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Constitution of Romania, Romania

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Latest Version in WIPO Lex
Year of Version 2003 Dates Entry into force: December 8, 1991 Adopted: November 21, 1991 Type of Text Constitution/Basic Law Subject Matter Other Notes The Constitution of Romania of 1991 adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 21, 1991 enshrines democratic values and establishes a national, sovereign, independent, unitary and indivisible state.
Romania presented its application for membership of the European Union on June 22, 1995 and became a full member on January 1, 2007.
In the compliance with the European Union rules, the new provisions were introduced on the Title VI “Euro-Atlantic integration” regarding the integration into European Union and the NATO Accession. Therefore, the Constitution of Romania of 1991 was amended in 2003 by the Law No. 429/2003 on the Revision of the Constitution of Romania. This law was approved by National Referendum on October 18-19, 2003, and came into force on October 29, 2003.

As the fundamental law of Romania, the Constitution defines the structure of the government of Romania, the rights and duties of the country's citizens, its mode of passing laws and specifies the principle of separation and balance of the legislative, executive and judicial powers.
Romania is a semi-presidential democratic republic.
The legislative power is vested in the Parliament consisting of two chambers: Chamber of Deputies and the Senate.
The executive branch consists of a President, the Head of State and a Primer minister, the Head of Government.
The President issues Presidential decrees. The Government issues decisions and ordinances, which implement the laws. Parliament may pass a special law enabling the Government to issue ordinances in fields outside the scope of organic laws (Article 115).
The Romanian legal system belongs to the civil law under which only the Constitution and other statutory legislation constitute a legitimate source of legal rules.

The Romanian Constitution guaranties the right to identity (Article 6), the freedom of any creation, by words, in writing, in pictures (Article 30(1)), the guarantee of the independence of public service broadcasting (Article 31(5)), and the right of private property (Article 44), which can be extended to the intellectual property rights.

Available Texts Main text(s) Main text(s) English Constitution of Romania PDF HTML French Constitution de la Roumanie PDF HTML Romanian Constitutia Romaniei PDF HTML
WTO Document Reference
IP/N/1/ROM/P/4
WIPO Lex No. RO021