|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

|  | F01 - F04 |
Subsection index
MACHINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F04C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F04B
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
ENGINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F03C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F03C
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
PUMPS |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston | F04C
reciprocating piston or other | F04B
non-positive displacement | F04D

LIGHTING; HEATING

|  | F24 |
HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING (protecting plants by heating in gardens, orchards, or forests Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01G 13/06; baking ovens and apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A21B; cooking devices other than ranges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47J; forging Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21J, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21K; specially adapted for vehicles, see the relevant subclasses of classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60-B64; combustion apparatus in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23; drying Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F26B; ovens in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27; electric heating elements or arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | F24 |
Note(s) In this class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: "stove" includes apparatus which may have an open fire, e.g. fireplace; "range" means an apparatus for cooking having elements that perform different cooking operations or cooking and heating operations.

|  | F24H |
FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, IN GENERAL (heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 5/00; tube furnaces for thermal non-catalytic cracking Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10G 9/20; devices, e.g. valves, for venting and aerating enclosures Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 24/00; steam traps or like apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16T; steam generation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F22; combustion apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23; domestic stoves or ranges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C; domestic- or space-heating systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D; furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27; heat-exchangers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28; electric heating elements or arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | F24H |
Note(s) The distinguishing feature of the air heaters covered by this subclass is that the heat is predominantly released to the air by convection, mostly by forced circulation of the air. The domestic stoves or ranges covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C may also be fired or electric air heaters but they release their heat to a considerable extent by radiation and only to some extent by natural convention. [3] In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "water" includes other liquids and means always the liquid to be heated; [3] "air" includes other gases or gas mixtures and means always the gas to be heated; [3] "furnace tubes" means tubes inside the heater wherein combustion is performed; [3] "fire tubes" means tubes inside the heater through which flue-gases flow from a combustion chamber located outside the tubes; [3] "heater" means apparatus including both heat generating means and means for transferring the generated heat to water or air. [3] All storage heaters are classified in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 7/00. [3]

|  | F24H |
Subclass index
WATER HEATERS | 1/00
AIR HEATERS; STORAGE HEATERS | 3/00; 7/00
FLUID HEATERS USING HEAT PUMPS | 4/00
COMBINATIONS OF WATER AND AIR HEATERS | 6/00
FLUID HEATERS FOR EXTRACTING LATENT HEAT FROM FLUE GASES | 8/00
DETAILS | 9/00

P:40 |  | F24H 1/00 |
Water heaters having heat generating means, e.g. boiler, flow-heater, water-storage heater (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 7/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 8/00 take precedence; details Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 9/00; steam boilers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F22B; domestic stoves or ranges with additional provisions for heating water Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B 9/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C 13/00) [5]

|  | F24H 1/06 |
· | Portable or mobile, e.g. collapsible

|  | F24H 1/08 |
· | Packaged or self-contained boilers, i.e. water heaters with control devices and pump in a single unit

|  | F24H 1/10 |
· | Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/50 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F24H 1/12 |
· · | in which the water is kept separate from the heating medium

|  | F24H 1/14 |
· · · | by tubes, e.g. bent in serpentine form

|  | F24H 1/16 |
· · · · | helically or spirally coiled

|  | F24H 1/18 |
· | Water-storage heaters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/50 takes precedence; combined with water-heating stoves for central heating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/22) [5]

|  | F24H 1/20 |
· · | with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes

|  | F24H 1/22 |
· | Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/50 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F24H 1/24 |
· · | with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/40, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/44 take precedence) [3]

|  | F24H 1/26 |
· · · | the water mantle forming an integral body

|  | F24H 1/28 |
· · · · | including one or more furnace or fire tubes

|  | F24H 1/30 |
· · · | the water mantle being built-up from sections

|  | F24H 1/32 |
· · · · | with vertical sections arranged side by side

|  | F24H 1/34 |
· · | with water chamber arranged adjacent to the combustion chamber or chambers, e.g. above or at side (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/24, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/44 take precedence)

|  | F24H 1/36 |
· · · | the water chamber including one or more fire tubes

|  | F24H 1/38 |
· · | with water contained in separate elements, e.g. radiator-type element (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/40, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/44 take precedence)

|  | F24H 1/40 |
· · | with water tube or tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/44 takes precedence)

|  | F24H 1/41 |
· · · | in serpentine form [3]

|  | F24H 1/43 |
· · · | helically or spirally coiled [3]

|  | F24H 1/44 |
· · | with combinations of two or more of the types covered by groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/24-F24H 1/40

|  | F24H 1/46 |
· | Water heaters having plural combustion chambers [2,5]

|  | F24H 1/48 |
· | Water heaters for central heating incorporating heaters for domestic water [5]

|  | F24H 1/50 |
· · | incorporating domestic water tanks [5]

|  | F24H 1/52 |
· · | incorporating heat exchangers for domestic water (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 1/50 takes precedence) [5]

P:50 |  | F24H 3/00 |
Air heaters having heat generating means (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 7/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 8/00 take precedence; details Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 9/00; domestic stoves or ranges with additional provisions for convection heating of air Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C) [5]

|  | F24H 3/02 |
· | with forced circulation (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 3/12 takes precedence)

|  | F24H 3/04 |
· · | the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element

|  | F24H 3/06 |
· · | the air being kept separate from the heating medium, e.g. using forced circulation of air over radiators

|  | F24H 3/08 |
· · · | by tubes

|  | F24H 3/10 |
· · · | by plates

|  | F24H 3/12 |
· | with additional heating arrangements

P:30 |  | F24H 4/00 |
Fluid heaters using heat pumps [5]

|  | F24H 4/02 |
· | Liquid heaters [5]

|  | F24H 4/04 |
· · | Storage heaters [5]

|  | F24H 4/06 |
· | Gas heaters [5]

P:20 |  | F24H 6/00 |
Combined water and air heaters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 8/00 takes precedence) [5]

P:10 |  | F24H 7/00 |
Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release (domestic stoves or ranges with additional heat storage masses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B 1/24, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C 15/34)

|  | F24H 7/02 |
· | the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid, e.g. air, water

|  | F24H 7/04 |
· · | with forced circulation of the transfer fluid

|  | F24H 7/06 |
· | the released heat being radiated

P:0 |  | F24H 8/00 |
Fluid heaters having heat-generating means specially adapted for extracting latent heat from flue gases by means of condensation [5]

P:60 |  | F24H 9/00 |
Details

|  | F24H 9/02 |
· | Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels

|  | F24H 9/06 |
· | Arrangement of mountings or supports

|  | F24H 9/12 |
· | Connecting heaters to circulation pipes (pipe joints in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L)

|  | F24H 9/14 |
· | Connecting different sections, e.g. in water heaters (in radiators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F 9/26)

|  | F24H 9/16 |
· | Arrangements for water drainage (valves for drainage Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 21/00; in pipes or pipe systems in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/00; in domestic-or space-heating systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D 19/08)

|  | F24H 9/18 |
· | Arrangement or mounting of grates, burners, or heating elements (burners Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23D; grates Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23H; electric heating elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | F24H 9/20 |
· | Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices (control valves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K; safety devices for burners Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23D; combustion control devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23N; of systems comprising a heater, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. of control heating systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D 19/10; automatic switching for electric heating apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B 1/02)