|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

LIGHTING; HEATING

|  | F28 |
HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL (heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 5/00; arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24F 13/30)

|  | F28 |
Note(s) In this class, the following expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "heat exchange" means the heating or cooling of a fluid or fluent solid by direct or indirect contact with a heated or cooled fluid or fluent solid; "heat transfer" means the heating or cooling of a fluid or fluent solid by direct contact with a heated or cooled surface or body. Apparatus using heat exchange or heat transfer (as defined in Note (1) above) for specific purposes is classified either in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28B or in the appropriate subclasses of, for example, classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F22, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F25, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F26, or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27; if no such other subclass is appropriate, such apparatus is classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28C or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28D.

|  | F28B |
STEAM OR VAPOUR CONDENSERS (condensation of vapours Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D 5/00; condensation during pretreatment of gases prior to electrostatic precipitation of dispersed particles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03C 3/014; steam engine plants having condensers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01K; liquefaction of gases Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F25J; details of heat-exchange or heat-transfer arrangements of general application Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F)

|  | F28C |
HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION (safety devices in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16P; fluid heaters having heat generating means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H; with an intermediate heat-transfer medium coming into direct contact with heat-exchange media Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28D 15/00-F28D 19/00; details of heat-exchange apparatus of general application Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F)

|  | F28D |
HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT (fluid heaters having heat generating means and heat transferring means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H; furnaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27; details of heat-exchange apparatus of general application Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F); HEAT STORAGE PLANTS OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL [4]

|  | F28D |
Subclass index
HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS WITHOUT INTERMEDIATE HEAT-TRANSFER MEDIA OR BODIES |
With stationary conduit assemblies |
for only one medium using: mass of fluid; trickle or film; the cooling effect of evaporation | 1/00; 3/00; 5/00
for both media: by tubular conduits; by plate-like conduits | 7/00; 9/00
With moving conduit assemblies | 11/00
With fluidised bed | 13/00
HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS WITH INTERMEDIATE HEAT-TRANSFER MEDIA OR BODIES |
With the intermediate medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls | 15/00
In which the intermediate medium or body is contacted successively by the other media | 17/00, 19/00
HEAT STORAGE PLANTS OR APPARATUS | 20/00
OTHER HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS | 21/00

|  | F28F |
DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (water or air traps, air venting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16)

|  | F28F |
Subclass index
DETAILS AND THEIR ARRANGEMENTS |
Elements for heat exchange or transfer and assemblies thereof |
tubular; plate-like; for movement; others | 1/00; 3/00; 5/00; 7/00
auxiliary supports for elements; sealing | 9/00; 11/00
Casings and header boxes | 9/00
Preventing deposits or corrosion | 17/00, 19/00
Special features of heat-exchange apparatus |
characterised by the selection of: constructional material; intermediate heat-exchange material | 21/00; 23/00
component parts of trickle coolers | 25/00
MODIFYING HEAT-TRANSFER; CONTROL OF APPARATUS | 13/00; 27/00

|  | F28G |
CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OF BOILERS (cleaning pipes or tubes in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02; devices or arrangements for removing water, minerals, or sludge from boilers while the boiler is in operation, or which remain in position while the boiler is in operation, or are specifically adapted to boilers without any other utility Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F22B 37/48; removal or treatment of combustion products or combustion residues Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23J; removing ice from heat-exchange apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F 17/00)

|  | F28G |
Subclass index
APPLIANCES FOR CLEANING: NON-ROTARY; ROTARY; OTHERS; DETAILS | 1/00; 3/00; 13/00; 15/00
CLEANING PROCESSES BY: DISTORTION; VIBRATION; FLUSHING OR WASHING; COMBUSTION; OTHERS | 5/00; 7/00; 9/00; 11/00; 13/00
COMBINATION OF PROCESSES | 13/00