 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.3, 4.2.3.2.3, 4.3.1.6, 4.3.2.5.5, 4.3.4.5, 4.5.4.1, 4.5.5, 4.7.2.2

Military Court of the People’s Liberation Army 4.1.3.3

misappropriation/unauthorized-use of others’ technical secrets 4.5.2, 4.5.2.3

morality violations 4.7.2, 4.8.2.2

multilateral international treaties 4.1.1.2, 4.1.2, 4.1.3.5

national emergency contingencies 4.1.1.2, 4.4.3.3, 4.7.5.3

National Intellectual Property Strategy 2008 4.1.1.2

National People’s Congress (NPC) 4.1.1, 4.1.3, 4.2.3, 4.5.5.3

non-infringement declaration disputes 4.5.1

non-patentable inventions 4.7.2, 4.8.2.2

notices to produce documents 4.4.2.5, 4.6.1.2

novelty 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.4, 4.3.1, 4.3.2.5.4, 4.3.4.2, 4.7.5

obviousness and insufficiency 4.3.4.1, 4.7.6, 4.7.10

Opinions on several IP issues 4.1.5, 4.5.5, 4.6.1.3, 4.6.3

ordinary consumers’ understanding of design products 4.8.3

overview of the patent system 4.1, 4.2

ownership issues 4.2.1, 4.2.3.2, 4.5.2, 4.7.4

patent amendments 4.3.2.4, 4.7.12

patent applications 3.1.6, 4.1, 4.3.1, 4.3.2.4, 4.3.2.7, 4.5.2, 4.7, 4.8, 7.1.3, 7.2

patent contract disputes 4.5.3, 4.5.4

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 4.1.1.2, 4.1.2, 4.1.3.5

patent evaluation reports 4.1.1.2

patent infringements 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.1, 4.2.3.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.8, 4.9

patent institutions 4.1, 4.2, 4.3.2.4, 4.3.2.7, 4.5.5, 4.7, 4.8, 7.2

patent invalidity 4.1.1, 4.1.3.4, 4.1.5, 4.2.1, 4.3.1.7, 4.3.2.7, 4.3.4, 4.4.2.3, 4.5.5.3.2, 4.7, 4.8

patent monopolies 4.1.5, 4.5.4, 4.5.4.2

Patent Office 4.1.3.2, 7.2

Patent Reexamination Board 4.1.1.2, 4.3.1.7, 4.7

patent revocations 4.1.1.2, 4.4.2.3

patent-granting/confirmation administrative processes 4.1.3.3, 4.7, 4.8

penalties 4.1.1.2, 4.9

people’s courts 4.1.5, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8

“person skilled in the art” determinations 4.3.1.2, 4.3.1.4, 4.3.2.2, 4.7.6, 4.7.8, 4.7.9, 4.7.10, 4.7.12

Peru 4.1.3.5

pharmaceutical products 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.3, 4.2.3.2.3, 4.3.2.5.5, 4.3.4.5, 4.5.4.1, 4.5.5, 4.7.2.2.3, 4.7.9.1

practical use of inventions/utility-models 4.7.7

pre-litigation 4.6.2

preliminary examinations of design patent applications 4.8

Primary People’s Courts 4.2.2

prior art 4.1.1.2, 4.3.2, 4.3.4.1, 4.5.5.3.2, 4.7.5, 4.7.6, 4.7.9, 4.8.2.2, 4.8.3, 4.8.5, 4.8.6, 4.8.9

prior designs 4.8.5, 4.8.6, 4.8.7, 4.8.8, 4.8.9

prior-art opposite teachings 4.7.6.2.4

prior-art technical motivation 4.7.6.1.3, 4.7.6.2.3, 4.7.6.2.4, 4.8.6.3.2

prior-use rights (first-to-file compensation) defense 4.3.4.4, 4.5.5.3.2

priority 4.1.1.2, 4.8.5

process infringements 4.3.2.5

product descriptions 4.3, 4.7, 4.8

product-by-process claims 4.3.2.5.2

proportional compensation 4.4.2, 4.4.3

public interest considerations 4.1.1.2, 4.1.4, 4.3.1.2, 4.4.3.3, 4.5.5, 4.7.2, 4.7.5.3, 4.7.12.1.2, 4.8.2.2

publication/dissemination of judgments 4.3.2.8

punitive damages 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.4, 4.4.3

reasonable expenses 4.4.2.4

reasonable royalties 4.4.2, 4.4.3.4

reexaminations 4.1.1.2, 4.3.1.7, 4.7, 4.8

reform/development of IP case trials 4.1.5, 4.6.1.3

Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership 4.1.3.5

Regulations on Patent Commissioning 4.1.3.2

remuneration/rewards for inventors/designers 4.5.2.1.4

reputation/credibility civil remedies 4.4

reverse act preservation e-commerce platforms 4.6.2.2.5

royalties 4.2.1, 4.3.2.8, 4.4.2, 4.4.3.4, 4.5.4

scope of protection 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.2.3.2, 4.3, 4.7, 4.8

serious/severe circumstances of infringements 4.4.3.3, 4.4.3.5

service invention-creations ownership disputes 4.5.2

settlements 4.1.1.2, 4.1.5, 4.4.2.3

specialized intellectual property courts 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.3, 4.5.5, 4.6

standard-essential patents (SEPs) 4.5.4

Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress (NPC) 4.1.1, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.2, 4.2.3, 4.5.5.3

State Council 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.2, 4.3.1.7, 4.3.2.7, 4.5.3, 4.5.4.2, 4.5.5, 4.6.1.3, 4.6.2.2, 4.7, 4.8.2, 4.8.4.3, 4.8.6.2

subject matter examinations 4.7.2

Superior People’s Courts 4.2.2

Supreme People’s Court (SPC) 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8

technical appraisal conclusions 4.6.3

technical fact-finding mechanisms 4.6.3

technology/IT-based courts 4.1.5

temporary protection of invention patents 4.3.2.8

term/expiration times 3.1.6, 4.1.1.2

threats actions 4.5.5.3.6

time limits for proceedings 4.1.5, 4.4.3.1, 4.5, 4.7.5

tort law 4.3.3

transfers of jurisdiction 4.2.2, 4.6.4

trials 4.1.3, 4.1.5, 4.4, 4.6, 4.7, 4.9

TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.5, 4.3.2.5.4, 4.8.6

United States 4.1.3.5

use-environment features 4.3.1.5

utility model patents 4.1.1, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.4, 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.4, 4.6.2, 4.7, 4.8.6.1

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 4.2, 4.6

World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) 4.1.1.1, 4.1.3.5, 4.1.5

World Trade Organization (WTO) 4.1.3.5

wrongful applications for act preservation 4.6.2.2

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

China National Intellectual Property Administration (CNIPA) 4.1.3, 4.1.5, 4.3.2.4, 4.3.2.7, 7.2, 4.5.4.1, 4.5.5, 4.7, 4.8.2, 4.8

civil courts and judges

Australia 2.3, 2.4, 2.5.1, 2.6, 2.7, 2.9, 2.10

Brazil 3.1.1, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.8, 3.12

China 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8

Germany 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.11

India 6.1, 6.2.2, 6.3, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.11

Japan 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

Korea (Republic of) 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8, 8.9

United Kingdom 9.1.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8

United States 5.6.2.1, 10.1, 10.2.1, 10.2.2.4, 10.2.3, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.10, 10.14, 10.15

civil remedies

Australia 2.4.2, 2.6.2, 2.6.4, 2.6.7.5, 2.6.10, 2.7, 2.8

Brazil 3.3, 3.4, 3.5.1.1, 3.6.3, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9, 3.12

China 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.1, 4.3.2.7, 4.3.4.3, 4.4, 4.6.2.2.4, 4.9

Germany 5.1.1, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.2.1, 5.6.3.3, 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.6.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.11

India 6.1, 6.5, 6.6.4, 6.7, 6.8.1.2, 6.11.3

Japan 7.3.2, 7.3.3.3.2, 7.5.3.3, 7.6, 7.6.4, 7.7

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.1.2, 8.3.2, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7

United Kingdom 9.1.1.1, 9.1.1.3, 9.5.3, 9.5.4, 9.5.5, 9.6.4.2, 9.6.5, 9.6.17, 9.7, 9.9.1, 9.9.5, 9.9.13

United States 6.7.2, 10.1.1.2, 10.1.1.7, 10.6.6, 10.6.7, 10.6.8.1, 10.6.10, 10.6.13.6, 10.7, 10.9, 10.10, 10.12.1.4, 10.12.3, 10.12.4, 10.13.2.1.4, 10.13.2.2, 10.15

see also costs/expenses; damages; injunctions

claim construction

Australia 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.3, 2.4, 2.5.1, 2.6.2, 2.6.3, 2.6.7

Brazil 3.1.3, 3.1.4, 3.1.6, 3.2.2, 3.2.3

China 4.3.1

Germany 5.5.1, 5.6.1, 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.6.7.1, 5.6.10, 5.9.1

India 6.5.1, 6.5.2

Japan 7.2.4.1.5, 7.3.2, 7.4.5.2.2, 7.5.1, 7.6.7

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.2, 8.4.2, 8.5.1, 8.7.3.2

United Kingdom 6.5.1, 9.5.2, 9.6.3, 9.9.29.9.4

United States 10.1.1.2, 10.2.2, 10.3.3, 10.5.1, 10.6.2, 10.6.6, 10.6.9.2, 10.6.13, 10.9, 10.12.2.8, 10.12.2.9, 10.15

see also early case management; pretrial

common law

Australia 2.7.2.1

India 6.6.4

United Kingdom 9.1.1.1

United States 10.1, 10.5.3

Community Patent Convention 9.1.1.3, 9.5.1

compulsory licenses

Australia 2.10

Brazil 3.2.3.3, 3.11.1.3

Germany 5.5.3.3, 5.11.1

India 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4.2, 6.1.4.4, 6.4, 6.10.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.3.5

see also pharmaceutical products

confidentiality issues

Australia 2.6.5.3, 2.6.9

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.7

Brazil 3.2.3.5, 3.2.4, 3.6.6, 3.6.7

China 4.7.5.3

Germany 5.4.1.4, 5.6.1, 5.6.4.6, 5.6.6.3, 5.6.8, 5.6.9

India 6.6.1, 6.6.5, 6.11.3

Japan 7.6.5.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.6.7.6.2.2, 8.6.9, 8.9

United Kingdom 9.6.10, 9.6.15, 9.9.10

United States 10.2.2.4, 10.6.4, 10.6.7.1, 10.6.8.2, 10.6.12, 10.12.2.5, 10.12.2.7, 10.13.2.2

Constitutions

Brazil 3.1.1, 3.1.6, 3.3.3, 3.3.4, 3.6.1, 3.6.3, 3.9.5

Germany 5.1, 5.3.1, 5.5.3.4, 11.2.1

India 6.1.1, 6.3.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.1

United States 6.1.1, 10.1, 10.2.3, 10.6.13

Contracting States of the European Patent Convention (EPC) 5.1.2, 11.111.2, 11.3.3, 11.6.10

convergent approach, Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6

costs/expenses

Australia 2.6.3, 2.6.7.5, 2.6.10, 2.7.4

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.10

Brazil 3.1.6, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.6.2, 3.7.1, 3.7.2, 3.9

China 4.1.1.2, 4.1.5, 4.4, 4.4.2.4, 4.9

compromise offers 2.7.4.4, 9.7.4

definitions 2.7.4, 5.7.7

Germany 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.3.4.4, 5.6.2.1, 5.7.7, 5.9.1

indemnity basis 2.7.4, 3.2.3.6, 9.4, 10.6.6

India 6.6.4.2.2, 6.7.4

Japan 7.7

security for costs 2.7.4.3, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.2.4, 5.6.5.3, 5.8.4, 5.11.1.2, 7.6.4.4, 10.6.7.1

United Kingdom 9.1.1.1, 9.4, 9.6.1, 9.6.2.2, 9.6.5, 9.6.7, 9.6.17, 9.7.39.7.5, 9.9.12

United States 10.6, 10.7, 10.7.3, 10.14, 10.15

see also civil remedies; damages

Court of Justice of the European Union 5.1.2

COVID-19 pandemic 2.6.10, 4.1.5, 5.6.9, 6.6.4, 6.6.7, 6.10.1, 9.6.13, 9.9.1.3, 9.9.5.1, 9.9.9

criminal proceedings

Australia 2.3.1.1

Brazil 3.3.3, 3.5.1.1, 3.5.1.2, 3.5.1.3, 3.6.3, 3.6.5, 3.10

China 4.1.3.1, 4.1.5, 4.4.3.5, 4.9

Germany 5.6.8

India 6.3.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.1, 8.3.2.1, 8.5, 8.6.9.2, 8.6.11, 8.9

types of crimes 8.9

United States 10.11

damages

Australia 2.6.4, 2.6.7.5, 2.6.10, 2.7.2, 2.8

Brazil 3.3.3, 3.4, 3.5.1.1, 3.7.1, 3.7.2, 3.8, 3.9

calculation methods 2.7.2.1, 4.4.2, 4.4.3, 5.7.4, 5.7.7, 6.7.2, 7.6.7, 7.7.2, 8.6.3, 8.7.4.2

China 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3.1, 4.1.3.3, 4.1.5, 4.2.1, 4.3.2.7, 4.4.2, 4.4.3, 4.5.1, 4.5.5.3.6, 4.6.2.2.4

Germany 5.4.1.2, 5.6.3.3, 5.7.4, 5.7.7

India 6.1, 6.7.2, 6.8.1.2, 6.11.3

Japan 7.3.2, 7.3.3.3.2, 7.5.3.3, 7.6, 7.6.4, 7.6.4.7, 7.6.7, 7.7, 7.7.2

Korea (Republic of) 8.5, 8.6.1, 8.6.2.2.2, 8.6.3, 8.7, 8.7.4

United Kingdom 9.1.1.3, 9.5.3, 9.5.5, 9.6.5, 9.7.2, 9.9.1, 9.9.13

United States 6.7.2, 10.6.6, 10.6.8.1, 10.6.10, 10.6.13, 10.7, 10.7.2

see also account of the profits; civil remedies; costs/expenses; lost-sales; “reasonable license fee”; reasonable royalties

defenses

Australia 2.4, 2.6.3, 2.6.5, 2.6.6, 2.6.7

Brazil 3.2.4, 3.4, 3.5.2, 3.6.1, 3.6.2.2

China 4.1.3.3, 4.3.4, 4.4, 4.5, 4.7.5, 4.8.9

Germany 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.3, 5.4.1.2.5, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.3.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.5.2.3, 5.5.3, 5.6.3.3, 5.6.5, 5.7.6, 5.9.1.2

India 6.1.4.4.4, 6.5, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.6.2, 6.6.4, 6.6.7, 6.7.2.2, 6.8.2

Japan 7.2.4.5, 7.4.3, 7.5, 7.5.3, 7.5.4, 7.6.2, 7.6.3, 7.6.4, 7.7.2, 7.9

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.2, 8.5.3, 8.6, 8.7.3

United Kingdom 9.6.5, 9.6.3, 9.6.13, 9.7, 9.9.2, 9.9.4

United States 10.1.1.4, 10.2.2, 10.3.3, 10.5.3, 10.6.5, 10.6.6, 10.6.8, 10.6.10.4, 10.12.1.2, 10.12.1.3, 10.12.2.5, 10.15

disclosures

Australia 2.5.1, 2.6.5, 2.6.9

Brazil 3.1.3.4, 3.2.3, 3.6.6, 3.11.2

China 4.4.2.5, 4.6.1.2, 4.7.9

Germany 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1.2, 5.4.2.2, 5.4.2.4, 5.5.3, 5.6.1, 5.6.6, 5.6.8, 5.7.3

India 6.5.4, 6.6.1, 6.6.5

Japan 7.4.5.2.3, 7.5.1, 7.5.2.3, 7.6.5

Korea (Republic of) 8.6.7, 8.6.9, 8.6.11, 8.7.3

United Kingdom 9.3.1.2, 9.6.7, 9.9.5.3, 9.9.6

United States 10.6.2, 10.6.8, 10.6.10.4, 10.6.12, 10.15

doctrine of equivalents

Brazil 3.5, 3.5.1.3, 3.5.1.4

China 4.3.1.2, 4.3.2.2, 4.3.2.4, 4.3.4.1

Germany 5.5.2.3

India 6.5.1, 6.5.2

Japan 7.2.4.6, 7.5, 7.5.2

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.2.3, 8.9.4.1

United Kingdom 6.5.1, 9.5.2, 9.6.3.3

United States 10.1.1, 10.5.2

see also patent infringements

Doha Declaration 2001 6.1.4.2, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.10.1

drawings

Brazil 3.1.3, 3.1.6, 3.2.3

China 4.3.1.2, 4.3.1.3, 4.3.1.7, 4.3.2, 4.7.3, 4.7.10, 4.7.12, 4.8.2.2, 4.8.4

Germany 5.5.1

Japan 7.2.4.1.5, 7.2.4.4, 7.2.4.5.1, 7.4.5.2.7, 7.5.1.3, 7.5.3.1, 7.6.6.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.1.2, 8.6.3, 8.6.8

United Kingdom 9.5.2

United States 10.1.1.2, 10.2.2, 10.6.10.3

early case management (preparatory proceedings)

Australia 2.6.3

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.5

India 6.6.3

Japan 7.6.3

Korea (Republic of) 8.6.4

United Kingdom 9.6.4, 9.9.5

United States 10.6.6, 10.6.9.2, 10.12.2.9, 10.12.2.10

education/training provisions

Australia 2.3.2, 2.6.8

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.3.4

Brazil 3.2.1, 3.3.4, 3.6.7

Germany 5.3.1

India 6.2.1, 6.3.2, 6.11

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.2.3, 8.3.3, 8.4.2.6, 8.6.8

United States 10.2.1, 10.3.4, 10.6.6.2, 10.6.11, 10.12.2.10.5, 10.14

electronically stored information (ESI), United States 10.6.8

England-and-Wales/Scotland/Northern-Ireland jurisdictions

United Kingdom 9.1.1.2, 9.3.1.4, 9.3.1.5, 9.5.1, 9.6

see also United Kingdom

Enlarged Board of Appeal 11.3.1, 11.3.2.3

ePCT filing, World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) 3.2.3

European Commission of Human Rights 11.2.1

European Community

India 6.1.4.1

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

European Convention on Human Rights 11.2.1

European Economic Area (EEA) 5.4.1.2.2.4, 5.5.3.3

European Parliament and Council

Intellectual Property Enforcement Directive 2004/48/EC 5.1.2, 5.6.5.4.2, 5.6.6.3, 5.7.5, 9.7.2

Medicinal Products for Human Use Directive 2001/83/EC 5.5.3.4

Veterinary Medicinal Products Directive 2001/82/EC 5.5.3.4

European Patent Convention (EPC) 2.1.1, 5.1.2, 7.5.1, 9.1.1.3, 9.4, 9.5.2, 11.1, 11.3.2, 11.3.3, 11.6

Contracting States 5.1.2, 11.111.2, 11.3.3, 11.6.10

definition 5.1.2, 11.1.1

Germany 5.1.2, 5.4.2.1, 5.4.2.4, 5.5.1, 5.6.3.3.2, 5.6.4.2, 5.6.4.4

historical background 5.1.2, 11.1

Japan 7.5.1

overview of the patent system 5.1.2, 11.1, 11.3.2, 11.3.3

signature 5.1.2, 11.1.1

United Kingdom 2.1.1, 5.1.2, 9.1.1.3, 9.4, 9.5.1, 9.5.2

see also European Patent Office; Paris Convention; Patent Cooperation Treaty

European Patent Office (EPO) 5.1.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.4.2, 6.2.1.6, 7.5.1.1, 9.1.1.2, 9.1.1.3, 9.4, 10.2.1, 11.111.6

“Comvik” approach 5.4.2.1

definition 5.1.2, 11.111.2, 11.6.1, 11.6.4

Divisions 11.2, 11.6.2, 11.6.4, 11.6.10

European Qualifying Examination 11.6.2.3

Germany 5.1.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.4.2

historical background 5.1.2, 11.1

judicial institutions 11.211.6

official languages (English, German, French) 11.6.8.3

opposition proceedings 10.2.1, 11.2, 11.4, 11.6.4, 11.6.10

overview of the patent system 5.1.2, 11.111.2

patent applications 5.1.2, 5.4.2, 7.5.1.1, 11.1.2

patent revocations 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.2, 10.2.1, 11.2, 11.3.3, 11.6.4, 11.6.9

“person skilled in the art” determinations 11.4

President 11.2, 11.3

Statistics and Trends Centre 11.1.2

United Kingdom 5.1.2, 9.1.1.2, 9.1.1.3, 9.4

United States 10.2.1

see also Administrative Council; Boards of Appeal; European Patent Convention

European Patent Organization

definition 11.2

see also Administrative Council; European Patent Office

European Patent Register 11.6.7

European patents

definition 7.5.1.1, 11.1, 11.3.3

see also European Patent Office

European Qualifying Examination, European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.2.3

European Union (EU) 5.1.2, 9.1.1.2

Germany 5.1.2

UK withdrawal 9.1.1.2

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

evidence

Australia 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.3, 2.3.1, 2.4.1, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.6.3, 2.6.6.3, 2.6.7, 2.9, 6.6.8.4

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.3, 11.6.4, 11.6.5, 11.6.6

Brazil 3.1.3.4, 3.2.3, 3.2.4, 3.3.4, 3.6, 3.6.5, 3.7.1, 3.9

China 4.1.1.2, 4.1.3, 4.1.5, 4.3.4, 4.4, 4.6.1

Germany 5.4.1.2, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.1.4, 5.4.3.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.4, 5.6.5.3, 5.6.5.4, 5.6.6, 5.6.10, 5.6.7, 5.9

hearsay evidence 10.6.6.2, 10.12.2.11, 10.15

India 6.2.2.2, 6.6, 6.6.7, 6.11.3

Japan 7.2.4.1.4, 7.2.4.3, 7.2.4.6, 7.4.3, 7.4.4, 7.6.2, 7.6.3, 7.6.4, 7.6.5, 7.6.6, 7.6.7

Korea (Republic of) 8.2.2.2, 8.4.2, 8.5.1, 8.6.7, 8.8

United Kingdom 5.6.1, 9.6.4, 9.6.8, 9.6.13, 9.6.14, 9.9.5.3, 9.9.7, 9.9.9

United States 5.6.1, 10.2.2, 10.5.1, 10.5.3, 10.6.3, 10.6.6, 10.6.10, 10.6.11, 10.6.13.3, 10.12, 10.15

ex parte proceedings

Germany 5.6.5

Japan 7.2.4.2, 7.2.4.4, 7.2.4.7, 7.3.3.1, 7.4.1, 7.4.2

Korea (Republic of) 8.2.2, 8.4.2.3, 8.4.2.5

United States 10.2.1, 10.2.2

exclusive marketing rights (EMRs), TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement 6.1.4.1, 6.1.4.4

exhaustion principle

Brazil 3.5.2.1

China 4.3.4.5

definition 6.1.4.2

Germany 5.5.3.3

India 6.1.4.2, 6.5.3

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.3.4

United States 10.1.1.3, 10.1.1.4, 10.5.3

experiments

Brazil 3.11.2.2

China 4.1.3.4, 4.3.4.5, 4.7.9.1

definitions 5.5.3.4

Germany 5.5.3.4

Korea (Republic of) 8.7.2

United Kingdom 9.6.4, 9.9.5.3

United States 10.1.1.4, 10.5.3

expert evidence/witnesses

Australia 2.2.2.2, 2.2.2.3, 2.3.1, 2.4.2, 2.5.1, 2.6.3, 2.6.7, 2.6.8, 2.7.4, 6.6.8.4

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.6

Brazil 3.6.3, 3.6.5

China 4.6.3

definitions 6.6.8

Germany 5.4.1.3, 5.6.1, 5.6.5.3, 5.6.5.4, 5.6.6.3, 5.6.7

India 6.6.5, 6.6.7, 6.6.8, 6.11.3

Japan 7.2.4.1.4, 7.6.6.1, 7.6.7

Korea (Republic of) 8.4.2.6, 8.6.5, 8.6.7, 8.9

United Kingdom 9.6.4, 9.6.8.2, 9.6.13, 9.6.14, 9.9.5.3, 9.9.7, 9.9.9

United States 10.2.2.4, 10.6.2, 10.6.6, 10.6.11, 10.6.13, 10.7.2, 10.12.2.10, 10.12.2.11.3, 10.15

see also evidence; witnesses

file wrapper rule

Australia 2.5.1.6

India 6.5.4, 6.6.5

first-to-file rule

Brazil 3.1.4, 3.2.3

China 4.3.4.4, 4.7.4

Japan 7.1.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.3.1

United States 10.1.1.7, 10.3.3

Food and Drug Administration (FDA), United States 10.1.1.6, 10.13.2

forum shopping

Germany 5.6.3.1

United States 10.1.1.5, 10.3.2, 10.13.1.2, 10.14

FRAND (fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory)

China 4.5.4.1

Germany 5.6.6.4, 5.6.8

United Kingdom 9.5.4, 9.6.5.2, 9.7.1

United States 10.7.1, 10.13.1

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1947) 6.1.1, 6.1.4

see also World Trade Organization

“general form” injunctions, United Kingdom 9.7

German Constitutional Court 5.3, 5.6.9, 5.9.2.1, 11.2.1

German Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) 5.1, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2

Germany 5.15.11, 6.2.1.6, 10.13.1.2, 11.3.2.2, 11.3.3, 11.6.2

28 USC 1782 discovery 5.6.6.4

added matter factors 5.4.2.4

additional damages 5.7.4

administrative patent review proceedings 5.2

admissibility thresholds 5.4.1.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.5.1, 5.6.2.1, 5.6.4.3, 5.6.4.4, 5.6.5.3, 5.9.2.1

advisers 5.4.3.3, 5.6.1, 5.6.7

affidavits of witnesses 5.6.5.3, 5.6.7.2

Anglo-American trial contrasts 5.6.1, 5.6.3, 5.9.1.4

appeals 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.3, 5.6.1, 5.6.3.2, 5.6.3.4, 5.6.5.2, 5.6.5.4.3, 5.8, 5.9, 5.11.1.3.3

appeals’ complaints 5.9.2.2

appeals on points of law (cassation) 5.9.2

attorneys 5.3, 5.4.3.3, 5.6.3.4, 5.6.8, 5.6.9, 5.6.10, 5.7.7.3, 5.9.2.4

bifurcation (separate trials) ground rules 5.2, 5.3, 5.6.5.4.2

biosimilar products 5.5.3.4

Bolar (Roche – Bolar) exemption 5.5.3.4

border measures 5.6.3.1, 5.6.3.3.2, 5.10

Brussels Ia Regulation 5.6.3.1, 5.6.4.2

burden of proof 5.4.2.1.3, 5.5.3, 5.6.6

business-method-related patents 5.4.2

case management 5.6

cease-and-desist letters 5.6.2.1, 5.8.2

civil courts and judges 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.11

civil remedies 5.1.1, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.2.1, 5.6.3.3, 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.6.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.11

claim construction 5.5.1, 5.6.1, 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.6.7.1, 5.6.10, 5.9.1

claim withdrawals 5.4.3.4.3, 5.6.10

communications with the infringer 5.6.2.1

compulsory licenses 5.5.3.3, 5.11.1

computer-implemented inventions 5.4.2, 5.11.1

confidentiality issues 5.4.1.4, 5.6.1, 5.6.4.6, 5.6.6.3, 5.6.8, 5.6.9

costs 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.3.4.4, 5.6.2.1, 5.7.7, 5.9.1

counterclaims 5.6.2.1.2, 5.6.3.3, 5.9.1.2

criminal proceedings 5.6.8

cross-appeals 5.4.3.4.3, 5.9.1.2

Customs 5.10

damages 5.4.1.2, 5.6.3.3, 5.7.4, 5.7.7

de novo appeals 5.4.3.2, 5.9.1

declaratory judgment action 5.6.2.1, 5.6.3.3, 5.7.6

declaratory relief claims 5.6.2.1, 5.6.3.3, 5.7.6

defendant party overview 5.6.3.3

defenses 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.3, 5.4.1.2.5, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.3.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.5.2.3, 5.5.3, 5.6.3.3, 5.6.5, 5.7.6, 5.9.1.2

destruction/recall/removal orders 5.7.2, 5.7.7, 5.8.3

direct patent infringements 5.5.2.1, 5.5.2, 5.7

disclosures 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1.2, 5.4.2.2, 5.4.2.4, 5.5.3, 5.6.1, 5.6.6, 5.6.8, 5.7.3

discovery processes 5.6.1, 5.6.6.3, 5.6.6.4, 5.6.8, 5.7.3

dismissals 5.6.5.4, 5.6.6.3, 5.6.9, 5.6.10, 5.9

disproportionality objections 5.1.1, 5.6.4.6, 5.7.5

doctrine of equivalents 5.5.2.3

documentary evidence 5.4.1.2, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.1.4, 5.6.7.3

drawings 5.5.1

education/training provisions 5.3.1

enforcement issues 5.1.2, 5.6.5.3, 5.6.5.4, 5.6.10, 5.8

European Patent Convention (EPC) 5.1.2, 5.4.2.1, 5.4.2.4, 5.5.1, 5.6.3.3.2, 5.6.4.2, 5.6.4.4

European Patent Office (EPO) 5.1.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.4.2

European Union (EU) 5.1.2

evidence 5.4.1.2, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.1.4, 5.4.3.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.4, 5.6.5.3, 5.6.5.4, 5.6.6, 5.6.10, 5.9

ex parte proceedings 5.6.5

examinations 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.7

exhaustion principle 5.5.3.3

experimental/research privilege 5.5.3.4

expert evidence/witnesses 5.4.1.3, 5.6.1, 5.6.5.3, 5.6.5.4, 5.6.6.3, 5.6.7

Federal Administrative Court 5.1

Federal Court of Justice (FCJ) 5.2, 5.3, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2, 5.4.3, 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.6.3, 5.6.6.3, 5.6.7, 5.9.2, 5.11, 11.3.2.2

Federal Patent Court (FPC) 5.1, 5.3.1, 5.4, 5.6.3, 5.7.6, 5.9.2.2, 5.11.1

Federal Supreme Court 5.4.2

first-instance proceedings 5.3.1, 5.4

forum shopping 5.6.3.1

FRAND (fair, reasonable and nondiscriminatory) 5.6.6.4, 5.6.8

front-loading proceedings 5.4.1.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.4

functional claims 5.5.1, 5.5.2

generic drugs 5.5.3.4

Hague Convention 5.6.4, 5.6.6.4

higher regional courts 5.3, 5.6.6.3, 5.8, 5.9

historical background 5.1

importation prohibitions 5.5.2.1, 5.6.3.3.2, 5.10

indirect patent infringements 5.5.2, 5.7

information-gathering mechanics 5.6.6, 5.6.8, 5.7.3, 5.9.2

injunctions 5.1.1, 5.3.1, 5.6.2.1, 5.6.3.3, 5.6.5, 5.6.6.3, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9.1.4, 5.11.1.3.2

inspections 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1, 5.6.1, 5.6.6, 5.6.7

inspections/on-site-examinations of alleged infringer’s facility 5.6.6, 5.6.7

inter partes reviews (IPRs) 5.6.5.3, 5.6.5.4.2

interim injunctions 5.6.5, 5.6.6.3, 5.11.1.3.2

interpretation of claims 5.5.1, 5.9

interrogations 5.4.1.3

inventive step 5.4.1.2.2, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1.3

“Italian torpedo” practices 5.6.2.1.3

joinder of actions 5.4.1.2.2

judges 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

judgments/decisions 5.3.1, 5.4.1, 5.4.2.1.2, 5.4.3.1, 5.4.3.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.2, 5.6.9, 5.6.10, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

judicial institutions 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11

judicial patent proceedings 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11

languages used 5.4.1.2, 5.6.4.3, 5.6.9

lawyers 5.3, 5.4.3, 5.7.7.3

licenses 5.5.3.3, 5.6.3.3, 5.7.4, 5.7.7, 5.11.1

lost-profits damages calculation method 5.7.4

Markman hearings 5.6.1

medicaments 5.5.3.3, 5.5.3.4, 5.11.1

modified claims 5.6.4.5

non-patentable inventions 5.4.2

noninfringement declaration applications 5.5.3, 5.6.2, 5.7.6

novelty 5.4.1.2.2, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1.2, 5.5.3.2

nullity proceedings 5.3.1, 5.4, 5.5.3.3, 5.6.3.1, 5.6.3.4, 5.6.5.4.2, 5.6.10, 5.7.6, 5.7.7, 5.9.2

obviousness and insufficiency 5.4.1.2.2, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1.3, 5.4.2.2, 5.5.3.2

oral hearings 5.4.1.2.7, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.3.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.4, 5.6.8, 5.6.9, 5.6.10, 5.11.1.3

overview of the patent system 5.1, 5.2, 5.3

panel/chamber system 5.6.3.2

parallel proceedings 5.4.1.2.2, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.9.2.2

parties’ overview 5.6.3.3

patent amendments 5.4.1.2

patent applications 5.1.2, 5.1.3, 5.2, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.5.1

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 5.1.3

patent eligibility 5.4.2

patent infringement analysis 5.5.2

patent infringements 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.3.1, 5.4.3.4.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.7, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11

patent institutions 5.1, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2, 6.2.1.6

patent invalidity 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.4, 5.5.3.2, 5.5.3.3, 5.6.5.4.2, 5.6.10, 5.7.6, 5.7.7, 5.9.2, 5.11.1.3

Patent Office 5.1.2, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2

patent revocations 5.3, 5.4, 5.11.1.3

pendency of actions 5.6.4.2

“person skilled in the art” determinations 5.4.2.1, 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.3

pharmaceutical products 5.5.3.3, 5.5.3.4, 5.11.1

plaintiff party overview 5.6.3.3

pleas 5.4.1.2.7, 5.6.1, 5.6.4.6, 5.6.6, 5.6.9, 5.9.2.4

prayers for relief (requests) 5.6.4.3, 5.6.9

pre-action protocol 5.6.2

preliminary court evaluations 5.3.2, 5.4.1.2.4, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.6.5

preliminary injunctions 5.6.5, 5.6.6.3, 5.11.1.3.2

pretrial 5.6

prior art 5.4.1.2, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1, 5.4.3.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.5.1, 5.5.3.2, 5.6.5.4.2

priority 5.5.1, 5.5.3

process claims 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.3

product claims 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.3

product descriptions 5.4.2, 5.5.1, 5.5.3

protective writs 5.6.5.2

provisional terminations of injunction enforcements 5.9.1.4

public interest considerations 5.11.1

public-hearing needs 5.6.8, 5.6.9

publication/dissemination of judgments 5.7.5

punitive damages 5.7.4

“reasonable license fee” damages calculation method 5.7.4, 5.7.7

regional courts 5.3, 5.6.3.2, 5.6.4, 5.6.5, 5.6.6, 5.6.9, 5.9

removal orders 4.4

rendered accounts of third parties involved 5.7.3, 5.7.7

responding to claims 5.4.1.2.3, 5.4.1.2.5, 5.4.1.2.6, 5.4.3.4, 5.5.3, 5.6.4

right-to-use requests 5.6.2.1.2

Schengen Area 5.10

scope of claim 5.4.1.2, 5.4.2.4, 5.5.1, 5.5.3, 5.6.4.4

security bonds 5.3.1, 5.4.1.2.2.4, 5.6.5.3, 5.8.4, 5.11.1.2

seizure orders 5.6.6.3, 5.10, 5.7.2, 5.8.3, 5.10

settlements 5.4.1.2.7

specialized IP courts 5.1.1, 5.2, 5.3.1, 5.4.1

standard-essential patents (SEPs) 5.1.2

statements of case 5.4.3.4, 5.6.4, 5.6.6.1, 5.7.7

stayed injunctions pending appeal 5.9.1.4

stayed proceedings 5.3.1, 5.6.10, 5.8.4, 5.9.1.3, 5.9.1.4

subject matter of the litigation 5.4.1.2, 5.4.2, 5.5.1, 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.6.4.4

summonsed witnesses 5.6.7.2

technical-field inventions 5.4.2, 5.11.1

test buys 5.6.6.2

threats actions 5.4.1.2

time limits for proceedings 5.4.1.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.4, 5.6.5.4.3, 5.9, 5.10

tort law 5.6.3, 5.7.4

United Kingdom 5.6.1

United States 5.6.1, 5.6.6.4

usurpation 5.4.2.3

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 5.4.1.2.3, 5.4.3, 5.6.3, 5.6.9, 5.9

violation/non-compliance penalties 5.8

withdrawn claims 5.4.3.4.3, 5.6.10

witnesses 5.4.1.2.7, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.3.2, 5.6.1, 5.6.5.3, 5.6.7

written statements 5.4.1.2.5, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.1, 5.6.6, 5.6.7

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

Hague Convention 5.6.4, 5.6.6.4, 9.6.2.1

Hatch-Waxman Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act 1984 10.1.1.6, 10.6.13.5, 10.13.2, 10.15

antitrust constraints 10.13.2.1.6

case management 10.13.2.1.5

definition 10.1.1.6, 10.13.2

key dates 10.13.2.1.1

Paragraph IV certifications 10.13.2.1

patent infringements 10.13.2.1.4

remedies 10.13.2.1.4

“reverse payment”/”pay for delay” settlements 10.13.2.1.6

settlements 10.13.2.1.6

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations; United States

High Court

Australia 2.2.2.4, 2.3.1

India 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.4, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2.2, 6.3.1, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10.1, 6.11

Japan 7.1, 7.2.3.4, 7.1, 7.2.4.3, 7.3, 7.3.3, 7.4, 7.5.2, 7.5.3, 7.5.4, 7.6.1, 7.6.6.2, 7.7.2, 7.8

Korea (Republic of) 8.3, 8.8

United Kingdom 9.1.1.2, 9.3.1.19.3.1.3, 9.4, 9.5.1, 9.6.14, 11.2.1

see also individual countries

hot-tubbing procedures

Australia 2.4.1, 2.6.7.4

India 6.6.5, 6.6.8.4, 6.11.3

United Kingdom 9.6.13.2.4

importation prohibitions

Australia 2.10

Brazil 3.1.4, 3.5.1.1, 3.5.1.5

China 4.3.2.5.3, 4.3.2.8, 4.3.4.5

Germany 5.5.2.1, 5.6.3.3.2, 5.10

India 6.1.4.4.4, 6.5.3, 6.8.1.2

Japan 7.9

Korea (Republic of) 8.5.2.4

United Kingdom 9.5, 9.6

United States 7.9, 10.1, 10.3, 10.12.1, 10.12.2, 10.15

in camera (private) sittings

Korea (Republic of) 8.6.9

United Kingdom 9.6.10, 9.6.14

in limine motions, United States 10.6.10.1, 10.6.10.4, 10.6.13.2, 10.9, 10.12.2.10, 10.6.13.2, 10.12.2.10.3

indemnity basis, costs 2.7.4, 3.2.3.6, 9.4, 10.6.6

India 6.16.11

administrative patent review proceedings 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2, 6.9

affidavits of witnesses 6.6.7.3

agrochemicals 6.1.1, 6.1.4

alternative procedures 6.6.9

Anton Piller (“search”) orders 6.6.4, 6.7.3

appeals 6.1.3, 6.1.4.1, 6.1.4.4.4, 6.2.2, 6.3.1, 6.4, 6.9

arbitration 6.6.9

Bakshi Tekchand Committee 6.1.1

balance-of-convenience influences 6.6.4

Bolar (Roche – Bolar) exemption 6.1.4.4.4, 6.5.3

border measures 6.8.1.2

burden of proof 6.1.4.4.4, 6.6.1, 6.6.7, 6.8.2

case management 6.5.1, 6.6

Cell for IPR Promotion and Management 6.2.1.4

Central Government 6.1.4.4, 6.2, 6.3.2, 6.10.1

challenges to improve case management 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.11

challenges to patents 6.4

civil courts and judges 6.1, 6.2.2, 6.3, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.11

civil remedies 6.1, 6.5, 6.6.4, 6.7, 6.8.1.2, 6.11.3

claim construction 6.5.1, 6.5.2

colonization period 6.1.1

commercial courts 6.3.1.2, 6.6, 6.11.3

common law 6.6.4

compulsory licenses 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4.2, 6.1.4.4, 6.4, 6.10.1

confidentiality issues 6.6.1, 6.6.5, 6.11.3

Constitution 6.1.1, 6.3.1

Controller General of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks 6.1, 6.2, 6.9, 6.11.3

costs/expenses 6.6.4.2.2, 6.7

Council of Scientific and Industrial Research 6.2.1.6

counterclaims 6.4, 6.5, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.6.2

court-appointed scientific advisers/experts 6.6.8.3

criminal proceedings 6.3.1

cross-examination of evidence 6.6.7, 6.6.8

damages 6.1, 6.7.2, 6.8.1.2, 6.11.3

defenses 6.1.4.4.4, 6.5, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.6.2, 6.6.4, 6.6.7, 6.7.2.2, 6.8.2

Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade 6.2.1.2, 6.2.1.4

Department of Science and Technology 6.2.1.5

Directive Principles of State Policy in the Constitution 6.1.1

disclosures 6.5.4, 6.6.1, 6.6.5

discovery processes 6.6.5

district courts 6.3.1, 6.6

doctrine of equivalents 6.5.1, 6.5.2

Doha Declaration 2001 6.1.4.2, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.10.1

early case management (preparatory proceedings) 6.6.3

education/training provisions 6.2.1, 6.3.2, 6.11

English law influences 6.1.1, 6.5, 6.6.4

European Community 6.1.4.1

evidence 6.2.2.2, 6.6, 6.6.7, 6.11.3

examinations 6.1.4.4, 6.2, 6.5.1, 6.6

exhaustion principle 6.1.4.2, 6.5.3

expert evidence/witnesses 6.6.5, 6.6.7, 6.6.8, 6.11.3

file wrapper rule 6.5.4, 6.6.5

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT 1947) 6.1.1, 6.1.4

globalization period 6.1.1

High Courts 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.4, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2.2, 6.3.1, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10.1, 6.11

historical background 6.1

hot-tubbing procedures 6.6.5, 6.6.8.4

importation prohibitions 6.1.4.4.4, 6.5.3, 6.8.1.2

injunctions 6.1, 6.6.4, 6.7, 6.8.1.2

Intellectual Property Appellate Board (IPAB) 6.1.4.4.4, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2.2, 6.11.3

interim arrangements/deposits 6.6.4.2.2

interim injunctions 6.1, 6.6.4, 6.7

international obligations and commitments 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4

International Preliminary Examining Authorities 6.1.4.3

inventive step 6.1.4.4

IP Division of the High Court 6.11.3

IP Nani mascot 6.2.1.4

irreparable injury conditions 6.6.4.1.3

Japan 6.1.4.4

jargon dictionary terms 6.1.4.4.3

John Doe orders 6.6.4

judges 6.3, 6.6, 6.7, 6.9, 6.11

judgments 6.2.2, 6.6.6, 6.7, 6.8

judicial institutions 6.1, 6.2.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.9, 6.11

judicial patent proceedings 6.1, 6.2.2, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.11

Justice N Rajagopala Ayyangar Committee 6.1.1, 6.1.2

lapsed patents 6.1.4.4.4

lawyers 6.3.2, 6.6.7, 6.7.4

licenses 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4.2, 6.1.4.4, 6.4, 6.6.6, 6.10.1

licenses of right 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.4

local commissioners (LCs) 6.6.4.2, 6.6.7

Mareva (“freezing/asset-protection”) injunctions 6.6.4

mediators 6.6.9, 6.11.3

national defense applications 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.4

National Institute of Intellectual Property Management, Nagpur 6.2.1

National Intellectual Property Rights Policy 2016 6.2.1.4

National Judicial Academy (NJA) 6.3.2

non-infringement declarations 6.8.2

non-patentable inventions 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.4, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.5.4

Norwich Pharmacal orders 6.6.4

opposition proceedings 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.6.8

orders 6.6.4, 6.9

overview of the patent system 6.1

parallel proceedings 6.4

patent applications 6.1.4, 6.1.5, 6.2

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 6.1.4

Patent Facilitation Programme 6.2.1.5

patent infringements 6.1, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.11

patent institutions 6.1, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5.4, 6.6.8, 6.11.3

patent invalidity 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2.2.2, 6.4, 6.5.1, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.6.2, 6.6.4.1, 6.6.8, 6.7.1

patent monopolies 6.1.2, 6.1.3

patent offices 6.1.3, 6.1.4, 6.2, 6.4, 6.5.4, 6.6.8

patent prosecution highways 6.1.4.4

patent revocations 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4.5, 6.4, 6.5.3, 6.5.4, 6.6.8, 6.10.1

“person skilled in the art” determinations 6.6.8.2

pharmaceutical products 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4, 6.5.4, 6.6.4.1, 6.7.2, 6.10.1

pleas 6.6

post-grant reviews (PGRs) 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2.2.3, 6.4

post-independence period 6.1.1

pre-action mediation 6.6.9

pre-grant opposition 6.1.4.4.5, 6.2.2.2, 6.4

pretrial 6.6.5

prima facie case requirements 6.6.4

prior art 6.6.8.2

public interest considerations 6.1.3, 6.1.4.4, 6.4, 6.6.4.1

punitive damages 6.7.2.1

“purposive construction” 6.5.1

quid pro quo patent system 6.1.2

reexamination of evidence 6.6.7

search and seizure remedies 6.6.4, 6.7.3

sessions courts 6.3.1

socio-economic objectives 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4

specialized IP courts 6.2.2

standard-essential patents (SEPs) 6.1, 6.6.4, 6.6.5, 6.6.6, 6.6.9, 6.7.2

statements of case 6.6

summary adjudication 6.6.6, 6.11.3

Supreme Court 6.1.3, 6.2.2.3.1, 6.3.1, 6.4, 6.5.1, 6.6, 6.9, 6.11

term/expiration times 6.1.3, 6.1.4

threats actions 6.8.1

time limits for proceedings 6.6.3, 6.6.4, 6.6.7, 6.11

time to trial and expedition 6.6.7, 6.11

Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) 6.2.1.6

trials 6.6.7

TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4, 6.5.2, 6.6.1, 6.10.1

United Kingdom 6.1.1, 6.5, 6.6.4

United States 6.1.4.1, 6.11.3

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 6.1.4, 6.2.2, 6.3, 6.6

witnesses 6.6.3, 6.6.7

World Trade Organization (WTO) 6.1.1, 6.1.4

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

injunctions

Australia 2.4.2, 2.6.2, 2.6.4, 2.6.5, 2.6.10, 2.7.1, 2.8

Brazil 3.3.3, 3.7.1, 3.8, 3.12

China 4.4.1, 4.6.2

Germany 5.1.1, 5.3.1, 5.6.2.1, 5.6.3.3, 5.6.5, 5.6.6.3, 5.7.1, 5.8, 5.9.1.4, 5.11.1.3.2

India 6.1, 6.6.4, 6.7.1, 6.8.1.2

Japan 7.6, 7.6.4, 7.7.1, 7.7.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.1.2, 8.3.1.3, 8.3.2, 8.5, 8.6.1, 8.6.2.1.3, 8.6.2.2.3, 8.6.6, 8.7.3

United Kingdom 9.1.1.3, 9.5.3, 9.5.5, 9.6, 9.7.1, 9.8.2, 9.9.5, 9.9.13

United States 5.9.1.4, 10.1.1.7, 10.6.7, 10.6.12, 10.6.13.6, 10.7.1, 10.10, 10.12.1.4, 10.15

see also civil remedies; interim injunctions

inter partes reviews (IPRs)

Germany 5.6.5.3, 5.6.5.4.2

Japan 7.2.4.5.2, 7.2.4.7, 7.3.3.1, 7.4.1

Korea (Republic of) 8.2.2, 8.4.2.1, 8.4.2.5

United States 10.2.1, 10.2.2.4, 10.2.2.5, 10.2.3, 10.3.3.3, 10.4, 10.15

interim injunctions

Australia 2.4.2, 2.6.2, 2.6.4

Brazil 3.7.1, 3.12

Germany 5.6.5, 5.6.6.3

India 6.1, 6.6.4, 6.7

United Kingdom 9.6, 9.9.1, 9.9.5

United States 10.6.7

see also civil remedies; injunctions

International Preliminary Examining Authorities 6.1.4.3

inventions, definitions 3.1.1, 3.1.3, 4.1.1, 4.1.3, 4.7.2, 4.7.6, 4.8, 5.4.2, 6.1.4.4.4, 7.4.5.2, 9.1.1.3, 9.5, 10.1.1.2, 10.1.1.3, 10.1.1.7, 10.5.1, 10.5.2, 11.2

inventive step

Australia 2.2.2.1, 2.2.2.3, 2.5.1, 2.6.3

Brazil 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.3.4, 3.1.3.5, 3.2.3, 3.4, 3.11.2

China 4.3.1, 4.3.2.5, 4.3.4.2, 4.7.6

Germany 5.4.1.2.2, 5.4.1.2.8, 5.4.1.3, 5.4.2.1.3

India 6.1.4.4

Japan 7.3.4, 7.4, 7.4.4, 7.4.5.2, 7.5.3

Korea (Republic of) 8.1.1, 8.5.1.1, 8.5.3.1, 8.6.3

United Kingdom 9.6.7.2

“Italian torpedo” practices, Germany 5.6.2.1.3

Japan 4.1.3.5, 6.1.4.4, 6.2.1.6, 7.17.9

administrative patent review proceedings 7.2, 7.3.3.1

advance notice of trial decisions 7.2.4.5.7

advisers 7.2.3, 7.2.4, 7.2.4.6, 7.3, 7.3.2.2, 7.3.3.3, 7.4, 7.6.1, 7.6.5.2, 7.6.8

alternative procedures 7.3.2.2.2, 7.6, 7.6.6.2, 7.6.8

appeals 7.1.4, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5.2.7, 7.5, 7.6, 7.6.1, 7.6.4.6, 7.8

attorneys 7.3.3.3.3, 7.6.4, 7.6.5, 7.6.8, 7.7.2

border measures 7.9

burden of proof 7.5.2.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.6.4.1, 7.6.4.2, 7.6.5.1, 7.7.2.1

case management 7.6

certificate of contested validity 7.4.2

civil courts and judges 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

Civil Divisions of the district courts 7.6.1

civil remedies 7.3.2, 7.3.3.3.2, 7.5.3.3, 7.6, 7.6.4, 7.7

claim construction 7.2.4.1.5, 7.3.2, 7.4.5.2.2, 7.5, 7.6.7

claim terms 7.5.1

clarity defects 7.4, 7.4.5.2.6, 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.1.7

common general knowledge (CGK) 7.4.5.2.2, 7.5.1, 7.5.3.1.4, 7.6.6.1

conciliators 7.3.2.1, 7.3.2.2, 7.6, 7.6.8

confidentiality issues 7.6.5.1

costs/expenses 7.7

court locations 7.3

cross-examination of evidence 7.2.4.1.4

Customs office 7.9

damages 7.3.2, 7.3.3.3.2, 7.5.3.3, 7.6, 7.6.4, 7.6.4.7, 7.6.7, 7.7, 7.7.2

defense of abuse of rights 7.5.3

defense of correction 7.5.3.3, 7.5.4, 7.6.3

defense of invalidity 7.2.4.5, 7.5.3, 7.5.3.2, 7.5.3.3, 7.5.4, 7.6.3, 7.6.4, 7.9

defenses 7.2.4.5, 7.4.3, 7.5, 7.5.3, 7.5.4, 7.6.2, 7.6.3, 7.6.4, 7.7.2, 7.9

destruction orders 7.6.4

direct patent infringements 7.7.1

disclosures 7.4.5.2.3, 7.5.1, 7.5.2.3, 7.6.5

discovery processes 7.6, 7.6.5

dismissed-action/revocation-of-decision statistics 7.2.4.7, 7.3.2

disposal of infringing products 7.6.4, 7.7.1

dispute resolutions 7.2.3, 7.2.4.4

district courts 7.1, 7.3, 7.5.4.3, 7.6, 7.6.4.3, 7.6.8, 7.8

doctrine of equivalents 7.2.4.6, 7.5, 7.5.2

doctrine of estoppel 7.5.2.1, 7.5.2.7

doctrine of good faith and fair dealing 7.5.3.2

documentary evidence 7.2.4.1.4, 7.4.3, 7.4.4, 7.6.2, 7.6.4.2, 7.6.5, 7.6.6

drawings 7.2.4.1.5, 7.2.4.4, 7.2.4.5.1, 7.4.5.2.7, 7.5.1.3, 7.5.3.1, 7.6.6.1

early case management (preparatory proceedings) 7.6.3

enablement requirement 7.4, 7.4.5.2.5, 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.1.5

enforcement issues 7.5, 7.6.4.5

erga omnes effect 7.5.3.2

European Patent Convention (EPC) 7.5.1

evidence 7.2.4.1.4, 7.2.4.3, 7.2.4.6, 7.4.3, 7.4.4, 7.6.2, 7.6.3, 7.6.4, 7.6.5, 7.6.6, 7.6.7

ex parte proceedings 7.2.4.2, 7.2.4.4, 7.2.4.7, 7.3.3.1, 7.4.1, 7.4.2

Examination Guidelines 7.2.2, 7.2.4.1

examinations 7.1.2, 7.2, 7.3.3, 7.4.4, 7.6.1, 7.6.5.2

expert court officials 7.3, 7.3.2.2, 7.3.3.3, 7.4.4

expert evidence/witnesses 7.2.4.1.4, 7.6.6.1, 7.6.7

explanatory (technical briefing) sessions 7.6, 7.6.6.1

Fifth Special Division 7.1.4.1

first-to-file rule 7.1.1

formality checks 7.2.4

fraud 7.5.3

functional claims 7.5, 7.5.1.6

guideline documents 7.2.2, 7.2.3.2, 7.2.4.1, 7.2.4.2, 7.2.4.3, 7.2.4.5.1, 7.3.2.1, 7.3.3.1, 7.4.3, 7.6, 7.6.8

Hantei (advisory opinions) system 7.2.3.2, 7.2.4, 7.2.4.6, 7.4

High Court 7.1, 7.2.3.4, 7.1, 7.2.4.3, 7.3, 7.3.3, 7.4, 7.5.2, 7.5.3, 7.5.4, 7.6.1, 7.6.6.2, 7.7.2, 7.8

historical background 7.1

importation prohibitions 7.9

India 6.1.4.4

indirect patent infringements 7.7.1

infringer’s profits 7.3.3.3.2, 7.7.2, 7.7.2.2

injunctions 7.6, 7.6.4, 7.7, 7.7.1

inspections/on-site-examinations of alleged infringer’s facility 7.6.5.2

Intellectual Property High Court (IP High Court) 7.1, 7.2.3.4, 7.2.4.3, 7.2.4.5.7, 7.3, 7.3.3, 7.4, 7.5.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.6.1, 7.6.6.2, 7.7.2, 7.8

intellectual property (IP) divisions of district courts 7.1

Intellectual Property Policy Outline (2002) 7.1.4.3

inter partes reviews (IPRs) 7.2.4.5.2, 7.2.4.7, 7.3.3.1, 7.4.1

interpretation of claims 7.5.1

inventive step 7.3.4, 7.4, 7.4.4, 7.4.5.2, 7.5.3

judges 7.1.4, 7.2.3.3, 7.2.4.1.4, 7.2.4.3, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

judgments 7.1.4.3, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

judicial institutions 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

judicial patent proceedings 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7

judicial research officials 7.3, 7.3.2.2.3, 7.3.3.3.4, 7.4.4, 7.6.1, 7.6.5.2, 7.6.6.1

jury trials 7.3

key personnel 7.3, 7.3.2.2, 7.3.3.3, 7.3.4.2

languages used 7.2.2, 7.2.4.5, 7.3.3.4

licenses 7.2.4.6, 7.5.4.3, 7.6.5.1

lost-profits damages calculation method 7.7.2, 7.7.2.1

Manual for Proceedings 7.2.3.2, 7.2.4.1.3, 7.2.4.2, 7.2.4.3, 7.2.4.5.1

Meiji era (1868–1912) 7.1.1

mutatis mutandis application 7.2.4.5.1

negligence/wilfulness tort claims 7.7.2

non-patentable inventions 7.2.4.5.1

novelty 7.4, 7.4.4, 7.4.5.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.1.2

obviousness 7.5.3

opposition proceedings 7.2.3, 7.2.4, 7.2.4.3, 7.2.4.4

orders to produce documents 7.6.5

overturned trial/appeal decisions by the IP High Court 7.4.4

overview of the patent system 7.1, 7.2, 7.4.1, 7.6

panel system 7.1.4.1, 7.2.4, 7.3.3.3.2, 7.5.2.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.6, 7.7.2, 7.8

parallel JPO invalidation trials 7.5.3, 7.5.3.2, 7.9

patent amendments 7.2.3, 7.2.4, 7.3.3.1, 7.4, 7.4.5.2.7, 7.5.3.1

patent applications 7.1, 7.2, 7.3.3, 7.4.5.2.2, 7.5.1

Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) 7.1

patent infringement determination 7.6, 7.6.6, 7.7

patent infringements 7.2.4.5, 7.2.4.6, 7.3.2, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8, 7.9

patent institutions 6.1.4.4, 6.2.1.6, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3.3, 7.4, 7.6.4.1

patent invalidity 7.2.3, 7.2.4, 7.3.3, 7.3.4, 7.4, 7.5, 7.5.3, 7.6, 7.9

patent revocations 7.2.3.4, 7.2.4.3, 7.2.4.4, 7.3.2, 7.3.3, 7.4

preliminary injunctions 7.6, 7.6.4

preliminary view on infringement and settlement 7.6, 7.6.6.2

prior art 7.2.4.1.5, 7.2.4.3, 7.3.4, 7.4.4, 7.4.5.2.2, 7.5.1.3, 7.5.2.3, 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.1.4, 7.6.3, 7.6.6

procedural defects 7.4.5

product descriptions 7.2.4.1.5, 7.2.4.4, 7.2.4.5.1, 7.4, 7.4.5.2.4, 7.5.1, 7.5.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.6.3, 7.6.6

product-by-process claims 7.2.4.5.2, 7.4.5.2.6, 7.5, 7.5.1.5

public interest considerations 7.2.4.3

punitive damages 7.7.2

reasonable royalties 7.7.2, 7.7.2.1, 7.7.2.3, 7.7.2.4

Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership 4.1.3.5

rejected/refused patent applications 7.2.2, 7.2.3, 7.2.4.2

reputation/credibility civil remedies 7.6.4, 7.7.3

res judicata judgments 7.4.6

responding to claims 7.2.4.5, 7.4.3, 7.6

retrial assertion limitations 7.5.3.3

review of JPO decisions by the IP High Court 7.4

royalties 7.7.2, 7.7.2.1, 7.7.2.3, 7.7.2.4

scope of claim 7.2.3, 7.2.4, 7.2.4.5, 7.2.4.6, 7.4, 7.4.5.2, 7.5.1, 7.5.2, 7.5.3.1, 7.6.3, 7.6.6

security deposits 7.6.4.4

settlements 7.6, 7.6.2

Sixth Special Division 7.1.4.1

specialized IP courts 7.1.4, 7.3

standard-essential patents 7.2.4.6

statements of case 7.2.4.5.1, 7.6.2, 7.6.7

substantive law defects 7.4.5.2

support requirement 7.4, 7.4.5.2.4, 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.1.6

Supreme Court 7.1.4, 7.3, 7.3.4, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6.1, 7.8

time limits for proceedings 7.2.4.2, 7.2.4.4, 7.4.3, 7.5.4.2, 7.6.4.6, 7.7.3.2

tort law 7.7.2

Trial and Appeal department of the JPO (TAD) 7.1.2, 7.2, 7.3.3, 7.4.2, 7.4.4

trial for correction 7.2.3.2, 7.2.3.4, 7.2.4.4, 7.2.4.5, 7.3.3.1, 7.4, 7.4.5.2.7, 7.5.4

trial for invalidation 7.2.3.2, 7.2.3.4, 7.2.4.1.4, 7.2.4.4, 7.2.4.5, 7.3.3.1, 7.4, 7.6.4

trials 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5

two-stage district court infringement/damages assessments 7.6

unjust-enrichment returns 7.7.3.2

usurpation 7.5.3.1, 7.5.3.1.8

utility model patents 7.1.2, 7.2.2, 7.3.3.1

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 7.3, 7.6

videoconferences 7.2.4.1.4

witnesses 7.2.4.1.4, 7.6.4.2, 7.6.7

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

Japan Patent Office (JPO) 6.1.4.4, 6.2.1.6, 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.3.3, 7.4, 7.5.2.1, 7.5.2.7, 7.5.3, 7.5.4, 7.6.4.1

John Doe orders, India 6.6.4

judges

Australia 2.3, 2.4, 2.5.1, 2.6, 2.7, 2.9

Brazil 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.7, 3.12

China 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.1.5, 4.2, 4.3, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

Germany 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

India 6.3, 6.6, 6.7, 6.9, 6.11

Japan 7.1.4, 7.2.3.3, 7.2.4.1.4, 7.2.4.3, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

Korea (Republic of) 8.2.2, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.4.2.6, 8.4.2.10, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8, 8.9

United Kingdom 9.1.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.6, 9.6.14, 9.7, 9.8

United States 5.6.2.1, 10.1.1, 10.2.1, 10.2.2.4, 10.2.3, 10.3, 10.6, 10.10, 10.12.2, 10.13.2.1, 10.14, 10.15

judgments

Australia 2.6.4, 2.6.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.9

Brazil 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.7, 3.8, 3.9

China 4.1.3, 4.1.4, 4.3.2, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

Germany 5.3.1, 5.4.1, 5.4.2.1.2, 5.4.3.1, 5.4.3.2, 5.4.3.4, 5.6.2, 5.6.9, 5.6.10, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9

India 6.2.2, 6.6.6, 6.7, 6.8

Japan 7.1.4.3, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

Korea (Republic of) 8.2.2, 8.3.1, 8.4.2.10, 8.5.3.1, 8.6.11, 8.8

United Kingdom 9.6.149.6.15, 9.7, 9.8.3, 9.9.5, 9.9.10

United States 10.2.2, 10.2.3, 10.6.6, 10.6.9, 10.6.10, 10.6.13.3, 10.6.13.4, 10.9, 10.12.2, 10.12.2.9, 10.12.2.11.4, 10.13.2.1, 10.15

see also appeals; Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

judicial institutions

Australia 2.2, 2.3

Brazil 3.1.1, 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.9, 3.11, 3.12

China 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

European Patent Office (EPO) 10.2.1, 11.211.6

Germany 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11

India 6.1, 6.2.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.9, 6.11

Japan 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7, 7.8

Korea (Republic of) 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8

United Kingdom 9.1, 9.3, 9.5, 9.8

United States 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6.3, 10.10, 10.12, 10.14, 10.15

judicial patent proceedings

Australia 2.1.1, 2.2, 2.3, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 2.10

Brazil 3.1.1, 3.1.2, 3.1.4, 3.2.4, 3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 3.11, 3.12

China 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 4.9

European Patent Office (EPO) 10.2.1, 11.211.6

Germany 5.1, 5.2, 5.3, 5.4, 5.6, 5.7, 5.8, 5.9, 5.10, 5.11

India 6.1, 6.2.2, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 6.10, 6.11

Japan 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5, 7.6, 7.7

Korea (Republic of) 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8

remote-trial videoconferencing techniques 2.6.3, 2.6.10, 4.1.5, 4.6, 5.6.9, 6.6.7, 7.2.4.1.4, 9.6.13, 9.9.1.3, 9.9.5.1, 9.9.9, 11.6.2, 11.6.8.1, 11.6.8.4

United Kingdom 5.6.1, 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.5, 9.6, 9.79.8

United States 5.6.1, 5.6.3.3, 10.1, 10.2, 10.3, 10.4, 10.5, 10.6, 10.10, 10.12, 10.13, 10.14, 10.15

jury trials

Japan 7.3

Korea (Republic of) 8.3.1.1

United States 10.3.2, 10.6, 10.6.10.2, 10.6.13, 10.13.2.1.4, 10.15

see also trials

Korea (Republic of) 3.1.6, 4.1.3.5, 8.18.9

abuse of rights 8.5.3

adjudications 8.4.2

administrative litigation 8.3.1.3, 8.4.2, 8.6.9

administrative patent review proceedings 8.2, 8.3.1.1, 8.4.1

Advanced Institute of Science and Technology 8.3.1.4

affidavits of witnesses 8.4.2.6, 8.6.6

alternative dispute resolution (ADR) 8.6.11

appeals 8.1.1, 8.2, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.4.1.2, 8.4.2.2, 8.4.2.9, 8.4.2.10, 8.6.2, 8.6.6, 8.8, 8.9.2.3, 8.9.6

arbitration 8.6.11, 8.6.11.4

attorneys 8.3.2.3, 8.4.2.6, 8.6

bankruptcy issues 8.3.1.1

bifurcation (separate trials) ground rules 8.3.1.3

burden of proof 8.5.2.4, 8.5.3, 8.6.1

case management 8.6.4

certificate of contested validity 8.2.2

China 4.1.3.5

civil courts and judges 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8, 8.9

civil remedies 8.3.1.2, 8.3.2, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7

claim construction 8.3.2, 8.4.2, 8.5.1, 8.7.3.2

compulsory licenses 8.5.3.5

confidentiality issues 8.6.7.6.2.2, 8.6.9, 8.9

counterclaims 8.5.3, 8.6.3

court-appointed scientific advisers/experts 8.6.5, 8.6.7, 8.6.8

criminal proceedings 8.3.1, 8.3.2.1, 8.5, 8.6.9.2, 8.6.11, 8.9

damages 8.5, 8.6.1, 8.6.2.2.2, 8.6.3, 8.7, 8.7.4

defenses 8.5.2, 8.5.3, 8.6, 8.7.3

destruction orders 8.7.3

direct patent infringements 8.5, 8.9

disclosures 8.6.7, 8.6.9, 8.6.11, 8.7.3

district courts 8.2, 8.3, 8.6, 8.8, 8.9

doctrine of equivalents 8.5.2.3, 8.9.4.1

document submission orders 8.6.7.4, 8.6.9.3

documentary evidence 8.6.7, 8.6.9

drawings 8.5.1.2, 8.6.3, 8.6.8

early case management (preparatory proceedings) 8.6.4

education/training provisions 8.3.2.3, 8.3.3, 8.4.2.6, 8.6.8

Electronic Case Filing System (ECFS) 8.6.1.2

employee inventions 8.6.1, 8.7

enforcement of concentrated jurisdiction 8.3.1.3

English law influences 8.3.1.1

enhanced/additional damages 8.7.4.2.6

evidence 8.2.2.2, 8.4.2, 8.5.1, 8.6, 8.8

evidence preservation orders 8.6.7.5

ex parte proceedings 8.2.2, 8.4.2.3, 8.4.2.5

examinations 8.3.1.4, 8.4.1, 8.4.2.5, 8.4.2.7, 8.6

exhaustion principle 8.5.3.4

experiments 8.7.2

expert evidence/witnesses 8.4.2.6, 8.6.5, 8.6.7, 8.9

first-sale exhaustion doctrine 8.5.3.4

first-to-file rule 8.5.3.1

fraud 8.9

free-to-exploit technology 8.5.2.3, 8.5.3.2, 8.5.3.3

goodwill/reputation civil remedies 8.7

hearings 8.2.2, 8.4.2.6, 8.4.2.7, 8.6.1, 8.6.3, 8.6.5, 8.6.6, 8.6.7, 8.6.10, 8.6.11, 8.8, 8.9.4, 8.6, 8.6.10, 8.9.4

High Courts 8.3, 8.8

importation prohibitions 8.5.2.4

imprisonment for patent infringements 8.9, 8.9.2, 8.9.5

in camera (private) reviews 8.6.9

indirect patent infringements 8.5.2.4, 8.9.4.1

injunctions 8.3.1.2, 8.3.1.3, 8.3.2, 8.5, 8.6.1, 8.6.2.1.3, 8.6.2.2.3, 8.6.6, 8.7

Intellectual Property Trial and Appeal Board (IPTAB) 8.2, 8.3.1, 8.4.1, 8.4.2, 8.5.3.1, 8.8.1, 8.9

inter partes proceedings 8.2.2, 8.4.2.1, 8.4.2.5

international divisions 8.3.2.2

inventive step 8.1.1, 8.5.1.1, 8.5.3.1, 8.6.3

judges 8.2.2, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.4.2.6, 8.4.2.10, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8, 8.9

judgments 8.2.2, 8.3.1, 8.4.2.10, 8.5.3.1, 8.6.11

judicial institutions 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8

judicial patent proceedings 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6, 8.8

Judicial Research and Training Institute 8.3.3

jurisdiction by court level 8.6.2.3, 8.9.2.3

jury trials 8.3.1.1

known technologies 8.5.2.3, 8.5.3.2, 8.5.3.3

languages used 8.3.2.2, 8.6.8

licenses 8.5, 8.7.4.2

litigation procedures for revocation suits 8.4.2.6

lost-profits damages calculation method 8.7.4.2

material submission orders 8.6.7.4.2, 8.6.9.3

mediation 8.6.11

mutatis mutandis application 8.4.1, 8.4.2.1

negligence/wilfulness tort claims 8.7.4

non bis in idem principle 8.2.2.2

nonexclusive licenses 8.5

novelty 8.5.1.1, 8.5.3.1

opposition proceedings 8.2.2, 8.4.2, 8.5.3, 8.6

overview 8.1, 8.3.1

parallel examinations 8.4.2.7

patent amendments 8.2, 8.5.3.1

patent applications 3.1.6, 8.1, 8.2, 8.4.1, 8.4.2, 8.5.1

Patent Bureau 8.1, 8.2

Patent Bureau Appellate Tribunal 8.1.1, 8.2, 8.3.1.4

Patent Bureau Tribunal 8.1.1, 8.2, 8.3.1.4

patent case types 8.3.1.2

Patent Court 8.1, 8.2, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.4.1, 8.4.2, 8.6.2, 8.6.11.3.4, 8.8, 8.9.3.2

patent infringements 8.1, 8.3.1, 8.4.2.6.6, 8.4.2.7, 8.5, 8.6, 8.7, 8.9

patent institutions 8.1, 8.2, 8.3.1.4, 8.4.1, 8.4.2, 8.5.1, 8.8

patent invalidity 8.1, 8.2, 8.3.1, 8.4, 8.5.1, 8.5.3, 8.6.3

patent monopolies 8.5

patent revocations 8.2, 8.3.1, 8.3.2, 8.4

permanent injunctions 8.7.3

pleas 8.2.2.3, 8.4.2.8

police officers 8.9.3

preliminary injunctions 8.3.1.3, 8.3.2, 8.6.1, 8.6.2.1.3, 8.6.6

preparatory proceedings 8.4.2.6.3, 8.6.4, 8.6.5

pretrial 8.6.11

prior art 8.4.2.6.4, 8.5.2.3, 8.5.3, 8.6.3

product descriptions 8.5.1.2, 8.5.2, 8.5.3, 8.6.3, 8.6.8

prosecutors’ office 8.9.3

reasonable royalties 8.6.1, 8.6.2, 8.6.7.6, 8.7.2, 8.7.4.2

reduced damages 8.7.4.2.4

reexamination procedures 8.2.2

Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership 4.1.3.5

responding to claims 8.4.2.6, 8.5.2, 8.5.3, 8.6

royalties 8.6.1, 8.6.2, 8.6.7.6, 8.7.2, 8.7.4.2

scope-of-protection/claims relationship 8.5.1, 8.5.2, 8.6.1, 8.9.4.1

search and seizure remedies 8.7.3, 8.9.5

sentences for patent infringements 8.9.5

settlements 8.6.11

specialized IP judiciary 8.3.2

specialized patent judges 8.3.2.3

statements of case 8.5.2, 8.6.3

subject matter jurisdiction 8.6.2.2, 8.9.2

Supreme Court 8.1, 8.2.2.1, 8.3, 8.4.1.2, 8.4.2.1, 8.4.2.5, 8.4.2.9, 8.5.3, 8.6.2.3, 8.6.11, 8.7.2, 8.8.2, 8.9.2.3, 8.9.4, 8.9.6

term/expiration times 3.1.6, 8.6.1

territorial jurisdiction 8.6.2.1, 8.9.2, 8.9.3

time limits for proceedings 8.2.2, 8.4.2, 8.6

tort law 8.7.4

trade secrets 8.6.7.4.2, 8.6.9

transferred cases 8.6.2.1.2, 8.9.3.4

trials 8.2, 8.3, 8.4.2, 8.6, 8.9.4

United Kingdom 8.3.1.1

United States 8.1, 8.4.2, 8.6.1, 8.6.7

utility 8.6.7.4, 8.6.7.6.2, 8.7.2

venue, jurisdiction and case assignment rules 8.2.2, 8.3.1, 8.4.1, 8.6.2

video files 8.6.8

witnesses 8.4.2.6, 8.6.5, 8.6.6, 8.6.7, 8.9

see also Table of Cases and Table of Laws and Regulations

Korea Trade Commission 8.4.2

Korean Intellectual Property Office (KIPO) (formerly the Patent Bureau) 8.1, 8.2, 8.3.1.4, 8.4.2, 8.5.1, 8.6.7.6.2, 8.9.3

languages used

Boards of Appeal of the European Patent Office (EPO) 11.6.8.3

Brazil 3.2.2