<titlePart> <text>SECTION F <emdash/> MECHANICAL ENGINEERING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>LIGHTING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>HEATING</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>WEAPONS</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>BLASTING</text> </titlePart> MACHINES positive displacement rotary or oscillating piston liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only reciprocating piston or other liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only non-positive displacement liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only ENGINES positive displacement rotary or oscillating piston liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only reciprocating piston or other liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only non-positive displacement liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid liquid only PUMPS positive displacement rotary or oscillating piston reciprocating piston or other non-positive displacement <titlePart> <text>ENGINEERING IN GENERAL</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>ENGINEERING ELEMENTS OR UNITS</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>CLUTCHES</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>BRAKES</text> </titlePart> Attention is drawn to the following places: , Clutches or brakes of harvesters or mowers for grass or cereals Clutches in dental machines for boring or cutting Drive couplings for metal-rolling mills Brakes specially adapted for presses Clutches specially adapted for presses Braking devices for ribbon-feed devices in selective printing mechanisms Arrangement or location of clutches in vehicles Brakes peculiar to rail vehicles Braking mechanisms for hand carts Braking mechanisms for children's carriages or perambulators Braking mechanisms for animal-drawn vehicles Cycle brakes Braking devices for lifting or hoisting gear Couplings for drilling rods Brakes for electric motors, generators, dynamo-electric converters Clutches for apparatus for transmission of coded digital information. COUPLINGS In general Yielding; impulse; slip ; ; With safety members Using a fluid as power-transmitting means , , CLUTCHES Mechanically actuated the members being in direct contact , , with separate members others; combinations ; details Non-mechanically actuated by fluid , magnetically actuated , electrically actuated , Using a fluid as power-transmitting means Freewheels, automatic , , Combinations , External control of clutches FREEWHEELS OR FREEWHEEL CLUTCHES , BRAKES Characterised by their function Using resistance of liquid or air Automatic With means for making available for use the energy absorbed Others Details , , Monitoring working conditions COMBINATIONS OF DIFFERENT DEVICES , <titlePart> <text>Couplings</text> <entryReference>fluid couplings <mref ref="F16D0031000000" endRef="F16D0039000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>couplings or joints specially adapted for deep-drilling rods or sucker rods <sref ref="E21B"/></entryReference> <entryReference>for transmitting motion through a wall without relatively-moving surfaces <sref ref="F16J0015500000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements</text> <entryReference>attachment of wheels to axles for railway carriages <sref ref="B60B"/></entryReference> <entryReference>for attachment of cranks to their shafts <sref ref="F16C0003100000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for connecting two abutting shafts or the like</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>non-disconnectable, e.g. involving gluing, welding or the like</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by clamping together two faces perpendicular to the axis of rotation, e.g. with bolted flanges</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clamping hub</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with hub and longitudinal key</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for attachment of a member on a shaft or on a shaft-end</text> <entryReference>attachment of marine propellers on shafts <sref ref="B63H0023340000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>non-disconnectable</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>involving gluing, welding or the like</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>involving plastic deformation</text> <entryReference>plastic welding <sref ref="F16D0001068000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by clamping together two faces perpendicular to the axis of rotation, e.g. with bolted flanges</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clamping hub</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with hub and longitudinal key</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with radial clamping due to axial loading of at least one pair of conical surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and comprising a chamber including a tapered piston moved axially by fluid pressure to effect clamping</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the pair of conical mating surfaces being provided on the coupled hub and shaft</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>using one or more elastic or segmented conical rings forming at least one of the conical surfaces, the rings being expanded or contracted to effect clamping</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0001091000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>using one or more pairs of elastic or segmented rings with mutually mating conical surfaces, one of the mating rings being contracted and the other being expanded</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clamping effected by ring contraction only</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the ring or rings being located between the shaft and the hub</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clamping effected by ring expansion only, e.g. with an expanded ring located between hub and shaft</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Quick-acting couplings in which the parts are connected by simply bringing them together axially</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>having retaining means rotating with the coupling and acting only by friction</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>having retaining means rotating with the coupling and acting by interengaging parts, i.e. positive coupling</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the interengaging parts comprising torque-transmitting surfaces, e.g. bayonet joints</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the interengaging parts including a continuous or interrupted circumferential groove in the surface of one of the coupling parts</text> <entryReference>circlips for retaining hubs on shafts <sref ref="F16B0021180000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>allowing adjustment of the parts about the axis</text> <entryReference>during motion <sref ref="F16D0003100000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive</text> <entryReference>couplings disconnectable simply by axial movement <sref ref="F16D0001100000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>slip couplings <sref ref="F16D0007000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>adapted to specific functions</text> <entryReference>universal joints, <u>see</u> the appropriate groups</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted to allow radial displacement, e.g. Oldham couplings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted to allow axial displacement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Couplings for intersecting shafts, provided with intermediate bars bent in an angle corresponding with the angle of intersection</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Couplings with means for varying the angular relationship of two coaxial shafts during motion</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted for accumulation of energy to absorb shocks or vibration</text> <entryReference>by making use of fluid elements <sref ref="F16D0003800000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>combined with a friction coupling for damping vibration or absorbing shock</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the coupling parts having slidably-interengaging teeth</text> </titlePart> In this group, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: "coupling parts" means the driving member and the driven member of the coupling, which are mounted on, and rotate as a unit with, the shafts or their equivalents between which the coupling is placed. An intermediate member interconnecting these parts is regarded as such an equivalent. <titlePart> <text>of resilient material or structure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0003180000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0003240000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the pins extending radially inwardly from the coupling part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the rolling members being located in sockets in one of the coupling parts</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts, e.g. Rzeppa joints</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the groove centre-lines on each coupling part lying on a sphere</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a cylinder co-axial with the respective coupling part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the joints being telescopic</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Prismatic coupling parts having each groove centre-line lying on planes parallel to the axis of the respective coupling part</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0003224000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0003226000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising balls, rollers, or the like, between overlapping driving faces, e.g. cogs, on both coupling parts</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Hooke's joints or other joints with an equivalent intermediate member to which each coupling part is pivotally or slideably connected</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0003180000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0003200000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with two or more intermediate members pivotally or slidably connected together, e.g. tongue-and-slipper type joints</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the interconnecting pivots include elastic members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the coupling is specially adapted to constant velocity-ratio</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by the provision of two intermediate members each having two relatively- perpendicular trunnions or bearings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with ball or roller bearings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>parts being connected by ridges, pins, balls, or the like guided in grooves or between cogs</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which each pivot between the coupling parts and the intermediate member comprises a single ball</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a single intermediate member with trunnions or bearings arranged on two axes perpendicular to one another</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0003360000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with intermediate member provided with two pairs of outwardly-directed trunnions on intersecting axes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with ball or roller bearings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with ring-shaped intermediate member provided with bearings or inwardly-directed trunnions</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with ball or roller bearings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the intermediate member being connected to the coupling parts by ridges, pins, balls, or the like guided in grooves or between cogs</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>each coupling part embracing grooves or ridges on the intermediate member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>one coupling part having pins arranged parallel to the axis and entering holes in the other coupling part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with the coupling parts connected by one or more intermediate members</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0003160000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising a continuous strip, spring, or the like engaging the coupling parts at a number of places</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Couplings comprising a chain or strip surrounding two wheels arranged side by side and provided with teeth or the equivalent</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising elastic metal lamellae, elastic rods, or the like, e.g. arranged radially or parallel to the axis, the members being shear-loaded collectively by the total load</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the intermediate members being made of rubber or like material</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising pushing or pulling links attached to both parts</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0003640000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the links or their attachments being elastic</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising elastic elements arranged between substantially-radial walls of both coupling parts</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the elements being metallic, e.g. in the form of coils</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the elements being made of rubber or similar material</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising elastic elements arranged in holes in one coupling part and surrounding pins on the other coupling part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with axially-spaced attachments to the coupling parts</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0003560000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the intermediate member or members being made of rubber or other flexible material</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as an elastic ring centered on the axis, surrounding a portion of one coupling part and surrounded by a sleeve of the other coupling part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the ring being metallic</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as an elastic disc or flat ring, arranged perpendicular to the axis of the coupling parts, different sets of spots of the disc or ring being attached to each coupling part, e.g. Hardy couplings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the disc or ring being metallic</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which a fluid is used</text> <entryReference>fluid couplings allowing continuous slip <mref ref="F16D0031000000" endRef="F16D0035000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a coupling element in the form of a pneumatic tube</text> <entryReference>similar clutches <sref ref="F16D0025040000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Shrouds, e.g. casings, covers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Sealing means specially adapted therefor</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Impulse couplings, i.e. couplings that alternately accelerate and decelerate the driven member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Slip couplings, e.g. slipping on overload, for absorbing shock</text> <entryReference>combined with yielding shaft couplings <sref ref="F16D0003140000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>fluid slip couplings <mref ref="F16D0031000000" endRef="F16D0035000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of the friction type</text> <entryReference>couplings in which overload initiates a decrease of coupling pressure or a disconnection, <u>see</u> the relevant groups for clutches</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of the ratchet type</text> <entryReference>similar gearings based on repeated accumulation and delivery of inertia-energy <sref ref="F16H0033080000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with intermediate balls or rollers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>moving axially between engagement and disengagement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>moving radially between engagement and disengagement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Couplings with safety member for disconnecting</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by thermal means, e.g. melting member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by tensile breaking</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by breaking due to shear stress</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>over a single area encircling the axis of rotation, e.g. shear necks on shafts</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0009100000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>having a part movable after disconnection so as to provide reconnection, e.g. advanceable shear pins</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches with mechanically-actuated clutching members</text> <entryReference>automatic clutches <mref ref="F16D0041000000" endRef="F16D0045000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>external control <sref ref="F16D0048000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches in which the members have interengaging parts</text> <entryReference>arrangements for synchronisation <sref ref="F16D0023020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>disengaged by a contact of a part mounted on the clutch with a stationarily-mounted member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members movable only axially</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members movable otherwise than only axially, e.g. rotatable keys</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>actuated by moving a non-rotating part axially (actuating-mechanisms in the relevant groups)</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members movable only axially</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members movable otherwise than only axially</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members movable only axially</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0011020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0011080000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members movable otherwise than only axially</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0011020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0011080000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Friction clutches</text> <entryReference>arrangements for synchronisation <sref ref="F16D0023020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>disengaged by the contact of a part mounted on the clutch with a stationarily-mounted member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means for actuating or keeping engaged by a force derived at least partially from one of the shafts to be connected</text> <entryReference>automatic clutches <sref ref="F16D0043000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members movable otherwise than only axially</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0013080000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0013120000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a helical band or equivalent member, which may be built-up from linked parts, with more than one turn embracing a drum or the like, with or without an additional clutch actuating the end of the band</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0013020000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>similar freewheel clutches <sref ref="F16D0041200000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>similar brakes <sref ref="F16D0049020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members co-operating with the periphery of a drum, a wheel-rim, or the like</text> <entryReference><mref ref="F16D0013020000" endRef="F16D0013080000"/> take precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>similar brakes <sref ref="F16D0049000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with an expansible band or coil co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0013020000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>similar brakes <sref ref="F16D0051020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with outwardly-movable clutching members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0013020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0013060000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0013120000"/> take precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>similar brakes <sref ref="F16D0051000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as radially-movable segments</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as linked or separately-pivoted segments</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members co-operating with both the periphery and the inner surface of a drum or wheel-rim</text> <entryReference>similar brakes <sref ref="F16D0053000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with axially-movable clutching members</text> <entryReference>similar brakes <sref ref="F16D0055000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with conical friction surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the or each axially-movable member is pressed exclusively against an axially-located member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means for increasing the effective force between the actuating sleeve or equivalent member and the pressure member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the clutching pressure is produced by springs only</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which two or more axially-movable members are pressed from one side towards an axially-located member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means for increasing the effective force between the actuating sleeve or equivalent member and the pressure member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the clutching pressure is produced by springs only</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with flat clutching surfaces, e.g. discs</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the or each axially-movable member is pressed exclusively against an axially-located member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means for increasing the effective force between the actuating sleeve or equivalent member and the pressure member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the clutching pressure is produced by springs only</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which two axially-movable members, of which one is attached to the driving side and the other to the driven side, are pressed from one side towards an axially-located member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means for increasing the effective force between the actuating sleeve or equivalent member and the pressure member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the clutching pressure is produced by springs only</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches with multiple lamellae</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means for increasing the effective force between the actuating sleeve or equivalent member and the pressure member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the clutching pressure is produced by springs only</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Details</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutching elements</text> <entryReference>friction lining or attachment thereof <sref ref="F16D0069000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch-bands</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch-shoes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch-drums</text> <entryReference>brake-bands, brake-shoes, brake-drums <sref ref="F16D0065000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch-plates</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch-lamellae</text> <entryReference>brake-plates, brake-lamellae <sref ref="F16D0065120000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of conical shape</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Attachments of plates or lamellae to their supports</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Arrangements for spreading lamellae in released state</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Pressure members, e.g. pressure plates, for clutch-plates or lamellae</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Guiding arrangements for pressure members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the clutching pressure is produced by springs only</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Features relating to cooling</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Features relating to lubrication</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Features relating to adjustment, e.g. slack adjusters</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted to incorporate with other transmission parts, i.e. at least one of the clutch parts also having another function, e.g. being the disc of a pulley</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches with wedging balls or rollers or with other wedgeable separate clutching members</text> <entryReference>freewheels, freewheel clutches <sref ref="F16D0041000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches in which the drive is transmitted solely by virtue of the eccentricity of the contacting surfaces of clutch members which fit one around the other</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches with mechanically-actuated clutching members not otherwise provided for</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Systems comprising a plurality of mechanically-actuated clutches</text> <entryReference>for synchronisation <sref ref="F16D0023040000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for interconnecting three or more shafts or other transmission members in different ways</text> <entryReference>in endless-track vehicles <sref ref="B62D"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a shaft carrying a number of rotatable transmission members, e.g. gears, each of which can be connected to the shaft by a clutching member or members between the shaft and the hub of the transmission member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>at least two driving shafts or two driven shafts being concentric</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Serially-arranged clutches interconnecting two shafts only when all the clutches are engaged</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0013080000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0013120000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Details of mechanically-actuated clutches not specific for one distinct type</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Arrangements for synchronisation, also for power-operated clutches</text> <entryReference>shape or mounting of interengaging parts of clutch members to facilitate engagement <sref ref="F16D0011080000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with an additional friction cluch</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and a blocking mechanism preventing the engagement of the main clutch prior to synchronisation</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a blocking mechanism that only releases the clutching member on synchronisation</text> <entryReference>in combination with an additional friction clutch <sref ref="F16D0023060000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>automatically producing the engagement of the clutch when the clutch members are moving at the same speed</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Indicating synchronisation</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Mechanical clutch-actuating mechanisms arranged outside the clutch as such</text> <entryReference>specific for combined clutches <sref ref="F16D0021000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>mechanisms specific for synchronisation <sref ref="F16D0023020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch-actuating sleeves</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Actuating members directly connected to clutch-actuating sleeves</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches actuated non-mechanically</text> <entryReference>arrangements for synchronisation <sref ref="F16D0023020000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>fluid clutches <mref ref="F16D0031000000" endRef="F16D0039000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>automatic clutches <mref ref="F16D0041000000" endRef="F16D0045000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>external control <sref ref="F16D0048000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>dynamo-electric clutches <sref ref="H02K0049000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>clutches using electrostatic attraction <sref ref="H02N0013000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Fluid-actuated clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with means for actuating or keeping engaged by a force derived at least partially from one of the shafts to be connected</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the fluid actuates an elastic clutching member, e.g. a diaphragm or a pneumatic tube</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0025020000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>coupling using a pneumatic tube <sref ref="F16D0003820000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the fluid actuates a piston incorporated in the clutch</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0025020000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the clutch having interengaging clutch members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the clutch having friction surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutch members exclusively moving axially</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with conical friction surfaces, e.g. cone clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the friction surface being grooved</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members having a movement which has at least a radial component</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with fluid-actuated member not rotating with a clutching member</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0025020000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches</text> <entryReference>arrangements or mounting of clutches in vehicles <sref ref="B60K0017000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Details not specific to one of the before-mentioned types</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Magnetically-actuated clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Control or electric circuits therefor</text> <entryReference>clutches with magnetisable particles <sref ref="F16D0037020000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>circuits for external control <sref ref="F16D0048000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with permanent magnets</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with electromagnets incorporated in the clutch, i.e. with collecting rings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with axially-movable friction surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with friction surfaces arranged within the flux</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Constructional features of clutch-plates or clutch-lamellae</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with friction surfaces arranged externally to the flux</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and with interengaging jaws or gear-teeth</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with an electromagnet not rotating with a clutching member, i.e. without collecting rings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with radially movable clutching members</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0027105000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a helical band or equivalent member co-operating with a cylindrical coupling surface</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with axially movable clutching members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with conical friction surfaces, e.g. cone clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with flat friction surfaces, e.g. discs</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with more than two discs, e.g. multiple lamellae</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with interengaging jaws or gear teeth</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch systems with a plurality of electromagnetically-actuated clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Details</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Electrically-actuated clutches</text> <entryReference>clutches actuated directly by means of an electromagnet <sref ref="F16D0027000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches or systems of clutches involving both fluid and magnetic or both fluid and electric actuation</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Couplings or clutches with a fluid or semifluid as power-transmitting means</text> <entryReference>fluid gearing <mref ref="F16H0039000000" endRef="F16H0049000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Fluid couplings or clutches with pumping sets of the volumetric type, i.e. in the case of liquid passing a predetermined volume per revolution</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>using pumps with pistons or plungers working in cylinders</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>using gear-pumps</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>using pumps of types differing from those before-mentioned</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Control of slip</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Rotary fluid couplings or clutches of the hydrokinetic type</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by changing the flow of the liquid in the working circuit, while maintaining a completely filled working circuit</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by altering the position of blades</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by changing the amount of liquid in the working circuit</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by devices incorporated in the fluid coupling, with or without remote control</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>consisting of controllable supply and discharge openings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled automatically by self-actuated valves</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>consisting of shiftable or adjustable scoops</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means arranged externally of the coupling or clutch</text> <entryReference>mounting of such means in vehicles <sref ref="B60K0023000000"/>, e.g. <sref ref="B60K0023020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Details</text> <entryReference>applicable also to fluid gearing <sref ref="F16H0041240000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Shape of wheels, blades, or channels with respect to function</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Fluid clutches in which the clutching is predominantly obtained by fluid adhesion</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0037000000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with rotary working chambers and rotary reservoirs, e.g. in one coupling part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutches in which the drive is transmitted through a medium consisting of small particles, e.g. centrifugally speed-responsive</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the particles being magnetisable</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Combinations of couplings according to two or more of the groups <mref ref="F16D0031000000" endRef="F16D0037000000"/></text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Freewheels or freewheel clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Automatic clutches</text> <entryReference><mref ref="F16D0031000000" endRef="F16D0039000000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Freewheels or freewheel clutches</text> <entryReference>cycle brakes controlled by back-pedalling <sref ref="B62L0005000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>disengaged by contact of a part of or on the freewheel or freewheel clutch with a stationarily-mounted member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>combined with a clutch for locking the driving and driven members</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0041240000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with intermediate wedging coupling members between an inner and an outer surface</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0041240000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the intermediate members wedging by movement having an axial component</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the intermediate members wedging by moving along the inner and the outer surface without pivoting or rolling, e.g. sliding wedges</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041061000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the intermediate members wedging by rolling and having a circular cross-section, e.g. balls</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041061000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>all members having the same size and only one of the two surfaces being cylindrical</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>and the members being distributed by a separate cage encircling the axis of rotation</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the intermediate members wedging by pivoting or rocking, e.g. sprags</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041061000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>between two cylindrical surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with provision for altering the freewheeling action</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with self-actuated reversing</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0041240000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the effective stroke of the pawl being adjustable</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the action being reversible</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with non-hinged detent</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0041240000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with expandable or contractable clamping ring or band</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0041240000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching ring or disc axially shifted as a result of lost motion between actuating members</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0041020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0041240000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>specially adapted for cycles</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with provision for altering the action</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with intermediate wedging coupling members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with hinged pawl co-operating with teeth, cogs, or the like</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with non-hinged detent</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with expandable or contractable clamping ring or band</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching ring or disc axially shifted as a result of lost motion between actuating members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Internally controlled automatic clutches</text> <entryReference>varying the relationship between two coaxial shafts <sref ref="F16D0003100000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>freewheels, freewheel clutches <sref ref="F16D0041000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>external control of clutches <sref ref="F16D0048000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>actuated entirely mechanically</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by angular speed</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0043240000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>clutches in which the drive is transmitted through a medium consisting of small particles <sref ref="F16D0037000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with centrifugal masses actuating axially a movable pressure ring or the like</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the pressure ring actuating friction plates, cones, or similar axially-movable friction surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the carrier of the centrifugal masses can be stopped</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the centrifugal masses acting directly on the pressure ring, no other actuating mechanism for the pressure ring being provided</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the centrifugal masses acting on, or forming a part of, an actuating mechanism by which the pressure ring can also be actuated independently of the masses</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with centrifugal masses actuating the clutching members directly in a direction which has at least a radial component</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with centrifugal masses themselves being the clutching members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with clutching members having interengaging parts</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with friction clutching members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by torque, e.g. overload-release clutches, slip-clutches with means by which torque varies the clutching pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of the ratchet type</text> <entryReference>slip couplings of the ratchet type <sref ref="F16D0007040000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with intermediate balls or rollers</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>moving axially between engagement and disengagement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>moving radially between engagement and disengagement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with friction members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by both speed and torque</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by acceleration or deceleration of angular speed</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by thermo-responsive elements</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>acting at definite angular position or disengaging after a definite number of rotations</text> <entryReference>actuating by means of stationary abutment <sref ref="F16D0011020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0013020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0015000000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>control of change-speed or reversing-gearings conveying rotary motion <mref ref="F16H0059000000" endRef="F16H0063000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>actuated by fluid pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by angular speed</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>controlled by torque</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Systems of a plurality of automatic clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Freewheels or freewheel clutches combined with automatic clutches</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Systems of clutches, or clutches and couplings, comprising devices of types grouped under at least two of the following sets of groups: <mref ref="F16D0001000000" endRef="F16D0009000000"/></text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text> <mref ref="F16D0011000000" endRef="F16D0023000000"/> </text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text> <mref ref="F16D0025000000" endRef="F16D0029000000"/> </text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text> <mref ref="F16D0031000000" endRef="F16D0039000000"/> </text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text> <mref ref="F16D0041000000" endRef="F16D0045000000"/> </text> <entryReference>freewheels combined with a clutch to lock the driving and driven members of the freewheel <sref ref="F16D0041040000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0041260000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of which at least one is a coupling</text> <entryReference>elastic attachment of clutch parts, <u>see</u> the relevant groups for clutches</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of which at least one is a freewheel</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0047020000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0047060000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>of which at least one is a clutch with a fluid or a semifluid as power-transmitting means</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>External control of clutches</text> </titlePart> This group does not cover actuation, which is covered by groups . <titlePart> <text>Control by fluid pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>providing power assistance</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Regulating clutch take-up on starting</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Preventing unintentional or unsafe engagement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Control of torque transfer between driven axles</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes</text> <entryReference>electrodynamic brake systems for vehicles in general <sref ref="B60L"/></entryReference> <entryReference>dynamo-electric brakes <sref ref="H02K"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with a braking member co-operating with the periphery of a drum, wheel-rim, or the like</text> <entryReference>similar clutches <sref ref="F16D0013100000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as a helical band or coil with more than one turn, with or without intensification of the braking force by the tension of the band or contracting member</text> <entryReference>similar clutches <sref ref="F16D0013080000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as an encircling band extending over approximately 360<degree/></text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> <entryReference>self-tightening <sref ref="F16D0049200000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as a fluid-filled flexible member actuated by variation of the fluid pressure</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with two brake-blocks</text> <entryReference>self-tightening <sref ref="F16D0049200000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with three or more brake-blocks</text> <entryReference>self-tightening <sref ref="F16D0049200000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Self-tightening brakes</text> <entryReference>with helical band or coil with more than one turn <sref ref="F16D0049020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with an auxiliary friction member initiating or increasing the action of the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with outwardly-movable braking members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like</text> <entryReference>similar clutches <sref ref="F16D0013140000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as one or more circumferential bands</text> <entryReference>similar clutches <sref ref="F16D0013120000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as an expansible fluid-filled flexible member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as exclusively radially-movable brake-shoes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>shaped as brake-shoes pivoted on a fixed or nearly-fixed axis</text> <entryReference>self-tightening <sref ref="F16D0051460000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with two brake-shoes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>extending in opposite directions from their pivots</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>both extending in the same direction from their pivots</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with three or more brake-shoes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>extending in opposite directions from their pivots</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>all extending in the same direction from their pivots</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Self-tightening brakes with pivoted brake-shoes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with two linked or directly-interacting brake-shoes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with three or more brake-shoes, at least two of them being linked or directly interacting</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with wedging action of a brake-shoe, e.g. the shoe entering as a wedge between the brake-drum and a stationary part</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>an actuated brake-shoe being carried along and thereby engaging a member for actuating another brake-shoe</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with braking members co-operating with both the periphery and the inner surface of a drum, wheel-rim, or the like</text> <entryReference>similar clutches <sref ref="F16D0013200000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes</text> <entryReference>similar clutches <sref ref="F16D0013380000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with axially-movable discs or pads pressed against axially-located rotating members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by moving discs or pads away from one another against radial walls of drums or cylinders</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>without self-tightening action</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Mechanically-actuated brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes actuated by a fluid-pressure device arranged in or on the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising an expansible fluid-filled flexible member coaxial with the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with self-tightening action, e.g. by means of coacting helical surfaces or balls and inclined surfaces</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>initiated by means of brake-bands or brake-shoes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Mechanically-actuated brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes actuated by a fluid-pressure device arranged in or on the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising an expansible fluid-filled flexible member coaxial with the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by clamping an axially-located rotating disc between movable braking members, e.g. movable brake discs or brake pads</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a common actuating member for the braking members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the braking members being brake pads</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the common actuating member is pivoted</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in which the common actuating member is moved axially</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>the axial movement being guided by one or more pins</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by two pins</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a separate actuating member for each side</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>without self-tightening action</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with only one rotating disc</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means of an intermediate leverage</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>actuated by a fluid-pressure device arranged in or on the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means of an intermediate leverage</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising an expansible fluid-filled flexible member coaxial with the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with a plurality of rotating discs all lying side by side</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means of an intermediate leverage</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>actuated by a fluid-pressure device arranged in or on the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means of an intermediate leverage</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising an expansible fluid-filled flexible member coaxial with the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with the rotating part consisting of both central plates and ring-shaped plates arranged concentrically around the central plates</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with self-tightening action</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with discs or pads having a small free angular travel relative to their support, which produces the self-tightening action</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with auxiliary friction members, which may be of different type, producing the self-tightening action</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Liquid-resistance brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Air-resistance brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with blades or like members braked by the fluid</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with blades causing a directed flow, e.g. Föttinger type</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising a pump circulating fluid, braking being effected by throttling of the circulation</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes with means for making the energy absorbed available for use</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0057000000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes not otherwise provided for</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups <mref ref="F16D0049000000" endRef="F16D0061000000"/></text> <entryReference>brakes with auxiliary members for self-tightening <sref ref="F16D0049220000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0051660000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0055500000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Parts or details</text> <entryReference>similar members for clutches <sref ref="F16D0013580000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Braking members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Mounting thereof</text> <entryReference>friction linings or attachment thereof <sref ref="F16D0069000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Bands, shoes or pads</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Pivots or supporting members therefor</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for externally-engaging brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for internally-engaging brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Pivots or supporting members therefor</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for axially-engaging brakes, e.g. disc brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Pivots or supporting members therefor</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Resilient means interposed between pads and supporting members</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Drums for externally- or internally-engaging brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Discs</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Drums for disc brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Actuating mechanisms for brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position</text> <entryReference>brake control systems, parts thereof <sref ref="B60T"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>arranged in or on the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>adapted for drawing members together</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising a fluid-pressure device</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>acting by electric or magnetic means</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>adapted for pressing members apart</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising a fluid-pressure device</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>in the form of a fluid-filled flexible member</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>acting by electric or magnetic means</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>arranged apart from the brake</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>acting mechanically</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>acting by fluid means</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>acting by electric or magnetic means</text> <entryReference>holding devices using electrostatic attraction <sref ref="H02N0013000000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>including a permanent magnet</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>acting by both fluid and electric means</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Slack adjusters</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>mechanical</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>non-automatic</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means of direct linear adjustment</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0065460000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0065480000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with screw-thread and nut</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with eccentric or helical body</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for angular adjustment of two concentric parts of the brake control system</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>self-acting in one direction for adjusting excessive play</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means of direct linear adjustment</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0065560000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0065580000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with screw-thread and nut</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with eccentric or helical body</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for angular adjustment of two concentric parts of the brake control system</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>self-acting in both directions for adjusting excessive and insufficient play</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>by means of direct linear adjustment</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0065660000"/>, <sref ref="F16D0065680000"/> take precedence</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with screw-thread and nut</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with eccentric or helical body</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for angular adjustment of two concentric parts of the brake control system</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>hydraulic</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>self-acting in one direction</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>self-acting in both directions</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Features relating to cooling</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for externally-engaging brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with open cooling system, e.g. cooled by air</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with closed cooling system</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for internally-engaging brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with open cooling system, e.g. cooled by air</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with closed cooling system</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>for disc brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with open cooling system, e.g. cooled by air</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>with closed cooling system</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Arrangements for monitoring working conditions, e.g. wear, temperature</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Apparatus for indicating wear</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Combinations of couplings and brakes</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Combinations of clutches and brakes</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0071000000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> <entryReference>combinations of couplings and clutches <sref ref="F16D0047020000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>conjoint control of brake systems and driveline clutches in vehicles <sref ref="B60W0010020000"/>, <sref ref="B60W0010180000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Clutch-brake combinations</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>fluid actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>electromagnetically actuated</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Friction linings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Attachment thereof</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Selection of coacting friction substances or surfaces</text> <entryReference>clutching elements <sref ref="F16D0013600000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>braking members <sref ref="F16D0065020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Composition of linings</text> <entryReference>chemical aspects, <u>see</u> the relevant classes</entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Attachment of linings</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>Mechanisms for bringing members to rest in a predetermined position</text> <entryReference>combined with, or controlling, clutches <sref ref="F16D0043260000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>means for initiating operation of brakes at a predetermined position <sref ref="F16D0065140000"/></entryReference> <entryReference>means for securing members after operation <sref ref="F16B0001020000"/></entryReference> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>comprising auxiliary means for producing the final movement</text> </titlePart> <titlePart> <text>providing for selection between a plurality of positions</text> <entryReference><sref ref="F16D0071020000"/> takes precedence</entryReference> </titlePart>