This element requires the Panel to consider two issues: f irst, whether the
Complainant has rights in a relevant mark; and second, whether the disputed domain name is identical or
confusingly similar to that mark.
...page 3
The Panel f inds that the Complainant has established this f irst element under the Policy.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
The Panel evaluates this element of the Policy by f irst considering whether the Complainant has made a
prima facie showing that the Respondent lacks rights or legitimate interests in respect of the disputed domain
name. ...
2026-04-09 - Case Details
They include:
(i) United States trade mark registration no. 946,030 for FANNIE MAE in class 36 with a registration date
of October 24, 1972; and
(ii) European Union trade mark registration no. 000097634 for FANNIE MAE as a word mark in classes
16, 25 and 36 and with a registration date of March 13, 1998.
4.3 The Complainant promotes its activities f rom a website operating f rom the domain name
. The Complainant’s website currently features among other things a sof tware tool under
the name the Condo Project Manager that enables lenders to certify a condominium project that meets the
Complainant’s eligibility requirements for federal f inancing. ...WIPO Overview 3.0, section 1.8.
6.5 The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
6.6 For reasons that are set out in the context of its assessment of bad faith, the Panel is satisfied that the
Domain Name was registered and held with knowledge of the Complainant’s marks and business, and with
the intention that it would be used for a website that purported to provide information related to the
Complainant and its business, for f inancial gain.
6.7 The Panel is f rankly sceptical as to the Complainant’s claims that the information that is to be found on
the website is currently “proprietary and confidential”. ...
2025-04-28 - Case Details
There is no evidence of
the Respondent having made demonstrable preparations to use the disputed domain name in connection
with a bona f ide offer of goods or services. The Respondent’s non-use of the disputed domain name does
not support a f inding of the Respondent having made any legitimate noncommercial or fair use of the
disputed domain name.
...There is no evidence that the Respondent, a former employee of the
Complainant, is commonly known by the name “P5D” nor that he has rights in this mark. The Panel f inds
that the composition of the disputed domain name creates a risk of implied af f iliation with the Complainant.
...
2025-04-16 - Case Details
Although the addition of the word “router” may bear on assessment of the second and third elements, the
Panel f inds the addition of such letters does not prevent a f inding of confusing similarity between the
Disputed Domain Name and the mark for the purposes of the Policy. WIPO Overview 3.0, section 1.8.
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate
rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...
2025-07-01 - Case Details
The f raudulent offer of employment purported to originate with an actual of f icer of
Complainant. With respect to the deceptive email and f raudulent of fer letter provided by Complainant as
evidenced, the targeted prospective employee eventually detected Respondent’s intended deception.
5. ...Although the addition of other terms, here “hr”, may bear on assessment of the second and third elements,
the Panel f inds the addition of such term does not prevent a f inding of confusing similarity between the
disputed domain name and the mark for the purposes of the Policy. ...
2023-12-21 - Case Details
Factual Background
The Complainant is part of the Virgin Group, whose businesses span a diverse range of sectors including
music, entertainment, travel, telecommunications, f inancial services, health, and wellness. The business
was founded by well-known entrepreneur, Sir Richard Branson, and now has over 50 million customers
worldwide, employing more than 60,000 people across f ive business sectors and f ive continents.
...The Complainant submits that this use was not only unauthorized, but also
f raudulent, in that it was made in order to acquire personal details f rom Internet users with a view to
defrauding consumers. ...
2023-10-05 - Case Details
page 4
Accordingly, based on the record, the Panel f inds that it is more likely than not that the disputed domain
names are subject to common control, and the consolidation is procedurally efficient, fair and equitable to the
Parties.
...Therefore, based on the available record, the Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been
established.
C. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate
rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...
2023-10-12 - Case Details
Although the addition of other terms here, “brass” and “co” may bear on assessment of the second and third
elements, the Panel f inds the addition of such terms does not prevent a f inding of confusing similarity
between the disputed domain name and the mark for the purposes of the Policy. WIPO Overview 3.0,
section 1.8.
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate
rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...
2025-12-23 - Case Details
The disputed domain name was registered on December 8, 2024 (Annex 1 to the Complaint). At the time of
f iling the Complaint the disputed domain name redirected to the Complainant’s of f icial website under the
domain name (Annex 5 to the Complaint) and there are active Mail Exchange (“MX”) records for
the disputed domain name (Annex 6 to the Complaint).
5. ...WIPO Overview 3.1,
section 1.11.1.
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate
rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...
2026-04-10 - Case Details
Paragraph 14(b) of the Rules provides that, in the absence of exceptional
circumstances, the panel shall draw such inferences as it considers appropriate f rom a failure of a party to
comply with a provision or requirement of the Rules. The Panel f inds that in this case there are no such
exceptional circumstances.
...As the disputed domain name resolves to a website which of fers the Complainant’s smoke-f ree nicotine
products for sale and for which the Complainant's ZYN trademark and product images are used, the Panel
f irst needs to decide if the Respondent (could have) made a bona f ide of fering of goods via the disputed
domain name and if the Oki Data criteria, which panels commonly apply in matters of resale, were met.
...
2025-12-05 - Case Details
Although the addition of other terms (here, “systems fall protection”) may bear on assessment of the second
and third elements, the Panel f inds the addition of such terms does not prevent a f inding of confusing
similarity between the disputed domain name and the mark for the purposes of the Policy. WIPO Overview
3.0, section 1.8.
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/overview3.0/
https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/overview3.0/
https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/overview3.0/
https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/overview3.0/
https://www.wipo.int/amc/en/domains/search/overview3.0/
page 4
B. ...
2024-07-03 - Case Details
In addition to that, Panels have found that the non-use of a domain name would not prevent a finding of bad
faith under the doctrine of passive holding. Having reviewed the available record, the Panel f inds the non-
use of the disputed domain name does not prevent a f inding of bad faith in the circumstances of this
proceeding. ...Having reviewed the available record, the Panel notes the distinctiveness and reputation of the
Complainant’s trademark, and the composition of the disputed domain name, and f inds that in the
circumstances of this case the passive holding of the disputed domain name does not prevent a f inding of
bad faith under the Policy.
...
2024-01-04 - Case Details
The gTLD
is a technical requirement of registration and is not normally considered to have legal significance in applying
paragraph 4(a)(i). 1
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
1WIPO Overview 3.0, section 1.11.
...That is clear from her action
in pointing the disputed domain name to the Complainant’s (legitimate) website, and f rom her actions in
passing herself off as the Complainant in the phony employment email correspondence and copying the
ESSITY f igurative mark on the letterhead of the “employment of fer letter”. ...
2025-08-18 - Case Details
The of fering for sale of counterfeit goods also supports a f inding of bad faith.
Prior to the filing of the Complaint, the Complainant’s representative instructed its private investigator to
make a controlled buy f rom the website at the disputed domain name . ...The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the respondent may demonstrate rights
or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...
2024-05-22 - Case Details
The Complainant f iled a f irst amended Complaint on February 1, 2025.
On February 1, 2025, the Complainant requested that the disputed domain names ,
and , be added to the proceeding. ...While the addition of other terms like “cricket”, “rich” or numbers like “4”, “5”, “7” or “9” may bear on
assessment of the second and third elements, the Panel f inds the addition of terms does not prevent a
f inding of confusing similarity between the disputed domain names and the mark for the purposes of the
Policy. ...
2025-04-04 - Case Details
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate
rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...The fact that the Respondent did not respond to the Complaint further supports this f inding of bad faith.
The Panel f inds the third element of the Policy has been established.
...
2025-06-05 - Case Details
WIPO
Overview 3.0, section 1.11.
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate
rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...Panels have found that the non-use of a domain name
(including a blank or “coming soon” page) would not prevent a f inding of bad faith under the doctrine of
passive holding. Having reviewed the available record, the Panel finds the current non-use of the disputed
domain name does not prevent a f inding of bad faith in the circumstances of this proceeding. ...
2024-01-25 - Case Details
The Respondent is not
af f iliated with the Complainant but the disclaimer on the website is hidden and does not clearly state this.
...WIPO Overview
3.0, section 1.8.
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which the Respondent may demonstrate
rights or legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...
2025-08-07 - Case Details
Although the addition of other terms here, the words “is” and “us,” may bear on assessment of the second
and third elements, the Panel f inds the addition of such terms does not prevent a f inding of confusing
similarity between the disputed domain name and the mark for the purposes of the Policy. WIPO Overview
3.0, section 1.8.
The Panel f inds the f irst element of the Policy has been established.
B. Rights or Legitimate Interests
Paragraph 4(c) of the Policy provides a list of circumstances in which Respondent may demonstrate rights or
legitimate interests in a disputed domain name.
...
2026-01-29 - Case Details
Having reviewed the submissions, the Panel granted the Complainants leave to f ile a
Supplemental Filing in response to the Response. The Complainants ’ Supplemental Filing was f iled on
March 31, 2026.
4. ...D2021-0698 concerned the domain name and various semi-f igurative trademarks containing the words EUROMILLIONS MY
MILLION. F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG v. Macalve e-dominios S.A., WIPO Case No. ...
2026-04-22 - Case Details