|  | C |
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

|  | C |
Note(s) In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows: Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg Heavy metals: metals other than light metals Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens Metals: elements other than non-metals Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards Section C covers: pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation; applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents; certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry; certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general; metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys. In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27. There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example: Certain extractive processes, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61K; The chemical purification of air, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61L; Chemical methods of fire-fighting, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62D; Chemical processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01; Impregnation of wood, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27K; Chemical methods of analysis or testing, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N; Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D. In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for: treatment of plants or animals, covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01N; foodstuffs, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23; ammunition or explosives, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F42. When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.

CHEMISTRY

|  | C01 |
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04B 35/00; fermentation or enzyme-using processes for the preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C12P 3/00; obtaining metal compounds from mixtures, e.g. ores, which are intermediate compounds in a metallurgical process for obtaining a free metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C21B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C22B; production of non-metallic elements or inorganic compounds by electrolysis or electrophoresis Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25B)

|  | C01 |
Note(s) In subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B-C01G, and within each of these subclasses, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, a compound is classified in the last appropriate place, e.g. potassium permanganate is classified only as a permanganate compound, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01G. [3] Biocidal, pest repellant, pest attractant or plant growth regulatory activity of compounds or preparations is further classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01P. [8] Processes using enzymes or micro-organisms in order to: [5] liberate, separate or purify a pre-existing compound or composition, or to treat textiles or clean solid surfaces of materials are further classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C12S. [5]

|  | C01G |
COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01D OR Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01F (metal hydrides Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 11/00; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 15/00; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 17/64; compounds containing selenium or tellurium Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 21/06; azides Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 21/08; metal amides Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 21/092; nitrites Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 21/50; phosphides Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 25/16; carbides Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 31/30; compounds containing silicon Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 33/00; compounds containing boron Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 39/00; cyanides Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01C 3/08; salts of cyanic acid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01C 3/14; salts of cyanamide Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01C 3/16; thiocyanates Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01C 3/20)

|  | C01G |
Note(s) Attention is drawn to Note (1) after class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01, which defines the last place priority rule applied in this class, i.e. in the range of subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B-C01G and within these subclasses. [8] Therapeutic activity of compounds is further classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61P. [7]

|  | C01G |
Subclass index
GENERAL METHODS OF PREPARATION | 1/00
METALLIC COMPOUNDS, IN ALPHABETICAL ORDER OF THE SYMBOL FOR THE METAL |
Ag Silver | 5/00
As Arsenic | 28/00
Au Gold | 7/00
Bi Bismuth | 29/00
Cd Cadmium | 11/00
Co Cobalt | 51/00
Cr Chromium | 37/00
Cu Copper | 3/00
Fe Iron | 49/00
Ga Gallium | 15/00
Ge Germanium | 17/00
Hf Hafnium | 27/00
Hg Mercury | 13/00
In Indium | 15/00
Ir Iridium | 55/00
Mn Manganese | 45/00
Mo Molybdenum | 39/00
Nb Niobium | 33/00
Ni Nickel | 53/00
Os Osmium | 55/00
Pb Lead | 21/00
Pd Palladium | 55/00
Pt Platinum | 55/00
Re Rhenium | 47/00
Rh Rhodium | 55/00
Ru Ruthenium | 55/00
Sb Antimony | 30/00
Sn Tin | 19/00
Ta Tantalum | 35/00
Ti Titanium | 23/00
Tl Thallium | 15/00
U Uranium | 43/00
V Vanadium | 31/00
W Tungsten | 41/00
Zn Zinc | 9/00
Zr Zirconium | 25/00
COMPOUNDS OF TRANSURANIC ELEMENTS | 56/00
COMPOUNDS OF METALS NOT COVERED BY THE PRECEDING GROUPS | 57/00

P:300 |  | C01G 1/00 |
Methods of preparing compounds of metals not covered by subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01D, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01F, in general (electrolytic production of inorganic compounds Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25B 1/00) [2]

|  | C01G 1/02 |
· | Oxides

|  | C01G 1/04 |
· | Carbonyls

|  | C01G 1/06 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 1/08 |
· | Nitrates

|  | C01G 1/10 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 1/12 |
· | Sulfides

|  | C01G 1/14 |
· | Sulfites

P:290 |  | C01G 3/00 |
Compounds of copper

|  | C01G 3/02 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides

|  | C01G 3/04 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 3/05 |
· · | Chlorides [3]

|  | C01G 3/06 |
· · | Oxychlorides

|  | C01G 3/08 |
· | Nitrates

|  | C01G 3/10 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 3/12 |
· | Sulfides

|  | C01G 3/14 |
· | Complexes with ammonia

P:280 |  | C01G 5/00 |
Compounds of silver

|  | C01G 5/02 |
· | Halides [3]

P:270 |  | C01G 7/00 |
Compounds of gold

P:260 |  | C01G 9/00 |
Compounds of zinc

|  | C01G 9/02 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides [3]

|  | C01G 9/03 |
· · | Processes of production using dry methods, e.g. vapour phase processes [3]

|  | C01G 9/04 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 9/06 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 9/08 |
· | Sulfides

P:250 |  | C01G 11/00 |
Compounds of cadmium

|  | C01G 11/02 |
· | Sulfides [3]

P:240 |  | C01G 13/00 |
Compounds of mercury

|  | C01G 13/02 |
· | Oxides

|  | C01G 13/04 |
· | Halides

P:230 |  | C01G 15/00 |
Compounds of gallium, indium, or thallium

P:220 |  | C01G 17/00 |
Compounds of germanium

|  | C01G 17/02 |
· | Germanium dioxide

|  | C01G 17/04 |
· | Halides of germanium

P:210 |  | C01G 19/00 |
Compounds of tin

|  | C01G 19/02 |
· | Oxides

|  | C01G 19/04 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 19/06 |
· · | Stannous chloride

|  | C01G 19/08 |
· · | Stannic chloride

P:200 |  | C01G 21/00 |
Compounds of lead

|  | C01G 21/02 |
· | Oxides

|  | C01G 21/04 |
· · | Lead suboxide (Pb2O)

|  | C01G 21/06 |
· · | Lead monoxide (PbO)

|  | C01G 21/08 |
· · | Lead dioxide (PbO2)

|  | C01G 21/10 |
· · | Red lead (Pb3O4)

|  | C01G 21/12 |
· | Hydroxides

|  | C01G 21/14 |
· | Carbonates

|  | C01G 21/16 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 21/18 |
· | Nitrates

|  | C01G 21/20 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 21/21 |
· | Sulfides [3]

|  | C01G 21/22 |
· | Plumbates; Plumbites

P:190 |  | C01G 23/00 |
Compounds of titanium

|  | C01G 23/02 |
· | Halides of titanium

|  | C01G 23/04 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides [3]

|  | C01G 23/047 |
· · | Titanium dioxide [3]

|  | C01G 23/053 |
· · · | Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts [3]

|  | C01G 23/07 |
· · · | Producing by vapour phase processes, e.g. halide oxidation [3]

|  | C01G 23/08 |
· · · | Drying; Calcining [3]

P:180 |  | C01G 25/00 |
Compounds of zirconium

|  | C01G 25/02 |
· | Oxides

|  | C01G 25/04 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 25/06 |
· | Sulfates

P:170 |  | C01G 27/00 |
Compounds of hafnium

|  | C01G 27/02 |
· | Oxides

|  | C01G 27/04 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 27/06 |
· | Sulfates

P:160 |  | C01G 28/00 |
Compounds of arsenic [3]

|  | C01G 28/02 |
· | Arsenates; Arsenites [3]

P:150 |  | C01G 29/00 |
Compounds of bismuth

P:140 |  | C01G 30/00 |
Compounds of antimony [3]

|  | C01G 30/02 |
· | Antimonates; Antimonites [3]

P:130 |  | C01G 31/00 |
Compounds of vanadium

|  | C01G 31/02 |
· | Oxides [3]

|  | C01G 31/04 |
· | Halides [3]

P:120 |  | C01G 33/00 |
Compounds of niobium

P:110 |  | C01G 35/00 |
Compounds of tantalum

|  | C01G 35/02 |
· | Halides [3]

P:100 |  | C01G 37/00 |
Compounds of chromium

|  | C01G 37/02 |
· | Oxides or hydrates thereof

|  | C01G 37/027 |
· · | Chromium dioxide [3]

|  | C01G 37/033 |
· · | Chromium trioxide; Chromic acid [3]

|  | C01G 37/04 |
· | Chromium halides

|  | C01G 37/06 |
· · | Chromylhalides

|  | C01G 37/08 |
· | Chromium sulfates

|  | C01G 37/10 |
· · | Chrome alum

|  | C01G 37/14 |
· | Chromates; Bichromates

P:90 |  | C01G 39/00 |
Compounds of molybdenum

|  | C01G 39/02 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides [3]

|  | C01G 39/04 |
· | Halides [3]

|  | C01G 39/06 |
· | Sulfides [3]

P:80 |  | C01G 41/00 |
Compounds of tungsten

|  | C01G 41/02 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides [3]

|  | C01G 41/04 |
· | Halides [3]

P:70 |  | C01G 43/00 |
Compounds of uranium

|  | C01G 43/01 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides [3]

|  | C01G 43/025 |
· · | Uranium dioxide [3]

|  | C01G 43/04 |
· | Halides of uranium

|  | C01G 43/06 |
· · | Fluorides

|  | C01G 43/08 |
· · | Chlorides

|  | C01G 43/10 |
· · | Bromides

|  | C01G 43/12 |
· · | Iodides

P:60 |  | C01G 45/00 |
Compounds of manganese

|  | C01G 45/02 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides

|  | C01G 45/04 |
· | Carbonyls

|  | C01G 45/06 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 45/08 |
· | Nitrates

|  | C01G 45/10 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 45/12 |
· | Manganates; Permanganates

P:50 |  | C01G 47/00 |
Compounds of rhenium

P:40 |  | C01G 49/00 |
Compounds of iron

|  | C01G 49/02 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides

|  | C01G 49/04 |
· · | Ferrous oxide (FeO)

|  | C01G 49/06 |
· · | Ferric oxide (Fe2O3)

|  | C01G 49/08 |
· · | Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe3O4)

|  | C01G 49/10 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 49/12 |
· | Sulfides

|  | C01G 49/14 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 49/16 |
· | Carbonyls

P:30 |  | C01G 51/00 |
Compounds of cobalt

|  | C01G 51/02 |
· | Carbonyls

|  | C01G 51/04 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides

|  | C01G 51/06 |
· | Carbonates

|  | C01G 51/08 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 51/10 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 51/12 |
· | Complexes with ammonia

P:20 |  | C01G 53/00 |
Compounds of nickel

|  | C01G 53/02 |
· | Carbonyls

|  | C01G 53/04 |
· | Oxides; Hydroxides

|  | C01G 53/06 |
· | Carbonates

|  | C01G 53/08 |
· | Halides

|  | C01G 53/09 |
· · | Chlorides [3]

|  | C01G 53/10 |
· | Sulfates

|  | C01G 53/11 |
· | Sulfides [3]

|  | C01G 53/12 |
· | Complexes with ammonia

P:10 |  | C01G 55/00 |
Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum

P:0 |  | C01G 56/00 |
Compounds of transuranic elements

P:310 |  | C01G 57/00 |
Compounds of metals not covered elsewhere in this subclass