|  | H |
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY

|  | H |
Note(s) These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H. Section H covers: basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere); generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear; applied electricity, which covers: general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits; some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including: electric light sources, including lasers; electric X-ray technique; electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons; basic electronic circuits and their control; radio or electric communication technique; the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 57 to 59 of the Guide should be referred to. In this section, the following general rules apply: Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question; The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include: the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61; the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01 and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03 and in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B; the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23Q; the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself; All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a), above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself. In this section, the following special cases occur: Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H or class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B which cover the same technical subjects; In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B; In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21; As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

|  | H01 |
BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS

|  | H01 |
Note(s) Processes involving only a single technical art, e.g. drying, coating, for which provision exists elsewhere are classified in the relevant class for that art.

|  | H01P |
WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G02B; aerials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01Q; networks comprising lumped impedance elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03H)

|  | H01P |
Note(s) In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: "waveguide type" as applied to transmission lines includes only high-frequency coaxial cables or Lecher lines, and as applied to resonators, delay lines, or other devices includes all devices having distributed inductance and capacitance.

|  | H01P |
Subclass index
WAVEGUIDES, TRANSMISSION LINES | 3/00
DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE |
Auxiliary devices; coupling devices; resonators; delay lines | 1/00; 5/00; 7/00; 9/00
MANUFACTURE | 11/00

|  | H01P 1/00 |
Auxiliary devices (coupling devices of the waveguide type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/00)

|  | H01P 1/02 |
· | Bends; Corners; Twists

|  | H01P 1/04 |
· | Fixed joints (line connectors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01R; cable fittings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 15/00)

|  | H01P 1/06 |
· | Movable joints, e.g. rotating joints

|  | H01P 1/08 |
· | Dielectric windows (coupling devices for transit-time tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/36)

|  | H01P 1/10 |
· | for switching or interrupting

|  | H01P 1/11 |
· · | by ferromagnetic devices [3]

|  | H01P 1/12 |
· · | by mechanical chopper

|  | H01P 1/14 |
· · | by electric discharge devices (discharge devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 17/64)

|  | H01P 1/15 |
· · | by semiconductor devices [2]

|  | H01P 1/16 |
· | for mode selection, e.g. mode suppression or mode promotion; for mode conversion (linking dissimilar lines or devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/08) [3]

|  | H01P 1/161 |
· · | sustaining two independent orthogonal modes, e.g. orthomode transducer [3]

|  | H01P 1/162 |
· · | absorbing spurious or unwanted modes of propagation [3]

|  | H01P 1/163 |
· · | specifically adapted for selection or promotion of the TE01 circular-electric mode [3]

|  | H01P 1/165 |
· | for rotating the plane of polarisation [2]

|  | H01P 1/17 |
· · | for producing a continuously rotating polarisation, e.g. circular polarisation [2]

|  | H01P 1/175 |
· · | using Faraday rotators [3]

|  | H01P 1/18 |
· | Phase-shifters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/165 takes precedence; coupling devices with variable coupling factor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/04) [2]

|  | H01P 1/185 |
· · | using a diode or a gas filled discharge tube [3]

|  | H01P 1/19 |
· · | using a ferromagnetic device [3]

|  | H01P 1/195 |
· · · | having a toroidal shape [3]

|  | H01P 1/20 |
· | Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters (resonators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 7/00)

|  | H01P 1/201 |
· · | Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/212, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/213, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/215, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/219 take precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 1/202 |
· · · | Coaxial filters (cascaded coaxial cavities Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/205) [3]

|  | H01P 1/203 |
· · · | Strip line filters [3]

|  | H01P 1/205 |
· · · | Comb or interdigital filters; Cascaded coaxial cavities (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/203 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 1/207 |
· · | Hollow waveguide filters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/212, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/213, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/215, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/219 take precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 1/208 |
· · · | Cascaded cavities; Cascaded resonators inside a hollow waveguide structure (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/205 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 1/209 |
· · · | comprising one or more branching arms or cavities wholly outside the main waveguide [3]

|  | H01P 1/211 |
· · · | Waffle-iron filters; Corrugated structures [3]

|  | H01P 1/212 |
· · | suppressing or attenuating harmonic frequencies (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/215 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 1/213 |
· · | combining or separating two or more different frequencies (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/215 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 1/215 |
· · | using ferromagnetic material [3]

|  | H01P 1/217 |
· · · | the ferromagnetic material acting as a tuning element in resonators [3]

|  | H01P 1/218 |
· · · | the ferromagnetic material acting as a frequency selective coupling element, e.g. YIG-filters [3]

|  | H01P 1/219 |
· · | Evanescent mode filters [3]

|  | H01P 1/22 |
· | Attenuating devices (dissipative terminating devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/26)

|  | H01P 1/23 |
· · | using ferromagnetic material [3]

|  | H01P 1/24 |
· | Terminating devices

|  | H01P 1/26 |
· · | Dissipative terminations

|  | H01P 1/28 |
· · | Short-circuiting plungers (coupling devices with variable coupling factor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/04)

|  | H01P 1/30 |
· | for compensation of, or protection against, temperature or moisture effects

|  | H01P 1/32 |
· | Non-reciprocal transmission devices (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/02-H01P 1/30 take precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 1/36 |
· · | Isolators [2,3]

|  | H01P 1/365 |
· · · | Resonance absorption isolators [3]

|  | H01P 1/37 |
· · · | Field displacement isolators [3]

|  | H01P 1/375 |
· · · | using Faraday rotators [3]

|  | H01P 1/38 |
· · | Circulators [2,3]

|  | H01P 1/383 |
· · · | Junction circulators, e.g. Y-circulators [3]

|  | H01P 1/387 |
· · · · | Strip line circulators [3]

|  | H01P 1/39 |
· · · · | Hollow waveguide circulators [3]

|  | H01P 1/393 |
· · · | using Faraday rotators [3]

|  | H01P 1/397 |
· · · | using non-reciprocal phase shifters (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/393 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 3/00 |
Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type

|  | H01P 3/02 |
· | with two longitudinal conductors

|  | H01P 3/04 |
· · | Lines formed as Lecher wire pairs

|  | H01P 3/06 |
· · | Coaxial lines (not suitable for handling frequencies considerably beyond the audio range Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01B 11/18)

|  | H01P 3/08 |
· · | Microstrips; Strip lines

|  | H01P 3/10 |
· | Wire waveguides, i.e. with a single solid longitudinal conductor

|  | H01P 3/12 |
· | Hollow waveguides (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 3/20 takes precedence)

|  | H01P 3/123 |
· · | with a complex or stepped cross-section, e.g. ridged or grooved waveguides (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 3/14 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 3/127 |
· · | with a circular, elliptic, or parabolic cross-section [3]

|  | H01P 3/13 |
· · | specially adapted for transmission of the TE01circular-electric mode [2]

|  | H01P 3/14 |
· · | flexible

|  | H01P 3/16 |
· | Dielectric waveguides, i.e. without a longitudinal conductor

|  | H01P 3/18 |
· | built-up from several layers to increase operating surface, i.e. alternately conductive and dielectric layers

|  | H01P 3/20 |
· | Quasi-optical arrangements for guiding a wave, e.g. focusing by dielectric lenses (quasi-optical devices in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01Q 15/00)

|  | H01P 5/00 |
Coupling devices of the waveguide type (non-reciprocal devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/32; for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the discharge in transit-time tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/36)

|  | H01P 5/02 |
· | with invariable factor of coupling (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/12 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 5/04 |
· | with variable factor of coupling

|  | H01P 5/08 |
· | for linking dissimilar lines or devices (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 1/16, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/04 take precedence; linking lines of the same kind but with different dimensions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/02) [3]

|  | H01P 5/10 |
· · | for coupling balanced with unbalanced lines or devices

|  | H01P 5/103 |
· · · | Hollow-waveguide/coaxial-line transitions [3]

|  | H01P 5/107 |
· · · | Hollow-waveguide/strip-line transitions [3]

|  | H01P 5/12 |
· | Coupling devices having more than two ports (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01P 5/04 takes precedence) [3]

|  | H01P 5/16 |
· · | Conjugate devices, i.e. devices having at least one port decoupled from one other port [2]

|  | H01P 5/18 |
· · · | consisting of two coupled guides, e.g. directional couplers [2]

|  | H01P 5/19 |
· · · | of the junction type [3]

|  | H01P 5/20 |
· · · · | Magic-T junctions [2,3]

|  | H01P 5/22 |
· · · · | Hybrid ring junctions [2,3]

|  | H01P 7/00 |
Resonators of the waveguide type (structurally associated with transit-time tubes and interacting with the discharge therein Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/18; microwave heating devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B 6/64)

|  | H01P 7/02 |
· | Lecher resonators

|  | H01P 7/04 |
· | Coaxial resonators

|  | H01P 7/06 |
· | Cavity resonators

|  | H01P 7/08 |
· | Strip line resonators [3]

|  | H01P 7/10 |
· | Dielectric resonators [3]

|  | H01P 9/00 |
Delay lines of the waveguide type (structurally associated with transit-time tubes and interacting with the discharge therein Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01J 23/24)

|  | H01P 9/02 |
· | Helical lines

|  | H01P 9/04 |
· | Interdigital lines

|  | H01P 11/00 |
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type (manufacture of coaxial cables Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01B 13/00)