B
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  
PRINTING
 B41
PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS (reproduction or duplication of pictures or patterns by scanning and converting into electrical signals H04N)  [4]
 B41L
APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING, OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSING MACHINES OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES (printing presses or machines for industrial purposes B41F; stamps, stamping or numbering devices B41K)
 B41L

Note(s)

  1. This subclass does not cover constituent parts common to manifolding by means of pressure-sensitive layers or intermediaries, to apparatus or machines for duplicating or printing for office or other commercial purposes, or to addressing machines or like series-printing machines, which are covered by subclass B41F.
  2. In this subclass, as indicated by the references, groups B41L 15/00 and B41L 17/00 are intended to cover letterpress and lithographic printing apparatus only in so far as it is specially adapted for office or other commercial purposes; the general constructions or features of apparatus of these types are classified in subclass B41F. Constructions or features determining classification in these groups are, for example: ease of operation by clerical staff, cleanliness of operation in non-industrial environments, the use of printing surfaces constructed for the production of a limited number of copies.
  3. In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "manifolding" means the obtaining of several copies simultaneously by means of pressure-sensitive layers when making an original;
    • "duplicating" means the obtaining of successive copies from a master, e.g. a hectographic image;
    • "stencilling" involves the use of a printing surface which is perforated to form the image, the ink flowing through the perforations on the copy material.
 B41L
Subclass index
MANIFOLDING 1/00, 3/00, 5/00
DUPLICATING
From hectographic masters 7/00, 9/00, 11/00
By stencil 13/00
Otherwise 19/00
PRINTING
Letterpress apparatus 15/00
Lithographic apparatus 17/00
Other apparatus 19/00
COMMON DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES
Treatment of surfaces before printing; handling thereof 23/00; 21/00, 33/00
Impression or offset surfaces; moistening thereof 38/00; 25/00
Inking 27/00
Handling printing elements or formes 29/00 - 33/00
Cylinders; Attaching coverings or make-ready devices 35/00; 38/00
Auxiliary operations 39/00, 41/00, 43/00
SPECIAL MACHINES FOR SERIES-PRINTING 45/00, 47/00, 49/00
 B41L 1/00 - 
B41L 5/00
Manifolding by means of pressure-sensitive layers or intermediaries
 B41L 1/00
Devices for performing operations in connection with manifolding by means of pressure-sensitive layers or intermediaries, e.g. carbons; Accessories for manifolding purposes
 B41L 1/02
·  Devices for preparatory operations, e.g. for bringing together sheets or webs and interposed carbons; Devices combined with devices for printing, for coating with carbon, for folding
 B41L 1/04
·  Devices for performing operations subsequent to manifolding, e.g. for separating single sheets or webs from single form sets, continuous manifold assemblies from carbons
 B41L 1/06
·  ·  on single form sets
 B41L 1/08
·  ·  on continuous manifold assemblies
 B41L 1/10
·  ·  ·  Separate folding or disposition of single webs
 B41L 1/12
·  ·  ·  Severing webs to obtain single sheets or forms, e.g. by cutting, by bursting
 B41L 1/14
·  ·  ·  Severing edge perforations from webs
 B41L 1/16
·  Carriers or supply devices for pressure-sensitive material, e.g. for carbon sheets; Carbon gloves
 B41L 1/18
·  ·  for carbon webs; Continuous carbon-supply mechanisms
 B41L 1/20
·  Manifolding assemblies, e.g. book-like assemblies
 B41L 1/22
·  ·  made up of single sheets or forms
 B41L 1/24
·  ·  ·  Pads or books
 B41L 1/26
·  ·  Continuous assemblies made up of webs
 B41L 1/28
·  ·  ·  in rolled or wound form
 B41L 1/30
·  ·  ·  folded longitudinally
 B41L 1/32
·  ·  ·  folded transversely
 B41L 1/34
·  ·  for making masters for hectographic duplicators
 B41L 1/36
·  ·  with pressure-sensitive layers or coating other than carbon (sheet materials B41M 5/00)
 B41L 3/00
Platens or like sheet supports for manifolding using pressure-sensitive layers or intermediaries, e.g. for book-keeping purposes
 B41L 3/02
·  with stationary clamping means for holding the manifolding assembly in registered position, e.g. resilient clamps for holding non-perforated sheets
 B41L 3/04
·  ·  Bars provided with pins engaging perforations in the elements
 B41L 3/06
·  with movable clamping or guiding means for the elements of the manifolding assembly
 B41L 3/08
·  with non-mechanical means for holding the elements in registered position, e.g. magnetic means
 B41L 3/10
·  with means for moving assembled elements step by step relative to platen or support, e.g. for column or line selection; Means for locating assembled elements when stationary
 B41L 3/12
·  Auxiliary devices
 B41L 3/14
·  ·  Magazines or storage compartments, e.g. for slips
 B41L 3/16
·  ·  Web-feeding arrangements
 B41L 3/18
·  ·  Displaceable covers, e.g. with windows
 B41L 3/20
·  ·  for facilitating manifolding in books
 B41L 3/22
·  ·  Applications of ink ribbons; Holding, feeding, or guiding means therefor
 B41L 5/00
Autographic registers or like manifolding apparatus using movable strips or webs (movable-strip writing or reading apparatus B42D 19/00)
 B41L 5/02
·  with means for limiting movements of webs fed by hand
 B41L 5/04
·  with mechanisms for feeding webs or for arranging web feed; with web-storage arrangements
 B41L 5/06
·  ·  by means of rollers, wheels, or chains
 B41L 5/08
·  ·  by reciprocating mechanisms
 B41L 5/10
·  with mechanisms for feeding the pressure-sensitive web or webs separately from the other webs, e.g. transversely
 B41L 5/12
·  with means for indicating exhaustion of web supply
 B41L 5/14
·  with auxiliary means for printing, perforating, or severing the web
 B41L 5/16
·  Accessories, e.g. drawers for storing forms, for money (cash registers G07G)
 B41L 7/00 - 
B41L 19/00
Apparatus or machines for duplicating or printing for office or other commercial purposes
 B41L 7/00
Apparatus for directly duplicating from hectographic originals, i.e. for obtaining copies in mirror image
 B41L 7/02
·  by passing original and copy-sheet or -web between rollers
 B41L 7/04
·  ·  with means for guiding original or copy-sheet or -web
 B41L 7/06
·  ·  with means for severing copy-sheet or -web
 B41L 7/08
·  ·  with means for moistening or drying
 B41L 9/00
Apparatus for indirectly duplicating from hectographic originals by means of hectographic intermediaries or transfer surfaces, i.e. "dry duplicators"
 B41L 9/02
·  Containers for clay or gelatin
 B41L 9/04
·  with flat supports over which gelatin-paper is stretched
 B41L 9/06
·  ·  and with carriages for feeding the sheets
 B41L 9/08
·  ·  and with devices for rolling-in and securing hectographic gelatin-paper webs
 B41L 9/10
·  with rotary cylinders carrying sheets of hectographic gelatin-paper
 B41L 11/00
Apparatus for directly duplicating from hectographic masters in mirror image, i.e. "wet duplicators" for producing positive copies
 B41L 11/02
·  with a flat support carrying the masters
 B41L 11/04
·  ·  and with carriages for feeding the sheets
 B41L 11/06
·  ·  for stack duplicating with pressure rollers
 B41L 11/08
·  with rotary cylinders carrying the masters
 B41L 11/10
·  with two rollers between which master is stretched
 B41L 11/12
·  Driving gear; Control thereof
 B41L 11/14
·  Constructional features of masters (chemical aspects B41M)
 B41L 13/00
Stencilling apparatus for office or other commercial use (screen printing B41F 15/00; stencils, stencil materials, carriers therefor B41N 1/24)
 B41L 13/02
·  with flat stencil carriers
 B41L 13/04
·  with curved or rotary stencil carriers
 B41L 13/06
·  ·  with a single cylinder carrying the stencil
 B41L 13/08
·  ·  with stencil carried by two or more cylinders, e.g. through the intermediary of endless bands
 B41L 13/10
·  ·  ·  Clips or clamps for securing stencils to stencil carriers
 B41L 13/12
·  for special purposes, e.g. for reproducing Braille characters
 B41L 13/14
·  Attachments, e.g. for punching, cutting, severing
 B41L 13/16
·  Driving gear; Control thereof
 B41L 13/18
·  Inking units  [3]
 B41L 15/00
Letterpress printing apparatus specially adapted for office or other commercial purposes (in general B41F; printing plates or foils, materials therefor B41N 1/00)
 B41L 15/02
·  with flat printing surfaces, e.g. with flat type-beds, surfaces made of thin sheet material or moulded from plastics or rubber
 B41L 15/04
·  ·  of composed type locked in chases
 B41L 15/06
·  with curved printing surfaces, e.g. cylinders
 B41L 15/08
·  ·  with stereotypes
 B41L 15/10
·  for multicolour printing; for perfecting
 B41L 15/12
·  Driving gear; Control thereof
 B41L 15/14
·  Attachments, e.g. for punching, cutting, severing
 B41L 17/00
Lithographic printing apparatus for office or other commercial purposes (in general B41F; printing plates or foils, materials therefor B41N 1/00)
 B41L 17/02
·  for direct impression printing
 B41L 17/04
·  ·  with flat printing surfaces
 B41L 17/06
·  ·  with curved printing surfaces, e.g. cylinders
 B41L 17/08
·  for offset printing
 B41L 17/10
·  ·  with flat printing surfaces, e.g. co-operating with travelling offset cylinders
 B41L 17/12
·  ·  with curved printing surfaces, e.g. forme cylinders
 B41L 17/14
·  of two-cylinder type, e.g. co-operating forme and impression cylinders
 B41L 17/16
·  of three-cylinder type
 B41L 17/18
·  for multicolour printing, e.g. tandem machines; for perfecting
 B41L 17/20
·  without damping means, e.g. using heat-activatable inks, refrigerated printing surfaces
 B41L 17/22
·  Driving gear; Control thereof
 B41L 17/24
·  Attachments, e.g. for punching, cutting, severing
 B41L 19/00
Duplicating or printing apparatus or machines for office or other commercial purposes, of special types or for particular purposes and not otherwise provided for (addressing machines B41L 45/00)
 B41L 19/02
·  having forme cylinders carrying a plurality of printing surfaces, or for performing letterpress and lithographic processes selectively or in combination (in general B41F 11/00)
 B41L 19/04
·  for printing from selected parts of one or more printing surfaces in one cycle, e.g. line printing (by inking selected areas B41L 27/20)
 B41L 19/06
·  ·  with co-operating forme and impression cylinders
 B41L 19/08
·  ·  ·  by effecting relative movement of forme and impression cylinders during printing cycle
 B41L 19/10
·  ·  ·  by projecting and retracting parts of the surfaces of the forme cylinders
 B41L 19/12
·  ·  ·  by masking parts of the printing surfaces on the forme cylinders
 B41L 19/14
·  ·  ·  by selective damping of the copy material
 B41L 19/16
·  ·  ·  by selective tripping of impression cylinders
 B41L 21/00 - 
B41L 43/00
Common details of, or accessories for, apparatus or machines for manifolding, duplicating, or printing for office or other commercial purposes
 B41L 21/00
Devices for conveying sheets or webs of copy material through apparatus or machines for manifolding, duplicating, or printing (mechanisms for conveying copy material through addressing machines or like series-printing machines B41L 47/24)
 B41L 21/02
·  for conveying sheets
 B41L 21/04
·  ·  Pins
 B41L 21/06
·  ·  Grippers
 B41L 21/08
·  ·  ·  Suction-operated grippers
 B41L 21/10
·  ·  Combinations of endless conveyers and grippers
 B41L 21/12
·  for conveying webs
 B41L 23/00
Devices for treating the surface of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing (cleaning in general B08B, of metals C23G; as a final step in the manufacture of such articles, see the relevant places, e.g. B29C 71/00, D21H 23/00 or D21H 25/00; after-treatment of prints B41M 7/00)
 B41L 23/02
·  by damping, e.g. by moistening copy-sheets in connection with hectographic printing
 B41L 23/04
·  ·  using friction rollers
 B41L 23/06
·  ·  using brushes
 B41L 23/08
·  ·  using spray elements
 B41L 23/10
·  ·  using endless bands
 B41L 23/12
·  ·  using absorbent pads
 B41L 23/14
·  ·  Ducts, containers, or like supply devices for liquids
 B41L 23/16
·  ·  Devices for tripping or lifting damping rollers; Supporting, adjusting, or removing arrangements therefor
 B41L 23/18
·  ·  Construction of damping rollers
 B41L 23/20
·  by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders
 B41L 23/22
·  ·  Powdering devices, e.g. for preventing set-off
 B41L 23/24
·  Print-finishing devices, e.g. for glossing prints
 B41L 25/00
Devices for damping printing surfaces, e.g. moistening printing surfaces in connection with lithographic printing (applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general B05)
 B41L 25/02
·  using friction rollers
 B41L 25/04
·  using brushes
 B41L 25/06
·  using spraying elements
 B41L 25/08
·  using endless bands
 B41L 25/10
·  using absorbent pads
 B41L 25/12
·  Ducts, containers, or like supply devices for liquids
 B41L 25/14
·  Inking rollers serving also to apply ink repellent
 B41L 25/16
·  Devices for tripping or lifting damping rollers; Supporting, adjusting, or removing arrangements therefor
 B41L 25/18
·  Construction of damping rollers
 B41L 27/00
Inking arrangements or devices (inking units for stencilling apparatus B41L 13/18; applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces, in general B05)  [3]
 B41L 27/02
·  adapted for inking by hand
 B41L 27/04
·  Ducts, containers, supply devices or ink-level control devices (level control in general G05D 9/00)  [3]
 B41L 27/06
·  ·  Duct-blades or like supply devices
 B41L 27/08
·  ·  Troughs or like reservoirs with immersed, or partly immersed, rollers
 B41L 27/10
·  ·  with ink-ejection means, e.g. pumps, nozzles
 B41L 27/12
·  ·  Feed or duct rollers (messenger or moving transfer rollers B41L 27/16)
 B41L 27/14
·  ·  ·  adjustable for regulating supply
 B41L 27/16
·  ·  Messenger or other moving transfer rollers
 B41L 27/18
·  Continuous, e.g. endless-band, apparatus
 B41L 27/20
·  for inking selected parts of printing formes
 B41L 27/22
·  Ink-removing or collecting devices
 B41L 27/24
·  for inking from interior of cylinder
 B41L 27/26
·  Absorbent pads
 B41L 27/28
·  Construction of inking rollers
 B41L 27/30
·  Spray apparatus, e.g. containing brushes
 B41L 27/32
·  Arrangements for tripping, lifting, adjusting, or removing inking rollers; Supports, bearings, or forks therefor
 B41L 27/34
·  ·  Lifting or adjusting devices
 B41L 27/36
·  ·  ·  Cams, eccentrics, wedges, or the like devices
 B41L 27/38
·  ·  ·  fluid-pressure operated
 B41L 27/40
·  ·  ·  magnetically operated
 B41L 29/00
Devices for attaching printing elements or formes to supports
 B41L 29/02
·  magnetic
 B41L 29/04
·  for attaching printing elements to flat type-beds
 B41L 29/06
·  for attaching printing elements to forme cylinders
 B41L 29/08
·  for attaching printing formes to flat type-beds
 B41L 29/10
·  for attaching non-deformable curved printing formes to forme cylinders
 B41L 29/12
·  for attaching flexible printing formes
 B41L 29/14
·  ·  Clamping devices
 B41L 29/16
·  ·  ·  operating automatically during operation of rotary machines to attach the printing formes to the forme cylinders
 B41L 29/18
·  ·  ·  ·  electromagnetic, pneumatic, or hydraulic
 B41L 29/20
·  ·  ·  for adjusting position of leading edges of flexible printing formes circumferentially of forme cylinders
 B41L 29/22
·  for attaching printing formes to intermediate supports, e.g. adapter members
 B41L 31/00
Devices for removing flexible printing formes from forme cylinders
 B41L 33/00
Pressing flexible printing formes or sheets or webs of copy material against cylinders, e.g. for smoothing purposes
 B41L 35/00
Cylinders for apparatus or machines for manifolding, duplicating, or printing for office or other commercial purposes
 B41L 35/02
·  Forme cylinders
 B41L 35/04
·  ·  Registering devices
 B41L 35/06
·  ·  ·  with means for displacing the cylinders
 B41L 35/08
·  ·  ·  with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders
 B41L 35/10
·  Impression cylinders
 B41L 35/12
·  Bearings or supports for forme, offset or transfer, or impression cylinders
 B41L 35/14
·  Means for heating or cooling forme or impression cylinders
 B41L 35/16
·  Cylinder-tripping devices; Cylinder-impression adjustments
 B41L 35/18
·  ·  Arrangements or dispositions of cylinder bearings, forks, or supports
 B41L 35/20
·  ·  ·  Eccentric bearings
 B41L 35/22
·  ·  ·  Sliding bearings
 B41L 35/24
·  ·  ·  Swinging bearings
 B41L 35/26
·  ·  Cylinder-lifting or adjusting devices
 B41L 35/28
·  ·  ·  Cams, eccentrics, wedges, or the like
 B41L 35/30
·  ·  ·  electrically or magnetically operated
 B41L 35/32
·  ·  ·  fluid-pressure operated
 B41L 35/34
·  Guards or covers, e.g. for safety purposes, for preventing egress or ingress of foreign matter
 B41L 38/00
Devices for attaching coverings or make-ready devices; Guiding devices for coverings (make-ready devices B41N 6/00; blankets or like coverings B41N 10/00)  [5]
 B41L 38/02
·  attaching to impression cylinders  [5]
 B41L 38/04
·  attaching of endless or like continuously-fed coverings  [5]
 B41L 39/00
Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices (ink-level control devices B41L 27/04; such devices in general, see the relevant subclasses, e.g. counting in general G06M)  [3]
 B41L 39/02
·  Indicating devices, e.g. counters
 B41L 39/04
·  Tripping devices or stop-motions
 B41L 39/06
·  ·  for starting or stopping operation of sheet or web feed
 B41L 39/08
·  ·  for starting or stopping operation of cylinders
 B41L 39/10
·  ·  for starting or stopping operation of damping or inking units
 B41L 39/12
·  ·  for starting or stopping the machines as a whole
 B41L 39/14
·  ·  Automatic control of tripping devices by feelers, photoelectric devices, pneumatic devices, or other detectors
 B41L 39/16
·  Programming systems for automatic control of sequence of operations
 B41L 41/00
Cleaning arrangements or devices
 B41L 41/02
·  for forme cylinders
 B41L 41/04
·  for inking rollers
 B41L 41/06
·  for offset cylinders
 B41L 43/00
Auxiliary folding, collecting, or depositing of sheets or webs
 B41L 43/02
·  Folding
 B41L 43/04
·  ·  lengthwise
 B41L 43/06
·  ·  crosswise
 B41L 43/08
·  ·  Folding-cylinders or -drums
 B41L 43/10
·  Collecting
 B41L 43/12
·  ·  and stapling
 B41L 43/14
·  Adding inserts
 B41L 43/16
·  Depositing
 B41L 45/00 - 
B41L 49/00
Addressing machines or like series-printing machines
 B41L 45/00
Kinds or types of addressing machines or of like series-printing machines
 B41L 45/02
·  using printing plates
 B41L 45/04
·  ·  composed on type-setting machines
 B41L 45/06
·  ·  for addressing combined with other operations, e.g. franking, collating documents
 B41L 45/08
·  with printing surfaces in the form of belts, or carried by chains
 B41L 45/10
·  ·  for addressing combined with other operations, e.g. franking, collating documents
 B41L 45/12
·  with separate devices for printing additional texts or images, e.g. for printing receipts on blank sheets or webs
 B41L 47/00
Details of addressing machines or like series-printing machines (common details of printing machines B41F 21/00-B41F 35/00)
 B41L 47/02
·  Applications of printing surfaces in addressing machines or like series-printing machines (printing surfaces in general B41N)
 B41L 47/04
·  ·  of flat or curved plates for relief printing
 B41L 47/06
·  ·  of flat or curved stencils
 B41L 47/08
·  ·  of flat or curved plates for hectographic printing
 B41L 47/10
·  ·  of printing surfaces in the form of belts or chains
 B41L 47/12
·  Auxiliary devices, e.g. for flattening plates, for assembling plates in predetermined order, for wetting stencils
 B41L 47/14
·  Devices or arrangements for storing or handling plates
 B41L 47/16
·  ·  Magazines
 B41L 47/18
·  ·  Devices for feeding the plates in their plane
 B41L 47/20
·  ·  Devices for feeding the plates otherwise than in their plane, e.g. transversely thereto
 B41L 47/22
·  ·  with means for presenting plates for repeated printing operations
 B41L 47/24
·  Mechanisms for conveying copy material through addressing machines or like series-printing machines (in general B65H)
 B41L 47/26
·  ·  for conveying or positioning single sheet-like articles, e.g. envelopes
 B41L 47/28
·  ·  with gauging-rulers or the like, e.g. for facilitating hand-printing of copy material fed from stacks
 B41L 47/30
·  ·  for conveying webs
 B41L 47/32
·  ·  ·  combined with devices for other purposes, e.g. for cutting, severing, gluing
 B41L 47/34
·  ·  ·  specially adapted for conveying chains of forms
 B41L 47/36
·  ·  for conveying sheets or webs for tabulating purposes; Tabulating mechanisms combined with sheet or web conveyers
 B41L 47/38
·  ·  ·  with clamping means for head or margin
 B41L 47/40
·  ·  ·  with means for automatically reciprocating sheet or web transversely to enable addresses to be printed in columns side by side
 B41L 47/42
·  Printing mechanisms
 B41L 47/44
·  ·  using flat platens
 B41L 47/46
·  ·  using line-contact members, e.g. rollers, cylinders
 B41L 47/48
·  ·  with inking or ink-ribbon devices
 B41L 47/50
·  ·  using multiple impression-members or -surfaces, e.g. for printing series of addresses with standing context, for printing from selected parts of printing surfaces (applications of counting, numbering, or dating apparatus B41L 49/02)
 B41L 47/52
·  ·  with movable counter-pressure plates for printing from selected areas of printing surfaces
 B41L 47/54
·  ·  with means for automatically reciprocating printing plate transversely to enable addresses to be printed in columns side by side
 B41L 47/56
·  Indicating, warning, control or safety devices (B41L 47/58 takes precedence)
 B41L 47/58
·  Arrangements or devices for selecting, or for facilitating selection of, text or image to be printed
 B41L 47/60
·  ·  Markings applied to printing plates, e.g. code marks, colours, clips, perforations, edge notches, projections
 B41L 47/62
·  ·  Selecting devices, e.g. cams, windows, position indicators
 B41L 47/64
·  ·  ·  Automatic selecting devices with or without overriding manual control, e.g. with scanning-fingers, with presetting controls operable by push-buttons, with programme control by punched tapes
 B41L 49/00
Accessories or attachments for addressing machines or like series-printing machines
 B41L 49/02
·  Counting, numbering, or dating devices
 B41L 49/04
·  Devices for applying selection markings to printing plates