C
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
 C

Note(s)

  1. In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows:

    Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr

    Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra

    Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive

    Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides

    Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive

    Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W

    Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At

    Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

    Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd

    Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group

    Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg

    Heavy metals: metals other than light metals

    Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni

    Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens

    Metals: elements other than non-metals

    Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards

  2. Section C covers :
    1. pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation;
    2. applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents;
    3. certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry;
    4. certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general;
    5. metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys.
  3. In all sections of the IPC, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, the Periodic System of chemical elements referred to is the one with 8 groups as represented in the table below. For example, group C07F 3/00 "Compounds containing elements of the 2nd Group of the Periodic System" refers to the elements of columns IIa and IIb. [2009.01]

    1. In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C.
    2. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class C03 and not by class F27.
    3. There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example:
    4. In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for:
    5. When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.
  
CHEMISTRY
 C07
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (such compounds as the oxides, sulfides, or oxysulfides of carbon, cyanogen, phosgene, hydrocyanic acid or salts thereof C01; products obtained from layered base-exchange silicates by ion-exchange with organic compounds such as ammonium, phosphonium or sulfonium compounds or by intercalation of organic compounds C01B 33/00; macromolecular compounds C08; dyes C09; fermentation products C12; fermentation or enzyme-using processes to synthesise a desired chemical compound or composition or to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture C12P; production of organic compounds by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25B 3/00, C25B 7/00)  [2]
 C07

Note(s)

  1. In this class, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "preparation" covers purification, separation, stabilisation or use of additives, unless a separate place is provided therefor. [4]
  2. Biocidal, pest repellant, pest attractant or plant growth regulatory activity of compounds or preparations is further classified in subclass A01P. [8]
  3. In subclasses C07C-C07K and within each of theses subclasses, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, and with the exception referred to below, a compound is classified in the last appropriate place. For example, 2-butyl-pyridine, which contains an acyclic chain and a heterocyclic ring, is classified only as a heterocyclic compound, in subclass C07D. In general, and in the absence of an indication to the contrary (such as groups C07C 59/00), the terms "acyclic" and "aliphatic" are used to describe compounds in which there is no ring; and, if a ring were present, the compound would be taken by the "last place" rule to a later group for cycloaliphatic or aromatic compounds, if such a group exists. Where a compound or an entire group of compounds exists in tautomeric forms, it is classified as though existing in the form which is classified last in the system, unless the other form is specifically mentioned earlier in the system.
  4. Chemical compounds and their preparation are classified in the groups for the type of compound prepared. The processes of preparation are also classified in the groups for the types of reaction employed, if of interest. General processes for the preparation of a class of compounds falling into more than one main group are classified in the groups for the processes employed, when such groups exist. The compounds prepared are also classified in the groups for the types of compound prepared, if of interest.
  5. In this class, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, the compounds containing carboxyl or thiocarboxyl groups are classified as the relevant carboxylic or thiocarboxylic acids, unless the "last place rule" (see Note (3), above) dictates otherwise; a carboxyl group being a carbon atom having three bonds, and no more than three, to hetero atoms, other than nitrogen atoms of nitro or nitroso groups, with at least one multiple bond to the same hetero atom and a thiocarboxyl group being a carboxyl group having at least one bond to a sulfur atom, e.g. amides or nitriles of carboxylic acids, are classified with the corresponding acids. [5]
  6. Salts of a compound, unless specifically provided for, are classified as that compound, e.g. aniline hydrochloride is classified as containing carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen only (in group C07C 211/00), sodium malonate is classified as malonic acid (in C07C 55/00), and a mercaptide is classified as the mercaptan. Metal chelates are dealt with in the same way. Similarly, metal alcoholates and metal phenates are classified in subclass C07C and not in subclass C07F, the alcoholates in group C07C 31/00 and the phenates as the corresponding phenols in group C07C 39/00. Salts, adducts or complexes formed between two or more organic compounds are classified according to all compounds forming the salts, adducts or complexes. [2]
 C07B
GENERAL METHODS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY; APPARATUS THEREFOR (preparation of carboxylic acid esters by telomerisation C07C 67/00; telomerisation C08F)
 C07B

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, the functional group which is present already in some residue being introduced and is not substantially involved in a chemical reaction, is not considered as the functional group which is formed or introduced as a result of the chemical reaction. [4]
  2. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "separation" means separation only for the purposes of recovering organic compounds. [4]
  3. When classifying in this subclass, classification is also made in group B01D 15/08 insofar as subject matter of general interest relating to chromatography is concerned. [8]
  4. In this subclass, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place according to the type of reaction employed, noting the bond or the functional group which is formed or introduced as a result of the chemical reaction. [4]
 C07B
Subclass index
REACTIONS WITHOUT FORMATION OR INTRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS CONTAINING HETERO ATOMS
Change of bond type between carbon atoms already directly linked 35/00
Formation of new or disconnection of existing carbon-to-carbon bonds 37/00
REACTIONS WITH FORMATION OR INTRODUCTION OF FUNCTIONAL GROUPS CONTAINING HETERO ATOMS
Halogenation 39/00
Oxygen-containing groups 41/00
Nitrogen-containing groups 43/00
Sulfur-containing groups 45/00
Other groups 47/00
GRIGNARD REACTIONS 49/00
INTRODUCTION OF PROTECTING OR ACTIVATING GROUPS NOT COVERED BY THE PRECEDING GROUPS 51/00
ASYMMETRIC SYNTHESES 53/00
RACEMISATION, INVERSION 55/00
SEPARATION, PURIFICATION, STABILISATION, USE OF ADDITIVES 57/00, 63/00
INTRODUCTION OF ISOTOPES 59/00
OTHER GENERAL METHODS 61/00
 C07C
ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS (preparation of macromolecular compounds C08F; production of organic compounds by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25B 3/00, C25B 7/00)
 C07C

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "bridged" means the presence of at least one fusion other than ortho, peri or spiro;
    • two rings are "condensed" if they share at least one ring member, i.e. "spiro" and "bridged" are considered as condensed;
    • "condensed ring system" is a ring system in which all rings are condensed among themselves;
    • "number of rings" in a condensed ring system equals the number of scissions necessary to convert the ring system into one acyclic chain;
    • "quinones" are compounds derived from compounds containing a six-membered aromatic ring or a system comprising six-membered aromatic rings (which system may be condensed or not condensed) by replacing two or four CH groups of the six-membered aromatic rings by  C=O groups, and by removing one or two carbon-to-carbon double bonds, respectively, and rearranging the remaining carbon-to-carbon double bonds to give a ring or ring system with alternating double bonds, including the carbon-to-oxygen bonds; this means that acenaphthenequinone or camphorquinone are not considered as quinones. [5]
  2. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after class C07, which defines the last place priority rule applied in the range of subclasses C07C-C07K and within these subclasses. [8]
  3. Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass A61P. [7]
  4. When classifying in this subclass, classification is also made in group B01D 15/08insofar as subject matter of general interest relating to chromatography is concerned. [8]
  5. In this subclass, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, a process is classified in the last appropriate place. [3]
  6. In this subclass, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, "quaternary ammonium compounds" are classified with the corresponding "non-quaternised nitrogen compounds". [5]
  7. For the classification of compounds in groups C07C 1/00-C07C 71/00and C07C 401/00-C07C 409/00:
    • a compound is classified considering the molecule as a whole (rule of the "whole molecule approach");
    • a compound is considered to be saturated if it does not contain carbon atoms bound to each other by multiple bonds;
    • a compound is considered to be unsaturated if it contains carbon atoms bound to each other by multiple bonds, which includes a six-membered aromatic ring,
    unless otherwise specified or implicitly derivable from the subdivision, as in group C07C 69/00.
  8. For the classification of compounds in groups C07C 201/00-C07C 395/00, i.e. after the functional group has been determined according to the "last place rule", a compound is classified according to the following principles:
    • compounds are classified in accordance with the nature of the carbon atom to which the functional group is attached;
    • a carbon skeleton is a carbon atom, other than a carbon atom of a carboxyl group, or a chain of carbon atoms bound to each other; a carbon skeleton is considered to be terminated by every bond to an element other than carbon or to a carbon atom of a carboxyl group;
    • when the molecule contains several functional groups, only functional groups linked to the same carbon skeleton as the one first determined are considered;
    • a carbon skeleton is considered to be saturated if it does not contain carbon atoms bound to each other by multiple bonds;
    • a carbon skeleton is considered to be unsaturated if it contains carbon atoms bound to each other by multiple bonds, which includes a six-membered aromatic ring. [5]
 C07C
Subclass index
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING CARBON AND HYDROGEN ONLY
Preparation 1/00, 2/00, 4/00, 5/00, 6/00
Purification, separation, stabilisation 7/00
Compounds
aliphatic 9/00, 11/00
cycloaliphatic, aromatic 13/00, 15/00
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING CARBON AND HALOGENS, WITH OR WITHOUT HYDROGEN
Preparation 17/00
Compounds
aliphatic 19/00, 21/00
cycloaliphatic, aromatic 22/00, 23/00, 25/00
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING CARBON AND OXYGEN, WITH OR WITHOUT HYDROGEN OR HALOGENS
Preparation
simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen- containing compounds 27/00
of alcohols; of phenols 29/00; 37/00
of ethers or acetals; of oxo compounds 41/00; 45/00
of quinones 46/00
of carboxylic acids, their salts or anhydrides 51/00
of esters of carboxylic acids 67/00
of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids 68/00
Compounds
with OH group(s): aliphatically bound 31/00, 33/00
cycloaliphatically bound 35/00
with OH group(s) aromatically bound 39/00
Ethers, acetals, orthoesters; aldehydes; ketones 43/00; 47/00; 49/00
Quinones 50/00
carboxylic acids
acyclic 53/00, 55/00, 57/00, 59/00
cyclic 61/00, 62/00, 63/00, 65/00, 66/00
Esters 69/00, 71/00
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING CARBON AND NITROGEN, WITH OR WITHOUT HYDROGEN, HALOGENS, OR OXYGEN
Preparation
of amines 209/00
of hydroxy amines, aminoethers, or aminoesters 213/00
of aminoaldehydes, aminoketones, aminoquinones 221/00
of aminocarboxylic acids 227/00
of amides of carboxylic acids 231/00
of nitriles of carboxylic acids 253/00
of derivatives of hydrazine 241/00
of compounds containing carbon- to-nitrogen double bonds, e.g. imines, hydrazones, isocyanates 249/00, 263/00
of derivatives of carbamic acids 269/00
of urea or derivatives 273/00
of guanidines or derivatives 277/00
of nitro or nitroso compounds, or esters of nitric or nitrous acids 201/00
Compounds
having nitrogen bound to carbon or to carbon and hydrogen
Amines 211/00
Hydroxy amines; Aminoethers; Aminoesters 215/00, 217/00, 219/00
Aminoaldehydes, aminoketones, aminoquinones 223/00, 225/00
Amino carboxylic acids 229/00
Amides of carboxylic acids 233/00, 235/00, 237/00
Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds, e.g. imines 251/00
Nitriles of carboxylic acids 255/00
Amidines, imino-ethers 257/00
Hydroxamic acids 259/00
Derivatives of cyanic or isocyanic acid 261/00, 265/00
Carbodiimides 267/00
Carbamic acids 271/00
Ureas 275/00
Guanidines 279/00
having nitrogen bound to halogens 239/00
having nitrogen bound to oxygen
Nitro or nitroso compounds 205/00, 207/00
Nitrites or nitrates 203/00
Hydroxylamines 239/00
Oximes 251/00
having nitrogen bound to another nitrogen
Hydrazines, hydrazides 243/00
Semicarbazates, semicarbazides 281/00
Azo compounds, diazo compounds 245/00
Hydrazones, hydrazidines 251/00, 257/00
Semicarbazones 281/00
N-nitro or N-nitroso compounds 243/00
containing chains of three nitrogen atoms bound together
Triazenes 245/00
Azides 247/00
Other compounds containing nitrogen 291/00
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING CARBON, TOGETHER WITH SULFUR, SELENIUM, OR TELLURIUM, WITH OR WITHOUT HYDROGEN, HALOGENS, OXYGEN, OR NITROGEN
Preparation
of derivatives of sulfuric or sulfonic acids 303/00
of mercaptans, thiophenols, sulfides, or polysulfides 319/00
of sulfones or sulfoxides 315/00
Compounds
having sulfur bound to oxygen
Esters of sulfurous or sulfuric acids 301/00, 305/00
Sulfonic acids or derivatives 309/00
Sulfenic or sulfinic acids or derivatives 313/00
Sulfones, sulfoxides 317/00
having sulfur bound to carbon
Mercaptans, thiophenols, sulfides or polysulfides 321/00, 323/00
Thioaldehydes, thioketones 325/00
Thiocarboxylic acids or derivatives 327/00
Thiocarbonic acids or derivatives 329/00
Thiocyanates, isothiocyanates 331/00
Thiocarbamic acids or derivatives 333/00
Thioureas 335/00
Thiosemicarbazides or thiosemicarbazones 337/00
having sulfur bound to nitrogen
Sulfonamides 311/00
Sulfenamides, sulfinamides, sulfenylcarbamates or sulfenylureas 313/00
Amides of sulfuric acids 307/00
Other compounds containing sulfur 381/00
Compounds containing selenium 391/00
Compounds containing tellurium 395/00
IRRADIATION PRODUCTS OF CHOLESTEROL 401/00
DERIVATIVES OF CYCLOHEXANE OR OF A CYCLOHEXENE HAVING AN UNSATURATED SIDE-CHAIN WITH AT LEAST FOUR CARBON ATOMS 403/00
PROSTAGLANDINS OR DERIVATIVES 405/00
PEROXIDES; PEROXYACIDS
Preparation 407/00
Compounds 409/00
 C07D
HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS  [2]
 C07D

Note(s)

  1. This subclass does not cover compounds containing saccharide radicals (as defined in Note (3) following the title of subclass C07H), which are covered by subclass C07H.      [2]
  2. In this subclass, in compounds containing a hetero ring covered by group C07D 295/00 and at least one other hetero ring, the hetero ring covered by group C07D 295/00 is considered as an acyclic chain containing nitrogen atoms.      [3]
  3. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "hetero ring" is a ring having at least one halogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atom as a ring member;      [2]
    • "bridged" means the presence of at least one fusion other than ortho, peri or spiro;      [2]
    • two rings are "condensed" if they share at least one ring member, i.e. "spiro" and "bridged" are considered as condensed;      [2]
    • "condensed ring system" is a ring system in which all rings are condensed among themselves;      [2]
    • "number of relevant rings" in a condensed ring system equals the number of scissions necessary to convert the ring system into one acyclic chain;      [2]
    • "relevant rings" in a condensed ring system, i.e. the rings which taken together describe all the links between every atom of the ring system, are chosen according to the following criteria consecutively:
      1. lowest number of ring members;
      2. highest number of hetero atoms as ring members;
      3. lowest number of members shared with other rings;
      4. last place in the classification scheme.      [2]
  4. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after class C07, which defines the last place priority rule applied in the range of subclasses C07C-C07K and within these subclasses.      [8]
  5. Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass A61P.      [7]
  6. In this subclass, in the absence of an indication to the contrary:
    1. compounds having only one hetero ring are classified in the last appropriate place in one of the groups C07D 203/00-C07D 347/00. The same applies for compounds having more hetero rings covered by the same main group, neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system;      [2]
    2. compounds having two or more hetero rings covered by different main groups neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system are classified in the last appropriate place in one of the groups C07D 401/00-C07D 421/00;      [2]
    3. compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, covered by the same or by different main groups, which are condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, are classified in the last appropriate place in one of the groups C07D 451/00-C07D 519/00.      [2]
  7. In this subclass:
    • where a compound may exist in tautomeric forms, it is classified as though existing in the form which is classified last in the system. Therefore, double bonds between ring members and non-ring members and double bonds between ring members themselves are considered equivalent in determining the degree of hydrogenation of the ring. Formulae are considered to be written in Kekule form;      [2]
    • hydrocarbon radicals containing a carbocyclic ring and an acyclic chain by which it is linked to the hetero ring and being substituted on both the carbocyclic ring and the acyclic chain by hetero atoms or by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, are classified according to the substituents on the acyclic chain. For example, the compound

      is classified in group C07D 233/00, and the compound

      is classified in group C07D 233/00, where X —NH2, —NHCOCH3, or —COOCH3. [2]

 C07D
Subclass index
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ONE HETERO RING
HAVING NITROGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM
only nitrogen atoms
one nitrogen atom
Polymethyleneimine 295/00
Preparation of lactams 201/00
three-membered ring 203/00
four-membered ring 205/00
five-membered ring 207/00, 209/00
six-membered ring 211/00, 213/00, 215/00, 217/00, 219/00, 221/00
seven-membered ring 223/00
Other compounds 225/00, 227/00
two nitrogen atoms
four-membered ring 229/00
five-membered ring 231/00, 233/00, 235/00
six-membered ring 237/00, 239/00, 241/00
Piperazine 295/00
seven-membered ring 243/00
Other compounds 245/00, 247/00
three nitrogen atoms
five-membered ring 249/00
six-membered ring 251/00, 253/00
Other compounds 255/00
four or more nitrogen atoms 257/00, 259/00
nitrogen and oxygen atoms
five-membered ring 261/00, 263/00, 271/00
six-membered ring 265/00, 273/00
morpholine 295/00
Other compounds 267/00, 269/00, 273/00
nitrogen and sulfur atoms
five-membered ring 275/00, 277/00, 285/00
six-membered ring 279/00, 285/00
Thiomorpholine 295/00
Other compounds 281/00, 283/00, 285/00
nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur atoms 291/00
HAVING OXYGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM
only oxygen atoms
one oxygen atom
three-membered ring 301/00, 303/00
four-membered ring 305/00
five-membered ring 307/00
six-membered ring 309/00, 311/00
Other compounds 313/00, 315/00
two oxygen atoms
five-membered ring 317/00
six-membered ring 319/00
Other compounds 321/00
three or more oxygen atoms 323/00
Other compounds 325/00
oxygen and nitrogen atoms
five-membered ring 261/00, 263/00, 271/00
six-membered ring 265/00, 273/00
Morpholine 295/00
Other compounds 267/00, 269/00, 273/00
oxygen and sulfur atoms 327/00
oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms 291/00
HAVING SULFUR AS RING HETERO ATOM
only sulfur atoms
one sulfur atom
five-membered ring 333/00
six-membered ring 335/00
Other compounds 331/00, 337/00
two or more sulfur atoms 339/00, 341/00
sulfur and nitrogen atoms
five-membered ring 275/00, 277/00, 285/00
six-membered ring 279/00, 285/00
Thiomorpholine 295/00
Other compounds 281/00, 283/00, 285/00
sulfur and oxygen atoms 327/00
sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen atoms 291/00
HAVING SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM AS RING HETERO ATOM
only selenium or tellurium atoms 345/00
together with nitrogen atoms 293/00
together with oxygen atoms 329/00
together with sulfur atoms 343/00
HAVING HALOGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM 347/00
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING TWO OR MORE HETERO RINGS
IN THE SAME RING SYSTEM
HAVING NITROGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM
only nitrogen
at least one six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom 471/00
Tropane, granatane 451/00
Quinine, quinuclidine, isoquinuclidine 453/00
Emetine, berberine 455/00
Lysergic acid, ergot alkaloids 457/00
Yohimbine 459/00
Vincamine 461/00
Carbacephalosporins 463/00
Other compounds 487/00, 507/00, 513/00
Purine 473/00
Pteridine 475/00
Thienamycin 477/00
nitrogen and oxygen 491/00, 498/00, 507/00
Morphine 489/00
Oxapenicillins 503/00
Oxacephalosporins 505/00
nitrogen and sulfur 507/00, 513/00
Penicillins 499/00
Cephalosporins 501/00
nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur 507/00, 515/00
HAVING OXYGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM
only oxygen 493/00
oxygen and nitrogen 491/00, 498/00, 507/00
Morphine 489/00
Oxapenicillins 503/00
Oxacephalosporins 505/00
oxygen and sulfur 497/00
oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur 507/00, 515/00
HAVING SULFUR AS RING HETERO ATOM
only sulfur in a particular ring 495/00
sulfur and oxygen 497/00
sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen 507/00, 515/00
HAVING SELENIUM, TELLURIUM, OR HALOGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM 517/00
IN DIFFERENT RING SYSTEMS, EACH CONTAINING ONLY ONE HETERO RING
HAVING NITROGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM
only nitrogen
at least one six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom 401/00
Other compounds 403/00
nitrogen and oxygen 405/00, 413/00
nitrogen and sulfur 417/00
thiamine 415/00
nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur 419/00
HAVING OXYGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM
only oxygen 407/00
oxygen and nitrogen 405/00, 413/00
oxygen and sulfur 411/00
oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur 419/00
HAVING SULFUR AS RING HETERO ATOM
only sulfur in a particular ring 409/00
sulfur and nitrogen 417/00
thiamine 415/00
sulfur and oxygen 411/00
sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen 419/00
HAVING SELENIUM, TELLURIUM, OR HALOGEN AS RING HETERO ATOM 421/00
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING TWO OR MORE RING SYSTEMS, HAVING EACH TWO OR MORE HETERO RINGS 519/00
ALKALOIDS
Emetine 455/00
Ergot 457/00, 519/00
Granatanine 451/00
Morphine 489/00
Nicotine 401/00
Papaverine 217/00
Quinine 453/00
Strychnine 498/00
Tropane451/00
CEPHALOSPORIN 501/00
PENICILLIN 499/00
PTERIDINE 475/00
THIENAMYCIN 477/00
PURINE 473/00
THIAMINE 415/00
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING UNSPECIFIED HETERO RINGS 521/00
 C07F
ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC, OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM, OR TELLURIUM (metal-containing porphyrins C07D 487/00)
 C07F

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after class C07, which defines the last place priority rule applied in the range of subclasses C07C-C07K and within these subclasses.   [8]
  2. Attention is drawn to Note (6) following the title of class C07.   [2]
  3. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after the title of section C, which Note indicates to which version of the periodic table of chemical elements the IPC refers.   [2010.01]
  4. Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass A61P.   [7]
  5. In this subclass, organic acid salts, alcoholates, phenates, chelates or mercaptides are classified as the parent compounds.   [2]
 C07G
COMPOUNDS OF UNKNOWN CONSTITUTION (sulfonated fats, oils or waxes of undetermined constution C07C 309/00)
 C07G

Note(s)

  1. This subclass does not cover peptides or proteins, of unknown constitution, which are covered by subclass C07K. [4]
  2. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after class C07, which defines the last place priority rule applied in the range of subclasses C07C-C07K and within these subclasses. [8]
  3. Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass A61P. [7]
 C07H
SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS (derivatives of aldonic or saccharic acids C07C, C07D; aldonic acids, saccharic acids C07C 59/00; cyanohydrins C07C 255/00; glycals C07D; compounds of unknown constitution C07G; polysaccharides, derivatives thereof C08B; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification C12N 15/00; sugar industry C13)  [2]
 C07H

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers compounds containing saccharide radicals (see the definitions in Note (3) below).
  2. This subclass does not cover polysaccharides which for the purpose of this subclass are defined as having more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages.
  3. In this subclass, the following expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "saccharide radical" which is derived from acyclic polyhydroxy-aldehydes or acyclic polyhydroxy-ketones, or from their cyclic tautomers, by removing hydrogen atoms or by replacing hetero bonds to oxygen by the same number of hetero bonds to halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium, in accordance with either of the following definitions:
      1. It
        1. consists of an uninterrupted carbon skeleton and oxygen atoms directly attached thereto, and
        2. is considered to be terminated by every bond to a carbon atom of a cyclic structure and by every bond to a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, and
        3. contains within the carbon skeleton an unbranched sequence of at the most six carbon atoms in which at least three carbon atoms — at least two in the case of a skeleton having only four carbon atoms — have one single bond to an oxygen atom as the only hetero bond, and
          1. in a cyclic or acyclic sequence, at least one other carbon atom has two single bonds to oxygen atoms as the only hetero bonds, or
          2. in an acyclic sequence, at least one other carbon atom has one double bond to an oxygen atom as the only hetero bond,
          the said sequence containing at the most one double bond, i.e. C=C or possibly ketalised C(=O), in addition to the hetero bonds mentioned above under (A) or (B), e.g. the compounds

          an unbranched sequence of at the most six carbon atoms, having bonds to oxygen as defined in this Note

          n being an integer, are classified in group C07H 3/00 ; [4]

      2. It is also a radical derived from a radical as defined in (a) above by replacing at the most four of the specified hetero bonds to oxygen by the same number of hetero bonds to halogen, nitrogen, sulfur, selenium, or tellurium;
    • "heterocyclic radical" or "hetero ring" is considered to exclude saccharide radicals as defined above.
  4. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after class C07, which defines the last place priority rule applied in the range of subclasses C07C-C07K and within these subclasses. [8]
  5. Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass A61P . [7]
 C07H
Subclass index
GENERAL PROCESSES 1/00
COMPOUNDS
saccharides, deoxysugars, anhydrosugars, osones 3/00
aminosugars, aza-, thio-, seleno-, telluro-analogues 5/00
sugar esters 11/00, 13/00
sugar ethers, glycosides 15/00, 17/00
cyclic acetals 9/00
nucleosides 19/00
nucleotides 19/00, 21/00
nucleic acids 21/00
derivatives containing acyclic radicals 7/00, 13/00, 15/00
derivatives containing carbocyclic radicals 7/00, 13/00, 15/00
derivatives containing heterocyclic radicals 9/00, 13/00, 15/00, 17/00, 19/00, 21/00
derivatives containing boron, silicon or a metal 23/00
SUBJECT MATTER NOT PROVIDED FOR IN OTHER GROUPS OF THIS SUBCLASS 99/00
 C07J
STEROIDS (seco-steroids C07C)  [2]
 C07J

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers compounds containing a cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene skeleton or a ring structure derived therefrom:
    • by contraction or expansion of one ring by one or two atoms,
    • by contraction or expansion of two rings each by one atom,
    • by contraction of one ring by one atom and expansion of one ring by one atom,
    • by substitution of one or two carbon atoms of the cyclopenta[a]hydrophenanthrene skeleton, which are not shared by rings, by hetero atoms, in combination with the above defined contraction or expansion or not, or
    • by condensation with carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings in combination with one or more of the foregoing alterations or not. [4]
  2. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after class C07, which defines the last place priority rule applied in the range of subclasses C07C-C07Kand within these subclasses. [8]
  3. Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass A61P. [7]
 C07J
Subclass index
NORMAL STEROIDS
containing halogen or oxygen
oxygen other than as ring hetero atom 1/00, 3/00, 5/00, 7/00, 9/00, 11/00, 13/00, 15/00
oxygen as ring hetero atom 17/00, 19/00, 21/00
containing sulfur 31/00, 33/00
containing nitrogen 41/00, 43/00
other steroids 51/00
STEROIDS WITH MODIFIED SKELETON
retrosteroids 15/00
nor-, homosteroids 61/00, 63/00, 65/00, 67/00, 69/00
condensed with carbocyclic rings 53/00
heterosteroids 71/00, 73/00
PREPARATION OF STEROIDS IN GENERAL 75/00
 C07K
PEPTIDES (peptides containing -lactam rings C07D; cyclic dipeptides not having in their molecule any other peptide link than those which form their ring, e.g. piperazine-2,5-diones, C07D; ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type C07D 519/00;  single cell proteins, enzymes C12N; genetic engineering processes for obtaining peptides C12N 15/00)  [4]
 C07K

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "amino acids" are compounds in which at least one amino group and at least one carboxyl group are bound to the same carbon skeleton and the nitrogen atom of the amino group may form part of a ring;
    • "normal peptide link" is one between an alpha-amino group of an amino acid and the carboxyl group — in position 1 — of another alpha-amino acid;
    • "abnormal peptide link" is a link where at least one of the linked amino acids is not an alpha-amino acid or a link formed by at least one carboxyl or amino group being part of the side chain of an alpha-amino acid;
    • "peptides" are compounds containing at least two amino acid units, which are bound through at least one normal peptide link, including oligopeptides, polypeptides and proteins, where
      1. "linear peptides" may comprise rings formed through S—S bridges, or through an hydroxy or a mercapto group of an hydroxy- or a mercapto-amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino acid (e.g. peptide lactones) but do not comprise rings which are formed only through peptide links;
      2. "cyclic peptides" are peptides comprising at least one ring formed only through peptide links; the cyclisation may occur only through normal peptide links or through abnormal peptide links, e.g. through the 4-amino group of 2,4-diamino-butanoic acid. Thus, cyclic compounds in which at least one link in the ring is a non-peptide link are considered as "linear peptides";
      3. "depsipeptides" are compounds containing a sequence of at least two alpha-amino acids and at least one alpha-hydroxy carboxylic acid, which are bound through at least one normal peptide link and ester links, derived from the hydroxy carboxylic acids, where
        1. "linear depsipeptides" may comprise rings formed through S—S bridges, or through an hydroxy or a mercapto group of an hydroxy-, or mercapto-amino acid and the carboxyl group of another amino- or hydroxy-acid but do not comprise rings formed only through peptide or ester links derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. Gly-Ala-Gly—OCH2CO2H and Gly—OCH2CO-Ala-Gly are considered as "linear depsipeptides", but HOCH2CO-Gly-Ala-Gly does not contain an ester link, and is thus a derivative of Gly-Ala-Gly which is covered by C07K 5/00;
        2. "cyclic depsipeptides" are peptides containing at least one ring formed only through peptide or ester links — derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids —, e.g. ; [4]
      4. "hybrid peptides" are peptides produced through fusion or covalent binding of two or more heterologous peptides.
  2. Attention is drawn to Note (3) after class C07, which defines the last place priority rule applied in the range of subclasses C07C-C07K and within these subclasses. [8]
  3. Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass A61P. [7]
  4. When classifying in this subclass, classification is also made in group B01D 15/08 insofar as subject matter of general interest relating to chromatography is concerned. [8]
  5. Fragments of peptides or peptides modified by removal or addition of amino acids, by substitution of amino acids by others, or by combination of these modifications are classified as the parent peptides. However, fragments of peptides having only four or less amino acids are also classified in group C07K 5/00. [6]
  6. Peptides prepared by chemical processes and having an amino acid sequence derived from naturally occurring peptides are classified with the natural one. [6]
  7. Peptides prepared by recombinant DNA technology are not classified according to the host, but according to the original peptide expressed, e.g. HIV peptide expressed in E. coli is classified with HIV peptides. [6]
 C07K
Subclass index
PEPTIDES
Preparation 1/00
of undefined number of amino acids 2/00
Having up to 20 amino acids in an undefined or only partially defined sequence 4/00
Having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence 5/00 - 9/00
Depsipeptides having up to 20 amino acids in a fully defined sequence 11/00
Having more than 20 amino acids 14/00
Immunoglobulins 16/00
Carrier-bound or immobilised peptides 17/00
Hybrid peptides 19/00