|  | H |
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY

|  | H |
Note(s) These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H. Section H covers: basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere); generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear; applied electricity, which covers: general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits; some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including: electric light sources, including lasers; electric X-ray technique; electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons; basic electronic circuits and their control; radio or electric communication technique; the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 57 to 59 of the Guide should be referred to. In this section, the following general rules apply: Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question; The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include: the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61; the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01 and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03 and in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B; the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23Q; the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself; All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a), above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself. In this section, the following special cases occur: Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H or class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B which cover the same technical subjects; In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B; In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21; As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

|  | H05 |
ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR

|  | H05H |
PLASMA TECHNIQUE (fusion reactors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21B; ion-beam tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 27/00; magnetohydrodynamic generators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02K 44/08; producing X-rays involving plasma generation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05G 2/00); PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY- CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS (obtaining neutrons from radioactive sources Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21G); PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS (atomic clocks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G04F 5/14; devices using stimulated emission Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01S; frequency regulation by comparison with a reference frequency determined by energy levels of molecules, atoms, or subatomic particles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03L 7/26)

|  | H05H |
Note(s) This subclass covers: generating or handling plasma; devices not covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J and in which electrons, ion beams, or neutral particles are accelerated to high energies; devices for producing neutral particle beams; [3] targets for (a), (b), or (c). [3] Attention is drawn to subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21K. [3]

|  | H05H |
Subclass index
PLASMA TECHNIQUE | 1/00
PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL PARTICLE BEAMS | 3/00
TARGETS FOR NUCLEAR REACTIONS | 6/00
PARTICLE ACCELERATORS |
Direct voltage accelerators, accelerators using single pulses | 5/00
Linear; magnetic induction; magnetic resonance | 9/00; 11/00; 13/00
Others | 15/00
Details | 7/00

|  | H05H 1/00 |
Generating plasma; Handling plasma

|  | H05H 1/02 |
· | Arrangements for confining plasma by electric or magnetic fields; Arrangements for heating plasma (electron optics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J)

|  | H05H 1/03 |
· · | using electrostatic fields [3]

|  | H05H 1/04 |
· · | using magnetic fields substantially generated by the discharge in the plasma

|  | H05H 1/06 |
· · · | Longitudinal pinch devices

|  | H05H 1/08 |
· · · | Theta pinch devices

|  | H05H 1/10 |
· · | using applied magnetic fields only

|  | H05H 1/11 |
· · · | using cusp configuration (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/14 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H05H 1/12 |
· · · | wherein the containment vessel forms a closed loop, e.g. stellarator

|  | H05H 1/14 |
· · · | wherein the containment vessel is straight and has magnetic mirrors

|  | H05H 1/16 |
· · | using applied electric and magnetic fields

|  | H05H 1/18 |
· · · | wherein the fields oscillate at a very high frequency, e.g. in the microwave range

|  | H05H 1/20 |
· · | Ohmic heating

|  | H05H 1/22 |
· · | for injection heating

|  | H05H 1/24 |
· | Generating plasma [2]

|  | H05H 1/26 |
· · | Plasma torches [2]

|  | H05H 1/28 |
· · · | Cooling arrangements [3]

|  | H05H 1/30 |
· · · | using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high-frequency or microwave energy (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/28 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H05H 1/32 |
· · · | using an arc (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/28 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H05H 1/34 |
· · · · | Details, e.g. electrodes, nozzles [3]

|  | H05H 1/36 |
· · · · · | Circuit arrangements (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/38, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/40 take precedence) [3]

|  | H05H 1/38 |
· · · · · | Guiding or centering of electrodes [3]

|  | H05H 1/40 |
· · · · · | using applied magnetic fields, e.g. for focusing or rotating the arc [3]

|  | H05H 1/42 |
· · · · | with provisions for introducing materials into the plasma, e.g. powder, liquid (electrostatic spraying, spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05B 5/00) [3]

|  | H05H 1/44 |
· · · · | using more than one torch [3]

|  | H05H 1/46 |
· · | using applied electromagnetic fields, e.g. high frequency or microwave energy (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/26 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H05H 1/48 |
· · | using an arc (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/26 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H05H 1/50 |
· · · | and using applied magnetic fields, e.g. for focusing or rotating the arc [3]

|  | H05H 1/52 |
· · | using exploding wires or spark gaps (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/26 takes precedence; spark gaps in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T) [3]

|  | H05H 1/54 |
· | Plasma accelerators [3]

|  | H05H 3/00 |
Production or acceleration of neutral particle beams, e.g. molecular or atomic beams [3]

|  | H05H 3/02 |
· | Molecular or atomic-beam generation, e.g. resonant beam generation (gas masers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01S 1/06) [3]

|  | H05H 3/04 |
· | Acceleration by electromagnetic wave pressure [3]

|  | H05H 3/06 |
· | Generating neutron beams (targets for producing nuclear reactions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 6/00; neutron sources Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21G 4/02) [5]

|  | H05H 5/00 |
Direct voltage accelerators; Accelerators using single pulses (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 3/06 takes precedence) [5]

|  | H05H 5/02 |
· | Details (targets for producing nuclear reactions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 6/00) [3]

|  | H05H 5/03 |
· · | Accelerating tubes (vessels or containers of electric discharge tubes with improved potential distribution over surface of vessel Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/06; shields of X-ray tubes associated with vessels or containers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 35/16) [4]

|  | H05H 5/04 |
· | energised by electrostatic generators, e.g. by van de Graaff generator [4]

|  | H05H 5/06 |
· | Tandem accelerators; Multi-stage accelerators

|  | H05H 5/08 |
· | Particle accelerators using step-up transformers, e.g. resonance transformers [4]

|  | H05H 6/00 |
Targets for producing nuclear reactions (supports for targets or objects to be irradiated Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21K 5/08) [3]

|  | H05H 7/00 |
Details of devices of the types covered by groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 9/00-H05H 13/00 (targets for producing nuclear reactions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 6/00) [3]

|  | H05H 7/02 |
· | Circuits or systems for supplying or feeding radio-frequency energy (radio-frequency generators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03B)

|  | H05H 7/04 |
· | Magnet systems; Energisation thereof

|  | H05H 7/06 |
· | Two-beam arrangements; Multi-beam arrangements

|  | H05H 7/08 |
· | Arrangements for injecting particles into orbits

|  | H05H 7/10 |
· | Arrangements for ejecting particles from orbits

|  | H05H 7/12 |
· | Arrangements for varying final energy of beam

|  | H05H 7/14 |
· | Vacuum chambers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 5/03 takes precedence) [4]

|  | H05H 7/16 |
· · | of the waveguide type [4]

|  | H05H 7/18 |
· · | Cavities; Resonators [4]

|  | H05H 7/20 |
· · · | with superconductive walls [4]

|  | H05H 7/22 |
· | Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 7/02-H05H 7/20 take precedence) [4]

|  | H05H 9/00 |
Linear accelerators (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 11/00 takes precedence)

|  | H05H 9/02 |
· | Travelling-wave linear accelerators

|  | H05H 9/04 |
· | Standing-wave linear accelerators

|  | H05H 11/00 |
Magnetic induction accelerators, e.g. betatrons

|  | H05H 11/02 |
· | Air-cored betatrons

|  | H05H 11/04 |
· | Biased betatrons

|  | H05H 13/00 |
Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons

|  | H05H 13/02 |
· | Synchrocyclotrons, i.e. frequency-modulated cyclotrons

|  | H05H 13/04 |
· | Synchrotrons

|  | H05H 13/06 |
· | Air-cored magnetic resonance accelerators

|  | H05H 13/08 |
· | Alternating-gradient magnetic resonance accelerators

|  | H05H 13/10 |
· | Accelerators comprising one or more linear accelerating sections and bending magnets or the like to return the charged particles in a trajectory parallel to the first accelerating section, e.g. microtrons [4]

|  | H05H 15/00 |
Methods or devices for acceleration of charged particles not otherwise provided for [4]