|  | H |
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY

|  | H |
Note(s) These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H. Section H covers: basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere); generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear; applied electricity, which covers: general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits; some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including: electric light sources, including lasers; electric X-ray technique; electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons; basic electronic circuits and their control; radio or electric communication technique; the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 57 to 59 of the Guide should be referred to. In this section, the following general rules apply: Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question; The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include: the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61; the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01 and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03 and in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B; the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23Q; the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself; All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a), above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself. In this section, the following special cases occur: Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H or class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B which cover the same technical subjects; In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B; In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21; As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

|  | H01 |
BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS

|  | H01 |
Note(s) Processes involving only a single technical art, e.g. drying, coating, for which provision exists elsewhere are classified in the relevant class for that art.

|  | H01J |
ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS (spark-gaps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T; arc lamps with consumable electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B; particle accelerators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H)

|  | H01J |
Note(s) This subclass covers only devices for producing, influencing, or using a flow of electrons or ions, e.g. for controlling, indicating, or switching of electric current, counting electric pulses, producing light or other electromagnetic oscillations, such as X-rays, or for separating or analysing radiation or particles, and having a closed or substantially closed casing containing a chosen gas, vapour, or vacuum, upon the pressure and nature of which the characteristics of the device depend. Light sources using a combination (other than covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/96 of this subclass) of discharge and other kinds of light generation are covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B 35/00. In this subclass, groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/00-H01J 7/00 relate only to: details of an unspecified kind of discharge tube or lamp, or details mentioned in a specification as applicable to two or more kinds of tubes or lamps as defined by groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 11/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 15/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 21/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 27/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 33/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 35/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 40/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 41/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 47/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 63/00 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 65/00, hereinafter called basic kinds. A detail only described with reference to, or clearly only applicable to, tubes or lamps of a single basic kind is classified in the detail group appropriate to tubes or lamps of that basic kind, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 17/04. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "lamp" includes tubes emitting ultra-violet or infra-red light. Attention is drawn to the definition of the expression "spark gaps" given in the Note following the title of subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T. [4] Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof are classified in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 9/00.

|  | H01J |
Subclass index
GAS-FILLED TUBES |
Without electrode inside; liquid cathode; gaseous cathode; solid cathode | 11/00; 13/00; 15/00; 17/00
VACUUM TUBES |
Classical tubes: tubes; details | 21/00; 19/00
Transit-time tubes: tubes; details | 25/00; 23/00
Ion beam tubes | 27/00
Cathode ray tubes: tubes; details | 31/00; 29/00
X-ray tubes | 35/00
TUBES FOR PROCESSING OR EXAMINATION OF MATERIALS OR OBJECTS | 37/00
SPECIAL TUBES |
For emergence of electrons or ions; particle spectrometers or separator tubes | 33/00; 49/00
Vacuum gauges, evacuation by ion diffusion; secondary-emission tubes, electron multipliers; thermionic generators | 41/00; 43/00; 45/00
Photoelectric; radiation and particle detectors | 40/00; 47/00
DISCHARGE LAMPS |
Gas discharge lamps; cathode ray or electron stream lamps; without electrode inside | 61/00; 63/00; 65/00
DETAILS |
Electrodes; electron optics; vessels; other details | 1/00; 3/00; 5/00; 7/00
MANUFACTURE; REPAIR; REGENERATION; RECOVERY OF MATERIAL | 9/00

|  | H01J 1/00 |
Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps (details of electron-optical arrangements or of ion traps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/00)

|  | H01J 1/02 |
· | Main electrodes

|  | H01J 1/04 |
· · | Liquid electrodes, e.g. liquid cathode

|  | H01J 1/05 |
· · · | characterised by material

|  | H01J 1/06 |
· · · | Containers for liquid-pool electrodes; Arrangement or mounting thereof

|  | H01J 1/08 |
· · · | Positioning or moving the cathode spot on the surface of a liquid-pool cathode

|  | H01J 1/10 |
· · · | Cooling, heating, circulating, filtering, or controlling level of liquid in a liquid-pool electrode

|  | H01J 1/12 |
· · | Cathodes having mercury or liquid alkali metal deposited on the cathode surface during operation of the tube

|  | H01J 1/13 |
· · | Solid thermionic cathodes

|  | H01J 1/14 |
· · · | characterised by the material

|  | H01J 1/142 |
· · · · | with alkaline-earth metal oxides, or such oxides used in conjunction with reducing agents, as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 1/144 |
· · · · | with other metal oxides as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 1/146 |
· · · · | with metals or alloys as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 1/148 |
· · · · | with compounds having metallic conductive properties, e.g. lanthanum boride, as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 1/15 |
· · · | Cathodes heated directly by an electric current

|  | H01J 1/16 |
· · · · | characterised by the shape

|  | H01J 1/18 |
· · · · | Supports; Vibration-damping arrangements

|  | H01J 1/20 |
· · · | Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment

|  | H01J 1/22 |
· · · · | Heaters (filaments for incandescent lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01K 1/02)

|  | H01J 1/24 |
· · · · | Insulating layer or body located between heater and emissive material

|  | H01J 1/26 |
· · · · | Supports for the emissive material

|  | H01J 1/28 |
· · · · | Dispenser-type cathodes, e.g. L-cathode

|  | H01J 1/30 |
· · | Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode

|  | H01J 1/32 |
· · | Secondary-electron-emitting electrodes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/35 takes precedence; luminescent screens Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/62; charge-storage screens in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/78; charge-storage screens using secondary emission for image tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/41; dynodes for secondary-emission tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 43/10; secondary-emission detectors for measurement of nuclear or X-radiation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01T 1/28)

|  | H01J 1/34 |
· · | Photo-emissive cathodes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/35 takes precedence; photoelectric screens Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/78)

|  | H01J 1/35 |
· · | Electrodes exhibiting both secondary emission and photo-emission

|  | H01J 1/36 |
· · | Solid anodes; Solid auxiliary anodes for maintaining a discharge

|  | H01J 1/38 |
· · · | characterised by the material

|  | H01J 1/40 |
· · · | forming part of the envelope of the tube or lamp

|  | H01J 1/42 |
· · · | Cooling of anodes (cooling rotary anodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/44); Heating of anodes

|  | H01J 1/44 |
· · · | Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes

|  | H01J 1/46 |
· | Control electrodes, e.g. grid (for igniting arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 7/30); Auxiliary electrodes (auxiliary anodes for maintaining a discharge Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/36)

|  | H01J 1/48 |
· · | characterised by the material

|  | H01J 1/50 |
· | Magnetic means for controlling the discharge

|  | H01J 1/52 |
· | Screens for shielding (screens acting as control electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/46); Guides for influencing the discharge; Masks interposed in the electron stream

|  | H01J 1/53 |
· | Electrodes intimately associated with a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted, or stored

|  | H01J 1/54 |
· | Screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted, or stored; Luminescent coatings on vessels

|  | H01J 1/56 |
· · | acting as light valves by shutter operation, e.g. for eidophor

|  | H01J 1/58 |
· · | acting by discolouration, e.g. halide screen

|  | H01J 1/60 |
· · | Incandescent screens

|  | H01J 1/62 |
· · | Luminescent screens; Selection of materials for luminescent coatings on vessels

|  | H01J 1/63 |
· · · | characterised by the luminescent material (luminescent materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 11/00)

|  | H01J 1/64 |
· · · | characterised by the binder or adhesive for securing the luminescent material to its support

|  | H01J 1/66 |
· · · | Supports for luminescent material (vessels Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/02)

|  | H01J 1/68 |
· · · | with superimposed luminescent layers

|  | H01J 1/70 |
· · · | with protective, conductive, or reflective layers

|  | H01J 1/72 |
· · · | with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots or lines

|  | H01J 1/74 |
· · · · | with adjacent dots or lines of different luminescent material

|  | H01J 1/76 |
· · · | provided with permanent marks or references

|  | H01J 1/78 |
· · | Photoelectric screens; Charge-storage screens

|  | H01J 1/88 |
· | Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies

|  | H01J 1/90 |
· · | Insulation between electrodes or supports within the vacuum space (leading-in conductors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/46)

|  | H01J 1/92 |
· · | Mountings for the electrode assembly as a whole

|  | H01J 1/94 |
· · | Mountings for individual electrodes (for directly-heated cathodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/15)

|  | H01J 1/96 |
· · | Spacing members extending to the envelope

|  | H01J 1/98 |
· · · | without fixed connection between spacing member and envelope

|  | H01J 3/00 |
Details of electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements or of ion traps common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps

|  | H01J 3/02 |
· | Electron guns

|  | H01J 3/04 |
· | Ion guns

|  | H01J 3/06 |
· | two or more guns being arranged in a single vacuum space, e.g. for plural-ray tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/07 takes precedence) [2]

|  | H01J 3/07 |
· | Arrangements for controlling convergence of a plurality of beams [2]

|  | H01J 3/08 |
· | Arrangements for controlling intensity of ray or beam (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/04 take precedence)

|  | H01J 3/10 |
· | Arrangements for centering ray or beam (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/04 take precedence)

|  | H01J 3/12 |
· | Arrangements for controlling cross-section of ray or beam; Arrangements for correcting aberration of beam, e.g. due to lenses (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/04 take precedence)

|  | H01J 3/14 |
· | Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 3/04 take precedence)

|  | H01J 3/16 |
· · | Mirrors

|  | H01J 3/18 |
· · | Electrostatic lenses

|  | H01J 3/20 |
· · | Magnetic lenses

|  | H01J 3/22 |
· · · | using electromagnetic means only

|  | H01J 3/24 |
· · · | using permanent magnets only

|  | H01J 3/26 |
· | Arrangements for deflecting ray or beam (circuit arrangements for producing sawtooth pulses or other deflecting voltages or currents Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03K)

|  | H01J 3/28 |
· · | along one straight line or along two perpendicular straight lines

|  | H01J 3/30 |
· · · | by electric fields only

|  | H01J 3/32 |
· · · | by magnetic fields only

|  | H01J 3/34 |
· · | along a circle, spiral, or rotating radial line

|  | H01J 3/36 |
· | Arrangements for controlling the ray or beam after passing the main deflection system, e.g. for post-acceleration or post-concentration

|  | H01J 3/38 |
· | Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements

|  | H01J 3/40 |
· | Traps for removing or diverting unwanted particles, e.g. negative ions, fringing electrons; Arrangements for velocity or mass selection

|  | H01J 5/00 |
Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps

|  | H01J 5/02 |
· | Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith; Vacuum locks

|  | H01J 5/03 |
· · | Arrangements for preventing or mitigating effects of implosion of vessels or containers [2]

|  | H01J 5/04 |
· · | Vessels or containers characterised by the material thereof (selection of the material of the coating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/08)

|  | H01J 5/06 |
· · | Vessels or containers specially adapted for operation at high tension, e.g. by improved potential distribution over surface of vessel

|  | H01J 5/08 |
· · | provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings (luminescent coatings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/62)

|  | H01J 5/10 |
· · · | on internal surfaces

|  | H01J 5/12 |
· · | Double-wall vessels or containers

|  | H01J 5/14 |
· · | Dismountable vessels or containers, e.g. for replacing cathode heater

|  | H01J 5/16 |
· · | Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined with the vessel (luminescent coatings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/62)

|  | H01J 5/18 |
· · | Windows permeable to X-rays, gamma-rays, or particles

|  | H01J 5/20 |
· | Seals between parts of vessels

|  | H01J 5/22 |
· · | Vacuum-tight joints between parts of vessel

|  | H01J 5/24 |
· · · | between insulating parts of vessel

|  | H01J 5/26 |
· · · | between insulating and conductive parts of vessel

|  | H01J 5/28 |
· · · | between conductive parts of vessel

|  | H01J 5/30 |
· · · | using packing material, e.g. sealing liquid or elastic insert

|  | H01J 5/32 |
· | Seals for leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 5/34 |
· · | for an individual conductor (pinched-stem seals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/38; end-disc seals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/40; annular seals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/44)

|  | H01J 5/36 |
· · · | using intermediate part

|  | H01J 5/38 |
· · | Pinched-stem or analogous seals

|  | H01J 5/40 |
· · | End-disc seals, e.g. flat header

|  | H01J 5/42 |
· · · | using intermediate part

|  | H01J 5/44 |
· · | Annular seals disposed between the ends of the vessel

|  | H01J 5/46 |
· | Leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 5/48 |
· | Means forming part of the tube or lamp for the purpose of supporting it (asociated with electrical connecting means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 5/50)

|  | H01J 5/50 |
· | Means forming part of the tube or lamp for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it (electric coupling devices comprising a holder adapted for supporting a tube or lamp and not forming part of the tube or lamp Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01R 33/00)

|  | H01J 5/52 |
· · | directly applied to, or forming part of, the vessel

|  | H01J 5/54 |
· · | supported by a separate part, e.g. base

|  | H01J 5/56 |
· · · | Shape of the separate part

|  | H01J 5/58 |
· · · | Means for fastening the separate part to the vessel, e.g. by cement

|  | H01J 5/60 |
· · · · | for fastening by mechanical means

|  | H01J 5/62 |
· · · | Connection of wires protruding from the vessel to connectors carried by the separate part

|  | H01J 7/00 |
Details not provided for in the preceding groups and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps

|  | H01J 7/02 |
· | Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature (radioactive fillings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 7/40)

|  | H01J 7/04 |
· · | having one or more carbon compounds as the principal constituent

|  | H01J 7/06 |
· · | having helium, argon, neon, krypton, or xenon as the principal constituent

|  | H01J 7/08 |
· · | having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent

|  | H01J 7/10 |
· · · | mercury vapour

|  | H01J 7/12 |
· · · | vapour of an alkali metal

|  | H01J 7/14 |
· | Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel

|  | H01J 7/16 |
· · | Means for permitting pumping during operation of the tube or lamp

|  | H01J 7/18 |
· · | Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering

|  | H01J 7/20 |
· · | Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the tube or lamp

|  | H01J 7/22 |
· · | Tubulations therefor, e.g. for exhausting; Closures therefor

|  | H01J 7/24 |
· | Cooling arrangements (for main electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/02); Heating arrangements (for main electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/02); Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space

|  | H01J 7/26 |
· · | by flow of fluid through passages associated with tube or lamp

|  | H01J 7/28 |
· · | by latent heat or evaporation of cooling liquid

|  | H01J 7/30 |
· | Igniting arrangements (circuit arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02M 1/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | H01J 7/32 |
· · | having resistive or capacitative igniter

|  | H01J 7/34 |
· · · | having resistive igniter only

|  | H01J 7/36 |
· · | Igniting by movement of a solid electrode

|  | H01J 7/38 |
· · | Igniting by movement of vessel as a whole, e.g. tilting

|  | H01J 7/40 |
· · | Igniting by associated radioactive materials or fillings

|  | H01J 7/42 |
· | Means structurally associated with the tube or lamp for indicating defects or previous use

|  | H01J 7/44 |
· | One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube or lamp

|  | H01J 7/46 |
· · | Structurally associated resonator having distributed inductance and capacitance

|  | H01J 9/00 |
Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof (manufacture of vessels or containers from metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 51/00, from glass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03B)

|  | H01J 9/02 |
· | Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems

|  | H01J 9/04 |
· · | of thermionic cathodes

|  | H01J 9/06 |
· · · | Machines therefor

|  | H01J 9/08 |
· · | Manufacture of heaters for indirectly-heated cathodes

|  | H01J 9/10 |
· · · | Machines therefor

|  | H01J 9/12 |
· · | of photo-emissive cathodes; of secondaryemission electrodes

|  | H01J 9/14 |
· · | of non-emitting electrodes

|  | H01J 9/16 |
· · · | Machines for making wire grids

|  | H01J 9/18 |
· · | Assembling together the component parts of electrode systems

|  | H01J 9/20 |
· | Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted or stored; Applying coatings to the vessel

|  | H01J 9/22 |
· · | Applying luminescent coatings

|  | H01J 9/227 |
· · · | with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots or lines [2]

|  | H01J 9/233 |
· · | Manufacture of photoelectric screens or charge-storage screens [2]

|  | H01J 9/236 |
· | Manufacture of magnetic deflecting devices for cathode-ray tubes (manufacturing coils for transformers, inductances, reactors or choke coils Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01F 41/04) [3]

|  | H01J 9/24 |
· | Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors, or bases

|  | H01J 9/26 |
· · | Sealing together parts of vessels

|  | H01J 9/28 |
· · | Manufacture of leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 9/30 |
· · | Manufacture of bases

|  | H01J 9/32 |
· · | Sealing leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 9/34 |
· · | Joining base to vessel

|  | H01J 9/36 |
· · | Joining connectors to internal electrode system

|  | H01J 9/38 |
· | Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels

|  | H01J 9/385 |
· · | Exhausting vessels [2]

|  | H01J 9/39 |
· · | Degassing vessels [2]

|  | H01J 9/395 |
· · | Filling vessels [2]

|  | H01J 9/40 |
· | Closing vessels

|  | H01J 9/42 |
· | Measurement or testing during manufacture

|  | H01J 9/44 |
· | Factory adjustment of completed discharge tubes or lamps to comply with desired tolerances

|  | H01J 9/46 |
· | Machines having sequentially-arranged operating stations

|  | H01J 9/48 |
· · | with automatic transfer of workpieces between operating stations

|  | H01J 9/50 |
· | Repairing or regenerating used or defective discharge tubes or lamps

|  | H01J 11/00 |
Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel (lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 65/00)

|  | H01J 11/02 |
· | Details, e.g. gas filling, shape of vessel

|  | H01J 11/04 |
· · | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 13/00 |
Discharge tubes with liquid-pool cathodes, e.g. metal-vapour rectifying tubes (lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/00)

|  | H01J 13/02 |
· | Details

|  | H01J 13/04 |
· · | Main electrodes; Auxiliary anodes

|  | H01J 13/06 |
· · · | Chathodes

|  | H01J 13/08 |
· · · · | characterised by the material

|  | H01J 13/10 |
· · · · | Containers for the liquid pool; Arrangement or mounting thereof

|  | H01J 13/12 |
· · · · | Positioning or moving the cathode spot on the surface of the pool

|  | H01J 13/14 |
· · · · | Cooling, heating, circulating, filtering, or controlling level of the liquid

|  | H01J 13/16 |
· · · | Anodes; Auxiliary anodes for maintaining the discharge (screens Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 13/22)

|  | H01J 13/18 |
· · · · | Cooling or heating of anodes

|  | H01J 13/20 |
· · | Control electrodes, e.g. grid (for igniting arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 13/34)

|  | H01J 13/22 |
· · | Screens, e.g. for preventing or eliminating arcing-back

|  | H01J 13/24 |
· · | Vessels; Containers

|  | H01J 13/26 |
· · | Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 13/28 |
· · | Selection of substances for gas filling; Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the tube [2]

|  | H01J 13/30 |
· · · | Means for permitting pumping during operation of the tube

|  | H01J 13/32 |
· · | Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements (for cathodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 13/14; for anodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 13/18)

|  | H01J 13/34 |
· · | Igniting arrangements (circuit arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02M 1/02)

|  | H01J 13/36 |
· · · | having resistive or capacitative igniter

|  | H01J 13/38 |
· · · · | having resistive igniter only

|  | H01J 13/40 |
· · · | Igniting by movement of a solid electrode

|  | H01J 13/42 |
· · · | Igniting by movement of vessel as a whole, e.g. tilting

|  | H01J 13/44 |
· · | Devices for preventing or eliminating arcing-back (screens therefor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 13/22)

|  | H01J 13/46 |
· · | One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube

|  | H01J 13/48 |
· · | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 13/50 |
· | Tubes having a single main anode

|  | H01J 13/52 |
· · | with control by one or more intermediate control electrodes

|  | H01J 13/54 |
· · | with control by igniter, e.g. single-anode ignitron

|  | H01J 13/56 |
· | Tubes having two or more main anodes

|  | H01J 13/58 |
· · | with control by one or more intermediate control electrodes

|  | H01J 15/00 |
Gas-filled discharge tubes with gaseous cathodes, e.g. plasma cathode (lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/62)

|  | H01J 15/02 |
· | Details, e.g. electrode, gas filling, shape of vessel

|  | H01J 15/04 |
· · | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 17/00 |
Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 27/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/00-H01J 41/00 take precedence; gas or vapour discharge lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/00; gas filled spark gaps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T; Marx converters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02M 7/26; tubes for generating potential differences by charges carried in a gas stream Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02N)

|  | H01J 17/02 |
· | Details

|  | H01J 17/04 |
· · | Electrodes; Screens

|  | H01J 17/06 |
· · · | Cathodes

|  | H01J 17/08 |
· · · · | having mercury or liquid alkali metal deposited on the cathode surface during operation of the tube

|  | H01J 17/10 |
· · · | Anodes

|  | H01J 17/12 |
· · · | Control electrodes

|  | H01J 17/14 |
· · | Magnetic means for controlling the discharge

|  | H01J 17/16 |
· · | Vessels; Containers

|  | H01J 17/18 |
· · | Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 17/20 |
· · | Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature (radioactive fillings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 17/32)

|  | H01J 17/22 |
· · | Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the tube

|  | H01J 17/24 |
· · · | Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering

|  | H01J 17/26 |
· · · | Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the tube

|  | H01J 17/28 |
· · | Cooling arrangements

|  | H01J 17/30 |
· · | Igniting arrangements

|  | H01J 17/32 |
· · · | Igniting by associated radioactive materials or fillings

|  | H01J 17/34 |
· · | One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube

|  | H01J 17/36 |
· · | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 17/38 |
· | Cold-cathode tubes (TR boxes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 17/64)

|  | H01J 17/40 |
· · | with one cathode and one anode, e.g. glow tube, tuning-indicator glow tube, voltage-stabiliser tube, voltage-indicator tube (cathode-glow lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/64)

|  | H01J 17/42 |
· · · | having one or more probe electrodes, e.g. for potential dividing

|  | H01J 17/44 |
· · · | having one or more control electrodes

|  | H01J 17/46 |
· · · · | for preventing and then permitting ignition, but thereafter having no control

|  | H01J 17/48 |
· · | with more than one cathode or anode, e.g. sequence-discharge tube, counting tube, dekatron

|  | H01J 17/49 |
· · · | Display panels, e.g. with crossed electrodes (gas-discharge-type indicating arrangements effected by the combination of a number of individual lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09F 9/313) [3]

|  | H01J 17/50 |
· | Thermionic-cathode tubes (TR boxes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 17/64)

|  | H01J 17/52 |
· · | with one cathode and one anode

|  | H01J 17/54 |
· · · | having one or more control electrodes

|  | H01J 17/56 |
· · · · | for preventing and then permitting ignition, but thereafter having no control

|  | H01J 17/58 |
· · | with more than one cathode or anode

|  | H01J 17/60 |
· · · | the discharge paths priming each other in a predetermined sequence, e.g. counting tube

|  | H01J 17/62 |
· · · | with independent discharge paths controlled by intermediate electrodes, e.g. polyphase rectifier

|  | H01J 17/64 |
· | Tubes specially designed for switching or modulating in a waveguide, e.g. TR box

|  | H01J 19/00 |
Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 21/00

|  | H01J 19/02 |
· | Electron-emitting electrodes; Cathodes

|  | H01J 19/04 |
· · | Thermionic cathodes

|  | H01J 19/06 |
· · · | characterised by the material

|  | H01J 19/062 |
· · · · | with alkaline-earth metal oxides, or such oxides used in conjunction with reducing agents, as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 19/064 |
· · · · | with other metal oxides as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 19/066 |
· · · · | with metals or alloys as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 19/068 |
· · · · | with compounds having metallic conductive properties, e.g. lanthanum boride, as an emissive material [6]

|  | H01J 19/08 |
· · · | Cathodes heated directly by an electric current

|  | H01J 19/10 |
· · · | characterised by the shape

|  | H01J 19/12 |
· · · · | Supports; Vibration-damping arrangements

|  | H01J 19/14 |
· · · | Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment

|  | H01J 19/16 |
· · · · | Heaters (filaments for incandescent lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01K 1/02)

|  | H01J 19/18 |
· · · · | Insulating layer or body located between heater and emissive material

|  | H01J 19/20 |
· · · · | Supports for the emissive material

|  | H01J 19/22 |
· · · · | Dispenser-type cathodes, e.g. L-cathode

|  | H01J 19/24 |
· · | Cold cathodes, e.g. field-emissive cathode

|  | H01J 19/28 |
· | Non-electron-emitting electrodes; Screens

|  | H01J 19/30 |
· · | characterised by the material

|  | H01J 19/32 |
· · | Anodes

|  | H01J 19/34 |
· · · | forming part of the envelope

|  | H01J 19/36 |
· · · | Cooling of anodes

|  | H01J 19/38 |
· · | Control electrodes, e.g. grid

|  | H01J 19/40 |
· · | Screens for shielding (screens acting as control electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 19/38)

|  | H01J 19/42 |
· | Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating of electrodes or of electrode assemblies

|  | H01J 19/44 |
· · | Insulation between electrodes or supports within the vacuum space (leading-in conductors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 19/62)

|  | H01J 19/46 |
· · | Mountings for the electrode assembly as a whole

|  | H01J 19/48 |
· · | Mountings for individual electrodes (for directly-heated cathodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 19/12)

|  | H01J 19/50 |
· · | Spacing members extending to the envelope

|  | H01J 19/52 |
· · · | without fixed connection between spacing member and envelope

|  | H01J 19/54 |
· | Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith

|  | H01J 19/56 |
· · | characterised by the material of the vessel or container

|  | H01J 19/57 |
· · | provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings

|  | H01J 19/58 |
· | Seals between parts of vessels

|  | H01J 19/60 |
· | Seals for leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 19/62 |
· | Leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 19/64 |
· | Means forming part of the tube for the purpose of supporting it (associated with electrical connecting means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 19/66)

|  | H01J 19/66 |
· | Means forming part of the tube for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it (construction of connectors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01R)

|  | H01J 19/68 |
· | Specified gas introduced into the tube at low pressure, e.g. for reducing or influencing space charge

|  | H01J 19/70 |
· | Means for obtaining or maintaining the vacuum, e.g. by gettering

|  | H01J 19/72 |
· · | Tubulations therefor, e.g. for exhausting; Closures therefor

|  | H01J 19/74 |
· | Cooling arrangements (cooling of anodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 19/36)

|  | H01J 19/76 |
· | Means structurally associated with the tube for indicating defects or previous use

|  | H01J 19/78 |
· | One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube

|  | H01J 19/80 |
· · | Structurally associated resonator having distributed inductance and capacitance

|  | H01J 19/82 |
· | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 21/00 |
Vacuum tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/00-H01J 40/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 43/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 47/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/00 take precedence; details of vacuum tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 19/00; cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 63/00)

|  | H01J 21/02 |
· | Tubes with a single discharge path

|  | H01J 21/04 |
· · | without control means, i.e. diodes

|  | H01J 21/06 |
· · | having electrostatic control means only

|  | H01J 21/08 |
· · · | with movable electrode or electrodes

|  | H01J 21/10 |
· · · | with one or more immovable internal control electrodes, e.g. triode, pentode, octode

|  | H01J 21/12 |
· · · · | Tubes with variable amplification factor

|  | H01J 21/14 |
· · · · | Tubes with means for concentrating the electron stream, e.g. beam tetrode

|  | H01J 21/16 |
· · · | with external electrostatic control means and with or without internal control electrodes

|  | H01J 21/18 |
· · | having magnetic control means; having both magnetic and electrostatic control means

|  | H01J 21/20 |
· | Tubes with more than one discharge path; Multiple tubes, e.g. double diode, triode-hexode (secondary-emission tubes, electron-multiplier tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 43/00)

|  | H01J 21/22 |
· · | with movable electrode or electrodes

|  | H01J 21/24 |
· · | with variable amplification factor

|  | H01J 21/26 |
· · | with means for concentrating the electron stream

|  | H01J 21/34 |
· | Tubes with electrode system arranged or dimensioned so as to eliminate transit-time effect (with flat electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 21/36)

|  | H01J 21/36 |
· | Tubes with flat electrodes, e.g. disc electrode

|  | H01J 23/00 |
Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/00

|  | H01J 23/02 |
· | Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens (associated with resonator or delay system Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/16)

|  | H01J 23/027 |
· · | Collectors [2]

|  | H01J 23/033 |
· · · | Collector cooling devices [2]

|  | H01J 23/04 |
· · | Cathodes

|  | H01J 23/05 |
· · · | having a cylindrical emissive surface, e.g. cathodes for magnetrons [3]

|  | H01J 23/06 |
· · | Electron or ion guns

|  | H01J 23/065 |
· · · | producing a solid cylindrical beam (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/075 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 23/07 |
· · · | producing a hollow cylindrical beam (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/075 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 23/075 |
· · · | Magnetron injection guns [3]

|  | H01J 23/08 |
· · | Focusing arrangements, e.g. for concentrating stream of electrons, for preventing spreading of stream

|  | H01J 23/083 |
· · · | Electrostatic focusing arrangements [3]

|  | H01J 23/087 |
· · · | Magnetic focusing arrangements [3]

|  | H01J 23/09 |
· · | Electric systems for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path, e.g. E-type (focusing arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/08)

|  | H01J 23/10 |
· · | Magnet systems for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path, e.g. a spiral path (magnetic focusing arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/08)

|  | H01J 23/11 |
· · | Means for reducing noise (in electron or ion gun Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/06)

|  | H01J 23/12 |
· | Vessels; Containers

|  | H01J 23/14 |
· | Leading-in arrangements; Seals therefor

|  | H01J 23/15 |
· · | Means for preventing wave energy leakage structurally associated with tube leading-in arrangements, e.g. filters, chokes, attenuating devices [4]

|  | H01J 23/16 |
· | Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge (circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P)

|  | H01J 23/18 |
· · | Resonators

|  | H01J 23/20 |
· · · | Cavity resonators; Adjustment or tuning thereof

|  | H01J 23/207 |
· · · · | Tuning of single resonator [2]

|  | H01J 23/213 |
· · · · | Simultaneous tuning of more than one resonator, e.g. resonant cavities of a magnetron [2]

|  | H01J 23/22 |
· · · | Connections between resonators, e.g. strapping for connecting resonators of a magnetron

|  | H01J 23/24 |
· · | Slow-wave structures

|  | H01J 23/26 |
· · · | Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor

|  | H01J 23/27 |
· · · · | Helix-derived slow-wave structures [3]

|  | H01J 23/28 |
· · · | Interdigital slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor

|  | H01J 23/30 |
· · · | Damping arrangements associated with slow-wave structures, e.g. for suppression of unwanted oscillations

|  | H01J 23/34 |
· | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 23/36 |
· | Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy [4]

|  | H01J 23/38 |
· · | to or from the discharge [4]

|  | H01J 23/40 |
· · | to or from the interaction circuit [4]

|  | H01J 23/42 |
· · · | the interaction circuit being a helix or a helix-derived slow-wave structure (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/44-H01J 23/48 take precedence) [4]

|  | H01J 23/44 |
· · · | Rod-type coupling devices (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/46, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/48, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/54 take precedence) [4]

|  | H01J 23/46 |
· · · | Loop coupling devices [4]

|  | H01J 23/48 |
· · · | for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/46 takes precedence) [4]

|  | H01J 23/50 |
· · · · | the interaction circuit being a helix or derived from a helix (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/52 takes precedence) [4]

|  | H01J 23/52 |
· · · · | the coupled helices being disposed coaxially around one another [4]

|  | H01J 23/54 |
· · | Filtering devices preventing unwanted frequencies or modes to be coupled to, or out of, the interaction circuit; Prevention of high frequency leakage in the environment [4]

|  | H01J 25/00 |
Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons (details of transit-time tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/00; particle accelerators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H)

|  | H01J 25/02 |
· | Tubes with electron stream modulated in velocity or density in a modulator zone and thereafter giving-up energy in an inducing zone, the zones being associated with one or more resonators (tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/34)

|  | H01J 25/04 |
· · | Tubes having one or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly density modulation, e.g. Haeff tube

|  | H01J 25/06 |
· · | Tubes having only one resonator, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the modulation produced in the modulator zone is mainly velocity modulation, e.g. Lüdi klystron

|  | H01J 25/08 |
· · · | with electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonator

|  | H01J 25/10 |
· · | Klystrons, i.e. tubes having two or more resonators, without reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the zone of the input resonator

|  | H01J 25/11 |
· · · | Extended interaction klystrons [2]

|  | H01J 25/12 |
· · · | with pencil-like electron stream in the axis of the resonators

|  | H01J 25/14 |
· · · | with tube-like electron stream coaxial with the axis of the resonators

|  | H01J 25/16 |
· · · | with pencil-like electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonators

|  | H01J 25/18 |
· · · | with radial or disc-like electron stream perpendicular to the axis of the resonators

|  | H01J 25/20 |
· · · | having special arrangements in the space between resonators, e.g. resistive-wall amplifier tube, space-charge amplifier tube, velocity-jump tube

|  | H01J 25/22 |
· · | Reflex klystrons, i.e. tubes having one or more resonators, with a single reflection of the electron stream, and in which the stream is modulated mainly by velocity in the modulator zone

|  | H01J 25/24 |
· · · | in which the electron stream is in the axis of the resonator or resonators and is pencil-like before reflection

|  | H01J 25/26 |
· · · | in which the electron stream is coaxial with the axis of the resonator or resonators and is tube-like before reflection

|  | H01J 25/28 |
· · · | in which the electron stream is perpendicular to the axis of the resonator or resonators and is pencil-like before reflection

|  | H01J 25/30 |
· · · | in which the electron stream is perpendicular to the axis of the resonator or resonators and is radial or disc-like before reflection

|  | H01J 25/32 |
· · | Tubes with plural reflection, e.g. Coeterier tube

|  | H01J 25/34 |
· | Travelling-wave tubes; Tubes in which a travelling wave is simulated at spaced gaps

|  | H01J 25/36 |
· · | Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and without magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field

|  | H01J 25/38 |
· · · | the forward-travelling wave being utilised

|  | H01J 25/40 |
· · · | the backward-travelling wave being utilised

|  | H01J 25/42 |
· · | Tubes in which an electron stream interacts with a wave travelling along a delay line or equivalent sequence of impedance elements, and with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field (with travelling wave moving completely around the electron space Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/50)

|  | H01J 25/44 |
· · · | the forward-travelling wave being utilised

|  | H01J 25/46 |
· · · | the backward-travelling wave being utilised

|  | H01J 25/48 |
· · | Tubes in which two electron streams of different velocities interact with one another, e.g. electron-wave tube

|  | H01J 25/49 |
· · | Tubes using the parametric principle, e.g. for parametric amplification

|  | H01J 25/50 |
· | Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field (with travelling wave not moving completely around the electron space Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/42; functioning with plural reflection or with reversed cyclotron action Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/62, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/64)

|  | H01J 25/52 |
· · | with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode

|  | H01J 25/54 |
· · · | having only one cavity or other resonator, e.g. neutrode tube (having a composite resonator Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/58)

|  | H01J 25/55 |
· · · · | Coaxial-cavity magnetrons [2]

|  | H01J 25/56 |
· · · · | with interdigital arrangement of anodes, e.g. turbator tube

|  | H01J 25/58 |
· · · | having a number of resonators; having a composite resonator, e.g. a helix

|  | H01J 25/587 |
· · · · | Multi-cavity magnetrons [2]

|  | H01J 25/593 |
· · · · · | Rising-sun magnetrons [2]

|  | H01J 25/60 |
· · | with an electron space having a shape that prevents any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode; Linear magnetrons

|  | H01J 25/61 |
· | Hybrid tubes, i.e. tubes comprising a klystron section and a travelling-wave section [2]

|  | H01J 25/62 |
· | Strophotrons, i.e. tubes with H-field crossing the E-field and functioning with plural reflection

|  | H01J 25/64 |
· | Turbine tubes, i.e. tubes with H-field crossing the E-field and functioning with reversed cyclotron action

|  | H01J 25/66 |
· | Tubes with electron stream crossing itself and thereby interrupting, or interfering with, itself

|  | H01J 25/68 |
· | Tubes specially designed to act as oscillator with positive grid and retarding field, e.g. for Barkhausen-Kurz oscillators (with secondary emission Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/76)

|  | H01J 25/70 |
· · | with resonator having distributed inductance and capacitance, e.g. Pintsch tube

|  | H01J 25/72 |
· · | in which a standing wave or a considerable part thereof is produced along an electrode, e.g. Clavier tube (with resonator having distributed inductance and capacitance Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/70)

|  | H01J 25/74 |
· | Tubes specially designed to act as transit-time diode oscillators, e.g. monotron (with secondary emission Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/76)

|  | H01J 25/76 |
· | Dynamic electron-multiplier tubes, e.g. Farnsworth multiplier tube, multipactor

|  | H01J 25/78 |
· | Tubes with electron stream modulated by deflection in a resonator

|  | H01J 27/00 |
Ion beam tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 33/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/00 take precedence; particle accelerators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H)

|  | H01J 27/02 |
· | Ion sources; Ion guns (arrangements for handling particles, e.g. focusing, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21K 1/00; generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T 23/00; generating plasma Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 1/24) [3]

|  | H01J 27/04 |
· · | using reflex discharge, e.g. Penning ion sources [3]

|  | H01J 27/06 |
· · · | without applied magnetic field [3]

|  | H01J 27/08 |
· · | using arc discharge [3]

|  | H01J 27/10 |
· · · | Duoplasmatrons (for use in particle accelerators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H 7/00) [3]

|  | H01J 27/12 |
· · · · | provided with an expansion cup [3]

|  | H01J 27/14 |
· · · | Other arc discharge ion sources using an applied magnetic field [3]

|  | H01J 27/16 |
· · | using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation [3]

|  | H01J 27/18 |
· · · | with an applied axial magnetic field [3]

|  | H01J 27/20 |
· · | using particle bombardment, e.g. ionisers [3]

|  | H01J 27/22 |
· · · | Metal ion sources [3]

|  | H01J 27/24 |
· · | using photo-ionisation, e.g. using laser beam [3]

|  | H01J 27/26 |
· · | using surface ionisation, e.g. field effect ion sources, thermionic ion sources (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 27/20, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 27/24 take precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 29/00 |
Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/00

|  | H01J 29/02 |
· | Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating thereof

|  | H01J 29/04 |
· · | Cathodes (electron guns Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/48)

|  | H01J 29/06 |
· · | Screens for shielding; Masks interposed in the electron stream

|  | H01J 29/07 |
· · · | Shadow masks for colour-television tubes [2]

|  | H01J 29/08 |
· · | Electrodes intimately associated with a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up converted, or stored, e.g. backing-plate for storage tube, for collecting secondary electrons (arrangements for colour switching Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/80)

|  | H01J 29/10 |
· · | Screens on, or from, which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted, or stored

|  | H01J 29/12 |
· · · | acting as light valves by shutter operation, e.g. for eidophor

|  | H01J 29/14 |
· · · | acting by discolouration, e.g. halide screen

|  | H01J 29/16 |
· · · | Incandescent screens

|  | H01J 29/18 |
· · · | Luminescent screens

|  | H01J 29/20 |
· · · · | characterised by the luminescent material

|  | H01J 29/22 |
· · · · | characterised by the binder or adhesive for securing the luminescent material to its support, e.g. vessel

|  | H01J 29/24 |
· · · · | Supports for luminescent material

|  | H01J 29/26 |
· · · · | with superimposed luminescent layers

|  | H01J 29/28 |
· · · · | with protective, conductive, or reflective layers

|  | H01J 29/30 |
· · · · | with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots or lines

|  | H01J 29/32 |
· · · · · | with adjacent dots or lines of different luminescent material, e.g. for colour television

|  | H01J 29/34 |
· · · · | provided with permanent marks or references

|  | H01J 29/36 |
· · · | Photoelectric screens; Charge-storage screens

|  | H01J 29/38 |
· · · · | not using charge storage, e.g. photo-emissive screen, extended cathode

|  | H01J 29/39 |
· · · · | Charge-storage screens

|  | H01J 29/41 |
· · · · · | using secondary emission, e.g. for supericonoscope

|  | H01J 29/43 |
· · · · · | using photo-emissive mosaic, e.g. for orthicon, for iconoscope

|  | H01J 29/44 |
· · · · · | exhibiting internal electric effects caused by particle radiation, e.g. bombardment-induced conductivity

|  | H01J 29/45 |
· · · · · | exhibiting internal electric effects caused by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. photoconductive screen, photodielectric screen, photovoltaic screen

|  | H01J 29/46 |
· | Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement

|  | H01J 29/48 - H01J 29/68 |
Note(s) Groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/48-H01J 29/51 take precedence over groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/52-H01J 29/68.

|  | H01J 29/48 |
· · | Electron guns

|  | H01J 29/50 |
· · · | two or more guns being arranged in a single vacuum space, e.g. for plural-ray tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/51 takes precedence) [2]

|  | H01J 29/51 |
· · · | Arrangements for controlling convergence of a plurality of beams [2]

|  | H01J 29/52 |
· · | Arrangements for controlling intensity of ray or beam, e.g. for modulation

|  | H01J 29/54 |
· · | Arrangements for centring ray or beam

|  | H01J 29/56 |
· · | Arrangements for controlling cross-section of ray or beam; Arrangements for correcting aberration of beam, e.g. due to lenses

|  | H01J 29/58 |
· · | Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam

|  | H01J 29/60 |
· · · | Mirrors

|  | H01J 29/62 |
· · · | Electrostatic lenses

|  | H01J 29/64 |
· · · | Magnetic lenses

|  | H01J 29/66 |
· · · · | using electromagnetic means only

|  | H01J 29/68 |
· · · · | using permanent magnets only

|  | H01J 29/70 |
· · | Arrangements for deflecting ray or beam (circuit arrangements for producing sawtooth pulses or other deflecting voltages or currents Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03K)

|  | H01J 29/72 |
· · · | along one straight line or along two perpendicular straight lines

|  | H01J 29/74 |
· · · · | Deflecting by electric fields only

|  | H01J 29/76 |
· · · · | Deflecting by magnetic fields only

|  | H01J 29/78 |
· · · | along a circle, spiral, or rotating radial line, e.g. for radar display

|  | H01J 29/80 |
· · | Arrangements for controlling the ray or beam after passing the main deflection system, e.g. for post-acceleration or post-concentration, for colour switching

|  | H01J 29/81 |
· · · | using shadow masks (shadow masks per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/07) [3]

|  | H01J 29/82 |
· · | Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements

|  | H01J 29/84 |
· | Traps for removing or diverting unwanted particles, e.g. negative ions, fringing electrons; Arrangements for velocity or mass selection (particle spectrometer or separator tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/00)

|  | H01J 29/86 |
· | Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks

|  | H01J 29/87 |
· · | Arrangements for preventing or mitigating effects of implosion of vessels or containers [2]

|  | H01J 29/88 |
· · | provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings (luminescent screens Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/18)

|  | H01J 29/89 |
· · | Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined with the vessel

|  | H01J 29/90 |
· | Leading-in arrangements; Seals therefor

|  | H01J 29/92 |
· | Means forming part of the tube for the purpose of providing electrical connection to it (construction of connectors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01R)

|  | H01J 29/94 |
· | Selection of substances for gas fillings; Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the tube, e.g. by gettering

|  | H01J 29/96 |
· | One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube

|  | H01J 29/98 |
· | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 31/00 |
Cathode-ray tubes; Electron-beam tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 33/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 35/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/00 take precedence; details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/00; cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 63/00)

|  | H01J 31/02 |
· | having one or more output electrodes which may be impacted selectively by the ray or beam, and onto, from, or over which the ray or beam may be deflected or de-focused

|  | H01J 31/04 |
· · | with only one or two output electrodes

|  | H01J 31/06 |
· · | with more than two output electrodes, e.g. for multiple switching or counting

|  | H01J 31/08 |
· | having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted, or stored

|  | H01J 31/10 |
· · | Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes

|  | H01J 31/12 |
· · · | with luminescent screen

|  | H01J 31/14 |
· · · · | Magic-eye or analogous tuning indicators

|  | H01J 31/15 |
· · · · | with ray or beam selectively directed to luminescent anode segments [3]

|  | H01J 31/16 |
· · · · | with mask carrying a number of selectively displayable signs, e.g. numeroscope

|  | H01J 31/18 |
· · · · | with image written by a ray or beam on a grid-like charge-accumulating screen, and with a ray or beam passing through, and influenced by, this screen before striking the luminescent screen, e.g. direct-view storage tube

|  | H01J 31/20 |
· · · | for displaying images or patterns in two or more colours

|  | H01J 31/22 |
· · · | for stereoscopic displays

|  | H01J 31/24 |
· · · | with screen acting as light valve by shutter operation, e.g. eidophor

|  | H01J 31/26 |
· · | Image pick-up tubes having an input of visible light and electric output (tubes without defined electron beams and having a light ray scanning a photo-emissive screen Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 40/20)

|  | H01J 31/28 |
· · · | with electron ray scanning the image screen

|  | H01J 31/30 |
· · · · | having regulation of screen potential at anode potential, e.g. iconoscope

|  | H01J 31/32 |
· · · · · | Tubes with image-amplification section, e.g. image-iconoscope, supericonoscope

|  | H01J 31/34 |
· · · · | having regulation of screen potential at cathode potential, e.g. orthicon

|  | H01J 31/36 |
· · · · · | Tubes with image-amplification section, e.g. image-orthicon

|  | H01J 31/38 |
· · · · · | Tubes with photoconductive screen, e.g. vidicon

|  | H01J 31/40 |
· · · · | having grid-like image screen through which the electron ray passes and by which the ray is influenced before striking the output electrode, i.e. having "triode action"

|  | H01J 31/42 |
· · · | with image screen generating a composite electron beam which is deflected as a whole past a stationary probe to simulate a scanning effect, e.g. Farnsworth pick-up tube

|  | H01J 31/44 |
· · · · | Tubes with image-amplification section

|  | H01J 31/46 |
· · · | Tubes in which electrical output represents both intensity and colour of image

|  | H01J 31/48 |
· · · | Tubes with amplification of output effected by electron-multiplier arrangements within the vacuum space

|  | H01J 31/49 |
· · | Pick-up tubes adapted for an input of electromagnetic radiation other than visible light and having an electric output, e.g. for an input of X-rays, for an input of infra-red radiation

|  | H01J 31/495 |
· · | Pick-up tubes adapted for an input of sonic, ultrasonic, or mechanical vibrations and having an electric output

|  | H01J 31/50 |
· · | Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output

|  | H01J 31/52 |
· · · | having grid-like image screen through which the electron ray or beam passes and by which the ray or beam is influenced before striking the luminescent output screen, i.e. having "triode action"

|  | H01J 31/54 |
· · · | in which the electron ray or beam is reflected by the image input screen on to the image output screen

|  | H01J 31/56 |
· · · | for converting or amplifying images in two or more colours

|  | H01J 31/58 |
· · | Tubes for storage of image or information pattern or for conversion of definition of television or like images, i.e. having electrical input and electrical output

|  | H01J 31/60 |
· · · | having means for deflecting, either selectively or sequentially, an electron ray on to separate surface elements of the screen (by circuitry alone Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 29/98)

|  | H01J 31/62 |
· · · · | with separate reading and writing rays

|  | H01J 31/64 |
· · · · · | on opposite sides of screen, e.g. for conversion of definition

|  | H01J 31/66 |
· · · | having means for allowing all but selected cross-section elements of a homogeneous electron beam to reach corresponding elements of the screen, e.g. selectron

|  | H01J 31/68 |
· · · | in which the information pattern represents two or more colours

|  | H01J 33/00 |
Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel (particle accelerators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05H); Lenard tubes

|  | H01J 33/02 |
· | Details

|  | H01J 33/04 |
· · | Windows

|  | H01J 35/00 |
X-ray tubes (X-ray lasers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01S 4/00; X-ray technique in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05G)

|  | H01J 35/02 |
· | Details

|  | H01J 35/04 |
· · | Electrodes

|  | H01J 35/06 |
· · · | Cathodes

|  | H01J 35/08 |
· · · | Anodes; Anticathodes

|  | H01J 35/10 |
· · · · | Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes

|  | H01J 35/12 |
· · · · | Cooling non-rotary anodes

|  | H01J 35/14 |
· · | Arrangements for concentrating, focusing, or directing the cathode ray

|  | H01J 35/16 |
· · | Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith

|  | H01J 35/18 |
· · · | Windows

|  | H01J 35/20 |
· · | Selection of substances for gas fillings; Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the tube, e.g. by gettering

|  | H01J 35/22 |
· | specially designed for passing a very high current for a very short time, e.g. for flash operation

|  | H01J 35/24 |
· | Tubes wherein the point of impact of the cathode ray on the anode or anticathode is movable relative to the surface thereof

|  | H01J 35/26 |
· · | by rotation of the anode or anticathode

|  | H01J 35/28 |
· · | by vibration, oscillation, reciprocation, or swash-plate motion of the anode or anticathode

|  | H01J 35/30 |
· · | by deflection of the cathode ray

|  | H01J 35/32 |
· | Tubes wherein the X-rays are produced at or near the end of the tube or a part thereof, which tube or part has a small cross-section to facilitate introduction into a small hole or cavity

|  | H01J 37/00 |
Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 33/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 40/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 41/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 47/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/00 take precedence; contactless testing of electronic circuits using electron beams Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01R 31/305) [2,5]

|  | H01J 37/02 |
· | Details

|  | H01J 37/04 |
· · | Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement

|  | H01J 37/05 |
· · · | Electron- or ion-optical arrangements for separating electrons or ions according to their energy (particle separator tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/00) [3]

|  | H01J 37/06 |
· · · | Electron sources; Electron guns

|  | H01J 37/063 |
· · · · | Geometrical arrangement of electrodes for beam-forming [3]

|  | H01J 37/065 |
· · · · | Construction of guns or parts thereof (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/067-H01J 37/077 take precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 37/067 |
· · · · | Replacing parts of guns; Mutual adjustment of electrodes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/073-H01J 37/077 take precedence; vacuum locks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/18) [3]

|  | H01J 37/07 |
· · · · | Eliminating deleterious effects due to thermal effects or electric or magnetic fields (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/073-H01J 37/077 take precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 37/073 |
· · · · | Electron guns using field emission, photo emission, or secondary emission electron sources [3]

|  | H01J 37/075 |
· · · · | Electron guns using thermionic emission from cathodes heated by particle bombardment or by irradiation, e.g. by laser [3]

|  | H01J 37/077 |
· · · · | Electron guns using discharge in gases or vapours as electron sources [3]

|  | H01J 37/08 |
· · · | Ion sources; Ion guns

|  | H01J 37/09 |
· · · | Diaphragms; Shields associated with electron- or ion-optical arrangements; Compensation of disturbing fields [3]

|  | H01J 37/10 |
· · · | Lenses

|  | H01J 37/12 |
· · · · | electrostatic

|  | H01J 37/14 |
· · · · | magnetic

|  | H01J 37/141 |
· · · · · | Electromagnetic lenses [3]

|  | H01J 37/143 |
· · · · · | Permanent magnetic lenses [3]

|  | H01J 37/145 |
· · · · | Combinations of electrostatic and magnetic lenses [3]

|  | H01J 37/147 |
· · · | Arrangements for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path (lenses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/10) [2]

|  | H01J 37/15 |
· · · · | External mechanical adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/067, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/20 take precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 37/153 |
· · · | Electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements for the correction of image defects, e.g. stigmators [2]

|  | H01J 37/16 |
· · | Vessels; Containers

|  | H01J 37/18 |
· · | Vacuum locks

|  | H01J 37/20 |
· · | Means for supporting or positioning the object or the material; Means for adjusting diaphragms or lenses associated with the support (preparing specimens for investigation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N 1/28)

|  | H01J 37/21 |
· · | Means for adjusting the focus [2]

|  | H01J 37/22 |
· · | Optical or photographic arrangements associated with the tube

|  | H01J 37/24 |
· · | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 37/244 |
· · | Detectors; Associated components or circuits therefor [3]

|  | H01J 37/248 |
· · | Components associated with high voltage supply (high voltage supply in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02J, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02M) [3]

|  | H01J 37/252 |
· | Tubes for spot-analysing by electron or ion beams; Microanalysers (investigating or analysing thereby Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N 23/22) [3]

|  | H01J 37/256 |
· · | using scanning beams [3]

|  | H01J 37/26 |
· | Electron or ion microscopes; Electron- or ion-diffraction tubes [2]

|  | H01J 37/27 |
· · | Shadow microscopy [3]

|  | H01J 37/28 |
· · | with scanning beams (microanalysers using scanning beams Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/256)

|  | H01J 37/285 |
· · | Emission microscopes, e.g. field-emission microscopes [2]

|  | H01J 37/29 |
· · | Reflection microscopes [2]

|  | H01J 37/295 |
· · | Electron- or ion-diffraction tubes [2]

|  | H01J 37/30 |
· | Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects

|  | H01J 37/301 |
· · | Arrangements enabling beams to pass between regions of different pressure [3]

|  | H01J 37/302 |
· · | Controlling tubes by external information, e.g. programme control (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/304 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 37/304 |
· · | Controlling tubes by information coming from the objects, e.g. correction signals [3]

|  | H01J 37/305 |
· · | for casting, melting, evaporating, or etching [2]

|  | H01J 37/31 |
· · | for cutting or drilling [2]

|  | H01J 37/315 |
· · | for welding [2]

|  | H01J 37/317 |
· · | for changing properties of the objects or for applying thin layers thereon, e.g. ion implantation (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/36 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 37/32 |
· | Gas-filled discharge tubes (heating by discharge Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | H01J 37/34 |
· · | operating with cathodic sputtering (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 37/36 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 37/36 |
· · | for cleaning surfaces while plating with ions of materials introduced into the discharge, e.g. introduced by evaporation [3]

|  | H01J 40/00 |
Photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/00 takes precedence; cathode-ray or image-pick-up tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/26) [3]

|  | H01J 40/02 |
· | Details [3]

|  | H01J 40/04 |
· · | Electrodes [3]

|  | H01J 40/06 |
· · · | Photo-emissive cathodes [3]

|  | H01J 40/08 |
· · | Magnetic means for controlling discharge [3]

|  | H01J 40/10 |
· · | Selection of substances for gas fillings [3]

|  | H01J 40/12 |
· · | One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the tube [3]

|  | H01J 40/14 |
· · | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for [3]

|  | H01J 40/16 |
· | having photo-emissive cathode, e.g. alkaline photoelectric cell (operating with secondary emission Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 43/00) [3]

|  | H01J 40/18 |
· · | with luminescent coatings for influencing the sensitivity of the tube, e.g. by converting the input wavelength (image-conversion or image-amplification tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/50) [3]

|  | H01J 40/20 |
· · | wherein a light-ray scans a photo-emissive screen [3]

|  | H01J 41/00 |
Discharge tubes and means integral therewith for measuring gas pressure (vacuum gauge systems using such tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01L 21/30); Discharge tubes for evacuation by diffusion of ions

|  | H01J 41/02 |
· | Discharge tubes and means integral therewith for measuring gas pressure [2]

|  | H01J 41/04 |
· · | with ionisation by means of thermionic cathodes [2]

|  | H01J 41/06 |
· · | with ionisation by means of cold cathodes [2]

|  | H01J 41/08 |
· · | with ionisation by means of radioactive substances, e.g. alphatrons [2]

|  | H01J 41/10 |
· · | of particle-spectrometer type (particle spectrometers in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/00) [2]

|  | H01J 41/12 |
· | Discharge tubes for evacuating by diffusion of ions, e.g. ion pumps, getter ion pumps [2]

|  | H01J 41/14 |
· · | with ionisation by means of thermionic cathodes [2]

|  | H01J 41/16 |
· · · | using gettering substances [2]

|  | H01J 41/18 |
· · | with ionisation by means of cold cathodes [2]

|  | H01J 41/20 |
· · · | using gettering substances [2]

|  | H01J 43/00 |
Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes (dynamic electron-multiplier tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 25/76; secondary-emission detectors for measurement of nuclear or X-radiation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01T 1/28)

|  | H01J 43/02 |
· | Tubes in which one or a few electrodes are secondary-electron-emitting electrodes

|  | H01J 43/04 |
· | Electron multipliers

|  | H01J 43/06 |
· · | Electrode arrangements

|  | H01J 43/08 |
· · · | Cathode arrangements (construction of photo cathodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 40/06, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 40/16, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 47/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/08)

|  | H01J 43/10 |
· · · | Dynodes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 43/24, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 43/26 take precedence; secondary-electron-emitting electrodes in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 1/32)

|  | H01J 43/12 |
· · · | Anode arrangements

|  | H01J 43/14 |
· · · | Control of electron beam by magnetic field

|  | H01J 43/16 |
· · · | Electrode arrangements using essentially one dynode

|  | H01J 43/18 |
· · · | Electrode arrangements using essentially more than one dynode

|  | H01J 43/20 |
· · · · | Dynodes consisting of sheet material, e.g. plane, bent

|  | H01J 43/22 |
· · · · | Dynodes consisting of electron-permeable material, e.g. foil, grid, tube, venetian blind

|  | H01J 43/24 |
· · · · | Dynodes having potential gradient along their surfaces

|  | H01J 43/26 |
· · · · | Box dynodes

|  | H01J 43/28 |
· · | Vessels; Windows; Screens; Suppressing undesired discharges or currents

|  | H01J 43/30 |
· · | Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for

|  | H01J 45/00 |
Discharge tubes functioning as thermionic generators

|  | H01J 47/00 |
Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles (photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 40/00) [3]

|  | H01J 47/02 |
· | Ionisation chambers [3]

|  | H01J 47/04 |
· · | Capacitive ionisation chambers, e.g. the electrodes of which are used as electrometers (electrostatic dosimeters in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01T 1/14) [3]

|  | H01J 47/06 |
· | Proportional counter tubes [3]

|  | H01J 47/08 |
· | Geiger-Müller counter tubes [3]

|  | H01J 47/10 |
· | Spark counters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 47/14 takes precedence; spark gaps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T) [3]

|  | H01J 47/12 |
· | Neutron detector tubes, e.g. BF3 tubes [3]

|  | H01J 47/14 |
· | Parallel electrode spark or streamer chambers; Wire spark or streamer chambers [3]

|  | H01J 47/16 |
· · | characterised by readout of each individual wire [3]

|  | H01J 47/18 |
· · · | the readout being electrical (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 47/20 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 47/20 |
· · · | the readout employing electrical or mechanical delay lines, e.g. magnetostrictive delay lines [3]

|  | H01J 47/22 |
· · | characterised by another type of readout [3]

|  | H01J 47/24 |
· · · | the readout being acoustical [3]

|  | H01J 47/26 |
· · · | the readout being optical [3]

|  | H01J 49/00 |
Particle spectrometer or separator tubes (for measuring gas pressure Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 41/10) [3]

|  | H01J 49/00 |
Note(s) In classifying particle separators, no distinction is made between spectrometry and spectrography, the difference being only in the manner of detection which in the first case is electrical and in the second case is by means of a photographic film. [3]

|  | H01J 49/02 |
· | Details [3]

|  | H01J 49/04 |
· · | Arrangements for introducing or extracting samples to be analysed, e.g. vacuum locks; Arrangements for external adjustment of electron- or ion-optical components [3]

|  | H01J 49/06 |
· · | Electron- or ion-optical arrangements (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/04 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 49/08 |
· · | Electron sources, e.g. for generating photo-electrons, secondary electrons or Auger electrons [3]

|  | H01J 49/10 |
· · | Ion sources; Ion guns [3]

|  | H01J 49/12 |
· · · | using an arc discharge, e.g. of the duoplasmatron type [3]

|  | H01J 49/14 |
· · · | using particle bombardment, e.g. ionisation chambers [3]

|  | H01J 49/16 |
· · · | using surface ionisation, e.g. field-, thermionic- or photo-emission [3]

|  | H01J 49/18 |
· · · | using spark ionisation [3]

|  | H01J 49/20 |
· · | Magnetic deflection [3]

|  | H01J 49/22 |
· · | Electrostatic deflection [3]

|  | H01J 49/24 |
· · | Vacuum systems, e.g. maintaining desired pressures [3]

|  | H01J 49/26 |
· | Mass spectrometers or separator tubes (isotope separation using these tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D 59/44) [3]

|  | H01J 49/28 |
· · | Static spectrometers [3]

|  | H01J 49/30 |
· · · | using magnetic analysers [3]

|  | H01J 49/32 |
· · · | using double focusing [3]

|  | H01J 49/34 |
· · | Dynamic spectrometers [3]

|  | H01J 49/36 |
· · · | Radio frequency spectrometers, e.g. Bennett-type spectrometers, Redhead-type spectrometers [3]

|  | H01J 49/38 |
· · · · | Omegatrons [3]

|  | H01J 49/40 |
· · · | Time-of-flight spectrometers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 49/36 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01J 49/42 |
· · · | Stability-of-path spectrometers, e.g. monopole, quadrupole, multipole, farvitrons [3]

|  | H01J 49/44 |
· | Energy spectrometers, e.g. alpha-, beta-spectrometers [3]

|  | H01J 49/46 |
· · | Static spectrometers [3]

|  | H01J 49/48 |
· · · | using electrostatic analysers, e.g. cylindrical sector, Wien filter [3]

|  | H01J 61/00 - H01J 65/00 |
Discharge lamps

|  | H01J 61/00 |
Gas- or vapour-discharge lamps (use for sterilising milk products Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23C; use for medical purposes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61N 5/00; use for disinfecting water Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C02F; use for lighting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21; circuits therefor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B; arc lamps with consumable electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B; electroluminescent lamps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | H01J 61/02 |
· | Details

|  | H01J 61/04 |
· · | Electrodes (for igniting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/54); Screens; Shields

|  | H01J 61/06 |
· · · | Main electrodes

|  | H01J 61/067 |
· · · · | for low-pressure discharge lamps [2]

|  | H01J 61/073 |
· · · · | for high-pressure discharge lamps [2]

|  | H01J 61/09 |
· · · · | Hollow cathodes [2]

|  | H01J 61/10 |
· · · | Shield, screens, or guides for influencing the discharge

|  | H01J 61/12 |
· · | Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature

|  | H01J 61/14 |
· · · | having one or more carbon compounds as the principal constituents

|  | H01J 61/16 |
· · · | having helium, argon, neon, krypton, or xenon as the principle constituent

|  | H01J 61/18 |
· · · | having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent

|  | H01J 61/20 |
· · · · | mercury vapour

|  | H01J 61/22 |
· · · · | vapour of an alkali metal

|  | H01J 61/24 |
· · | Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel

|  | H01J 61/26 |
· · · | Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas, e.g. by gettering; Means for preventing blackening of the envelope

|  | H01J 61/28 |
· · · | Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the lamp

|  | H01J 61/30 |
· · | Vessels; Containers

|  | H01J 61/32 |
· · · | Special longitudinal shape, e.g. for advertising purposes

|  | H01J 61/33 |
· · · | Special shape of cross-section, e.g. for producing cool spot

|  | H01J 61/34 |
· · · | Double-wall vessels or containers

|  | H01J 61/35 |
· · · | provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings (using coloured coatings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/40; using luminescent coatings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 61/42)

|  | H01J 61/36 |
· · | Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors

|  | H01J 61/38 |
· · | Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light

|  | H01J 61/40 |
· · · | by light-filters; by coloured coatings in or on the envelope

|  | H01J 61/42 |
· · · | by transforming the wavelength of the light by luminescence

|  | H01J 61/44 |
· · · · | Devices characterised by the luminescent material (luminescent materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 11/00)

|  | H01J 61/46 |
· · · · | Devices characterised by the binder or other non-luminescent constituent of the luminescent material, e.g. for obtaining desired pouring or drying properties

|  | H01J 61/48 |
· · · · | Separate coatings of different luminous materials

|  | H01J 61/50 |
· · | Auxiliary parts or solid material within the envelope for reducing risk of explosion upon breakage of the envelope, e.g. for use in mines

|  | H01J 61/52 |
· · | Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space

|  | H01J 61/54 |
· · | Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting (circuit arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | H01J 61/56 |
· · | One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp

|  | H01J 61/58 |
· | Lamps with both liquid anode and liquid cathode

|  | H01J 61/60 |
· | Lamps in which the discharge space is substantially filled with mercury before ignition

|  | H01J 61/62 |
· | Lamps with gaseous, e.g. plasma cathode

|  | H01J 61/64 |
· | Cathode glow lamps (designed as tuning or voltage indicators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 17/40)

|  | H01J 61/66 |
· · | having one or more specially shaped cathodes, e.g. for advertising purposes

|  | H01J 61/68 |
· | Lamps in which the main discharge is between parts of a current-carrying guide, e.g. halo lamp

|  | H01J 61/70 |
· | Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge

|  | H01J 61/72 |
· · | having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. mercury

|  | H01J 61/74 |
· · | having a main light-emitting filling of difficult vaporisable metal vapour, e.g. sodium

|  | H01J 61/76 |
· · | having a filling of permanent gas or gases only

|  | H01J 61/78 |
· · · | with cold cathode; with cathode heated only by discharge, e.g. high-tension lamp for advertising

|  | H01J 61/80 |
· · | Lamps suitable only for intermittent operation, e.g. flash lamp

|  | H01J 61/82 |
· | Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge

|  | H01J 61/84 |
· | Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure

|  | H01J 61/86 |
· · | with discharge additionally constricted by close spacing of electrodes, e.g. for optical projection

|  | H01J 61/88 |
· · | with discharge additionally constricted by envelope

|  | H01J 61/90 |
· · | Lamps suitable only for intermittent operation, e.g. flash lamp

|  | H01J 61/92 |
· | Lamps with more than one main discharge path

|  | H01J 61/94 |
· · | Paths producing light of different wavelengths, e.g. for simulating daylight

|  | H01J 61/95 |
· | Lamps with control electrode for varying intensity or wavelength of the light, e.g. for producing modulated light

|  | H01J 61/96 |
· | Lamps with light-emitting discharge path and separately-heated incandescent body within a common envelope, e.g. for simulating daylight (lamps with filament heated only by non-luminous discharge Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01K)

|  | H01J 61/98 |
· | Lamps with closely spaced electrodes heated to incandescence by light-emitting discharge, e.g. tungsten arc lamp

|  | H01J 63/00 |
Cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps (flying-spot tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/10; magic-eye tuning indicators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 31/14; lamps with incandescent body heated by the ray or stream Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01K)

|  | H01J 63/02 |
· | Details, e.g. electrode, gas filling, shape of vessel

|  | H01J 63/04 |
· · | Vessels provided with luminescent coatings; Selection of materials for the coatings

|  | H01J 63/06 |
· | Lamps with luminescent screen excited by the ray or stream

|  | H01J 63/08 |
· | Lamps with gas plasma excited by the ray or stream

|  | H01J 65/00 |
Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel

|  | H01J 65/04 |
· | Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating

|  | H01J 65/06 |
· | Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by radioactive material structurally associated with the lamp, e.g. inside the vessel

|  | H01J 65/08 |
· | Lamps in which a screen or coating is excited to luminesce by radioactive material located inside the vessel