<titlePart> <text>SECTION F <emdash/> MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>LIGHTING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>HEATING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>WEAPONS</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>BLASTING</text> </titlePart> MACHINES positive displacement rotary or oscillating piston liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only reciprocating piston or other liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only non-positive displacement liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only ENGINES positive displacement rotary or oscillating piston liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only reciprocating piston or other liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only non-positive displacement liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only PUMPS positive displacement rotary or oscillating piston reciprocating piston or other non-positive displacement <titlePart> <text>LIGHTING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>HEATING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>STEAM GENERATION</text> <entryReference>chemical or physical apparatus for generating gases <sref ref="B01J"/></entryReference> <entryReference>chemical generation of gas, e.g. under pressure, Section C</entryReference> <entryReference>removal of combustion products or residues, e.g. cleaning of the combustion contaminated surfaces of tubes of boilers, <sref ref="F23J"/></entryReference> <entryReference>generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity <sref ref="F23R"/></entryReference> <entryReference>water heaters not for steam generation <sref ref="F24H"/>, <sref ref="F28"/></entryReference> <entryReference>cleaning of internal or external surfaces of heat-transfer conduits, e.g. water tubes of boilers, <sref ref="F28G"/></entryReference> </titlePart> In this class, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "steam" covers also other condensable vapours, e.g. mercury, diphenyl, diphenyl oxide. <titlePart> <text>PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>FEED-WATER SUPPLY</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>CIRCULATING WATER WITHIN BOILERS</text> <entryReference>chemical treatment of water, e.g. purification, <sref ref="C02F"/></entryReference> <entryReference>enclosed heat-exchange apparatus in general <sref ref="F28D"/></entryReference> <entryReference>controlling in general <sref ref="G05"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Feed-water heaters, e.g. preheaters</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with water tubes arranged in the boiler furnace, fire tubes, or flue ways</text> <entryReference>heat-exchange tubes in general <sref ref="F28F"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the tubes having plain outer surfaces, e.g. in vertical arrangement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in horizontal arrangement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the tubes having fins, ribs, gills, corrugations, or the like on their outer surfaces, e.g. in vertical arrangement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in horizontal arrangement</text> <entryReference>hollow fire-bars, grates, or the like used as water tubes <sref ref="F23H0003020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Control devices, e.g. for regulating steam temperature</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Safety or venting devices</text> <entryReference>safety devices for boilers in general <sref ref="F22B0037420000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with water tubes arranged otherwise than in the boiler furnace, fire tubes, or flue ways</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and heated indirectly</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and directly connected to boilers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and provided for rotary movement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with fire tubes or flue ways traversing feed-water vessels</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means, other than tubes, to separate water and heating medium, e.g. bulk heaters without internal flues or tubes, jacketted smoke-boxes or flues</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for direct heat transfer, e.g. by mixing water and steam</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with stages, steps, baffles, dishes, circular troughs, or other means to cause interrupted or cascading fall of water</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and returning condensate to boiler with main feed supply</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Water and air preheating systems</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Constructional features of water and air preheating systems</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Combinations of exhaust-steam and smoke-gas preheaters</text> <entryReference>for locomotives <sref ref="F22D0001420000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted for locomotives</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Smoke-gas preheaters</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Exhaust-steam preheaters</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Details</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water</text> <entryReference>de-aeration produced in the course of direct heat transfer <sref ref="F22D0001280000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>thermal de-aeration of water <u>per se</u><sref ref="B01D0019000000"/>, <sref ref="C02F0001200000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>valves for venting <sref ref="F16K0024040000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Accumulators for preheated water</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>arranged within combustion chambers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>combined with steam accumulators</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>directly connected to boilers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted for locomotives</text> <entryReference>locomotive boilers <sref ref="F22B0013060000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Control devices</text> <entryReference>controlling water feed to boilers, or water level <sref ref="F22D0005000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Controlling water feed or water level</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Automatic water feeding or water-level regulators</text> <entryReference>steam traps <sref ref="F16T"/></entryReference> <entryReference>measuring or indicating instruments <sref ref="G01"/></entryReference> <entryReference>for indicating water level <sref ref="G01F"/></entryReference> <entryReference>level control in general <sref ref="G05D0009000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with an intermediate compartment from which the water is fed by gravity after mechanically moving the compartment, the movement being controlled according to water level</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with pivoting buckets</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with receptacles external to, but in free communication with, the boilers and adapted to move up and down in accordance with change in water level</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with float-actuated valves</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and with pistons or membranes unitary with the feed inlet valves</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and with dipping tubes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>responsive to thermal expansion and contraction, e.g. of solid elements</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of fluids</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for varying the speed or delivery pressure of feed pumps</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>without floats</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with floats</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with electric switches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Automatic feed-control systems</text> <entryReference>automatic safety devices <sref ref="F22B0037420000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>controlling in general <sref ref="G05"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>responsive to amount of steam withdrawn</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>responsive to steam pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>responsive to both water level and amount of steam withdrawn or steam pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>influencing the speed or delivery pressure of the feed pumps</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Applications of valves</text> <entryReference>valves <u>per se</u><sref ref="F16K"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for feeding a number of steam boilers designed for different ranges of temperature and pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Auxiliary devices or apparatus for promoting water circulation</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Saddles or like directing plates fitted to furnace tubes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Injectors for water or steam</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Rotary devices, e.g. propellers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Arrangements of pumps, e.g. outside the boilers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>within the boilers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Control devices</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted for locomotive boilers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Arrangements of feed-water pumps</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F22D0011060000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>pumps <u>per se</u><sref ref="F04"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means to eliminate steam formation</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for returning condensate to boiler</text> </titlePart>