|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

SHAPING

|  | B21 |
MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL (casting, powder metallurgy Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22; shearing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23D; working of metal by the action of a high concentration of electric current Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23H; soldering, welding, flame-cutting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; other working of metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P; punching sheet material in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26F; processes for changing of physical properties of metals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C21D, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C22F; electroforming Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25D 1/00)

|  | B21 |
Note(s) This class does not cover: combinations of operations covered by different subclasses of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21, which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P; combinations of operations covered by any particular subclass of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21 with operations covered by other classes, e.g. with operations involving removal of material, which are also covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P, except that if the operations covered by the other classes are subsidiary to the operations properly covered by a single subclass of Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21 the combination is classified in that subclass. Processes of a kind covered by this class but applied to non-metallic materials are classified in this class if they are applicable to metal and cannot be classified fully in another class.

|  | B21D |
WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING (operations of the kind involved in the manufacture of such products per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21C; working or processing of wire Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21F; cutting or severing devices or machines in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26; presses in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B30B)

|  | B21D |
Note(s) This subclass covers cutting or perforating of sheet metal or other stock material. This subclass does not cover the working of metal foils in a manner analogous to the working of paper, which is covered by classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31.

|  | B21D 1/00 - B21D 21/00 |
Straightening; Restoring form; Bending; Corrugating; Flanging

|  | B21D 1/00 |
Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 3/00 takes precedence); Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling (working sheet metal of limited length by stretching Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 25/00; by localised hammering Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 31/06) [2]

|  | B21D 1/02 |
· | by rollers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 1/06 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 1/05 |
· | Stretching combined with rolling [2]

|  | B21D 1/06 |
· | Removing local distortions

|  | B21D 1/08 |
· · | of hollow bodies made from sheet metal (of substantially open bodies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 1/10)

|  | B21D 1/10 |
· · | of specific articles made from sheet metal, e.g. mudguards

|  | B21D 1/12 |
· | Straightening vehicle body parts or bodies (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 1/14 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 1/14 |
· | Straightening frame structures

|  | B21D 3/00 |
Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts (straightening of well casings in situ Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B)

|  | B21D 3/02 |
· | by rollers

|  | B21D 3/04 |
· · | arranged on axes skew to the path of the work

|  | B21D 3/05 |
· · | arranged on axes rectangular to the path of the work [2]

|  | B21D 3/06 |
· · | arranged inclined to a revolving flier rolling frame

|  | B21D 3/08 |
· · | which move in an orbit without rotating round the work

|  | B21D 3/10 |
· | between rams and anvils or abutments

|  | B21D 3/12 |
· | by stretching with or without twisting (by twisting only Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 11/14)

|  | B21D 3/14 |
· | Recontouring

|  | B21D 3/16 |
· | of specific articles made from metal rods, tubes, or profiles, e.g. crankshafts, by specially-adapted methods or means

|  | B21D 5/00 |
Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 11/06-B21D 11/18 take precedence; corrugating sheet metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 13/00; as edge treatment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 19/00)

|  | B21D 5/01 |
· | between rams and anvils or abutments

|  | B21D 5/02 |
· | on press brakes without making use of clamping means

|  | B21D 5/04 |
· | on brakes making use of clamping means on one side of the work

|  | B21D 5/06 |
· | by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles

|  | B21D 5/08 |
· · | making use of forming-rollers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 5/12 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 5/10 |
· · | for making tubes

|  | B21D 5/12 |
· · · | making use of forming-rollers

|  | B21D 5/14 |
· | by passing between rollers (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 5/06 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 5/16 |
· | Folding; Pleating

|  | B21D 7/00 |
Bending rods, profiles, or tubes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 11/02-B21D 11/18 take precedence; using mandrels or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 9/00)

|  | B21D 7/02 |
· | over a stationary forming member; by use of a swinging forming member or abutment [2]

|  | B21D 7/022 |
· · | over a stationary forming member only [2]

|  | B21D 7/024 |
· · | by a swinging forming member

|  | B21D 7/025 |
· · · | and pulling or pushing the ends of the work

|  | B21D 7/028 |
· · · | and altering the profile at the same time, e.g. forming bumpers

|  | B21D 7/03 |
· · | Apparatus with means to keep the profile in shape

|  | B21D 7/04 |
· | over a movably-arranged forming member (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 7/02 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 7/06 |
· | in press brakes or between rams and anvils or abutments; Pliers with forming dies

|  | B21D 7/08 |
· | by passing between rollers or through a curved die

|  | B21D 7/10 |
· | by abutting members and flexible bending means, e.g. with chains, ropes

|  | B21D 7/12 |
· | with programme control

|  | B21D 7/14 |
· | combined with measuring of bends or lengths

|  | B21D 7/16 |
· | Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends

|  | B21D 9/00 |
Bending tubes using mandrels or the like (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 11/02-B21D 11/18 take precedence)

|  | B21D 9/01 |
· | the mandrel being flexible and engaging the entire tube length

|  | B21D 9/03 |
· · | and built-up from loose elements, e.g. series of balls

|  | B21D 9/04 |
· | the mandrel being rigid [2]

|  | B21D 9/05 |
· | co-operating with forming members

|  | B21D 9/07 |
· · | with one or more swinging forming members engaging tube ends only

|  | B21D 9/08 |
· | in press brakes or between rams and anvils or abutments; Pliers with forming dies

|  | B21D 9/10 |
· | by passing between rollers

|  | B21D 9/12 |
· | by pushing over a curved mandrel; by pushing through a curved die

|  | B21D 9/14 |
· | Wrinkle-bending, i.e. bending by corrugating

|  | B21D 9/15 |
· | using filling material of indefinite shape, e.g. sand, plastic material (filling of tubes with such material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 9/16) [2]

|  | B21D 9/16 |
· | Auxiliary equipment, e.g. machines for filling tubes with sand

|  | B21D 9/18 |
· · | for heating or cooling of bends

|  | B21D 11/00 |
Bending not restricted to forms of material mentioned in only one of groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 7/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 9/00; Bending not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 5/00-B21D 9/00 (corrugating or bending into wave form Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 15/00; flanging Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 19/00); Twisting [2]

|  | B21D 11/02 |
· | Bending by stretching or pulling over a die (working sheet metal of limited length by stretching Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 25/00)

|  | B21D 11/06 |
· | Bending into helical or spiral form; Forming a succession of return bends, e.g. serpentine form (making helically seamed tubing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21C 37/12)

|  | B21D 11/07 |
· · | Making serpentine-shaped articles by bending essentially in one plane

|  | B21D 11/08 |
· | Bending by altering the thickness of part of the cross-section of the work (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 11/06 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 11/10 |
· | Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs

|  | B21D 11/12 |
· · | the articles being reinforcements for concrete

|  | B21D 11/14 |
· | Twisting

|  | B21D 11/15 |
· · | reinforcing rods for concrete

|  | B21D 11/16 |
· · | crankshafts

|  | B21D 11/18 |
· | Joggling

|  | B21D 11/20 |
· | Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for

|  | B21D 11/22 |
· | Auxiliary equipment, e.g. positioning devices

|  | B21D 13/00 |
Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form (tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 15/00)

|  | B21D 13/02 |
· | by pressing

|  | B21D 13/04 |
· | by rolling

|  | B21D 13/06 |
· | by drawing

|  | B21D 13/08 |
· | by combined methods

|  | B21D 13/10 |
· | into a peculiar profiling shape

|  | B21D 15/00 |
Corrugating tubes (wrinkle-bending using mandrels or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 9/14) [2]

|  | B21D 15/02 |
· | longitudinally

|  | B21D 15/03 |
· · | by applying fluid pressure

|  | B21D 15/04 |
· | transversely, e.g. helically

|  | B21D 15/06 |
· · | annularly

|  | B21D 15/10 |
· · | by applying fluid pressure

|  | B21D 15/12 |
· | Bending tubes into wave form

|  | B21D 17/00 |
Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles

|  | B21D 17/02 |
· | by pressing (grooving or notching of bolts, studs, or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21K 1/54)

|  | B21D 17/04 |
· | by rolling

|  | B21D 19/00 |
Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes (connecting by making use of folds Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 39/00; flaring out tube ends Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 41/02)

|  | B21D 19/02 |
· | by continuously-acting tools moving along the edge (edge-curling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 19/12)

|  | B21D 19/04 |
· · | shaped as rollers

|  | B21D 19/06 |
· · · | working inwardly

|  | B21D 19/08 |
· | by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws

|  | B21D 19/10 |
· · | working inwardly

|  | B21D 19/12 |
· | Edge-curling

|  | B21D 19/14 |
· · | Reinforcing edges, e.g. armouring same

|  | B21D 19/16 |
· | Reverse flanging of tube ends

|  | B21D 21/00 |
Combined processes according to methods covered by groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 1/00-B21D 19/00

|  | B21D 22/00 - B21D 28/00 |
Stamping; Spinning; Deep-drawing; Working sheet metal of limited length by stretching; Punching

|  | B21D 22/00 |
Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing (otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 26/00)

|  | B21D 22/02 |
· | Stamping using rigid devices or tools

|  | B21D 22/04 |
· · | for dimpling (combined with perforating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 28/24)

|  | B21D 22/06 |
· · | having relatively-movable die parts

|  | B21D 22/08 |
· · | with die parts on rotating carriers

|  | B21D 22/10 |
· | Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads

|  | B21D 22/12 |
· · | using enclosed flexible chambers

|  | B21D 22/14 |
· | Spinning

|  | B21D 22/16 |
· · | over shaping mandrels or formers

|  | B21D 22/18 |
· · | using tools guided to produce the required profile

|  | B21D 22/20 |
· | Deep-drawing (special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 24/00)

|  | B21D 22/21 |
· · | without fixing the border of the blank [2]

|  | B21D 22/22 |
· · | with devices for holding the edge of the blanks (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 22/24-B21D 22/30 take precedence; shaping over a die without external former Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 11/02)

|  | B21D 22/24 |
· · | involving two drawing operations having effects in opposite directions with respect to the blank

|  | B21D 22/26 |
· · | for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles

|  | B21D 22/28 |
· · | of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies

|  | B21D 22/30 |
· · | to finish articles formed by deep-drawing

|  | B21D 24/00 |
Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses

|  | B21D 24/02 |
· | Die-cushions

|  | B21D 24/04 |
· | Blank holders; Mounting means therefor

|  | B21D 24/06 |
· · | Mechanically spring-loaded blank holders

|  | B21D 24/08 |
· · | Pneumatically or hydraulically loaded blank holders

|  | B21D 24/10 |
· | Devices controlling or operating blank holders independently, or in conjunction with dies

|  | B21D 24/12 |
· · | mechanically

|  | B21D 24/14 |
· · | pneumatically or hydraulically

|  | B21D 24/16 |
· | Additional equipment in association with the tools, e.g. for shearing, for trimming

|  | B21D 25/00 |
Working sheet metal of limited length by stretching, e.g. for straightening [2]

|  | B21D 25/02 |
· | by pulling over a die [2]

|  | B21D 25/04 |
· | Clamping arrangements [2]

|  | B21D 26/00 |
Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces (stamping using resilient pads Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 22/10)

|  | B21D 26/02 |
· | by applying fluid pressure [2]

|  | B21D 26/06 |
· · | by shock waves

|  | B21D 26/08 |
· · · | generated by explosives, e.g. chemical explosives

|  | B21D 26/10 |
· · · | generated by evaporation, e.g. of wire, of liquids

|  | B21D 26/12 |
· · · | initiated by spark discharge [2]

|  | B21D 26/14 |
· | applying magnetic forces

|  | B21D 28/00 |
Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating

|  | B21D 28/02 |
· | Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap (cutting nails or pins from strips or sheet material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21G 3/26); Notching

|  | B21D 28/04 |
· · | Centering the work; Positioning the tools

|  | B21D 28/06 |
· · | Making more than one part out of the same blank; Scrapless working

|  | B21D 28/08 |
· · · | Zig-zag sequence working

|  | B21D 28/10 |
· · | Incompletely punching in such a manner that the parts are still coherent with the work

|  | B21D 28/12 |
· · | Punching using rotatable carriers

|  | B21D 28/14 |
· · | Dies (ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in punching machines or tools Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 45/00)

|  | B21D 28/16 |
· · | Shoulder or burr prevention

|  | B21D 28/18 |
· · | Yieldable, e.g. rubber, punching pads

|  | B21D 28/20 |
· · | Applications of drives

|  | B21D 28/22 |
· · | Notching the peripheries of circular blanks, e.g. laminations for dynamo-electric machines

|  | B21D 28/24 |
· | Perforating, i.e. punching holes

|  | B21D 28/26 |
· · | in sheets or flat parts

|  | B21D 28/28 |
· · | in tubes or other hollow bodies

|  | B21D 28/30 |
· · | in annular parts, e.g. rims

|  | B21D 28/32 |
· · | in other articles of special shape

|  | B21D 28/34 |
· · | Perforating tools; Die holders

|  | B21D 28/36 |
· · | using rotatable work or tool holders

|  | B21D 31/00 |
Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles (deforming one surface of tubes helically by rolling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21H 3/00; upsetting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21J 5/08; working metal by removing material therefrom Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23; embossing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44B)

|  | B21D 31/02 |
· | Stabbing or piercing, e.g. for making sieves (dimpling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 22/04; perforating by punching Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 28/24)

|  | B21D 31/04 |
· | Expanding other than provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 1/00-B21D 28/00, e.g. for making expanded metal (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 47/00 takes precedence; enlarging tube ends Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 41/02) [2]

|  | B21D 31/06 |
· | Deforming sheet metal, tubes or profiles by sequential impacts, e.g. hammering, beating (forging hammers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21J 7/00)

|  | B21D 33/00 |
Special measures in connection with working metal foils, e.g. gold foils (cutting or perforating of metal foil analogous to paper Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26)

|  | B21D 35/00 |
Combined processes according to methods covered by groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 1/00-B21D 31/00 (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 21/00 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 37/00 |
Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass (forms or constructions of tools uniquely adapted for particular operations in the relevant groups for the operations)

|  | B21D 37/01 |
· | Selection of materials [2]

|  | B21D 37/02 |
· | Die constructions enabling assembly of the die parts in different ways (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 37/06 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 37/04 |
· | Movable or exchangeable mountings for tools

|  | B21D 37/06 |
· · | Pivotally-arranged tools, e.g. disengageable (die sets with dies pivoted to one another Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 37/12)

|  | B21D 37/08 |
· | Dies with different parts for several steps in a process

|  | B21D 37/10 |
· | Die sets; Pillar guides

|  | B21D 37/12 |
· · | Particular guiding equipment; Special arrangements for interconnection or cooperation of dies

|  | B21D 37/14 |
· | Particular arrangements for handling and holding in place complete dies

|  | B21D 37/16 |
· | Heating or cooling

|  | B21D 37/18 |
· | Lubricating

|  | B21D 37/20 |
· | Making tools by operations not covered a single other subclass

|  | B21D 39/00 |
Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating (riveting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21J; uniting components by forging or pressing to form integral members Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21K 25/00; welding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; press-fitting, force-fitting, or shrinking in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P 11/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P 19/00; by adhesives Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16B 11/00); Tube expanders

|  | B21D 39/02 |
· | of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder

|  | B21D 39/03 |
· | of sheet metal otherwise than by folding [2]

|  | B21D 39/04 |
· | of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods

|  | B21D 39/06 |
· | of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in

|  | B21D 39/08 |
· | Tube expanders

|  | B21D 39/10 |
· · | with rollers for expanding only

|  | B21D 39/12 |
· · | with rollers for expanding and flanging

|  | B21D 39/14 |
· · | with balls

|  | B21D 39/16 |
· · | with torque limiting devices

|  | B21D 39/18 |
· · | Rollers of special shape

|  | B21D 39/20 |
· · | with mandrels, e.g. expandable [2]

|  | B21D 41/00 |
Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 39/00 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 41/02 |
· | Enlarging

|  | B21D 41/04 |
· | Reducing; Closing

|  | B21D 43/00 |
Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices (cutting devices associated with the tool, see the relevant group for the tool)

|  | B21D 43/02 |
· | Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool

|  | B21D 43/04 |
· · | by means in mechanical engagement with the work

|  | B21D 43/05 |
· · · | specially adapted for multi-stage presses

|  | B21D 43/06 |
· · · | by positive or negative engaging parts co-operating with corresponding parts of the sheet or the like to be processed, e.g. carrier bolts or grooved section in the carriers

|  | B21D 43/08 |
· · · | by rollers

|  | B21D 43/09 |
· · · · | by one or more pairs of rollers for feeding sheet or strip material [2]

|  | B21D 43/10 |
· · · | by grippers

|  | B21D 43/11 |
· · · · | for feeding sheet or strip material [2]

|  | B21D 43/12 |
· · · | by chains or belts

|  | B21D 43/13 |
· · · | by linearly moving tables [2]

|  | B21D 43/14 |
· · · | by turning devices, e.g. turn-tables

|  | B21D 43/16 |
· · | by gravity, e.g. chutes

|  | B21D 43/18 |
· · | by means in pneumatic or magnetic engagement with the work

|  | B21D 43/20 |
· | Storage arrangements; Piling or unpiling (in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G)

|  | B21D 43/22 |
· · | Devices for piling sheets

|  | B21D 43/24 |
· · | Devices for removing sheets from a stack

|  | B21D 43/26 |
· | Stops

|  | B21D 43/28 |
· | Associations of cutting devices therewith

|  | B21D 45/00 |
Ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in machines or tools dealt with in this subclass

|  | B21D 45/02 |
· | Ejecting devices [2]

|  | B21D 45/04 |
· · | interrelated with motion of tool [2]

|  | B21D 45/06 |
· | Stripping-off devices [2]

|  | B21D 45/08 |
· · | interrelated with motion of tool [2]

|  | B21D 45/10 |
· | Combined ejecting and stripping-off devices [2]

|  | B21D 47/00 - B21D 53/00 |
Processing sheet metal or metal tubes, or processing metal profiles according to any of the preceding groups, in the manufacture of finished or semi-finished articles

|  | B21D 47/00 |
Making rigid structural elements or units, e.g. honeycomb structures

|  | B21D 47/01 |
· | beams or pillars [2]

|  | B21D 47/02 |
· · | by expanding [2]

|  | B21D 47/04 |
· | composite sheet metal profiles

|  | B21D 49/00 |
Sheathing or stiffening objects (by winding wire or tape thereon Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 54/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 81/00; specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01B 13/26)

|  | B21D 51/00 |
Making hollow objects (from thick-walled or non-uniform tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21K 21/00)

|  | B21D 51/02 |
· | not characterised by the particular use (cans or tins Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 51/26)

|  | B21D 51/04 |
· · | built-up objects, e.g. objects with rigidly-attached bottom or cover

|  | B21D 51/06 |
· · | folded objects

|  | B21D 51/08 |
· · | ball-shaped objects

|  | B21D 51/10 |
· · | conically or cylindrically shaped objects

|  | B21D 51/12 |
· · | objects with corrugated walls

|  | B21D 51/14 |
· · | Flattening hollow objects for transport or storage; Re-forming same (making tubes from doubled flat material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21C 37/14)

|  | B21D 51/16 |
· | characterised by the particular structure or use (making heat exchangers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 53/02)

|  | B21D 51/18 |
· · | vessels, e.g. tubs, vats, tanks, sinks, or the like

|  | B21D 51/20 |
· · · | barrels

|  | B21D 51/22 |
· · · | pots, e.g. for cooking

|  | B21D 51/24 |
· · | high-pressure containers, e.g. boilers, bottles

|  | B21D 51/26 |
· · | cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner (making outlet arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 51/38; welding or soldering Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K) [2]

|  | B21D 51/28 |
· · · | Folding the longitudinal seam

|  | B21D 51/30 |
· · · | Folding the circumferential seam

|  | B21D 51/32 |
· · · · | by rolling

|  | B21D 51/34 |
· · · · | by pressing

|  | B21D 51/36 |
· · | collapsible or like thin-walled tubes, e.g. for toothpaste

|  | B21D 51/38 |
· · | Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels

|  | B21D 51/40 |
· · · | Making outlet openings, e.g. bung holes

|  | B21D 51/42 |
· · · · | Making or attaching spouts

|  | B21D 51/44 |
· · · | Making closures, e.g. caps (folded of thin metal foils in the way of making paper caps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31D 5/00; making closures in conjunction with applying same Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B67B)

|  | B21D 51/46 |
· · · · | Placing sealings or sealing material

|  | B21D 51/48 |
· · · · | Making crown caps

|  | B21D 51/50 |
· · · · | Making screw caps

|  | B21D 51/52 |
· · | boxes, cigarette cases, or the like

|  | B21D 51/54 |
· · | cartridge cases, e.g. for ammunition, for letter carriers in pneumatic-tube plants

|  | B21D 53/00 |
Making other particular articles (making chains or chain parts Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21L)

|  | B21D 53/02 |
· | heat exchangers, e.g. radiators, condensers (making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip material or the like to tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21C 37/22) [2]

|  | B21D 53/04 |
· · | of sheet metal

|  | B21D 53/06 |
· · | of metal tubes

|  | B21D 53/08 |
· · | of both metal tubes and sheet metal (connecting tubes in openings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 39/06)

|  | B21D 53/10 |
· | parts of bearings; sleeves; valve seats or the like

|  | B21D 53/12 |
· · | cages for bearings

|  | B21D 53/14 |
· | belts, e.g. machine-gun belts

|  | B21D 53/16 |
· | rings, e.g. barrel hoops

|  | B21D 53/18 |
· · | of hollow or C-shaped cross-section, e.g. for curtains, for eyelets

|  | B21D 53/20 |
· · | washers, e.g. for sealing

|  | B21D 53/22 |
· · · | with means for preventing rotation

|  | B21D 53/24 |
· | nuts or like thread-engaging members

|  | B21D 53/26 |
· | wheels or the like

|  | B21D 53/28 |
· · | gear wheels

|  | B21D 53/30 |
· · | wheel rims

|  | B21D 53/32 |
· · | wheel covers

|  | B21D 53/34 |
· · | brake drums

|  | B21D 53/36 |
· | clips, clamps, or like fastening or attaching devices, e.g. for electric installation

|  | B21D 53/38 |
· | locksmith's goods, e.g. handles

|  | B21D 53/40 |
· · | hinges, e.g. door hinge plates

|  | B21D 53/42 |
· · | keys

|  | B21D 53/44 |
· | fancy goods, e.g. jewellery products (making wire fabrics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21F)

|  | B21D 53/46 |
· | haberdashery, e.g. buckles, combs; pronged fasteners, e.g. staples

|  | B21D 53/48 |
· · | buttons, e.g. press-buttons, snap fasteners

|  | B21D 53/50 |
· · | metal slide-fastener parts

|  | B21D 53/52 |
· · · | fastener elements; Attaching such elements so far as this procedure is combined with the process for making the elements

|  | B21D 53/54 |
· · · | slides

|  | B21D 53/56 |
· · · | stops

|  | B21D 53/58 |
· | end-pieces for laces or ropes

|  | B21D 53/60 |
· | cutlery wares; garden tools or the like

|  | B21D 53/62 |
· · | spoons; table forks

|  | B21D 53/64 |
· · | knives; scissors; cutting blades (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 53/72 takes precedence; handle portions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 53/70)

|  | B21D 53/66 |
· · | spades; shovels (handle portions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 53/70)

|  | B21D 53/68 |
· · | rakes, garden forks, or the like (handle portions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 53/70)

|  | B21D 53/70 |
· · | handle portions (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 53/72 takes precedence)

|  | B21D 53/72 |
· · | sickles; scythes

|  | B21D 53/74 |
· | frames for openings, e.g. for windows, doors, handbags

|  | B21D 53/76 |
· | writing or drawing instruments, e.g. writing pens, erasing pens

|  | B21D 53/78 |
· | propeller blades; turbine blades

|  | B21D 53/80 |
· | dustproof covers; safety covers

|  | B21D 53/82 |
· | perforated music sheets; pattern sheets, e.g. for control purposes, stencils

|  | B21D 53/84 |
· | other parts for engines, e.g. connecting-rods

|  | B21D 53/86 |
· | other parts for bicycles or motorcycles

|  | B21D 53/88 |
· | other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards

|  | B21D 53/90 |
· · | axle-housings

|  | B21D 53/92 |
· | other parts for aircraft

|  | B21D 55/00 |
Safety devices protecting the machine or the operator, specially adapted for apparatus or machines dealt with in this subclass (for presses in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B30B; safety devices in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16P)