The report was authored by Prof. Duncan Matthews from Queen Mary University of London and Lecturer Maciej Padamczyk from the University of Liverpool. It was commissioned and guided by the WIPO Judicial Institute, in particular by Eun-Joo Min, Director, and Inés Fernández Ulate, Legal Officer, who provided feedback and guidance on the development of this report. The team is very thankful to the editorial and design colleagues in the WIPO Publications and Design Section for leading the production of this publication.
The authors and WIPO are most grateful to the judges and court members who participated in the structured interviews conducted as part of this study and who are listed in the Annex. Without their valuable contributions, this report would not have been possible.