|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

|  | B01 - B07 |
Subsection index
LIQUID/LIQUID, LIQUID/GAS OR GAS/GAS SEPARATION |
Method |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
Apparatus |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
SOLID/LIQUID OR SOLID/GAS SEPARATION |
Method |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force | B01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
Apparatus |
General operations | B01D
by centrifugal force | B01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
SOLID/SOLID SEPARATION |
Method |
Dry methods |
material in bulk | B07B
Individual sorting | B07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sorting | B07B
using pneumatic tables or jigs | B03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
by centrifugal force | B07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B07B
Wet methods |
General operations | B03B
flotation, differential sedimentation | B03D
screening | B07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methods | B03B
Apparatus |
Dry methods |
material in bulk | B07B
Individual sorting | B07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sorting | B07B
using pneumatic tables or jigs | B03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effect | B03C
by centrifugal force | B07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatus | B04B, B04C
Wet methods |
General operations | B03B
flotation, differential sedimentation | B03D
screening | B07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methods | B03B

TRANSPORTING

|  | B61 |
RAILWAYS

|  | B61 |
Note(s) In this class, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: "railway systems" covers: systems in which trains or individual passenger vehicles or load carriers run on, or are guided by, ground or elevated tracks defined by rails, ropes, cables, or other guiding elements for wheels, rollers, or sliding anti-friction devices (permanently attached to a continuous traction element Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G 17/00); systems in which carriers or impellers for persons or loads are attached to, e.g. suspended from, a guided traction rope or cable which determines their path of movement (chain conveyers, scraper conveyers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G 19/00); power and free systems of either of the above types in which vehicles, load-carriers, or loads may be selectively coupled to, or uncoupled from, continuous traction members, e.g. cables, chains.

|  | B61L |
GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC (power supply lines for electrically propelled vehicles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60M; arrangement of signalling devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor, for vehicles in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60Q; brakes or auxiliary equipment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61H, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61K; point or crossing construction Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E01B; insulated rail joints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E01B 11/54; optical devices in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G02; controlling in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05; electric communication technique Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04)

|  | B61L |
Note(s) This subclass covers: devices along the route interacting with trains; signals; operation of points and signals; interlocking; block systems; level crossings.

|  | B61L |
Subclass index
DEVICES ALONG THE ROUTE ACTUATED BY, OR ACTING ON, THE TRAIN AT ITS PASSAGE | 1/00, 3/00
RAILWAY SIGNALLING, SWITCHING, BLOCKING, AND INTERLOCKING |
Signals |
per se, local operation mechanisms; remote control; control by passage of vehicles | 5/00; 7/00; 13/00
Points |
local operation mechanisms; remote control; control by passage of vehicles | 5/00; 7/00; 11/00
switching systems of classification yards | 17/00
points and signals interlocking by a single device | 19/00
Scotch-blocks: local operation mechanisms; remote control | 5/00; 7/00
Station blocking | 21/00
TRAFFIC |
Central control systems; recording and indicating traffic data; self-signalling | 27/00; 25/00; 15/00
Safety: means concerning railway traffic; protection of road crossings | 23/00; 29/00
ILLUMINATION OF POINTS, FORM SIGNALS, AND GATES | 9/00
SUBJECT MATTER NOT PROVIDED FOR IN OTHER GROUPS OF THIS SUBCLASS | 99/00

P:230 |  | B61L 1/00 |
Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or vehicle train (detonators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 5/20; operation of points or signals by passage of the vehicle Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 11/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 13/00; central traffic control systems controlled by train Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 27/04; operation of gates, or gates and signals, by approaching vehicle Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 29/18)

|  | B61L 1/02 |
· | Electric devices associated with track

|  | B61L 1/04 |
· · | mechanically actuated by a part of the vehicle

|  | B61L 1/06 |
· · | actuated by deformation of rail; actuated by vibration in rail

|  | B61L 1/08 |
· · | magnetically actuated; electrostatically actuated

|  | B61L 1/10 |
· · | actuated by electromagnetic radiation; actuated by particle radiation

|  | B61L 1/12 |
· | Electric devices associated with overhead trolley wires

|  | B61L 1/14 |
· | Devices for indicating the passing of the end of the vehicle or vehicle train

|  | B61L 1/16 |
· | Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles (counting moving objects in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06M)

|  | B61L 1/18 |
· | Railway track circuits (automatically-operated track circuits specially adapted for section blocking for controlling traffic Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 23/00; rail joints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E01B 11/00)

|  | B61L 1/20 |
· | Safety arrangements for preventing or indicating malfunction of the device, e.g. by leakage current, by lightning

P:200 |  | B61L 3/00 |
Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal

|  | B61L 3/02 |
· | at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control

|  | B61L 3/04 |
· · | controlling mechanically

|  | B61L 3/06 |
· · | controlling by electromagnetic or particle radiation, e.g. by light beam (using radio waves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 3/12)

|  | B61L 3/08 |
· · | controlling electrically

|  | B61L 3/10 |
· · · | using current passing between devices along the route and devices on the vehicle train

|  | B61L 3/12 |
· · · | using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves

|  | B61L 3/14 |
· · | to cut-off the power supply to traction motors of electrically-propelled vehicles

|  | B61L 3/16 |
· | Continuous control along the route

|  | B61L 3/18 |
· · | using electric current passing between devices along the route and devices on the vehicle or vehicle train

|  | B61L 3/20 |
· · · | employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups

|  | B61L 3/22 |
· · | using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation

|  | B61L 3/24 |
· · · | employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups

P:250 |  | B61L 5/00 |
Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks (track-mounted scotch-blocks per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61K); Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 11/00 takes precedence)

|  | B61L 5/02 |
· | Mechanical devices for operating points or scotch-blocks

|  | B61L 5/04 |
· | Fluid-pressure devices for operating points or scotch-blocks

|  | B61L 5/06 |
· | Electric devices for operating points or scotch-blocks

|  | B61L 5/08 |
· | Underground actuating arrangements, e.g. for tramways

|  | B61L 5/10 |
· | Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points

|  | B61L 5/12 |
· | Visible signals

|  | B61L 5/14 |
· · | Form signals, e.g. semaphore arms

|  | B61L 5/16 |
· · · | Local operating mechanisms for form signals

|  | B61L 5/18 |
· · | Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders

|  | B61L 5/20 |
· | Audible signals, e.g. detonator

|  | B61L 5/22 |
· · | Devices for initiating the release of detonators in a certain position of a signal

|  | B61L 5/24 |
· · | Replacement of detonators

P:240 |  | B61L 7/00 |
Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 11/00 takes precedence; interlocking arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 19/00)

|  | B61L 7/02 |
· | using mechanical transmission, e.g. wire, lever

|  | B61L 7/04 |
· | using fluid-pressure transmission

|  | B61L 7/06 |
· | using electrical transmission

|  | B61L 7/08 |
· · | Circuitry

|  | B61L 7/10 |
· · · | for light signals, e.g. for supervision, back- signalling

P:290 |  | B61L 9/00 |
Illumination specially adapted for points, form signals, or gates (lighting in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21)

|  | B61L 9/02 |
· | non-electric

|  | B61L 9/04 |
· | electric

P:210 |  | B61L 11/00 |
Operation of points from the vehicle or by the passage of the vehicle

|  | B61L 11/02 |
· | using mechanical interaction between vehicle and track

|  | B61L 11/04 |
· · | Trailable point locks

|  | B61L 11/06 |
· · | with fluid-pressure transmission

|  | B61L 11/08 |
· | using electrical or magnetic interaction between vehicle and track

P:220 |  | B61L 13/00 |
Operation of signals from the vehicle or by the passage of the vehicle

|  | B61L 13/02 |
· | using mechanical interaction between vehicle and track

|  | B61L 13/04 |
· | using electrical or magnetic interaction between vehicle and track

P:270 |  | B61L 15/00 |
Indicators provided on the vehicle or vehicle train for signalling purposes

|  | B61L 15/02 |
· | Head or tail indicators, e.g. light

P:170 |  | B61L 17/00 |
Switching systems for classification yards (rail brakes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61K)

|  | B61L 17/02 |
· | Details, e.g. indicating degree of track filling

P:260 |  | B61L 19/00 |
Arrangements for interlocking between points and signals by means of a single interlocking device (station block arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 21/00)

|  | B61L 19/02 |
· | Interlocking devices having mechanical or fluid-pressure operation

|  | B61L 19/04 |
· · | Details, e.g. hand lever, back-signalling device

|  | B61L 19/06 |
· | Interlocking devices having electrical operation

|  | B61L 19/08 |
· · | Special arrangements for power supply for interlocking devices

|  | B61L 19/10 |
· · | with mechanical locks

|  | B61L 19/12 |
· · · | Details

|  | B61L 19/14 |
· · | with electrical locks

|  | B61L 19/16 |
· · · | Details

P:160 |  | B61L 21/00 |
Station blocking between signal boxes in one yard (interlocking between points and signals by means of a single interlocking device Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 19/00)

|  | B61L 21/02 |
· | Mechanical locking and release of the route; Repeat locks; Coupling of semaphores

|  | B61L 21/04 |
· | Electrical locking and release of the route; Electrical repeat locks

|  | B61L 21/06 |
· | Vehicle-on-line indication; Monitoring locking and release of the route

|  | B61L 21/08 |
· | Order transmission and reception arrangements for giving or withholding permission

|  | B61L 21/10 |
· | Arrangements for trains which are closely following one another (automatic central traffic control systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 27/04)

P:180 |  | B61L 23/00 |
Control, warning or like safety means along the route or between vehicles or vehicle trains [4]

|  | B61L 23/02 |
· | for indicating along the route the failure of brakes

|  | B61L 23/04 |
· | for monitoring the mechanical state of the route

|  | B61L 23/06 |
· | for warning men working on the route

|  | B61L 23/08 |
· | for controlling traffic in one direction only (station blocking between signal boxes in one yard Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 21/00)

|  | B61L 23/10 |
· · | manually operated

|  | B61L 23/12 |
· · | partly operated by train

|  | B61L 23/14 |
· · | automatically operated

|  | B61L 23/16 |
· · · | Track circuits specially adapted for section blocking

|  | B61L 23/18 |
· · · | specially adapted for maintaining a safe distance between vehicles or vehicle trains depending upon speed and traffic density [1,8]

|  | B61L 23/20 |
· · · | with transmission of instructions to stations along the route

|  | B61L 23/22 |
· | for controlling traffic in two directions over the same pair of rails (station blocking between signal boxes in one yard Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61L 21/00)

|  | B61L 23/24 |
· · | using token systems, e.g. train staffs, tablets

|  | B61L 23/26 |
· · | with means for actuating signals from the vehicle or by passage of the vehicle

|  | B61L 23/28 |
· · | using non-automatic blocking from a place along the route

|  | B61L 23/30 |
· · | using automatic section blocking

|  | B61L 23/32 |
· · · | with provision for the blocking of passing sidings

|  | B61L 23/34 |
· | for indicating the distance between vehicles or vehicle trains by the transmission of signals therebetween [4]

P:190 |  | B61L 25/00 |
Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus

|  | B61L 25/02 |
· | Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains

|  | B61L 25/04 |
· · | Indicating or recording train identities

|  | B61L 25/06 |
· | Indicating or recording the setting of track apparatus, e.g. of points, of signals

|  | B61L 25/08 |
· · | Diagrammatic displays

P:150 |  | B61L 27/00 |
Central traffic control systems

|  | B61L 27/02 |
· | Manual systems

|  | B61L 27/04 |
· | Automatic systems, e.g. controlled by train; Change-over to manual control

P:280 |  | B61L 29/00 |
Safety means for rail/road crossing traffic

|  | B61L 29/02 |
· | Guards or obstacles for preventing access to the route (cattle guards connected to the permanent way Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E01B 17/00)

|  | B61L 29/04 |
· | Gates for level crossings

|  | B61L 29/06 |
· · | yielding to vehicles in one direction but operated in a different direction

|  | B61L 29/08 |
· | Operation of gates; Combined operation of gates and signals

|  | B61L 29/10 |
· · | Means for securing gates in their desired position

|  | B61L 29/12 |
· · | Manual operation

|  | B61L 29/14 |
· · · | mechanically

|  | B61L 29/16 |
· · · | electrically

|  | B61L 29/18 |
· · | Operation by approaching rail vehicle or rail vehicle train

|  | B61L 29/20 |
· · · | mechanically

|  | B61L 29/22 |
· · · | electrically

|  | B61L 29/24 |
· | Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning

|  | B61L 29/26 |
· · | mechanically operated

|  | B61L 29/28 |
· · | electrically operated

|  | B61L 29/30 |
· · · | Supervision, e.g. monitoring arrangements

|  | B61L 29/32 |
· · · | Timing, e.g. advance warning of approaching train

P:300 |  | B61L 99/00 |
Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass [8]