G
PHYSICS

Note(s)

  • In this section, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "variable" (as a noun) means a feature or property (e.g., a dimension, a physical condition such as temperature, a quality such as density or colour) which, in respect of a particular entity (e.g., an object, a quantity of a substance, a beam of light) and at a particular instant, is capable of being measured; the variable may change, so that its numerical expression may assume different values at different times, in different conditions or in individual cases, but may be constant in respect of a particular entity in certain conditions or for practical purposes (e.g., the length of a bar may be regarded as constant for many purposes).
  • Attention is drawn to the definitions of terms or expressions used. Some appear in the notes of several of the classes in this section, see in particular the definition of "measuring" in class G01. Others appear in paragaph 187 of the Guide to the IPC, see in particular the definitions of "control" and "regulation".
  • Classification in this section may present more difficulty than in other sections, because the distinction between different fields of use rests to a considerable extent on differences in the intention of the user rather than on any constructional differences or differences in the manner of use, and because the subjects dealt with are often in effect systems or combinations, which have features or parts in common, rather than "things", which are readily distinguishable as a whole. For example, information (e.g., a set of figures) may be displayed for the purpose of education or advertising ( G09), for enabling the result of a measurement to be known ( G01), for signalling the information to a distant point or for giving information which has been signalled from a distant point ( G08). The words used to describe the purpose depend on features that may be irrelevant to the form of the apparatus concerned, for example, such features as the desired effect on the person who sees the display, or whether the display is controlled from a remote point. Again, a device which responds to some change in a condition, e.g., in the pressure of a fluid, may be used, without modification of the device itself, to give information about the pressure ( G01L) or about some other condition linked to the pressure (another subclass of class G01, e.g., G01K for temperature), to make a record of the pressure or of its occurrence ( G07C), to give an alarm ( G08B), or to control another apparatus ( G05).
    • The classification scheme is intended to enable things of a similar nature (as indicated above) to be classified together. It is therefore particularly necessary for the real nature of any technical subject to be decided before it can be properly classified.
INSTRUMENTS
G08
SIGNALLING
G08G
TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS (guiding railway traffic, ensuring the safety of railway traffic B61L; radar or analogous systems, sonar systems or lidar systems specially adapted for traffic control G01S 13/91, G01S 15/88, G01S 17/88; radar or analogous systems, sonar systems or lidar systems specially adapted for anti-collision purposes G01S 13/93, G01S 15/93, G01S 17/93; control of position, course, altitude or attitude of land, water, air or space vehicles, not being specific to a traffic environment G05D 1/00) [2]

Note(s) [7]

  • This subclass covers:
    • identification of traffic offenders;
    • indicating the position of vehicles for traffic control purposes;
    • navigation systems for traffic control purposes, i.e. systems in which the navigation is not performed autonomously by or in the vehicles, but where the vehicles are guided by instructions transmitted to them;
    • indication of free spaces in parking areas.
G08G 1/00
Traffic control systems for road vehicles (arrangement of road signs or traffic signals E01F 9/00) [2006.01]
G08G 1/005
including pedestrian guidance indicator [2006.01]
G08G 1/01
Detecting movement of traffic to be counted or controlled (G08G 1/07-G08G 1/14 take precedence; road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users G07B 15/06) [2006.01]
G08G 1/015
with provision for distinguishing between motor cars and cycles [2006.01]
G08G 1/017
identifying vehicles (G08G 1/015, G08G 1/054 take precedence) [2006.01]
G08G 1/02
using treadles built into the road [2006.01]
G08G 1/04
using optical or ultrasonic detectors [2006.01]
G08G 1/042
using inductive or magnetic detectors [2006.01]
G08G 1/048
with provision for compensation of environmental or other condition, e.g. snow, vehicle stopped at detector [2006.01]
G08G 1/052
with provision for determining speed or overspeed [2006.01]
G08G 1/054
photographing overspeeding vehicles [2006.01]
G08G 1/056
with provision for distinguishing direction of travel [2006.01]
G08G 1/065
by counting the vehicles in a section of the road or in a parking area, i.e. comparing incoming count with outgoing count (road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users G07B 15/06) [2006.01]
G08G 1/07
Controlling traffic signals [2006.01]
G08G 1/08
according to detected number or speed of vehicles [2006.01]
G08G 1/081
Plural intersections under common control [2006.01]
G08G 1/082
Controlling the time between beginning of the same phase of a cycle at adjacent intersections [2006.01]
G08G 1/083
Controlling the allocation of time between phases of a cycle [2006.01]
G08G 1/085
using a free-running cyclic timer [2006.01]
G08G 1/087
Override of traffic control, e.g. by signal transmitted by an emergency vehicle [2006.01]
G08G 1/09
Arrangements for giving variable traffic instructions [2006.01]
G08G 1/095
Traffic lights [2006.01]
G08G 1/0955
transportable [2006.01]
G08G 1/096
provided with indicators in which a mark progresses showing the time elapsed, e.g. of green phase [2006.01]
G08G 1/0962
having an indicator mounted inside the vehicle, e.g. giving voice messages [2006.01]
G08G 1/0965
responding to signals from another vehicle, e.g. emergency vehicle [2006.01]
G08G 1/0967
Systems involving transmission of highway information, e.g. weather, speed limits (G08G 1/0968 takes precedence) [2006.01]
G08G 1/0968
Systems involving transmission of navigation instructions to the vehicle [2006.01]
G08G 1/0969
having a display in the form of a map [2006.01]
G08G 1/097
Supervising of traffic control systems, e.g. by giving an alarm if two crossing streets have green light simultaneously [2006.01]
G08G 1/123
indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles [2006.01]
G08G 1/127
to a central station [2006.01]
G08G 1/13
the indicator being in the form of a map [2006.01]
G08G 1/133
within the vehicle [2006.01]
G08G 1/137
the indicator being in the form of a map [2006.01]
G08G 1/14
indicating individual free spaces in parking areas [2006.01]
G08G 1/16
Anti-collision systems [2006.01]
G08G 3/00
Traffic control systems for marine craft (marking of navigational route  B63B 51/00) [2006.01]
G08G 3/02
Anti-collision systems [2006.01]
G08G 5/00
Traffic control systems for aircraft [2006.01]
G08G 5/02
Automatic landing aids, i.e. systems in which flight data of incoming planes are processed to provide landing data (landing aids fitted in or to aircraft, or safety measures fitted in or to aircraft to prevent collision with earth's surface B64D 45/04; visual or acoustic landing aids on the ground or on aircraft-carrier decks B64F 1/18) [2006.01]
G08G 5/04
Anti-collision systems [2006.01]
G08G 5/06
for control when on the ground [2006.01]
G08G 7/00
Traffic control systems for simultaneous control of two or more different kinds of craft [2006.01]
G08G 7/02
Anti-collision systems [2006.01]
G08G 9/00
Traffic control systems for craft where the kind of craft is irrelevant or unspecified [2006.01]
G08G 9/02
Anti-collision systems [2006.01]
G08G 99/00
Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass [2006.01]