|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

SHAPING

|  | B31 |
MAKING PAPER ARTICLES; WORKING PAPER (making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B; handling thin material, e.g. sheets, webs, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H)

|  | B31 |
Note(s) This class covers subject matter restricted to adaptations or associations of handling sheets, webs, or blanks peculiar to paper-working, e.g. bag or box making, machinery. This class does not cover: making articles directly from paper pulp, which is covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21J; handling sheets, webs, or blanks of wider applicability, irrespective of whether described or claimed only for paper-working machinery, which is regarded as being of a more comprehensive nature and is covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H. In this class, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "paper" covers material worked in a manner analogous to paper, e.g. plastics sheet materials, laminated materials or metal foils.

|  | B31B |
MAKING BOXES, CARTONS, ENVELOPES, OR BAGS (incising, scoring, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26D 3/08; combined making and filling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B)

|  | B31B |
Note(s) In this subclass, envelopes or bags are regarded as being essentially flexible containers, the final shape of which is determined by their contents. In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: "boxes or cartons" includes bags formed similarly to cartons, trays with upstanding side-walls, barrels, tubes and cups, other than articles formed by winding. In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31B 3/00-B31B 41/00, subgroups which have not been printed in the Classification but which correspond exactly in wording, hierarchical position and subgroup numbering to the relevant subgroups of group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31B 1/00 may be used when classifying. For example, a machinery specifically for folding sheets around mandrels could be classified either in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31B 9/26 (which is printed) or in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31B 9/28 (which is not printed).

|  | B31B |
Subclass index
MAKING IN GENERAL | 1/00, 47/00, 49/00
MAKING BOXES OR CARTONS |
Characterised by the method of making |
by folding a single piece | 3/00, 5/00
by assembling pieces | 13/00, 17/00
by other shaping under pressure | 43/00
Characterised by the kind of articles |
lined or reinforced articles | 7/00, 9/00, 15/00
other specified articles | 11/00, 13/00, 45/00
MAKING ENVELOPES OR BAGS |
Characterised by the method of making |
from sheets | 21/00, 31/00 - 35/00
from webs | 23/00, 37/00
by other shaping under pressure | 43/00
Characterised by the kind of articles |
flat rectangular articles | 19/00 - 23/00
articles with bases provided for thickness | 29/00 - 37/00
other specified articles | 25/00, 27/00, 39/00, 41/00, 45/00

|  | B31C |
MAKING WOUND ARTICLES, e.g. WOUND TUBES (characteristics relating to the working of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B29; shaping of plastics or substances in a plastic state Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B29C)

|  | B31C |
Note(s) In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "winding" means forming two or more complete convolutions.

|  | B31C |
Subclass index
MAKING WOUND ARTICLES CHARACTERISED BY THE METHOD USED |
Winding around mandrels | 1/00, 3/00
Winding without mandrels | 5/00
Winding separate webs | 9/00
MAKING WOUND ARTICLES CHARACTERISED BY THE SHAPE OF THE ARTICLES PRODUCED |
Tubes | 1/00, 3/00, 5/00
Cones | 7/00
Other shapes | 9/00, 13/00
AFTER-TREATMENTS, COMBINED MACHINERY | 11/00

|  | B31D |
MAKING OTHER PAPER ARTICLES (manufacture by dry processes of articles made from particles or fibres consisting of wood or other lignocellulosic or like organic material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27N; making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B; making cardboard or paper Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21F, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21H, making articles from wood pulp Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21J)

|  | B31D |
Note(s) This subclass covers the making, otherwise than by winding, of articles other than boxes, cartons, envelopes, bags, and tubes from paper, other than from paper pulp.

|  | B31F |
MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD (cutting, trimming, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26; incising, scoring, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26D 3/08; making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B; multi-ply material of paper or cardboard, its manufacture Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21H)