In this section, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
"variable" (as a noun) means a feature or property (e.g., a dimension, a physical condition such as temperature, a quality such as density or colour) which, in respect of a particular entity (e.g., an object, a quantity of a substance, a beam of light) and at a particular instant, is capable of being measured; the variable may change, so that its numerical expression may assume different values at different times, in different conditions or in individual cases, but may be constant in respect of a particular entity in certain conditions or for practical purposes (e.g., the length of a bar may be regarded as constant for many purposes).
Attention is drawn to the definitions of terms or expressions used, appearing in the notes of several of the classes in this section, in particular those of "measuring" in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01 and "control" and "regulation" in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05.
Classification in this section may present more difficulty than in other sections, because the distinction between different fields of use rests to a considerable extent on differences in the intention of the user rather than on any constructional differences or differences in the manner of use, and because the subjects dealt with are often in effect systems or combinations, which have features or parts in common, rather than "things", which are readily distinguishable as a whole. For example, information (e.g., a set of figures) may be displayed for the purpose of education or advertising (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09), for enabling the result of a measurement to be known (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01), for signalling the information to a distant point or for giving information which has been signalled from a distant point (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G08). The words used to describe the purpose depend on features that may be irrelevant to the form of the apparatus concerned, for example, such features as the desired effect on the person who sees the display, or whether the display is controlled from a remote point. Again, a device which responds to some change in a condition, e.g., in the pressure of a fluid, may be used, without modification of the device itself, to give information about the pressure (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01L) or about some other condition linked to the pressure (another subclass of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01, e.g., Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K for temperature), to make a record of the pressure or of its occurrence (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G07C), to give an alarm (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G08B), or to control another apparatus (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05).
The classification scheme is intended to enable things of a similar nature (as indicated above) to be classified together. It is therefore particularly necessary for the real nature of any technical subject to be decided before it can be properly classified.
simulators which are concerned with the mathematics of computing the existing or anticipated conditions within the real device or system;
simulators which demonstrate, by means involving computing, the function of apparatus or of a system, if no provision exists elsewhere;
image data processing or generation.
This class does not cover:
control functions derived from simulators, in general, which are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05, although such functions may be covered by the subclass of this class for the device controlled;
measurement or analysis of an individual variable to serve as an input to a simulator, which is covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01;
simulators regarded as teaching or training devices which is the case if they give perceptible sensations having a likeness to the sensations a student would experience in reality in response to actions taken by him. Such simulators are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09;
components of simulators, if identical with real devices or machines, which are covered by the relevant subclass for these devices or machines (and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09).
In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
"calculating" or "computing" includes, inter alia, operations on numerical values and on data expressed in numerical form. Of these terms "computing" is used throughout the class;
"computation" is derived from this interpretation of "computing". In the French language the term "calcul" will serve for either term;
"simulator" is a device which may use the same time scale as the real device or operate on an expanded or compressed time scale. In interpreting this term models of real devices to reduced or expanded scales are not regarded as simulators;
"record carrier" means a body, such as a cylinder, disc, card, tape, or wire, capable of permanently holding information, which can be read-off by a sensing element movable relative to the recorded information.
Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of section G, especially as regards the definition of the term "variable".
High-speed punches, e.g. controlled by electric computer
G06K 1/06
· ·
Manually-controlled devices
G06K 1/08
· · ·
Card punches
G06K 1/10
· · ·
Tape punches (specially adapted for a particular purpose, see the relevant subclass, e.g. for transmission of digital information Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04L)
by transferring data from a similar or dissimilar record carrier
G06K 1/16
· ·
by reproducing data from one punched card on to one or more punched cards without the code representation, i.e. duplicating
G06K 1/18
· ·
by transferring data from one type of record carrier on to another type of record carrier, e.g. from magnetic tape to punched card
G06K 1/20
·
Simultaneous marking of record carrier and printing-out of data, e.g. printing-punch
G06K 1/22
· ·
Simultaneous marking and printing on different record carriers, e.g. on different types of record carrier
G06K 3/00
Methods or arrangements for printing of data in the shape of alphanumeric or other characters from a record carrier, e.g. interpreting, printing-out from a magnetic tape
G06K 3/02
·
Translating markings on a record carrier into printed data on the same record carrier, i.e. interpreting
G06K 5/00
Methods or arrangements for verifying the correctness of markings on a record carrier; Column-detection devices
G06K 5/02
·
the verifying forming a part of the marking action
Detection or correction of errors, e.g. by rescanning the pattern [3]
G06K 9/18
·
using printed characters having additional code marks or containing code marks, e.g. the character being composed of individual strokes of different shape, each representing a different code value
G06K 9/20
·
Image acquisition [3]
G06K 9/22
· ·
using hand-held instruments [3]
G06K 9/24
· · ·
Construction of the instrument [3]
G06K 9/26
· ·
using a slot moved over the image [3]
G06K 9/28
· ·
using discrete sensing elements at predetermined points [3]
G06K 9/30
· ·
using automatic curve following means [3]
G06K 9/32
· ·
Aligning or centering of the image pick-up or image-field [3]
G06K 9/34
· ·
Segmentation of touching or overlapping patterns in the image field [3]
G06K 9/36
·
Image preprocessing, i.e. processing the image information without deciding about the identity of the image (image data processing or generation, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06T) [3]
using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact [5]
G06K 11/14
· ·
using propagating acoustic waves [5]
G06K 11/16
· ·
using other specific means, e.g. capacitive, piezo-electric, electromagnetic [5]
G06K 11/18
· ·
Hand-held sensing devices, e.g. light-pen, joystick, mouse, tracing-ball (accessories for games using an electronically generated display Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A63F 13/02) [5]
G06K 11/20
· · ·
Control means for sensing devices [5]
G06K 13/00
Conveying record carriers from one station to another, e.g. from stack to punching mechanism (transport devices in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G)
G06K 13/02
·
the record carrier having longitudinal dimension comparable with transverse dimension, e.g. punched card
G06K 13/04
· ·
Details, e.g. flaps in card-sorting apparatus
G06K 13/05
· · ·
Capstans; Pinch rollers
G06K 13/06
· ·
Guiding cards; Checking correct operation of card-conveying mechanisms [2]
G06K 13/063
· · ·
Aligning cards [2]
G06K 13/067
· · ·
Checking presence, absence, correct position, or moving status of cards [2]
G06K 13/07
· ·
Transporting of cards between stations
G06K 13/073
· · ·
with continuous movement [2]
G06K 13/077
· · ·
with intermittent movement; Braking or stopping movement [2]
Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of the preceding main groups, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations
characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine
G06K 19/04
·
characterised by the shape
G06K 19/06
·
characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
G06K 19/063
· ·
the carrier being marginally punched or notched, e.g. having elongated slots [5]
G06K 19/067
· ·
Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards (using a coded card to authorise calls from a telephone set Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04M 1/675) [5]
G06K 19/07
· · ·
with integrated circuit chips [5]
G06K 19/073
· · · ·
Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory (protection against unauthorised use of computer memory Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06F 12/14) [5]
G06K 19/077
· · · ·
Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier [5]
G06K 19/08
· ·
using markings of different kinds in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means
G06K 19/10
· · ·
at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards (verification of coded identity or credit cards in mechanisms actuated by them Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G07F 7/12) [5]
G06K 19/12
· · · ·
the marking being sensed by magnetic means [5]
G06K 19/14
· · · ·
the marking being sensed by radiation [5]
G06K 19/16
· · · · ·
the marking being a hologram or diffraction grating [5]
G06K 19/18
· · · ·
Constructional details [5]
G06K 21/00
Information retrieval from punched cards designed for manual use or handling by machine (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06K 19/00 takes precedence); Apparatus for handling such cards, e.g. marking or correcting
G06K 21/02
·
in which coincidence of markings is sensed mechanically, e.g. by needle
G06K 21/04
·
in which coincidence of markings is sensed optically, e.g. peek-a-boo system
G06K 21/06
·
Apparatus or tools adapted for slotting or otherwise marking information-retrieval cards (tools for perforating in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26F)
G06K 21/08
·
Apparatus or tools for correcting punching or slotting errors [2]