1
English is not an official language of the Swiss Confederation. This translation is provided for information purposes only and has no legal force.
Federal Act on Administrative Procedure (Administrative Procedure Act, APA)1
of 20 December 1968 (Status as of 1 January 2017)
The Federal Assembly of the Swiss Confederation, on the basis of Article 103 of the Federal Constitution2,3 and having considered the Dispatch of the Federal Council dated 24 September 19654, decrees:
Section 1 Scope of Application and Definitions
Art. 1 1 This Act applies to the procedure in administrative matters that are to be dealt with by rulings of federal administrative authorities of first instance or on appeal. 2 Authorities in terms of paragraph 1 are:
a.5 the Federal Council, its departments, the Federal Chancellery and the services subordinate to it, and businesses, institutions and other public offices of the Federal Administration;
b.6 organs of the Federal Assembly and of the federal courts re- sponsible for rulings in the first instance and appeal decisions in accordance with the Public Officials Act of 30 June 19277;
AS 1969 737 1 Abbreviation added by Annex No II 3 of the Law Enforcement Authorities Act of
19 March 2010, in force since 1 Jan. 2011 (AS 2010 3267; BBl 2008 8125). 2 [BS 1 3]. This provision corresponds to Art. 177 para. 3 and 187 para. 1 let. d of the
Federal Constitution of 18 April 1999 (SR 101). 3 Amended by Annex No 2 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2000 on the General Provisions of
Social Insurance Law, in force since 1 Jan. 2003 (SR 830.1). 4 BBl 1965 II 1348 5 Amended by Sec. II of the Federal Act of 28 June 1972 on the Amendment of the Federal
Constitution relating to the Terms of Employment of Federal Personnel, in force since 1 Jan. 1973 (AS 1972 2435; BBl 1971 II 1914).
6 Amended by Annex Sec. 4 of the Federal Act of 8 Oct. 1999, in force since 1 Jan. 2000 (AS 2000 273 277; BBl 1999 4809 5979).
7 SR 172.221.10. Now the Federal Personnel Act of 24 March 2000 (SR 172.220.1).
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A. Scope of application I. Principle
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c. autonomous federal institutions or businesses; cbis.8 the Federal Administrative Court; d. the federal committees; e. other authorities or organisations outside the Federal Admin-
istration, provided they are issuing an ruling in fulfilment of the federal public law duties assigned to them.
3 Only Articles 3438 and 61 paragraphs 2 and 3 on the notification of rulings and Article 55 paragraphs 2 and 4 on the withdrawal of suspen- sive effect apply to the procedure of the cantonal authorities of final instance that issue rulings based on federal public law that are not final rulings. Article 97 of the Federal Act of 20 December 19469 on the Old-Age and Survivor’s Insurance relating to the withdrawal of the suspensive effect of appeals against rulings issued by the compensa- tion funds is reserved.10 11
Art. 2 1 Articles 12–19 and 30–33 do not apply to tax proceedings. 2 Articles 4–6, 10, 34, 35, 37 and 38 apply to the testing procedure in professional education and training examinations. 3 Articles 20–24 apply to the procedure in Compulsory Purchase Tribunals. 4 The procedure before the Federal Administrative Court is governed by this Act, unless the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 200512 provides otherwise.13
Art. 3 This Act does not apply to:
a. the procedures of authorities in terms of Article 1 paragraph 2 letter e if a direct appeal to a federal authority against their rul- ings is inadmissible;
b. in relation to federal personnel, the procedure in the first in- stance relating to the establishment of an employment relation- ship, to the promotion of federal personnel, and to employment
8 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
9 SR 831.10 10 Wording of sentence according to Annex No 2 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2000 on the
General Provisions of Social Insurance Law, in force since 1 Jan. 2003 (SR 830.1). 11 Amended by No II 7 of the Federal Act of 24 June 1977 (9 OASI Review), in force since
1 Jan. 1979 (AS 1978 391 419; BBl 1976 III 1). 12 SR 173.32 13 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
II. Exceptions 1. Partial application
2. Non- applicability
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related directives to federal personnel14 and the procedure for the authorisation of the prosecution of federal personnel;
c. administrative criminal proceedings and related criminal inves- tigation proceedings;
d.15 the procedure for the administration of military justice includ- ing the administration of military discipline, the procedure in military command matters in terms of Article 37 as well as the procedure in terms of Articles 38 and 39 of the Armed Forces Act of 3 February 199516,17 …18;
dbis.19 the procedure in social insurance matters, provided the Fed- eral Act of 6 October 200020 on the General Provisions of So- cial Insurance law is applicable;
e.21 the procedure for customs clearance; ebis.22 … f. proceedings in the first instance in other administrative mat-
ters, if due to their nature they must be dealt with by an imme- diately enforceable ruling.
Art. 4 Provisions of federal law that regulate a procedure in more detail apply provided that they are not contradictory to the provisions of this Act.
Art. 5 1 Rulings are decisions of the authorities in individual cases that are based on the public law of the Confederation and have as their subject matter the following:
14 Phrase according to No 2 of the Annex to the Federal Act of 19 Dec. 1986, in force since 1 July 1987 (AS 1987 932 939; BBl 1986 II 313).
15 Amended by No 1 of the Annex to the Federal Act of 22 June 1990, in force since 1 Jan. 1991 (AS 1990 1882 1892; BBl 1989 II 1194).
16 SR 510.10 17 Amended by Annex No 1 of the Armed Forces Act of 3 Feb. 1995, in force since 1 Jan.
1996 (SR 510.10). 18 Third lemma repealed by Annex No 1 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 2002, with effect from
1 Jan. 2004 (AS 2003 3957 3969; BBl 2002 858). 19 Inserted by Annex No 2 of the Federal Act of 6 Oct. 2000 on the General Provisions of
Social Security Law, in force since 1 Jan. 2003 (SR 830.1). 20 SR 830.1 21 Amended by Annex No 1 of the Customs Act of 18 March 2005, in force since 1 May
2007 (SR 631.0). 22 Inserted by Art. 26 of the Federal Decree of 7 Oct. 1983 on the Independent Complaints
Authority for Radio and Television [AS 1984 153]. Repealed by Annex No II 1 of the Federal Act of 24 March 2006 on Radio and Television, with effect from 1 April 2007 (SR 784.40).
III. Additional provisions
B. Definitions I. Rulings
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a. the establishment, amendment or withdrawal of rights or obli- gations;
b. a finding of the existence, non-existence or extent of rights or obligations;
c. the rejection of applications for the establishment, amendment, withdrawal or finding of rights or obligations, or the dismissal of such applications without entering into the substance of the case.
2 Rulings are also enforcement measures (Art. 41 para. 1 let. a and b), interim orders (Art. 45), decisions on objections (Art. 30 para. 2 let. b, 46 let. b, and 74 let. b), appeal decisions (Art. 61 and 70), decisions in a review (Art. 68) and on explanatory statements (Art. 69).23 3 Declarations made by authorities on the rejection or raising of claims that must be pursued by taking legal proceedings do not constitute rulings.
Art. 6 Parties are persons whose rights or obligations are intended to be affected by the ruling and other persons, organisations or authorities who have a legal remedy against the ruling.
Section 2 General Procedural Principles
Art. 7 1 The authority shall assess its jurisdiction ex officio. 2 The establishment of jurisdiction by agreement between the authority and the party is not permitted.
Art. 8 1 An authority that regards itself as not having jurisdiction shall refer the matter without delay to the competent authority. 2 If an authority regards its jurisdiction as doubtful, it shall immediate- ly enter into an exchange of views with the authority which it consid- ers to have jurisdiction.
Art. 9 1 An authority that regards itself as having jurisdiction shall confirm this in a ruling if a party contests its jurisdiction.
23 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
II. Parties
A. Jurisdiction I. Assessment
II. Referral and exchange of views
III. Disputes
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2 An authority that regards itself as not having jurisdiction shall issue a ruling that the matter is inadmissible if a party claims that it has juris- diction. 3 Jurisdictional conflicts between authorities, with the exception of jurisdictional conflicts with the Federal Supreme Court, the Federal Administrative Court or with cantonal authorities, shall be decided by the joint supervisory authority, or in the absence of such, the Federal Council.24
Art. 10 1 Persons who are responsible for preparing or issuing a ruling shall recuse themselves from the case, if they:
a. have a personal interest in the matter; b.25 are related to a party either by marriage or registered partner-
ship or by being the cohabitee of that party; bbis.26 are related to a party by blood or by marriage in a direct line
or collaterally to the third degree; c. are the representative of a party or if they have acted for a par-
ty in the same matter; d. could be regarded for other reasons as lacking impartiality in
the matter. 2 In the event of any dispute over withdrawal, the supervisory authori- ty shall decide, or if the dispute relates to the recusal of a member of a collegial authority, then the board shall decide in the absence of the member concerned.
Art. 11 1 At any stage in the procedure, a party may, if he is not required to act personally, be represented, or, provided the urgency of an official investigation does not preclude it, be assisted by legal counsel.28 2 The authority may require the representative to provide a written power of attorney.
24 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
25 Amended by Annex No 5 of the Same-Sex Partnerships Act of 18 June 2004, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (SR 211.231).
26 Inserted by Annex No 5 of the Same-Sex Partnerships Act of 18 June 2004, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (SR 211.231).
27 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb. 1992 (AS 1992 288; SR 173.110.0 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
28 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
B. Recusal
C. Representa- tion and legal assistance. In the general27
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3 As long as the party does not revoke the power of attorney, the authority shall address any communications to the representative.
Art. 11a29 1 If more than 20 parties appear in a case with joint or individual submissions in order to assert the same interests, the authority may demand that they appoint one or more representatives to act on their behalf in the procedure. 2 If this demand is not complied with within a reasonable period, then the authority shall itself appoint one or more representatives. 3 The provisions on the reimbursement of the representation costs in appeal proceedings are applicable in an analogous manner to the costs of such representation. The party against whom the submissions are directed must make a payment to account towards the costs of official representation if ordered to do so by the authority.
Art. 11b30 1 Parties who make an application in proceedings must indicate their place of residence or registered office to the authority. If they live abroad, they must indicate a domicile for service in Switzerland, unless international law permits the authority to serve notices in the state concerned by post. 2 The parties may also indicate an electronic mail address and declare that they consent to service by electronic mail. The Federal Council may provide that for electronic mail service further details of the parties are required.
Art. 12 The authority shall establish the facts of the case ex officio and obtain evidence by means of the following:
a. official documents; b. information from the parties; c. information or testimony from third parties; d. inspection; e. expert opinions.
29 Inserted by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb. 1992 (AS 1992 288; SR 173.110.0 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
30 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
II. Mandatory representation
III. Domicile for service
D. Establishing of the facts of the case I. Principles
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Art. 13 1 The parties are obliged to cooperate in establishing the facts of the case:
a. in proceedings that are initiated on their own application; b. in any other proceedings in which they make their own inde-
pendent applications; c. if they are subject to a more extensive duty to provide infor-
mation or duty of disclosure under another federal act. 1bis The cooperation obligation does not extend to the handover of items and documents used in communications between a party and his or her lawyer provided the lawyer is entitled to represent clients before the Swiss courts in accordance with the Lawyers Act of 23 June 200031.32 2 The authority shall not be required to consider an application in terms of paragraph 1 letter a or b if the parties refuse to provide the required and reasonable cooperation.
Art. 14 1 If it is not possible to establish the facts of the case sufficiently in any other way, the following authorities may order the examination of witnesses:
a. the Federal Council and its departments; b. the Federal Office of Justice33 of the Federal Department of
Justice and Police; c.34 the Federal Administrative Court; d.35 the competition authorities in terms of the Cartels Act of
6 October 199536. e.37 the Swiss Financial Market Supervisory Authority f.38 the Federal Audit Oversight Authority.
31 SR 935.61 32 Inserted by No I 2 of the Federal Act of 28 Sept. 2012 on the Amendment of Procedural
Provisions on Lawyers' Professional Secrecy, in force since 1 May 2013 (AS 2013 847; BBl 2011 8181).
33 Title according to unpublished Federal Council Decree of 19 Dec. 1997. 34 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 35 Inserted by Annex No 2 of the Cartels Act of 6 Oct. 1995, in force since 1 July 1996
(SR 251). 36 SR 251 37 Inserted by Annex No 2 of the Financial Market Supervision Act of 22 June 2007, in force
since 1 Jan. 2009 (SR 956.1). 38 Inserted by Annex No 1 of the Federal Act of 20 June 2014 (Consolidation of Oversight
through Audit Companies), in force since 1 Jan. 2015 (AS 2014 4073; BBl 2013 6857).
II. Cooperation by the parties
III. Examination of witnesses 1. Jurisdiction
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2 The authorities mentioned in paragraph 1 letters a, b, d and e shall instruct suitably qualified public official to examine the witnesses.39 3 The authorities mentioned in paragraph 1 letter a may authorise persons outside an authority that has been instructed to conduct an official investigation to examine the witnesses.
Art. 15 Everyone is obliged to testify.
Art. 16 1 The right to refuse to testify is governed by Article 42 paragraphs 1 and 3 of the Federal Act of 4 December 197440 on Federal Civil Pro- cedure (FCP). 1bis The mediator is entitled to refuse to testify on matters that have come to his attention in the course of his activities in terms of Article 33b.41 2 A person who has knowledge of a professional or trade secret in terms of Article 42 paragraph 2 FCP may the refuse to testify unless he is required to testify by another federal act. 3 …42
Art. 17 Any person who may be examined as a witness must also cooperate in the gathering of other evidence; in particular he must hand over any documents that are in his possession. Article 51a FCPA43 is re- served.44
Art. 18 1 The parties have the right to attend the examination of witnesses and to ask supplementary questions.
39 Amended by Annex No 2 of the Cartels Act of 6 Oct. 1995, in force since 1 July 1996 (SR 251).
40 SR 273 41 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 42 Repealed by No I 1 of the Federal Act of 23. June 2000 on the Amendment of Federal
Legislation in order to Guarantee the Protection of Journalistic Sources (AS 2001 118; BBl 1999 7966).
43 SR 273 44 Second sentence inserted by No I 2 of the Federal Act of 28 Sept. 2012 on the Amendment
of Procedural Provisions on Lawyers' Professional Secrecy, in force since 1 May (AS 2013 847; BBl 2011 8181).
2. Duty to testify
3. Right to refuse to testify
4. Other obligations of witnesses
5. Rights of the parties
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2 To safeguard essential public or private interests, the witnesses may be examined in the absence of the parties, who may also be refused the right to inspect the transcript of the examination. 3 If they are refused the right to inspect the transcript of the examina- tion, Article 28 applies.
Art. 19 Articles 37, 39–41 and 43–61 FCP45 also apply by analogy to the procedure for obtaining evidence; in place of the penalties that the FCP provides for defaulting parties or third parties, the penalties in Article 60 of this Act apply.
Art. 20 1 If a period is calculated in days and if notice thereof must be given to the parties, it begins to run from the day following that day on which notice is given. 2 If no notice need be given to the parties, the period begins on the day following the day on which it is triggered. 2bis A notice that may only be served against the signature of the ad- dressee or of another authorised person is deemed to have been served at the latest on the seventh day following the first unsuccessful attempt at service.46 3 If the last day of the period is a Saturday, a Sunday or a public holi- day recognised under federal or cantonal law, the period ends on the next working day. The law of the canton in which the party or its representative is resident or has its registered office is authoritative.47
Art. 21 1 Written submissions must be filed with the authority or consigned for delivery to Swiss Post49 or a Swiss diplomatic or consular mission at the latest on the last day of the period.
45 SR 273 46 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 47 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 48 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 49 Now Swiss Post
IV. Supplemen- tary provisions
E. Periods I. Calculation
II. Compliance 1. In General48
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1bis Written submissions to the Federal Institute of Intellectual Proper- ty50 may not be validly filed via a Swiss diplomatic or consular mis- sion.51 2 If the party files the submission in time but with an authority that is not competent, the period is deemed to have been complied with. 3 The period allowed for an advance payment to be made is complied with if the payment in favour of the authority is made in time to Swiss Post or if a postal or bank account in Switzerland is debited.52
Art. 21a53 1 Submissions may be sent to the authority electronically. 2 The submission must be furnished with a qualified electronic signa- ture of the party or its representative in accordance with the Federal Act of 18 March 201654 on Electronic Signatures. 3 For compliance with a deadline, the decisive time is that when the receipt was issued confirming that all procedural steps required of the party or its representative for transmission have been completed. 4 The Federal Council shall regulate:
a. the format of the submission and its accompanying documents; b. the form and method of transmission; c. the requirements by which documents may be re-submitted on
paper in the event of technical problems.
Art. 22 1 A statutory period may not be extended. 2 A period fixed by an authority may be extended where there are reasonable grounds provided the party requests the extension before expiry of the period.
50 Title according to unpublished Federal Council Decree of 19 Dec. 1997. This amendment has been taken into account throughout this Act.
51 Inserted by No II of the Federal Act of 17. Dec. 1976 on the Amendment of the Federal Act on Patents for Inventions, in force since 1 Jan. 1978 (AS 1977 1997 2026; BBl 1976 II 1).
52 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
53 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, (AS 2006 2197; BBl 2001 4202). Amended by Annex No II 1 of the Federal Act of 18 March 2016 on Electronic Signatures, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 4651; BBl 2014 1001).
54 SR 943.03
2. Electronic mail service
III. Extension
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Art. 22a55 1 Statutory or official periods that are stipulated in days do not run:
a. from the seventh day before Easter up to and including the seventh day after Easter;
b. from 15 July up to and including 15 August;
c.56 from 18 December up to and including 2 January. 2 Paragraph 1 does not apply in proceedings relating to the granting of suspensive effect and other precautionary measures.57
Art. 23 The authority that fixes a period shall at the same time indicate the consequences of the failure to comply with that period; in the event of non-compliance, only the consequences indicated shall apply.
Art. 24 1 If the applicant or his representative is prevented through no fault of his own from acting before the expiry of the period, the period shall be reinstated provided he requests the same stating the reasons therefor within 30 days of the discontinuation of the impediment and carries out the legal act required; Article 32 paragraph 2 is reserved.58 2 Paragraph 1 does not apply to periods that must be complied with in patent cases before the Federal Institute of Intellectual Property.59
Art. 25 1 The authority competent in the matter may, ex officio or on applica- tion, issue a declaratory ruling on the existence, the non-existence or the extent of public law rights or obligations. 2 The application for a declaratory ruling must be granted if the appli- cant demonstrates an interest that is worthy of protection.
55 Inserted by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991 (AS 1992 288 337 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
56 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
57 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
58 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
59 Inserted by No II of the Federal Act of 17 Dec. 1976 on the Amendment of the Federal Act on Patents for Inventions, in force since 1 Jan. 1978 (AS 1977 1997 2026; BBl 1976 II 1).
IIIa Legal holidays
IV. Consequenc- es of non- compliance
V. Reinstatement
F. Declaratory procedure
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3 No party may be prejudiced by acting in justified reliance on a de- claratory ruling.
Art. 25a60 1 Any person who has an interest that is worthy of protection may request from the authority that is responsible for acts that are based on federal public law and which affect rights or obligations that it:
a. refrains from, discontinues or revokes unlawful acts; b. rectifies the consequences of unlawful acts; c. confirms the illegality of such acts.
2 The authority shall decide by way of a ruling.
Art. 26 1 The party or his representative has the right to inspect the following files relating to his case at the offices of the authority issuing the ruling or of a cantonal authority that it designates:
a. submissions from parties and the comments made thereon by the authorities;
b. any documents serving as evidence; c. copies of rulings already issued.
1bis The authority may make the documents available for inspection electronically provided the party or his representative is in agree- ment.61 2 The authority issuing the ruling may charge a fee for the inspection of the files of a case that has been concluded; the Federal Council shall regulate the assessment of the fee.
Art. 27 1 The authority may refuse to allow the inspection of the files only if:
a. essential public interests of the Confederation or the cantons, and in particular the internal or external security of the Con- federation, require that secrecy be preserved;
b. essential private interests, and in particular those of respond- ents, require that secrecy be preserved;
c. the interests of an official investigation that has not yet been concluded so requires.
60 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
61 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
Fbis. Ruling on real acts
G. Inspection of files I. Principles
II. Exceptions
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2 Any refusal to allow inspection may only extend to the documents that must remain confidential. 3 At no time may a party be refused the right to inspect his own sub- missions, the official documents he has submitted in evidence or rulings issued to him; he may be refused the right to inspect the tran- scripts of his own statements only if the investigation has not yet been concluded
Art. 28 If a party is refused the right to inspect a document, this document may be relied on to the prejudice of that party only if the party has been notified by the authority either verbally or in writing of the content of the document that is relevant to the case and the party has been given the opportunity to state his position on the document and to provide counter evidence.
Art. 29 The parties shall have the right to be heard.
Art. 30 1 The authority shall hear the parties before issuing a ruling. 2 It is not required to hear the parties before issuing:
a. interim orders that cannot be contested separately by appeal; b. rulings that are contestable by objection; c. rulings in which the authority grants the application of the par-
ties in full; d. enforcement measures; e. other rulings in proceedings of first instance if there is a risk in
any delay, the parties have the right to appeal against the ruling and no other provision of federal law guarantees the right to preliminary hearing.
Art. 30a63 1 If it is probable that a ruling will affect numerous persons or if it is not possible to identify all the parties without incurring unreasonable expense, the authority, before issuing its ruling, may publish the appli-
62 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb. 1992 (AS 1992 288 337 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
63 Inserted by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb. 1992 (AS 1992 288 337 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
III. Relevance of secret documents
H. Right to be heard I. Principle
II. Preliminary hearing 1. General62
2. Special opposition procedure
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cation or the intended ruling without stating the grounds in an official gazette while at the same time making the application or the intended ruling with the grounds therefor available for public inspection, giving notice of where it may be inspected. 2 It shall hear the parties, by allowing them an appropriate period to file their opposition. 3 The authority shall give notice in its publication of the obligation of the parties to appoint an agent where necessary and to pay procedural costs and legal costs.
Art. 31 In a case where several parties have conflicting interests, the authority shall hear each party on the arguments of a respondent that appear to be relevant and that do not exclusively favour the other parties.
Art. 32 1 The authority shall assess before it issues a ruling all arguments of the parties that are relevant and filed in time. 2 Arguments filed late by the parties that appear to be crucial may be considered despite the delay.
Art. 33 1 The authority shall admit the evidence offered if it appears reliable for determining the facts of the case. 2 If taking the evidence entails comparatively high costs, and if the party will be liable for costs if the ruling is not in his favour, the au- thority may make the taking of evidence dependent on the party mak- ing an advance payment, within a specific period, of the costs that may reasonably be incurred; a party without financial means shall be ex- empted from the obligation to make advance payment.
Art. 33a64 1 The proceedings shall be conducted in one of the four official lan- guages, and normally in the language in which the parties have filed or would file their applications. 2 In appeal proceedings, the language of the contested decision is decisive. If the parties use a different official language, the proceed- ings may be conducted in this language.
64 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
III. Hearing for the respondent
IV. Examination of the arguments of the parties
V. Evidence
Hbis. Language of the proceed- ings
Federal Act
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3 If a party files official documents that are not in an official language, the authority may with the consent of the other parties waive the requirement of a translation. 4 If necessary, the authority shall order a translation to be obtained.
Art. 33b65 1 The authority may suspend the proceedings with the consent of the parties in order that the parties may agree on the content of the ruling. The agreement should state that the parties waive their right of appeal and how the parties intend to allocate the costs. 2 In order to encourage an agreement, the authority may appoint a neutral and suitably qualified natural person to be a mediator. 3 The mediator shall be bound only by the law and his mandate from the authority. He may take evidence; for inspections, reports from experts and the examination of witnesses, he shall require prior author- isation from the authority. 4 The authority shall make the agreement the content of its ruling, unless the agreement is defective in terms of Article 49. 5 If an agreement is reached, the authority shall not charge any proce- dural fees. If no agreement is reached, the authority may dispense with imposing the costs of mediation on the parties, provided the interests involved justify this. 6 A party may at any time request that the suspension of the proceed- ings be revoked.
Art. 34 1 The authority shall notify the parties of its rulings in writing. 1bis With the consent of the party, notification of a ruling may be given by electronic means. The ruling must carry an electronic signature in accordance with the Federal Act of 18 March 201666 on Electronic Signatures. The Federal Council shall regulate:
a. the form of signature to be used; b. the format of the ruling and its accompanying documents; c. the form and method of transmission;
65 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005(AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). Amended by Annex No II 1 of the Federal Act of 18 March 2016 on Electronic Signatures, in force since 1 Jan. 2017.
66 SR 943.03
Hter. Amicable agreement and mediation
J. Notification I. Requirement of writing 1. Principle
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d. the time at which notification is deemed to have been given.67 2 The authority may verbally notify the parties present of interim orders, but it must confirm the ruling to them in writing if any party requests this at the time; the period allowed for applying for legal remedies in this case begins from the time of written confirmation.68
Art. 35 1 Written rulings must, even if the authority issues them in the form of a letter, be designated as such, must state the grounds on which they are based and contain instructions on legal remedies. 2 The instructions on legal remedies must indicate the ordinary reme- dies, the competent authority and the period for applying for legal remedies. 3 The authority may dispense with stating the grounds for the ruling and providing instructions on legal remedies if it grants the applica- tions of the parties in full and no party requests that the grounds be stated.
Art. 36 The authority may notify its rulings by publication in an official ga- zette:69
a. to any party whose place of residence is unknown and who has no contactable representative;
b.70 to any party who resides abroad and has no contactable repre- sentative provided service at their place of residence is impos- sible or if the party, in contravention of Article 11b paragraph 1, has failed to indicate a domicile for service in Switzerland;
c.71 in any case with numerous parties; d.72 in any case which the identification of all the parties would en-
tail unreasonable expense.
67 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, (AS 2006 2197; BBl 2001 4202). Amended by Annex No II 1 of the Federal Act of 18 March 2016 on Electronic Signatures, in force since 1 Jan. 2017 (AS 2016 4651; BBl 2014 1001).
68 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
69 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb. 1992 (AS 1992 288 337 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
70 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
71 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb. 1992 (AS 1992 288 337 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
72 Inserted by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb.. 1992 (AS 1992 288 337 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
2. Statement of grounds and instructions on legal remedies
II. Official publication
Federal Act
17
172.021
Art. 3773
Art. 38 No party may be prejudiced by a defect in the notification procedure.
Art. 39 The authority may enforce its rulings provided:
a. the ruling may no longer be contested through legal remedies; b. the ruling may still be contested, but the permitted legal reme-
dy does not have a suspensive effect; c. the suspensive effect of the legal remedy has been revoked.
Art. 4074
Rulings on the payment of money or the provision of security must be enforced by means of debt collection proceedings in accordance with the Federal Act of 11 April 188975 on Debt Collection and Bankrupt- cy.
Art. 41 1 In order to enforce other rulings, the authority shall take the follow- ing measures:
a. substitute performance by the authority issuing the ruling itself or by a third party instructed at the expense of the party liable; the costs must be determined by special ruling;
b. direct enforcement against the party liable in person or against his property;
c. prosecution in the event that another federal act provides for a penalty;
d. prosecution for contempt under Article 292 of the Criminal Code76 if no other criminal law provision applies.
2 Before the authority takes any enforcement measure, it shall give notice thereof to the party liable and allow him a suitable period in which to comply, indicating the statutory penalties in the cases re- ferred to in paragraph 1 letters c and d.
73 Repealed by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, with effect from 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
74 Amended by Annex No 1 of the Federal Act of 16. Dec. 1994, in force since 1 Jan. 1997 (AS 1995 1227 1307; BBl 1991 III 1).
75 SR 281.1 76 SR 311.0
III. …
IV. Defective notification
K. Enforcement I. Requirements
II. Enforcement measures 1. Debt collec- tion procedures
2. Other enforcement measures
Administrative Procedure
18
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3 In the cases referred to in paragraph 1 letters a and b, it may dispense with giving notice of the enforcement measure and allowing a period for compliance if there is a risk in any delay.
Art. 42 The authority must not use a more rigorous enforcement measure than the circumstances require.
Art. 43 The cantons shall provide the federal authorities with mutual assis- tance in enforcing rulings.
Section 3 Appeal Procedure in General
Art. 44 Any ruling shall be subject to an appeal.
Art. 4578 1 An appeal is permitted against separately notified interim orders on jurisdiction and on requests for recusal. 2 These rulings may not be contested at a later date.
Art. 4679 1 An appeal is permitted against other separately notified interim orders:
a. if they may cause a non-redressable prejudice; or b. if granting the appeal would immediately bring about a final
decision and thus would obviate significant expenditure in time or money in prolonged evidentiary proceedings.
2 If an appeal under paragraph 1 is not permitted or if such right of appeal has not been exercised, the interim orders concerned shall be contestable by appeal against the final ruling, provided they have an effect on the content of the final ruling.
77 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
78 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
79 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
3. Proportio- nality
III. Mutual assistance
A. Principle77
B. Appeal against interim orders I. Interim orders on jurisdiction and recusal
II. Other interim orders
Federal Act
19
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Art. 46a80
An appeal may be filed against the unlawful refusal of or delay in issuing a contestable ruling.
Art. 47 1 The appellate authorities are:
a. the Federal Council under Articles 72 ff.; b.81 the Federal Administrative Court under Articles 31–34 of the
Administrative Court Act of 17 June 200582; c.83 other authorities that are designated as appellate authorities by
a federal act; d.84 the supervisory authority if an appeal to the Federal Adminis-
trative Court is incompetent and federal law does not designate any other appellate authority.
2 If an appellate authority not responsible for the final decision has issued an instruction in an individual case that a lower instance should decide or has issued that instance with instructions on the content of that decision, the ruling must be referred directly to the next highest appellate authority; attention must be drawn to the foregoing in the instructions on legal remedies.85 3 …86 4 Instructions that an appellate authority issues if it decides in the case and refers the same back to the lower instance are not regarded as instructions within the meaning of paragraph 2.
80 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
81 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
82 SR 173.32 83 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 84 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 85 Amended by Art. 67 of the Administration Organisation Act of 19 Sept. 1978, in force
since 1 June 1979 [AS 1979 114]. 86 Repealed by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, with
effect from 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
Bbis. Denial of justice and unjustified delay
C. Appellate authorities
Administrative Procedure
20
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Art. 47a87
Art. 4888 1 A right of appeal shall be accorded to anyone who:
a. has participated or has been refused the opportunity to partici- pate in proceedings before the lower instance;
b. has been specifically affected by the contested ruling; and c. has a interest that is worthy of protection in the revocation or
amendment of the ruling. 2 Persons, organisations and authorities who are granted a right of appeal by another federal act shall also be entitled to appeal.
Art. 49 In the appeal, the appellant may contend that:
a. there has been a violation of federal law including the exceed- ing or abuse of discretionary powers;
b. there has been an incorrect or incomplete determination of the legally relevant facts of the case;
c. the ruling is inadequate; a plea of inadequacy is inadmissible if a cantonal authority has ruled as the appellate authority.
Art. 5089 1 The appeal must be filed within 30 days of notification of the ruling. 2 An appeal may be filed at any time against the unlawful refusal of or delay in issuing a ruling.
Art. 5190
87 Inserted by Annex No 1 of the Government and Administration Organisation Act (SR 172.010). Repealed by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, with effect from 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
88 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
89 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
90 Repealed by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, with effect from 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
D. Locus standi
E. Grounds of appeal
F. Period for filing an appeal
G. Appeal petition I. …
Federal Act
21
172.021
Art. 52 1 The appeal petition must contain the application, the grounds of appeal with details of the evidence and the signature of the appellant or his agent; the official copy of the contested ruling and documents cited as evidence must be attached, provided they are in the appellant’s possession. 2 If the appeal fails to satisfy these requirements, or if the application made by the appellant or the grounds therefor lack the required clarity but the appeal is not clearly inadmissible, the appellate authority shall grant the appellant a short additional period to revise the appeal peti- tion. 3 It shall at the same time notify the appellant that if there is not re- sponse within the additional period, it shall decide on the basis of the case files or in the absence of an application, grounds or a signature, to declare the appeal inadmissible.
Art. 53 If the unusual complexity or special difficulty of an appeal case so requires, the appellate authority shall grant an appellant who so re- quests in his otherwise properly filed appeal a suitable additional period within which to supplement his grounds of appeal; in such cases, Article 32 paragraph 2 does not apply.
Art. 54 The right to deal with the case that is the subject of the ruling being contested on appeal is assigned to the appellate authority when the appeal is filed.
Art. 55 1 An appeal shall have a suspensive effect. 2 If the ruling does not relate to the payment of money, the lower instance may revoke the suspensive effect of any appeal in its ruling; once the appeal has been filed, the appellate authority, its president or the instructing judge has the same power.91 3 The appellate authority, its president or the instructing judge may reinstate the suspensive effect revoked by the lower instance; an appli-
91 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
II. Content and form
III. Supplemen- tary appeal petition
H. Other procedural rules prior to the appeal decision I. Principle
II. Precautionary measures 1. Suspensive effect
Administrative Procedure
22
172.021
cation for the reinstatement of the suspensive effect must be decided immediately.92 4 If the suspensive effect is revoked arbitrarily or an application for the reinstatement of the suspensive effect is arbitrarily not granted or granted late, the public corporation or autonomous institution on whose behalf the authority has issued the ruling shall be liable for any loss or damage incurred thereby. 5 The provisions of other federal acts under which an appeal does not have a suspensive effect are reserved.93
Art. 5694
Once the appeal has been filed, the appellate authority, its president or the instructing judge may take other precautionary measures ex officio or in response to an application by a party, in ruling to preserve the current situation or to temporarily safeguard interests that are at risk.
Art. 57 1 The appellate authority shall immediately notify the lower instance and any respondents or other parties involved of any appeal that is not fundamentally inadmissible or groundless, allow them a period within which to respond and at the same time request the lower instance to produce its case files.95 2 It may invite the parties to exchange written submissions at any stage of the proceedings or arrange a oral debate with them.
Art. 58 1 The lower instance may reconsider its contested ruling at any time prior to making a formal response to the appeal. 2 It shall notify the parties immediately of any new ruling and inform the appellate authority of the same. 3 The appellate authority shall proceed with the appeal unless it is rendered groundless by the new ruling of the lower instance; Article 57 applies if the new ruling is based on facts that are substantially different or creates a legal position that is substantially different.
92 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
93 Inserted by No 5 of the Annex to the Insurance Supervision Act of 23 June 1978, in force since 1 Jan. 1979 [AS 1978 1836].
94 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
95 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
2. Other measures
III. Exchange of written submis- sions
IV. New ruling
Federal Act
23
172.021
Art. 59 The appellate authority may not appoint persons to hear the appeal who serve the lower instance or who participated in the drafting of the contested ruling; if the contested ruling is based on an instruction from the appellate authority, Article 47 paragraphs 2–4 also apply.
Art. 6096 1 The appellate authority may issue a reprimand to or impose a disci- plinary fine of up to 500 francs on parties or their representatives who offend against the propriety or disrupt the conduct of the proceedings. 2 In cases of vexatious or irresponsible litigation, the party and his representative may be issued with disciplinary fine of up to 1000 francs or of up to 3000 francs in the event of reoffending. 3 The person presiding over a hearing may have persons who refuse to comply with his instructions removed from the room and may impose a disciplinary fine of up to 500 francs.
Art. 61 1 The appellate authority shall itself make the decision in the case or in exceptional cases shall refer the case back to the lower instance and issue binding instructions. 2 The appeal decision shall contain a summary of the relevant facts of the case, a statement of the grounds for the decision and the operative part of the decision. 3 Notification of the decision must be given to the parties and the lower instance.
Art. 62 1 The appellate authority may amend the contested ruling in favour of a party. 2 It may amend the contested ruling to the prejudice of a party, provid- ed the ruling violates federal law or is based on an incorrect or incom- plete determination of the facts of the case; the contested ruling may not be amended to the prejudice of a party on the grounds that it is inadequate, other than in the case of an amendment in favour of a respondent. 3 If the appellate authority intends to amend the contested ruling to the prejudice of a party, it shall notify the party of this intention and allow him the opportunity to respond.
96 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
V. Recusal
VI. Procedural penalties
J. Appeal decision I. Content and form
II. Amendment of the contested ruling
Administrative Procedure
24
172.021
4 In no event do the grounds for the application bind the appellate authority.
Art. 63 1 In its judgment, the appellate authority shall normally impose the procedural costs, consisting of the authority's own fees, the registrar’s fees and cash outlays on the unsuccessful party. If the party is only partly unsuccessful, the procedural costs shall be reduced. In excep- tional cases, they may be remitted. 2 No procedural costs shall be imposed on lower instances or appellant federal authorities that are unsuccessful; persons other than federal authorities that file an appeal and are unsuccessful shall be required to pay procedural costs provided the dispute relates to the pecuniary interests of public corporations or autonomous institutions. 3 Procedural costs may only be imposed on a successful party if the costs were incurred through a violation of procedural duties. 4 The appellate authority, its president or the instructing judge shall obtain from the appellant an advance payment to cover costs equiva- lent to the expected level of the costs. The appellant must be allowed a suitable period within which to make payment, subject to the case being dismissed without entering into its substance in the event of non- payment. If there are special reasons, the advance payment to cover costs may be waived in full or in part.97 4bis The authority's own fees are governed by the extent and difficulty of the matter in dispute, the form of the proceedings and the financial circumstances of the parties. They shall amount to:
a. 100–5000 francs in non-pecuniary disputes; b. 100–50 000 francs in other disputes.98
5 The Federal Council shall regulate the details of the calculation of the fees.99 Article 16 paragraph 1 letter a of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005100 and Article 73 of the Law Enforcement Authorities Act of 19 March 2010101 are reserved.102
97 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
98 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
99 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
100 SR 173.32 101 SR 173.71 102 Second sentence amended by Annex No II 3 of the Law Enforcement Authorities Act of
19 March 2010, in force since 1 Jan. 2011 (AS 2010 3267; BBl 2008 8125).
III. Procedural costs
Federal Act
25
172.021
Art. 64 1 The appellate authority may award the successful party ex officio or on application a payment in respect of all or part of the costs that he has incurred that were reasonable and necessary. 2 The award shall be quantified in the decision and imposed on the public corporation or autonomous institute in whose name the lower instance issued its ruling, unless it may be imposed on an unsuccessful respondent. 3 It may be imposed on an unsuccessful respondent, depending on his ability to pay, provided the party participated in the proceedings by filing an independent application. 4 The public corporation or autonomous institution in whose name the lower instance issued its ruling shall be liable for the payment of an award imposed on an unsuccessful respondent in the event that it is found to be unrecoverable. 5 The Federal Council shall regulate the calculation of the award.103 Article 16 paragraph 1 letter a of the Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005104 and Article 73 of the Law Enforcement Authorities Act of 19 March 2010105 are reserved.106
Art. 65 1 After the appeal has been filed, the appellate authority, its president or the instructing judge shall on request relieve a party who does not have the required financial means of the requirement to pay procedural costs, unless his application appears to have no prospect of success.107 2 If it is necessary in order to safeguard his rights, the appellate author- ity, its president or the instructing judge shall appoint a lawyer to represent the party.108 3 The liability for the lawyer's costs and fees is determined in accord- ance with Article 64 paragraphs 2–4. 4 If the party later acquires sufficient financial means, he shall be required to reimburse the public corporation or autonomous institution that has paid the lawyer's fees and costs.
103 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197; BBl 2001 4202).
104 SR 173.32 105 SR 173.71 106 Second sentence amended by Annex No II 3 of the Law Enforcement Authorities Act of
19 March 2010, in force since 1 Jan. 2011 (AS 2010 3267; BBl 2008 8125). 107 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 108 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
IV. Reimburse- ment of repre- sentation costs
V. Legal aid
Administrative Procedure
26
172.021
5 The Federal Council shall regulate the assessment of fees and costs.109 Article 16 paragraph 1 letter a of the Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005110 and Article 73 of the Law Enforcement Au- thorities Act of 19 March 2010111 are reserved.112
Art. 66113 1 The appellate authority shall review their decision ex officio or on the application of a party if its has been influenced by a felony or misdemeanour. 2 It shall also review its decision on the application of a party if:
a. the party introduces relevant new facts or evidence; b. the party demonstrates that the appellate authority overlooked
relevant facts that were on record or specific applications; c. the party demonstrates that the appellate authority violated the
provisions of Articles 10, 59 or 76 on recusal, Articles 26–28 on the inspection of files or the Articles 29–33 on the right to be heard; or
d. the European Court of Human Rights has held in a final judg- ment that there has been a violation of the European Conven- tion on Human Rights of 4 November 1950114 or of the Proto- cols115 thereto, provided an award of damages is not sufficient to remedy the consequences of the violation and the review is necessary in ruling to redress the violation.
3 The grounds referred to in paragraph 2 letters a–c are not regarded as grounds for a review if the party had the opportunity to invoke them in the course of proceedings prior to the appeal decision, or by means of an appeal that he was entitled to bring against the appeal decision.
Art. 67 1 The application for a review must be filed with the appellate authori- ty within 90 days of becoming aware of the grounds for a review, but at the latest within 10 years of receipt of written notification of the appeal decision.116
109 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197; BBl 2001 4202).
110 SR 173.32 111 SR 173.71 112 Second sentence amended by Annex No II 3 of the Law Enforcement Authorities Act of
19 March 2010, in force since 1 Jan. 2011 (AS 2010 3267; BBl 2008 8125). 113 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 114 SR 0.101 115 SR 0.101.06/.093 116 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
K. Review I. Grounds
II. Application
Federal Act
27
172.021
1bis In the case referred to in Article 66 paragraph 2 letter d, the appli- cation for a review must be filed within 90 days of the relevant judg- ment of the European Court of Human Rights under Article 44 the European Convention on Human Rights of 4 November 1950117 taking full legal effect.118 2 If 10 years have elapsed since notification of the appeal decision, an application for a review is only admissible on the grounds cited in Article 66 paragraph 1. 3 The content, form, correction and amendment of the application for a review are governed by Articles 52 and 53; the statement of grounds must in particular indicate the grounds for the review and confirmation that the application for a review has been filed in time. This must also contain the application in the event that a new appeal decision is made.
Art. 68 1 If the appellate authority decides to admit the application for a re- view and if it regards the same as justified, it shall revoke the appeal decision and make a new decision. 2 Articles 56, 57 and 59–65 also apply to the consideration of the application for a review.
Art. 69 1 The appellate authority shall at the request of any party explain the appeal decision if there are any inconsistencies or contradictions in the operative part of the decision or between the operative part and the statement of grounds. 2 A new period for filing an appeal begins from the date of the explan- atory statement. 3 Typographical or arithmetical errors or administrative omissions that have no influence on the decision or on the essential content of the grounds may be corrected by the appellate authority at any time.
Art. 70119
117 SR 0.101 118 Inserted by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in
force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202). 119 Repealed by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, with
effect from 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
III. Decision
L. Explanatory statement
M. Special forms of appeal I. …
Administrative Procedure
28
172.021
Art. 71 1 Anyone may at any time report matters to the supervisory authority that require action to be taken ex officio in the public interest against an authority. 2 The person making the report does not have the rights of a party.
Section 4 Special Authorities120
Art. 71a–71d121
Art. 72122
An appeal to the Federal Council is admissible against: a. rulings relating to the internal and external security of the
country, neutrality, diplomatic protection and the other matters relating to external relations, unless international law confers the right to have the matter judged by a court;
b. first instance rulings on the performance-related element of the salaries of federal personnel.
Art. 73123
An appeal to the Federal Council is admissible against rulings: a. issued by the departments and the Federal Chancellery; b. issued by authorities of final instance of autonomous institutions
and of businesses of the Confederation; c. issued by cantonal authorities of final instance.
Art. 74124
120 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 1 Jan. 1994 (AS 1992 288, 1993 877 Art. 2 para. 1; BBl 1991 II 465).
121 Inserted by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991 (AS 1992 288, 1993 877 Art. 2 para. 1; BBl 1991 II 465). Repealed by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, with effect from 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
122 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
123 Repealed by No I 1 of the Federal Act of 8. Oct. 1999 on Procedural Amendments to the new Federal Constitution (AS 2000 416; BBl 1999 7922). Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
124 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
II. Complaint to a supervisory authority
A. …
B. Federal Council I. As appellate authority 1. Admissibility of the appeal a. Subject matter
b. Lower instances
c. Subsidiarity
Federal Act
29
172.021
An appeal to the Federal Council is inadmissible against rulings that may be contested by appeal to another federal authority or by objec- tion.
Art. 75 1 The Federal Department of Justice and Police shall conduct the appeal briefing procedure. 2 The Federal Council shall delegate the appeal briefing procedure in appeals against rulings of the Federal Department of Justice and Police to another department. 3 The briefing department shall submit its proposals to the Federal Council and shall exercise the powers held by the Federal Council as appellate authority until the decision is made.
Art. 76126 1 The member of the Federal Council against whose department the appeal is filed shall not participate in the decision of the Federal Coun- cil. 2 His department may participate in the proceedings before the Federal Council as if it were an appellant and also within the framework of the joint reporting procedure under Article 54 of the Administration Or- ganisation Act of 19 September 1978128. 3 If the joint reporting procedure leads to new factual or legal submis- sions being made, the appellant, any respondents or other parties involved must be heard on these submissions.
Art. 77 Articles 45–70 also apply.
125 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
126 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 15 Feb.. 1992 (AS 1992 288 337 Art. 2 para. 1 let. b; BBl 1991 II 465).
127 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
128 [AS 1979 114, 1983 170 931 Art. 59 No 2, 1985 699, 1987 226 No II 2 808, 1989 2116, 1990 3 Art. 1 1530 No II 1 1587 Art. 1, 1991 362 No I, 1992 2 Art. 1 288 Annex No 2 510 581 Annex No 2, 1993 1770, 1995 978 4093 Annex No 2 4362 Art. 1 5050 Annex No 1, 1996 546 Annex No 1 1486 1498 Annex No 1. AS 1997 2022 Art. 63]. See now the Government and Administration Organisation Act of 21 March 1997 (SR 172.010).
129 Amended by Annex No 10 of the Federal Administrative Court Act of 17 June 2005, in force since 1 Jan. 2007 (AS 2006 2197 1069; BBl 2001 4202).
2. Appeal briefing proce- dure125
3. Recusal127
4. Supplemen- tary procedural provisions129
Administrative Procedure
30
172.021
Art. 78 1 If the Federal Council issues a ruling as the sole or first instance, the department that is competent in the matter shall provide it with a proposal on the ruling. 2 The department shall exercise the powers held by the Federal Coun- cil until the ruling has been issued. 3 Articles 7–43 also apply.
Art. 79 1 An appeal to the Federal Assembly is admissible against appeal decisions and rulings if a federal act so provides.132 2 The appeal must be filed with the Federal Assembly within 30 days of notification of the appeal decision or the ruling. 3 The appeal shall have no suspensive effect unless a related provi- sional ruling has been issued by the Federal Council.
Section 5 Final and Transitional Provisions
Art. 80 On commencement of this Act, the following are repealed:
a. Article 23bis of the Federal Act of 26 March 1914133 on the Organisation of the Federal Administration;
b. Articles 124–134, 158 and 164 of the Federal Justice Act134;
130 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 1 Jan. 1994 (AS 1992 288, 1993 877 Art. 2 para. 1; BBl 1991 II 465).
131 Amended by Annex No 3 of the Federal Act of 4 Oct. 1991, in force since 1 Jan. 1994 (AS 1992 288, 1993 877 Art. 2 para. 1; BBl 1991 II 465).
132 Amended by No I 1 of the Federal Act of 8. Oct. 1999 on Procedural Amendments to the new Federal Constitution, in force since 1. March 2000 (AS 2000 416 418; BBl 1999 7922).
133 [BS 1 261. AS 1979 114 Art. 72 let. a] 134 [BS 3 531; AS 1948 485 Art. 86, 1955 871 Art. 118, 1959 902, 1969 767, 1977 237
No II 3 862 Art. 52 No 2 1323 No III, 1978 688 Art. 88 No 3 1450, 1979 42, 1980 31 No IV 1718 Art. 52 No 2 1819 Art. 12 para. 1, 1982 1676 Annex No 13, 1983 1886 Art. 36 No 1, 1986 926 Art. 59 No 1, 1987 226 No II 1 1665 No II, 1988 1776 Annex No II 1, 1989 504 Art. 33 let. a, 1990 938 No III para. 5, 1992 288, 1993 274 Art. 75 No 1 1945 Annex No 1, 1995 1227 Annex No 3 4093 Annex No 4, 1996 508 Art. 36 750 Art. 17 1445 Annex No 2 1498 Annex No 2, 1997 1155 Annex No 6 2465 Annex No 5, 1998 2847 Annex No 3 3033 Annex No 2, 1999 1118 Annex No 1 3071 No I 2, 2000 273 Annex No 6 416 No I 2 505 No I 1 2355 Annex No 1 2719, 2001 114 No I 4 894 Art. 40 No 3 1029 Art. 11 para. 2, 2002 863 Art. 35 1904 Art. 36 No 1 2767 No II 3988 Annex No 1, 2003 2133 Annex No 7 3543 Annex No II 4 let. a 4557 Annex No II 1, 2004 1985 Annex No II 1 4719 Annex No II 1, 2005 5685 Annex No 7. AS 2006 1205 Art. 131 para. 1]
II. As sole or first instance130
C. Federal Assembly131
A. Repeal and amendment of legislation
Federal Act
31
172.021
c. contradictory provisions of the federal law; supplementary provisions under Article 4 are reserved.
Art. 81 This Act does not apply to disputes before authorities of administrative justice at the time of its commencement and to appeals or objections against rulings issued before its commencement; in such cases, the previous provisions on procedure and provisions apply.
Art. 82 The Federal Council shall determine the date on which this Act comes into force.
Commencement date: 1 October 1969135
Final Provision of the Amendment of 18 March 1994136 The new law applies to all appeals that are filed with an appellate authority following the commencement of the Amendment of 18 March 1994.
Final Provision to the Amendment of 17 June 2005137 The Federal Council may for ten years following the commencement of the Amendment of 17 June 2005 limit the possibility of filing sub- missions electronically with authorities to proceedings before specific authorities.
135 Federal Council Decree of 10 Sept. 1969 (AS 1969 759) 136 AS 1994 1634 No I 8.2; BBl 1993 IV 293 137 AS 2006 2197 Annex No 10; BBl 2001 4202
B. Transitional provision
C. Commence- ment
Administrative Procedure
32
172.021