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Основной(ые) текст(ы) Основной(ые) текст(ы) Китайский 中华人民共和国反垄断法 (2007年8月30日第68号令,中华人民共和国主席颁布)         Английский Anti-Monopoly Law (promulgated by Order No. 68 of August 30, 2007, of the President of the People's Republic of China)        
 
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 Anti-Monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China

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Anti-monopoly Law

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Chapter I General Provisions

Article 1 This Law is enacted for the purpose of preventing and restraining monopolistic conducts, protecting fair competition in the market, enhancing economic efficiency, safeguarding the interests of consumers and the public interest and promoting the healthy development of the socialist market economy.

Article 2 This Law is applicable to monopolistic conducts in economic activities within the People’s Republic of China. This Law is applicable to conducts outside the territory of the People’s Republic of China if they eliminate or have restrictive effects on competition on the domestic market of the PRC.

Article 3 “Monopolistic conduct” is defined in this law as any of the following activities:

(i) monopolistic agreements among undertakings; (ii) abuse of a dominant market position by undertakings; (iii) concentration of undertakings that eliminates or restricts competition or might be eliminating or restricting competition;

Article 4 The State shall formulate and implement competition rules which in accordance with the socialist market economy and improve macroeconomic and advance a unified, open, competitive and orderly market system.

Article 5 Undertakings may concentrate if such conduct is in accordance with the law, achieved through fair competition and voluntary alliance and expands the scope of operation, and enhances competition ability.

Article 6 Undertakings with a dominant position shall be prohibited to abuse that dominant position to eliminate or restrict competition.

Article 7 Industries controlled by the State-owned economy and relied upon by the national economy and national security or industries implementing exclusive operation and sales in accordance with the law shall be protected by the State to conduct lawful operation by the undertakings. The State shall regulate and control the price of commodities and services provided by these undertakings and the operation of these undertakings so as to protect the interests of the consumer and facilitate technical progress. The undertakings mentioned above shall operate lawfully, honestly, faithfully, strictly self-disciplined, accepting public supervision and shall not use their dominant or exclusive positions to harm interests of consumers.

Article 8 Administrative agencies and organisations empowered by laws and regulations administer

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public issues shall be prohibited to abuse their administrative power to eliminate or restrict competition.

Article 9 The State Council establishes the Antimonopoly Commission, which in charge of organizing, coordinating, guiding antimonopoly works and performs the following tasks:

(i) researching and drafting related competition policies; (ii) organizing the investigation, assessing general competition status in the market and issuing assessment report; (iii) enacting and issuing the antimonopoly guidelines; (iv) coordinating antimonopoly enforcement works; (v) other tasks stipulated by the State Council.

The State Council stipulates the structure and protocol of the Antimonopoly Commission.

Article 10 The antimonopoly authorities are in charge of antimonopoly enforcement in accordance with this law. The antimonopoly authorities may authorise corresponding authorities at the provincial, autonomous region or directly municipality to in charge of antimonopoly enforcement activities in accordance this law, when needed.

Article 11 Association of undertakings should intensify the self-discipline of the industry, guide undertakings to lawfully compete and safeguard the competition order in the market.

Article 12 An “undertaking” in this law refers to a natural person, legal person, or other organization that engages in businesses of commodities or services. A “relevant market” in this law refers to the territorial area within which the undertakings compete against each other during a time period for relevant commodities or services (hereinafter “commodities” include services).

Chapter 2 Monopolistic Agreement

Article 13 Any of the following agreements among undertakings competing with each other are prohibited:

(i) fixing, or changing the price of products; (ii) limiting the output or sales of products; (iii) allocating the sales markets or the raw material purchasing markets; (iv) limiting the purchase of new technology or new facilities, or the development of new products or new technology; (v) jointly boycotting transactions; (vi) other monopolistic agreements identified by the antimonopoly authorities.

“Monopolistic agreement” in this law refers to agreements, decisions or concerted actions which eliminate or restrict competition.

Article 14 Any of the following agreements between an undertaking and a counterparty are prohibited:

(i) fixing the price for resale;

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(ii) restricting the lowest price for resale; (iii) other monopolistic agreement identified by the antimonopoly authorities.

Article 15 Agreements among undertakings with one of the following objectives shall be exempted from the application of article 13, 14 if:

(i) agreements made to improve technology, to research and develop new products. (ii) agreements made for the purpose of improving product quality, reducing cost, improving efficiency, unifying standards, norms or specialise; (iii) agreements made by small and medium-sized enterprises to improve operational efficiency and to enhance their competitiveness; (v) agreements made to cope with economic depression, to mitigate a serious decrease in sales volumes or excessive overstock; (iv) agreements made to achieve public interests, such as saving energy, protecting environment, relieving the victims of a disaster and so on; (vi) agreements made to maintain legitimate interest in the cooperation with foreign economic entities and foreign trade; (vii) other cases stipulated by laws and the State Council.

In case an agreement falls within the scope of (i) to (v), and therefore exempted from Article 13, 14, they shall also prove that the agreements allow consumers to share the benefits derived from the agreements and will not entirely eliminate the competition in relevant market.

Article 16 Association of undertakings shall be prohibited to organize undertakings to carry out monopolistic conducts being prohibited by this chapter.

Chapter 3 Abuse of a Dominant Market Position

Article 17 Undertakings with a dominant market position a prohibited to abuse their dominant market positions by carrying out following conducts:

(i) selling commodities at unfairly high prices or buying commodities at unfairly low prices; (ii) selling commodities at prices below cost without legitimate reasons; (iii) refusing to trade with counterparties without legitimate reasons; (iv) requiring its counterparty to trade exclusively with it or trade exclusively with the appointed undertakings without legitimate reasons; (v) tying products or imposing unreasonable conditions for trading without legitimate reasons; (vi) applying dissimilar prices or other transaction terms to equivalent counterparties; (vii) other conducts identified as abuse of a dominant position by antimonopoly authorities

“Dominant market position” in this law refers to the undertaking(s) having the ability to control the price, quantity or other trading conditions of products in relevant market, or to hinder or affect other undertakings to enter the relevant market.

Article 18 The following factors will be taken into consideration in finding dominant market position:

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(i) the market share in relevant market, and the competition situation of the relevant market; (ii) the ability to control the sales markets or the raw material purchasing markets; (iii) the financial status and technical conditions of the undertaking; (iv) the extent of the reliance on the undertaking during transactions by other undertakings; (v) the degree of difficulty for other undertakings to enter the relevant market; (vi) other factors relevant to find a dominant market position.

Article 19 Undertakings in any of the following situations can be assumed to have a dominant market position:

(i) the relevant market share of one undertaking accounts for 1/2 or above; (ii) the joint relevant market share of two undertakings accounts for 2/3 or above; (iii) the joint relevant market share of three undertakings accounts for 3/4 or above.

In the case that the circumstance of the undertakings fall under the conditions (ii) or (iii) and any of the undertakings has a market share of less than 10%, that undertaking shall not be considered to have dominant market position. Undertakings that are assumed to have a dominant market position shall not be considered to have a dominant market position if they can provide opposite evidence.

Chapter 4 Concentration of Undertakings

Article 20 A concentration refers to the following situations:

(i) the merger of undertakings; (ii) the acquisition by undertakings, whether by purchase of securities or assets, of control of other undertakings; (iii) the acquisition by contract or any other means, of control of other undertakings or of the ability to exercise decisive influence over other undertakings.

Article 21 Any concentration that falls under the notification criteria issued by the State Council must be notified in advance with the antimonopoly authorities. Without notification the concentration shall not be implemented.

Article 22 Undertakings may not file a concentration notification to the Antimonopoly authorities in any of the following situations:

(i) one undertaking which is a party to the concentration has the power to exercise more than half the voting rights of every other undertaking, whether of the equity or the asset; (ii) one undertaking which is not a party to the concentration has the power to exercise more than half the voting rights of every undertaking concerned, whether of the equity or the asset;

Article 23 Undertakings that notify a concentration in advance with the antimonopoly authorities, shall submit the following documents or materials:

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(i) a summary of the notification; (ii) a report on the effect on competition on the relevant market of the concentration; (iii) the concentration agreements; (iv) the financial reports and accounting reports, audited by an accounting firm, of the undertakings concerned in the previous accounting year; (v) other documents or materials required by the antimonopoly authorities.

The summary of the notification shall contain the name, residence, scope of business, expected date for concentrating and other items stipulated by antimonopoly authorities of the undertakings concerned.

Article 24 In case that the documents submitted by the notifying undertakings are incomplete, the undertakings concerned shall submit the rest of the documents and materials within a set period stipulated by antimonopoly authorities. The notification will be deemed not filed when the added documents and materials are not timely submitted.

Article 25 The antimonopoly authorities shall preliminarily review the notified concentration and shall decide whether to proceed with the review and notify the undertakings in written form within 30 days, calculated from the date of receipt of the complete filing documents and materials referred to in article 23 submitted by the undertakings. Before a decision is made by the antimonopoly authorities, the concentration shall be not be implemented. In case the antimonopoly authorities decide not to proceed with the review or do not decide before the expiry of the aforementioned period, the concentration may be implemented.

Article 26 If the antimonopoly authorities have decided to proceed with the review, they shall review and decide whether to prohibit the concentration and notify the undertakings in written form within 90 days, calculated from the date of the decision being taken. In case the concentration is prohibited, the reasons shall be explained. Within the review period the concentration shall be not be implemented. Under the following circumstances, the time limit stipulated in the first paragraph may be extended to by another 60 days after notifying the undertakings in written form:

(i) the undertakings concerned agree to extend the time limit; (ii) the documents or materials submitted are inaccurate and need verification; (iii) the relevant circumstances have significantly changed after notification by the undertakings.

In case the antimonopoly authorities have not decided in case of expiring of the period, the concentration may be implemented.

Article 27 The following factors shall be considered in the review of a concentration:

(i) the market share in the relevant market of the undertakings concerned and their controlling power over that market; (ii) the degree of concentration in the relevant market ; (iii) the influence over access to the market and technology development; (iv) the influence over consumers and other undertakings; (v) the influence over national economical development

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(vi) other factors that affect the competition being considered by the antimonopoly authorities.

Article 28 In case a concentration has or may have effect on eliminating or restricting competition, the antimonopoly authorities shall take decision of prohibition. However, the antimonopoly authorities may decide not to prohibit the concentration if the undertakings can prove either that the concentration bring more positive effect than negative effect on competition, or that the concentration is in harmony with public interests.

Article 29 The antimonopoly authorities shall make a decision of approval with restrictions and conditions where a concentration will reduce the negative effect on competition.

Article 30 The antimonopoly authorities shall announce the decisions of prohibition or conditional concentration to public.

Article 31 In case the acquisition of domestic enterprises by foreign investors or other manners to concentrate referred to national security, besides being reviewed according to this law, they shall be carried out national safety review according to relevant regulations.

Chapter 5 Abuse of Administrative Power to Eliminate or Restrict Competition

Article 32 Administrative agencies and organisations empowered by laws and regulations administer public issues shall not abuse their administrative powers by limiting, or limiting in a different form, organisations or persons to operate, purchase or use commodities of any undertakings designated by them.

Article 33 Administrative agencies and organisations empowered by laws and regulations administer public issues shall not abuse their administrative powers by implementing following conducts, to block regional commodity circulation:

(i) setting discriminatory charging items, carrying out discriminatory charging standards, or stipulating discriminatory prices for non-local commodities. (ii) stipulating different technical requisition or test standards on non-local commodities that are different from those on local like commodities, or taking discriminatory technical measures, such as repeated inspection or certification on commodities originating from other regions, so as to restrict the entry of commodities originating from other regions into the local market; (iii) creating administrative licensing procedure targeting non-local commodities to restrict the access of those commodities to the local market; (iv) creating burdens or other methods to limit the entry of non-local commodities or the exit of local commodities; (v) other conducts that block free regional commodity circulation.

Article 34 Administrative agencies and organisations empowered by laws and regulations administer public issues shall not abuse their administrative power to reject or restrict non-local undertakings by participating local bids activities through the manners that they create discriminatory quality requisitions,

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judge standards or not announce information in accordance with the law.

Article 35 Administrative agencies and organisations empowered by laws and regulations administer public issues shall not abuse their administrative power to reject or restrict non-local undertakings by establishing local branches through the use of unfair treatment by non-local undertakings.

Article 36 Administrative agencies and organisations empowered by laws and regulations administer public issues shall not abuse their administrative power to force undertakings to carry out monopolistic conducts under this law.

Article 37 Administrative agencies shall not abuse their administrative power to stipulate regulations that eliminate or restrict competition.

Chapter 6 Investigation of Suspected Monopolistic Conducts

Article 38 The antimonopoly authorities investigate suspected monopolistic conducts according to this law. Any organisation or person has the right to report a suspected monopolistic conduct to the antimonopoly authorities. The antimonopoly authorities should keep the secret of the reporter. The antimonopoly authorities shall conduct the necessary investigation if the report is submitted in written form and supplies relevant facts and evidences,.

Article 39 When conducting investigations, the antimonopoly authorities can take the following measures:

(i) conducting inspection at the premise or other relevant places of the undertakings being investigated; (ii) requesting the undertaking concerned, interested parties and other relevant organisations or persons being investigated to explain the relevant circumstances; (iii) examining, copying relevant documents and materials of the undertakings, interested parties and other relevant organisations or persons being investigated, such as certificates, agreements, accounting books, letters and telegraphs of business, electronic data and so on. (iv) sealing up or detaining relevant evidence; (v) inquiring after the bank account information of the undertakings concerned.

Before taking the measures stipulated above, it shall be reported in written form to the chef person in charge of the antimonopoly authorities, and be approved.

Article 40 When investigating the suspected monopolistic conducts by the antimonopoly authorities, the executors shall be not less than two persons, and they shall show the certificates of execution. The executors conducting inquiring and investigating, shall fabricate written notes which are signature by the inquired or investigated person.

Article 41 The antimonopoly authorities and their staffs shall be obliged to keep the secret which known in the execution.

Article 42 The undertakings concerned, interested parties or other relevant organizations or persons being investigated shall cooperate with the antimonopoly authorities shall not refuse or hinder the

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investigation of the antimonopoly authorities.

Article 43 The undertakings concerned, interested parties being investigated have the right to state opinions. The antimonopoly authorities shall verify the facts, reasons and proofs being given by undertakings concerned, interested parties being investigated.

Article 44 After investigation and verification of the suspected monopolistic conducts, the antimonopoly authorities shall take decisions according to law and publish it if they believe that monopolistic conduct was done.

Article 45 In case a suspected monopolistic conduct is investigated by the antimonopoly authorities, the antimonopoly authorities shall decide to suspend the investigation if the undertakings being investigated promise that they will conduct concrete measures to eliminate the negative effect of the monopolistic conducts within a time limit being acknowledged by the antimonopoly authorities. The decision to suspend the investigation should state the concrete measures of the promise. In case the antimonopoly authorities decide to suspend investigation, they shall supervision the implementation of the promise by the undertakings concerned. If the undertakings implement the promises, the antimonopoly authorities may decide to stop the investigation. The antimonopoly authorities shall regain the investigation under the following circumstances:

(i) the undertakings have not implement the promises; (ii) the fact being applied to suspend the investigation has significant changed. (iii) the decision to suspend the investigation is based on uncompleted or untruthful information being supplied by the undertakings.

Chapter 7 Legal Liabilities

Article 46 In case there exists monopolistic agreement and is implemented by the undertakings in violation of this law, the antimonopoly authorities shall order the undertakings to cease such act, the illegal gains shall be confiscated, and a fine between 1% and 10% of the turnover from the previous year shall be imposed; If the monopolistic agreement has not been implemented, a fine below 500,000 Yuan shall be imposed. If the undertakings report actively the circumstance of their monopoly agreement to the antimonopoly authorities and provide important evidences, the antimonopoly authorities shall reduce or remit the fines according to own judgement. In case the associations of operators organize undertakings of the industry to reach monopoly agreement in violation of this law, the antimonopoly authorities shall impose a fine below 500,000 Yuan; and if the circumstances are serious, the social organization register administrative department may rescind its registration.

Article 47 In case there exists an act abusing dominant market position by the undertakings in violation of this law, the antimonopoly authorities shall order the undertakings to cease such act, the illegal gains shall be confiscated, and a fine between 1% and 10% of the turnover from the previous year shall be imposed.

Article 48 In case the undertakings concentrate in violation of this law, the antimonopoly authorities shall order the undertakings to stop implementing concentration, dispose equities or assets in limited time,

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transfer the operation and conduct other necessary measures to regain the status before the concentration, a fine below 500,000 Yuan may be imposed.

Article 49 Referred to the fines of article 46, 47, 48 of this law, the antimonopoly authorities shall consider factors such as the nature, extent and duration of the violation, to decide concrete amount of fine.

Article 50 The undertakings that carry out monopolistic conduct of this law and cause losses to others shall bear civil liability.

Article 51 The administrative agencies and organizations empowered by laws and regulations to manage public affairs shall be ordered by the superior authorities to correct themselves if they abuse their administrative power to eliminate or restrict competition; people in direct charge and people directly involved shall be imposed administrative punishment. The antimonopoly authorities shall provide advice of legal settlement to their superior authorities according to law. This article shall not apply to cases in which other administrative regulations or laws provide for the regulation of the abuse of administrative power by the organizations authorized with administrative powers of public affairs by laws and regulations.

Article 52 In reviewing and investigating by the antimonopoly authorities, if the undertakings refuse to provide relevant materials and information, or provide incorrect materials and information, or remove, hide or destroy evidences, or other conducts to refuse or obstruct investigation, the antimonopoly authorities shall order the operators to cease such act, a fine below 20,000 Yuan may be imposed on individuals and a fine below 200,000 Yuan may be imposed on organization. If the circumstances are serious, a fine between 20,000 Yuan and 100,000 Yuan may be imposed on individuals and a fine between 200,000 Yuan and 1,000,000 Yuan may be imposed on organization; a criminal liability may be imposed if a violation of criminal law occurs.

Article 53 If the undertakings do not accept the decision made by the antimonopoly authorities according to article 28, 29 of this law, they could first apply for an administrative reconsideration; and if the undertakings still disagree with the decision of the administrative reconsideration, they could file a administrative lawsuit according to law. If the undertakings do not accept the decision made by the antimonopoly authorities besides the decisions stipulated by first paragraph, they could apply for an administrative reconsideration according to law or file administrative lawsuit.

Article 54 The officials of the antimonopoly authorities shall be given administrative sanctions if they abuse their official power, neglect their duties, engage in malpractices or irregularities, or disclose any trade secret obtained in their enforcement activities, and such officials shall also receive criminal liability if their actions constitute a crime.

Chapter 8 Supplementary Articles

Article 55 This law is not applicable to conducts by undertakings to implement their intellectual property rights in according with relevant IP laws and administrative regulations; however, this law is applicable to the conduct by undertakings to eliminate or restrict market competition by abusing intellectual property rights.

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Article 56 This law is not applicable to the alliance or concerted act in the producing, processing, selling, transporting or storing agricultural products by agricultural producers and rural economic organizations.

Article 57 This law is effective as of August 1, 2008

 
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《中华人民共和国反垄断法》

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目 录

第一章 总 则 第二章 垄断协议 第三章 滥用市场支配地位 第四章 经营者集中 第五章 滥用行政权力排除、限制竞争 第六章 对涉嫌垄断行为的调查 第七章 法律责任 第八章 附 则

第一章 总 则

第一条 为了预防和制止垄断行为,保护市场公平竞争,提高经济运行效率,维护消费者利益和社会公共利益,促进社会主义市场经济健康发展,制定本法。 第二条 中华人民共和国境内经济活动中的垄断行为,适用本法;中华人民共和国境外的垄断行为,对境内市场竞争产生排除、限制影响的,适用本法。 第三条 本法规定的垄断行为包括: (一)经营者达成垄断协议; (二)经营者滥用市场支配地位; (三)具有或者可能具有排除、限制竞争效果的经营者集中。 第四条 国家制定和实施与社会主义市场经济相适应的竞争规则,完善宏观调控,健全统一、开放、竞争、有序的市场体系。 第五条 经营者可以通过公平竞争、自愿联合,依法实施集中,扩大经营规模,提高市场竞争能力。 第六条 具有市场支配地位的经营者,不得滥用市场支配地位,排除、限制竞争。 第七条 国有经济占控制地位的关系国民经济命脉和国家安全的行业以及依法实行专营专卖的行业,国家对其经营者的合法经营活动予以保护,并对经营者的经营行为及其商品和服务的价格依法实施监管和调控,维护消费者利益,促进技术进步。 前款规定行业的经营者应当依法经营,诚实守信,严格自律,接受社会公众的监督,不得利用其控制地位或者专营专卖地位损害消费者利益。 第八条 行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织不得滥用行政权力,排除、限制竞争。 第九条 国务院设立反垄断委员会,负责组织、协调、指导反垄断工作,履行下列职责: (一)研究拟订有关竞争政策; (二)组织调查、评估市场总体竞争状况,发布评估报告; (三)制定、发布反垄断指南; (四)协调反垄断行政执法工作; (五)国务院规定的其他职责。 国务院反垄断委员会的组成和工作规则由国务院规定。 第十条 国务院规定的承担反垄断执法职责的机构(以下统称国务院反垄断执法机构)依照本法规定,负责反垄断执法工作。 国务院反垄断执法机构根据工作需要,可以授权省、自治区、直辖市人民政府相应的机构,依照本法规定负责有关反垄断执法工作。 第十一条 行业协会应当加强行业自律,引导本行业的经营者依法竞争,维护市场竞争秩序。 第十二条 本法所称经营者,是指从事商品生产、经营或者提供服务的自然人、法人和其他组织。 本法所称相关市场,是指经营者在一定时期内就特定商品或者服务(以下统称商品)进行竞争的商品范围和地域范围。

第二章 垄断协议

第十三条 禁止具有竞争关系的经营者达成下列垄断协议: (一)固定或者变更商品价格; (二)限制商品的生产数量或者销售数量; (三)分割销售市场或者原材料采购市场; (四)限制购买新技术、新设备或者限制开发新技术、新产品; (五)联合抵制交易; (六)国务院反垄断执法机构认定的其他垄断协议。 本法所称垄断协议,是指排除、限制竞争的协议、决定或者其他协同行为。 第十四条 禁止经营者与交易相对人达成下列垄断协议: (一)固定向第三人转售商品的价格; (二)限定向第三人转售商品的最低价格; (三)国务院反垄断执法机构认定的其他垄断协议。 第十五条 经营者能够证明所达成的协议属于下列情形之一的,不适用本法第十三条、第十四条的规定: (一)为改进技术、研究开发新产品的; (二)为提高产品质量、降低成本、增进效率,统一产品规格、标准或者实行专业化分工的; (三)为提高中小经营者经营效率,增强中小经营者竞争力的; (四)为实现节约能源、保护环境、救灾救助等社会公共利益的; (五)因经济不景气,为缓解销售量严重下降或者生产明显过剩的; (六)为保障对外贸易和对外经济合作中的正当利益的; (七)法律和国务院规定的其他情形。 属于前款第一项至第五项情形,不适用本法第十三条、第十四条规定的,经营者还应当证明所达成的协议不会严重限制相关市场的竞争,并且能够使消费者分享由此产生的利益。 第十六条 行业协会不得组织本行业的经营者从事本章禁止的垄断行为。

第三章 滥用市场支配地位

第十七条 禁止具有市场支配地位的经营者从事下列滥用市场支配地位的行为: (一)以不公平的高价销售商品或者以不公平的低价购买商品; (二)没有正当理由,以低于成本的价格销售商品; (三)没有正当理由,拒绝与交易相对人进行交易; (四)没有正当理由,限定交易相对人只能与其进行交易或者只能与其指定的经营者进行交易; (五)没有正当理由搭售商品,或者在交易时附加其他不合理的交易条件; (六)没有正当理由,对条件相同的交易相对人在交易价格等交易条件上实行差别待遇; (七)国务院反垄断执法机构认定的其他滥用市场支配地位的行为。 本法所称市场支配地位,是指经营者在相关市场内具有能够控制商品价格、数量或者其他交易条件,或者能够阻碍、影响其他经营者进入相关市场能力的市场地位。 第十八条 认定经营者具有市场支配地位,应当依据下列因素: (一)该经营者在相关市场的市场份额,以及相关市场的竞争状况; (二)该经营者控制销售市场或者原材料采购市场的能力; (三)该经营者的财力和技术条件; (四)其他经营者对该经营者在交易上的依赖程度; (五)其他经营者进入相关市场的难易程度; (六)与认定该经营者市场支配地位有关的其他因素。 第十九条 有下列情形之一的,可以推定经营者具有市场支配地位: (一)一个经营者在相关市场的市场份额达到二分之一的; (二)两个经营者在相关市场的市场份额合计达到三分之二的; (三)三个经营者在相关市场的市场份额合计达到四分之三的。 有前款第二项、第三项规定的情形,其中有的经营者市场份额不足十分之一的,不应当推定该经营者具有市场支配地位。 被推定具有市场支配地位的经营者,有证据证明不具有市场支配地位的,不应当认定其具有市场支配地位。

第四章 经营者集中

第二十条 经营者集中是指下列情形: (一)经营者合并; (二)经营者通过取得股权或者资产的方式取得对其他经营者的控制权; (三)经营者通过合同等方式取得对其他经营者的控制权或者能够对其他经营者施加决定性影响。 第二十一条 经营者集中达到国务院规定的申报标准的,经营者应当事先向国务院反垄断执法机构申报,未申报的不得实施集中。 第二十二条 经营者集中有下列情形之一的,可以不向国务院反垄断执法机构申报: (一)参与集中的一个经营者拥有其他每个经营者百分之五十以上有表决权的股份或者资产的; (二)参与集中的每个经营者百分之五十以上有表决权的股份或者资产被同一个未参与集中的经营者拥有的。 第二十三条 经营者向国务院反垄断执法机构申报集中,应当提交下列文件、资料: (一)申报书; (二)集中对相关市场竞争状况影响的说明; (三)集中协议; (四)参与集中的经营者经会计师事务所审计的上一会计年度财务会计报告; (五)国务院反垄断执法机构规定的其他文件、资料。 申报书应当载明参与集中的经营者的名称、住所、经营范围、预定实施集中的日期和国务院反垄断执法机构规定的其他事项。 第二十四条 经营者提交的文件、资料不完备的,应当在国务院反垄断执法机构规定的期限内补交文件、资料。经营者逾期未补交文件、资料的,视为未申报。 第二十五条 国务院反垄断执法机构应当自收到经营者提交的符合本法第二十三条规定的文件、资料之日起三十日内,对申报的经营者集中进行初步审查,作出是否实施进一步审查的决定,并书面通知经营者。国务院反垄断执法机构作出决定前,经营者不得实施集中。 国务院反垄断执法机构作出不实施进一步审查的决定或者逾期未作出决定的,经营者可以实施集中。 第二十六条 国务院反垄断执法机构决定实施进一步审查的,应当自决定之日起九十日内审查完毕,作出是否禁止经营者集中的决定,并书面通知经营者。作出禁止经营者集中的决定,应当说明理由。审查期间,经营者不得实施集中。 有下列情形之一的,国务院反垄断执法机构经书面通知经营者,可以延长前款规定的审查期限,但最长不得超过六十日: (一)经营者同意延长审查期限的; (二)经营者提交的文件、资料不准确,需要进一步核实的; (三)经营者申报后有关情况发生重大变化的。 国务院反垄断执法机构逾期未作出决定的,经营者可以实施集中。 第二十七条 审查经营者集中,应当考虑下列因素: (一)参与集中的经营者在相关市场的市场份额及其对市场的控制力; (二)相关市场的市场集中度; (三)经营者集中对市场进入、技术进步的影响; (四)经营者集中对消费者和其他有关经营者的影响; (五)经营者集中对国民经济发展的影响; (六)国务院反垄断执法机构认为应当考虑的影响市场竞争的其他因素。 第二十八条 经营者集中具有或者可能具有排除、限制竞争效果的,国务院反垄断执法机构应当作出禁止经营者集中的决定。但是,经营者能够证明该集中对竞争产生的有利影响明显大于不利影响,或者符合社会公共利益的,国务院反垄断执法机构可以作出对经营者集中不予禁止的决定。 第二十九条 对不予禁止的经营者集中,国务院反垄断执法机构可以决定附加减少集中对竞争产生不利影响的限制性条件。 第三十条 国务院反垄断执法机构应当将禁止经营者集中的决定或者对经营者集中附加限制性条件的决定,及时向社会公布。 第三十一条 对外资并购境内企业或者以其他方式参与经营者集中,涉及国家安全的,除依照本法规定进行经营者集中审查外,还应当按照国家有关规定进行国家安全审查。

第五章 滥用行政权力排除、限制竞争

第三十二条 行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织不得滥用行政权力,限定或者变相限定单位或者个人经营、购买、使用其指定的经营者提供的商品。 第三十三条 行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织不得滥用行政权力,实施下列行为,妨碍商品在地区之间的自由流通: (一)对外地商品设定歧视性收费项目、实行歧视性收费标准,或者规定歧视性价格; (二)对外地商品规定与本地同类商品不同的技术要求、检验标准,或者对外地商品采取重复检验、重复认证等歧视性技术措施,限制外地商品进入本地市场; (三)采取专门针对外地商品的行政许可,限制外地商品进入本地市场; (四)设置关卡或者采取其他手段,阻碍外地商品进入或者本地商品运出; (五)妨碍商品在地区之间自由流通的其他行为。 第三十四条 行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织不得滥用行政权力,以设定歧视性资质要求、评审标准或者不依法发布信息等方式,排斥或者限制外地经营者参加本地的招标投标活动。 第三十五条 行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织不得滥用行政权力,采取与本地经营者不平等待遇等方式,排斥或者限制外地经营者在本地投资或者设立分支机构。 第三十六条 行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织不得滥用行政权力,强制经营者从事本法规定的垄断行为。 第三十七条 行政机关不得滥用行政权力,制定含有排除、限制竞争内容的规定。

第六章 对涉嫌垄断行为的调查

第三十八条 反垄断执法机构依法对涉嫌垄断行为进行调查。 对涉嫌垄断行为,任何单位和个人有权向反垄断执法机构举报。反垄断执法机构应当为举报人保密。 举报采用书面形式并提供相关事实和证据的,反垄断执法机构应当进行必要的调查。 第三十九条 反垄断执法机构调查涉嫌垄断行为,可以采取下列措施: (一)进入被调查的经营者的营业场所或者其他有关场所进行检查; (二)询问被调查的经营者、利害关系人或者其他有关单位或者个人,要求其说明有关情况; (三)查阅、复制被调查的经营者、利害关系人或者其他有关单位或者个人的有关单证、协议、会计账簿、业务函电、电子数据等文件、资料; (四)查封、扣押相关证据; (五)查询经营者的银行账户。 采取前款规定的措施,应当向反垄断执法机构主要负责人书面报告,并经批准。 第四十条 反垄断执法机构调查涉嫌垄断行为,执法人员不得少于二人,并应当出示执法证件。 执法人员进行询问和调查,应当制作笔录,并由被询问人或者被调查人签字。 第四十一条 反垄断执法机构及其工作人员对执法过程中知悉的商业秘密负有保密义务。 第四十二条 被调查的经营者、利害关系人或者其他有关单位或者个人应当配合反垄断执法机构依法履行职责,不得拒绝、阻碍反垄断执法机构的调查。 第四十三条 被调查的经营者、利害关系人有权陈述意见。反垄断执法机构应当对被调查的经营者、利害关系人提出的事实、理由和证据进行核实。 第四十四条 反垄断执法机构对涉嫌垄断行为调查核实后,认为构成垄断行为的,应当依法作出处理决定,并可以向社会公布。 第四十五条 对反垄断执法机构调查的涉嫌垄断行为,被调查的经营者承诺在反垄断执法机构认可的期限内采取具体措施消除该行为后果的,反垄断执法机构可以决定中止调查。中止调查的决定应当载明被调查的经营者承诺的具体内容。 反垄断执法机构决定中止调查的,应当对经营者履行承诺的情况进行监督。经营者履行承诺的,反垄断执法机构可以决定终止调查。 有下列情形之一的,反垄断执法机构应当恢复调查: (一)经营者未履行承诺的; (二)作出中止调查决定所依据的事实发生重大变化的; (三)中止调查的决定是基于经营者提供的不完整或者不真实的信息作出的。

第七章 法律责任

第四十六条 经营者违反本法规定,达成并实施垄断协议的,由反垄断执法机构责令停止违法行为,没收违法所得,并处上一年度销售额百分之一以上百分之十以下的罚款;尚未实施所达成的垄断协议的,可以处五十万元以下的罚款。 经营者主动向反垄断执法机构报告达成垄断协议的有关情况并提供重要证据的,反垄断执法机构可以酌情减轻或者免除对该经营者的处罚。 行业协会违反本法规定,组织本行业的经营者达成垄断协议的,反垄断执法机构可以处五十万元以下的罚款;情节严重的,社会团体登记管理机关可以依法撤销登记。 第四十七条 经营者违反本法规定,滥用市场支配地位的,由反垄断执法机构责令停止违法行为,没收违法所得,并处上一年度销售额百分之一以上百分之十以下的罚款。 第四十八条 经营者违反本法规定实施集中的,由国务院反垄断执法机构责令停止实施集中、限期处分股份或者资产、限期转让营业以及采取其他必要措施恢复到集中前的状态,可以处五十万元以下的罚款。 第四十九条 对本法第四十六条、第四十七条、第四十八条规定的罚款,反垄断执法机构确定具体罚款数额时,应当考虑违法行为的性质、程度和持续的时间等因素。 第五十条 经营者实施垄断行为,给他人造成损失的,依法承担民事责任。 第五十一条 行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织滥用行政权力,实施排除、限制竞争行为的,由上级机关责令改正;对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员依法给予处分。反垄断执法机构可以向有关上级机关提出依法处理的建议。 法律、行政法规对行政机关和法律、法规授权的具有管理公共事务职能的组织滥用行政权力实施排除、限制竞争行为的处理另有规定的,依照其规定。 第五十二条 对反垄断执法机构依法实施的审查和调查,拒绝提供有关材料、信息,或者提供虚假材料、信息,或者隐匿、销毁、转移证据,或者有其他拒绝、阻碍调查行为的,由反垄断执法机构责令改正,对个人可以处二万元以下的罚款,对单位可以处二十万元以下的罚款;情节严重的,对个人处二万元以上十万元以下的罚款,对单位处二十万元以上一百万元以下的罚款;构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任。 第五十三条 对反垄断执法机构依据本法第二十八条、第二十九条作出的决定不服的,可以先依法申请行政复议;对行政复议决定不服的,可以依法提起行政诉讼。 对反垄断执法机构作出的前款规定以外的决定不服的,可以依法申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼。 第五十四条 反垄断执法机构工作人员滥用职权、玩忽职守、徇私舞弊或者泄露执法过程中知悉的商业秘密,构成犯罪的,依法追究刑事责任;尚不构成犯罪的,依法给予处分。

第八章 附 则

第五十五条 经营者依照有关知识产权的法律、行政法规规定行使知识产权的行为,不适用本法;但是,经营者滥用知识产权,排除、限制竞争的行为,适用本法。 第五十六条 农业生产者及农村经济组织在农产品生产、加工、销售、运输、储存等经营活动中实施的联合或者协同行为,不适用本法。 第五十七条 本法自2008年8月1日起施行。


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