|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

SEPARATING; MIXING

|  | B01 - B07 |
Note(s) The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme; they must not be read as modifying in any way the elaborations. In this sub-section, the separation of different materials, e.g. of different matter, size, or state, is predominantly found in the following subclasses: Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03D Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B04B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B04C Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B07B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B07C. The classifying characteristics of these subclasses are: the physical state of the matter to be separated; the principle of the process used; particular kinds of apparatus. The first of these characteristics involves six different aspects, assembled in three groups: liquid/liquid or liquid/gas and gas/gas; solid/liquid or solid/gas; solid/solid. These subclasses are to be used according to the following general rules: Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D is the most general class as far as separation other than solids from solids is concerned. Apparatus for separating solids from solids are covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03B when the process concerned is regarded as the equivalent of "washing" in the sense of the mining art, even if such apparatus is a pneumatic one, especially pneumatic tables or jigs. Screens per se are not covered by this subclass but are classified in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B07B, even if they are being used in a wet process. All other apparatus for the separation of solids from solids according to dry methods are classified in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B07B. If the separation takes place as a result of the detection or measurement of some feature of the material or articles to be sorted it is classified in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B07C. It should also be noted that the separation of isotopes of the same chemical element is covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D 59/00, whatever process or apparatus is employed.

|  | B01 - B07 |
Subsection index
LIQUID/LIQUID, LIQUID/GAS OR GAS/GAS SEPARATION |
Method |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
Apparatus |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
SOLID/LIQUID OR SOLID/GAS SEPARATION |
Method |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force | B01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
Apparatus |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force | B01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
SOLID/SOLID SEPARATION |
Method |
Dry methods |
material in bulk | B07B
Individual sorting | B07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sorting | B07B
using pneumatic tables or jigs | B03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
by centrifugal force | B07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B07B
Wet methods |
General operations | B03B
flotation, differential sedimentation | B03D
screening | B07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methods | B03B
Apparatus |
Dry methods |
material in bulk | B07B
Individual sorting | B07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sorting | B07B
using pneumatic tables or jigs | B03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
by centrifugal force | B07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B04B, B04C
Wet methods |
General operations | B03B
flotation, differential sedimentation | B03D
screening | B07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methods | B03B

|  | B03 |
SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS (separating isotopes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D 59/00; crushing or disintegrating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B02C; centrifuges or vortex apparatus for carrying out physical processes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B04) [5]

|  | B03C |
MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS (filters making use of electricity or magnetism Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D 35/06; separating isotopes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D 59/00; combinations of magnetic or electrostatic separation with separation of solids by other means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B07B; separating sheets from piles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 3/00; magnets or magnet coils per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01F) [5]

P:10 |  | B03C 1/00 |
Magnetic separation

|  | B03C 1/005 |
· | Pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic separation [6]

|  | B03C 1/01 |
· · | by addition of magnetic adjuvants [6]

|  | B03C 1/015 |
· · | by chemical treatment imparting magnetic properties to the material to be separated, e.g. roasting, reduction, oxidation [6]

|  | B03C 1/02 |
· | acting directly on the substance being separated [5]

|  | B03C 1/021 |
· · | Separation using Meissner effect, i.e. deflection of superconductive particles in a magnetic field [6]

|  | B03C 1/023 |
· · | Separation using Lorentz force, i.e. deflection of electrically charged particles in a magnetic field [6]

|  | B03C 1/025 |
· · | High gradient magnetic separators [5]

|  | B03C 1/027 |
· · · | with reciprocating canisters [6]

|  | B03C 1/029 |
· · · | with circulating matrix or matrix elements (matrix elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 1/034) [6]

|  | B03C 1/03 |
· · · · | rotating, e.g. of the carousel type [5,6]

|  | B03C 1/031 |
· · · | Component parts; Auxiliary operations [6]

|  | B03C 1/032 |
· · · · | Matrix cleaning systems [6]

|  | B03C 1/033 |
· · · · | characterised by the magnetic circuit [6]

|  | B03C 1/034 |
· · · · · | characterised by the matrix elements [6]

|  | B03C 1/035 |
· · | Open gradient magnetic separators, i.e. separators in which the gap is unobstructed, characterised by the configuration of the gap [5]

|  | B03C 1/0355 |
· · · | using superconductive coils [6]

|  | B03C 1/04 |
· · | with the material carriers in the form of trays or with tables

|  | B03C 1/06 |
· · · | with magnets moving during operation

|  | B03C 1/08 |
· · · | with non-movable magnets

|  | B03C 1/10 |
· · | with cylindrical material carriers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 1/247 takes precedence) [6]

|  | B03C 1/12 |
· · · | with magnets moving during operation; with movable pole pieces

|  | B03C 1/14 |
· · · | with non-movable magnets

|  | B03C 1/16 |
· · | with material carriers in the form of belts

|  | B03C 1/18 |
· · · | with magnets moving during operation

|  | B03C 1/20 |
· · · · | in the form of belts, e.g. cross-belt type

|  | B03C 1/22 |
· · · | with non-movable magnets

|  | B03C 1/23 |
· · | with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp [5]

|  | B03C 1/24 |
· · · | with material carried by travelling fields [5]

|  | B03C 1/247 |
· · · · | obtained by a rotating magnetic drum [6]

|  | B03C 1/253 |
· · · · | obtained by a linear motor [6]

|  | B03C 1/26 |
· · | with free falling material (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 1/035 takes precedence) [5]

|  | B03C 1/28 |
· · | Magnetic plugs and dipsticks

|  | B03C 1/30 |
· · | Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for

|  | B03C 1/32 |
· | acting on the medium containing the substance being separated, e.g. magneto-gravimetric-, magnetohydrostatic-, or magnetohydrodynamic separation [5]

P:20 |  | B03C 3/00 |
Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect (exhaust or silencing apparatus for machines or engines having means for removing solid constituents of exhaust, using electric or electrostatic separators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N 3/01)

|  | B03C 3/01 |
· | Pretreatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation

|  | B03C 3/011 |
· · | Prefiltering; Flow controlling [6]

|  | B03C 3/013 |
· · | Conditioning by chemical additives, e.g. with SO3 [6]

|  | B03C 3/014 |
· · | Addition of water; Heat exchange, e.g. by condensation [6]

|  | B03C 3/016 |
· · | by acoustic or electromagnetic energy, e.g. ultra-violet light [6]

|  | B03C 3/017 |
· | Combinations of electrostatic separation with other processes, not otherwise provided for [6]

|  | B03C 3/019 |
· | Post-treatment of gases [6]

|  | B03C 3/02 |
· | Plant or installations having external electricity supply (electrode constructions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 3/40)

|  | B03C 3/04 |
· · | dry type

|  | B03C 3/06 |
· · · | characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes

|  | B03C 3/08 |
· · · | characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces parallel to the gas stream

|  | B03C 3/09 |
· · · | characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces at right angles to the gas stream

|  | B03C 3/10 |
· · · | characterised by presence of electrodes moving during separating action

|  | B03C 3/12 |
· · · | characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations

|  | B03C 3/14 |
· · · | characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 3/32 takes precedence)

|  | B03C 3/145 |
· · · · | Inertia [6]

|  | B03C 3/15 |
· · · · | Centrifugal forces [6]

|  | B03C 3/155 |
· · · · | Filtration [6]

|  | B03C 3/16 |
· · | wet type

|  | B03C 3/28 |
· | Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets

|  | B03C 3/30 |
· · | in which electrostatic charge is generated by passage of the gases, i.e. tribo-electricity

|  | B03C 3/32 |
· | Transportable units, e.g. for cleaning room air (room air-conditioners having an electrostatic separating stage Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24F)

|  | B03C 3/34 |
· | Constructional details or accessories or operation thereof

|  | B03C 3/36 |
· · | Controlling flow of gases or vapour

|  | B03C 3/38 |
· · | Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation, flames (electrode constructions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 3/40; ionising gases Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H)

|  | B03C 3/40 |
· · | Electrode constructions

|  | B03C 3/41 |
· · · | Ionising-electrodes

|  | B03C 3/43 |
· · · · | radioactive

|  | B03C 3/45 |
· · · | Collecting-electrodes

|  | B03C 3/47 |
· · · · | flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings

|  | B03C 3/49 |
· · · · | tubular

|  | B03C 3/51 |
· · · · | Catch-space electrodes, e.g. slotted-box form

|  | B03C 3/53 |
· · · · | Liquid, or liquid-film, electrodes

|  | B03C 3/60 |
· · · | Use of special materials other than liquids

|  | B03C 3/62 |
· · · · | ceramics

|  | B03C 3/64 |
· · · · | synthetic resins

|  | B03C 3/66 |
· · | Applications of electricity supply techniques

|  | B03C 3/68 |
· · · | Control systems therefor

|  | B03C 3/70 |
· · · | insulating in electric separators (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 3/53 takes precedence)

|  | B03C 3/72 |
· · | Emergency control systems

|  | B03C 3/74 |
· · | Cleaning the electrodes

|  | B03C 3/76 |
· · · | by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear

|  | B03C 3/78 |
· · · | by washing

|  | B03C 3/80 |
· · · | by gas or solid particle blasting

|  | B03C 3/82 |
· · | Housings

|  | B03C 3/84 |
· · · | Protective coatings

|  | B03C 3/86 |
· · | Electrode-carrying means (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 3/40 takes precedence)

|  | B03C 3/88 |
· · | Cleaning-out collected particles

P:30 |  | B03C 5/00 |
Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect (combined with centrifuges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B04B 5/10) [2]

|  | B03C 5/02 |
· | Separators

P:40 |  | B03C 7/00 |
Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect

|  | B03C 7/02 |
· | Separators

|  | B03C 7/04 |
· · | with material carriers in the form of trays, troughs, or tables

|  | B03C 7/06 |
· · | with cylindrical material carriers

|  | B03C 7/08 |
· · | with material carriers in the form of belts

|  | B03C 7/10 |
· · | with material falling in cascades

|  | B03C 7/12 |
· · | with material falling free

P:0 |  | B03C 9/00 |
Electrostatic separation not provided for in any single one of the other main groups of this subclass

P:50 |  | B03C 11/00 |
Separation by high-voltage electrical fields, not provided for in other groups of this subclass [8]