|  | C |
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

|  | C |
Note(s) In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows: Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg Heavy metals: metals other than light metals Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens Metals: elements other than non-metals Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards Section C covers: pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation; applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents; certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry; certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general; metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys. In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27. There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example: Certain extractive processes, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61K; The chemical purification of air, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61L; Chemical methods of fire-fighting, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62D; Chemical processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01; Impregnation of wood, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27K; Chemical methods of analysis or testing, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N; Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D. In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for: treatment of plants or animals, covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01N; foodstuffs, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23; ammunition or explosives, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F42. When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.

CHEMISTRY

|  | C03 |
GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL

|  | C03C |
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES, OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS

|  | C03C |
Subclass index
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION |
For glasses | 1/00, 3/00, 4/00, 6/00, 10/00 - 12/00
For glazes, for vitreous enamels | 1/00, 8/00
For devitrified glass ceramics | 10/00
For fibres or filaments | 13/00
For glass containing a non-glass component | 14/00
SURFACE TREATMENTS |
By diffusion into the surface | 21/00
By coating | 17/00
Other treatments | 15/00, 19/00, 23/00
Of fibres or filaments | 25/00
JOINING | 27/00, 29/00
GLASS OF SPECIAL STRUCTURE | 10/00 - 12/00, 14/00

|  | C03C 1/00 - C03C 14/00 |
Chemical composition of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels

|  | C03C 1/00 - C03C 14/00 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 1/00-C03C 14/00, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place. [4]

P:170 |  | C03C 1/00 |
Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes or vitreous enamels

|  | C03C 1/02 |
· | Pretreated ingredients

|  | C03C 1/04 |
· | Opacifiers, e.g. fluorides or phosphates; Pigments

|  | C03C 1/06 |
· · | to produce non-uniformly pigmented, e.g. speckled, marbled, or veined products

|  | C03C 1/08 |
· | to produce crackled effects

|  | C03C 1/10 |
· | to produce uniformly-coloured transparent products

P:160 |  | C03C 3/00 |
Glass compositions (glass batch compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 6/00) [4]

|  | C03C 3/04 |
· | containing silica [4]

|  | C03C 3/06 - C03C 3/076 |
Note(s) If silica is specified as being present in a percent range covered by two of the groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 3/06, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 3/062 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 3/076, classification is made in both groups. If the range is covered by the three groups, classification is made in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 3/04 itself. [4]

|  | C03C 3/06 |
· · | with more than 90% silica by weight, e.g. quartz

|  | C03C 3/062 |
· · | with less than 40% silica by weight [4]

|  | C03C 3/064 |
· · · | containing boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/066 |
· · · · | containing zinc [4]

|  | C03C 3/068 |
· · · · | containing rare earths [4]

|  | C03C 3/07 |
· · · | containing lead [4]

|  | C03C 3/072 |
· · · · | containing boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/074 |
· · · · · | containing zinc [4]

|  | C03C 3/076 |
· · | with 40% to 90% silica by weight [4]

|  | C03C 3/078 |
· · · | containing an oxide of a divalent metal, e.g. an oxide of zinc [4]

|  | C03C 3/083 |
· · · | containing aluminium oxide or an iron compound [4]

|  | C03C 3/085 |
· · · · | containing an oxide of a divalent metal [4]

|  | C03C 3/087 |
· · · · · | containing calcium oxide, e.g. common sheet or container glass [4]

|  | C03C 3/089 |
· · · | containing boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/091 |
· · · · | containing aluminium [4]

|  | C03C 3/093 |
· · · · · | containing zinc or zirconium [4]

|  | C03C 3/095 |
· · · | containing rare earths [4]

|  | C03C 3/097 |
· · · | containing phosphorus, niobium or tantalum [4]

|  | C03C 3/102 |
· · · | containing lead [4]

|  | C03C 3/105 |
· · · · | containing aluminium [4]

|  | C03C 3/108 |
· · · · | containing boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/11 |
· · · | containing halogen or nitrogen [4]

|  | C03C 3/112 |
· · · · | containing fluorine [4]

|  | C03C 3/115 |
· · · · · | containing boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/118 |
· · · · · · | containing aluminium [4]

|  | C03C 3/12 |
· | Silica-free oxide glass compositions [4]

|  | C03C 3/14 |
· · | containing boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/145 |
· · · | containing aluminium or beryllium [4]

|  | C03C 3/15 |
· · · | containing rare earths [4]

|  | C03C 3/155 |
· · · · | containing zirconium, titanium, tantalum or niobium [4]

|  | C03C 3/16 |
· · | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C03C 3/17 |
· · · | containing aluminium or beryllium [4]

|  | C03C 3/19 |
· · · | containing boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/21 |
· · · | containing titanium, zirconium, vanadium, tungsten or molybdenum [4]

|  | C03C 3/23 |
· · | containing halogen and at least one oxide, e.g. oxide of boron [4]

|  | C03C 3/247 |
· · · | containing fluorine and phosphorus [4]

|  | C03C 3/253 |
· · | containing germanium [4]

|  | C03C 3/32 |
· | Non-oxide glass compositions, e.g. binary or ternary halides, sulfides, or nitrides of germanium, selenium or tellurium [4]

P:150 |  | C03C 4/00 |
Compositions for glass with special properties [4]

|  | C03C 4/00 |
Note(s) When classifying in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 4/00, classification is also made in the appropriate subgroups of group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 3/00 according to the glass composition. [4]

|  | C03C 4/02 |
· | for coloured glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/04 |
· | for photosensitive glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/06 |
· · | for phototropic or photochromic glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/08 |
· | for glass selectively absorbing radiation of specified wave lengths [4]

|  | C03C 4/10 |
· | for infra-red transmitting glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/12 |
· | for luminescent glass; for fluorescent glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/14 |
· | for electro-conductive glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/16 |
· | for dielectric glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/18 |
· | for ion-sensitive glass [4]

|  | C03C 4/20 |
· | for chemical resistant glass [4]

P:140 |  | C03C 6/00 |
Glass batch compositions (single ingredients of batch compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 1/00) [4]

|  | C03C 6/00 |
Note(s) This group covers also compositions which are intended to be heated sufficiently for their ingredients to fuse into a glass, e.g. glass furnace charges. [4]

|  | C03C 6/02 |
· | containing silicates, e.g. cullet [4]

|  | C03C 6/04 |
· | containing uncombined silica, e.g. sand [4]

|  | C03C 6/06 |
· | containing halogen compounds [4]

|  | C03C 6/08 |
· | containing pellets or agglomerates [4]

|  | C03C 6/10 |
· | containing slag [4]

P:130 |  | C03C 8/00 |
Enamels; Glazes (cold glazes for ceramics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04B 41/86); Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions [4]

|  | C03C 8/02 |
· | Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form [4]

|  | C03C 8/04 |
· · | containing zinc [4]

|  | C03C 8/06 |
· · | containing halogen [4]

|  | C03C 8/08 |
· · | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C03C 8/10 |
· · | containing lead [4]

|  | C03C 8/12 |
· · · | containing titanium or zirconium [4]

|  | C03C 8/14 |
· | Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill additions [4]

|  | C03C 8/16 |
· · | with vehicle or suspending agents, e.g. slip [4]

|  | C03C 8/18 |
· · | containing free metals [4]

|  | C03C 8/20 |
· · | containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds [4]

|  | C03C 8/22 |
· | containing two or more distinct frits having different compositions [4]

|  | C03C 8/24 |
· | Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions, i.e. for use as seals between dissimilar materials, e.g. glass and metal; Glass solders [4]

P:120 |  | C03C 10/00 |
Devitrified glass ceramics, i.e. glass ceramics having a crystalline phase dispersed in a glassy phase and constituting at least 50% by weight of the total composition [4]

|  | C03C 10/02 |
· | Non-silica and non-silicate crystalline phase, e.g. spinel, barium titanate [4]

|  | C03C 10/04 |
· | Silicate or polysilicate crystalline phase, e.g. mullite, diopside, sphene, plagioclase [4]

|  | C03C 10/06 |
· · | Divalent metal oxide aluminosilicate crystalline phase, e.g. anorthite, slagcerams [4]

|  | C03C 10/08 |
· · · | Magnesium aluminosilicate, e.g. cordierite [4]

|  | C03C 10/10 |
· · | Alkali metal aluminosilicate crystalline phase [4]

|  | C03C 10/12 |
· · · | Lithium aluminosilicate, e.g. spodumene, eucryptite [4]

|  | C03C 10/14 |
· | Silica crystalline phase, e.g. stuffed quartz, cristobalite [4]

|  | C03C 10/16 |
· | Halogen-containing crystalline phase [4]

P:110 |  | C03C 11/00 |
Multi-cellular glass

P:100 |  | C03C 12/00 |
Powdered glass (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 8/02 takes precedence); Bead compositions [4]

|  | C03C 12/02 |
· | Reflective beads [4]

P:90 |  | C03C 13/00 |
Fibre or filament compositions (manufacture of fibres or filaments Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03B 37/00)

|  | C03C 13/02 |
· | containing compounds of titanium or zirconium [4]

|  | C03C 13/04 |
· | Fibre optics, e.g. core and clad fibre compositions [4]

|  | C03C 13/06 |
· | Mineral fibres, e.g. slag wool, mineral wool, rock wool [4]

P:80 |  | C03C 14/00 |
Glass compositions containing a non-glass component, e.g. compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix (glass batch compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 6/00; devitrified glass-ceramics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 10/00) [4]

|  | C03C 15/00 - C03C 25/00 |
Surface treatment of glass; Surface treatment of fibres or filaments from glass, minerals or slags

|  | C03C 15/00 - C03C 25/00 |
Note(s) Treatment of materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone is classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04B. [4]

P:40 |  | C03C 15/00 |
Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by etching (etching or surface-brightening compositions, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 13/00) [2]

|  | C03C 15/02 |
· | for making a smooth surface

P:50 |  | C03C 17/00 |
Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating (optical coatings of optical elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G02B 1/10)

|  | C03C 17/02 |
· | with glass (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/34, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/44 take precedence) [3]

|  | C03C 17/04 |
· · | by fritting glass powder

|  | C03C 17/06 |
· | with metals (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/34, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/44 take precedence) [3]

|  | C03C 17/09 |
· · | by deposition from the vapour phase [3]

|  | C03C 17/10 |
· · | by deposition from the liquid phase

|  | C03C 17/22 |
· | with other inorganic material (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/34, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/44 take precedence) [3]

|  | C03C 17/23 |
· · | Oxides (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/02 takes precedence) [3]

|  | C03C 17/245 |
· · · | by deposition from the vapour phase [3]

|  | C03C 17/25 |
· · · | by deposition from the liquid phase [3]

|  | C03C 17/27 |
· · · | by oxidation of a coating previously applied [3]

|  | C03C 17/28 |
· | with organic material (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/34, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/44 take precedence) [3]

|  | C03C 17/30 |
· · | with silicon-containing compounds

|  | C03C 17/32 |
· · | with synthetic or natural resins (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/30 takes precedence)

|  | C03C 17/34 |
· | with at least two coatings having different compositions (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/44 takes precedence) [3]

|  | C03C 17/36 |
· · | at least one coating being a metal [3]

|  | C03C 17/38 |
· · · | at least one coating being a coating of an organic material [3]

|  | C03C 17/40 |
· · · | all coatings being metal coatings [3]

|  | C03C 17/42 |
· · | at least one coating of an organic material and at least one non-metal coating [3]

|  | C03C 17/44 |
· | Lustring [3]

P:60 |  | C03C 19/00 |
Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by mechanical means (sand-blasting, grinding, or polishing glass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B24)

P:30 |  | C03C 21/00 |
Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals into the surface

P:70 |  | C03C 23/00 |
Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres or filaments

P:20 |  | C03C 25/00 |
Surface treatment of fibres or filaments from glass, minerals, or slags

|  | C03C 25/10 |
· | by coating [7]

|  | C03C 25/12 |
· · | General methods for coating; Devices therefor [7]

|  | C03C 25/14 |
· · · | Spraying [7]

|  | C03C 25/16 |
· · · | Dipping [7]

|  | C03C 25/18 |
· · · | using extrusion devices [7]

|  | C03C 25/20 |
· · · | Contacting the fibres with applicators, e.g. rolls [7]

|  | C03C 25/22 |
· · · | Deposition from the vapour phase [7]

|  | C03C 25/24 - C03C 25/48 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24-C03C 25/48, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place. [7] A coating composition, i.e. a mixture of two or more constituents, is classified in the last of groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24-C03C 25/42 that provides for at least one of these constituents. [8] When classifying in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24-C03C 25/42 any individual constituent, i.e. compound or ingredient of a coating composition, which is not identified by the classification according to Note (2), and which itself is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in the last appropriate place in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24-C03C 25/42. [8] When classifying in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24-C03C 25/42 any individual constituent of a coating composition which is not identified by the classification according to Note (2) or (3), and which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24-C03C 25/42. This can, for example, be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of coating compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information". [8]

|  | C03C 25/24 |
· · | Coatings containing organic materials [7]

|  | C03C 25/26 |
· · · | Macromolecular compounds or prepolymers [7]

|  | C03C 25/28 |
· · · · | obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. acrylic resins [7]

|  | C03C 25/30 |
· · · · · | Polyolefins [7]

|  | C03C 25/32 |
· · · · | obtained otherwise than by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [7]

|  | C03C 25/34 |
· · · · · | Condensation polymers of aldehydes, e.g. with phenols, ureas, melamines, amides or amines [7]

|  | C03C 25/36 |
· · · · · | Epoxy resins [7]

|  | C03C 25/38 |
· · · | Organo-metallic compounds [7]

|  | C03C 25/40 |
· · · | Organo-silicon compounds [7]

|  | C03C 25/42 |
· · | Coatings containing inorganic materials [7]

|  | C03C 25/44 |
· · · | Carbon, e.g. graphite [7]

|  | C03C 25/46 |
· · · | Metals [7]

|  | C03C 25/48 |
· · | with two or more coatings having different compositions [7]

|  | C03C 25/48 |
Note(s) When classifying in this group, any individual coating which itself is determined to be novel and non-obvious must also be classified in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24-C03C 25/42, according to Notes (1) to (4) before group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/24.

|  | C03C 25/50 |
· · · | Coatings containing organic materials only [7]

|  | C03C 25/52 |
· · · | Coatings containing inorganic materials only [7]

|  | C03C 25/54 |
· · · | Combinations of one or more coatings containing organic materials only with one or more coatings containing inorganic materials only [7]

|  | C03C 25/60 |
· | by diffusing ions or metals into the surface [7]

|  | C03C 25/62 |
· | by application of electric or wave energy or particle radiation, or by ion implantation (for drying or dehydration Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/64) [7]

|  | C03C 25/64 |
· | Drying; Dehydration; Dehydroxylation [7]

|  | C03C 25/66 |
· | Chemical treatment, e.g. leaching, acid or alkali treatment (dehydroxylation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/64) [7]

|  | C03C 25/68 |
· · | by etching [7]

|  | C03C 25/70 |
· | Cleaning, e.g. for reuse (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 25/62-C03C 25/66 take precedence) [7]

|  | C03C 27/00 - C03C 29/00 |
Joining glass to glass or to other materials (fusion seal compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 8/24)

|  | C03C 27/00 - C03C 29/00 |
Note(s) Layered products classified in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 27/00 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 29/00 are also classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B.

P:10 |  | C03C 27/00 |
Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 17/00 takes precedence; wired glass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03B; joining glass to ceramics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04)

|  | C03C 27/02 |
· | by fusing glass directly to metal

|  | C03C 27/04 |
· | Joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer

|  | C03C 27/06 |
· | Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing (fusing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03B 23/20; units for use as elements for closing wall or like openings and comprising two or more parallel glass panes in spaced relationship, the panes being permanently secured together Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E06B 3/66)

|  | C03C 27/08 |
· · | with the aid of intervening metal

|  | C03C 27/10 |
· · | with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose

|  | C03C 27/12 |
· · · | Laminated glass (mechanical features in manufacture of glass laminates part of which is of plastic material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B)

P:0 |  | C03C 29/00 |
Joining metals with the aid of glass