No. 105 – August 2012 PLANT VARIETY PROTECTION GAZETTE AND NEWSLETTER
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Ordinance on the Procedure of Examination of Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability
of New Plant Varieties for the Purpose of Granting a Plant Breeder's Right and
Registration of Varieties of May 10, 20114
(adoption date: May 10, 2011; entry into force: June 11, 2011)
THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE, FISHERIES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT 1373
Pursuant to Article 18, paragraph 6 of the Plant Variety Protection Act (Official Gazette 131/97,
62/00 and 67/08), the Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Rural Development hereby issues
the
ORDINANCE
ON THE PROCEDURE OF EXAMINATION OF DISTINCTNESS, UNIFORMITY
AND STABILITY OF NEW PLANT VARIETIES FOR THE PURPOSE
OF GRANTING A PLANT BREEDER'S RIGHT AND
REGISTRATION OF VARIETIES
I. GENERAL INFORMATION
Article 1
This Ordinance laws down the procedure and the way of examining distinctness, uniformity
and stability (hereinafter: DUS) of new plant varieties for the purpose of granting a plant
breeder's right and registration of varieties, as well as the time limits for the delivery of
propagating material (seed or seedlings) necessary for carrying out the DUS testing.
II. EXAMINING PROCEDURE
Article 2
(1) The DUS testing procedure for a new plant variety includes examining of varieties in the
field trial and laboratory, which is carried out according to procedures and methods that are in
compliance with the general and technical guides in force of the International Convention for
the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (hereinafter: UPOV Convention) and/or the
Community Plant Variety Office (hereinafter: CPVO).
(2) The DUS testing of new plant varieties in the field trial and laboratory shall be carried out
by the Croatian Centre for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, the Institute for Seed and
Seedlings (hereinafter: the Croatian Centre) or competent institution (hereinafter: examiner)
determined by the Croatian Centre, in accordance with the UPOV or CPVO technical guides for
each species.
(3) The Croatian Centre may also entrust the conduct of DUS testing of a new plant variety to
an examiner outside the Republic of Croatia in the country which signed international
agreements and conventions that the Republic of Croatia has also signed and became a party
in, but only in the cases where the DUS examiner of a new plant variety has already been
appointed by the competent office for the protection of new plant varieties in that country. In
such cases, the Croatian Centre shall previously establish whether agro-ecological conditions in
the country where testing is to be carried out are comparable with agro-ecological conditions in
the Republic of Croatia.
(4) Mutual obligations, rights and the mode of cooperation between the Croatian Centre and
the examiner shall be determined in a contract.
4 Translation provided by the Croatian Authorities.
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(5) The Croatian Centre shall submit to the examiner a copy of technical questionnaire and a
request for the conduct of DUS testing.
Article 3
(1) Where the Croatian Centre is not in possibility to designate in respect of a new plant
variety the DUS examiner in the Republic of Croatia or in the UPOV Convention signatory state,
then, on request by the Croatian Centre, the applicant himself or the person authorised by him
shall organise the DUS testing of a new plant variety.
(2) In absence of both practical experience in DUS testing for a certain species and technical
guide in some other country, the Croatian Centre shall prepare a technical guidelines for DUS
testing of a new plant variety in accordance with the principles set out in the general guide.
The Croatian Centre shall inform UPOV and CPVO respectively on prepared technical guides,
publish the same and issue an approval of the examiner, before DUS testing of a new variety.
Article 4
(1) The Croatian Centre shall provide the applicant with information on the DUS examiner, the
necessary quantity and quality of seed or seedling material for DUS testing, the address for
delivery of the material and the deadline for delivery.
The applicant shall ensure all necessary documentation in cases where the testing is to be
carried out outside the Republic of Croatia.
(2) In cases where the right of a priority has been claimed, and the first application for the
grant of a plant breeder's right in the country of first application has been rejected or
withdrawn, the seed or seedling material for DUS testing shall be delivered within six months
for agricultural plants, or within one year for trees and grape vine, claimed from the day of
rejection or withdrawing in the country of first application.
Article 5
Seed and seedling material for DUS testing shall be delivered untreated, unless the institution
in charge of the testing so requests or authorises its treatment. In cases where the mentioned
treatment has been carried out, information thereof must be provided.
Article 6
(1) The minimum duration of DUS testing new plant varieties in field trials shall be two years
or two independent growing cycles. Where appropriate, this testing period can be extended for
additional years for the purpose of determining uniformity and/or stability of the tested
variety.
(2) DUS testing shall be normally conducted at one trial place. However, it can be conducted at
more than one trial place in the following cases: minimisation of the total testing period, a
reserve trial location, different agro-climatic conditions, additional tests and the DUS testing on
the basis of information for the same characteristic which was tested at different trial places.
(3) The trial for DUS testing includes new plant varieties (hereinafter: candidate varieties) and
variety reference collections. Candidate variety is compared with other candidate varieties and
the varieties in reference collection for the purpose of determining distinctness.
(4) Reference collection comprises:
1. varieties grown in the Republic of Croatia,
2. other varieties of common knowledge grown in comparable geographical areas,
3. similar varieties stated by the applicant,
4. in the case of hybrids, all parental lines of common knowledge,
5. other varieties under testing,
6. example varieties from UPOV or CPVO technical guide.
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Article 7
(1) A variety is defined by its characteristics and those characteristics present a basis for DUS
testing. DUS testing determines the characteristics of a new plant variety (specified in
technical guides) which are relevant for examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability,
without taking into consideration the characteristics for economic importance.
(2) After the first year of testing, the examiner shall provide a preliminary report on the results
of testing the distinctness, uniformity and stability and possible problems in performing the
trial. The Preliminary Report form (PI-DUS) is printed along with this Ordinance and forms an
integral part thereof.
(3) After the testing has been concluded (after the second year), the Croatian Centre shall
produce a final report on the examination of the distinctness, uniformity and stability, based on
the UPOV or CPVO model. If the report is positive, it shall contain a description of the variety
in the form of an annex. The Final Report form (I-DUS) is printed along with this Ordinance
and forms and integral part thereof.
(4) Having performed the DUS testing, the examiner shall submit without delay the reports
and variety description to the Croatian Centre in the cases where the Croatian Centre itself has
not been the examiner.
III. THE DUS TESTING METHOD
Article 8
(1) The DUS testing method of new plant varieties is based on visual assessment and
measuring of certain characteristics of a variety.
(2) Due to environmental influences which, to a greater or lesser degree can modify the
expression of genetically conditioned qualitative and quantitative characteristics, as a general
rule, those characteristics which can be the least influenced by the environmental factors shall
be determined.
(3) UPOV or CPVO technical guides for individual species or for plant variety groupings contain
the tables with mandatory and additional characteristics, the states of expression of
characteristics, the growth stages for assessing the characteristics, the manner of assessing
the characteristics and the plant variety samples for each state of expression of individual
characteristic.
(4) By way of a written proposal which includes an explanation, the applicant may also request
a determination of additional characteristics. The Croatian Centre shall decide whether
additional characteristics shall be determined and if so which of them shall be determined.
Article 9
Two varieties shall be deemed distinct if the difference between them:
– has been determined at least at one testing place,
– is clear, and
– consistent/stable.
Article 10
In the case of true qualitative characteristics, the distinctness between two varieties is deemed
to be clear, if one or more characteristics show the expressions which fall within two different
states of expression in accordance with the technical guide. In the case of other qualitatively
observed characteristics in determining distinctness, a possible variation in the distinctness
between the varieties must be observed taking into account the year or testing place.
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Article 11
In the case of examination of distinctness for measured quantitative characteristics, the
difference between two varieties is deemed to be clear if the determined level of probability is
1% as the result of corresponding statistical method.
Article 12
(1) „Side-by-side“ visual comparison shall be used for determining clear distinctness of a
variety, which is based on direct visual comparison of the varieties which are insufficiently
different in the test.
(2) In the case of self-pollinated varieties and vegetatively propagated varieties, there is a
relatively small variation within the varieties and therefore a visual determination of
distinctness is adequate. On the other hand, in the case of cross-pollinated varieties and
certain types of hybrid varieties a determination of distinctness via a direct comparison
requires a special attention because a variation within the variety can be great.
Article 13
(1) The difference is deemed stable if it has the same sign in two subsequent, or in two out of
three growing cycles.
(2) For the purpose of confirmation of stability, this difference must re-appear in the next
testing, and the best way to do it is by means of a direct comparison. The number of cases
must ensure the same statistical probability of determined difference, which would have been
obtained by measuring that characteristic.
Article 14
If in the case of individually assessed characteristics the difference between two varieties is
clear, then a combination of information on such characteristics can be used for determination
of distinctness. In this case, the level of reliability must be comparable with the levels laid
down in Article 11, 12 and 13 of this Ordinance.
Article 15
The variety must be sufficiently uniform, having regard to the particular features which are the
consequence of characteristics of its propagation. For a variety to be deemed uniform, the
variation shown by the variety depending on breeding system and occurrence of atypical plants
caused by incidental mixing, mutations or other causes must be restricted to the necessary
level for an accurate description, determining of distinctness and ensuring stability. This
requires a certain tolerance in respect of the presence of atypical plants which shall show
difference depending on the propagation system.
Article 16
For vegetatively propagated varieties and self-pollinated varieties, the maximum permitted
number of atypical plants shall depend on the sample size as well as the plant species, and
shall be determined in UPOV or CPVO technical guides for DUS testing.
Article 17
Cross-pollinated, including synthetic, varieties demonstrate mostly a wider range of variation
within the variety when compared with the self-pollinated varieties and sometimes it is difficult
to distinguish atypical plants. Therefore it is not possible to define a fixed tolerance. Instead, a
limit of relative tolerance should be used when comparing them with already known
comparable varieties. The number of permitted atypical plants is determined for each variety
in UPOV or CPVO technical guides for DUS testing.
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Article 18
Single-cross hybrids are treated as mainly self-pollinated varieties referred to in Article 17 of
this Ordinance. Other hybrid categories are treated in connection with the plant species and
the method of breeding. The permitted variation for certain types of hybrids in connection with
the plant species and the breeding method are published in the UPOV or CPVO technical guides
for DUS testing.
Article 19
(1) Stability of a variety shall be determined by careful observation of maintaining the variety
in the forthcoming years of testing by comparing it with the first test year and with the sample
stored at the Croatian Centre. Stability of a variety shall be determined with a lower reliability
than distinctness or uniformity. In most cases, once the tested sample has demonstrated
uniformity, is material shall also be deemed stable.
2) Where necessary, stability can be determined by a parallel sowing of a new sample and the
sample stored at the Croatian Centre with the purpose of confirmation whether both samples
show the same characteristics.
Article 20
The Croatian Centre shall publish in its official gazette the numbers of transposed UPOV or
CPVO technical guides for DUS testing for each individual species, within 30 days at the latest
after the submission of the first application for the protection of the variety of the mentioned
plant species.
Article 21
On the date of entry into force of this Ordinance, the Ordinance on the procedure of
examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) of plant varieties for the purpose of
obtaining the plant breeder's right (Official Gazette 63/01) shall cease to have effect.
Article 22
This Ordinance shall enter into force on the eighth day after the day of its publication in the
Official Gazette.
Class: 011-02/11-01/96
Reg. No.: 525-02-1-0004/11-2
Zagreb, 10 May 2011
Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of Agriculture,
Fisheries and Rural Development
Petar Čobanković, m. p.
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PI-DUS Form
Preliminary Report on DUS testing
1. Registration number of the reporting office
2. Test requester
3. Registration number of the requester
4. The plant breeder’s designation
5. Date of submitting the request in the requester’s country
6. Applicant (name and address)
7. Representative or proxy (name and address)
8. Variety denomination, to which plant variety it belongs/Latin name
9. Species denomination, to which variety it belongs/Croatian name
10. Variety denomination
11. Plant breeder (name and address)
12. Test performer/examiner
13. Test area and place
14. Test time period
15. Date and place of issue of the previous report
16. GENERAL INFORMATION
a) Seed material of the variety was not submitted ( )
b) Seed material does not meet the requirements ( )
c) The test failed ( )
17. TEST RESULTS
a) No objections
b) Objections
18. Planned date of the final report on testing
19. Objection: This preliminary report has no prior influence to the final report.
20. Signature.
I-DUS Form
Report on DUS testing
1. Registration number of the reporting office
2. Test requester
3. Registration number of the requester
4. The plant breeder’s designation
5. Date of submitting the request in the requester’s country
6. Applicant (name and address)
7. Representative or proxy (name and address)
8. Variety denomination, to which plant variety it belongs/Latin name
9. Species denomination, to which variety it belongs/Croatian name
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10. Variety denomination
11. Plant breeder (name and address)
12. Test performer/examiner
13. Test area and place
14. Test time period
15. Date and place of issue of the report
16. DUS TESTING RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
(a) Report on distinctness
The variety
■ is clearly distinct from any other variety ()
■ is not clearly distinct from all varieties which are generally known to us ().
(b) Report on uniformity
The variety
■ is clearly uniform ()
■ is not clearly uniform ()
by respecting the particularities of sexual reproduction or vegetative propagation.
(c) Report on stability
The variety
■ is stable ()
■ is not stable ()
in essential characteristics.
If the result is positive, the variety description is to be attached to the report
17. Objections
18. Signature