|  | C |
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

|  | C |
Note(s) In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows: Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg Heavy metals: metals other than light metals Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens Metals: elements other than non-metals Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards Section C covers: pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation; applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents; certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry; certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general; metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys. In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27. There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example: Certain extractive processes, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61K; The chemical purification of air, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61L; Chemical methods of fire-fighting, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62D; Chemical processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01; Impregnation of wood, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27K; Chemical methods of analysis or testing, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N; Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D. In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for: treatment of plants or animals, covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01N; foodstuffs, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23; ammunition or explosives, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F42. When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.

CHEMISTRY

|  | C10 |
PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT

|  | C10M |
LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS (well drilling compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 8/02); USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION (mould release, i.e. separating, agents for metals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22C 3/00, for plastics or substances in a plastic state, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B29C 33/56, for glass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03B 40/02; textile lubricating compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D06M 11/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D06M 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D06M 15/00; use of particular substances in particular apparatus or conditions, see Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16N or the relevant groups for the application, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A21D 8/08, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21C 9/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01B 3/18; immersion oils for microscopy Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G02B 21/33) [4]

|  | C10M |
Note(s) In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "lubricant" or "lubricating composition" includes cutting oils, hydraulic fluids, metal drawing compositions, flushing oils, slushing oils, or the like; "aliphatic" includes "cycloaliphatic". [4] In this subclass, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place. Thus, a compound having an aromatic ring is classified as aromatic regardless of whether the substituent(s) of interest are on the ring or on an aliphatic part of the molecule. [4] In this subclass: metal or ammonium salts of a compound are classified as that compound; salts or adducts formed between two or more organic compounds are classified according to all compounds forming the salt or adduct, if of interest; a specified compound, e.g. phenols, acids, substituted by a macromolecular hydrocarbon radical is classified as that compound; base-materials or thickeners or additives consisting of a mixture for which no specific main group is provided are classified in the most indented group covering all essential constituents of the mixture, for example, a base-material mixture of ketone and amide group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 105/00; a base-material mixture of ketone and ether group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 105/08; an additive mixture of long and short chain esters group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 129/00; an additive mixture of short chain aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 129/26; except for aqueous lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water, which are classified separately, classification is made according to the type of ingredient or mixture of types of ingredient (base-material, thickener or additive) which characterises the composition. Attention is drawn to the fact that a mixture of essential ingredients characterised by only one of its components, rather than by the mixture as a whole, is not classified as a mixture, e.g., a lubricating composition consisting of: a known base-material and a new additive is classified only in the "additive" part of the classification scheme; a known base-material with both a thickener and a further additive as essential ingredients, which may be individually known or not, is classified as a mixture of thickener and additive; a known base-material with a combination of additives as essential ingredients, which may be individually known or not, is classified in the appropriate place for the additive mixture. [4] Any part of a composition which is not identified by the classification according to Notes (2) or (3) above, and which itself is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified in the last appropriate place. The part can be either a single ingredient or a composition in itself. [8] Any part of a composition which is not identified by the classification according to Notes (2) to (4) above, and which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified in the last appropriate place. This can, for example, be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information". [8]

|  | C10M - C10M 177/00 |
Note(s) In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10N. [4]

|  | C10M |
Subclass index
BASE-MATERIALS |
Mineral or fatty oils | 101/00
Inorganic materials | 103/00
Non-macromolecular organic compounds | 105/00
Macromolecular compounds | 107/00
Compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution | 109/00
Mixtures | 111/00, 169/00
THICKENERS |
Inorganic materials | 113/00
Non-macromolecular organic compounds | 115/00, 117/00
Macromolecular compounds | 119/00
Compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution | 121/00
Mixtures | 123/00, 169/00
ADDITIVES |
Inorganic materials | 125/00
Non-macromolecular organic compounds | 127/00 - 139/00
Macromolecular compounds | 143/00 - 155/00
Compounds of unknown or incompletely defined constitution | 159/00
Mixtures | 141/00, 157/00, 161/00 - 169/00
COMPOSITIONS CHARACTERISED BY PHYSICAL PROPERTIES | 171/00
AQUEOUS COMPOSITIONS | 173/00
WORKING-UP | 175/00
PREPARATION OR AFTER TREATMENT | 177/00

|  | C10M 101/00 - C10M 111/00 |
Base-materials [4]

P:370 |  | C10M 101/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil (containing more than 10% water Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 173/00) [4]

|  | C10M 101/02 |
· | Petroleum fractions [4]

|  | C10M 101/04 |
· | Fatty oil fractions [4]

P:360 |  | C10M 103/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being an inorganic material (containing more than 10% water Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 173/00) [4]

|  | C10M 103/02 |
· | Carbon; Graphite [4]

|  | C10M 103/04 |
· | Metals; Alloys [4]

|  | C10M 103/06 |
· | Metal compounds [4]

P:350 |  | C10M 105/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound [4]

|  | C10M 105/02 |
· | Well-defined hydrocarbons (petroleum fractions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 101/02) [4]

|  | C10M 105/04 |
· · | aliphatic [4]

|  | C10M 105/06 |
· · | aromatic [4]

|  | C10M 105/08 |
· | containing oxygen [4]

|  | C10M 105/10 |
· · | having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 105/12 |
· · · | monohydroxy [4]

|  | C10M 105/14 |
· · · | polyhydroxy [4]

|  | C10M 105/16 |
· · | having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 105/18 |
· · | Ethers, e.g. epoxides [4]

|  | C10M 105/20 |
· · | Aldehydes; Ketones [4]

|  | C10M 105/22 |
· · | Carboxylic acids or their salts [4]

|  | C10M 105/24 |
· · · | having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen [4]

|  | C10M 105/26 |
· · · | having more than one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or cycloaliphatic carbon atom [4]

|  | C10M 105/28 |
· · · | having only one carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 105/30 |
· · · | having more than one carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 105/32 |
· · | Esters [4]

|  | C10M 105/34 |
· · · | of monocarboxylic acids [4]

|  | C10M 105/36 |
· · · | of polycarboxylic acids [4]

|  | C10M 105/38 |
· · · | of polyhydroxy compounds [4]

|  | C10M 105/40 |
· · · | containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups [4]

|  | C10M 105/42 |
· · · | Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids and hydroxy carboxylic acids [4]

|  | C10M 105/44 |
· · · · | derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups [4]

|  | C10M 105/46 |
· · · · | derived from the combination of monohydroxy compounds, dihydroxy compounds and dicarboxylic acids only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups [4]

|  | C10M 105/48 |
· · · | of carbonic acid [4]

|  | C10M 105/50 |
· | containing halogen [4]

|  | C10M 105/52 |
· · | containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only [4]

|  | C10M 105/54 |
· · | containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen and oxygen [4]

|  | C10M 105/56 |
· | containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C10M 105/58 |
· · | Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines, quaternary amines (polyalkylene polyamines with eleven or more monomer units Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 107/44) [4]

|  | C10M 105/60 |
· · · | having amino groups bound to an acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atom [4]

|  | C10M 105/62 |
· · · · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 105/64 |
· · · | having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 105/66 |
· · · · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 105/68 |
· · | Amides; Imides [4]

|  | C10M 105/70 |
· · | as ring hetero atom [4]

|  | C10M 105/72 |
· | containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium [4]

|  | C10M 105/74 |
· | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C10M 105/76 |
· | containing silicon [4]

|  | C10M 105/78 |
· | containing boron [4]

|  | C10M 105/80 |
· | containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 105/02-C10M 105/78 [4]

P:340 |  | C10M 107/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a macromolecular compound [4]

|  | C10M 107/02 |
· | Hydrocarbon polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation [4]

|  | C10M 107/04 |
· · | Polyethene [4]

|  | C10M 107/06 |
· · | containing propene [4]

|  | C10M 107/08 |
· · | containing butene [4]

|  | C10M 107/10 |
· · | containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 107/12 |
· · | containing aromatic monomer, e.g. styrene [4]

|  | C10M 107/14 |
· · | containing conjugated diene [4]

|  | C10M 107/16 |
· · | containing non-conjugated diene [4]

|  | C10M 107/18 |
· · | Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation [4]

|  | C10M 107/20 |
· | containing oxygen (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 107/18 takes precedence) [4]

|  | C10M 107/22 |
· · | Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 107/24 |
· · · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehydo, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical [4]

|  | C10M 107/26 |
· · · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid [4]

|  | C10M 107/28 |
· · · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate [4]

|  | C10M 107/30 |
· · | Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 107/32 |
· · · | Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers [4]

|  | C10M 107/34 |
· · · · | Polyoxyalkylenes [4]

|  | C10M 107/36 |
· · | Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose [4]

|  | C10M 107/38 |
· | containing halogen [4]

|  | C10M 107/40 |
· | containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C10M 107/42 |
· · | Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 107/44 |
· · | Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 107/46 |
· | containing sulfur [4]

|  | C10M 107/48 |
· | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C10M 107/50 |
· | containing silicon [4]

|  | C10M 107/52 |
· | containing boron [4]

|  | C10M 107/54 |
· | containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 107/02-C10M 107/52 [4]

P:380 |  | C10M 109/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 101/00 takes precedence) [4]

|  | C10M 109/02 |
· | Reaction products [4]

|  | C10M 109/02 |
Note(s) When classifying in this group, any reactant of a reaction product which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified in the last appropriate place in this subclass. This can, for example, be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information". [8]

P:330 |  | C10M 111/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 101/00-C10M 109/00, each of these compounds being essential [4]

|  | C10M 111/02 |
· | at least one of them being a non-macromolecular organic compound [4]

|  | C10M 111/04 |
· | at least one of them being a macromolecular organic compound [4]

|  | C10M 111/06 |
· | at least one of them being a compound of the type covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 109/00 [4]

|  | C10M 113/00 - C10M 123/00 |
Thickeners [4]

|  | C10M 113/00 - C10M 123/00 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 113/00-C10M 123/00, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "thickener" is an agent which solidifies other liquid components to form a grease (solid lubricants consisting of solid components Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 101/00-C10M 111/00). [4]

P:320 |  | C10M 113/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being an inorganic material [4]

|  | C10M 113/02 |
· | Carbon; Graphite [4]

|  | C10M 113/04 |
· | Sulfur [4]

|  | C10M 113/06 |
· | Metals; Alloys [4]

|  | C10M 113/08 |
· | Metal compounds [4]

|  | C10M 113/10 |
· | Clays; Micas [4]

|  | C10M 113/12 |
· | Silica [4]

|  | C10M 113/14 |
· | Glass [4]

|  | C10M 113/16 |
· | Inorganic material treated with organic compounds, e.g. coated [4]

P:310 |  | C10M 115/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular organic compound other than a carboxylic acid or salt thereof [4]

|  | C10M 115/02 |
· | Hydrocarbons (petroleum fractions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 121/02) [4]

|  | C10M 115/04 |
· | containing oxygen [4]

|  | C10M 115/06 |
· | containing halogen [4]

|  | C10M 115/08 |
· | containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C10M 115/10 |
· | containing sulfur [4]

|  | C10M 115/12 |
· | containing phosphorus [4]

P:300 |  | C10M 117/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a non-macromolecular carboxylic acid or salt thereof [4]

|  | C10M 117/02 |
· | having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom, cycloaliphatic carbon atom or hydrogen [4]

|  | C10M 117/04 |
· · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 117/06 |
· | having more than one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or cycloaliphatic carbon atom [4]

|  | C10M 117/08 |
· | having only one carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 117/10 |
· | having more than one carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

P:290 |  | C10M 119/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a macromolecular compound [4]

|  | C10M 119/02 |
· | Hydrocarbons polymers; Hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation [4]

|  | C10M 119/04 |
· | containing oxygen (hydrocarbon polymers modified by oxidation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 119/02) [4]

|  | C10M 119/06 |
· · | Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 119/08 |
· · · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehydo, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical [4]

|  | C10M 119/10 |
· · · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid [4]

|  | C10M 119/12 |
· · · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate [4]

|  | C10M 119/14 |
· · | Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 119/16 |
· · · | Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Polyesters; Polyethers [4]

|  | C10M 119/18 |
· · · · | Polyoxyalkylenes [4]

|  | C10M 119/20 |
· · | Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose [4]

|  | C10M 119/22 |
· | containing halogen [4]

|  | C10M 119/24 |
· | containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C10M 119/26 |
· | containing sulfur [4]

|  | C10M 119/28 |
· | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C10M 119/30 |
· | containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 119/02-C10M 119/28 [4]

P:280 |  | C10M 121/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution [4]

|  | C10M 121/02 |
· | Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars [4]

|  | C10M 121/04 |
· | Reaction products [4]

|  | C10M 121/04 |
Note(s) When classifying in this group, any reactant of a reaction product which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified in the last appropriate place in this subclass. This can, for example, be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information". [8]

P:270 |  | C10M 123/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the thickener being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 113/00-C10M 121/00, each of these compounds being essential (inorganic materials coated with organic compounds Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 113/16) [4]

|  | C10M 123/02 |
· | at least one of them being a non-macromolecular compound [4]

|  | C10M 123/04 |
· | at least one of them being a macromolecular compound [4]

|  | C10M 123/06 |
· | at least one of them being a compound of the type covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 121/00 [4]

|  | C10M 125/00 - C10M 167/00 |
Additives [4]

P:260 |  | C10M 125/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an inorganic material [4]

|  | C10M 125/02 |
· | Carbon; Graphite [4]

|  | C10M 125/04 |
· | Metals; Alloys [4]

|  | C10M 125/06 |
· | Sulfur [4]

|  | C10M 125/08 |
· | Metal carbides or hydrides [4]

|  | C10M 125/10 |
· | Metal oxides, hydroxides, carbonates or bicarbonates [4]

|  | C10M 125/12 |
· | Metal carbonyls [4]

|  | C10M 125/14 |
· | Water (aqueous lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 173/00) [4]

|  | C10M 125/16 |
· | Hydrogen peroxide; Oxygenated water [4]

|  | C10M 125/18 |
· | Compounds containing halogen [4]

|  | C10M 125/20 |
· | Compounds containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C10M 125/22 |
· | Compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium [4]

|  | C10M 125/24 |
· | Compounds containing phosphorus, arsenic or antimony [4]

|  | C10M 125/26 |
· | Compounds containing silicon or boron, e.g. silica, sand [4]

|  | C10M 125/28 |
· · | Glass [4]

|  | C10M 125/30 |
· · | Clay [4]

P:240 |  | C10M 127/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a non-macromolecular hydrocarbon (petroleum fractions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 159/04) [4]

|  | C10M 127/02 |
· | well-defined aliphatic [4]

|  | C10M 127/04 |
· | well-defined aromatic [4]

|  | C10M 127/06 |
· | Alkylated aromatic hydrocarbons [4]

P:230 |  | C10M 129/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing oxygen [4]

|  | C10M 129/02 |
· | having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/04 |
· · | Hydroxy compounds [4]

|  | C10M 129/06 |
· · · | having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/08 |
· · · · | containing at least 2 hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/10 |
· · · | having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 129/12 |
· · · · | with condensed rings [4]

|  | C10M 129/14 |
· · · · | containing at least 2 hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/16 |
· · | Ethers [4]

|  | C10M 129/18 |
· · · | Epoxides [4]

|  | C10M 129/20 |
· · · | Cyclic ethers having 4 or more ring atoms, e.g. furans, dioxolanes [4]

|  | C10M 129/22 |
· · | Peroxides; Ozonides [4]

|  | C10M 129/24 |
· · | Aldehydes; Ketones [4]

|  | C10M 129/26 |
· · | Carboxylic acids; Salts thereof [4]

|  | C10M 129/28 |
· · · | having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/30 |
· · · · | having 7 or less carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/32 |
· · · · · | monocarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 129/34 |
· · · · · | polycarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 129/36 |
· · · · · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/38 |
· · · · | having 8 or more carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/40 |
· · · · · | monocarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 129/42 |
· · · · · | polycarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 129/44 |
· · · · · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/46 |
· · · · | cycloaliphatic [4]

|  | C10M 129/48 |
· · · | having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 129/50 |
· · · · | monocarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 129/52 |
· · · · | polycarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 129/54 |
· · · · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/56 |
· · · | Acids of unknown or incompletely defined constitution [4]

|  | C10M 129/58 |
· · · · | Naphthenic acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/60 |
· · · · | Tall oil acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/62 |
· · · · | Rosin acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/64 |
· · · | Acids obtained from polymerised unsaturated acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/66 |
· · | Epoxidised acids or esters [4]

|  | C10M 129/68 |
· · | Esters (epoxidised Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 129/66) [4]

|  | C10M 129/70 |
· · · | of monocarboxylic acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/72 |
· · · | of polycarboxylic acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/74 |
· · · | of polyhydroxy compounds [4]

|  | C10M 129/76 |
· · · | containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/78 |
· · · | Complex esters, i.e. compounds containing at least three esterified carboxyl groups and derived from the combination of at least three different types of the following five types of compound: monohydroxy compounds, polyhydroxy compounds, monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, hydroxy carboxylic acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/80 |
· · · · | derived from the combination of monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/82 |
· · · · | derived from the combination of monohydroxy compounds, dihydroxy compounds and dicarboxylic acids only and having no free hydroxy or carboxyl groups [4]

|  | C10M 129/84 |
· · · | of carbonic acid [4]

|  | C10M 129/86 |
· | having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/88 |
· · | Hydroxy compounds [4]

|  | C10M 129/90 |
· · · | having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/91 |
· · · | having hydroxy groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 129/92 |
· · | Carboxylic acids [4]

|  | C10M 129/93 |
· · · | having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 129/94 |
· · · | having carboxyl groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 129/95 |
· · | Esters [4]

P:220 |  | C10M 131/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing halogen [4]

|  | C10M 131/02 |
· | containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only [4]

|  | C10M 131/04 |
· · | aliphatic [4]

|  | C10M 131/06 |
· · | aromatic [4]

|  | C10M 131/08 |
· | containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen and oxygen [4]

|  | C10M 131/10 |
· · | Alcohols; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones [4]

|  | C10M 131/12 |
· · | Acids; Salts or esters thereof [4]

|  | C10M 131/14 |
· | Halogenated waxes [4]

P:210 |  | C10M 133/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C10M 133/02 |
· | having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms [4]

|  | C10M 133/04 |
· · | Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines (polyalkylene polyamines with eleven or more monomer units Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 149/22) [4]

|  | C10M 133/06 |
· · · | having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 133/08 |
· · · · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 133/10 |
· · · · | cycloaliphatic [4]

|  | C10M 133/12 |
· · · | having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 133/14 |
· · · · | containing hydroxy groups [4]

|  | C10M 133/16 |
· · | Amides; Imides [4]

|  | C10M 133/18 |
· · · | of carbonic or haloformic acids [4]

|  | C10M 133/20 |
· · · · | Ureas; Semicarbazides; Allophanates [4]

|  | C10M 133/22 |
· · | containing a carbon-to-nitrogen double bond, e.g. guanidines, hydrazones, semicarbazones [4]

|  | C10M 133/24 |
· · | Nitriles [4]

|  | C10M 133/26 |
· · | containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen double bond [4]

|  | C10M 133/28 |
· · · | Azo compounds [4]

|  | C10M 133/30 |
· · | containing a nitrogen-to-oxygen bond [4]

|  | C10M 133/32 |
· · · | containing a nitro group [4]

|  | C10M 133/34 |
· · · | containing a nitroso group [4]

|  | C10M 133/36 |
· · · | Hydroxylamines [4]

|  | C10M 133/38 |
· · | Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds [4]

|  | C10M 133/40 |
· · · | Six-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only [4]

|  | C10M 133/42 |
· · · · | Triazines [4]

|  | C10M 133/44 |
· · · | Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only [4]

|  | C10M 133/46 |
· · · · | Imidazoles [4]

|  | C10M 133/48 |
· · · | the ring containing both nitrogen and oxygen [4]

|  | C10M 133/50 |
· · · · | Morpholines [4]

|  | C10M 133/52 |
· | having a carbon chain of 30 or more atoms [4]

|  | C10M 133/54 |
· · | Amines [4]

|  | C10M 133/56 |
· · | Amides; Imides [4]

|  | C10M 133/58 |
· · | Heterocyclic compounds [4]

P:200 |  | C10M 135/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium [4]

|  | C10M 135/02 |
· | Sulfurised compounds [4]

|  | C10M 135/04 |
· · | Hydrocarbons [4]

|  | C10M 135/06 |
· · | Esters, e.g. fats [4]

|  | C10M 135/08 |
· | containing a sulfur-to-oxygen bond [4]

|  | C10M 135/10 |
· · | Sulfonic acids or derivatives thereof [4]

|  | C10M 135/12 |
· | Thio-acids; Thiocyanates; Derivatives thereof [4]

|  | C10M 135/14 |
· · | having a carbon-to-sulfur double bond [4]

|  | C10M 135/16 |
· · · | thiourea type, i.e. containing the group [4]

|  | C10M 135/18 |
· · · | thiocarbamic type, e.g. containing the groups [4]

|  | C10M 135/20 |
· | Thiols; Sulfides; Polysulfides [4]

|  | C10M 135/22 |
· · | containing sulfur atoms bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 135/24 |
· · · | containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof [4]

|  | C10M 135/26 |
· · · | containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof [4]

|  | C10M 135/28 |
· · | containing sulfur atoms bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring [4]

|  | C10M 135/30 |
· · · | containing hydroxy groups; Derivatives thereof [4]

|  | C10M 135/32 |
· | Heterocyclic sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds [4]

|  | C10M 135/34 |
· · | the ring containing sulfur and carbon only [4]

|  | C10M 135/36 |
· · | the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen [4]

P:190 |  | C10M 137/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C10M 137/02 |
· | having no phosphorus-to-carbon bond [4]

|  | C10M 137/04 |
· · | Phosphate esters [4]

|  | C10M 137/06 |
· · · | Metal salts [4]

|  | C10M 137/08 |
· · · | Ammonium or amine salts [4]

|  | C10M 137/10 |
· · · | Thio derivatives [4]

|  | C10M 137/12 |
· | having a phosphorus-to-carbon bond [4]

|  | C10M 137/14 |
· · | containing sulfur [4]

|  | C10M 137/16 |
· | having a phosphorus-to-nitrogen bond [4]

P:250 |  | C10M 139/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 127/00-C10M 137/00 [4]

|  | C10M 139/02 |
· | Esters of silicon acids [4]

|  | C10M 139/04 |
· | having a silicon-to-carbon bond, e.g. silanes [4]

|  | C10M 139/06 |
· | having a metal-to-carbon bond (metal complexes of unknown constitution Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 159/18) [4]

P:180 |  | C10M 141/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more compounds covered by more than one of the main groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 125/00-C10M 139/00, each of these compounds being essential [4]

|  | C10M 141/02 |
· | at least one of them being an organic oxygen-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 141/04 |
· | at least one of them being an organic halogen-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 141/06 |
· | at least one of them being an organic nitrogen-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 141/08 |
· | at least one of them being an organic sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 141/10 |
· | at least one of them being an organic phosphorus-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 141/12 |
· | at least one of them being an organic compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 141/02-C10M 141/10 [4]

P:160 |  | C10M 143/00 |
Lubricating composition characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation [4]

|  | C10M 143/02 |
· | Polyethene [4]

|  | C10M 143/04 |
· | containing propene [4]

|  | C10M 143/06 |
· | containing butene [4]

|  | C10M 143/08 |
· | containing aliphatic monomer having more than 4 carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 143/10 |
· | containing aromatic monomer, e.g. styrene [4]

|  | C10M 143/12 |
· | containing conjugated diene [4]

|  | C10M 143/14 |
· | containing non-conjugated diene [4]

|  | C10M 143/16 |
· | containing cycloaliphatic monomer [4]

|  | C10M 143/18 |
· | Oxidised hydrocarbons, i.e. oxidised subsequent to macromolecular formation [4]

P:150 |  | C10M 145/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing oxygen (oxidised hydrocarbons Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 143/18) [4]

|  | C10M 145/02 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 145/04 |
· · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an alcohol, aldehydo, ketonic, ether, ketal or acetal radical [4]

|  | C10M 145/06 |
· · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid [4]

|  | C10M 145/08 |
· · · | Vinyl esters of a saturated carboxylic or carbonic acid [4]

|  | C10M 145/10 |
· · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate [4]

|  | C10M 145/12 |
· · · | monocarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 145/14 |
· · · · | Acrylate; Methacrylate [4]

|  | C10M 145/16 |
· · · | polycarboxylic [4]

|  | C10M 145/18 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 145/20 |
· · | Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones [4]

|  | C10M 145/22 |
· · | Polyesters [4]

|  | C10M 145/24 |
· · | Polyethers [4]

|  | C10M 145/26 |
· · · | Polyoxyalkylenes [4]

|  | C10M 145/28 |
· · · · | of alkylene oxides containing 2 carbon atoms only [4]

|  | C10M 145/30 |
· · · · | of alkylene oxides containing 3 carbon atoms only [4]

|  | C10M 145/32 |
· · · · | of alkylene oxides containing 4 or more carbon atoms [4]

|  | C10M 145/34 |
· · · · | of two or more specified different types [4]

|  | C10M 145/36 |
· · · · | etherified [4]

|  | C10M 145/38 |
· · · · | esterified [4]

|  | C10M 145/40 |
· | Polysaccharides, e.g. cellulose [4]

P:140 |  | C10M 147/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing halogen [4]

|  | C10M 147/02 |
· | Monomer containing carbon, hydrogen and halogen only [4]

|  | C10M 147/04 |
· | Monomer containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen and oxygen [4]

P:130 |  | C10M 149/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C10M 149/02 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 149/04 |
· · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amino group [4]

|  | C10M 149/06 |
· · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to an amido or imido group [4]

|  | C10M 149/08 |
· · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrile group [4]

|  | C10M 149/10 |
· · | containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring [4]

|  | C10M 149/12 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 149/14 |
· · | a condensation reaction being involved [4]

|  | C10M 149/16 |
· · · | between the nitrogen-containing monomer and an aldehyde or ketone [4]

|  | C10M 149/18 |
· · · | Polyamides [4]

|  | C10M 149/20 |
· · · | Polyureas [4]

|  | C10M 149/22 |
· · · | Polyamines [4]

P:120 |  | C10M 151/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium [4]

|  | C10M 151/02 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 151/04 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

P:110 |  | C10M 153/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C10M 153/02 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

|  | C10M 153/04 |
· | Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [4]

P:170 |  | C10M 155/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 143/00-C10M 153/00 [4]

|  | C10M 155/02 |
· | Monomer containing silicon [4]

|  | C10M 155/04 |
· | Monomer containing boron [4]

P:100 |  | C10M 157/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of two or more macromolecular compounds covered by more than one of the main groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 143/00-C10M 155/00, each of these compounds being essential [4]

|  | C10M 157/02 |
· | at least one of them being a halogen-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 157/04 |
· | at least one of them being a nitrogen-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 157/06 |
· | at least one of them being a sulfur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 157/08 |
· | at least one of them being a phosphorus-containing compound [4]

|  | C10M 157/10 |
· | at least one of them being a compound containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 157/02-C10M 157/08 [4]

P:90 |  | C10M 159/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution (carboxylic acids with less than 30 carbon atoms in the chain, of unknown or incompletely defined constitution Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 129/56) [4]

|  | C10M 159/02 |
· | Natural products [4]

|  | C10M 159/04 |
· · | Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents [4]

|  | C10M 159/06 |
· · | Waxes, e.g. ozocerite, ceresine, petrolatum, slack-wax [4]

|  | C10M 159/08 |
· · | Fatty oils [4]

|  | C10M 159/10 |
· · | Rubber [4]

|  | C10M 159/12 |
· | Reaction products [4]

|  | C10M 159/12 |
Note(s) When classifying in this group, any reactant of a reaction product which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified in the last appropriate place in this subclass. This can, for example, be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information". [8]

|  | C10M 159/14 |
· · | obtained by Friedel-Crafts condensation [4]

|  | C10M 159/16 |
· · | obtained by Mannich reactions [4]

|  | C10M 159/18 |
· · | Complexes with metals [4]

|  | C10M 159/20 |
· · | Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products [4]

|  | C10M 159/22 |
· · · | containing phenol radicals [4]

|  | C10M 159/24 |
· · · | containing sulfonic radicals [4]

P:80 |  | C10M 161/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential [4]

P:70 |  | C10M 163/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential [4]

P:60 |  | C10M 165/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential [4]

P:50 |  | C10M 167/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential [4]

|  | C10M 169/00 |
Mixtures of base-materials, thickeners and additives [4]

P:40 |  | C10M 169/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential [4]

|  | C10M 169/02 |
· | Mixtures of base-materials and thickeners [4]

|  | C10M 169/04 |
· | Mixtures of base-materials and additives [4]

|  | C10M 169/06 |
· | Mixtures of thickeners and additives [4]

|  | C10M 171/00 |
Compositions characterised by physical properties [4]

P:30 |  | C10M 171/00 |
Lubricating compositions characterised by purely physical criteria, e.g. containing as base-material, thickener or additive, ingredients which are characterised exclusively by their numerically specified physical properties, i.e. containing ingredients which are physically well defined but for which the chemical nature is either unspecified or only very vaguely indicated (chemically defined ingredients Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 101/00-C10M 169/00; petroleum fractions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 101/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 121/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10M 159/04) [4]

|  | C10M 171/02 |
· | Specified values of viscosity or viscosity index [4]

|  | C10M 171/04 |
· | Specified molecular weight or molecular weight distribution [4]

|  | C10M 171/06 |
· | Particles of special shape or size [4]

|  | C10M 173/00 |
Aqueous lubricating compositions [4]

P:20 |  | C10M 173/00 |
Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water [4]

|  | C10M 173/02 |
· | not containing mineral or fatty oils [4]

|  | C10M 175/00 |
Working-up [4]

P:10 |  | C10M 175/00 |
Working-up used lubricants to recover useful products [4]

|  | C10M 175/02 |
· | mineral-oil based [4]

|  | C10M 175/04 |
· | aqueous emulsion based [4]

|  | C10M 175/06 |
· | by ultrafiltration or osmosis [4]

|  | C10M 177/00 |
Preparation or after-treatment [4]

P:0 |  | C10M 177/00 |
Special methods of preparation of lubricating compositions; Chemical modification by after-treatment of components or of the whole of a lubricating composition, not covered by other classes [4]