FRAND Economics: Valuation Methods in Licensing Standard Essential Patents

This economic report examines how fair, reasonable, and non‑discriminatory (FRAND) terms for standard‑essential patent (SEP) licensing can be determined.

The report highlights how structured valuation approaches can contribute to greater clarity, ensure objectivity, facilitate licensing negotiations as well as dispute resolution, and support balanced incentives for both innovation and implementation in the area of standardized technologies.