In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows:
Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive
Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides
Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive
Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At
Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd
Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group
Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg
Heavy metals: metals other than light metals
Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni
Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens
Metals: elements other than non-metals
Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards
The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme. They must not be read as modifying in any way the elaborations.
Section C covers:
pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation;
applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents;
certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry;
certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general;
metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys.
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In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C.
In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27.
There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example:
Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D.
In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for:
When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.
Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor
C14B 1/02
·
Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather
C14B 1/04
· ·
using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface
C14B 1/06
· · ·
in machines in which the working piece is maintained in contact with the working tools solely by means of rolls
C14B 1/08
· · ·
in machines with flexible bands as bed supporting or counter-pressure elements
C14B 1/10
· · ·
in machines with drums with cylindrical, conical, or similar surfaces for supporting the whole working piece
C14B 1/12
· · ·
in machines with plane supporting bed-plates
C14B 1/14
· ·
using tools cutting the skin in a plane substantially parallel to its surface
C14B 1/16
· · ·
using fixed or reciprocating or oscillating knives
Shearing; Removing dead or coarse hairs or bristles by shearing or plucking
C14B 15/04
·
Fur dressing
C14B 15/06
· ·
Fur-stretching devices
C14B 15/08
·
Application of reinforcing or stiffening layers to fur skins
C14B 15/10
·
Cutting furs; Making fur plates or strips
C14B 15/12
·
Finishing, e.g. pointing furs; Producing designs or patterns
C14B 17/00
Details of apparatus or machines for manufacturing or treating skins, hides, leather, or furs
C14B 17/02
·
Blading cylinders or other working cylinders, e.g. slicking or scraping cylinders
C14B 17/04
·
Work-supports or other counter-pressing elements; Bed rolls or counter-pressing rolls
C14B 17/06
·
Work feeding or clamping devices
C14B 17/08
· ·
Fastening devices, e.g. clips for leather-stretching
C14B 17/10
·
Arrangements for driving parts of leather-working machines
C14B 17/12
·
Safety devices specially adapted for leather-working machines
C14B 17/14
·
Auxiliary devices for leather-working machines, e.g. grinding devices for blading cylinders or dust-removal devices combined with the working machines
C14B 19/00
Hand tools specially adapted for the treatment of hides, skins, or leather in the manufacture of leather or furs (equipment or tools for saddlery Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B68C)