B
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
 B01 - 
B07
Subsection index
LIQUID/LIQUID, LIQUID/GAS OR GAS/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/LIQUID OR SOLID/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/SOLID SEPARATION
Method
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB07B
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
Apparatus
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
  
SHAPING
 B23
MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (punching, perforating, making articles by processing sheet metal, tubes, or profiles B21D; wire-working B21F; making pins, needles, or nails B21G; making chains B21L; grinding B24)
 B23

Note(s)

  1. This class covers:
    • operations not provided for in any other class;
    • combinations of operations covered by different subclasses of classes B21-B24, which combinations are covered by subclass B23P, with the exception of subsidiary operations performed in conjunction with main operations covered by a single subclass;
    • features, specific to machine tools, which relate to a requirement or problem of a nature which is not peculiar to a particular kind of machine tool, e.g. feeding work, which are covered by subclass B23Q, although the realisation of these features may differ according to the kind of machine tool concerned. The said subclass covers such features, in general, even if the feature or a specific function, in any particular case, is to some extent peculiar to, or is claimed only for, machine tools designed for one particular operation; only in exceptional cases are such features classified in the subclass for the machine tool concerned. Certain features of this general nature are, however, referred to subclasses relating to particular metal-working operations, especially B23B, in which case the subclasses in question are not restricted, in respect of those features, to the kind of machine tool with which they are primarily concerned.
  2. In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "metal-working" covers the working of other materials unless the context requires otherwise;
    • "kind of operations" and similar expressions relate to such metal-working operations as boring, drilling, milling and grinding;
    • "kind of machine" means a machine designed for a particular kind of metal-working operation (e.g. a lathe);
    • "form of machine" means a machine of a particular kind adapted or arranged for a particular way of working or for particular work, e.g. face-plate lathe, tailstock lathe, turret lathe;
    • "different machines" covers different forms of machines for performing the same type of metal-working operation, e.g. vertical and horizontal boring machines.
  3. If details, components, or accessories have no essential feature specific to machine tools, the more general class, e.g. F16, takes precedence.
 B23K
SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM (making metal-coated products by extruding metal B21C 23/22; building up linings or coverings by casting B22D 19/08; casting by dipping B22D 23/00; manufacture of composite layers by sintering metal powder B22F 7/00; arrangements on machine tools for copying or controlling B23Q; covering metals or covering materials with metals, not otherwise provided for C23C; burners F23D)
 B23K

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers also electric circuits specially adapted for the purposes covered by the title of the subclass.
  2. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "soldering" means uniting metals using solder and applying heat without melting either of the parts to be united. [5]
 B23K
Subclass index
SOLDERING 1/00, 3/00
WELDING
Characterised by the means used to produce heat
by flame 5/00
by electricity 9/00, 11/00, 13/00
by means of plasma 10/00
by nuclear particles 15/00, 17/00
by alumino-thermic means 23/00
by laser beam 26/00
otherwise 25/00, 28/00
Characterised by the use of impact or pressure 20/00
Characterised by other features, processes not restricted to one particular group of this subclass 28/00
CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY; SEVERING 7/00, 9/00, 15/00, 26/00, 28/00; 11/00
SCARFING, DESURFACING 7/00
MATERIALS; AUXILIARY DEVICES 35/00; 37/00
SPECIAL PROCESSES 31/00, 33/00
 B23K 1/00 - 
B23K 3/00
Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
P:160 B23K 1/00
Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering (B23K 3/00 takes precedence; characterised only by the use of special materials or media B23K 35/00; dip or wave soldering in the manufacture of printed circuits H05K 3/34)  [5]
 B23K 1/002
·  Soldering by means of induction heating  [5]
 B23K 1/005
·  Soldering by means of radiant energy  [5]
 B23K 1/008
·  Soldering within a furnace (B23K 1/012 takes precedence)  [5]
 B23K 1/012
·  Soldering with the use of hot gas  [5]
 B23K 1/018
·  Unsoldering; Removal of melted solder or other residues  [5]
 B23K 1/06
·  making use of vibrations, e.g. supersonic vibrations
 B23K 1/08
·  Soldering by means of dipping in molten solder
 B23K 1/14
·  specially adapted for soldering seams (making tubes involving operations other than soldering B21C)  [5]
 B23K 1/19
·  taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered  [3]
 B23K 1/20
·  Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating (preparation of surfaces in particular ways, see the relevant classes for the treatments or the materials treated, e.g. C04B, C23C)
P:150 B23K 3/00
Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering, not specially adapted for particular methods (materials used for soldering B23K 35/00)  [5]
 B23K 3/02
·  Soldering irons; Bits
 B23K 3/04
·  Heating appliances (soldering lamps or blow-pipes F23D; electric heating in general H05B)
 B23K 3/06
·  Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans
 B23K 5/00 - 
B23K 7/00
Flame welding or cutting
P:120 B23K 5/00
Gas flame welding
P:130 B23K 7/00
Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
 B23K 9/00 - 
B23K 13/00
Electric welding or cutting
P:100 B23K 9/00
Arc welding or cutting (electro-slag welding B23K 25/00; welding transformers H01F; welding generators H02K)
 B23K 9/007
·  Spot arc welding  [5]
 B23K 9/013
·  Arc cutting, gouging, scarfing or desurfacing  [5]
 B23K 9/02
·  Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
 B23K 9/025
·  ·  for rectilinear seams  [5]
 B23K 9/028
·  ·  for curved planar seams  [5]
 B23K 9/035
·  ·  with backing means disposed under the seam  [5]
 B23K 9/04
·  Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
 B23K 9/06
·  Arrangements or circuits for starting the arc, e.g. by generating ignition voltage, or for stabilising the arc  [5]
 B23K 9/08
·  Arrangements or circuits for magnetic control of the arc
 B23K 9/09
·  Arrangements or circuits for arc welding with pulsed current or voltage  [3]
 B23K 9/095
·  Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters  [5]
 B23K 9/10
·  Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls
 B23K 9/12
·  Automatic feeding or moving of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting
 B23K 9/127
·  ·  Means for tracking lines during arc welding or cutting (copying in general B23Q 35/00)  [5]
 B23K 9/133
·  ·  Means for feeding electrodes, e.g. drums, rolls, motors  [5]
 B23K 9/14
·  making use of insulated electrodes
 B23K 9/16
·  making use of shielding gas
 B23K 9/167
·  ·  and of a non-consumable electrode  [5]
 B23K 9/173
·  ·  and of consumable electrode  [5]
 B23K 9/18
·  Submerged-arc welding
 B23K 9/20
·  Stud welding
 B23K 9/22
·  Percussion welding
 B23K 9/23
·  taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded  [3]
 B23K 9/235
·  Preliminary treatment  [3]
 B23K 9/24
·  Features related to electrodes (form or composition of electrodes B23K 35/00)
 B23K 9/32
·  Accessories (earthing connections H01R)
P:40 B23K 10/00
Welding or cutting by means of a plasma  [5]
 B23K 10/02
·  Plasma welding  [5]
P:110 B23K 11/00
Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
 B23K 11/02
·  Pressure butt welding
 B23K 11/04
·  Flash butt welding
 B23K 11/06
·  using roller electrodes
 B23K 11/10
·  Spot welding; Stitch welding
 B23K 11/11
·  ·  Spot welding  [5]
 B23K 11/14
·  Projection welding
 B23K 11/16
·  taking account of the properties of the material to be welded
 B23K 11/24
·  Electric supply or control circuits therefor
 B23K 11/25
·  ·  Monitoring devices  [5]
 B23K 11/26
·  ·  Storage discharge welding
 B23K 11/30
·  Features relating to electrodes (form or composition of electrodes B23K 35/00)
 B23K 11/36
·  Auxiliary equipment (B23K 11/30 takes precedence)  [3,5]
P:80 B23K 13/00
Welding by high-frequency current heating  [5]
 B23K 15/00 - 
B23K 28/00
Other welding or cutting; Working by laser beam  [3]
P:60 B23K 15/00
Electron-beam welding or cutting (electron- or ion-beam tubes H01J 37/00)
 B23K 15/08
·  Removing material, e.g. by cutting, by hole drilling  [5]
P:20 B23K 17/00
Use of the energy of nuclear particles in welding or related techniques
P:50 B23K 20/00
Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating  [3]
 B23K 20/02
·  by means of a press  [3]
 B23K 20/04
·  by means of a rolling mill  [3]
 B23K 20/06
·  by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy  [3]
 B23K 20/10
·  making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding  [3]
 B23K 20/12
·  the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding  [3]
 B23K 20/14
·  Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding (formed by material interposed between workpieces B23K 20/18)  [3]
 B23K 20/16
·  with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas  [3]
 B23K 20/18
·  Zonal welding by interposing weld-preventing substances between zones not to be welded  [3]
 B23K 20/20
·  Special methods allowing subsequent separation, e.g. of metals of high quality from scrap material  [3]
 B23K 20/22
·  taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded  [3]
 B23K 20/24
·  Preliminary treatment  [3]
 B23K 20/26
·  Auxiliary equipment  [3]
P:70 B23K 23/00
Alumino-thermic welding
P:90 B23K 25/00
Slag welding, i.e. using a heated layer or mass of powder, slag, or the like in contact with the material to be joined (B23K 23/00 takes precedence; submerged-arc welding B23K 9/18)
P:30 B23K 26/00
Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting, boring (soldering by means of radiant energy B23K 1/005; joining of preformed plastics parts by heating using laser beam B29C 65/14; lasers H01S 3/00)  [2,3]
 B23K 26/02
·  Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam  [3]
 B23K 26/04
·  ·  Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light  [3]
 B23K 26/06
·  ·  Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing (optical elements, systems, or apparatus, in general G02B)  [3]
 B23K 26/08
·  Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece  [3]
 B23K 26/10
·  ·  using a fixed support  [3]
 B23K 26/12
·  in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure  [3]
 B23K 26/14
·  using a flow, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam (B23K 26/12 takes precedence)  [3]
 B23K 26/16
·  Removing of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece (by a flow of gas B23K 26/14)  [3]
 B23K 26/18
·  using absorbing layers on the material being worked, e.g. for marking or protecting purposes  [3]
P:140 B23K 28/00
Welding or cutting not covered by groups B23K 5/00-B23K 26/00 (joining workpieces by electrolysis C25D 2/00; electrolytic removal of materials C25F)  [2]
P:10 B23K 31/00
Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by any single one of main groups B23K 1/00-B23K 28/00 (making tubes or profiled bars involving operations other than soldering or welding B21C 37/00, B21C 37/08)
 B23K 31/02
·  relating to soldering or welding (dip or wave soldering in the manufacture of printed circuits H05K 3/34)
 B23K 31/10
·  relating to cutting or desurfacing
 B23K 31/12
·  relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials  [5]
P:0 B23K 33/00
Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby
P:180 B23K 35/00
Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
 B23K 35/02
·  characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
 B23K 35/22
·  characterised by the composition or nature of the material
 B23K 35/24
·  ·  Selection of soldering or welding materials proper (B23K 35/34 takes precedence)
 B23K 35/26
·  ·  ·  with the principal constituent melting at less than 400°C
 B23K 35/28
·  ·  ·  with the principal constituent melting at less than 950°C
 B23K 35/30
·  ·  ·  with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550°C
 B23K 35/34
·  ·  comprising compounds which yield metals when heated
 B23K 35/36
·  ·  Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes (B23K 35/34 takes precedence); Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest (selection of soldering or welding materials proper B23K 35/24)  [2]
 B23K 35/362
·  ·  ·  Selection of compositions of fluxes (B23K 35/365, B23K 35/368 take precedence)  [2]
 B23K 35/365
·  ·  ·  Selection of non-metallic compositions of coating materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials  [2]
 B23K 35/368
·  ·  ·  Selection of non-metallic compositions of core materials either alone or conjoint with selection of soldering or welding materials  [2]
P:170 B23K 37/00
Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass (eye-shields for welders worn on the operator's body or carried in the hand A61F 9/00; applicable to metal-working machines other than soldering, welding, or flame-cutting machines B23Q; other protective shields F16P 1/00)
 B23K 37/02
·  Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element
 B23K 37/04
·  for holding or positioning work
 B23K 37/047
·  ·  moving work to adjust its position between soldering, welding or cutting steps (B23K 37/053 takes precedence)  [5]
 B23K 37/053
·  ·  aligning cylindrical work; Clamping devices therefor  [5]
 B23K 37/06
·  for positioning the molten material, e.g. confining it to a desired area
 B23K 37/08
·  for flash removal  [5]