Global Innovation Index 2025

Acknowledgments

The Global Innovation Index 2025 was prepared under the general direction of Daren Tang, Director General, in WIPO's IP and Innovation Ecosystems Sector led by Marco Alemán, Assistant Director General, and in the Department of Economics and Data Analytics led by Carsten Fink, Chief Economist.

The report and rankings are produced by a core team managed by Sacha Wunsch-Vincent, Head of Section, comprising Vanessa Behrens, Mario Canales (both Project Managers), Lorena Rivera León, Senior Economist, and Jeff Slee, Data Scientist, from the WIPO Composite Indicator Research Section responsible for the GII, as well as Davide Bonaglia, Oriol Gisbert-Martí (GII Fellows), Bhanuka Kirinde, Consultant, and Claire Rousseau, Intern.

Soumitra Dutta (Portulans Institute), Bruno Lanvin (Descartes Institute for the Future), Lorena Rivera León (WIPO) and Sacha Wunsch-Vincent (WIPO) serve as co-editors of the GII.

The following WIPO colleagues provided substantive inputs to GII elaboration or dissemination: Kyle Bergquist, Ryan Lamb, Bruno Le Feuvre, Anmol Kaur Grewal and Hao Zhou, all from the Department for Economics and Data Analytics as well as colleagues from the External Relations Division, the Information and Digital Outreach Division, the IP and Innovation Ecosystems Sector, the Language Division, the News and Media Division, the Printing Plant, the Regional and National Development Sector, the WIPO Office in New York, and WIPO's External Offices.

A special thank you goes to our partners at the Portulans Institute; in particular, Rafael Escalona Reynoso, Mariam Chaduneli and Sylvie Antal for their contribution. We also thank the GII Advisory Committee, the GII Industry Association Network, Academic Network and the GII Data Collaborators for their participation, as well as the Competence Centre on Composite Indicators and Scoreboards (COIN) team from the European Commission's Joint Research Centre – led by Michaela Saisana – that conducted the statistical audit. The report was edited by Richard Cook, Andy Platts and James Cooke at Book Now Ltd. The GII interactive data website was developed by Pere Rovira and Víctor Pascual at OneTandem.

We are grateful to the following individuals and institutions for collaborating with data requests, and without whom the Index would not be what it is:

Africa: The Big Deal: Max Cuvellier Giacomelli

BloombergNEF: Evelina Stoikou

Brand Finance: Areeb Arshad, Annie Brown, Artur Bryzghalov, Annabella Garnham, David Haigh and Thulith Perera

CB Insights: Matthew Rados and Aaron Winkler

Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS), Leiden University: Robert Tijssen and Alfredo Yegros

Clarivate Analytics: Joseph Brightbill and Uwe Wendland

data.ai (a Sensor Tower Company): Donny Kristianto and Nan Lu

Division for Public Institutions and Digital Government (DPIDG) of the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)

Energy Institute: Ian Jones, Ololade Osifala and Sneha Thomas

European Commission Joint Research Centre: Alexandre Canario Borrega, Jaime Lagüera González, Alberto Guidi, Panagiotis Ravanos, Michaela Saisana and Oscar Smallenbroek from COIN; and Elisabeth Nindl

GitHub: Mike Linksvayer and Kevin Xu

Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM): Niels Bosma, Alicia Coduras and Aileen Ionescu-Somers

Growth Lab at Harvard University: Sebastian Bustos, Timothy Paul Cheston and Annie White

International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA): Mauro Carrara and Egor Titovich

International Energy Agency (IEA): Nicolas Coënt, Zuzana Dobrotkova, Aidan Kennedy, Taylor Morrison and Roberta Quadrelli

International Federation of Robotics (IFR): Susanne Bieller and Nina Kutzbach

International Labour Organization (ILO): Horacio Barría, David Bescond and Yves Perardel

International Monetary Fund (IMF): Berhe Mekonnen Beyene, Hector Carcel-Villanova, Esha Chhabra, Eric Roland Metreau, Andrea Quevedo and Miguel Segoviano

International Organization for Standardization (ISO): Laurent Charlet and Cristina Draghici

International Telecommunication Union (ITU): Nehal Desai, Thierry Geiger, Esperanza Magpantay, Nathan Menthon, Martin Schaaper and Daniel Vertesy

International Union of Railways (UIC): Michele Gesualdi and Bertrand Minary

IQVIA Institute for Human Data Science: Murray Aitken and Roland Alexander

LSEG Data & Analytics

Moody's Analytics: Renato Ferrigno, Kirill Katschura, Santhosh Metri and Sasha Uvarova

NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (NASA GISS): Reto Ruedy

National Institutes of Health: Kris Wetterstrand

Omdia: David Hancock

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD): Fernando Galindo-Rueda, Miyako Ikeda, Guillaume Kpodar, Daniel Sanchez-Serra and Fabien Verger

PitchBook Data, Inc.: Charlie Farber, Sydney Glander, Nalin Patel and Alexandra Watson

PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC): Kamlesh Balasubramanian and Shreeta Sen

QS Quacquarelli Symonds Ltd: Andrew MacFarlane and Samuel Wong

Red de Indicadores de Ciencia y Tecnología (RICYT): Rodolfo Barrere and Laura Trama

S&P Global Market Intelligence: Mohsen Bonakdarpour and Karen Campbell

SCImago: Félix de Moya Anegón

Statistics Netherlands: Klaas De Vries

The Conference Board: Erik Lundh and Dana Peterson

Times Higher Education: Phil Baty and Billy Wong

Trade Data Monitor LLC: C. Donald Brasher Jr., John Miller, Maria Vretenicic and Altan Yurdakul

TU Wien: Karl Rupp

UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS): Adolfo Gustavo Imhof, Olivier Labé, Oscar Milafu Onam, Rohan Pathirage, José Pessoa and Yanhong Zhang

United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO): Fernando Cantú Bazaldua

United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division

United Nations Public Administration Network (UNPAN)

World Bank: Parul Agarwal, Jean-François Arvis, Tony Fujs, Aart Kraay, Hiroko Maeda, Frederic Meunier, Florina Pirlea, Jorge Luis Rodriguez Meza, Rubena Sukaj, Daria Ulybina and Christina Wiederer

World Economic Forum: Ricky Li

World Federation of Exchanges: Mihaela Croitoru

World Health Organization (WHO): Richard Johnston

World Trade Organization (WTO): Barbara Carmelina D'Andrea Adrian, Shradha Bhatia, Yu Dayong, Monia Snoussi-Mimouni and Janvier Usanase

ZookNIC Inc: Matthew Zook