|  | H |
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY

|  | H |
Note(s) These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H. Section H covers: basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere); generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear; applied electricity, which covers: general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits; some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including: electric light sources, including lasers; electric X-ray technique; electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons; basic electronic circuits and their control; radio or electric communication technique; the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 57 to 59 of the Guide should be referred to. In this section, the following general rules apply: Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question; The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include: the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61; the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01 and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03 and in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B; the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23Q; the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself; All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a), above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself. In this section, the following special cases occur: Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H or class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B which cover the same technical subjects; In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B; In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21; As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

|  | H03 |
BASIC ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY

|  | H03H |
IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS (measuring, testing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01R; arrangements for producing a reverberation or echo sound Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G10K 15/08; impedance networks or resonators consisting of distributed impedances, e.g. of the waveguide type, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P; control of amplification, e.g. bandwidth control of amplifiers, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03G; tuning resonant circuits, e.g. tuning coupled resonant circuits, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03J; networks for modifying the frequency characteristics of communication systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04B)

|  | H03H |
Note(s) This subclass covers: networks comprising lumped impedance elements; networks comprising distributed impedance elements together with lumped impedance elements; networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; networks simulating reactances and comprising discharge tubes or semiconductor devices; constructions of electromechanical resonators. In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: "passive elements" means resistors, capacitors, inductors, mutual inductors, or diodes. [3] In this subclass, main groups with a higher number take precedence. [3]

|  | H03H |
Subclass index
NETWORKS |
Adaptive | 21/00
Using digital techniques | 17/00
Transversal filters | 15/00
Using passive elements only: |
one port; multi-port | 5/00; 7/00
Using electromechanical or electro-acoustical elements | 9/00
Using active elements | 11/00
Using time varying elements | 19/00
Using other elements or techniques | 2/00
DETAILS | 1/00
MANUFACTURE | 3/00

|  | H03H 1/00 |
Constructional details of impedance networks whose electrical mode of operation is not specified or applicable to more than one type of network (constructional details of electromechanical transducers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/00)

|  | H03H 1/02 |
· | RC networks, e.g. filters (structural combinations of capacitors with other electric elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01G) [3]

|  | H03H 2/00 |
Networks using elements or techniques not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 3/00-H03H 21/00 [3]

|  | H03H 3/00 |
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of impedance networks, resonating circuits, resonators

|  | H03H 3/007 |
· | for the manufacture of electromechanical resonators or networks [3]

|  | H03H 3/013 |
· · | for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficient (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 3/04, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 3/10 take precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 3/02 |
· · | for the manufacture of piezo-electric or electrostrictive resonators or networks (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 3/08 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 3/04 |
· · · | for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficient [3]

|  | H03H 3/06 |
· · | for the manufacture of magnetostrictive resonators or networks [3]

|  | H03H 3/08 |
· · | for the manufacture of resonators or networks using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 3/10 |
· · · | for obtaining desired frequency or temperature coefficient [3]

|  | H03H 5/00 |
One-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components [3]

|  | H03H 5/02 |
· | without voltage- or current-dependent elements

|  | H03H 5/10 |
· · | comprising at least one element with prescribed temperature coefficient

|  | H03H 5/12 |
· | with at least one voltage- or current-dependent element

|  | H03H 7/00 |
Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components (receiver input circuits Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04B 1/18; networks simulating a length of communication cable Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04B 3/40) [3]

|  | H03H 7/01 |
· | Frequency selective two-port networks [3]

|  | H03H 7/03 |
· · | comprising means for compensation of loss [3]

|  | H03H 7/06 |
· · | including resistors (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 7/075, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 7/09, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 7/12, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 7/13 take precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 7/065 |
· · · | Parallel T-filters [3]

|  | H03H 7/07 |
· · · | Bridged T-filters [3]

|  | H03H 7/075 |
· · | Ladder networks, e.g. electric wave filters [3]

|  | H03H 7/09 |
· · | Filters comprising mutual inductance [3]

|  | H03H 7/12 |
· · | Bandpass or bandstop filters with adjustable bandwidth and fixed centre frequency (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 7/09 takes precedence; automatic control of bandwidth in amplifiers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03G 5/16)

|  | H03H 7/13 |
· · | using electro-optical elements [3]

|  | H03H 7/18 |
· | Networks for phase shifting

|  | H03H 7/19 |
· · | Two-port phase shifters providing a predetermined phase shift, e.g. "all-pass" filters [3]

|  | H03H 7/20 |
· · | Two-port phase shifters providing an adjustable phase shift [3]

|  | H03H 7/21 |
· · | providing two or more phase shifted output signals, e.g. n-phase output [3]

|  | H03H 7/24 |
· | Frequency-independent attenuators

|  | H03H 7/25 |
· · | comprising an element controlled by an electric or magnetic variable (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 7/27 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 7/27 |
· · | comprising a photo-electric element [3]

|  | H03H 7/30 |
· | Time-delay networks

|  | H03H 7/32 |
· · | with lumped inductance and capacitance

|  | H03H 7/34 |
· · | with lumped and distributed reactance

|  | H03H 7/38 |
· | Impedance-matching networks

|  | H03H 7/40 |
· · | Automatic matching of load impedance to source impedance

|  | H03H 7/42 |
· | Balance/unbalance networks

|  | H03H 7/46 |
· | Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source (for use in multiplex transmission systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04J 1/00)

|  | H03H 7/48 |
· | Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency or frequency band, to a common load or source (phase shifters providing two or more output signals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 7/21) [3]

|  | H03H 7/52 |
· | One-way transmission networks, i.e. unilines

|  | H03H 7/54 |
· | Modifications of networks to reduce influence of variations of temperature [3]

|  | H03H 9/00 |
Networks comprising electromechanical or electro-acoustic elements; Electromechanical resonators (manufacture of piezo-electric or magnetostrictive elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01L 41/00; loudspeakers, microphones, gramophone pick-ups or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04R)

|  | H03H 9/02 |
· | Details [3]

|  | H03H 9/05 |
· · | Holders; Supports [3]

|  | H03H 9/08 |
· · · | Holders with means for regulating temperature

|  | H03H 9/09 |
· · · | Elastic or damping supports [3]

|  | H03H 9/10 |
· · · | Mounting in enclosures

|  | H03H 9/12 |
· · · · | for networks with interaction of optical and acoustic waves

|  | H03H 9/125 |
· · | Driving means, e.g. electrodes, coils [3]

|  | H03H 9/13 |
· · · | for networks consisting of piezo-electric or electrostrictive materials (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/145 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/135 |
· · · | for networks consisting of magnetostrictive materials (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/145 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/145 |
· · · | for networks using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 9/15 |
· | Constructional features of resonators consisting of piezo-electric or electrostrictive material (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/25 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/17 |
· · | having a single resonator (crystal tuning forks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/21) [3]

|  | H03H 9/19 |
· · · | consisting of quartz [3]

|  | H03H 9/205 |
· · | having multiple resonators (crystal tuning forks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/21) [3]

|  | H03H 9/21 |
· · | Crystal tuning forks [3]

|  | H03H 9/215 |
· · · | consisting of quartz [3]

|  | H03H 9/22 |
· | Constructional features of resonators consisting of magnetostricitve material

|  | H03H 9/24 |
· | Constructional features of resonators of material which is not piezo-electric, electrostrictive, or magnetostrictive

|  | H03H 9/25 |
· | Constructional features of resonators using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 9/30 - H03H 9/76 |
Note(s) Groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/15-H03H 9/25 take precedence over groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/30-H03H 9/76. [3]

|  | H03H 9/30 |
· | Time-delay networks

|  | H03H 9/36 |
· · | with non-adjustable delay time (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/40, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/42 take precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/38 |
· · | with adjustable delay time (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/40, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/42 take precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/40 |
· · | Frequency-dependent delay lines, e.g. dispersive delay lines (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/42 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/42 |
· · | using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 9/44 |
· · · | Frequency-dependent delay lines, e.g. dispersive delay lines [3]

|  | H03H 9/46 |
· | Filters (multiple-port electromechanical filters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/70) [3]

|  | H03H 9/48 |
· · | Coupling means therefor [3]

|  | H03H 9/50 |
· · · | Mechanical coupling means [3]

|  | H03H 9/52 |
· · · | Electric coupling means [3]

|  | H03H 9/54 |
· · | comprising resonators of piezo-electric or electrostrictive material (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/64 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/56 |
· · · | Monolithic crystal filters [3]

|  | H03H 9/58 |
· · · | Multiple crystal filters [3]

|  | H03H 9/60 |
· · · · | Electric coupling means therefor [3]

|  | H03H 9/62 |
· · | comprising resonators of magnetostrictive material (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/64 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 9/64 |
· · | using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 9/66 |
· | Phase shifters [3]

|  | H03H 9/68 |
· · | using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 9/70 |
· | Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common or source [3]

|  | H03H 9/72 |
· · | Networks using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 9/74 |
· | Multiple-port networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency or frequency band, to a common load or source (networks for phase shifting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/66) [3]

|  | H03H 9/76 |
· · | Networks using surface acoustic waves [3]

|  | H03H 11/00 |
Networks using active elements

|  | H03H 11/02 |
· | Multiple-port networks [3]

|  | H03H 11/04 |
· · | Frequency selective two-port networks [3]

|  | H03H 11/06 |
· · · | comprising means for compensation of loss [3]

|  | H03H 11/08 |
· · · | using gyrators [3]

|  | H03H 11/10 |
· · · | using negative impedance converters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 11/08 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 11/12 |
· · · | using amplifiers with feedback (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 11/08, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 11/10 take precedence) [3]

|  | H03H 11/14 |
· · · | using electro-optical devices [3]

|  | H03H 11/16 |
· · | Networks for phase shifting [3]

|  | H03H 11/18 |
· · · | Two-port phase shifters providing a predetermined phase shift, e.g. "all-pass" filters [3]

|  | H03H 11/20 |
· · · | Two-port phase shifters providing an adjustable phase shift [3]

|  | H03H 11/22 |
· · · | providing two or more phase shifted output signals, e.g. n-phase output [3]

|  | H03H 11/24 |
· · | Frequency-independent attenuators [3]

|  | H03H 11/26 |
· · | Time-delay networks (analogue shift registers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G11C 27/04) [3]

|  | H03H 11/28 |
· · | Impedance matching networks [3]

|  | H03H 11/30 |
· · · | Automatic matching of source impedance to load impedance [3]

|  | H03H 11/32 |
· · | Balance-unbalance networks [3]

|  | H03H 11/34 |
· · | Networks for connecting several sources or loads working on different frequencies or frequency bands, to a common load or source (for use in multiplex transmission systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04J 1/00) [3]

|  | H03H 11/36 |
· · | Networks for connecting several sources or loads, working on the same frequency or frequency band, to a common load or source (phase shifters providing two or more output signals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 11/22) [3]

|  | H03H 11/38 |
· · | One-way transmission networks, i.e. unilines [3]

|  | H03H 11/40 |
· · | Impedance converters [3]

|  | H03H 11/42 |
· · · | Gyrators (used in frequency selective networks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 11/08) [3]

|  | H03H 11/44 |
· · · | Negative impedance converters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 11/42 takes precedence; used in frequency-selective networks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 11/10) [3]

|  | H03H 11/46 |
· | One-port networks [3]

|  | H03H 11/48 |
· · | simulating reactances [3]

|  | H03H 11/50 |
· · · | using gyrators [3]

|  | H03H 11/52 |
· · | simulating negative resistances [3]

|  | H03H 11/54 |
· | Modifications of networks to reduce influence of variations of temperature [3]

|  | H03H 15/00 |
Transversal filters (electromechanical filters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/46, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H 9/70) [3]

|  | H03H 15/02 |
· | using analogue shift registers [3]

|  | H03H 17/00 |
Networks using digital techniques [3]

|  | H03H 17/02 |
· | Frequency-selective networks [3]

|  | H03H 17/04 |
· · | Recursive filters [3]

|  | H03H 17/06 |
· · | Non-recursive filters [3]

|  | H03H 17/08 |
· | Networks for phase-shifting [3]

|  | H03H 19/00 |
Networks using time-varying elements, e.g. N-path filters [3]

|  | H03H 21/00 |
Adaptive networks [3]