|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

|  | F01 - F42 |
Note(s) Guide to the use of this subsection (classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01-F04) The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme. In this subsection, subclasses or groups designating "engines" or "pumps" cover methods of operating the same, unless otherwise specifically provided for. In this subsection, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "engine" means a device for continuously converting fluid energy into mechanical power. Thus, this term includes, for example, steam piston engines or steam turbines, per se, or internal-combustion piston engines, but it excludes single-stroke devices. "Engine" also includes the fluid-motive portion of a meter unless such portion is particularly adapted for use in a meter; "pump" means a device for continuously raising, forcing, compressing, or exhausting fluid by mechanical or other means. Thus, this term includes fans or blowers; "machine" means a device which could equally be an engine and a pump, and not a device which is restricted to an engine or one which is restricted to a pump; "positive displacement" means the way the energy of a working fluid is transformed into mechanical energy, in which variations of volume created by the working fluid in a working chamber produce equivalent displacements of the mechanical member transmitting the energy, the dynamic effect of the fluid being of minor importance, and vice versa; "non-positive displacement" means the way the energy of a working fluid is transformed into mechanical energy, by transformation of the energy of the working fluid into kinetic energy, and vice versa; "oscillating-piston machine" means a positive-displacement machine in which a fluid-engaging work-transmitting member oscillates. This definition applies also to engines and pumps; "rotary-piston machine" means a positive-displacement machine in which a fluid-engaging work-transmitting member rotates about a fixed axis or about an axis moving along a circular or similar orbit. This definition applies also to engines and pumps; "rotary piston" means the work-transmitting member of a rotary-piston machine and may be of any suitable form, e.g., like a toothed gear; "cooperating members" means the "oscillating piston" or "rotary piston" and another member, e.g., the working-chamber wall, which assists in the driving or pumping action; "movement of the co-operating members" is to be interpreted as relative, so that one of the "co-operating members" may be stationary, even though reference may be made to its rotational axis, or both may move; "teeth or tooth equivalents" include lobes, projections or abutments; "internal-axis type" means that the rotational axes of the inner and outer co-operating members remain at all times within the outer member, e.g., in a similar manner to that of a pinion meshing with the internal teeth of a ring gear; "free piston" means a piston of which the length of stroke is not defined by any member driven thereby; "cylinders" means positive-displacement working chambers in general. Thus, this term is not restricted to cylinders of circular cross-section; "main shaft" means the shaft which converts reciprocating piston motion into rotary motion or vice versa; "plant" means an engine together with such additional apparatus as is necessary to run the engine. For example, a steam engine plant includes a steam engine and means for generating the steam; "working fluid" means the driven fluid in a pump and the driving fluid in an engine. The working fluid may be in a gaseous state, i.e., compressible, or liquid. In the former case coexistence of two states is possible; "steam" includes condensable vapours in general, and "special vapour" is used when steam is excluded; "reaction type" as applied to non-positive-displacement machines or engines means machines or engines in which pressure/velocity transformation takes place wholly or partly in the rotor. Mmachines or engines with no, or only slight, pressure/velocity transformation in the rotor are called "impulse type". In this subsection: cyclically operating valves, lubricating, gas-flow silencers or exhaust apparatus, or cooling are classified in subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01L, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01M, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01P irrespective of their stated application, unless their classifying features are peculiar to their application, in which case they are classified only in the relevant subclass of classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01-F04; lubricating, gas-flow silencers or exhaust apparatus, or cooling of machines or engines are classified in subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01M, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01P except for those peculiar to steam engines which are classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B. For use of this subsection with a good understanding, it is essential to remember, so far as subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B, and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04D, which form its skeleton, are concerned: the principle which resides in their elaboration, the classifying characteristics which they call for, and their complementarity. Principle This concerns essentially the subclasses listed above. Other subclasses, notably those of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02, which cover better-defined matter, are not considered here. Each subclass covers fundamentally a genus of apparatus (engine or pump) and by extension covers equally "machines" of the same kind. Two different subjects, one having a more general character than the other, are thus covered by the same subclass. Subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B, beyond the two subjects which they cover, have further a character of generality in relation to other subclasses concerning the different species of apparatus in the genus concerned. This generality applies as well for the two subjects dealt with, without these always being in relation to the same subclasses. Thus, subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B, in its part dealing with "machines", should be considered as being the general class relating to subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C, and in its part dealing with "engines" as being general in relation to subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03C. Characteristics The principal classifying characteristic of the subclass is that of genera of apparatus, of which there are three possible: Machines; engines; pumps. As stated above, "machines" are always associated with one of the other two genera. These main genera are subdivided according to the general principles of operation of the apparatus: Positive displacement; non-positive displacement. The positive displacement apparatus are further subdivided according to the ways of putting into effect the principle of operation, that is, to the kind of apparatus: Simple reciprocating piston; rotary or oscillating piston; other kind. Another classifying characteristic is that of the working fluid, in respect of which three kinds of apparatus are possible, namely: Liquid and elastic fluid; elastic fluid; liquid. Complementarity This resides in association of pairs of the subclasses listed above, according to the characteristics under consideration in respect of kind of apparatus or working fluid. The subclasses concerned with the various principles, characteristics and complementarity are shown in the following table: It is seen from this table that: For the same kind of apparatus in a given genus, the characteristic of "working fluid" associates: Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C Machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03C Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03C Engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B For the same kind of working fluid, the "apparatus" characteristic relates subclasses in the same way as considerations of relative generality.

ENGINEERING IN GENERAL

|  | F16 |
ENGINEERING ELEMENTS OR UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL

|  | F16L |
PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL

|  | F16L |
2. Note(s) In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: "pipe" means a conduit of closed cross-section, which is specially adapted to convey fluids, materials or objects; "hose" means a pipe, as defined above, which has flexibility as an essential characteristic. [5] Attention is drawn to the following places:
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61M 39/00 | Tube connectors, tube couplings or branch units, specially adapted for medical use |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05B 1/20 | Perforated pipes |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B63B 35/03 | Pipe-laying vessels |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B64D 39/04 | Adaptation of hose constructions for refuelling aircraft during flight |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B67D 5/36 | Arrangements of hoses in apparatus for transferring liquids, e.g. fuel, from bulk to vehicles or portable containers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E01D 19/10 | Fastening of pipes or cables to bridges |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B | Water supply installations |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03D 11/17 | Means for connecting water-closet bowls to the flushing pipe |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03D 11/18 | Siphons for water-closets |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03F 3/04 | Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04D 13/08 | Down pipes for roof drainage; Clamping means therefor |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04F 17/00 | Vertical ducts, channels in buildings, e.g. chimneys |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21F 1/04 | Air ducts for ventilation of mines or tunnels; Connections therefor |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21F 17/02 | Suspension devices for tubes or the like in mines or tunnels |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N | Gas flow silencers or exhaust apparatus for machines or engines |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16N 21/00 | Conduits, junctions for lubrication systems |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17C 3/02 | Thermal insulation of vessels not under pressure for storing liquified or solidified gases, e.g. Dewar flask |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F22B 37/10 | Water tubes of steam boilers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23J 13/04 | Joints, connections for chimneys or flues |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 9/12 | Connecting circulation pipes to heaters |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F 9/04 | Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates of heat-exchangers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C 15/22 | Structural association of coolant tubes with headers or other pipes in nuclear reactors |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 3/04 | Protective tubing or conduits for electric cables |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 3/26 | Installations of electric cables or lines, or protective tubing on or in walls, ceilings or floors. |

|  | F16L |
Subclass index
LAYING OR RECLAIMING PIPES | 1/00
SUPPORTING | 3/00, 5/00, 7/00
PIPES | 9/00, 11/00
PIPE JOINTS |
Constructional kinds |
non-disconnectable | 13/00
screw-threaded | 15/00
with separate joints: pressing member; sleeve or socket; flanged joints | 19/00; 21/00; 23/00
bends or siphons | 43/00
other joints | 25/00
Functional kinds |
with self-tightening sealings | 17/00
adjustable or allowing movement | 27/00
with fluid cut-off means | 29/00
of quick-acting type | 37/00
for double-walled or multi-channel pipes | 39/00
branching pipes, joining pipes to walls | 41/00
special for hoses | 31/00, 33/00, 35/00
special for pipes: of plastics; of brittle material | 47/00; 49/00
PIPING UNITS |
Cleaning features | 45/00
Compensation devices | 51/00
Heating or cooling | 53/00
Accessories | 55/00
PROTECTION: AGAINST DAMAGE; CORROSION OR INCRUSTATION; THERMAL INSULATION | 57/00; 58/00; 59/00

|  | F16L 1/00 |
Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water (soldering or welding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; lifting-gear and load-engaging elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B66; hydraulic installations, soil drainage Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E02B; excavations or underwater constructions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E02D; machines for digging trenches in combination with pipe-assembly Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E02F; laying sewer pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03F 3/06; in earth boreholes or wells Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B; tunnelling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21D; laying electric, or combined optical and electric, cables Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G; making special pipe joints, see the relevant groups for the joints) [2,5,6]

|  | F16L 1/024 |
· | Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/12 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 1/026 |
· · | in or on a frozen surface [6]

|  | F16L 1/028 |
· · | in the ground (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/026 takes precedence) [5,6]

|  | F16L 1/032 |
· · · | the pipes being continuous (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/038 takes precedence) [5,6]

|  | F16L 1/036 |
· · · | the pipes being composed of sections of short length (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/038 takes precedence) [5,6]

|  | F16L 1/038 |
· · · | the pipes being made in situ [6]

|  | F16L 1/06 |
· · | Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors [5]

|  | F16L 1/08 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/09, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/11, covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/06 )

|  | F16L 1/09 |
· · · | for bringing two tubular members closer to each other [6]

|  | F16L 1/10 |
· · · | for aligning [5]

|  | F16L 1/11 |
· · · | for the detection or protection of pipes in the ground [6]

|  | F16L 1/12 |
· | Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water (buoyant hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/133) [5]

|  | F16L 1/14 |
· · | between the surface and the bottom [5]

|  | F16L 1/15 |
· · · | vertically [6]

|  | F16L 1/16 |
· · | on the bottom [5]

|  | F16L 1/18 |
· · · | the pipes being S- or J-shaped and under tension during laying [5]

|  | F16L 1/19 |
· · · · | the pipes being J-shaped [6]

|  | F16L 1/20 |
· · | Accessories therefor, e.g. floats, weights (buoys Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B63B 22/00) [5]

|  | F16L 1/22 |
( covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/20 )

|  | F16L 1/225 |
· · · | Stingers [6]

|  | F16L 1/23 |
· · · | Pipe tensioning apparatus [6]

|  | F16L 1/235 |
· · · | Apparatus for controlling the pipe during laying [6]

|  | F16L 1/24 |
· · · | Floats; Weights [5]

|  | F16L 1/26 |
· | Repairing or joining pipes on or under water (buoyant hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/133; joints per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00-F16L 49/00) [5]

|  | F16L 3/00 |
Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets (anchors for holding pipes on or under the ground Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/06) [5]

|  | F16L 3/01 |
· | for supporting or guiding the pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points, e.g. movable channels (hauling- or hoisting-chains with arrangements for holding electric cables, hoses or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16G 13/16) [5]

|  | F16L 3/015 |
· · | using articulated- or supple-guiding elements (arrangements for cranes of means for transmitting pneumatic, hydraulic or electric power to movable parts or devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B66C 13/12) [6]

|  | F16L 3/02 |
· | partly surrounding the pipes, cables or protective tubing (bands or chains Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/14)

|  | F16L 3/04 |
· · | and pressing it against a wall or other support

|  | F16L 3/06 |
· · | with supports for wires

|  | F16L 3/08 |
· | substantially surrounding the pipe, cable or protective tubing

|  | F16L 3/10 |
· · | divided, i.e. with two members engaging the pipe, cable or protective tubing

|  | F16L 3/11 |
· · · | and hanging from a pendant (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/14 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 3/12 |
· · | comprising a member substantially surrounding the pipe, cable or protective tubing

|  | F16L 3/123 |
· · · | and extending along the attachment surface [5]

|  | F16L 3/127 |
· · · | and extending away from the attachment surface [5]

|  | F16L 3/13 |
· · · | and engaging it by snap action [5]

|  | F16L 3/133 |
· · · | and hanging from a pendant (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/14 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 3/137 |
· · · | and consisting of a flexible band [5]

|  | F16L 3/14 |
· | Hangers in the form of bands or chains

|  | F16L 3/16 |
· | with special provision allowing movement of the pipe (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/01 takes precedence; supporting pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 7/00) [5]

|  | F16L 3/18 |
· · | allowing movement in axial direction

|  | F16L 3/20 |
· · | allowing movement in transverse direction

|  | F16L 3/202 |
· · · | the transverse movement being converted to a rotational movement (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/215 takes precedence) [6]

|  | F16L 3/205 |
· · · | having supporting springs [5]

|  | F16L 3/21 |
· · · · | providing constant supporting spring force [5]

|  | F16L 3/215 |
· · · | the movement being hydraulically or electrically controlled [5]

|  | F16L 3/217 |
· · · · | hydraulically [6]

|  | F16L 3/22 |
· | specially adapted for supporting a number of parallel pipes at intervals [6]

|  | F16L 3/223 |
· · | each support having one transverse base for supporting the pipes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/23, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/237 take precedence) [6]

|  | F16L 3/227 |
· · · | each pipe being supported by a separate element fastened to the base [6]

|  | F16L 3/23 |
· · | for a bundle of pipes or a plurality of pipes placed side by side in contact with each other (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/237 takes precedence) [6]

|  | F16L 3/233 |
· · · | by means of a flexible band [6]

|  | F16L 3/237 |
· · | for two pipes [6]

|  | F16L 3/24 |
· | with special member for attachment to profiled girders

|  | F16L 3/26 |
· | specially adapted for supporting the pipes all along their length, e.g. pipe channels or ducts [6]

|  | F16L 5/00 |
Devices for use where pipes, cables or protective tubing pass through walls or partitions (arrangements for leading electric cables or lines through walls, floors or ceilings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 3/22)

|  | F16L 5/02 |
· | Sealing

|  | F16L 5/04 - F16L 5/12 |
Note(s) Group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 5/14 takes precedence over groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 5/04-F16L 5/12. [6]

|  | F16L 5/04 |
· · | to form a firebreak device [6]

|  | F16L 5/06 |
· · | by means of a swivel nut compressing a ring or sleeve [6]

|  | F16L 5/08 |
· · | by means of axial screws compressing a ring or sleeve [6]

|  | F16L 5/10 |
· · | by using sealing rings or sleeves only [6]

|  | F16L 5/12 |
· · | the pipe being cut in two pieces [6]

|  | F16L 5/14 |
· · | for double-walled or multi-channel pipes [6]

|  | F16L 7/00 |
Supporting pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves, e.g. for enabling pipes or cables to be inserted or withdrawn from under roads or railways without interruption of traffic (sleeves for supporting pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/01) [5]

|  | F16L 7/02 |
· | and sealing the pipes or cables inside the other pipes, cables or sleeves [6]

|  | F16L 9/00 - F16L 11/00 |
Pipes

|  | F16L 9/00 |
Rigid pipes

|  | F16L 9/01 |
· | of wood (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/16-F16L 9/22 take precedence) [6]

|  | F16L 9/02 |
· | of metal (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/16-F16L 9/22 take precedence; finned pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F)

|  | F16L 9/04 |
· · | Reinforced pipes

|  | F16L 9/06 |
· · | Corrugated pipes

|  | F16L 9/08 |
· | of concrete, cement, or asbestos cement, with or without reinforcement (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/16-F16L 9/22 take precedence)

|  | F16L 9/10 |
· | of glass or ceramics, e.g. clay, clay tile, porcelain (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/16-F16L 9/22 take precedence)

|  | F16L 9/12 |
· | of plastics with or without reinforcement (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/16-F16L 9/22 take precedence)

|  | F16L 9/127 |
· · | the walls consisting of a single layer [5]

|  | F16L 9/128 |
· · · | Reinforced pipes [6]

|  | F16L 9/133 |
· · | the walls consisting of two layers [5]

|  | F16L 9/14 |
· | Compound tubes, i.e. made of materials not wholly covered by any one of the preceding groups (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/16-F16L 9/22 take precedence)

|  | F16L 9/147 |
· · | comprising only layers of metal and plastics with or without reinforcement [6]

|  | F16L 9/153 |
· · | comprising only layers of metal and concrete with or without reinforcement [6]

|  | F16L 9/16 |
· | wound from sheets or strips, with or without reinforcement

|  | F16L 9/17 |
· | obtained by bending a sheet longitudinally and connecting the edges [6]

|  | F16L 9/18 |
· | Double-walled pipes; Multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies (joints therefor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00)

|  | F16L 9/19 |
· · | Multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies [4]

|  | F16L 9/22 |
· | Pipes composed of a plurality of segments

|  | F16L 11/00 |
Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes (hose-like supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/01; suction-cleaner hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47L 9/24) [5]

|  | F16L 11/02 |
· | made of fibres or threads, e.g. of textile

|  | F16L 11/04 |
· | made of rubber or flexible plastics

|  | F16L 11/06 |
· · | with homogeneous wall (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/11 takes precedence) [2]

|  | F16L 11/08 |
· · | with reinforcements embedded in the wall (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/11 takes precedence) [2]

|  | F16L 11/10 |
· · | with reinforcements not embedded in the wall (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/11 takes precedence) [2]

|  | F16L 11/11 |
· · | with corrugated wall [2]

|  | F16L 11/112 |
· · · | having reinforcements embedded in the wall [5]

|  | F16L 11/115 |
· · · | having reinforcements not embedded in the wall [5]

|  | F16L 11/118 |
· · · | having arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. electrically conducting [5]

|  | F16L 11/12 |
· · | with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/11 takes precedence) [2]

|  | F16L 11/127 |
· · · | electrically conducting [5]

|  | F16L 11/133 |
· · · | buoyant [5]

|  | F16L 11/14 |
· | made of rigid material, e.g. metal or hard plastics

|  | F16L 11/15 |
· · | corrugated (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/16 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 11/16 |
· · | wound from profiled strips or bands

|  | F16L 11/18 |
· · | Articulated hoses, e.g. composed of a series of rings

|  | F16L 11/20 |
· | Double-walled hoses [5]

|  | F16L 11/22 |
· | Multi-channel hoses [5]

|  | F16L 11/24 |
· | wound from strips or bands (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/16 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 13/00 - F16L 49/00 |
Pipe joints; Hose nipples (special adaptations of pipe joints for use with water-closet bowls Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03D 11/13) [2]

|  | F16L 13/00 |
Non-disconnectible pipe joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive, or caulked joints (joints for rigid pipes of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00)

|  | F16L 13/007 |
· | specially adapted for joining pipes of dissimilar materials [5]

|  | F16L 13/013 |
· · | Accessories therefor [5]

|  | F16L 13/02 |
· | Welded joints

|  | F16L 13/04 |
· · | with arrangements preventing overstressing

|  | F16L 13/06 |
· · · | with tension-relief of the weld by means of detachable members, e.g. divided tensioning rings, bolts in flanges

|  | F16L 13/08 |
· | Soldered joints

|  | F16L 13/10 |
· | Adhesive or cemented joints

|  | F16L 13/11 |
· · | using materials which fill the space between parts of a joint before hardening [2]

|  | F16L 13/12 |
· | with a seal made of lead, caulked packing, or the like

|  | F16L 13/14 |
· | made by plastically deforming the material of the pipe, e.g. by flanging, rolling

|  | F16L 13/16 |
· · | the pipe joint consisting of overlapping extremities having mutually co-operating collars [5]

|  | F16L 15/00 |
Screw-threaded joints (casing joints used in deep-drilling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B 17/08; joints sealed primarily by means other than engagement of screw-threads, see the relevant groups characterised by the sealing arrangements); Forms of screw-threads for such joints

|  | F16L 15/02 |
· | allowing substantial longitudinal adjustment by the use of a long screw-threaded part

|  | F16L 15/04 |
· | with additional sealings [2]

|  | F16L 15/06 |
· | characterised by the shape of the screw-thread [5]

|  | F16L 15/08 |
· | with supplementary elements (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 15/04 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 17/00 |
Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure (compensating devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 51/00)

|  | F16L 17/02 |
· | with sealing rings arranged between outer surface of pipe and inner surface of sleeve or socket

|  | F16L 17/025 |
· · | the sealing rings having radially directed ribs [5]

|  | F16L 17/03 |
· · | having annular axial lips [2]

|  | F16L 17/035 |
· · · | the sealing rings having two lips parallel to each other [5]

|  | F16L 17/04 |
· · | with longitudinally split or divided sleeve

|  | F16L 17/06 |
· | with sealing rings arranged between the end surfaces of the pipes or flanges or arranged in recesses in the pipe ends or flanges

|  | F16L 17/067 |
· · | Plastics sealing rings [6]

|  | F16L 17/073 |
· · · | the sealing rings having two lips parallel to each other [6]

|  | F16L 17/08 |
· · | Metal sealing rings [5]

|  | F16L 17/10 |
· | the packing being sealed by the pressure of a fluid other than the fluid in or surrounding the pipe (expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 51/00) [5]

|  | F16L 19/00 |
Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on, or into, one of the joint parts (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00 takes precedence; if using bolts or equivalent connecting means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 23/00)

|  | F16L 19/02 |
· | Pipe ends provided with collars or flanges, integral with the pipe or not, pressed together by a screwed member

|  | F16L 19/025 |
· · | the pipe ends having integral collars or flanges [5]

|  | F16L 19/028 |
· · · | the collars or flanges being obtained by deformation of the pipe wall [6]

|  | F16L 19/03 |
· · | with flexible sealing rings between the sealing surfaces [2]

|  | F16L 19/04 |
· | using additional rigid rings, sealing directly on at least one pipe end, which is flared either before or during the making of the connection

|  | F16L 19/05 |
· · | with a rigid pressure ring between the screwed member and the exterior of the flared pipe end [5]

|  | F16L 19/06 |
· | in which radial clamping is obtained by wedging action on non-deformed pipe ends

|  | F16L 19/065 |
· · | the wedging action being effected by means of a ring [5]

|  | F16L 19/07 |
· · | adapted for use in socket or sleeve connections [2]

|  | F16L 19/075 |
· · | specially adapted for spigot-and-socket joints [5]

|  | F16L 19/08 |
· | with metal rings which bite into the wall of the pipe

|  | F16L 19/10 |
· · | the profile of the ring being altered [5]

|  | F16L 19/12 |
· · · | with additional sealing means [5]

|  | F16L 19/14 |
· · · | the rings being integral with one of the connecting parts [6]

|  | F16L 21/00 |
Joints with sleeve or socket (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 19/00 take precedence)

|  | F16L 21/02 |
· | with elastic sealing rings between pipe and sleeve or between pipe and socket, e.g. with rolling or other prefabricated profiled rings (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/06, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/08 take precedence; if adjustability is essential Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/00)

|  | F16L 21/025 |
· · | Rolling sealing rings [5]

|  | F16L 21/03 |
· · | placed in the socket before connection (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/025 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 21/035 |
· · | placed around the spigot end before connection (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/025 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 21/04 |
· · | in which sealing rings are compressed by axially-movable members

|  | F16L 21/05 |
· · | comprising a first ring being placed on a male part and a second ring in the sleeve or socket [6]

|  | F16L 21/06 |
· | with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe ends (flanged joints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 23/00; couplings of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00)

|  | F16L 21/08 |
· | with additional locking means (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/06 takes precedence; couplings of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00)

|  | F16L 23/00 |
Flanged joints (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 19/00 take precedence; adjustable joints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/00; for hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/00; couplings of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00; for double-walled or multi-channel pipes, or pipe assemblies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00; specially adapted for pipes of brittle material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 49/00)

|  | F16L 23/02 |
· | the flanges being connected by members tensioned axially (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 23/12 takes precedence) [2,5]

|  | F16L 23/024 |
· · | characterised by how the flanges are joined to, or form an extension of, the pipes [5]

|  | F16L 23/026 |
· · · | by welding [6]

|  | F16L 23/028 |
· · · | the flanges being held against a shoulder [5]

|  | F16L 23/032 |
· · | characterised by the shape or composition of the flanges [5]

|  | F16L 23/036 |
· · | characterised by the tensioning members, e.g. specially adapted bolts or C-clamps [5]

|  | F16L 23/04 |
· | the flanges being connected by members tensioned in the radial plane (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 23/12 takes precedence) [2,5]

|  | F16L 23/06 |
· · | connected by toggle-action levers (quick acting couplings tightened by toggle-action levers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/20) [5]

|  | F16L 23/08 |
· · | connection by tangentially arranged pin and nut [5]

|  | F16L 23/10 |
· · · | with a pivoting or swinging pin [5]

|  | F16L 23/12 |
· | specially adapted for particular pipes [5]

|  | F16L 23/14 |
· · | for rectangular pipes [5]

|  | F16L 23/16 |
· | characterised by the sealing means [5]

|  | F16L 23/18 |
· · | the sealing means being rings [6]

|  | F16L 23/20 |
· · · | made exclusively of metal [6]

|  | F16L 23/22 |
· · · | made exclusively of a material other than metal [6]

|  | F16L 23/24 |
· · | specially adapted for unequal expansion of the parts of the joint [6]

|  | F16L 25/00 |
Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00-F16L 23/00 (adjustable joints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/00; couplings of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00; specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00)

|  | F16L 25/02 |
· | Electrically insulating joints or couplings (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00 takes precedence; insulating bodies in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01B) [2]

|  | F16L 25/04 |
· | comprising a collar or ring having a threaded pin rigid with the pipe-encircling member [5]

|  | F16L 25/06 |
· | comprising radial locking means [5]

|  | F16L 25/08 |
· · | in the form of screws, nails or the like [6]

|  | F16L 27/00 |
Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement (of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/50; for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/04) [5]

|  | F16L 27/02 |
· | Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction

|  | F16L 27/04 |
· · | with partly-spherical engaging surfaces

|  | F16L 27/047 |
· · · | held in place by a screwed member having an internal spherical surface [5]

|  | F16L 27/053 |
· · · | held in place by bolts passing through flanges [5]

|  | F16L 27/06 |
· · · | with special sealing means between the engaging surfaces

|  | F16L 27/067 |
· · · · | the sealing means being actuated by the medium pressure [5]

|  | F16L 27/073 |
· · · · | one of the cooperating surfaces forming the sealing means [5]

|  | F16L 27/08 |
· | allowing adjustment or movement only about the axis of one pipe

|  | F16L 27/087 |
· · | Joints with radial fluid passages [6]

|  | F16L 27/093 |
· · · | of the "banjo" type, i.e. pivoting right-angle couplings [6]

|  | F16L 27/10 |
· | comprising a flexible connection only

|  | F16L 27/103 |
· · | in which a flexible element, e.g. a rubber-metal laminate, which undergoes constraints consisting of shear and flexure, is sandwiched between partly curved surfaces [6]

|  | F16L 27/107 |
· · | the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a flexible sleeve [5]

|  | F16L 27/108 |
· · · | the sleeve having the form of a bellows with only one corrugation [6]

|  | F16L 27/11 |
· · · | the sleeve having the form of a bellows with multiple corrugations [6]

|  | F16L 27/111 |
· · · · | the bellows being reinforced [6]

|  | F16L 27/113 |
· · | the ends of the pipe being interconnected by a rigid sleeve [5]

|  | F16L 27/12 |
· | allowing substantial longitudinal adjustment or movement (by use of screw-thread Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 15/02)

|  | F16L 29/00 |
Joints with fluid cut-off means (quick-acting joints with cut-off means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/28)

|  | F16L 29/02 |
· | with a cut-off device in one of the two pipe ends, the cut-off device being automatically openend when the coupling is applied [5]

|  | F16L 29/04 |
· | with a cut-off device in each of the two pipe ends, the cut-off devices being automatically openend when the coupling is applied [5]

|  | F16L 31/00 |
Arrangements for connecting hoses to one another or to flexible sleeves (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/00 takes precedence)

|  | F16L 31/02 |
· | for branching hoses [6]

|  | F16L 33/00 |
Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members (hand tools for inserting fittings into hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B25B 27/10); Rigid hose-connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses

|  | F16L 33/01 |
· | adapted for hoses having a multi-layer wall [2]

|  | F16L 33/02 |
· | Hose-clips

|  | F16L 33/04 |
· · | tightened by tangentially-arranged threaded pin and nut

|  | F16L 33/06 |
· · · | in which the threaded pin is rigid with the hose-encircling member

|  | F16L 33/08 |
· · | in which a worm coacts with a part of the hose-encircling member that is toothed like a worm-wheel

|  | F16L 33/10 |
· · | with a substantially-radial tightening member

|  | F16L 33/12 |
· · | with a pivoted or swinging tightening or securing member, e.g. toggle lever

|  | F16L 33/14 |
· · | with a taping-bolt, i.e. winding up the end of the hose-encircling member

|  | F16L 33/16 |
· | with sealing or securing means using fluid pressure

|  | F16L 33/18 |
· | characterised by the use of additional sealing means

|  | F16L 33/20 |
· | Undivided rings, sleeves, or like members contracted on the hose or expanded inside the hose by means of tools; Arrangements using such members

|  | F16L 33/207 |
· · | only a sleeve being contracted on the hose [5]

|  | F16L 33/213 |
· · | only a sleeve being expanded inside the hose [5]

|  | F16L 33/22 |
· | with means not mentioned in the preceding groups for gripping the hose between inner and outer parts

|  | F16L 33/23 |
· · | the outer parts being segmented, the segments being pressed against the hose by tangentially arranged members [2]

|  | F16L 33/24 |
· | with parts screwed directly on or into the hose (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/22 takes precedence)

|  | F16L 33/26 |
· | specially adapted for hoses made of metal

|  | F16L 33/28 |
· | for hoses with one end terminating in a radial flange or collar [5]

|  | F16L 35/00 |
Special arrangements used in connection with end fittings of hoses, e.g. safety or protecting devices

|  | F16L 37/00 |
Couplings of the quick-acting type (radially-binding sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/04, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/06; connecting hoses to rigid members Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/00; connections made automatically when vehicles are brought together Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60D, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61G; specially adapted for lubricating devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16N 21/00)

|  | F16L 37/02 |
· | in which the connection is maintained only by friction of the parts being joined (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/22 takes precedence)

|  | F16L 37/04 |
· · | with an elastic outer part pressing against an inner part by reason of its elasticity (with locking members Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/08)

|  | F16L 37/05 |
· · · | tightened by the pressure of a mechanical organ [5]

|  | F16L 37/06 |
· · · | tightened by fluid pressure

|  | F16L 37/08 |
· | in which the connection between abutting or axially-overlapping ends is maintained by locking members (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/22-F16L 37/26 take precedence)

|  | F16L 37/084 |
· · | combined with automatic locking [5]

|  | F16L 37/088 |
· · · | by means of a split elastic ring [5]

|  | F16L 37/092 |
· · · | by means of elements wedged between the pipe and the frusto-conical surface of the body of the connector [5]

|  | F16L 37/096 |
· · · | by means of hooks hinged about an axis [5]

|  | F16L 37/10 |
· · | using a rotary external sleeve or ring on one part

|  | F16L 37/12 |
· · | using hooks, pawls, or other movable or insertable locking members (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/084 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 37/127 |
· · · | using hooks hinged about an axis [5]

|  | F16L 37/133 |
· · · | using flexible hooks [5]

|  | F16L 37/14 |
· · · | Joints secured by inserting between mating surfaces an element, e.g. a piece of wire, a pin, a chain

|  | F16L 37/16 |
· · · | Joints tightened by the action of wedge-shaped hinged hooks

|  | F16L 37/18 |
· · · | Joints tightened by eccentrics or rotatable cams

|  | F16L 37/20 |
· · · | Joints tightened by toggle-action levers

|  | F16L 37/22 |
· | in which the connection is maintained by means of balls, rollers, or helical springs under radial pressure between the parts

|  | F16L 37/23 |
· · | by means of balls [5]

|  | F16L 37/24 |
· | in which the connection is made by inserting one member axially into the other and rotating it to a limited extent, e.g. with bayonet-action

|  | F16L 37/244 |
· · | the coupling being co-axial with the pipe [5]

|  | F16L 37/248 |
· · · | Bayonet-type couplings [5]

|  | F16L 37/252 |
· · · | the male part having lugs on its periphery penetrating into the corresponding slots provided in the female part [5]

|  | F16L 37/256 |
· · | the coupling not being coaxial with the pipe [5]

|  | F16L 37/26 |
· | in which the connection is made by transversely moving the parts together, with or without their subsequent rotation

|  | F16L 37/28 |
· | with fluid cut-off means

|  | F16L 37/30 |
· · | with fluid cut-off means in each of two pipe-end fittings [5]

|  | F16L 37/32 |
· · · | at least one of two lift valves being opened automatically when the coupling is applied [5]

|  | F16L 37/34 |
· · · · | at least one of the lift valves being of the sleeve type, i.e. a sleeve being telescoped over an inner cylindrical wall [5]

|  | F16L 37/36 |
· · · | with two lift valves being actuated to initiate the flow through the coupling after the two coupling parts are locked against withdrawal [5]

|  | F16L 37/38 |
· · | with fluid cut-off means in only one of two pipe-end fittings [5]

|  | F16L 37/40 |
· · · | with a lift valve being openend automatically when the coupling is applied [5]

|  | F16L 37/42 |
· · · · | the valve having an axial bore communicating with lateral apertures [5]

|  | F16L 37/44 |
· · · | with one lift valve being actuated to initiate the flow through the coupling after the two coupling parts are locked against withdrawal [5]

|  | F16L 37/46 |
· · · | with a gate valve or sliding valve [5]

|  | F16L 37/48 |
· | for fastening a pipe on the end of a tap [5]

|  | F16L 37/50 |
· | adjustable; allowing movement of the parts joined [5]

|  | F16L 37/52 |
· · | Universal joints, i.e. with a mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction [5]

|  | F16L 37/54 |
· · | for pipes under pressure which are supported only on one side [5]

|  | F16L 37/56 |
· | for double-walled or multi-channel pipes [5]

|  | F16L 37/58 |
· | the extremities of the two halves of the joint being pressed against each other without being locked in position [5]

|  | F16L 39/00 |
Joints or fittings for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies

|  | F16L 39/02 |
· | for hoses

|  | F16L 39/04 |
· | allowing adjustment or movement

|  | F16L 41/00 |
Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00 takes precedence; connections not designed for conveying fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16B 9/00; joints suitable for connecting together pipe ends, see the relevant groups)

|  | F16L 41/02 |
· | Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted

|  | F16L 41/03 |
· · | comprising junction pieces for four or more pipe members [5]

|  | F16L 41/04 |
· | Tapping pipe walls, i.e. making connections through the walls of pipes while they are carrying fluids; Fittings therefor (apparatus or operations relating to metal-working steps, see the relevant classes for metal-working)

|  | F16L 41/06 |
· · | making use of attaching means embracing the pipe

|  | F16L 41/08 |
· | Joining pipes to walls or pipes, the joined pipe axis being perpendicular to the plane of a wall or to the axis of another pipe (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 41/02 takes precedence) [2]

|  | F16L 41/10 |
· · | the extremity of the pipe being screwed into the wall [5]

|  | F16L 41/12 |
· · | using attaching means embracing the pipe [5]

|  | F16L 41/14 |
· · | by screwing an intermediate part against the inside or outside of the wall [5]

|  | F16L 41/16 |
· · | the branch pipe comprising fluid cut-off means [5]

|  | F16L 43/00 |
Bends; Siphons (with cleaning apertures Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 45/00; siphons for water-closets Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03D 11/18; siphons in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04F 10/00)

|  | F16L 43/02 |
· | adapted to make use of special securing means

|  | F16L 45/00 |
Pipe units with cleaning aperture and closure therefor

|  | F16L 47/00 |
Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics

|  | F16L 47/02 |
· | Welded joints; Adhesive joints

|  | F16L 47/04 |
· | with a swivel nut or collar engaging the pipe [2]

|  | F16L 47/06 |
· | with sleeve or socket formed by or in the pipe end [2]

|  | F16L 49/00 |
Connecting arrangements, e.g. joints, specially adapted for pipes of brittle material, e.g. glass, earthenware

|  | F16L 49/02 |
· | Joints with a sleeve or socket [5]

|  | F16L 49/04 |
· | Flanged joints [5]

|  | F16L 51/00 |
Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines (telescopic pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/12)

|  | F16L 51/02 |
· | making use of a bellows or an expansible folded or corrugated tube

|  | F16L 51/03 |
· · | comprising two or more bellows [5]

|  | F16L 51/04 |
· | making use of bends, e.g. lyre-shaped

|  | F16L 53/00 |
Heating or cooling pipes or pipe systems (preventing freezing of pipes, thawing frozen pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B 7/12, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B 7/14; pipe-line systems, pipe-lines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17D)

|  | F16L 55/00 |
Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems (the preceding groups and groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 57/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/00 take precedence; repairing or joining pipes on or under water Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/26; nozzles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05B; cleaning of pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02; devices for preventing bursting of water pipes by freezing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B 7/10; for domestic plumbing installations Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03C 1/00; arrangements for sealing leaky tubes or conduits of heat-exchangers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F 11/00)

|  | F16L 55/02 |
· | Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers (in valves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 47/00)

|  | F16L 55/027 |
· · | Throttle passages (influencing fluid flow Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F15D 1/00; control of fluid flow Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05D 7/00) [5]

|  | F16L 55/033 |
· · | Noise absorbers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/027 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 55/04 |
· | Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids

|  | F16L 55/045 |
· · | specially adapted to prevent or minimise the effects of water hammer [5]

|  | F16L 55/05 |
· · · | Buffers therefor (accumulators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F15B 1/04) [5]

|  | F16L 55/055 |
· · · | Valves therefor [5]

|  | F16L 55/07 |
· | Arrangement or mounting of devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating or draining (arrangement of draining devices in water-supply systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B 7/08; apparatus for draining Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16T; venting or aerating devices per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 24/00) [2]

|  | F16L 55/09 |
· | Air-conditioning, e.g. de-watering, in pneumatic systems (in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24)

|  | F16L 55/10 |
· | Means for stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 29/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/28 take precedence; valves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K)

|  | F16L 55/105 |
· · | Closing devices introduced radially into the pipe or hose [5]

|  | F16L 55/11 |
· · | Plugs [5]

|  | F16L 55/115 |
· · | Caps [5]

|  | F16L 55/12 |
· · | by introducing into the pipe a member expandable in situ (inflatable cut-off valves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 7/10)

|  | F16L 55/124 |
· · · | introduced radially into the pipe or hose [5]

|  | F16L 55/128 |
· · · | introduced axially into the pipe or hose [5]

|  | F16L 55/132 |
· · · · | the closure device being a plug fixed by radially deforming the packing [5]

|  | F16L 55/136 |
· · · · | the closure device being a plug fixed by radially expanding or deforming a split ring, hooks or the like [5]

|  | F16L 55/16 |
· · | Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders

|  | F16L 55/162 |
· · · | from inside the pipe [5]

|  | F16L 55/165 |
· · · · | a pipe being inserted in the damaged section [5]

|  | F16L 55/168 |
· · · | from outside the pipe [5]

|  | F16L 55/17 |
· · · · | by means of rings, bands or sleeves pressed against the outside surface of the pipe or hose (hose-clips for connecting hoses to rigid members Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/02) [5]

|  | F16L 55/172 |
· · · · · | the ring, band or sleeve being tightened by a tangentially arranged threaded pin and a nut [5]

|  | F16L 55/175 |
· · · · | by using materials which fill a space around the pipe before hardening [5]

|  | F16L 55/178 |
· · · · | by clamping an outer gasket against a joint with sleeve or socket [5]

|  | F16L 55/18 |
· | Appliances for use in repairing pipes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/10 takes precedence)

|  | F16L 55/24 |
· | Preventing accumulation of dirt or other matter in pipes, e.g. by traps, by strainers

|  | F16L 55/26 |
· | Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means (tunnel railway systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61B 13/10; conveying articles through pipes or tubes, e.g. tube mail systems, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G 51/00) [5]

|  | F16L 55/26 |
Note(s) Pigs or moles specially adapted for particular applications are classified in the relevant places for the applications, e.g. stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/12; repairing pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/18; applying liquids or other fluent materials to the inside of tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05C 7/08; cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02; welding or cutting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 37/02; earth drilling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B; cleaning chimneys Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23J 3/02; cleaning internal or external surfaces of heat-exchange or heat-transfer conduits Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28G; measuring, testing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01; inspection of vessels in nuclear reactors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C 17/003; inspection or maintenance of pipe-lines or tubes in nuclear installations Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C 17/017; installing electric, or combined optical and electric, cables or lines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G. [5] In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/26-F16L 55/48, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 101/00-F16L 101/70. The indexing codes should be unlinked. [6]

|  | F16L 55/28 |
· · | Constructional aspects [6]

|  | F16L 55/30 |
· · · | of the propulsion means, e.g. towed by cables [6]

|  | F16L 55/32 |
· · · · | being self-contained [6]

|  | F16L 55/34 |
· · · · · | the pig or mole being moved step by step [6]

|  | F16L 55/36 |
· · · · · | jet driven [6]

|  | F16L 55/38 |
· · · · | driven by fluid pressure [6]

|  | F16L 55/40 |
· · · | of the body [6]

|  | F16L 55/42 |
· · · · | gelled or degradable [6]

|  | F16L 55/44 |
· · · · | expandable [6]

|  | F16L 55/46 |
· · | Launching or retrieval of pigs or moles [6]

|  | F16L 55/48 |
· · | Indicating the position of the pig or mole in the pipe or conduit [6]

|  | F16L 57/00 |
Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear (supporting of pipes inside other pipes or sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 7/00; used in connection with end fittings of hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 35/00; protection thereof during transport Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 59/00)

|  | F16L 58/00 |
Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation (supporting of pipes inside other pipes or sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 7/00; compound tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/14; cleaning pipes or tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02)

|  | F16L 58/02 |
· | by means of internal or external coatings (coatings for thermal insulation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/00; methods or machines for applying coatings, see the relevant places, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B28B 21/94) [2]

|  | F16L 58/04 |
· · | Coatings characterised by the materials used (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 58/16 takes precedence; compositions, see the relevant classes, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04B) [2]

|  | F16L 58/06 |
· · · | by cement, concrete, or the like [2]

|  | F16L 58/08 |
· · · | by metal [2]

|  | F16L 58/10 |
· · · | by rubber or plastics [2]

|  | F16L 58/12 |
· · · | by tar or bitumen [2]

|  | F16L 58/14 |
· · · | by ceramic or vitreous materials [2]

|  | F16L 58/16 |
· · | the coating being in the form of a bandage (apparatus for covering cores by winding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 81/00) [2]

|  | F16L 58/18 |
· | specially adapted for pipe fittings [2]

|  | F16L 59/00 |
Thermal insulation in general (heat, sound insulation in buildings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04B; heat insulation of steam engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B 31/08; heat insulation in rotary piston machines or engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C 21/06; heat insulation of pumps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C 29/04; thermal insulation of pressure vessels Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17C 1/12; vessels not under pressure, with provision for insulation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17C 3/02)

|  | F16L 59/02 |
· | Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials (chemical aspects, see the relevant classes)

|  | F16L 59/04 |
· | Arrangements using dry fillers, e.g. using slag wool

|  | F16L 59/05 |
· · | in prefabricated shells or covers [2]

|  | F16L 59/06 |
· | Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum

|  | F16L 59/08 |
· | Means for preventing radiation, e.g. with metal foil

|  | F16L 59/10 |
· | Bandages or covers for the protection of the insulation, e.g. against the influence of the environment or against mechanical damage (integral with insulating materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/02)

|  | F16L 59/12 |
· | Arrangements for supporting insulation from the wall or body insulated, e.g. by means of spacers between pipe and heat-insulating material; Arrangements specially adapted for supporting insulated bodies

|  | F16L 59/14 |
· | Arrangements for the insulation of pipes or pipe systems (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/02-F16L 59/12 take precedence)

|  | F16L 59/147 |
· · | the insulation being located inwardly of the outer surface of the pipe [5]

|  | F16L 59/153 |
· · | for flexible pipes [5]

|  | F16L 59/16 |
· · | Arrangements specially adapted to local requirements at flanges, junctions, valves, or the like (means in or on valves for heating or cooling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 49/00)

|  | F16L 59/18 |
· · · | adapted for joints [5]

|  | F16L 59/20 |
· · · · | for non-disconnectable joints [5]

|  | F16L 59/22 |
· · · | adapted for bends [5]

|  | F16L 101/00 |
Indexing scheme associated with groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/26-F16L 55/48, relating to uses and applications of pigs or moles. The indexing codes should be unlinked. [6]

|  | F16L 101/00 - F16L 101/00 |
Note(s) Attention is drawn to Chapter IV of the Guide which sets forth the rules concerning the application and presentation of the different types of indexing code. [6]

|  | F16L 101/00 |
Uses or applications of pigs or moles [6]

|  | F16L 101/10 |
· | Treating the inside of pipes [6]

|  | F16L 101/12 |
· · | Cleaning [6]

|  | F16L 101/14 |
· · | Drying [6]

|  | F16L 101/16 |
· · | Coating by application of fluent materials, e.g. painting [6]

|  | F16L 101/18 |
· · | Lining other than coating [6]

|  | F16L 101/20 |
· | Expelling gases or fluids [6]

|  | F16L 101/30 |
· | Inspecting, measuring or testing [6]

|  | F16L 101/40 |
· | Separating transported fluids [6]

|  | F16L 101/50 |
· | Pulling cables or the like [6]

|  | F16L 101/60 |
· | Stopping leaks [6]

|  | F16L 101/70 |
· | Drill-well operations [6]