|  | C |
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY

|  | C |
Note(s) Definitions for Section C: Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg Heavy metals: metals other than light metals Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens Metals: elements other than non-metals Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards

METALLURGY

|  | C25 |
ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR (electrodialysis, electro-osmosis, separation of liquids by electricity Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D; electrolytic machining Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P; electroless, i. e. chemical, plating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23C; anodic or cathodic protection Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23F; electrolytic production of single crystals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C30B; electrochemical methods of analysis Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N; electrochemical measuring, indicating or recording devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01R; electrolytic circuit elements, e.g. capacitors, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01G; electrochemical current or voltage generators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01M) [2]

|  | C25 |
Note(s) Inventions dealing with electrolytic or electrophoretic processes and apparatus or operational features are classified (a) under the groups for the compounds or articles produced, and (b) under the groups provided for the apparatus or operational features. [2] The electrolytic or eletrophoretic purification of liquids is classified in the classes appropriate to the nature of the liquid, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01K 63/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C02F 1/46, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25B 15/08, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25D 21/16, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25F 7/02. [2]

|  | C25C |
PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR [2]

|  | C25C 1/00 |
Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25C 5/00 takes precedence) [2]

|  | C25C 1/02 |
· | of light metals [2]

|  | C25C 1/04 |
· · | in mercury cathode cells [2]

|  | C25C 1/06 |
· | of iron group metals or refractory metals [2]

|  | C25C 1/08 |
· · | of nickel or cobalt [2]

|  | C25C 1/10 |
· · | of chromium or manganese [2]

|  | C25C 1/12 |
· | of copper [2]

|  | C25C 1/14 |
· | of tin [2]

|  | C25C 1/16 |
· | of zinc, cadmium or mercury [2]

|  | C25C 1/18 |
· | of lead [2]

|  | C25C 1/20 |
· | of noble metals [2]

|  | C25C 1/22 |
· | of metals not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25C 1/02-C25C 1/20 [2]

|  | C25C 1/24 |
· | Alloys obtained by cathodic reduction of all their ions [2]

|  | C25C 3/00 |
Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25C 5/00 takes precedence) [2]

|  | C25C 3/02 |
· | of alkali or alkaline earth metals [2]

|  | C25C 3/04 |
· | of magnesium [2]

|  | C25C 3/06 |
· | of aluminium [2]

|  | C25C 3/08 |
· · | Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls [2]

|  | C25C 3/10 |
· · · | External supporting frames or structures [2]

|  | C25C 3/12 |
· · · | Anodes [2]

|  | C25C 3/14 |
· · | Devices for feeding or crust breaking [2]

|  | C25C 3/16 |
· · | Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars [2]

|  | C25C 3/18 |
· · | Electrolytes [2]

|  | C25C 3/20 |
· · | Automatic control or regulation of cells (controlling or regulating per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05) [2]

|  | C25C 3/22 |
· · | Collecting emitted gases [2]

|  | C25C 3/24 |
· · | Refining [2]

|  | C25C 3/26 |
· | of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium [2]

|  | C25C 3/28 |
· · | of titanium [2]

|  | C25C 3/30 |
· | of manganese [2]

|  | C25C 3/32 |
· | of chromium [2]

|  | C25C 3/34 |
· | of metals not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25C 3/02-C25C 3/32 [2]

|  | C25C 3/36 |
· | Alloys obtained by cathodic reduction of all their ions [2]

|  | C25C 5/00 |
Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses [2]

|  | C25C 5/02 |
· | from solutions [2]

|  | C25C 5/04 |
· | from melts [2]

|  | C25C 7/00 |
Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells (for the production of aluminium Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25C 3/06-C25C 3/22) [2]

|  | C25C 7/02 |
· | Electrodes (consumable anodes for the refining of metals Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25C 1/00-C25C 5/00); Connections thereof [2]

|  | C25C 7/04 |
· | Diaphragms; Spacing elements [2]

|  | C25C 7/06 |
· | Operating or servicing [2]

|  | C25C 7/08 |
· · | Separating of deposited metals from the cathode [2]