|  | G |
SECTION G — PHYSICS

|  | G |
Note(s) In this section, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "variable" (as a noun) means a feature or property (e.g., a dimension, a physical condition such as temperature, a quality such as density or colour) which, in respect of a particular entity (e.g., an object, a quantity of a substance, a beam of light) and at a particular instant, is capable of being measured; the variable may change, so that its numerical expression may assume different values at different times, in different conditions or in individual cases, but may be constant in respect of a particular entity in certain conditions or for practical purposes (e.g., the length of a bar may be regarded as constant for many purposes). Attention is drawn to the definitions of terms or expressions used, appearing in the notes of several of the classes in this section, in particular those of "measuring" in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01 and "control" and "regulation" in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05. Classification in this section may present more difficulty than in other sections, because the distinction between different fields of use rests to a considerable extent on differences in the intention of the user rather than on any constructional differences or differences in the manner of use, and because the subjects dealt with are often in effect systems or combinations, which have features or parts in common, rather than "things", which are readily distinguishable as a whole. For example, information (e.g., a set of figures) may be displayed for the purpose of education or advertising (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09), for enabling the result of a measurement to be known (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01), for signalling the information to a distant point or for giving information which has been signalled from a distant point (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G08). The words used to describe the purpose depend on features that may be irrelevant to the form of the apparatus concerned, for example, such features as the desired effect on the person who sees the display, or whether the display is controlled from a remote point. Again, a device which responds to some change in a condition, e.g., in the pressure of a fluid, may be used, without modification of the device itself, to give information about the pressure (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01L) or about some other condition linked to the pressure (another subclass of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01, e.g., Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K for temperature), to make a record of the pressure or of its occurrence (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G07C), to give an alarm (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G08B), or to control another apparatus (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05). The classification scheme is intended to enable things of a similar nature (as indicated above) to be classified together. It is therefore particularly necessary for the real nature of any technical subject to be decided before it can be properly classified.

INSTRUMENTS

|  | G06 |
COMPUTING; CALCULATING; COUNTING (score computers for games Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A63B 71/06, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A63D 15/20, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A63F 1/18; combinations of writing implements with computing devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B43K 29/08)

|  | G06 |
Note(s) This class covers: simulators which are concerned with the mathematics of computing the existing or anticipated conditions within the real device or system; simulators which demonstrate, by means involving computing, the function of apparatus or of a system, if no provision exists elsewhere; image data processing or generation. This class does not cover: control functions derived from simulators, in general, which are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05, although such functions may be covered by the subclass of this class for the device controlled; measurement or analysis of an individual variable to serve as an input to a simulator, which is covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01; simulators regarded as teaching or training devices which is the case if they give perceptible sensations having a likeness to the sensations a student would experience in reality in response to actions taken by him. Such simulators are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09; components of simulators, if identical with real devices or machines, which are covered by the relevant subclass for these devices or machines (and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09). In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "data" is used as the synonym of "information". Therefore, the term "information" is not used in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06F; "calculating" or "computing" includes, inter alia, operations on numerical values and on data expressed in numerical form. Of these terms "computing" is used throughout the class; "computation" is derived from this interpretation of "computing". In the French language the term "calcul" will serve for either term; "simulator" is a device which may use the same time scale as the real device or operate on an expanded or compressed time scale. In interpreting this term models of real devices to reduced or expanded scales are not regarded as simulators; "record carrier" means a body, such as a cylinder, disc, card, tape, or wire, capable of permanently holding information, which can be read-off by a sensing element movable relative to the recorded information. Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of section G, especially as regards the definition of the term "variable".

|  | G06C |
DIGITAL COMPUTERS IN WHICH ALL THE COMPUTATION IS EFFECTED MECHANICALLY (score computers for card games Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A63F 1/18; construction of keys, printing mechanisms, or other parts of general application to the typewriting or printing art Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41; keys or printing mechanisms for special applications, see the relevant subclass, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05G, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06K; cash registers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G07G 1/00) [4]

|  | G06C |
Note(s) This subclass does not cover details of mechanisms covered by main groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 9/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 11/00 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/00, which are applicable to mechanical counters driven only through the lowest denomination. Such details are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06M.

|  | G06C |
Subclass index
MACHINES CHARACTERISED BY THEIR STRUCTURAL INTERCONNECTION | 27/00
FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTARY MECHANISMS |
Input; transfer; output; storage; computing | 7/00; 9/00; 11/00; 13/00; 15/00
AUXILIARY MECHANISMS OR ARRANGEMENTS |
Conversion; decimal-point; programming; driving; auxiliary arrangements | 17/00; 19/00; 21/00; 23/00; 25/00
NON-FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS: HOUSINGS, FRAMEWORKS | 5/00
COMBINATIONS OF COMPUTING MACHINES WITH OTHER MACHINES | 29/00
COMPUTING AIDS, OTHER THAN MACHINES | 1/00, 3/00

|  | G06C 1/00 |
Computing aids in which the computing members form at least part of the displayed result and are manipulated directly by hand, e.g. abacus, pocket adding device

|  | G06C 3/00 |
Arrangements for table look-up, e.g. menstruation table

|  | G06C 5/00 |
Non-functional elements

|  | G06C 5/02 |
· | Housings; Frameworks

|  | G06C 7/00 |
Input mechanisms (pin carriage Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 13/02)

|  | G06C 7/02 |
· | Keyboards

|  | G06C 7/04 |
· · | Interlocking devices, e.g. between keys (interlocking devices covered by this subclass, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 25/00)

|  | G06C 7/06 |
· · | with one set of keys for each denomination

|  | G06C 7/08 |
· · | with one set of keys for all denominations, e.g. ten-key board

|  | G06C 7/09 |
· | Transfer of data from record carrier to computing mechanisms (sensing record carriers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06K 7/00)

|  | G06C 7/10 |
· | Transfer mechanisms, e.g. transfer of a figure from a ten-key keyboard into the pin carriage

|  | G06C 7/12 |
· | Resetting devices, e.g. for the keyboard

|  | G06C 9/00 |
Transfer mechanisms, e.g. for transmitting figures from the input mechanism into the computing mechanism (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 7/10, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 11/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/00 take precedence)

|  | G06C 9/02 |
· | Back-transfer arrangements, e.g. to transfer a value accumulated in a register back into the selection mechanism

|  | G06C 11/00 |
Output mechanisms (marking record carriers in general, visual presentation in general of results of the mathematical operations Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06K)

|  | G06C 11/02 |
· | with visual indication, e.g. counter drum

|  | G06C 11/04 |
· | with printing mechanisms, e.g. for character-at-a-time or line-at-a-time printing

|  | G06C 11/06 |
· · | having type hammers

|  | G06C 11/08 |
· | with punching mechanism

|  | G06C 11/10 |
· | Arrangements for feeding single sheets or continuous web or tape, e.g. ejection device (conveying record carriers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06K 13/00); Line-spacing devices

|  | G06C 11/12 |
· · | for feeding tape

|  | G06C 13/00 |
Storage mechanisms (mechanical counters with input only to the lowest order Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06M; information storage in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G11)

|  | G06C 13/02 |
· | Operand stores, e.g. pin carriage (input mechanisms Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 7/00)

|  | G06C 13/04 |
· | Print buffer stores

|  | G06C 15/00 |
Computing mechanisms; Actuating devices therefor (mechanisms for operating automatically upon more than two numbers otherwise than by repeated addition or subtraction Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 21/00)

|  | G06C 15/02 - G06C 15/20 |
Note(s) Group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/02 takes precedence over groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/04-G06C 15/42.

|  | G06C 15/02 |
· | operating on the binary scale

|  | G06C 15/04 |
· | Adding or subtracting devices (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/08 takes precedence)

|  | G06C 15/06 |
· · | having balance totalising; Obtaining sub-total

|  | G06C 15/08 |
· | Multiplying or dividing devices; Devices for computing the exponent or root

|  | G06C 15/10 |
· · | having more than one denominational set of keys operating directly on computing mechanism

|  | G06C 15/12 |
· · | having pin carriage

|  | G06C 15/14 |
· · | having pin wheel, e.g. Odhner type

|  | G06C 15/16 |
· · | having stepped-toothed actuating drums, e.g. Thomas type

|  | G06C 15/18 |
· · | having multiplication table for forming partial products

|  | G06C 15/20 |
· · | adapted for short-cut multiplication or division [2]

|  | G06C 15/22 |
· | Arrangements for two or more computing devices; Arrangements for subdivision into two or more computing mechanisms, e.g. splitting

|  | G06C 15/24 |
· | Devices for counting the cycles of operation in division or multiplication (item-counting devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 25/02)

|  | G06C 15/26 |
· | Devices for transfer between orders, e.g. tens-transfer device

|  | G06C 15/28 |
· · | where transfer is effected in one step

|  | G06C 15/30 |
· · | where transfer is effected in two steps

|  | G06C 15/32 |
· · · | with provision for simultaneous transfer between all orders

|  | G06C 15/34 |
· · | where transfer is effected by planet gear, i.e. crawl type

|  | G06C 15/36 |
· · · | with aligning means

|  | G06C 15/38 |
· · | for pin-wheel computing mechanisms

|  | G06C 15/40 |
· · | for stepped-toothed-drum computing mechanism

|  | G06C 15/42 |
· | Devices for resetting to zero or other datum

|  | G06C 15/44 |
· | Devices for comparing numerical values, e.g. zero check

|  | G06C 15/46 |
· | Arrangements for rounding-off

|  | G06C 15/48 |
· | Arrangements for selection of one out of several counting registers (arrangements for controlling subsequent operating functions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 21/04; item counters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 25/02)

|  | G06C 17/00 |
Mechanisms for converting from one notational system to another, i.e. radix conversion

|  | G06C 19/00 |
Decimal-point mechanisms; Analogous mechanisms for non-decimal notations

|  | G06C 19/02 |
· | Devices for indicating the point

|  | G06C 19/04 |
· | Devices for printing the point

|  | G06C 21/00 |
Programming-mechanisms for determining the steps to be performed by the computing machine, e.g. when a key or certain keys are depressed (mechanisms merely for producing multiplication by repeated addition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/08)

|  | G06C 21/02 |
· | in which the operation of the mechanism is determined by the position of the carriage

|  | G06C 21/04 |
· | Conditional arrangements for controlling subsequent operating functions, e.g. control arrangement triggered by a function key and depending on the condition of the register (arrangements for selection of one out of several counting registers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/48)

|  | G06C 23/00 |
Driving mechanisms for functional elements

|  | G06C 23/02 - G06C 23/06 |
Note(s) Group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 23/08 takes precedence over groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 23/02-G06C 23/06.

|  | G06C 23/02 |
· | of main shaft

|  | G06C 23/04 |
· | of pin carriage, e.g. for step-by-step movement

|  | G06C 23/06 |
· | of tabulation devices, e.g. of carriage skip

|  | G06C 23/08 |
· | Hydraulic or pneumatic actuation

|  | G06C 25/00 |
Auxiliary functional arrangements, e.g. interlocks (interlocks in keyboards Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 7/04) [2]

|  | G06C 25/02 |
· | Item-counting devices (devices for counting the cycles of operation in division or multiplication Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06C 15/24)

|  | G06C 27/00 |
Computing machines characterised by the structural interrelation of their functional units, e.g. invoicing machines

|  | G06C 29/00 |
Combinations of computing machines with other machines, e.g. with typewriter, with money-changing apparatus