C
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
 C

Note(s)

  1. In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows:

    Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr

    Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra

    Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive

    Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides

    Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive

    Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W

    Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At

    Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn

    Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd

    Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group

    Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg

    Heavy metals: metals other than light metals

    Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni

    Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens

    Metals: elements other than non-metals

    Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards

    The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme. They must not be read as modifying in any way the elaborations.
  2. Section C covers:
    1. pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation;
    2. applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents;
    3. certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry;
    4. certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general;
    5. metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys.
  3. -
    1. In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C.
    2. In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class C03 and not by class F27.
    3. There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example:
    4. In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for:
    5. When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.
  
CHEMISTRY
 C09
DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS; MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS
 C09C
TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES (preparation of inorganic compounds or non-metallic elements C01; treatment of materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone C04B 14/00, C04B 18/00, C04B 20/00); PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  [4]
 C09C

Note(s)

In this subclass, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, a compound is classified in the last appropriate place.

 C09C 1/00
Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers (luminescent or tenebrescent materials C09K); Preparation of carbon black
 C09C 1/02
·  Compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium
 C09C 1/04
·  Compounds of zinc
 C09C 1/06
·  ·  Lithopone
 C09C 1/08
·  ·  Zinc chromate
 C09C 1/10
·  Compounds of cadmium
 C09C 1/12
·  ·  Cadmium sulfoselenide
 C09C 1/14
·  Compounds of lead
 C09C 1/16
·  ·  White lead
 C09C 1/18
·  ·  Red lead
 C09C 1/20
·  ·  Lead chromate
 C09C 1/22
·  Compounds of iron
 C09C 1/24
·  ·  Oxides of iron
 C09C 1/26
·  ·  Iron blues
 C09C 1/28
·  Compounds of silicon
 C09C 1/30
·  ·  Silicic acid
 C09C 1/32
·  ·  Ultramarine
 C09C 1/34
·  Compounds of chromium
 C09C 1/36
·  Compounds of titanium
 C09C 1/38
·  Compounds of mercury
 C09C 1/40
·  Compounds of aluminium
 C09C 1/42
·  ·  Clays (preparatory treatment for clay-wares C04B 33/04)
 C09C 1/44
·  Carbon
 C09C 1/46
·  ·  Graphite (preparation of graphite C01B 31/04)
 C09C 1/48
·  ·  Carbon black
 C09C 1/50
·  ·  ·  Furnace black
 C09C 1/52
·  ·  ·  Channel black
 C09C 1/54
·  ·  ·  Acetylene black; thermal black
 C09C 1/56
·  ·  ·  Treatment of carbon black
 C09C 1/58
·  ·  ·  ·  Agglomerating, pelleting, or the like by wet methods
 C09C 1/60
·  ·  ·  ·  Agglomerating, pelleting, or the like by dry methods
 C09C 1/62
·  Metallic pigments or fillers (obtaining metal powder, see the relevant class for the method used, e.g. B22F 9/00, C21B 15/02, C22B 5/20, C25C 5/00)
 C09C 1/64
·  ·  Aluminium
 C09C 1/66
·  ·  Copper alloys, e.g. bronze
 C09C 1/68
·  Loose abrasive particles
 C09C 3/00
Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties (dyeing other macromolecular particles C08J 3/20; dyeing macromolecular fibres D06P)
 C09C 3/04
·  Physical treatment, e.g. grinding, treatment with ultrasonic vibrations  [2]
 C09C 3/06
·  Treatment with inorganic compounds  [2]
 C09C 3/08
·  Treatment with low-molecular-weight organic compounds  [2]
 C09C 3/10
·  Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds  [2]
 C09C 3/12
·  Treatment with organosilicon compounds  [2]