G
PHYSICS

Note(s)

  • In this section, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "variable" (as a noun) means a feature or property (e.g., a dimension, a physical condition such as temperature, a quality such as density or colour) which, in respect of a particular entity (e.g., an object, a quantity of a substance, a beam of light) and at a particular instant, is capable of being measured; the variable may change, so that its numerical expression may assume different values at different times, in different conditions or in individual cases, but may be constant in respect of a particular entity in certain conditions or for practical purposes (e.g., the length of a bar may be regarded as constant for many purposes).
  • Attention is drawn to the definitions of terms or expressions used. Some appear in the notes of several of the classes in this section, see in particular the definition of "measuring" in class G01. Others appear in paragaph 187 of the Guide to the IPC, see in particular the definitions of "control" and "regulation".
  • Classification in this section may present more difficulty than in other sections, because the distinction between different fields of use rests to a considerable extent on differences in the intention of the user rather than on any constructional differences or differences in the manner of use, and because the subjects dealt with are often in effect systems or combinations, which have features or parts in common, rather than "things", which are readily distinguishable as a whole. For example, information (e.g., a set of figures) may be displayed for the purpose of education or advertising ( G09), for enabling the result of a measurement to be known ( G01), for signalling the information to a distant point or for giving information which has been signalled from a distant point ( G08). The words used to describe the purpose depend on features that may be irrelevant to the form of the apparatus concerned, for example, such features as the desired effect on the person who sees the display, or whether the display is controlled from a remote point. Again, a device which responds to some change in a condition, e.g., in the pressure of a fluid, may be used, without modification of the device itself, to give information about the pressure ( G01L) or about some other condition linked to the pressure (another subclass of class G01, e.g., G01K for temperature), to make a record of the pressure or of its occurrence ( G07C), to give an alarm ( G08B), or to control another apparatus ( G05).
    • The classification scheme is intended to enable things of a similar nature (as indicated above) to be classified together. It is therefore particularly necessary for the real nature of any technical subject to be decided before it can be properly classified.
INSTRUMENTS
G06
COMPUTING; CALCULATING; COUNTING

Note(s) [2011.01]

  • This class covers :
    • simulators which are concerned with the mathematics of computing the existing or anticipated conditions within the real device or system;
    • simulators which demonstrate, by means involving computing, the function of apparatus or of a system, if no provision exists elsewhere;
    • image data processing or generation.
  • This class does not cover :
    • combinations of writing implements with computing devices, which are covered by group B43K 29/08;
    • control functions derived from simulators, in general, which are covered by class G05, although such functions may be covered by the subclass of this class for the device controlled;
    • measurement or analysis of an individual variable to serve as an input to a simulator, which is covered by class G01;
    • simulators regarded as teaching or training devices which is the case if they give perceptible sensations having a likeness to the sensations a student would experience in reality in response to actions taken by him. Such simulators are covered by class G09;
    • components of simulators, if identical with real devices or machines, which are covered by the relevant subclass for these devices or machines (and not by class G09).
  • In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "data" is used as the synonym of "information". Therefore, the term "information" is not used in subclasses G06C, G06For G06Q;
    • "calculating or computing" includes, inter alia, operations on numerical values and on data expressed in numerical form. Of these terms "computing" is used throughout the class;
    • "computation" is derived from this interpretation of "computing". In the French language the term "calcul" will serve for either term;
    • "simulator" is a device which may use the same time scale as the real device or operate on an expanded or compressed time scale. In interpreting this term models of real devices to reduced or expanded scales are not regarded as simulators;
    • "record carrier" means a body, such as a cylinder, disc, card, tape, or wire, capable of permanently holding information, which can be read-off by a sensing element movable relative to the recorded information.
  • Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of section G, especially as regards the definition of the term "variable".
G06Q
DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS OR METHODS, SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL, SUPERVISORY OR FORECASTING PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL, SUPERVISORY OR FORECASTING PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR [2006.01]

Note(s) [2006.01]

  • Groups G06Q 10/00-G06Q 50/00 and G06Q 99/00 only cover systems or methods that involve significant data processing operations, i.e. data processing operations that need to be carried out by a technological, e.g. computing, system or device.
    • Group G06Q 90/00 covers systems or methods that do not involve significant data processing, when both of the following conditions are fulfilled:
      • the systems or methods are specially adapted for the purposes mentioned in the subclass title or the titles of groups G06Q 10/00-G06Q 50/00; and
      • the systems or methods cannot be classified elsewhere in the IPC, for example by applying the principles described in paragraph 96 of the Guide.

      When classifying such systems or methods in group G06Q 90/00, additional classification may be made in the most closely related group of this or any other subclass, if this classification gives information about the application of the systems or methods that could be of interest for search. Such non-obligatory classification must be given as "additional information".

  • When classifying in groups G06Q 10/00-G06Q 40/00, systems or methods that are specially adapted for a specific business sector must also be classified in group G06Q 50/00, when the special adaptation is determined to be novel and non-obvious.
  • In this subclass, the first place priority rule is applied, i.e. at each hierarchical level, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the first appropriate place.
G06Q 10/00
Administration; Management [2012.01]
G06Q 10/02
Reservations, e.g. for tickets, services or events [2012.01]
G06Q 10/04
Forecasting or optimisation, e.g. linear programming, "travelling salesman problem" or "cutting stock problem" [2012.01]
G06Q 10/06
Resources, workflows, human or project management, e.g. organising, planning, scheduling or allocating time, human or machine resources; Enterprise planning; Organisational models [2012.01]
G06Q 10/08
Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading, distribution or shipping; Inventory or stock management, e.g. order filling, procurement or balancing against orders [2012.01]
G06Q 10/10
Office automation, e.g. computer aided management of electronic mail or groupware (electronic mail network systems H04L 12/58; electronic mail protocols H04L 29/06); Time management, e.g. calendars, reminders, meetings or time accounting [2012.01]
G06Q 20/00
Payment architectures, schemes or protocols (apparatus for performing or posting payment transactions G07F 7/08, G07F 19/00; electronic cash registers G07G 1/12) [2012.01]

Note(s) [2006.01]

  • This group covers:
    • protocols or schemes which include procedures whereby a payment is made between a merchant, a bank, a user and sometimes a third party; the procedure usually includes verification and authentication of all parties involved.
G06Q 20/02
involving a neutral third party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP] [2012.01]
G06Q 20/04
Payment circuits [2012.01]
G06Q 20/06
Private payment circuits, e.g. involving electronic currency used only among participants of a common payment scheme [2012.01]
G06Q 20/08
Payment architectures [2012.01]
G06Q 20/10
specially adapted for electronic funds transfer [EFT] systems; specially adapted for home banking systems [2012.01]
G06Q 20/12
specially adapted for electronic shopping systems [2012.01]
G06Q 20/14
specially adapted for billing systems [2012.01]
G06Q 20/16
Payments settled via telecommunication systems [2012.01]
G06Q 20/18
involving self-service terminals [SSTs], vending machines, kiosks or multimedia terminals [2012.01]
G06Q 20/20
Point-of-sale [POS] network systems [2012.01]
G06Q 20/22
Payment schemes or models [2012.01]
G06Q 20/24
Credit schemes, i.e. "pay after" [2012.01]
G06Q 20/26
Debit schemes, i.e. "pay now" [2012.01]
G06Q 20/28
Pre-payment schemes, i.e. "pay before" [2012.01]
G06Q 20/30
characterised by the use of specific devices [2012.01]
G06Q 20/32
using wireless devices [2012.01]
G06Q 20/34
using cards, e.g. integrated circuit [IC] cards or magnetic cards [2012.01]
G06Q 20/36
using electronic wallets or electronic money safes [2012.01]
G06Q 20/38
Payment protocols; Details thereof [2012.01]
G06Q 20/40
Authorisation, e.g. identification of payer or payee, verification of customer or shop credentials; Review and approval of payers, e.g. check of credit lines or negative lists [2012.01]
G06Q 20/42
Confirmation, e.g. check or permission by the legal debtor of payment [2012.01]
G06Q 30/00
Commerce, e.g. shopping or e-commerce [2012.01]
G06Q 30/02
Marketing, e.g. market research and analysis, surveying, promotions, advertising, buyer profiling, customer management or rewards; Price estimation or determination [2012.01]
G06Q 30/04
Billing or invoicing [2012.01]
G06Q 30/06
Buying, selling or leasing transactions [2012.01]
G06Q 30/08
Auctions [2012.01]
G06Q 40/00
Finance; Insurance; Tax strategies; Processing of corporate or income taxes [2012.01]
G06Q 40/02
Banking, e.g. interest calculation, credit approval, mortgages, home banking or on-line banking [2012.01]
G06Q 40/04
Exchange, e.g. stocks, commodities, derivatives or currency exchange [2012.01]
G06Q 40/06
Investment, e.g. financial instruments, portfolio management or fund management [2012.01]
G06Q 40/08
Insurance, e.g. risk analysis or pensions [2012.01]
G06Q 50/00
Systems or methods specially adapted for a specific business sector, e.g. utilities or tourism [2012.01]
G06Q 50/02
Agriculture; Fishing; Mining [2012.01]
G06Q 50/04
Manufacturing [2012.01]
G06Q 50/06
Electricity, gas or water supply [2012.01]
G06Q 50/08
Construction [2012.01]
G06Q 50/10
Services [2012.01]
G06Q 50/12
Hotels or restaurants [2012.01]
G06Q 50/14
Travel agencies [2012.01]
G06Q 50/16
Real estate [2012.01]
G06Q 50/18
Legal services; Handling legal documents [2012.01]
G06Q 50/20
Education [2012.01]
G06Q 50/22
Health care, e.g. hospitals; Social work [2012.01]
G06Q 50/24
Patient record management (processing of medical or biological data for scientific purposes G06F 19/00) [2012.01]
G06Q 50/26
Government or public services [2012.01]
G06Q 50/28
Logistics, e.g. warehousing, loading, distribution or shipping [2012.01]
G06Q 50/30
Transportation; Communications [2012.01]
G06Q 50/32
Post and telecommunications (franking apparatus G07B 17/00) [2012.01]
G06Q 50/34
Betting or bookmaking, e.g. Internet betting [2012.01]
G06Q 90/00
Systems or methods specially adapted for administrative, commercial, financial, managerial, supervisory or forecasting purposes, not involving significant data processing [2006.01]
G06Q 99/00
Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass [2006.01]