F
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  
LIGHTING; HEATING
 F27
FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS (specially adapted for a purpose covered by a single other class and specifically mentioned per se in that class, see the class in question, e.g. bakery ovens A21B, glass melting furnaces C03B, coke or gas-making apparatus C10B, C10J, apparatus for cracking hydrocarbons C10G, blast furnaces C21B, converters for making steel C21C, furnaces for heat treatment of metal C21D; furnaces for electroslag or arc remelting of metals C22B 9/00; enamelling ovens C23D; combustion apparatus F23; electric heating H05B)  [4]
 F27

Note(s)

  1. This class covers:
    • furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts, open sintering apparatus, and details or accessories therefor, in general;
    • the arrangement of electrical heating elements in or on furnaces.
  2. This class does not cover:
    • electrical heating elements per se;
    • processes carried on within the furnaces.
  3. In this class, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "furnaces" covers kilns, ovens, or retorts.
 F27D
DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE (combustion apparatus per se F23)
 F27D

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the references and Notes following the title of class F27 and Note III following the Contents of Section of section H.

 F27D 1/00
Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs (refractory material per se C04B; firebridges for combustion chambers F23M 3/00)
 F27D 1/02
·  Crowns; Roofs
 F27D 1/04
·  characterised by the form of the bricks or blocks used
 F27D 1/06
·  ·  Composite bricks or blocks
 F27D 1/08
·  ·  ·  Bricks or blocks with internal reinforcement or metal backing
 F27D 1/10
·  Monolithic linings; Supports therefor
 F27D 1/12
·  incorporating cooling arrangements (constructions of tube assemblies in general F28)
 F27D 1/14
·  Supports for linings (F27D 1/10 takes precedence)
 F27D 1/16
·  Making or repairing linings
 F27D 1/18
·  Door frames; Doors, lids, removable covers
 F27D 3/00
Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge (conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for B65G 49/00; moving charge through a furnace F27B 9/14)
 F27D 3/02
·  Skids or tracks for heavy objects
 F27D 3/04
·  Ram or pusher apparatus
 F27D 3/06
·  Charging or discharging machines on travelling carriages
 F27D 3/08
·  Screw feeders; Screw dischargers
 F27D 3/10
·  Charging directly from hoppers or shoots
 F27D 3/12
·  Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
 F27D 3/14
·  Charging or discharging liquid or molten material
 F27D 3/15
·  Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing slag
 F27D 3/16
·  Introducing a fluid jet or current into the charge (F27D 3/18 takes precedence)  [3]
 F27D 3/18
·  Charging particulate material using a fluid carrier  [3]
 F27D 5/00
Supports, screens, or the like for the charge within the furnace (travelling or movable supports F27D 3/12)
 F27D 7/00
Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
 F27D 7/02
·  Supplying steam, vapour, gases, or liquids
 F27D 7/04
·  Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means
 F27D 7/06
·  Forming or maintaining special atmospheres or vacuum within heating chambers (F27D 7/02 takes precedence)
 F27D 9/00
Cooling of furnaces or of charges therein (F27D 1/00, F27D 3/00 take precedence)
 F27D 11/00
Arrangement of elements for electric heating in or on furnaces (electric heating per se H05B)
 F27D 11/02
·  Ohmic resistance heating
 F27D 11/04
·  ·  with direct passage of current through the material being heated
 F27D 11/06
·  Induction heating, i.e. in which the material being heated, or its container or elements embodied therein, form the secondary of a transformer
 F27D 11/08
·  Heating by electric discharge, e.g. arc discharge
 F27D 11/10
·  ·  Disposition of electrodes (automatic control of temperature G05D 23/00; electric discharge apparatus H01T; arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes H05B 7/10; automatic control of power by positioning of electrodes H05B 7/144)  [3]
 F27D 11/12
·  with electromagnetic fields acting directly on the material being heated
 F27D 13/00
Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
 F27D 15/00
Handling or treating discharged material; Supports or receiving chambers therefor
 F27D 15/02
·  Cooling
 F27D 17/00
Arrangement for using waste heat (heat-exchangers per se F28); Arrangement for using, or disposing of, waste gases (removing fumes in general B08B 15/00)
 F27D 19/00
Arrangement of controlling devices
 F27D 21/00
Arrangement of monitoring devices; Arrangements of safety devices
 F27D 21/02
·  Observation or illuminating devices
 F27D 21/04
·  Arrangements of indicators or alarms
 F27D 23/00
Details or accessories not covered by any preceding group
 F27D 23/02
·  Devices for removing incrustations
 F27D 23/04
·  Stirring devices for molten material (mixing in general B01F)  [3]