In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows:
Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive
Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides
Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive
Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At
Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd
Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group
Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg
Heavy metals: metals other than light metals
Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni
Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens
Metals: elements other than non-metals
Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards
The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme. They must not be read as modifying in any way the elaborations.
Section C covers:
pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation;
applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents;
certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry;
certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general;
metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys.
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In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C.
In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27.
There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example:
Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D.
In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for:
When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.
Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals [2]
C25B 1/02
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of hydrogen or oxygen [2]
C25B 1/04
· ·
by electrolysis of water [2]
C25B 1/06
· · ·
in cells with flat or plate-like electrodes [2]
C25B 1/08
· · · ·
of the filter-press type [2]
C25B 1/10
· · ·
in diaphragm cells [2]
C25B 1/12
· · ·
in pressure cells [2]
C25B 1/13
·
of ozone [7]
C25B 1/14
·
of alkali metal compounds [2]
C25B 1/16
· ·
Hydroxides [2]
C25B 1/18
·
of alkaline earth metal compounds or magnesium compounds [2]
C25B 1/20
· ·
Hydroxides [2]
C25B 1/21
·
of manganese oxides [7]
C25B 1/22
·
of inorganic acids [2]
C25B 1/24
·
of halogens or compounds thereof [2]
C25B 1/26
· ·
Chlorine; Compounds thereof [2]
C25B 1/28
·
of per-compounds [2]
C25B 1/30
· ·
Peroxides [2]
C25B 1/32
· ·
Perborates [2]
C25B 1/34
·
Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, its oxyacids or salts [2]
C25B 1/36
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in mercury cathode cells [2]
C25B 1/38
· · ·
with vertical mercury cathode [2]
C25B 1/40
· · ·
with horizontal mercury cathode [2]
C25B 1/42
· · ·
Decomposition of amalgams [2]
C25B 1/44
· · · ·
with the aid of catalysts [2]
C25B 1/46
· ·
in diaphragm cells [2]
C25B 3/00
Electrolytic production of organic compounds [2]
C25B 3/02
·
by oxidation [2]
C25B 3/04
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by reduction [2]
C25B 3/06
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by halogenation [2]
C25B 3/08
· ·
by fluorination [2]
C25B 3/10
·
by coupling reactions, e.g. dimerisation [2]
C25B 3/12
·
of organo-metallic compounds [2]
C25B 5/00
Electrogenerative processes, i.e. processes for producing compounds in which simultaneously electricity is generated [2]
C25B 7/00
Electrophoretic production of compounds or non-metals (separation or purification of peptides, e.g. of proteins, by electrophoresis Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C07K 1/26) [2]
C25B 9/00
Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies [2,7]
C25B 9/02
·
Holders for electrodes [2]
C25B 9/04
·
Devices for current supply (electrical connections in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01R); Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections [2]
C25B 9/06
·
Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof [7]
C25B 9/08
· ·
with diaphragms [7]
C25B 9/10
· · ·
including an ion-exchange membrane in or on which electrode material is embedded [7]
C25B 9/12
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Cells or assemblies of cells comprising at least one movable electrode, e.g. rotary electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof [7]
C25B 9/14
· ·
Liquid electrodes, e.g. mercury electrodes [7]
C25B 9/16
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Cells or assemblies of cells comprising at least one electrode made of particles; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof [7]
Regulation of the inter-electrode distance (working of metal by the action of a high concentration of electric current Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23H) [2]
C25B 15/06
·
Detection or inhibition of short circuits in the cell [2]
C25B 15/08
·
Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes [2]