G
SECTION G — PHYSICS
 G

Note(s)

  1. In this section, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "variable" (as a noun) means a feature or property (e.g., a dimension, a physical condition such as temperature, a quality such as density or colour) which, in respect of a particular entity (e.g., an object, a quantity of a substance, a beam of light) and at a particular instant, is capable of being measured; the variable may change, so that its numerical expression may assume different values at different times, in different conditions or in individual cases, but may be constant in respect of a particular entity in certain conditions or for practical purposes (e.g., the length of a bar may be regarded as constant for many purposes).
  2. Attention is drawn to the definitions of terms or expressions used, appearing in the notes of several of the classes in this section, in particular those of "measuring" in class G01 and "control" and "regulation" in class G05.
  3. Classification in this section may present more difficulty than in other sections, because the distinction between different fields of use rests to a considerable extent on differences in the intention of the user rather than on any constructional differences or differences in the manner of use, and because the subjects dealt with are often in effect systems or combinations, which have features or parts in common, rather than "things", which are readily distinguishable as a whole. For example, information (e.g., a set of figures) may be displayed for the purpose of education or advertising (G09), for enabling the result of a measurement to be known (G01), for signalling the information to a distant point or for giving information which has been signalled from a distant point (G08). The words used to describe the purpose depend on features that may be irrelevant to the form of the apparatus concerned, for example, such features as the desired effect on the person who sees the display, or whether the display is controlled from a remote point. Again, a device which responds to some change in a condition, e.g., in the pressure of a fluid, may be used, without modification of the device itself, to give information about the pressure (G01L) or about some other condition linked to the pressure (another subclass of class G01, e.g., G01K for temperature), to make a record of the pressure or of its occurrence (G07C), to give an alarm (G08B), or to control another apparatus (G05).

    The classification scheme is intended to enable things of a similar nature (as indicated above) to be classified together. It is therefore particularly necessary for the real nature of any technical subject to be decided before it can be properly classified.

  
INSTRUMENTS
 G10
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
 G10

Note(s)

  1. This class covers all sound-emitting devices, in general, whether or not they may be considered as being musical.
  2. In this class, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "musical instrument" does not exclude devices emitting a single sound signal.
  3. The following Class Index is given in place of subclass indexes, to show the grouping of the elaborations belonging to different subclasses, under the following three fundamental types:
    • wind instruments;
    • string instruments;
    • percussion instruments,
    which relate clearly to the majority of instruments.
  4. There are of course some instruments of which the principle of operation belongs less clearly to one of the three types mentioned in Note (3). They correspond to groups G10D 17/00 or G10K 7/00, G10K 9/00 or G10K 15/04, all the other groups normally finding a definite place.
 G10
Class index
ACOUSTICS; OPERATIONS ON SOUND WAVES
Speech analysis or synthesis; speech recognition G10L
Methods or devices for transmission of sound or protection against sound, not otherwise provided for G10K 11/00, G10K 13/00
Acoustics not otherwise provided for G10K 15/00
WIND INSTRUMENTS
General features; details, accessories G10D 7/00; G10D 9/00
Organs, harmoniums, or similar instruments G10B 1/00, G10B 3/00
Accordions, concertinas, or similar instruments; other types of instruments G10D 11/00; G10D 7/00
Whistles; sirens; horns G10K 5/00; G10K 7/00; G10K 9/00
STRING INSTRUMENTS
General features; details, accessories G10D 1/00; G10D 3/00
Pianos, similar instruments; tools and methods for making or maintenance G10C 1/00, G10C 3/00; G10C 9/00
Other types of instruments G10D 1/00
PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS
Bells, rattles, or similar instruments G10K 1/00, G10K 3/00
Other instruments G10D 13/00
OTHER PARTICULAR DEVICES: DEVICES USING UNDEFINED PRINCIPLES; COMBINATIONS OF INSTRUMENTS; MUSIC ACCESSORIES
Electrophonic musical instruments G10H
Automatic musical instruments G10F
Sirens; devices with vibrators G10K 7/00; G10K 9/00
Combinations: of pianos with other instruments; of other instruments G10C 5/00; G10D 15/00
Music accessories G10G
INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR G10D 17/00

 G10B
ORGANS; HARMONIUMS (mouth organs or accordions G10D; aspects of automatic actuation G10F; combinations of microphones, pick-ups or amplifiers with musical instruments, electronic organs G10H)

 G10C
PIANOS (non-musical aspects of toy pianos A63H 5/00; aspects of automatic actuation G10F; combinations of microphones, pick-ups or amplifiers with musical instruments G10H)

 G10D
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (aspects of automatic actuation G10F; combinations of microphones, pick-ups or amplifiers with musical instruments G10H; sound-producing devices not regarded as musical instruments or parts thereof G10K)

 G10F
AUTOMATIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS (non-musical aspects of toy instruments A63H 5/00; sound-recording or reproducing G11B; associated working with recording or reproducing apparatus G11B 31/02)
 G10F

Note(s)

This subclass does not cover aspects of musical instruments which are independent of the automatic actuation, which are covered by subclass G10B, G10C or G10D.


 G10G
AIDS FOR MUSIC (metronomes G04F 5/00; teaching music G09B 15/00)

 G10H
ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS (electronic circuits in general H03)
 G10H

Note(s)

This subclass covers musical instruments in which individual notes are constituted as electric oscillations under the control of a performer and the oscillations are converted to sound-vibrations by a loud-speaker or equivalent instrument.


 G10K
SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES (sound-producing toys A63H 5/00; musical instruments or parts thereof, see the relevant subclass, e.g. G10D); ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (fluid oscillators or pulse generators for fluid-pressure systems F15B 21/00; systems using the reflection or reradiation of acoustic waves G01S 15/00; generating seismic energy G01V 1/02; signalling or calling arrangements, alarm arrangements G08B; piezo-electric, electrostrictive or magnetostrictive elements in general H01L 41/00; transmission systems using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic waves H04B 11/00; loudspeakers, microphones, gramophone pick-ups or like acoustic electromechanical transducers H04R)  [6]
 G10K

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers arrangements for generating mechanical vibrations in fluids.  [6]
  2. This subclass covers also the production of sounds which may not be audible to human beings but which are audible to animals.
  3. In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated:  [6]
    • "acoustics" and "sound" cover the technical field dealing with mechanical vibrations at all infrasonic-, sonic- and ultrasonic frequencies. However, generation or transmission of mechanical waves, in general, is covered by subclass B06B, subject to the exception specified in Note (1) above.  [6]

 G10L
SPEECH ANALYSIS OR SYNTHESIS; SPEECH RECOGNITION (sound input/output for computers G06F 3/16; digital data processing methods or equipment specially adapted for handling natural language data G06F 17/20; teaching or communicating with the blind, deaf or mute G09B 21/00; telephonic communication H04M)  [4]