B
PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
SHAPING
B22
CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
B22D
CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES (shaping of plastics or substances in a plastic state B29C; metallurgical processing, selection of substances to be added to metal C21, C22)

Note(s)

  • In this subclass, any material to be cast is referred to as metal.
Subclass index
PRELIMINARY TREATMENTS 1/00
INDICATING OR MEASURING 2/00
GENERAL CASTING PROCESSES; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
Centrifugal casting 13/00
Pressure die casting or injection die casting 17/00
Pressure casting, vacuum casting 18/00
Other processes 15/00, 23/00
CASTING CHARACTERISED BY THE PRODUCTS
Pig casting 3/00, 5/00
Ingot casting 7/00, 9/00
Continuous casting 11/00
Casting in, on, or around objects 19/00
Casting for other specified purposes 25/00
CASTING PARTICULAR METALS 21/00
AFTER-TREATMENTS
Of non-solidified metal 27/00
Removing from moulds 29/00
Cooling 30/00
Cutting-off surplus material 31/00
OTHER EQUIPMENT
For handling, for supplying 29/00, 33/00, 35/00, 37/00, 39/00, 41/00
For cleaning 43/00
For other purposes 45/00
CONTROLLING OR SUPERVISING 46/00
CASTING PLANTS 47/00
B22D 1/00
Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting (features relating to gas injection, provided on closures of the sliding-gate type B22D 41/42, provided on pouring-nozzles B22D 41/58) [2006.01]
B22D 2/00
Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass [2006.01]
Casting of pigs, i.e. metal castings suitable for subsequent melting; Similar casting
B22D 3/00
Pig or like casting (equipment for conveying molten metal B22D 35/00) [2006.01]
B22D 3/02
•
Moulding of beds [2006.01]
B22D 5/00
Machines or plants for pig or like casting [2006.01]
B22D 5/02
•
with rotary casting tables [2006.01]
B22D 5/04
•
with endless casting conveyors [2006.01]
Casting of ingots, i.e. metal castings suitable for subsequent rolling or forging
B22D 7/00
Casting ingots (equipment for conveying molten metal B22D 35/00) [2006.01]
B22D 7/02
•
Casting compound ingots of two or more different metals in the molten state, i.e. integrally cast [2006.01]
B22D 7/04
•
Casting hollow ingots [2006.01]
B22D 7/06
•
Ingot moulds or their manufacture [2006.01]
B22D 7/08
•
•
Divided ingot moulds [2006.01]
B22D 7/10
•
•
Hot tops therefor [2006.01]
B22D 7/12
•
Accessories, e.g. for sintering, for preventing splashing [2006.01]
B22D 9/00
Machines or plants for casting ingots [2006.01]
Particular casting processes; Machines or apparatus therefor
B22D 11/00
Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths (metal drawing, metal extruding B21C) [2006.01]
B22D 11/01
•
without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces [2006.01]
B22D 11/04
•
into open-ended moulds (B22D 11/06, B22D 11/07 take precedence; plants for continuous casting, e.g. for upwardly drawing the strand, B22D 11/14) [2006.01]
B22D 11/041
•
•
for vertical casting (B22D 11/043, B22D 11/049-B22D 11/059 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/043
•
•
Curved moulds (B22D 11/049-B22D 11/059 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/045
•
•
for horizontal casting (B22D 11/049-B22D 11/059 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/047
•
•
•
Means for joining tundish to mould [2006.01]
B22D 11/049
•
•
for direct chill casting, e.g. electromagnetic casting [2006.01]
B22D 11/05
•
•
into moulds having adjustable walls [2006.01]
B22D 11/051
•
•
into moulds having oscillating walls [2006.01]
B22D 11/053
•
•
Means for oscillating the moulds [2006.01]
B22D 11/055
•
•
Cooling the moulds [2006.01]
B22D 11/057
•
•
Manufacturing or calibrating the moulds [2006.01]
B22D 11/059
•
•
Mould materials or platings [2006.01]
B22D 11/06
•
into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars (B22D 11/07 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/07
•
Lubricating the moulds [2006.01]
B22D 11/08
•
Accessories for starting the casting procedure [2006.01]
B22D 11/10
•
Supplying or treating molten metal (B22D 41/00 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/103
•
•
Distributing the molten metal, e.g. using runners, floats, distributors [2006.01]
B22D 11/106
•
•
Shielding the molten jet [2006.01]
B22D 11/108
•
•
Feeding additives, powders, or the like [2006.01]
B22D 11/11
•
•
Treating the molten metal [2006.01]
B22D 11/111
•
•
•
by using protecting powders [2006.01]
B22D 11/112
•
•
•
by accelerated cooling [2006.01]
B22D 11/113
•
•
•
by vacuum treating [2006.01]
B22D 11/114
•
•
•
by using agitating or vibrating means (B22D 11/117 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/115
•
•
•
•
by using magnetic fields [2006.01]
B22D 11/116
•
•
•
Refining the metal [2006.01]
B22D 11/117
•
•
•
•
by treating with gases (B22D 11/118, B22D 11/119 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/118
•
•
•
•
by circulating the metal under, over or around weirs (B22D 11/119 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/119
•
•
•
•
by filtering [2006.01]
B22D 11/12
•
Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ (rolling immediately subsequent to continuous casting B21B 1/46, B21B 13/22) [2006.01]
B22D 11/124
•
•
for cooling [2006.01]
B22D 11/126
•
•
for cutting [2006.01]
B22D 11/128
•
•
for removing [2006.01]
B22D 11/14
•
Plants for continuous casting, e.g. for upwardly drawing the strand [2006.01]
B22D 11/16
•
Controlling or regulating processes or operations [2006.01]
B22D 11/18
•
•
for pouring (B22D 11/20 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 11/20
•
•
for removing cast stock [2006.01]
B22D 11/22
•
•
for cooling cast stock or mould [2006.01]
B22D 13/00
Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force [2006.01]
B22D 13/02
•
of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis [2006.01]
B22D 13/04
•
of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry [2006.01]
B22D 13/06
•
of solid or hollow bodies in moulds rotating around an axis arranged outside of the mould [2006.01]
B22D 13/08
•
in which a stationary mould is fed from a rotating mass of liquid metal [2006.01]
B22D 13/10
•
Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor; Means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds or removing castings (making or lining moulds B22C) [2006.01]
B22D 13/12
•
Controlling, supervising, specially adapted to centrifugal casting, e.g. for safety reasons [2006.01]
B22D 15/00
Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor (continuous casting of metals into open-ended moulds for direct chill casting B22D 11/049) [2006.01]
B22D 15/02
•
of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects [2006.01]
B22D 15/04
•
Machines or apparatus for chill casting (B22D 15/02 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 17/00
Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure [2006.01]
B22D 17/02
•
Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted [2006.01]
B22D 17/04
•
•
Plunger machines [2006.01]
B22D 17/06
•
•
Air injection machines [2006.01]
B22D 17/08
•
Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled [2006.01]
B22D 17/10
•
•
with horizontal press motion [2006.01]
B22D 17/12
•
•
with vertical press motion [2006.01]
B22D 17/14
•
Machines with evacuated die cavity [2006.01]
B22D 17/16
•
specially adapted for casting slide fasteners or elements therefor [2006.01]
B22D 17/18
•
Machines built up from units providing for different combinations [2006.01]
B22D 17/20
•
Accessories; Details [2006.01]
B22D 17/22
•
•
Dies (manufacture, see the appropriate class, e.g. B23P 15/24); Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies [2006.01]
B22D 17/24
•
•
•
Accessories for locating and holding cores or inserts [2006.01]
B22D 17/26
•
•
Mechanisms or devices for locking or opening dies [2006.01]
B22D 17/28
•
•
Melting pots [2006.01]
B22D 17/30
•
•
Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations [2006.01]
B22D 17/32
•
•
Controlling equipment [2006.01]
B22D 18/00
Pressure casting; Vacuum casting (B22D 17/00 takes precedence; treating the metal in the mould by using pressure or vacuum B22D 27/00) [2006.01]
B22D 18/02
•
Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressing devices, e.g. cast-forging (B22D 18/04 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 18/04
•
Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould [2006.01]
B22D 18/06
•
Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould [2006.01]
B22D 18/08
•
Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons [2006.01]
B22D 19/00
Casting in, on, or around, objects which form part of the product (B22D 23/04 takes precedence; alumino-thermic welding B23K 23/00; coating by casting molten material on the substrate C23C 6/00) [2006.01]
B22D 19/02
•
for making reinforced articles (B22D 19/14 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 19/04
•
for joining parts [2006.01]
B22D 19/06
•
for manufacturing or repairing tools [2006.01]
B22D 19/08
•
for building up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal [2006.01]
B22D 19/10
•
Repairing defective or damaged objects by metal casting techniques (by other techniques B23P 6/04) [2006.01]
B22D 19/12
•
for making objects, e.g. hinges, with parts which are movable relatively to one another [2006.01]
B22D 19/14
•
the objects being filamentary or particulate in form (making alloys containing fibres or filaments by contacting the fibres or filaments with molten metal C22C 47/08) [2006.01]
B22D 19/16
•
for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills (casting compound ingots B22D 7/02) [2006.01]
B22D 21/00
Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure (apparatus for vacuum casting B22D 18/00); Selection of compositions therefor [2006.01]
B22D 21/02
•
Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere (use of inert atmosphere in casting metals in general B22D 23/00) [2006.01]
B22D 21/04
•
•
Casting aluminium or magnesium [2006.01]
B22D 21/06
•
Casting non-ferrous metals with a high melting-point, e.g. metallic carbides (B22D 21/02 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 23/00
Casting processes not provided for in groups B22D 1/00-B22D 21/00 (making metallic powder by casting B22F 9/08; alumino-thermic welding B23K 23/00; remelting metals C22B 9/16) [2006.01]
B22D 23/02
•
Top casting [2006.01]
B22D 23/04
•
Casting by dipping (hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape C23C 2/00) [2006.01]
B22D 23/06
•
Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould [2006.01]
B22D 23/10
•
•
Electroslag casting [2006.01]
B22D 25/00
Special casting characterised by the nature of the product (B22D 15/02, B22D 17/16, B22D 19/00 take precedence; casting stereotype plates B41D 3/00) [2006.01]
B22D 25/02
•
by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art [2006.01]
B22D 25/04
•
•
Casting metal electric battery plates or the like (manufacture thereof by multi-step processes H01M 4/82) [2006.01]
B22D 25/06
•
by its physical properties (B22D 27/00 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 25/08
•
•
by uniform hardness (B22D 15/00 takes precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 27/00
Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile (B22D 7/12, B22D 11/10, B22D 18/00, B22D 43/00 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 27/02
•
Use of electric or magnetic effects [2006.01]
B22D 27/04
•
Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould (cooling of open-ended moulds in continuous casting B22D 11/055) [2006.01]
B22D 27/06
•
•
Heating the top discard of ingots (hot tops for ingot moulds B22D 7/10) [2006.01]
B22D 27/08
•
Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds (B22D 11/051, B22D 11/053 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 27/09
•
by using pressure [2006.01]
B22D 27/11
•
•
making use of mechanical pressing devices [2006.01]
B22D 27/13
•
•
making use of gas pressure [2006.01]
B22D 27/15
•
by using vacuum [2006.01]
B22D 27/18
•
Measures for using chemical processes for influencing the surface composition of castings, e.g. for increasing resistance to acid attack [2006.01]
B22D 27/20
•
Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor [2006.01]
Final measures after casting
B22D 29/00
Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots [2006.01]
B22D 29/02
•
Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks [2006.01]
B22D 29/04
•
Handling or stripping castings or ingots (grippers in general, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. B66C) [2006.01]
B22D 29/06
•
•
Strippers actuated by fluid pressure [2006.01]
B22D 29/08
•
•
Strippers actuated mechanically [2006.01]
B22D 30/00
Cooling castings, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group (accessories for cooling cast stock in continuous casting of metals B22D 11/124; controlling or regulating processes or operations for cooling cast stock or mould in continuous casting of metals B22D 11/22; chill casting B22D 15/00) [2006.01]
B22D 31/00
Cutting-off surplus material after casting, e.g. gates (cleaning of castings by sand-blasting B24C) [2006.01]
Other equipment for casting [3]
B22D 33/00
Equipment for handling moulds [2006.01]
B22D 33/02
•
Turning or transposing moulds [2006.01]
B22D 33/04
•
Bringing together or separating moulds [2006.01]
B22D 33/06
•
Burdening or relieving moulds [2006.01]
B22D 35/00
Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds (B22D 37/00-B22D 41/00 take precedence; specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups) [2006.01]
B22D 35/02
•
into beds [2006.01]
B22D 35/04
•
into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners [2006.01]
B22D 35/06
•
Heating or cooling equipment [2006.01]
B22D 37/00
Controlling or regulating the pouring of molten metal from a casting melt-holding vessel (B22D 39/00, B22D 41/00 take precedence; specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups of this subclass) [2006.01]
B22D 39/00
Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations (specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups of this subclass) [2006.01]
B22D 39/02
•
having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by volume [2006.01]
B22D 39/04
•
having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by weight [2006.01]
B22D 39/06
•
having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal [2006.01]
B22D 41/00
Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like (B22D 39/00, B22D 43/00 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 41/005
•
with heating or cooling means [2006.01]
B22D 41/01
•
•
Heating means [2006.01]
B22D 41/015
•
•
•
with external heating, i.e. the heat source not being a part of the ladle [2006.01]
B22D 41/02
•
Linings [2006.01]
B22D 41/04
•
tiltable [2006.01]
B22D 41/05
•
•
Tea-pot spout ladles [2006.01]
B22D 41/06
•
Equipment for tilting [2006.01]
B22D 41/08
•
for bottom pouring (B22D 41/14, B22D 41/50 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 41/12
•
Travelling ladles or similar containers; Cars for ladles (casting cranes B66C) [2006.01]
B22D 41/13
•
•
Ladle turrets [2006.01]
B22D 41/14
•
Closures [2006.01]
B22D 41/16
•
•
stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening [2006.01]
B22D 41/18
•
•
•
Stopper-rods therefor [2006.01]
B22D 41/20
•
•
•
Stopper-rod operating equipment [2006.01]
B22D 41/22
•
•
sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings [2006.01]
B22D 41/24
•
•
•
characterised by a rectilinearly movable plate (B22D 41/38-B22D 41/42 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 41/26
•
•
•
characterised by a rotatively movable plate (B22D 41/38-B22D 41/42 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 41/28
•
•
•
Plates therefor (B22D 41/38-B22D 41/42 take precedence) [2006.01]
B22D 41/30
•
•
•
•
Manufacturing or repairing thereof [2006.01]
B22D 41/32
•
•
•
•
•
characterised by the materials used therefor [2006.01]
B22D 41/34
•
•
•
•
Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor [2006.01]
B22D 41/36
•
•
•
•
Treating the plates, e.g. lubricating, heating (ladles, cups or the like with heating means B22D 41/01) [2006.01]
B22D 41/38
•
•
•
Means for operating the sliding gate [2006.01]
B22D 41/40
•
•
•
Means for pressing the plates together [2006.01]
B22D 41/42
•
•
•
Features relating to gas injection [2006.01]
B22D 41/44
•
•
Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once [2006.01]
B22D 41/46
•
•
•
Refractory plugging masses [2006.01]
B22D 41/48
•
•
•
Meltable closures [2006.01]
B22D 41/50
•
Pouring-nozzles [2006.01]
B22D 41/52
•
•
Manufacturing or repairing thereof [2006.01]
B22D 41/54
•
•
•
characterised by the materials used therefor [2006.01]
B22D 41/56
•
•
Means for supporting, manipulating or changing a pouring-nozzle [2006.01]
B22D 41/58
•
•
with gas injecting means [2006.01]
B22D 41/60
•
•
with heating or cooling means [2006.01]
B22D 41/62
•
•
with stirring or vibrating means [2006.01]
B22D 43/00
Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals [2006.01]
B22D 45/00
Equipment for casting, not otherwise provided for [2006.01]
B22D 46/00
Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons [2006.01]
B22D 47/00
Casting plants [2006.01]
B22D 47/02
•
for both moulding and casting [2006.01]