F
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  
ENGINEERING IN GENERAL
 F16
ENGINEERING ELEMENTS OR UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
 F16B
DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS, WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
 F16B

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to:

  1. the Note following group E04B 1/38;  [5]
  2. the following places:
    A44BBuckles, slide fasteners 
    A47G 3/00Ornamental heads for nails, screws, or the like 
    B42F 3/00Means, not using staples, for attaching sheets temporarily together 
    E01B 9/10Screws or bolts for railway sleepers 
    E01B 11/00Rail joints 
    E04Connections for building 
    E04D 13/08Clamping means for down pipes for roof drainage 
    E04G 5/04Fastening scaffolds against buildings 
    E04G 7/00Scaffolding couplings 
    E05CBolts or fasteners for wings, specially for doors or windows 
    F16C 29/10Locking bearings for parts moving only linearly 
    F16G 17/00Hooks as integral parts of chains 
    F16LPipe joints 
    F16L 3/00Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets 
    F16L 33/02Clips for connecting hoses to rigid members 
    H01F 7/00Magnetic holding devices 
    H02N 13/00Electrostatic holding devices. 

 F16B
Subclass index
TYPES OF FASTENING
By: clamping, wedging 2/00; 3/00
By: shrinking or force fit; sticking or pressing together; penetration of one member into a hole in another 4/00; 11/00; 17/00
Fastening of plates, strips, bars, or tubes together or to flat surfaces 5/00, 7/00, 9/00
For specific applications
for furniture 12/00
for fixing in walls 13/00
by screw-thread modified in view of tensile load 31/00
FASTENING MEANS
General
clamps; clips; wedges, keys 2/00; 3/00
dowels 13/00
other fastening means 1/00, 45/00, 47/00
Without screw-thread
nails, staples; bolts, pins, or rivets 15/00; 19/00
locking stud-and-socket fastenings against axial movement 21/00
With screw-thread
screws; bolts, break-bolts, nuts 25/00, 15/06, 27/00; 27/00, 31/00, 35/00, 37/00
features common to bolts and screws 23/00, 27/00, 33/00
deformation of nut or equivalent while fastening; locking of screws, bolts, or nuts 29/00; 39/00
Accessories for fastening means 41/00, 43/00

 F16C
SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OF CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS  [5]
 F16C

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "rotary bodies other than gearing elements" covers any element which rotates so far as its features are affected only by the fact that it rotates.
  2. Attention is drawn to the following places:
    A01B 71/04Bearings for agricultural machines 
    B21B 31/07Adaptation of roll bearings for metal-rolling mills 
    B23Q 1/25Bearings for movable or adjustable work or tool supports 
    B61C 17/10Connecting-rods, bearings for driving wheels of railway locomotives 
    B61F 15/00Axle-boxes for railway vehicles 
    B62K 21/06Bearings for steering heads 
    E06B 9/174, E06B 9/50Bearings specially adapted for roller shutters or for roller blinds 
    E21B 10/22Bearings for drill bits 
    F01C 21/02Arrangement of bearings in rotary-piston machines or engines 
    F01D 25/16Arrangement of bearings in non-positive displacement machines or engines 
    F02C 7/06Arrangement of bearings in gas-turbine plants 
    G01C 19/16Bearings for gyroscopes 
    G01D 11/02Bearings or suspensions for moving parts of measuring instruments 
    G01G 21/02Arrangements of bearings in weighing apparatus 
    G01R 1/10Arrangements of bearings in instruments for measuring electric variables 
    G01R 11/12Arrangements of bearings for apparatus for measuring time integral of electric power or current 
    G02C 5/22Hinges for spectacles 
    G04B 31/00Bearings for clockwork 
    H02N 15/00Magnetic levitation devices.  [5] 
 F16C
Subclass index
FLEXIBLE TRANSMISSIONS, SHAFTS, AXLES, CRANKS, ECCENTRICS 1/00, 3/00
CROSSHEADS, CONNECTING-RODS 5/00, 7/00, 9/00
PIVOTS 11/00
ROLLS, DRUMS, DISCS 13/00
BEARINGS
For rotatable parts 13/00, 17/00 - 27/00
For linearly-movable parts 29/00
For parts which both rotate and move linearly 31/00
For crankshafts or connecting- rods 9/00
Not otherwise provided for 32/00
Supports; parts or accessories 27/00, 35/00; 33/00, 41/00
Cooling; relieving load 37/00; 39/00
MAKING, ASSEMBLING 33/00, 43/00
CONSTRUCTION OF ROTATABLE BODIES TO RESIST CENTRIFUGAL FORCE 15/00

 F16D
COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES  [2]
 F16D

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the following places:
A01D 69/08A01D 69/10Clutches or brakes of harvesters or mowers for grass or cereals 
A61C 1/18Clutches in dental machines for boring or cutting 
B21B 35/14Drive couplings for metal-rolling mills 
B30B 15/10Brakes specially adapted for presses 
B30B 15/12Clutches specially adapted for presses 
B41J 33/52Braking devices for ribbon-feed devices in selective printing mechanisms 
B60K 17/00Arrangement or location of clutches in vehicles 
B61HBrakes peculiar to rail vehicles 
B62B 5/04Braking mechanisms for hand carts 
B62B 9/08Braking mechanisms for children's carriages or perambulators 
B62C 7/00Braking mechanisms for animal-drawn vehicles 
B62LCycle brakes 
B66D 5/00Braking devices for lifting or hoisting gear 
E21B 17/02Couplings for drilling rods 
H02P 3/04Brakes for electric motors, generators, dynamo-electric converters 
H04L 13/04Clutches for apparatus for transmission of coded digital information. 

 F16D
Subclass index
COUPLINGS
In general 1/00
Yielding; impulse; slip 3/00; 5/00; 7/00
With safety members 9/00
Using a fluid as power-transmitting means 31/00, 33/00, 39/00
CLUTCHES
Mechanically actuated
the members being in direct contact 11/00, 13/00, 17/00
with separate members 15/00
others; combinations 19/00; 21/00
details 23/00
Non-mechanically actuated
by fluid 25/00, 29/00
magnetically actuated 27/00, 29/00
electrically actuated 28/00, 29/00
Using a fluid as power-transmitting means 31/00 - 37/00
Freewheels, automatic 41/00, 43/00, 45/00
Combinations 45/00, 47/00
External control of clutches 48/00
FREEWHEELS OR FREEWHEEL CLUTCHES 41/00, 45/00
BRAKES
Characterised by their function 49/00 - 55/00
Using resistance of liquid or air 57/00
Automatic 59/00
With means for making available for use the energy absorbed 61/00
Others 63/00
Details 65/00, 69/00, 71/00
Monitoring working conditions 66/00
COMBINATIONS OF DIFFERENT DEVICES 47/00, 67/00

 F16F
SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
 F16F

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:
    • springs, shock-absorbers or vibration-dampers;
    • their arrangement in, or adaptation for, particular apparatus, if not provided for in the subclasses covering said apparatus.  [5]
  2. This subclass does not cover the arrangement or adaptation of springs, shock-absorbers or vibration-dampers in, or for, particular apparatus, if provided for in the subclasses concerning the said apparatus, e.g.
    A47C 23/00-A47C 27/00Spring mattresses 
    A63C 5/075Vibration dampers in skis 
    B60GVehicle suspensions 
    B60R 19/24Mounting of bumpers on vehicles 
    B61FRail vehicle suspensions 
    B61G 11/00Buffers for railway or tramway vehicles 
    B62D 21/15Vehicle chassis frames having impact absorbing means 
    B62J 1/02Resiliently mounted saddles on cycles 
    B62K 21/08Steering dampers 
    B63H 1/15Marine propellers having vibration-damping means 
    B63H 21/30Anti-vibration mounting of marine propulsion plant in ships 
    B64C 25/58Arrangement of shock-absorbers or springs in aeroplane alighting gear 
    B65D 81/02Containers, packing elements or packages with shock-absorbing means 
    D06F 37/20Resilient mountings in washing machines 
    D06F 49/06Resilient mountings in domestic spin-dryers 
    F03G 1/00Spring motors 
    F21V 15/04Resilient mounting of lighting devices 
    F41A 25/00Gun cradles to permit recoil 
    F41B 5/20Vibration dampers for archery bows 
    G01D 11/00Indicating or recording in connection with measuring 
    G01G 21/10Weighing apparatus, e.g. arrangement of shock-absorbers in weighing apparatus 
    G04BClocks, watches 
    G12B 3/08Damping of movements in instruments 
    G21C 7/20Disposition of shock-absorbing devices for displacable control elements in nuclear reactors. 
 F16F
Subclass index
SPRINGS
Friction type; fluid type; magnetic type 1/00, 3/00; 5/00, 9/00; 6/00
VIBRATION-DAMPERS OR SHOCK-ABSORBERS
Friction type; fluid type 7/00, 11/00; 9/00, 11/00
UNITS COMBINING SPRINGS AND VIBRATION-DAMPERS OR SHOCK-ABSORBERS 13/00
SUPPRESSION OF VIBRATION, BALANCING 15/00

 F16G
BELTS, CABLES, OR ROPES, PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR DRIVING PURPOSES; CHAINS; FITTINGS PREDOMINANTLY USED THEREFOR
 F16G

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the following places:
B63B 21/04Fastening equipment for chains, ropes or the like for ships 
B63B 21/20Adaptations of chains, ropes or the like for ships 
B65G 15/30Endless conveyer belts 
B65G 17/38B65G 19/20Traction chains for conveyers 
F16HGearings using flexible members 
F16H 9/24Chains specially adapted for gearings with variable ratio 
H05FPreventing or carrying-off electrostatic charges. 

 F16G
Subclass index
BELTS; BELT FASTENINGS 1/00, 5/00; 3/00, 7/00
CABLES OR ROPES; FASTENINGS THEREFOR 9/00; 11/00
CHAINS, CHAIN HOOKS 13/00, 15/00, 17/00

 F16H
GEARING
 F16H

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, sets of rigidly-connected members are regarded as single members.
  2. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used ith the meanings indicated:
    • "toothed gearing" includes worm gearing and other gearing involving at least one wheel or sector provided with teeth or the equivalent, except gearing with chains or toothed belts, which is treated as friction gearing;
    • "conveying motion" includes transmitting energy, and means that the applied and resultant motions are of the same kind, though they may differ in, e.g. speed, direction, extent;
    • "rotary" implies that the motion may continue indefinitely.
    • "oscillating" means moving about an axis to an extent which is limited by the construction of the gearing and which may exceed one revolution, the movement being alternately forwards and backwards during continued operation of the gearing;
    • "reciprocating" means moving substantially in a straight line, the movement being alternately forwards and backwards during continued operation of the gearing;
    • "reversing" or "reversal" means that an applied movement in one direction may produce a resultant movement in either of two opposed directions at will;
    • "central gears" includes any gears whose axis is the main axis of the gearing.
  3. Attention is drawn to the following places:
    A01D 69/06Gearings in harvesters or mowers 
    A63H 31/00Gearing for toys 
    B21B 35/12Toothed-wheel gearing for metal-rolling mills 
    B60KArrangement of transmissions in vehicles 
    B61C 9/00Transmissions for railway locomotives 
    B62D 3/00Vehicle steering gears 
    B62MTransmissions for cycles 
    B63H 23/00Transmissions for marine propulsion 
    B63H 25/00Marine steering gears 
    F01-F04Machines, engines, pumps 
    F15B 15/00Gearings associated with fluid-actuated devices 
    G01D 5/04Gearing used in indicating or recording apparatus in connection with measuring devices 
    H03J 1/00Driving arrangements for tuning resonant circuits 
    H04L 13/04Driving mechanisms for apparatus for transmission of coded digital information.  [5] 
 F16H
Subclass index
GEARINGS NOT LIMITED TO ROTARY MOTION
Mechanical gearings
using levers, links, or cams 21/00 - 25/00
using intermittently-driving members 27/00 - 31/00
other gearings; combinations of gearings 19/00, 33/00, 35/00; 37/00
details 51/00 - 57/00
Fluid gearing 43/00
GEARINGS FOR CONVEYING ROTARY MOTION
Toothed gearings 1/00, 3/00
Using endless flexible members 7/00, 9/00
Other friction gearing 13/00, 15/00
Fluid gearing 39/00, 41/00, 45/00
Using intermittently-driving gearing 29/00
CONTROL
of change-speed- or reversing-gearings conveying rotary motion 59/00 - 63/00
COMBINATIONS OF GEARINGS; DIFFERENTIAL GEARINGS; OTHER GEARINGS 47/00; 48/00; 49/00
GENERAL DETAILS OF GEARINGS 57/00

 F16J
PISTONS; CYLINDERS; PRESSURE VESSELS IN GENERAL; SEALINGS
 F16J

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the following places:
A47J 27/08Pressure cookers 
E04B 1/68Sealing building joints 
E05C 9/00Multi-point fastening of wings in general 
F01BMachines or engines in general or of reciprocating type, e.g. cylinders peculiar to steam engines F01B 31/28 
F02F 1/00Cylinders for combustion engines 
F02F 3/00Pistons for combustion engines 
F04D 29/08Sealings of non-positive displacement pumps 
F17B 1/04Sealing devices for sliding parts of gas holders of variable capacity 
F28F 9/04Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates of heat-exchangers. 

 F16J
Subclass index
PISTONS, TRUNK PISTONS, OR PLUNGERS; PISTON-RODS 1/00; 7/00
DIAPHRAGMS, BELLOWS, BELLOWS PISTONS; PISTON-RINGS 3/00; 9/00
CYLINDERS, HOLLOW BODIES 10/00
PRESSURE VESSELS; COVERS 12/00; 13/00
SEALINGS 15/00

 F16K
VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
 F16K

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class B81 and subclass B81B relating to "micro-structural devices" and "micro-structural systems". [7]
  2. Attention is drawn to the following places:
    A47J 27/09Safety devices for pressure cookers 
    A47J 31/46Dispensing spouts, drain valves or like beverage-making apparatus 
    A61B 5/0235Valves specially adapted for measuring pressure in heart or blood vessels 
    A61F 2/24Heart valves 
    A61M 16/20Valves specially adapted for medical respiratory devices 
    A61M 39/00Tube connectors, tube couplings, valves or branch units specially adapted for medical use in general 
    A62B 9/02Valves for respiratory apparatus 
    A62B 18/10Valves for breathing masks or helmets 
    A62CFire extinguishers 
    B05BNozzles, spray heads or other discharge apparatus for spraying or atomising 
    B60C 29/00Arrangements of tyre-inflating valves relative to tyres or wheel rims; Connection of valves to wheel rims, tyres or other inflatable elastic bodies 
    B60G 17/048Valves specially adapted for adjusting vehicle fluid-spring characteristics 
    B60TValves specially adapted for vehicle brake control systems 
    B62D 5/08Vehicle power-assisted steering characterised by the type of valve used 
    B63B 7/00, B63C 9/00Arrangement of inflating valves for floatable live-saving equipment 
    B65D 47/04Container closures with discharging valves 
    B65D 83/28, B65D 83/44Nozzles or valves specially adapted for aerosol containers 
    B65D 90/32Safety valves for large containers 
    B65D 90/54Gates or closures on large containers 
    B67C 3/28Flow control devices for bottling liquids 
    B67DDispensing, delivering or transferring liquids 
    E02B 8/00Details, e.g. valves, of barrages or weirs 
    E02B 13/02Closures for irrigation conduits 
    E03DFlushing valves for water-closets or urinals 
    E05F 3/12Valve arrangement in door closers 
    E21B 21/10Valve arrangements in drilling-fluid circulation systems 
    E21B 34/00Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells 
    F01B 25/10Working-fluid valves for controlling machines or engines in general or of positive-displacement type 
    F01D 17/10Final actuators for controlling non-positive displacement machines or engines 
    F01LCyclically operated valves for machines or engines 
    F02D 9/08Throttle valves for controlling combustion engines 
    F02K 9/58Propellant feed valves for rocket-engines 
    F02MCarburettors, fuel injection 
    F02M 59/46Valves for fuel injection pumps 
    F04Pumps 
    F16F 9/34Valves for shock absorbers 
    F16L 29/00, F16L 37/28Pipe joints or quick-acting couplings with fluid cut-off means 
    F16L 55/00Arrangement of valves in pipes 
    F16L 55/055Valves specially adapted to prevent or minimise the effect of water hammer 
    F16L 55/46Launching devices for pigs or moles 
    F16N 23/00Check valves for lubrication systems 
    F17C 13/04Arrangement of valves in pressure vessels 
    F22B 37/44Arrangement of safety valves on steam boilers 
    F22D 5/34Application of valves to automatic water-feed in boiler 
    F23L 13/00Valves for air supply control to burners 
    F23Q 2/173Valves for lighters with gaseous fuel and adjustable flame 
    F24C 3/12, F24C 5/16Arrangement of valves on stoves or ranges 
    F24FAir conditioning; Ventilation 
    F25B 41/04Disposition of fluid circulation valves in refrigeration machines 
    G05DControlling non-electric variables 
    G10B 3/06Valves for organs 
    G10D 9/04Valves for other wind-actuated musical instruments.  [5] 
 F16K
Subclass index
CONSTRUCTIONAL TYPES
Lift-valves, gate valves or sliding valves, taps, diaphragm cut-off apparatus 1/00 - 7/00
Multiple-way valves 11/00
Other constructional types of cut-off apparatus, arrangements for cutting off 13/00
FUNCTIONAL TYPES
Check valves; safety or equalising valves; arrangements for mixing fluids 15/00; 17/00; 11/00
Fluid-delivery valves; valves for preventing drip from nozzles 21/00; 23/00
For venting or aerating enclosures 24/00
DETAILS OR GENERAL MEANS
Handling or control 29/00, 31/00, 39/00, 43/00
Auxiliary means 47/00, 49/00
Safety 35/00, 37/00
Details: contact between valve members and seats, housings, floats, sealings 25/00, 27/00, 33/00, 41/00
Other details 51/00

 F16L
PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
 F16L

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "pipe" means a conduit of closed cross-section, which is specially adapted to convey fluids, materials or objects;
    • "hose" means a pipe, as defined above, which has flexibility as an essential characteristic.  [5]
  2. Attention is drawn to the following places:
    A61M 39/00Tube connectors, tube couplings or branch units, specially adapted for medical use 
    B05B 1/20Perforated pipes 
    B63B 35/03Pipe-laying vessels 
    B64D 39/04Adaptation of hose constructions for refuelling aircraft during flight 
    B67D 5/36Arrangements of hoses in apparatus for transferring liquids, e.g. fuel, from bulk to vehicles or portable containers 
    E01D 19/10Fastening of pipes or cables to bridges 
    E03BWater supply installations 
    E03D 11/17Means for connecting water-closet bowls to the flushing pipe 
    E03D 11/18Siphons for water-closets 
    E03F 3/04Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers 
    E04D 13/08Down pipes for roof drainage; Clamping means therefor 
    E04F 17/00Vertical ducts, channels in buildings, e.g. chimneys 
    E21F 1/04Air ducts for ventilation of mines or tunnels; Connections therefor 
    E21F 17/02Suspension devices for tubes or the like in mines or tunnels 
    F01NGas flow silencers or exhaust apparatus for machines or engines 
    F16N 21/00Conduits, junctions for lubrication systems 
    F17C 3/02Thermal insulation of vessels not under pressure for storing liquified or solidified gases, e.g. Dewar flask 
    F22B 37/10Water tubes of steam boilers 
    F23J 13/04Joints, connections for chimneys or flues 
    F24H 9/12Connecting circulation pipes to heaters 
    F28F 9/04Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates of heat-exchangers 
    G21C 15/22Structural association of coolant tubes with headers or other pipes in nuclear reactors 
    H02G 3/04Protective tubing or conduits for electric cables 
    H02G 3/30Installations of electric cables or lines on walls, floors or ceilings  [7] 
    H02G 3/36Installations of electric cables or lines in walls, floors or ceilings  [7] 
 F16L
Subclass index
LAYING OR RECLAIMING PIPES 1/00
SUPPORTING 3/00, 5/00, 7/00
PIPES 9/00, 11/00
PIPE JOINTS
Constructional kinds
non-disconnectable 13/00
screw-threaded 15/00
with separate joints: pressing member; sleeve or socket; flanged joints 19/00; 21/00; 23/00
bends or siphons 43/00
other joints 25/00
Functional kinds
with self-tightening sealings 17/00
adjustable or allowing movement 27/00
with fluid cut-off means 29/00
of quick-acting type 37/00
for double-walled or multi-channel pipes 39/00
branching pipes, joining pipes to walls 41/00
special for hoses 31/00, 33/00, 35/00
special for pipes: of plastics; of brittle material 47/00; 49/00
PIPING UNITS
Cleaning features 45/00
Compensation devices 51/00
Heating or cooling 53/00
Accessories 55/00
PROTECTION: AGAINST DAMAGE; CORROSION OR INCRUSTATION; THERMAL INSULATION 57/00; 58/00; 59/00

 F16M
FRAMES, CASINGS, OR BEDS, OF ENGINES OR OTHER MACHINES OR APPARATUS, NOT SPECIFIC TO AN ENGINE, MACHINE, OR APPARATUS PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; STANDS OR SUPPORTS
 F16M

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the following places:
B21B 31/02Metal-rolling stand frames 
G01D 11/30Supports specially adapted for indicating or recording instruments. 

 F16M
Subclass index
FRAMES, CASINGS, OR BEDS
Displaceable 3/00
For engines, machines, or apparatus 1/00, 5/00
Foundations; details 9/00; 7/00
STANDS OR SUPPORTS 11/00, 13/00

 F16N
LUBRICATING
 F16N

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the following places:
A01D 69/12Lubrication of harvesters or mowers 
B21J 3/00Lubricating during forging or pressing 
B25D 17/26Lubricating of portable power-driven percussive tools 
B60R 17/00Arrangements or adaptations of lubricating systems or devices in vehicles 
B61C 17/08Lubrication systems for railway locomotives 
B62D 55/092Vehicle endless-track units with lubrication means 
D04B 35/28Devices for lubricating knitting machine parts 
E05B 17/08Lubricating devices for locks 
E05D 11/02Lubricating arrangements for hinges 
E21B 10/22Lubricating details of roller drill bits for earth drilling. 

 F16N
Subclass index
MODIFICATIONS OF APPARATUS OR MACHINES TO ENSURE LUBRICATION 1/00
LUBRICATION DEVICES
Stationary; mobile; manual 7/00, 11/00; 9/00; 3/00, 5/00
Lubricating-pumps 13/00
Details: reservoirs; conduits; check valves 19/00; 21/00; 23/00
EQUIPMENT FOR DISTRIBUTION, PROPORTIONING, SAFETY, CONTROL, CLEANING 23/00 - 33/00
HANDLING OF LUBRICANTS, STORAGE 33/00 - 39/00
SPECIAL LUBRICATION 15/00, 17/00

 F16P
SAFETY DEVICES IN GENERAL
 F16P

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the following places:
A01D 75/18, A01D 75/20Harvesters or mowers  [7] 
A01F 21/00Threshing machines or baling presses 
B02C 23/04Crushing or disintegrating machines 
B21B 33/00Rolling of metal 
B21D 55/00Working sheet metal or tubes, rods or profiles without essentially removing material 
B23B 25/04Turning-machines 
B23Q 11/00Machine tools 
B24B 55/00Grinding or polishing machines 
B25D 17/10Portable power-driven percussive tools 
B25J 19/06Manipulators 
B26D 7/22Cutting machines 
B27G 19/00Wood saws 
B65B 57/00Packaging machines or apparatus 
B65G 43/00Conveyers 
B65H 26/00Web-advancing mechanisms 
B65H 63/00Handling or winding of thin or filamentary material 
D01G 31/00Treatment of fibres 
D01H 13/14Spinning or twisting 
D05B 83/00Sewing machines 
F21V 25/00Lighting devices. 


 F16S
CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS IN GENERAL; STRUCTURES BUILT-UP FROM SUCH ELEMENTS, IN GENERAL
 F16S

Note(s)

This subclass does not cover similar elements and structures, restricted to use in the building art, which are covered by subclass E04C.


 F16T
STEAM TRAPS OR LIKE APPARATUS FOR DRAINING-OFF LIQUIDS FROM ENCLOSURES PREDOMINANTLY CONTAINING GASES OR VAPOURS