Research and Development (R&D) stands as a cornerstone of innovation, a true barometer of progress and creativity.
To close out 2024 on an inspiring note, the Global Innovation Index (GII) team has delved deep into a wealth of data from diverse sources to deliver the freshest insights on global R&D activity. These findings not only spotlight key global trends but also unveil unique country-specific narratives.
While many economies continue to grapple with the challenge of adequately funding their innovation ecosystems, the latest data carries an uplifting message: the momentum of innovation is alive and thriving across the globe.
Global R&D trends – How have global R&D levels and evolved?
Stylized Fact 1: Defying Challenges, Global R&D Has Tripled in real Terms Since 2000
Despite three major economic crises, a pandemic, and ongoing geopolitical tensions, global R&D in real terms has nearly tripled – from approximately USD 1 trillion in 2000 to over USD 2.75 trillion in 2023. (See Chart 1)
Chart 1: Global R&D, in USD trillion, 2000 VS 2023
Source: WIPO estimates based on GII Database and data from Eurostat, OECD, RICYT, and UNESCO UIS (see background information)
Stylized Fact 2: A Significantly More R&D-Intensive Global Economy Emerges
Despite rapid global GDP growth since 2000, the share of R&D in total GDP has increased from under 1.5% to nearly 2% by 2023. This reflects a significant shift toward a more R&D-driven global economy. With a world GDP of around USD 200 trillion in 2023, an 0.5% increase as share of GDP translates into a whooping additional USD 1 R&D trillion spent. (See Chart 2)