F
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  
LIGHTING; HEATING
 F23
COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
 F23

Note(s)

In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:

  • "combustion" means the direct combination of oxygen gas, e.g. in air, and a burnable substance. Any other heat-producing combination of chemical substances, e.g. hydrogen peroxide and methane, iron oxide and aluminium, is covered by section C or by subclass F24J;
  • "combustion chamber" means a chamber in which fuel is burned to establish a self-supporting fire or flame and which surrounds that fire or flame;
  • "burner" means a device by which fluent fuel is passed to a combustion space where it burns to produce a self-supporting flame;
  • "air" means a mixture of gases containing free oxygen and able to promote or support combustion.

 F23D
BURNERS (generating combustion products of high pressure or high velocity F23R)
 F23D 1/00
Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel (disposition of burners F23C)
 F23D 1/02
·  Vortex burners, e.g. for cyclone-type combustion apparatus
 F23D 1/04
·  Burners producing cylindrical flames without centrifugal action
 F23D 1/06
·  Burners producing sheet flames
 F23D 3/00 - 
F23D 11/00
Combustion of a liquid
 F23D 3/00
Burners using capillary action
 F23D 3/02
·  Wick burners
 F23D 3/04
·  ·  with flame spreaders (F23D 3/12 takes precedence)
 F23D 3/06
·  ·  Inverted wick burners, e.g. for illumination
 F23D 3/08
·  ·  characterised by shape, construction, or material, of wick
 F23D 3/10
·  ·  Blue-flame burners
 F23D 3/12
·  ·  ·  with flame spreaders
 F23D 3/14
·  ·  ·  with mixing of air and fuel vapour in a chamber before the flame
 F23D 3/16
·  ·  using candles (candles per se C11C)
 F23D 3/18
·  ·  Details of wick burners
 F23D 3/20
·  ·  ·  Flame spreaders
 F23D 3/22
·  ·  ·  Devices for mixing evaporated fuel with air
 F23D 3/24
·  ·  ·  Carriers for wicks
 F23D 3/26
·  ·  ·  ·  Safety devices thereon
 F23D 3/28
·  ·  ·  Wick-adjusting devices
 F23D 3/30
·  ·  ·  ·  directly engaging with the wick
 F23D 3/32
·  ·  ·  ·  engaging with a tube carrying the wick
 F23D 3/34
·  ·  ·  ·  Wick stop devices; Wick-fixing devices
 F23D 3/36
·  ·  ·  Devices for trimming wicks
 F23D 3/38
·  ·  ·  Devices for replacement of wicks
 F23D 3/40
·  the capillary action taking place in one or more rigid porous bodies
 F23D 5/00
Burners in which liquid fuel evaporates in the combustion space, with or without chemical conversion of evaporated fuel
 F23D 5/02
·  the liquid forming a pool, e.g. bowl-type evaporators, dish-type evaporators
 F23D 5/04
·  ·  Pot-type evaporators, i.e. using a partially-enclosed combustion space
 F23D 5/06
·  the liquid forming a film on one or more plane or convex surfaces
 F23D 5/08
·  ·  on cascaded surfaces
 F23D 5/10
·  ·  on grids
 F23D 5/12
·  Details
 F23D 5/14
·  ·  Maintaining predetermined amount of fuel in evaporator
 F23D 5/16
·  ·  Safety devices
 F23D 5/18
·  ·  Preheating devices
 F23D 7/00
Burners in which drops of liquid fuel impinge on a surface
 F23D 9/00
Burners in which a stream of liquid fuel impinges intermittently on a hot surface
 F23D 11/00
Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space (spraying in general B05B, B05D)
 F23D 11/02
·  the combustion space being a chamber substantially at atmospheric pressure
 F23D 11/04
·  the spraying action being obtained by centrifugal action
 F23D 11/06
·  ·  using a horizontal shaft
 F23D 11/08
·  ·  using a vertical shaft
 F23D 11/10
·  the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
 F23D 11/12
·  ·  characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlets from the nozzle
 F23D 11/14
·  ·  ·  with a single outlet, e.g. slit
 F23D 11/16
·  ·  in which an emulsion of water and fuel is sprayed
 F23D 11/18
·  ·  the gaseous medium being water vapour generated at the nozzle
 F23D 11/20
·  ·  ·  the water vapour being superheated
 F23D 11/22
·  ·  the gaseous medium being vaporised fuel, e.g. for a soldering lamp
 F23D 11/24
·  by pressurisation of the fuel before a nozzle through which it is sprayed by a substantial pressure reduction into a space
 F23D 11/26
·  ·  with provision for varying the rate at which the fuel is sprayed
 F23D 11/28
·  ·  ·  with flow-back of fuel at the burner, e.g. using by-pass
 F23D 11/30
·  ·  ·  with return feed of uncombusted sprayed fuel to reservoir
 F23D 11/32
·  by electrostatic means
 F23D 11/34
·  by ultrasonic means
 F23D 11/36
·  Details
 F23D 11/38
·  ·  Nozzles (nozzles in general B05B); Cleaning devices therefor
 F23D 11/40
·  ·  Mixing tubes; Burner heads
 F23D 11/42
·  ·  Starting devices (igniting F23Q)
 F23D 11/44
·  ·  Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
 F23D 11/46
·  ·  Devices on the vaporiser for controlling the feeding of the fuel
 F23D 13/00 - 
F23D 13/18
( transferred to F23D 14/00 )
 F23D 13/20
( transferred to F23D 14/00, F23G 7/08 )
 F23D 13/22 - 
F23D 13/48
( transferred to F23D 14/00 )
 F23D 14/00
Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid  [4]
 F23D 14/02
·  Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone  [4]
 F23D 14/04
·  ·  induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner  [4]
 F23D 14/06
·  ·  ·  with radial outlets at the burner head  [4]
 F23D 14/08
·  ·  ·  with axial outlets at the burner head  [4]
 F23D 14/10
·  ·  ·  with elongated tubular burner head  [4]
 F23D 14/12
·  Radiant burners  [4]
 F23D 14/14
·  ·  using screens or perforated plates  [4]
 F23D 14/16
·  ·  using permeable blocks  [4]
 F23D 14/18
·  ·  using catalysis for flameless combustion  [4]
 F23D 14/20
·  Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone (F23D 14/30-F23D 14/44 take precedence)  [4]
 F23D 14/22
·  ·  with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other  [4]
 F23D 14/24
·  ·  ·  at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion  [4]
 F23D 14/26
·  with provision for a retention flame (pilot flame igniters F23Q 9/00)  [4]
 F23D 14/28
·  in association with a gaseous fuel source, e.g. acetylene generator, or a container for liquefied gas  [4]
 F23D 14/30
·  Inverted burners, e.g. for illumination  [4]
 F23D 14/32
·  using a mixture of gaseous fuel and pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched air (F23D 14/38 takes precedence)  [4]
 F23D 14/34
·  Burners specially adapted for use with means for pressurising the gaseous fuel or the combustion air (F23D 14/38 takes precedence)  [4]
 F23D 14/36
·  ·  in which the compressor and burner form a single unit  [4]
 F23D 14/38
·  Torches, e.g. for cutting, brazing, welding or heating (nozzles F23D 14/48)  [4]
 F23D 14/40
·  ·  for welding (F23D 14/44 takes precedence)  [4]
 F23D 14/42
·  ·  for cutting (F23D 14/44 takes precedence)  [4]
 F23D 14/44
·  ·  for use under water  [4]
 F23D 14/46
·  Details  [4]
 F23D 14/48
·  ·  Nozzles (for spraying or coating B05B)  [4]
 F23D 14/50
·  ·  ·  Cleaning devices therefor  [4]
 F23D 14/52
·  ·  ·  for torches; for blow-pipes  [4]
 F23D 14/54
·  ·  ·  ·  for cutting or welding metal  [4]
 F23D 14/56
·  ·  ·  for spreading the flame over an area, e.g. for desurfacing of solid material, for surface hardening, for heating workpieces (scarfing by applying flames B23K 7/00)  [4]
 F23D 14/58
·  ·  ·  characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration  [4]
 F23D 14/60
·  ·  Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air (regulation of combustion in general F23N)  [4]
 F23D 14/62
·  ·  Mixing devices; Mixing tubes  [4]
 F23D 14/64
·  ·  ·  with injectors  [4]
 F23D 14/66
·  ·  Preheating the combustion air or gas  [4]
 F23D 14/68
·  ·  Treating the combustion air or gas, e.g. by filtering, by moistening (in general B01)  [4]
 F23D 14/70
·  ·  Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices  [4]
 F23D 14/72
·  ·  Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply (protection or supervision of pipe-line systems F17D 5/00)  [4]
 F23D 14/74
·  ·  ·  Preventing flame lift-off (F23D 14/70 takes precedence)  [4]
 F23D 14/76
·  ·  ·  Protecting flame and burner parts  [4]
 F23D 14/78
·  ·  ·  Cooling burner parts  [4]
 F23D 14/80
·  ·  ·  Selection of a non-toxic gas  [4]
 F23D 14/82
·  ·  ·  Preventing flashback or blowback (F23D 14/70 takes precedence; in gas feed lines A62C 4/02)  [4]
 F23D 14/84
·  ·  Flame spreading or otherwise shaping (F23D 14/70 takes precedence)  [4]
 F23D 15/00
( transferred to F23D 14/00 )
 F23D 17/00 - 
F23D 23/00
Other burners
 F23D 17/00
Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
 F23D 21/00
Burners not otherwise provided for
 F23D 23/00
Assemblies of two or more burners (gas burners with provision for a retention flame F23D 14/26; disposition of burners F23C; for industrial furnaces F27)