The term "metal-working" should be understood as covering the working of other materials unless the context requires otherwise.
The term "kind of operation" and similar expressions relate to such metal-working operations as boring, drilling, milling and grinding.
The term "kind of machine" means a machine designed for a particular kind of metal-working operation (e.g. a lathe).
The term "form of machine" means a machine of a particular kind adapted or arranged for a particular way of working or for particular work, e.g. face-plate lathe, tailstock lathe, turret lathe.
The term "different machines" is to be understood as covering different forms of machines for performing the same type of metal-working operation, e.g. vertical and horizontal boring machines.
Sub-class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q comprises features, specific to machine tools, which relate to a requirement or problem of a nature which is not peculiar to a particular kind of machine tool, e.g. feeding work, although the realisation of these features may differ according to the kind of machine tool concerned. That sub-class provides in general for such features, even if the feature or a specific function, in any particular case, is to some extent peculiar to, or is claimed only for, machine tools designed for one particular operation; only in exceptional cases are such features to be classified in the sub-class for the machine tool concerned. Certain features of this general nature are, however, referred to sub-classes relating to particular metal-working operations, especially Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B, in which case the sub-classes in question are not restricted, in respect of those features, to the kind of machine tool with which they are primarily concerned. If details, components, or accessories have no essential feature specific to machine tools, the more general class, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16, takes precedence.
Electric circuits specially adapted for these purposes are dealt with in this sub-class.
B23K 1/00 - B23K 3/00
Soldering, i.e. uniting metals using solder and applying heat without melting either of the parts to be united (essentially requiring the use of welding machines or welding equipment, see the relevant groups for the welding machines or welding equipment)
Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
B23K 7/02
·
Machines, apparatus, or equipment for cutting plane workpieces, e.g. plates
B23K 7/04
·
Machines, apparatus, or equipment specially adapted for cutting curved workpieces, e.g. tubes
B23K 7/06
·
Machines, apparatus, or equipment specially designed for scarfing or desurfacing
B23K 7/08
·
by applying additional compounds or means favouring the cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing procedure
B23K 7/10
·
Auxiliary devices, e.g. for guiding or supporting the torch (guiding means applicable to other metal-working machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q)
Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating [3]
B23K 20/02
·
by means of a press [3]
B23K 20/04
·
by means of a rolling mill [3]
B23K 20/06
·
by means of high energy impulses, e.g. magnetic energy [3]
B23K 20/08
· ·
Explosive welding [3]
B23K 20/10
·
making use of vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic welding [3]
B23K 20/12
·
the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding [3]
B23K 20/14
·
Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding (formed by material interposed between workpieces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 20/18) [3]
B23K 20/16
·
with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas [3]
B23K 20/18
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Zonal welding by interposing weld-preventing substances between zones not to be welded [3]
B23K 20/20
·
Special methods allowing subsequent separation, e.g. of metals of high quality from scrap material [3]
B23K 20/22
·
taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded [3]
Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam [3]
B23K 26/04
· ·
Automatically aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam, e.g. using the back-scattered light [3]
B23K 26/06
· ·
Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focussing (optical elements, systems, or apparatus, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G02B) [3]
B23K 26/08
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Devices involving relative movement between laser beam and workpiece [3]
with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 C
B23K 35/28
· · ·
with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 C
B23K 35/30
· · ·
with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 C
B23K 35/32
· · ·
with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 C
B23K 35/34
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comprising compounds which yield metals when heated
B23K 35/36
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Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 35/34 takes precedence); Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest (selection of soldering or welding materials proper Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 35/24) [2]