|  | C |
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY

|  | C |
Note(s) In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows: Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg Heavy metals: metals other than light metals Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens Metals: elements other than non-metals Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme. They must not be read as modifying in any way the elaborations. Section C covers: pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation; applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents; certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry; certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general; metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys. In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27. There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example: Certain extractive processes, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61K; The chemical purification of air, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61L; Chemical methods of fire-fighting, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62D; Chemical processes and apparatus, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01; Impregnation of wood, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27K; Chemical methods of analysis or testing, in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N; Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D. In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for: treatment of plants or animals, covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01N; foodstuffs, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23; ammunition or explosives, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F42. When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.

CHEMISTRY

|  | C09 |
DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS; MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS

|  | C09K |
MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE

|  | C09K |
Note(s) This subclass covers also the use of specified materials in general or their use for the applications not specifically provided for elsewhere. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "materials" includes compositions. [4]

|  | C09K 3/00 |
Materials not provided for elsewhere [2]

|  | C09K 3/10 |
· | for sealing or packing joints or covers (filling pastes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 5/34)

|  | C09K 3/12 |
· | for stopping leaks, e.g. in radiators, in tanks (filling pastes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 5/34)

|  | C09K 3/14 |
· | Anti-slip materials; Abrasives (manufacture of abrasive or friction articles or shaped materials, containing macromolecular substances Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C08J 5/14) [4]

|  | C09K 3/16 |
· | Anti-static materials [4]

|  | C09K 3/18 |
· | for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto (rendering particulate materials free flowing, in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01J 2/30); Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces (used in liquids for transfer of heat or producing temperature differences, e.g. radiator liquids, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 5/00) [4]

|  | C09K 3/20 |
· | as substitutes for glycerol in its non-chemical uses, e.g. as a base in toilet creams or ointments

|  | C09K 3/22 |
· | for dust-laying or dust-absorbing [4]

|  | C09K 3/24 |
· | for simulating ice or snow [4]

|  | C09K 3/30 |
· | for aerosols (aerosol containers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 83/14) [4]

|  | C09K 3/32 |
· | for treating liquid pollutants, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat (solid sorbent compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01J 20/00; for treatment of water, waste water or sewage Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C02F) [2]

|  | C09K 5/00 |
Materials for transfer of heat or for producing temperature differences other than by combustion [2]

|  | C09K 5/02 |
· | the heat effect being accompanied by a change of physical state [2]

|  | C09K 5/04 |
· · | the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice-versa [2]

|  | C09K 5/06 |
· · | the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice-versa [2]

|  | C09K 7/00 |
Well-drilling compositions [2]

|  | C09K 7/00 |
Note(s) In this group, compositions are classified according to their major constituent. [2]

|  | C09K 7/02 |
· | Aqueous fluids containing organic or inorganic compounds [2]

|  | C09K 7/04 |
· · | containing inorganic compounds only [2]

|  | C09K 7/06 |
· | Non-aqueous liquids, e.g. oil-based [2]

|  | C09K 7/08 |
· | Gaseous fluids [2]

|  | C09K 9/00 |
Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy adsorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy (photosensitive materials for photographic purposes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03C) [2]

|  | C09K 9/02 |
· | Organic tenebrescent materials [2]

|  | C09K 11/00 |
Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials [2]

|  | C09K 11/01 |
· | Recovery of luminescent materials [3]

|  | C09K 11/02 |
· | Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor [2]

|  | C09K 11/04 |
· | containing natural or artificial radioactive elements or unspecified radioactive elements [2]

|  | C09K 11/06 |
· | containing organic luminescent materials [2]

|  | C09K 11/07 |
· · | having chemically-interreactive components, e.g. reactive chemiluminescent compositions [3]

|  | C09K 11/08 |
· | containing inorganic luminescent materials [2]

|  | C09K 11/54 - C09K 11/89 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 11/54-C09K 11/89, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, materials are classified in the last appropriate place; however, activating constituents of the luminescent materials are disregarded for classification purposes. [4]

|  | C09K 11/54 |
· · | containing zinc or cadmium [4]

|  | C09K 11/55 |
· · | containing beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals or alkaline earth metals [4]

|  | C09K 11/56 |
· · | containing sulfur [4]

|  | C09K 11/57 |
· · | containing manganese or rhenium [4]

|  | C09K 11/58 |
· · | containing copper, silver or gold [4]

|  | C09K 11/59 |
· · | containing silicon [4]

|  | C09K 11/60 |
· · | containing iron, cobalt or nickel [4]

|  | C09K 11/61 |
· · | containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or unspecified halogen elements [4]

|  | C09K 11/62 |
· · | containing gallium, indium or thallium [4]

|  | C09K 11/63 |
· · | containing boron [4]

|  | C09K 11/64 |
· · | containing aluminium [4]

|  | C09K 11/65 |
· · | containing carbon (in organic compounds Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 11/06) [4]

|  | C09K 11/66 |
· · | containing germanium, tin or lead [4]

|  | C09K 11/67 |
· · | containing refractory metals [4]

|  | C09K 11/68 |
· · · | containing chromium, molybdenum or tungsten [4]

|  | C09K 11/69 |
· · · | containing vanadium [4]

|  | C09K 11/70 |
· · | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C09K 11/71 |
· · · | also containing alkaline earth metals [4]

|  | C09K 11/72 |
· · · | also containing halogen, e.g. halophosphates [4]

|  | C09K 11/73 |
· · · · | also containing alkaline earth metals [4]

|  | C09K 11/74 |
· · | containing arsenic, antimony or bismuth [4]

|  | C09K 11/75 |
· · · | containing antimony [4]

|  | C09K 11/76 |
· · · · | also containing phosphorus and halogen, e.g. halophosphates [4]

|  | C09K 11/77 |
· · | containing rare earth metals [4]

|  | C09K 11/78 |
· · · | containing oxygen [4]

|  | C09K 11/79 |
· · · | containing silicon [4]

|  | C09K 11/80 |
· · · | containing aluminium or gallium [4]

|  | C09K 11/81 |
· · · | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C09K 11/82 |
· · · | containing vanadium [4]

|  | C09K 11/83 |
· · · | containing vanadium and phosphorus [4]

|  | C09K 11/84 |
· · · | containing sulfur, e.g. oxysulfides [4]

|  | C09K 11/85 |
· · · | containing halogen [4]

|  | C09K 11/86 |
· · · | containing oxygen and halogen, e.g. oxyhalides [4]

|  | C09K 11/87 |
· · | containing platinum group metals [4]

|  | C09K 11/88 |
· · | containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements [4]

|  | C09K 11/89 |
· · | containing mercury [4]

|  | C09K 13/00 |
Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions (for glass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03C 15/00; for metallic material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23F, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23G 1/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25F 1/00) [2]

|  | C09K 13/02 - C09K 13/12 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 13/02-C09K 13/12, a composition is classified in the last appropriate place. [2]

|  | C09K 13/02 |
· | containing an alkali metal hydroxide [2]

|  | C09K 13/04 |
· | containing an inorganic acid [2]

|  | C09K 13/06 |
· · | with organic material [2]

|  | C09K 13/08 |
· · | containing a fluorine compound [2]

|  | C09K 13/10 |
· · | containing a boron compound [2]

|  | C09K 13/12 |
· | containing heavy metal salts in an amount of at least 50% of the non-solvent components [2]

|  | C09K 15/00 |
Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change (incorporated in foodstuffs Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A21D, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23; incorporated in macromolecular compositions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C08; incorporated in liquid fuels or lubricants Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10; incorporated in fats, fatty substances, fatty oils or waxes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C11B 5/00; incorporated in detergents Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C11D; corrosion inhibiting compositions for metallic material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23F 11/00; incorporated in pickling compositions for metallic materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23G) [4]

|  | C09K 15/02 - C09K 15/34 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 15/02-C09K 15/34, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, a composition is classified in the last appropriate place. [2] In this group, a metal salt of an organic compound is classified as that compound. [2]

|  | C09K 15/02 |
· | containing inorganic compounds [2]

|  | C09K 15/04 |
· | containing organic compounds [2]

|  | C09K 15/06 |
· · | containing oxygen [2]

|  | C09K 15/08 |
· · · | containing a phenol or quinone moiety [2]

|  | C09K 15/10 |
· · | containing sulfur [2]

|  | C09K 15/12 |
· · | containing sulfur and oxygen [2]

|  | C09K 15/14 |
· · · | containing a phenol or quinone moiety [2]

|  | C09K 15/16 |
· · | containing nitrogen [2]

|  | C09K 15/18 |
· · · | containing an amine or imine moiety [2]

|  | C09K 15/20 |
· · | containing nitrogen and oxygen [2]

|  | C09K 15/22 |
· · · | containing an amide or imide moiety [2]

|  | C09K 15/24 |
· · · | containing a phenol or quinone moiety [2]

|  | C09K 15/26 |
· · | containing nitrogen and sulfur [2]

|  | C09K 15/28 |
· · | containing nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur [2]

|  | C09K 15/30 |
· · | containing heterocyclic ring with at least one nitrogen atom as ring member [2]

|  | C09K 15/32 |
· · | containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal [2]

|  | C09K 15/34 |
· | containing plant or animal materials of unknown composition [2]

|  | C09K 17/00 |
Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials (fertilisers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C05; consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E02D 3/12; consolidating boreholes for oil or gas recovery Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B 33/00) [3]

|  | C09K 17/00 |
Note(s) This group covers mixtures of soil conditioning or soil-stabilising materials with fertilisers characterised by their soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising activity. [6] This group does not cover mixtures of soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising materials with fertilisers characterised by their fertilising activity which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C05G. [6] For the purpose of classification in this group, the presence of fertilisers in the composition is not taken into account. [6] In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 17/02-C09K 17/50, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, materials are classified in the last appropriate place. [6] In this group, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 101/00-C09K 109/00. The indexing codes should be unlinked. [6]

|  | C09K 17/02 |
· | containing inorganic compounds only [6]

|  | C09K 17/04 |
· · | applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as granules or gases [6]

|  | C09K 17/06 |
· · | Calcium compounds, e.g. lime [6]

|  | C09K 17/08 |
· · | Aluminium compounds, e.g. aluminium hydroxide [6]

|  | C09K 17/10 |
· · | Cements, e.g. Portland cement [6]

|  | C09K 17/12 |
· · | Water-soluble silicates, e.g. waterglass [6]

|  | C09K 17/14 |
· | containing organic compounds only [6]

|  | C09K 17/16 |
· · | applied in a physical form other than a solution or a grout, e.g. as platelets or granules [6]

|  | C09K 17/18 |
· · | Prepolymers; Macromolecular compounds [6]

|  | C09K 17/20 |
· · · | Vinyl polymers [6]

|  | C09K 17/22 |
· · · · | Polyacrylates; Polymethacrylates [6]

|  | C09K 17/24 |
· · · | Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones [6]

|  | C09K 17/26 |
· · · · | Phenol-aldehyde condensation polymers [6]

|  | C09K 17/28 |
· · · · | Urea-aldehyde condensation polymers [6]

|  | C09K 17/30 |
· · · | Polyisocyanates; Polyurethanes [6]

|  | C09K 17/32 |
· · · | of natural origin, e.g. cellulosic materials [6]

|  | C09K 17/34 |
· · · | Bituminous materials [6]

|  | C09K 17/36 |
· · | Compounds having one or more carbon-to-silicon linkages [6]

|  | C09K 17/38 |
· · · | Siloxanes [6]

|  | C09K 17/40 |
· | containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds [6]

|  | C09K 17/42 |
· · | Inorganic compounds mixed with organic active ingredients, e.g. accelerators [6]

|  | C09K 17/44 |
· · · | the inorganic compound being cement [6]

|  | C09K 17/46 |
· · · | the inorganic compound being a water-soluble silicate [6]

|  | C09K 17/48 |
· · | Organic compounds mixed with inorganic active ingredients, e.g. polymerisation catalysts [6]

|  | C09K 17/50 |
· · · | the organic compound being of natural origin, e.g. cellulose derivatives [6]

|  | C09K 17/52 |
· | Mulches [6]

|  | C09K 19/00 |
Liquid crystal materials [4]

|  | C09K 19/02 - C09K 19/60 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 19/02-C09K 19/60, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, materials are classified in the last appropriate place. [4] Mixtures containing two or more liquid crystal compounds covered individually by the same one of groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 19/04-C09K 19/40 are classified only in that group. [4] If liquid crystal components of the mixtures classified in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 19/42-C09K 19/50 are of interest as such, they are also classified according to the compounds in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 19/04-C09K 19/40. [4]

|  | C09K 19/02 |
· | characterised by optical, electrical or physical properties of the components, in general [4]

|  | C09K 19/04 |
· | characterised by the chemical structure of the liquid crystal components [4]

|  | C09K 19/06 |
· · | Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds [4]

|  | C09K 19/08 |
· · · | containing at least two non-condensed rings [4]

|  | C09K 19/10 |
· · · · | containing at least two benzene rings [4]

|  | C09K 19/12 |
· · · · · | at least two benzene rings directly linked, e.g. biphenyls [4]

|  | C09K 19/14 |
· · · · · | linked by a carbon chain [4]

|  | C09K 19/16 |
· · · · · · | the chain containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds, e.g. stilbenes [4]

|  | C09K 19/18 |
· · · · · · | the chain containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds, e.g. tolans [4]

|  | C09K 19/20 |
· · · · · | linked by a chain containing carbon and oxygen atoms as chain links, e.g. esters [4]

|  | C09K 19/22 |
· · · · · | linked by a chain containing carbon and nitrogen atoms as chain links, e.g. Schiff bases [4]

|  | C09K 19/24 |
· · · · · | linked by a chain containing nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds [4]

|  | C09K 19/26 |
· · · · · · | Azoxy compounds [4]

|  | C09K 19/28 |
· · · · · | linked by a chain containing carbon and sulfur atoms as chain links, e.g. thioesters [4]

|  | C09K 19/30 |
· · · · | containing saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic rings, e.g. cyclohexane rings [4]

|  | C09K 19/32 |
· · · | containing condensed ring systems, i.e. fused, bridged or spiro ring systems [4]

|  | C09K 19/34 |
· · · | containing at least one heterocyclic ring [4]

|  | C09K 19/36 |
· · | Steroidal liquid crystal compounds [4]

|  | C09K 19/38 |
· · | Polymers, e.g. polyamides [4]

|  | C09K 19/40 |
· · | containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, halogen, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur, e.g. silicon, metals [4]

|  | C09K 19/42 |
· · | Mixtures of liquid crystal compounds covered by two or more of the preceding groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 19/06-C09K 19/40 [4]

|  | C09K 19/44 |
· · · | containing compounds with benzene rings directly linked [4]

|  | C09K 19/46 |
· · · | containing esters [4]

|  | C09K 19/48 |
· · · | containing Schiff bases [4]

|  | C09K 19/50 |
· · · | containing steroidal liquid crystal compounds [4]

|  | C09K 19/52 |
· | characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives [4]

|  | C09K 19/54 |
· · | Additives having no specific mesophase [4]

|  | C09K 19/56 |
· · · | Aligning agents [4]

|  | C09K 19/58 |
· · | Dopants or charge transfer agents [4]

|  | C09K 19/60 |
· · | Pleochroic dyes [4]

|  | C09K 21/00 |
Fireproofing materials (for use in a particular application, see the relevant places, e.g. fireproofing of wood Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27K, of polymers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C08, of textiles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D06M, of paper Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21H; fireproof paints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 5/18) [4]

|  | C09K 21/02 - C09K 21/14 |
Note(s) In groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 21/02-C09K 21/14, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, materials are classified in the last appropriate place. [4]

|  | C09K 21/02 |
· | Inorganic materials [4]

|  | C09K 21/04 |
· · | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C09K 21/06 |
· | Organic materials [4]

|  | C09K 21/08 |
· · | containing halogen [4]

|  | C09K 21/10 |
· · | containing nitrogen [4]

|  | C09K 21/12 |
· · | containing phosphorus [4]

|  | C09K 21/14 |
· | Macromolecular materials [4]

|  | C09K 101/00 - C09K 109/00 |
Indexing scheme associated with group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 17/00, relating to the use or the intended effect of the soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising materials. The indexing codes should be unlinked. [6]

|  | C09K 101/00 - C09K 109/00 |
Note(s) Attention is drawn to Chapter IV of the Guide which sets forth the rules concerning the application and presentation of the different types of indexing code. [6]

|  | C09K 101/00 |
Agricultural use [6]

|  | C09K 103/00 |
Civil engineering use [6]

|  | C09K 105/00 |
Erosion prevention [6]

|  | C09K 107/00 |
Impermeabilisation [6]

|  | C09K 109/00 |
pH regulation [6]