B
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
 B01 - 
B07
Subsection index
LIQUID/LIQUID, LIQUID/GAS OR GAS/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/LIQUID OR SOLID/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/SOLID SEPARATION
Method
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB07B
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
Apparatus
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
  
SHAPING
 B31
MAKING PAPER ARTICLES; WORKING PAPER (making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard B32B; handling thin material, e.g. sheets, webs, B65H)
 B31

Note(s)

  1. This class covers subject matter restricted to adaptations or associations of handling sheets, webs, or blanks peculiar to paper-working, e.g. bag or box making, machinery.
  2. This class does not cover:
  3. In this class, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "paper" covers material worked in a manner analogous to paper, e.g. plastics sheet materials, laminated materials or metal foils.
 B31B
MAKING BOXES, CARTONS, ENVELOPES, OR BAGS (incising, scoring, in general B26D 3/08; combined making and filling B65B)
 B31B

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, envelopes or bags are regarded as being essentially flexible containers, the final shape of which is determined by their contents.
  2. In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "boxes or cartons" includes bags formed similarly to cartons, trays with upstanding side-walls, barrels, tubes and cups, other than articles formed by winding.
 B31B
Subclass index
MAKING IN GENERAL 1/00, 47/00, 49/00
MAKING BOXES OR CARTONS
Characterised by the method of making
by folding a single piece 3/00, 5/00
by assembling pieces 13/00, 17/00
by other shaping under pressure 43/00
Characterised by the kind of articles
lined or reinforced articles 7/00, 9/00, 15/00
other specified articles 11/00, 13/00, 45/00
MAKING ENVELOPES OR BAGS
Characterised by the method of making
from sheets 21/00, 31/00 - 35/00
from webs 23/00, 37/00
by other shaping under pressure 43/00
Characterised by the kind of articles
flat rectangular articles 19/00 - 23/00
articles with bases provided for thickness 29/00 - 37/00
other specified articles 25/00, 27/00, 39/00, 41/00, 45/00
P:220 B31B 1/00
Box, carton, envelope or bag making machinery characterised by performing specific operations (machinery for performing operations of general application, see the appropriate subclasses)
 B31B 1/02
·  Feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 1/04
·  ·  Feeding sheets or blanks
 B31B 1/06
·  ·  ·  from stacks
 B31B 1/08
·  ·  ·  during envelope- or bag-making operations
 B31B 1/10
·  ·  Feeding or positioning webs
 B31B 1/12
·  ·  by air pressure or suction
 B31B 1/14
·  Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 1/16
·  ·  Cutting webs to form sheets or blanks
 B31B 1/18
·  ·  Slitting webs longitudinally
 B31B 1/20
·  ·  Cutting sheets or blanks
 B31B 1/22
·  ·  ·  Notching; Trimming edges of flaps
 B31B 1/24
·  ·  ·  Making window openings
 B31B 1/25
·  Surface scoring (cutting through material B31B 1/14)  [2]
 B31B 1/26
·  Folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 1/28
·  ·  around mandrels, including bottom-forming operations
 B31B 1/30
·  ·  ·  the mandrels moving
 B31B 1/32
·  ·  ·  ·  in circular paths
 B31B 1/34
·  ·  ·  ·  about their own axes
 B31B 1/36
·  ·  by continuously feeding same to stationary members, e.g. plates, ploughs, cores
 B31B 1/38
·  ·  ·  the members being forming-tubes
 B31B 1/40
·  ·  ·  ·  acting internally
 B31B 1/42
·  ·  ·  ·  acting externally
 B31B 1/44
·  ·  by plungers moving through folding dies
 B31B 1/46
·  ·  ·  and interconnecting side walls during such movement
 B31B 1/48
·  ·  ·  ·  by folding or tucking in locking flaps
 B31B 1/50
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  by interengaging tongues and slots
 B31B 1/52
·  ·  by reciprocating or oscillating members, e.g. fingers other than plungers and dies
 B31B 1/54
·  ·  ·  operating on moving material
 B31B 1/56
·  ·  by rotary members co-operating with blades
 B31B 1/58
·  ·  by moving endless belts
 B31B 1/60
·  Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping
 B31B 1/62
·  ·  by adhesives
 B31B 1/64
·  ·  by applying heat or pressure
 B31B 1/66
·  ·  ·  high-frequency electric heating
 B31B 1/68
·  ·  by stitching, stapling, or riveting
 B31B 1/70
·  ·  ·  by corner stapling
 B31B 1/72
·  ·  by applying and securing strips or sheets
 B31B 1/74
·  Auxiliary operations
 B31B 1/76
·  ·  Opening and distending flattened articles
 B31B 1/78
·  ·  ·  mechanically
 B31B 1/80
·  ·  ·  pneumatically
 B31B 1/82
·  ·  Attaching windows
 B31B 1/84
·  ·  Forming valves or applying valve inserts (connection of valves to inflatable elastic bodies B60C 29/00)
 B31B 1/86
·  ·  Forming integral handles or mounting separate handles (making separate handles by multi-step processes B31D 1/06)
 B31B 1/88
·  ·  Printing or embossing
 B31B 1/90
·  ·  Attaching accessories not otherwise provided for, e.g. opening or closure devices, tear strings
 B31B 1/92
·  ·  Delivering
 B31B 1/94
·  ·  ·  singly or in succession
 B31B 1/96
·  ·  ·  ·  in overlapping arrangement
 B31B 1/98
·  ·  ·  in stacks or bundles
 B31B 3/00 - 
B31B 17/00
Machinery for making boxes or cartons
P:80 B31B 3/00
Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons by folding single-piece sheets, blanks, or webs (B31B 5/00 takes precedence)
 B31B 3/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 3/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 3/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 3/28
·  ·  around mandrels, including bottom-forming operations
 B31B 3/30
·  ·  ·  the mandrels moving
 B31B 3/32
·  ·  ·  ·  in circular paths
 B31B 3/34
·  ·  ·  ·  about their own axes
 B31B 3/36
·  ·  by continuously feeding same to stationary members, e.g. plates, ploughs, cores
 B31B 3/44
·  ·  by plungers moving through folding dies
 B31B 3/46
·  ·  ·  and interconnecting side walls during such movement
 B31B 3/48
·  ·  ·  ·  by folding or tucking in locking flaps
 B31B 3/50
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  by interengaging tongues and slots
 B31B 3/52
·  ·  by reciprocating or oscillating members, e.g. fingers other than plungers and dies
 B31B 3/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 3/64
·  ·  by applying heat or pressure
 B31B 3/72
·  ·  by applying and securing strips or sheets
 B31B 3/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:70 B31B 5/00
Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons by folding single-piece sheets which can be set-up from a collapsed condition, including setting-up and recollapsing to break creases
 B31B 5/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets
 B31B 5/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 5/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 5/36
·  ·  by continuously feeding same to stationary members, e.g. plates, ploughs, cores
 B31B 5/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 5/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
 B31B 5/76
·  ·  Opening and distending flattened articles
 B31B 5/78
·  ·  ·  mechanically
 B31B 5/80
·  ·  ·  pneumatically
P:20 B31B 7/00
Machinery characterised by making lined or internally-reinforced boxes or cartons (B31B 11/00 takes precedence)
 B31B 7/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 7/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 7/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 7/28
·  ·  around mandrels, including bottom-forming operations
 B31B 7/30
·  ·  ·  the mandrels moving
 B31B 7/32
·  ·  ·  ·  in circular paths
 B31B 7/44
·  ·  by plungers moving through folding dies
 B31B 7/46
·  ·  ·  and interconnecting side walls during such movement
 B31B 7/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 7/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:30 B31B 9/00
Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons having shouldered walls
 B31B 9/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 9/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 9/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 9/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 9/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:10 B31B 11/00
Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons having partitions or like inserts not integral with walls (making partitions, inserts, or reinforcements for boxes or cartons B31D)
 B31B 11/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 11/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 11/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 11/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 11/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:40 B31B 13/00
Machinery characterised by assembling drawer-and-shell boxes or cartons
 B31B 13/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 13/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 13/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 13/28
·  ·  around mandrels, including bottom-forming operations
 B31B 13/30
·  ·  ·  the mandrels moving
 B31B 13/32
·  ·  ·  ·  in circular paths
 B31B 13/34
·  ·  ·  ·  about their own axes
 B31B 13/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 13/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:50 B31B 15/00
Machinery characterised by making covered or externally-reinforced boxes or cartons
 B31B 15/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 15/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 15/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 15/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 15/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:60 B31B 17/00
Machinery characterised by making other boxes or cartons by assembling several separate sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 17/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 17/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 17/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 17/28
·  ·  around mandrels, including bottom-forming operations
 B31B 17/30
·  ·  ·  the mandrels moving
 B31B 17/32
·  ·  ·  ·  in circular paths
 B31B 17/44
·  ·  by plungers moving through folding dies
 B31B 17/46
·  ·  ·  and interconnecting side walls during such movement
 B31B 17/52
·  ·  by reciprocating or oscillating members, e.g. fingers other than plungers and dies
 B31B 17/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 17/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
 B31B 19/00 - 
B31B 41/00
Machinery for making envelopes or bags
 B31B 19/00 - 
B31B 41/00

Note(s)

Machinery for making boxes or cartons as well as envelopes or bags is classified in groups B31B 3/00-B31B 17/00.

P:190 B31B 19/00
Machinery characterised by making rectangular envelopes or bags of flat form, i.e. without structural provision at the base for thickness of contents (B31B 21/00, B31B 23/00 take precedence)
 B31B 19/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 19/10
·  ·  Feeding or positioning webs
 B31B 19/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 19/16
·  ·  Cutting webs to form sheets or blanks
 B31B 19/18
·  ·  Slitting webs longitudinally
 B31B 19/20
·  ·  Cutting sheets or blanks
 B31B 19/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 19/36
·  ·  by continuously feeding same to stationary members, e.g. plates, ploughs, cores
 B31B 19/52
·  ·  by reciprocating or oscillating members, e.g. fingers other than plungers and dies
 B31B 19/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 19/62
·  ·  by adhesives
 B31B 19/64
·  ·  by applying heat or pressure
 B31B 19/66
·  ·  ·  high-frequency electric heating
 B31B 19/68
·  ·  by stitching, stapling, or riveting
 B31B 19/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
 B31B 19/82
·  ·  Attaching windows
 B31B 19/84
·  ·  Forming valves or applying valve inserts (connection of valves to inflatable elastic bodies B60C 29/00)
 B31B 19/86
·  ·  Forming integral handles or mounting separate handles (making separate handles by multi-step processes B31D 1/06)
 B31B 19/88
·  ·  Printing or embossing
 B31B 19/90
·  ·  Attaching accessories not otherwise provided for, e.g. opening or closure devices, tear strings
 B31B 19/92
·  ·  Delivering
 B31B 19/94
·  ·  ·  singly or in succession
 B31B 19/96
·  ·  ·  ·  in overlapping arrangement
 B31B 19/98
·  ·  ·  in stacks or bundles
P:170 B31B 21/00
Machinery characterised by making rectangular envelopes or bags of flat form, i.e. without structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes
 B31B 21/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets or blanks
 B31B 21/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 21/26
·  and having means for folding sheets or blanks
 B31B 21/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 21/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:180 B31B 23/00
Machinery characterised by making rectangular envelopes or bags of flat form, i.e. without structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from webs, e.g. from flattened tubular webs (machinery characterised by cutting sheets or blanks from webs and working them to form such envelopes or bags B31B 21/00)
 B31B 23/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning webs
 B31B 23/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 23/26
·  and having means for folding webs
 B31B 23/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 23/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:100 B31B 25/00
Machinery characterised by making pointed or tapered envelopes or bags
 B31B 25/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 25/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 25/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 25/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 25/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:110 B31B 27/00
Machinery characterised by making interconnected envelopes or bags
 B31B 27/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 27/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 27/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 27/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 27/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:160 B31B 29/00
Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness or contents (B31B 31/00-B31B 37/00 take precedence)
 B31B 29/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 29/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 29/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 29/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 29/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
 B31B 29/84
·  ·  Forming valves or applying valve inserts (connection of valves to inflatable elastic bodies B60C 29/00)
P:140 B31B 31/00
Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes (B31B 33/00, B31B 35/00 take precedence)
 B31B 31/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets or blanks
 B31B 31/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 31/26
·  and having means for folding sheets or blanks
 B31B 31/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 31/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:120 B31B 33/00
Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes, the longitudinal axes of the envelopes or bags being parallel to the direction in which the sheets or blanks are fed
 B31B 33/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets or blanks
 B31B 33/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 33/26
·  and having means for folding sheets or blanks
 B31B 33/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 33/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:130 B31B 35/00
Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes, the longitudinal axes of the envelopes or bags being perpendicular to the direction in which the sheets or blanks are fed
 B31B 35/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets or blanks
 B31B 35/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 35/26
·  and having means for folding sheets or blanks
 B31B 35/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 35/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:150 B31B 37/00
Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from webs, e.g. from tubular webs (machinery characterised by cutting sheets or blanks from webs and working them to form such envelopes or bags B31B 31/00)
 B31B 37/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning webs
 B31B 37/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 37/26
·  and having means for folding webs
 B31B 37/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 37/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:90 B31B 39/00
Machinery characterised by making lined envelopes or bags
 B31B 39/02
·  and having means for feed or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 39/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 39/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs
 B31B 39/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 39/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
 B31B 39/84
·  ·  Forming valves or applying valve inserts (connection of valves to inflatable elastic bodies B60C 29/00)
P:200 B31B 41/00
Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags of other specific form or construction
 B31B 41/02
·  and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs
 B31B 41/14
·  and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming
 B31B 41/26
·  and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs
 B31B 41/60
·  and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping
 B31B 41/74
·  and having means for effecting auxiliary operations
P:210 B31B 43/00
Machinery characterised by making containers by shaping, otherwise than by folding, sheet material under pressure
P:0 B31B 45/00
Machinery characterised by making containers having corrugated or pleated walls
P:230 B31B 47/00
Hand tools for making envelopes, bags, boxes or cartons
 B31B 47/02
·  for making envelopes or bags without preshaped bottoms
 B31B 47/04
·  for making envelopes or bags with preshaped bottoms
P:240 B31B 49/00
Machinery, accessories or processes not provided for in groups B31B 1/00-B31B 47/00 (forms or constructions of boxes, cartons, envelopes or bags B65D)  [2]
 B31B 49/00

Note(s)

Processes dependent on the use of specific machinery provided for in groups B31B 1/00-B31B 45/00 are classified in those groups.  [2]

 B31B 49/02
·  for making boxes or cartons
 B31B 49/04
·  for making envelopes or bags