F
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  
LIGHTING; HEATING
 F23
COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
 F23

Note(s)

In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:

  • "combustion" means the direct combination of oxygen gas, e.g. in air, and a burnable substance. Any other heat-producing combination of chemical substances, e.g. hydrogen peroxide and methane, iron oxide and aluminium, is covered by section C or by subclass F24J;
  • "combustion chamber" means a chamber in which fuel is burned to establish a self-supporting fire or flame and which surrounds that fire or flame;
  • "burner" means a device by which fluent fuel is passed to a combustion space where it burns to produce a self-supporting flame;
  • "air" means a mixture of gases containing free oxygen and able to promote or support combustion.

 F23B
COMBUSTION APPARATUS USING ONLY SOLID FUEL (for lump and another kind of fuel simultaneously or alternatively F23C 1/00; fluidised bed combustion apparatus F23C 10/00; burning of low-grade fuel F23G; grates F23H; feeding solid fuel to combustion apparatus F23K; constructional details of combustion chambers not otherwise provided for F23M; domestic apparatus F24; central heating boilers F24D; package boilers F24H)
 F23B

Note(s)

This subclass covers only the combustion of lump fuel, or of pulverulent or granulated fuel if no use is made of its fluent nature.

 F23B
Subclass index
APPARATUS
Structural features 1/00
Portable or removable 3/00
Arrangements for burning uncombusted material 5/00
Other apparatus 7/00
COMBUSTION TECHNIQUES 7/00

 F23C
COMBUSTION APPARATUS USING FLUENT FUEL (combustion apparatus for solid fuel only F23B; burners F23D; constructional details of combustion chambers not otherwise provided for F23M; combustion chambers for generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R)
 F23C
Subclass index
APPARATUS
For burning two or more kinds of combustibles 1/00
Characterised by shape of combustion chamber; by two or more chambers 3/00; 6/00
With recycling of combustion products 9/00
For fluidised bed combustion 10/00
Other apparatus 11/00
MOUNTING, DISPOSITION OF BURNERS 5/00
AIR-SUPPLY ARRANGEMENTS 7/00

 F23D
BURNERS (generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R)
 F23D
Subclass index
BURNERS FOR PULVERULENT FUEL 1/00
BURNERS FOR COMBUSTION OF A LIQUID
Using capillary action 3/00
Using fuel evaporation; direct spraying action 5/00; 11/00
Using fuel impingement on a surface 7/00, 9/00
BURNERS FOR COMBUSTION OF A GAS 14/00
BURNERS FOR COMBUSTION OF GASEOUS OR LIQUID OR PULVERULENT FUEL 17/00
OTHER BURNERS 21/00
ASSEMBLIES OF TWO OR MORE BURNERS 23/00

 F23G
CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE BY COMBUSTION
 F23G

Note(s)

This subclass covers also the burning of low-grade fuel of solid, liquid, or gaseous nature.

 F23G
Subclass index
CREMATION FURNACES 1/00
CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
Incinerators
for use in buildings, for town, field or garden refuse 5/00
for industrial waste 7/00
Other apparatus for consuming industrial waste by combustion 7/00

 F23H
GRATES (inlets for fluidisation air for fluidised bed combustion apparatus F23C 10/20); CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
 F23H
Subclass index
GRATES
With solid bars; with hollow bars 1/00; 3/00
Double; inclined; revolving or rocking; travelling 5/00; 7/00; 9/00; 11/00
Other types 13/00
Details 17/00
CLEANING ARRANGEMENTS FOR GRATES, MOVING FUEL ALONG GRATE 15/00

 F23J
REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES (precipitating dust from flue gases B01D; composition of fuels C10; combustion apparatus for consuming smoke or fumes, e.g. exhaust gases, F23G 7/06)
 F23J

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers also the cleaning of surfaces of furnace tubes, flame tubes, water tubes, flues or the like of boilers, heat-exchange or heat-transfer conduits, which surfaces are contaminated by combustion products or combustion residues.
  2. This subclass does not cover the cleaning of surfaces of boilers, heat exchange or heat-transfer conduits contaminated by other than combustion products or combustion residues, which is covered by subclass F28G.
 F23J
Subclass index
REMOVAL OF SOLID COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR RESIDUES
From combustion chamber 1/00
From places beyond the fire 3/00
TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR RESIDUES
Supply of chemicals; preventing solidification; Treating smoke or fumes 7/00; 9/00; 15/00
FLUES, FITTINGS FOR CHIMNEYS OR FLUES 11/00, 13/00

 F23K
FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS (fuel feeders specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus F23C 10/22; regulating or controlling combustion F23N)

 F23L
AIR SUPPLY; DRAUGHT-INDUCING; SUPPLYING NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID OR GAS (air-supply arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluent fuel, e.g. fluidised bed combustion apparatus, F23C; dampers or throat restrictors for open fire-places F24; air inlet valves for open fire fronts F24)
 F23L
Subclass index
AIR SUPPLY
Passages for: primary air; secondary air 1/00; 9/00
Valves or dampers
construction 13/00
arrangements: before the fire; after the fire 3/00; 11/00
Blast-producing apparatus before the fire; heating of air for combustion 5/00; 15/00
SUPPLYING NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES, OTHER THAN AIR, TO THE FIRE 7/00
DRAUGHT-INDUCING 17/00

 F23M
CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (construction or support of tube walls for steam boilers F22B; generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R)

 F23N
REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION (control devices specially adapted for fluidised bed combustion apparatus F23C 10/28; condition responsive controls for regulating combustion in domestic stoves with open fires for solid fuel F24B 1/187)

 F23Q
IGNITION (devices for igniting matches A24F; explosive or thermic compositions C06B; chemical igniters C06C; devices or installations peculiar to internal-combustion engines, except glowing plugs, F02P); EXTINGUISHING DEVICES
 F23Q
Subclass index
IGNITERS
Mechanical 1/00
Using electric sparks 3/00, 5/00
Incandescent 7/00
With pilot flame 9/00
By catalysis 11/00
Other 13/00
REMOTE IGNITION 21/00
TESTING 23/00
LIGHTERS CONTAINING FUEL 2/00, 3/01, 7/00
EXTINGUISHING DEVICES 25/00

 F23R
GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS (chemical aspects of gas production C06D 5/00; gas-turbine plants characterised by the arrangement of the combustion chamber in the plant F02C 3/14; arrangement of afterburners in jet-propulsion plants F02K 3/10; combustion chambers of rocket engine plants F02K 9/00; using such products for specific purposes, see the relevant classes for the purposes)