Note(s)

• These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H.
  • Section H covers:
    • basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere);
    • generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear;
    • applied electricity, which covers:
      • general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits;
      • some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including:
        • electric light sources, including lasers;
        • electric X-ray technique;
        • electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons;
    • basic electronic circuits and their control;
    • radio or electric communication technique;
    • the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 88 to 90 of the Guide should be referred to.
  • In this section, the following general rules apply:
    • Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question;
    • The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include:
      • the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class A61;
      • the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes B01 and B03 and in subclass B23K;
      • the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B;
      • the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass F23Q;
      • the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself;
    • All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a) above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself.

Note(s)

• This subclass covers only:
  • demodulation or transference of signals modulated on a sinusoidal carrier or on electromagnetic waves;
  • comparing phase or frequency of two mutually-independent oscillations.

Note(s)

• This subclass covers:
  • linear amplification, there being linear relationship between the amplitudes of input and output, and the output having substantially the same waveform as the input;
  • dielectric amplifiers, magnetic amplifiers, and parametric amplifiers when used as oscillators or frequency-changers;
  • constructions of active elements of dielectric amplifiers and parametric amplifiers if no provision exists elsewhere.

Note(s) [3]

• This subclass covers:
  • control of gain of amplifiers or frequency-changers;
  • control of frequency range of amplifiers;
  • limiting amplitude or rate of change of amplitude.
• Attention is drawn to the Note following the title of subclass H03F.

Note(s) [7]

• This subclass covers:
  • networks comprising lumped impedance elements;
  • networks comprising distributed impedance elements together with lumped impedance elements;
  • networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements;
  • networks simulating reactances and comprising discharge tubes or semiconductor devices;
  • constructions of electromechanical resonators.
• In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:
  • "passive elements" means resistors, capacitors, inductors, mutual inductors, or diodes.
• Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class B81 and subclass B81B relating to "microstructural devices" and "microstructural systems".
• In this subclass, main groups with a higher number take precedence.

Note(s) [3]

• This subclass covers also the control of tuning, including the combined control of tuning and other functions, e.g. combinations of tuning control and volume control, combinations of control of local oscillator and of supplementary resonant circuits.

Note(s) [6]

• This subclass covers :
  • methods, circuits, devices, or apparatus using active elements operating in a discontinuous or switching manner for generating, counting, amplifying, shaping, modulating, demodulating, or otherwise manipulating signals;
  • electronic switching not involving contact-making and breaking;
  • logic circuits handling electric pulses.
• In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:
  • "active element" exercises control over the conversion of input energy into an oscillation or a discontinuous flow of energy.
• In this subclass, where the claims of a patent document are not limited to a specific circuit element, the document is classified at least according to the elements used in the described embodiment.