H
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY
 H

Note(s)

These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H.

  1. Section H covers:
    1. basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere);
    2. generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear;
    3. applied electricity, which covers:
      1. general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits;
      2. some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including:
        1. electric light sources, including lasers;
        2. electric X-ray technique;
        3. electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons;
    4. basic electronic circuits and their control;
    5. radio or electric communication technique;
    6. the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 57 to 59 of the Guide should be referred to.
  2. In this section, the following general rules apply:
    1. Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question;
    2. The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include:
      1. the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class A61;
      2. the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes B01 and B03 and in subclass B23K;
      3. the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B;
      4. the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass F23Q;
      5. the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself;
    3. All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a) above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself.
  3. In this section, the following special cases occur:
    1. Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses F24D or F24H or class F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in H05B which cover the same technical subjects;
    2. In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass H05B;
    3. In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class F21;
    4. As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

 H05
ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
 H05B
ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (apparatus for special application, see the relevant places, e.g. A47J, B21J, B21K, C21, C22, C23, F21, F24, F27)
 H05B

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to Note III following the Contents of Section of section H.  [3]

 H05B
Subclass index
HEATING
Produced by: resistance; electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields; discharge 3/00; 6/00; 7/00
Combined types 11/00
Details 1/00
LIGHTING
Light sources: arc; electro- luminescent 31/00; 33/00
Combined types 35/00
Circuit arrangements:
general 37/00
for incandescent lamps 39/00
for discharge lamps 41/00
other 43/00
 H05B 1/00 - 
H05B 11/00
Heating
 H05B 1/00
Details of electric heating devices
 H05B 1/02
·  Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to heating apparatus (control of temperature in general G05D 23/00; thermally-actuated switches H01H 37/00)
 H05B 3/00
Ohmic-resistance heating
 H05B 3/02
·  Details
 H05B 3/03
·  ·  Electrodes (electrothermic treatment of ores C22B 4/00)  [2]
 H05B 3/04
·  ·  Waterproof or air-tight seals for heaters
 H05B 3/06
·  ·  Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or with holders
 H05B 3/08
·  ·  ·  having electric connections specially adapted for high temperatures
 H05B 3/10
·  Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor (compositions per se, see the relevant subclasses)
 H05B 3/12
·  ·  characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
 H05B 3/14
·  ·  ·  the material being non-metallic
 H05B 3/16
·  ·  the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
 H05B 3/18
·  ·  the conductor being embedded in an insulating material
 H05B 3/20
·  Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater (H05B 3/62, H05B 3/68, H05B 3/78, H05B 3/84 take precedence)  [5]
 H05B 3/22
·  ·  non-flexible
 H05B 3/24
·  ·  ·  heating conductor being self-supporting
 H05B 3/26
·  ·  ·  heating conductor mounted on insulating base
 H05B 3/28
·  ·  ·  heating conductor embedded in insulating material
 H05B 3/30
·  ·  ·  ·  on or between metallic plates
 H05B 3/32
·  ·  ·  heating conductor mounted on insulators on a metallic frame
 H05B 3/34
·  ·  flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
 H05B 3/36
·  ·  ·  heating conductor embedded in insulating material
 H05B 3/38
·  ·  ·  ·  Powder conductors
 H05B 3/40
·  Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes (H05B 3/62, H05B 3/68, H05B 3/78 take precedence)
 H05B 3/42
·  ·  non-flexible
 H05B 3/44
·  ·  ·  heating conductor arranged within rods or tubes of insulating material
 H05B 3/46
·  ·  ·  heating conductor mounted on insulating base
 H05B 3/48
·  ·  ·  heating conductor embedded in insulating material
 H05B 3/50
·  ·  ·  ·  heating conductor arranged in metal tubes, the radiating surface having heat-conducting fins
 H05B 3/52
·  ·  ·  ·  Apparatus or processes for filling or compressing insulating material in tubes
 H05B 3/54
·  ·  flexible
 H05B 3/56
·  ·  ·  Heating cables
 H05B 3/58
·  ·  ·  Heating hoses; Heating collars
 H05B 3/60
·  Heating arrangements wherein the heating current flows through granular, powdered or fluid material, e.g. for salt-bath furnace, electrolytic heating (H05B 3/38 takes precedence)
 H05B 3/62
·  Heating elements specially adapted for furnaces (H05B 3/60 takes precedence; arrangements of such elements in furnaces F27, e.g. F27D 11/00)
 H05B 3/64
·  ·  using ribbon, rod, or wire heater
 H05B 3/66
·  ·  Supports or mountings for heaters on or in the wall or roof
 H05B 3/68
·  Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
 H05B 3/70 - 
H05B 3/74

Note(s)

Group H05B 3/76 takes precedence over groups H05B 3/70-H05B 3/74.  [2]

 H05B 3/70
·  ·  Plates of cast metal
 H05B 3/72
·  ·  Plates of sheet metal
 H05B 3/74
·  ·  Non-metallic plates
 H05B 3/76
·  ·  Plates with spirally-wound heating tubes
 H05B 3/78
·  Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
 H05B 3/80
·  ·  Portable immersion heaters
 H05B 3/82
·  ·  Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
 H05B 3/84
·  Heating arrangements specially adapted for transparent or reflecting areas, e.g. for demisting or de-icing windows, mirrors or vehicle windshields  [5]
 H05B 3/86
·  ·  the heating conductors being embedded in the transparent or reflecting material  [5]
 H05B 6/00
Heating by electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields (for therapeutic purposes A61N 5/00; joining of preformed parts by heating of plastics or substances in a plastic state B29C 65/02)  [3]
 H05B 6/02
·  Induction heating  [3]
 H05B 6/04
·  ·  Sources of current  [3]
 H05B 6/06
·  ·  Control, e.g. of temperature, of power  [3]
 H05B 6/08
·  ·  ·  using compensating or balancing arrangements  [3]
 H05B 6/10
·  ·  Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications  [3]
 H05B 6/12
·  ·  ·  Cooking devices  [3]
 H05B 6/14
·  ·  ·  Tools, e.g. nozzles, rollers, calenders  [3]
 H05B 6/16
·  ·  Furnaces having endless cores (H05B 6/34 takes precedence)  [3]
 H05B 6/18
·  ·  ·  having melting basin  [3]
 H05B 6/20
·  ·  ·  having melting channel only  [3]
 H05B 6/22
·  ·  Furnaces without an endless core (H05B 6/34 takes precedence)  [3]
 H05B 6/24
·  ·  ·  Crucible furnaces (H05B 6/30 takes precedence)  [3]
 H05B 6/26
·  ·  ·  ·  using vacuum or particular gas atmosphere  [3]
 H05B 6/28
·  ·  ·  ·  Protective systems  [3]
 H05B 6/30
·  ·  ·  Arrangements for remelting or zone melting  [3]
 H05B 6/32
·  ·  ·  Arrangements for simultaneous levitation and heating  [3]
 H05B 6/34
·  ·  Arrangements for circulation of melts  [3]
 H05B 6/36
·  ·  Coil arrangements  [3]
 H05B 6/38
·  ·  ·  specially adapted for fitting into hollow spaces of workpieces  [3]
 H05B 6/40
·  ·  ·  Establishing desired heat distribution, e.g. to heat particular parts of workpieces  [3]
 H05B 6/42
·  ·  ·  Cooling of coils  [3]
 H05B 6/44
·  ·  ·  having more than one coil or coil segment  [3]
 H05B 6/46
·  Dielectric heating (H05B 6/64 take precedence)  [3]
 H05B 6/48
·  ·  Circuits  [3]
 H05B 6/50
·  ·  ·  for monitoring or control  [3]
 H05B 6/52
·  ·  Feed lines  [3]
 H05B 6/54
·  ·  Electrodes  [3]
 H05B 6/56
·  ·  ·  Rolling electrodes  [3]
 H05B 6/58
·  ·  ·  "sewing machine" type  [3]
 H05B 6/60
·  ·  Arrangements for continuous movement of material  [3]
 H05B 6/62
·  ·  Apparatus for specific applications  [3]
 H05B 6/64
·  Heating using microwaves  [3]
 H05B 6/66
·  ·  Circuits  [3]
 H05B 6/68
·  ·  ·  for monitoring or control  [3]
 H05B 6/70
·  ·  Feed lines  [3]
 H05B 6/72
·  ·  Radiators or aerials  [3]
 H05B 6/74
·  ·  Mode transformers or mode stirrers  [3]
 H05B 6/76
·  ·  Prevention of microwave leakage, e.g. door sealings  [3]
 H05B 6/78
·  ·  Arrangements for continuous movement of material  [3]
 H05B 6/80
·  ·  Apparatus for specific applications (stoves or ranges F24C 7/02)  [3]
 H05B 7/00
Heating by electric discharge (electron beam or ion beam tubes for localised treatment of objects H01J 37/30; plasma torches H05H 1/26)
 H05B 7/02
·  Details
 H05B 7/06
·  ·  Electrodes
 H05B 7/07
·  ·  ·  designed to melt in use  [2]
 H05B 7/08
·  ·  ·  non-consumable  [2]
 H05B 7/085
·  ·  ·  ·  mainly consisting of carbon  [2]
 H05B 7/09
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  Self-baking electrodes  [2]
 H05B 7/10
·  ·  Mountings, supports, terminals, or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes  [2]
 H05B 7/101
·  ·  ·  Mountings, supports, or terminals at head of electrode, i.e. at the end remote from the arc  [2]
 H05B 7/102
·  ·  ·  ·  specially adapted for consumable electrodes  [2]
 H05B 7/103
·  ·  ·  Mountings, supports, or terminals with jaws (H05B 7/101 takes precedence)  [2]
 H05B 7/105
·  ·  ·  ·  comprising more than two jaws equally spaced along circumference, e.g. ring holders  [2]
 H05B 7/107
·  ·  ·  specially adapted for self-baking electrodes  [2]
 H05B 7/109
·  ·  ·  Feeding arrangements (H05B 7/107 takes precedence; where the electrode movement is a part of a closed loop for automatic control of power H05B 7/148)  [2]
 H05B 7/11
·  ·  Arrangements for conducting current to the electrode terminals (non-insulated conductors or conductive bodies in general H01B 5/00; insulated conductors or cables in general H01B 7/00)  [2]
 H05B 7/12
·  ·  Arrangements for cooling, sealing, or protecting electrodes  [2]
 H05B 7/14
·  ·  Arrangements or methods for connecting successive electrode sections  [2]
 H05B 7/144
·  ·  Power supplies specially adapted for heating by electric discharge; Automatic control of power, e.g. by positioning of electrodes (circuit arrangements for supplying electric power in general H02J)  [2]
 H05B 7/148
·  ·  ·  Automatic control of power (electrode feeding arrangements H05B 7/109; automatic feeding or moving of electrodes for spot or seam welding or cutting B23K 9/12; disposition of electrodes in or on furnaces F27D 11/10; control of position in general G05D 3/00; regulating electric characteristics of arcs in general G05F 1/02; regulating electric power in general G05F 1/66)  [2]
 H05B 7/152
·  ·  ·  ·  by electromechanical means for positioning of electrodes  [2]
 H05B 7/156
·  ·  ·  ·  by hydraulic or pneumatic means for positioning of electrodes  [2]
 H05B 7/16
·  Heating by glow discharge
 H05B 7/18
·  Heating by arc discharge
 H05B 7/20
·  ·  Direct heating by arc discharge, i.e. where at least one end of the arc directly acts on the material to be heated, including additional resistance heating by arc current flowing through the material to be heated  [2]
 H05B 7/22
·  ·  Indirect heating by arc discharge  [2]
 H05B 11/00
Heating by combined application of processes covered by two or more of groups H05B 3/00-H05B 7/00 (H05B 7/20 takes precedence)
 H05B 31/00 - 
H05B 43/00
Lighting
 H05B 31/00
Electric arc lamps (regulating electric characteristics of arcs G05F 1/02; with non-consumable electrodes H01J 61/00)
 H05B 31/02
·  Details
 H05B 31/04
·  ·  Housings
 H05B 31/06
·  ·  Electrodes
 H05B 31/08
·  ·  ·  Carbon electrodes
 H05B 31/10
·  ·  ·  ·  Cored carbon electrodes
 H05B 31/12
·  ·  ·  ·  Beck-effect electrodes
 H05B 31/14
·  ·  ·  Metal electrodes
 H05B 31/16
·  ·  ·  Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing electrodes
 H05B 31/18
·  ·  Mountings for electrodes; Electrode feeding devices
 H05B 31/20
·  ·  ·  Mechanical arrangements for feeding electrodes
 H05B 31/22
·  ·  ·  Electromagnetic arrangements for feeding electrodes
 H05B 31/24
·  ·  Cooling arrangements
 H05B 31/26
·  ·  Influencing the shape of arc discharge by gas blowing devices
 H05B 31/28
·  ·  Influencing the shape of arc discharge by magnetic means
 H05B 31/30
·  ·  Starting; Igniting
 H05B 31/32
·  ·  Switching-off
 H05B 31/34
·  ·  Indicating consumption of electrodes
 H05B 31/36
·  having two electrodes in line
 H05B 31/38
·  ·  specially adapted for ac
 H05B 31/40
·  having two electrodes at an angle
 H05B 31/42
·  ·  specially adapted for ac
 H05B 31/44
·  having two parallel electrodes
 H05B 31/46
·  ·  specially adapted for ac
 H05B 31/48
·  having more than two electrodes
 H05B 31/50
·  ·  specially adapted for ac
 H05B 31/52
·  ·  ·  electrodes energised from different phases of the supply
 H05B 33/00
Electroluminescent light sources (discharge lamps H01J 61/00-H01J 65/00; semi-conductor devices with at least one particular jump barrier or surface barrier adapted for light emission H01L 33/00; compositions per se, see the relevant subclasses)
 H05B 33/02
·  Details
 H05B 33/04
·  ·  Sealing arrangements
 H05B 33/06
·  ·  Electrode terminals
 H05B 33/08
·  ·  Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application
 H05B 33/10
·  Apparatus or processes specially adapted to the manufacture of electroluminescent light sources
 H05B 33/12
·  Light sources with substantially two-dimensional radiating surfaces
 H05B 33/14
·  ·  characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the electroluminescent material
 H05B 33/18
·  ·  characterised by the nature or concentration of the activator
 H05B 33/20
·  ·  characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of the material in which the electroluminescent material is embedded
 H05B 33/22
·  ·  characterised by the chemical or physical composition or the arrangement of auxiliary dielectric or reflective layers
 H05B 33/24
·  ·  ·  of metallic reflective layers (H05B 33/26 takes precedence)
 H05B 33/26
·  ·  characterised by the composition or arrangement of the conductive material used as an electrode
 H05B 33/28
·  ·  ·  of translucent electrodes
 H05B 35/00
Electric light sources using a combination of different types of light generation
 H05B 37/00
Circuit arrangements for electric light sources in general
 H05B 37/02
·  Controlling
 H05B 37/03
·  Detecting lamp failure
 H05B 37/04
·  ·  Circuits providing for substitution of the light source in case of its failure
 H05B 39/00
Circuit arrangements or apparatus for operating incandescent light sources and not adapted to a particular application
 H05B 39/02
·  Switching-on, e.g. with predetermined rate of increase of lighting current
 H05B 39/04
·  Controlling
 H05B 39/06
·  ·  Switching arrangements, e.g. from series operation to parallel operation
 H05B 39/08
·  ·  by shifting phase of trigger voltage applied to gas-filled controlling tubes
 H05B 39/09
·  in which the lamp is fed by pulses
 H05B 39/10
·  Circuits providing for substitution of the light source in case of its failure
 H05B 41/00
Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
 H05B 41/02
·  Details
 H05B 41/04
·  ·  Starting switches
 H05B 41/06
·  ·  ·  thermal only
 H05B 41/08
·  ·  ·  ·  heated by glow discharge
 H05B 41/10
·  ·  ·  magnetic only
 H05B 41/12
·  ·  ·  combined thermal and magnetic
 H05B 41/14
·  Circuit arrangements
 H05B 41/16
·  ·  in which the lamp is fed by dc or by low-frequency ac, e.g. by 50 cycles/sec ac (H05B 41/26 takes precedence)
 H05B 41/18
·  ·  ·  having a starting switch
 H05B 41/19
·  ·  ·  ·  for lamps having an auxiliary starting electrode
 H05B 41/20
·  ·  ·  having no starting switch
 H05B 41/22
·  ·  ·  ·  for lamps having an auxiliary starting electrode
 H05B 41/23
·  ·  ·  ·  for lamps not having an auxiliary starting electrode
 H05B 41/231
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  for high-pressure lamps
 H05B 41/232
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  for low-pressure lamps
 H05B 41/233
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  using resonance circuitry
 H05B 41/234
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  to eliminate stroboscopic effects, e.g. feeding two lamps with different phases
 H05B 41/24
·  ·  in which the lamp is fed by high-frequency ac (H05B 41/26 takes precedence)
 H05B 41/26
·  ·  in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
 H05B 41/28
·  ·  ·  using static converters
 H05B 41/282
·  ·  ·  ·  with semiconductor devices (H05B 41/288, H05B 41/295 take precedence)  [7]
 H05B 41/285
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions  [7]
 H05B 41/288
·  ·  ·  ·  with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps without preheating electrodes, e.g. for high-intensity discharge lamps, high-pressure mercury or sodium lamps or low-pressure sodium lamps  [7]
 H05B 41/29
( transferred to H05B 41/282-H05B 41/295 )
 H05B 41/292
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions  [7]
 H05B 41/295
·  ·  ·  ·  with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps  [7]
 H05B 41/298
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions  [7]
 H05B 41/30
·  ·  in which the lamp is fed by pulses, e.g. flash lamp
 H05B 41/32
·  ·  ·  for single flash operation
 H05B 41/34
·  ·  ·  to provide a sequence of flashes
 H05B 41/36
·  ·  Controlling
 H05B 41/38
·  ·  ·  Controlling the intensity of light
 H05B 41/39
·  ·  ·  ·  continuously
 H05B 41/391
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  using saturable magnetic devices
 H05B 41/392
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  using semiconductor devices, e.g. thyristor
 H05B 41/40
·  ·  ·  ·  discontinuously
 H05B 41/42
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  in two steps only
 H05B 41/44
·  ·  ·  for providing special optical effects, e.g. progressive motion of light
 H05B 41/46
·  ·  Circuits providing for substitution in case of failure of the lamp
 H05B 43/00
Circuit arrangements for light sources, not otherwise provided for (H05B 37/00 takes precedence)
 H05B 43/02
·  for light sources using a charge of combustible material