|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

PRINTING

|  | B41 |
PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS (reproduction or duplication of pictures or patterns by scanning and converting into electrical signals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04N) [4]

|  | B41B |
MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRONIC COMPOSING DEVICES (photographic devices in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03)

|  | B41C |
PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES (photomechanical processes for producing printing surfaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03F; photoelectrical processes for producing printing surfaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03G)

|  | B41D |
APPARATUS FOR THE MECHANICAL REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES FOR STEREOTYPE PRINTING; SHAPING ELASTIC OR DEFORMABLE MATERIAL TO FORM PRINTING SURFACES (marking or engraving metal by the action of a high concentration of electric current Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23H 9/06; type, machines, or accessories for making, setting, or distributing type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41B; processes for the manufacture or reproduction of printing surfaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41C; machines or apparatus for engraving in general, or for embossing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44B 3/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44B 5/00; chemical etching of metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23F 1/00, electrolytic etching Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25F 3/00; photomechanical reproduction Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03F)

|  | B41F |
PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES (shoemaking machines incorporating printing or embossing apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A43D, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A43D 8/26, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A43D 95/14; presses in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B30B; making of printing surfaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41D; manifolding devices, office printing machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41L; stencilling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41L; printing processes not dependent on the use of special machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41M; duplicating or marking by sublimation or volatilisation of design Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41M 5/035; thermography Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41M 5/26; embossing decorations or marks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44B 5/00; handling thin or filamentary material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H; electrography, electrophotography, magnetography Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03G) [4]

|  | B41G |
APPARATUS FOR BRONZE PRINTING, LINE PRINTING, OR FOR BORDERING OR EDGING SHEETS OR LIKE ARTICLES; AUXILIARY APPARATUS FOR PERFORATING IN CONJUNCTION WITH PRINTING (perforating in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26D; production of decorations Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44C; perforating in conjunction with sheet or web delivery Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 35/00; folding or unfolding thin material, e.g. sheets, webs, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 45/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 47/00)

|  | B41J |
TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME; CORRECTION OF TYPOGRAPHICAL ERRORS (composing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41B; printing on special surfaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41F; laundry marking Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41K; erasers, rubbers or erasing devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B43L 19/00; fluid media for correction of typographical errors by coating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 10/00; recording in connection with measuring Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01D; recognition or presentation of data, marking record carriers in digital fashion, e.g. by punching, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06K; franking or ticket-printing and issuing apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G07B; electric keyboard switches, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01H 13/70, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03K 17/94; coding in connection with keyboards or like devices, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03M 11/00; receivers or transmitters for transmission of digital information Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04L; transmission or reproduction of pictures or patterns not varying in time, e.g. facsimile transmission, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04N 1/00; printing mechanisms specially adapted for apparatus, e.g. cash registers, weighing machines, producing records of their own performance, see the relevant subclasses)

|  | B41J |
Note(s) This subclass covers: manually controlled power-operated apparatus or apparatus of this type with additional control by input of recorded information, e.g. on punched cards or tapes; the "print-out" features of apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals in so far as these are of general interest, e.g. impression, inking, line-spacing mechanisms, printing heads. [5] This subclass does not cover: electrical features of apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals and of interest apart from the "print-out" features of said apparatus; apparatus controlled by record carriers or electric signals, as a whole. [5] In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated: "paper" covers also similar flexible copy material; [3] "printing material" covers both paper and temporary record carriers from which records are transferred to a paper, but does not cover printing masters, e.g. formes. [5]

|  | B41K |
STAMPS; STAMPING OR NUMBERING APPARATUS OR DEVICES (marking meat Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A22C 17/10; embossing combined with printing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41F 19/00; selective printing mechanisms Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41J; embossing decorations or marks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44B 5/00; marking or coding completed packages Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B 61/26; ticket printing and issuing, fare registering, non-printing aspects of franking apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G07B)

|  | B41L |
APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING, OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSING MACHINES OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES (printing presses or machines for industrial purposes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41F; stamps, stamping or numbering devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41K)

|  | B41L |
Note(s) This subclass does not cover constituent parts common to manifolding by means of pressure-sensitive layers or intermediaries, to apparatus or machines for duplicating or printing for office or other commercial purposes, or to addressing machines or like series-printing machines, which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41F. In this subclass, as indicated by the references, groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41L 15/00 and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41L 17/00 are intended to cover letterpress and lithographic printing apparatus only in so far as it is specially adapted for office or other commercial purposes; the general constructions or features of apparatus of these types are classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41F. Constructions or features determining classification in these groups are, for example: ease of operation by clerical staff, cleanliness of operation in non-industrial environments, the use of printing surfaces constructed for the production of a limited number of copies. In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: "manifolding" means the obtaining of several copies simultaneously by means of pressure-sensitive layers when making an original; "duplicating" means the obtaining of successive copies from a master, e.g. a hectographic image; "stencilling" involves the use of a printing surface which is perforated to form the image, the ink flowing through the perforations on the copy material.

|  | B41M |
PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING PROCESSES; COLOUR PRINTING (correction of typographical errors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41J; processes for applying transfer pictures or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44C 1/16; fluid media for correction of typographical errors by coating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 10/00; printing textiles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D06P)

|  | B41N |
PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS (photosensitive materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03); MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE OR CONSERVING THEM