H
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY
 H01
BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
 H01

Note(s)

Processes involving only a single technical art, e.g. drying, coating, for which provision exists elsewhere are classified in the relevant class for that art.

 H01B
CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING, OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES (selection for magnetic properties H01F 1/00; waveguides H01P; installation of cables or lines H02G)
 H01B

Note(s)

  1. Group H01B 12/00 takes precedence over groups H01B 5/00-H01B 11/00.
  2. Cables including at least one electrical conductor together with optical fibres are classified in group H01B 11/22.

 H01C
RESISTORS
 H01C

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "adjustable" means mechanically adjustable. [2]
  2. Variable resistors, the value of which is changed non-mechanically, e.g. by voltage or temperature, are classified in group H01C 7/00[2]

 H01F
MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES (ceramics based on ferrites C04B 35/26; alloys C22C; thermomagnetic devices H01L 37/00)  [2]
 H01F

Note(s)

In this subclass, inductances and transformers are regarded as being "for power supply" if they are intended for this purpose even in systems operating at frequencies above 60 cycles/sec.


 H01G
CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE (selection of specified materials as dielectric H01B 3/00)

 H01H
ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES (contact cables H01B 7/10; overvoltage protection resistors, resistive arresters H01C 7/12, H01C 8/04; electrolytic self-interrupters H01G 9/18; switching devices of the waveguide type H01P; devices for interrupted current collection H01R 39/00; overvoltage arresters using spark gaps H01T 4/00; emergency protective circuit arrangements H02H; switching by electronic means without contact-making H03K 17/00)
 H01H

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers (in groups H01H 69/00-H01H 87/00) devices for the protection of electric lines or electric machines or apparatus in the event of undesired change from normal electric working conditions, the electrical condition serving directly as the input to the device.
  2. This subclass does not cover bases, casings, or covers accommodating two or more switching devices, or a switching device as well as another electric component, e.g. bus-bar, line connector, which are covered by H02B 1/08.
  3. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "relay" means a switching device having contacts which are operated from electric inputs which supply, directly or indirectly, all the mechanical energy necessary to cause both the closure and the opening of the contacts;
    • "driving mechanism" refers to the means by which an operating force applied to the switch is transmitted to the moving contact or contacts;
    • "operating" is used in a broader sense than "actuating" which is reserved for those parts not touched by hand to effect switching;
    • "acting" or "action" means a self-induced movements of parts at one stage of the switching. These connotations apply to all parts of the verbs "to operate"; "to actuate", and "to act", and to words derived therefrom, e.g. to "actuation".
  4. In this subclass, details are classified as follows:
    However, mechanical details directly producing electronic effects are classified in group H03K 17/94.

 H01J
ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS (spark-gaps H01T; arc lamps with consumable electrodes H05B; particle accelerators H05H)
 H01J

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers only devices for producing, influencing, or using a flow of electrons or ions, e.g. for controlling, indicating, or switching of electric current, counting electric pulses, producing light or other electromagnetic oscillations, such as X-rays, or for separating or analysing radiation or particles, and having a closed or substantially closed casing containing a chosen gas, vapour, or vacuum, upon the pressure and nature of which the characteristics of the device depend. Light sources using a combination (other than covered by group H01J 61/96 of this subclass) of discharge and other kinds of light generation are covered by group H05B 35/00.
  2. In this subclass, groups H01J 1/00-H01J 7/00 relate only to:
    1. details of an unspecified kind of discharge tube or lamp, or
    2. details mentioned in a specification as applicable to two or more kinds of tubes or lamps as defined by groups H01J 11/00, H01J 13/00, H01J 15/00, H01J 17/00, H01J 21/00, H01J 25/00, H01J 27/00, H01J 31/00, H01J 33/00, H01J 35/00, H01J 37/00, H01J 40/00, H01J 41/00, H01J 47/00, H01J 49/00, H01J 61/00, H01J 63/00 or H01J 65/00, hereinafter called basic kinds. A detail only described with reference to, or clearly only applicable to, tubes or lamps of a single basic kind is classified in the detail group appropriate to tubes or lamps of that basic kind, e.g. H01J 17/04.
  3. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "lamp" includes tubes emitting ultra-violet or infra-red light.
  4. Attention is drawn to the definition of the expression "spark gaps" given in the Note following the title of subclass H01T.
  5. Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof are classified in group H01J 9/00.

 H01K
ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS (details or apparatus or processes for manufacture applicable to both discharge devices and incandescent lamps H01J; light sources using a combination of incandescent and other types of light generation H01J 61/96, H05B 35/00; circuits therefor H05B)
 H01K

Note(s)

In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:

  • "lamp" includes tubes emitting ultra-violet or infra-red light.


 H01L
SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (use of semiconductor devices for measuring G01; resistors in general H01C; magnets, inductors, transformers H01F; capacitors in general H01G; electrolytic devices H01G 9/00; batteries, accumulators H01M; waveguides, resonators, or lines of the waveguide type H01P; line connectors, current collectors H01R; stimulated-emission devices H01S; electromechanical resonators H03H; electromechanical transducers for electrical communication H04R; electric light sources in general H05B; printed circuits, hybrid circuits, casings or constructional details of electrical apparatus, manufacture of assemblages of electrical components H05K; use of semiconductor devices in circuits having a particular application, see the subclass for the application)  [2]
 H01L

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:
    • electric solid state devices which are not covered by any other subclass and details thereof, and includes: semiconductor devices adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching; semiconductor devices sensitive to radiation; electric solid state devices using thermoelectric, superconductive, piezo-electric, electrostrictive, magnetostrictive, galvano-magnetic or bulk negative resistance effects and integrated circuit devices; [2]
    • photoresistors, magnetic field dependent resistors, field effect resistors, capacitors with potential-jump barrier, resistors with potential-jump barrier or surface barrier, incoherent light emitting diodes and thin-film or thick-film circuits; [2]
    • processes and apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of such devices, except where such processes relate to single-step processes for which provision exists elsewhere. [2]
  2. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "solid state body" means the body of material within which, or at the surface of which, the physical effects characteristic of the device occur. In thermoelectric devices, it includes all materials in the current path.

      Regions in or on the body of the device (other than the solid state body itself), which exert an influence on the solid state body electrically, are considered to be "electrodes" whether or not an external electrical connection is made thereto. An electrode may include several portions and the term includes metallic regions which exert influence on the solid state body through an insulating region (e.g. capacitive coupling) and inductive coupling arrangements to the body. The dielectric region in a capacitive arrangement is regarded as part of the electrode. In arrangements including several portions, only those portions which exert an influence on the solid state body by virtue of their shape, size, or disposition or the material of which they are formed are considered to be part of the electrode. The other portions are considered to be "arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body" or "interconnections between solid state components formed in or on a common substrate", i.e. leads; [2]

    • "device" means an electric circuit element; where an electric circuit element is one of a plurality of elements formed in or on a common substrate it is referred to as a "component"; [2]
    • "complete device" is a device in its fully assembled state which may or may not require further treatment, e.g. electroforming, before it is ready for use but which does not require the addition of further structural units; [2]
    • "parts" includes all structural units which are included in a complete device; [2]
    • "container" is an enclosure forming part of the complete device and is essentially a solid construction in which the body of the device is placed, or which is formed around the body without forming an intimate layer thereon. An enclosure which consists of one or more layers formed on the body and in intimate contact therewith is referred to as an "encapsulation"; [2]
    • "integrated circuit" is a device where all components, e.g. diodes, resistors, are built up on a common substrate and form the device including interconnections between the components; [2]
    • "assembly" of a device is the building up of the device from its component constructional units and includes the provision of fillings in containers. [2]

 H01M
PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY (electrochemical processes or apparatus in general C25; semiconductor or other solid state devices for converting light or heat into electrical energy H01L, e.g. H01L 31/00, H01L 35/00, H01L 37/00)  [2]
 H01M

Note(s)

This subclass covers galvanic primary or secondary cells or batteries, fuel cells or batteries.


 H01P
WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE (operating at optical frequencies G02B; aerials H01Q; networks comprising lumped impedance elements H03H)
 H01P

Note(s)

In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:

  • "waveguide type" as applied to transmission lines includes only high-frequency coaxial cables or Lecher lines, and as applied to resonators, delay lines, or other devices includes all devices having distributed inductance and capacitance.


 H01Q
AERIALS (microwave radiators for near-field therapeutic treatment A61N 5/04; apparatus for testing aerials or for measuring aerial characteristics G01R; waveguides H01P; radiators or aerials for microwave heating H05B 6/72)
 H01Q

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:
    • in addition to the primary active radiating elements,
      1. secondary devices for absorbing or for modifying the direction or polarisation of waves radiated from aerials, and
      2. combinations with auxiliary devices such as earthing switches, lead-in devices, and lightning protectors;
    • both transmitting and receiving aerials. [3]
  2. This subclass does not cover devices of the waveguide type, such as resonators or lines, not designed as radiating elements, which are covered by subclass H01P.
  3. In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "active radiating element" covers corresponding parts of a receiving aerial. [3]

 H01R
LINE CONNECTORS; CURRENT COLLECTORS (switches, fuses H01H; coupling devices of the waveguide type H01P 5/00; switchboards, distribution gear H02B; installations of electric lines, cables, or auxiliary apparatus H02G; printed means for providing electric connections to or between printed circuits H05K)
 H01R

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:
    • all kinds of contact-making disconnectible and non-disconnectible electric line connectors, coupling devices, lamp or similar holders or current collectors for all kinds of electric lines, cables or apparatus;
    • non-printed means for electric connections to or between printed circuits.
  2. This subclass does not cover mounting of connections in or on specified apparatus. Such mounting is covered by the relevant subclass for such apparatus, e.g. mounting in junction or distribution boxes is covered by subclass H02B or G, high-temperature connections for heating elements is covered by group H05B 3/08. Structural association of one part of a two-part coupling device with specific electric apparatus is classified with the apparatus, e.g. association of cap with incandescent lamp is covered by subclass H01K.
  3. In this subclass, a contact in a coupling device is only regarded as an additional earth contact if this contact is clearly designed for that purpose.
  4. General details are classified in groups H01R 4/00, H01R 9/00, H01R 11/00.

 H01S
DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION
 H01S

Note(s)

This subclass covers:

  • devices for the generation or amplification, by using stimulated emission, of coherent electromagnetic waves or other forms of wave energy; [2]
  • such functions as modulating, demodulating, controlling, or stabilising such waves. [2]


 H01T
SPARK GAPS; OVERVOLTAGE ARRESTERS USING SPARK GAPS; SPARKING PLUGS; CORONA DEVICES; GENERATING IONS TO BE INTRODUCED INTO NON-ENCLOSED GASES (working of metal by the action of a high concentration of electric current B23H; welding, e.g. arc welding, electron beam welding or electrolytic welding, B23K; gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode H01J 17/00; electric arc lamps H05B 31/00)
 H01T

Note(s)

In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated:

  • "spark gaps" means enclosed or non-enclosed discharge device having cold electrodes and used exclusively to discharge a quantity of electrical energy in a small time duration.