F
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  
ENGINES OR PUMPS
 F01 - 
F04

Note(s)

Guide to the use of this subsection (classes F01-F04)

The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme.

  1. In this subsection, subclasses or groups designating "engines" or "pumps" cover methods of operating the same, unless otherwise specifically provided for.
  2. In this subsection, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "engine" means a device for continuously converting fluid energy into mechanical power. Thus, this term includes, for example, steam piston engines or steam turbines, per se, or internal-combustion piston engines, but it excludes single-stroke devices. "Engine" also includes the fluid-motive portion of a meter unless such portion is particularly adapted for use in a meter;
    • "pump" means a device for continuously raising, forcing, compressing, or exhausting fluid by mechanical or other means; thus this term includes fans or blowers;
    • "machine" means a device which could equally be an engine and a pump, and not a device which is restricted to an engine or one which is restricted to a pump;
    • "positive displacement" means the way the energy of a working fluid is transformed into mechanical energy, in which variations of volume created by the working fluid in a working chamber produce equivalent displacements of the mechanical member transmitting the energy, the dynamic effect of the fluid being of minor importance; and vice versa;
    • "non-positive displacement" means the way the energy of a working fluid is transformed into mechanical energy, by transformation of the energy of the working fluid into kinetic energy; and vice versa;
    • "oscillating-piston machine" means a positive-displacement machine in which a fluid-engaging work-transmitting member oscillates. This definition applies also to engines and pumps;
    • "rotary-piston machine" means a positive-displacement machine in which a fluid-engaging work-transmitting member rotates about a fixed axis or about an axis moving along a circular or similar orbit. This definition applies also to engines and pumps;
    • "rotary piston" means the work-transmitting member of a rotary-piston machine and may be of any suitable form, e.g. like a toothed gear;
    • "cooperating members" means the "oscillating piston" or "rotary piston" and another member, e.g. the working-chamber wall, which assists in the driving or pumping action;
    • "movement of the co-operating members" is to be interpreted as relative, so that one of the "co-operating members" may be stationary, even though reference may be made to its rotational axis, or both may move;
    • "teeth or tooth equivalents" include lobes, projections or abutments;
    • "internal-axis type" means that the rotational axes of the inner and outer co-operating members remain at all times within the outer member, e.g., in a similar manner to that of a pinion meshing with the internal teeth of a ring gear;
    • "free piston" means a piston of which the length of stroke is not defined by any member driven thereby;
    • "cylinders" means positive-displacement working chambers in general and thus this term is not restricted to cylinders of circular cross-section;
    • "main shaft" means the shaft which converts reciprocating piston motion into rotary motion or vice versa;
    • "plant" means an engine together with such additional apparatus as is necessary to run the engine. For example, a steam engine plant includes a steam engine and means for generating the steam;
    • "working fluid" means the driven fluid in a pump and the driving fluid in an engine. The working fluid may be in a gaseous state, i.e. compressible, or liquid. In the former case coexistence of two states is possible;
    • "steam" includes condensable vapours in general, and "special vapour" is used when steam is excluded;
    • "reaction type" as applied to non-positive-displacement machines or engines means machines or engines in which pressure/velocity transformation takes place wholly or partly in the rotor; machines or engines with no, or only slight, pressure/velocity transformation in the rotor are called "impulse type".
  3. In this subsection:
  4. For use of this subsection with a good understanding, it is essential to remember, so far as subclasses F01B, F01C, F01D, F03B, and F04B, F04C, F04D, which form its skeleton, are concerned:

 F03
MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS (for liquids and elastic fluids F01; positive-displacement machines for liquids F04); WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, OR MISCELLANEOUS MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
 F03G
SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA, OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER-PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (arrangements in connection with power supply in vehicles from force of nature B60K 16/00; electric propulsion with power supply in vehicles from force of nature B60L 8/00)
 F03G

Note(s)

In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:

  • "motors" means mechanisms for producing mechanical power from potential energy of solid bodies.

 F03G 1/00
Spring motors (spring-driven toys A63H; springs in general F16F; precision time mechanisms, e.g. for clocks or watches, G04B)
 F03G 1/02
·  characterised by shape or material of spring, e.g. helical, spiral, coil
 F03G 1/04
·  ·  using rubber springs
 F03G 1/06
·  Other parts or details
 F03G 1/08
·  ·  for winding
 F03G 1/10
·  ·  for producing output movement other than rotary, e.g. vibratory
 F03G 3/00
Other motors, e.g. gravity or inertia motors
 F03G 3/02
·  using wheels with circumferentially-arranged compartments co-operating with solid falling bodies (F03G 3/04 takes precedence)
 F03G 3/04
·  driven by sand or like fluent solid material
 F03G 3/06
·  using pendulums
 F03G 3/08
·  using flywheels
 F03G 4/00
Devices for producing mechanical power from geothermal energy  [5]
 F03G 4/02
·  with direct fluid contact  [5]
 F03G 4/04
·  with deep-well turbo-pump  [5]
 F03G 4/06
·  with fluid flashing  [5]
 F03G 5/00
Devices for producing mechanical power from muscle energy (driving cycles B62M)
 F03G 5/02
·  of endless-walk type, e.g. treadmills
 F03G 5/04
·  ·  Horsemills or the like
 F03G 5/06
·  other than of endless-walk type
 F03G 5/08
·  ·  for combined actuation by different limbs, e.g. hand and leg
 F03G 6/00
Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy (solar boilers F24)  [5]
 F03G 6/02
·  using a single state working fluid  [5]
 F03G 6/04
·  ·  gaseous  [5]
 F03G 6/06
·  with solar energy concentrating means  [5]
 F03G 7/00
Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for
 F03G 7/02
( transferred to F03G 6/00 )
 F03G 7/04
·  using pressure differences or thermal differences occurring in nature (F03G 7/06 takes precedence)
 F03G 7/05
·  ·  Ocean thermal energy conversion, i.e. OTEC  [5]
 F03G 7/06
·  using expansion or contraction of bodies due to heating, cooling, moistening, drying, or the like (using thermal expansion of non-vaporising liquids F01K)
 F03G 7/08
·  recovering energy derived from swinging, rolling, pitching, or like movements, e.g. from the vibrations of a machine
 F03G 7/10
·  Alleged perpetua mobilia (using hydrostatic thrust F03B 17/04)