H
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY
 H

Note(s)

These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H.

  1. Section H covers:
    1. basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere);
    2. generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear;
    3. applied electricity, which covers:
      1. general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits;
      2. some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including:
        1. electric light sources, including lasers;
        2. electric X-ray technique;
        3. electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons;
    4. basic electronic circuits and their control;
    5. radio or electric communication technique;
    6. the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 57 to 59 of the Guide should be referred to.
  2. In this section, the following general rules apply:
    1. Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question;
    2. The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include:
      1. the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class A61;
      2. the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes B01 and B03 and in subclass B23K;
      3. the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B;
      4. the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass F23Q;
      5. the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself;
    3. All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a), above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself.
  3. In this section, the following special cases occur:
    1. Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses F24D or F24H or class F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in H05B which cover the same technical subjects;
    2. In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass H05B;
    3. In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class F21;
    4. As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

 H01
BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
 H01

Note(s)

Processes involving only a single technical art, e.g. drying, coating, for which provision exists elsewhere are classified in the relevant class for that art.

 H01T
SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES (working of metal by the action of a high concentration of electric current B23H; welding, e.g. arc welding, electron beam welding or electrolytic welding, B23K; gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode H01J 17/00; electric arc lamps H05B 31/00)
 H01T

Note(s)

In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:

  • "spark gaps" means enclosed or non-enclosed discharge device having cold electrodes and used exclusively to discharge a quantity of electrical energy in a small time duration. [4]

 H01T
Subclass index
SPARK GAPS
Rotary 7/00
Comprising auxiliary triggering means 2/00
Special adaptations: for oscillations; for rectifiers 9/00; 11/00
Overvoltage arresters; arcing horns 4/00
Other spark gaps 14/00
Details 1/00
SPARKING PLUGS 13/00
CIRCUITS 15/00
DEVICES FOR CORONA DISCHARGE 19/00
MANUFACTURE, MAINTENANCE 21/00
APPARATUS FOR GENERATING IONS 23/00
 H01T 1/00
Details of spark gaps
 H01T 1/02
·  Means for extinguishing arc
 H01T 1/04
·  ·  using magnetic blow-out
 H01T 1/06
·  ·  ·  with permanent magnet
 H01T 1/08
·  ·  using flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
 H01T 1/10
·  ·  ·  with extinguishing fluid evolved from solid material by heat of arc
 H01T 1/12
·  Means structurally associated with spark gap for recording operation thereof
 H01T 1/14
·  Means structurally associated with spark gap for protecting it against overload or for disconnecting it in case of failure (H01T 1/15, H01T 1/16, H01T 1/18 take precedence)  [4]
 H01T 1/15
·  for protection against excessive pressure  [4]
 H01T 1/16
·  Series resistor structurally associated with spark gap
 H01T 1/18
·  Electrolytic device structurally associated with spark gap
 H01T 1/20
·  Means for starting arc or facilitating ignition of spark gap  [3]
 H01T 1/22
·  ·  by the shape or the composition of the electrodes  [4]
 H01T 1/24
·  Selection of materials for electrodes (H01T 1/22 takes precedence)  [4]
 H01T 2/00
Spark gaps comprising auxiliary triggering means (triggering circuits H01T 15/00)  [4]
 H01T 2/02
·  comprising a trigger electrode or an auxiliary spark gap  [4]
 H01T 4/00
Overvoltage arresters using spark gaps (H01T 2/00 takes precedence; overvoltage protection circuits using spark gaps H02H 9/06)  [4]
 H01T 4/02
·  Details (of spark gaps H01T 1/00)  [4]
 H01T 4/04
·  Housings (H01T 4/06 takes precedence)  [4]
 H01T 4/06
·  Mounting arrangements for a plurality of overvoltage arresters  [4]
 H01T 4/08
·  structurally associated with protected apparatus (with switches H01H 9/14; with fuses H01H 85/44)  [4]
 H01T 4/10
·  having a single gap or a plurality of gaps in parallel (sparking-plugs H01T 13/00)  [4]
 H01T 4/12
·  ·  hermetically sealed  [4]
 H01T 4/14
·  ·  Arcing horns (associated with insulators H01B 17/46)  [4]
 H01T 4/16
·  having a plurality of gaps arranged in series  [4]
 H01T 4/18
·  ·  Arrangements for reducing height of stacked spark gaps  [4]
 H01T 4/20
·  ·  Arrangements for improving potential distribution  [4]
 H01T 7/00
Rotary spark gaps, i.e. devices having one or more rotating electrodes
 H01T 9/00
Spark gaps specially adapted for generating oscillations
 H01T 11/00
Spark gaps specially adapted as rectifiers
 H01T 13/00
Sparking-plugs (testing sparking-plugs G01M 19/02)
 H01T 13/02
·  Details
 H01T 13/04
·  ·  Means providing electrical connection to sparking plug (electric connections in general H01R)
 H01T 13/05
·  ·  ·  combined with interference suppressing or shielding means  [4]
 H01T 13/06
·  ·  Covers forming a part of the plug and protecting it against adverse environment
 H01T 13/08
·  ·  Mounting, fixing, or sealing of sparking plugs, e.g. in combustion chamber
 H01T 13/10
·  ·  ·  by bayonet-type connection
 H01T 13/12
·  ·  Means on sparking plugs for facilitating engagement by tool or by hand
 H01T 13/14
·  ·  Means for self-cleaning
 H01T 13/16
·  ·  Means for dissipating heat
 H01T 13/18
·  ·  Means for heating, e.g. for drying
 H01T 13/20
·  characterised by features of the electrodes or insulation
 H01T 13/22
·  ·  having two or more electrodes embedded in insulation (for two or more sparks H01T 13/46)
 H01T 13/24
·  ·  having movable electrodes (H01T 13/28 takes precedence)
 H01T 13/26
·  ·  ·  for adjusting spark gap otherwise than by bending of electrode
 H01T 13/28
·  ·  having spherically shaped electrodes, e.g. ball-shaped
 H01T 13/30
·  ·  ·  mounted so as to permit free movement
 H01T 13/32
·  ·  characterised by features of the earthed electrode
 H01T 13/34
·  ·  characterised by the mounting of electrodes in insulation, e.g. by embedding
 H01T 13/36
·  ·  characterised by the joint between insulation and body, e.g. using cement
 H01T 13/38
·  ·  Selection of materials for insulation (in general H01B 3/00)
 H01T 13/39
·  ·  Selection of materials for electrodes  [4]
 H01T 13/40
·  structurally combined with other devices (combined or associated with fuel injectors F02M 57/06; structurally combined with other parts of internal-combustion engines F02P 13/00)
 H01T 13/41
·  ·  with interference suppressing or shielding means  [4]
 H01T 13/42
·  ·  with magnetic spark generators
 H01T 13/44
·  ·  with transformers, e.g. for high-frequency ignition
 H01T 13/46
·  having two or more spark gaps
 H01T 13/48
·  having means for rendering sparks visible
 H01T 13/50
·  having means for ionisation of gap (H01T 13/52 takes precedence)  [4]
 H01T 13/52
·  characterised by a discharge along a surface
 H01T 13/54
·  having electrodes arranged in a partly-enclosed ignition chamber
 H01T 13/56
·  characterised by having component parts which are easily assembled or disassembled
 H01T 14/00
Spark gaps not provided for in groups H01T 2/00-H01T 13/00 (devices providing for corona discharge H01T 19/00)  [4]
 H01T 15/00
Circuits specially adapted for spark gaps, e.g. ignition circuits (ignition circuits for internal-combustion engines F02P; electric spark ignition for combustion apparatus F23Q; protection circuits using spark gaps H02H 9/06)  [4]
 H01T 19/00
Devices providing for corona discharge (for charging electrographic elements G03G 15/02)  [4]
 H01T 19/02
·  Corona rings
 H01T 19/04
·  having pointed electrodes
 H01T 21/00
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture or maintenance of spark gaps or sparking plugs
 H01T 21/02
·  of sparking plugs
 H01T 21/04
·  ·  Cleaning (abrasive blasting devices for cleaning sparking-plugs B24C 3/34)
 H01T 21/06
·  Adjustment of spark gaps (sparking-plugs having movable electrodes for adjusting the gap H01T 13/26)  [4]
 H01T 23/00
Apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. into the atmosphere (discharge tubes with provision for emergence of ions from the vessel H01J 33/00; generating plasma H05H)  [4]