Regulatory is part of it but there’s more. The entire ecosystem is different – users, language, expectations, how you build and advertise a product and acquire users. Even assuming no regulatory issues, it’s hard to succeed. The US by default exports its products to developed countries so those products are standardized. But China has a good opportunity to get into the developing countries and regions which have similar demographics – such as south-east Asia, the Middle East, Africa and probably India and potentially South America. I think Chinese AI and mobile technologies will make some inroads internationally but probably not in developed countries. These countries probably account for two-thirds of the population of the world but only a tiny percentage of GDP – so short-term not worth a lot but long-term a lot.  I am predicting that down the road, Chinese built technologies have a good chance to penetrate half of the world. 

What technologies will be key to the commercial development of AI and scaling them up?

The cloud enables a company to not have to buy a lot of machines but to rely on a cloud-based solution. That helps start-ups get going and the US has a substantial lead. On top of that I think there is something we can call AI platforms – allowing non-AI experts to do AI. Many companies aspire to do that but no one has a complete solution yet. What made Mac, Android and Windows accessible to many users? They made development toolkits available so you can make applications without knowing the deep kernels. Clearly Google is in the lead and Google Cloud and TensorFlow is likely to become the default. Facebook is doing Facebook PyTorch that lowers the barrier to development. Amazon, Tencent, Alibaba and Baidu are all doing similar things to let non-AI experts and regular engineers inject AI into their regular applications. Whoever cracks that will have potentially a Windows or an Android.

There are many risks. One is if AI takes away all the entry-level jobs, how do people get to the higher jobs? How do we promote people in the future? There are other risks too, such as AI security – hacking into a phone and everything it controls.

AI is also a bunch of numbers that are undecipherable multiplied together in ways inexplicable to humans – if someone hacked in and changed a thousand numbers, how would people know? What would it cause? These are all questions that will need new ways of security. There are dystopians who worry that if you give AI a goal it will pursue that. I don’t really buy that as a threat to humans, as in most scenarios and known issues, human controls are behind the technologies. Most of AI’s impact is yet undiscovered and we will discover and hopefully solve most of the impacts, and be troubled by the new ones that keep coming up.

Comme l’arbitrage et la médiation, la procédure d’expertise autorise une certaine flexibilité. Le règlement de la procédure d’expertise de l’OMPI prévoit un cadre général dont les étapes principales sont les suivantes :
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