|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

SHAPING

|  | B23 |
MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (punching, perforating, making articles by processing sheet metal, tubes, or profiles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D; wire-working Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21F; making pins, needles, or nails Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21G; making chains Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21L; grinding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B24)

|  | B23 |
Note(s) In addition to operations not provided for in any other class, this class provides, in sub-class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P, for combinations of operations provided for in different sub-classes of classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21-B24, with the exception of subsidiary operations performed in conjunction with main operations covered by a single sub-class. In the following elaborations: The term "metal-working" should be understood as covering the working of other materials unless the context requires otherwise. The term "kind of operation" and similar expressions relate to such metal-working operations as boring, drilling, milling and grinding. The term "kind of machine" means a machine designed for a particular kind of metal-working operation (e.g. a lathe). The term "form of machine" means a machine of a particular kind adapted or arranged for a particular way of working or for particular work, e.g. face-plate lathe, tailstock lathe, turret lathe. The term "different machines" is to be understood as covering different forms of machines for performing the same type of metal-working operation, e.g. vertical and horizontal boring machines. Sub-class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q comprises features, specific to machine tools, which relate to a requirement or problem of a nature which is not peculiar to a particular kind of machine tool, e.g. feeding work, although the realisation of these features may differ according to the kind of machine tool concerned. That sub-class provides in general for such features, even if the feature or a specific function, in any particular case, is to some extent peculiar to, or is claimed only for, machine tools designed for one particular operation; only in exceptional cases are such features to be classified in the sub-class for the machine tool concerned. Certain features of this general nature are, however, referred to sub-classes relating to particular metal-working operations, especially Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B, in which case the sub-classes in question are not restricted, in respect of those features, to the kind of machine tool with which they are primarily concerned. If details, components, or accessories have no essential feature specific to machine tools, the more general class, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16, takes precedence.

|  | B23B |
TURNING; BORING (arrangements for copying or controlling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q)

|  | B23B 1/00 - B23B 15/00 |
Turning

|  | B23B 1/00 |
Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods

|  | B23B 3/00 |
General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines

|  | B23B 3/02 |
· | Small lathes, e.g. for toolmakers (specially designed for watchmakers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G04D 3/00)

|  | B23B 3/04 |
· | Turning-machines in which the workpiece is rotated by means at a distance from the headstock

|  | B23B 3/06 |
· | Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 37/00 takes precedence; structural features of details, see the relevant groups; such features of general applicability Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q)

|  | B23B 3/08 |
· | Turning-machines characterised by the use of faceplates

|  | B23B 3/10 |
· · | with the faceplate horizontal, i.e. vertical boring and turning machines

|  | B23B 3/12 |
· · | with the faceplate vertical, i.e. face lathes

|  | B23B 3/14 |
· · | Mountings or drives of faceplates

|  | B23B 3/16 |
· | Turret lathes for turning individually-chucked workpieces

|  | B23B 3/18 |
· · | with horizontal working-spindle

|  | B23B 3/20 |
· · | with vertical working-spindle

|  | B23B 3/22 |
· | Turning-machines or devices with rotary tool heads

|  | B23B 3/24 |
· · | the tools of which do not perform a radial movement; Rotary tool heads therefor

|  | B23B 3/26 |
· · | the tools of which perform a radial movement; Rotary tool heads thereof

|  | B23B 3/28 |
· | Turning-machines in which the feed is controlled by a copying device, i.e. copying lathes (features of copying devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 35/00)

|  | B23B 3/30 |
· | Turning-machines with two or more working-spindles, e.g. in fixed arrangement

|  | B23B 3/32 |
· · | for performing identical operations simultaneously on two or more workpieces

|  | B23B 3/34 |
· | Short turning-machines with one or multiple working-spindles attended from the end (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 3/12 takes predence)

|  | B23B 3/36 |
· | Associations of only turning-machines directed to a particular metal-working result (if the metal-working result is not essential Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 39/00)

|  | B23B 5/00 |
Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor

|  | B23B 5/02 |
· | for turning hubs or brake drums (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 5/04 takes precedence)

|  | B23B 5/04 |
· | for reconditioning hubs or brake drums or axle spindles without removing same from the vehicle

|  | B23B 5/06 |
· | for turning valves or valve bodies

|  | B23B 5/08 |
· | for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathes; Centreless turning

|  | B23B 5/10 |
· · | for turning pilgrim rolls

|  | B23B 5/12 |
· · | for peeling bars or tubes by making use of cutting bits arranged around the workpiece (making use of cutting bits arranged around the workpiece otherwise than by turning Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23D 79/12) [2]

|  | B23B 5/14 |
· | Cutting-off lathes (shearing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23D)

|  | B23B 5/16 |
· | for bevelling, chamfering, or deburring the ends of bars or tubes

|  | B23B 5/18 |
· | for turning crankshafts, eccentrics, or cams, e.g. crankpin lathes

|  | B23B 5/20 |
· · | without removing same from the engine

|  | B23B 5/22 |
· · | Holding the workpiece in the machine, e.g. chucking devices

|  | B23B 5/24 |
· | for turning pistons or other workpieces to a slightly non-circular cross-section

|  | B23B 5/26 |
· | for simultaneously turning internal and external surfaces of a body

|  | B23B 5/28 |
· | for turning wheels or wheel sets or cranks thereon, i.e. wheel lathes

|  | B23B 5/30 |
· · | Arrangements providing for tool control by templates

|  | B23B 5/32 |
· · | for reconditioning wheel sets without removing same from the vehicle; Underfloor wheel lathes for railway vehicles

|  | B23B 5/34 |
· · | Holding the workpiece in the machine, e.g. chucking devices therefor; Drivers therefor

|  | B23B 5/36 |
· | for turning specially-shaped surfaces by making use of relative movement of the tool and work produced by geometrical mechanisms, i.e. forming-lathes

|  | B23B 5/38 |
· · | for turning conical surfaces inside or outside, e.g. taper pins

|  | B23B 5/40 |
· · | for turning spherical surfaces inside or outside

|  | B23B 5/42 |
· · | for turning relieving surfaces, i.e. relieving-lathes

|  | B23B 5/44 |
· · | for turning polygonal or other non-circular surfaces controlled by gear or guide mechanisms, i.e. eccentric lathes

|  | B23B 5/46 |
· · | for turning helical or spiral surfaces (thread cutting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23G)

|  | B23B 5/48 |
· · · | for cutting grooves, e.g. oil grooves of helicoidal shape

|  | B23B 7/00 |
Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines with a single working-spindle, e.g. controlled by cams; Equipment therefor; Features common to automatic and semi-automatic turning-machines with one or more working-spindles

|  | B23B 7/02 |
· | Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of stock

|  | B23B 7/04 |
· · | Turret machines

|  | B23B 7/06 |
· · | with sliding headstock

|  | B23B 7/08 |
· · | with the working-spindle vertical

|  | B23B 7/10 |
· · | Accessories, e.g. guards

|  | B23B 7/12 |
· | Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of workpieces

|  | B23B 7/14 |
· · | with the working-spindle horizontal

|  | B23B 7/16 |
· · | with the working-spindle vertical

|  | B23B 9/00 |
Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines with a plurality of working-spindles, e.g. automatic multiple-spindle machines with spindles arranged in a drum carrier able to be moved into pre-determined positions; Equipment therefor (equipment applicable to single-spindle machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 7/00)

|  | B23B 9/02 |
· | Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of stock

|  | B23B 9/04 |
· · | with the working-spindles horizontal

|  | B23B 9/06 |
· · | with the working-spindles vertical

|  | B23B 9/08 |
· | Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of workpieces

|  | B23B 9/10 |
· · | with the working-spindles horizontal

|  | B23B 9/12 |
· · | with the working-spindles vertical

|  | B23B 11/00 |
Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines incorporating equipment for performing other working procedures, e.g. slotting, milling, rolling

|  | B23B 13/00 |
Arrangements for automatically conveying or chucking or guiding stock

|  | B23B 13/02 |
· | for turning-machines with a single working-spindle

|  | B23B 13/04 |
· | for turning-machines with a plurality of working-spindles

|  | B23B 13/06 |
· | Arrangements for switching-off the drive of turning-machines after the stock has been completely machined

|  | B23B 13/08 |
· | Arrangements for reducing vibrations in feeding-passages or for damping noise (damping noise in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G10K)

|  | B23B 13/10 |
· | with magazines for stock

|  | B23B 13/12 |
· | Accessories, e.g. stops, grippers

|  | B23B 15/00 |
Arrangements for conveying, loading, adjusting, reversing, chucking, or discharging workpieces specially designed for automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines

|  | B23B 17/00 - B23B 33/00 |
Components or accessories particularly for turning machines

|  | B23B 17/00 |
Lathe beds (foundation frames, carriage guides as such Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 1/00)

|  | B23B 19/00 |
Headstocks; Equivalent parts of any machine tools

|  | B23B 19/02 |
· | Working-spindles; Features relating thereto, e.g. supporting arrangements (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 13/00 takes precedence)

|  | B23B 21/00 |
Lathe carriages; Cross-slides; Tool posts (tool holders Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 29/00); Similar parts of any machine tools

|  | B23B 23/00 |
Tailstocks; Centres

|  | B23B 23/02 |
· | Dead centres

|  | B23B 23/04 |
· | Live centres

|  | B23B 25/00 |
Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines (for machine tools in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q; cooling or lubricating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 11/12)

|  | B23B 25/02 |
· | Arrangements for chip-breaking in turning-machines (on cutting tools Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 27/22)

|  | B23B 25/04 |
· | Safety guards specially designed for turning-machines (in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16P)

|  | B23B 25/06 |
· | Measuring, gauging, or adjusting equipment on turning-machines for setting-on, feeding, controlling, or monitoring the cutting tools or work (measuring devices or gauges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01B)

|  | B23B 27/00 |
Tools for turning or boring machines (for drilling machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 51/00); Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor

|  | B23B 27/02 |
· | Cutting tools with straight main part and cutting edge at an angle (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 27/04-B23B 27/08 take precedence)

|  | B23B 27/04 |
· | Cutting-off tools (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 27/08 takes precedence)

|  | B23B 27/06 |
· | Profile cutting tools, i.e. forming-tools

|  | B23B 27/08 |
· | Cutting tools with blade- or disc-like main parts

|  | B23B 27/10 |
· | Cutting tools with special provision for cooling

|  | B23B 27/12 |
· · | with a continuously-rotated circular cutting edge; Holders therefor

|  | B23B 27/14 |
· | Cutting tools of which the bits or tips are of special material

|  | B23B 27/16 |
· · | with exchangeable cutting bits, e.g. able to be clamped

|  | B23B 27/18 |
· · | with cutting bits or tips rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing

|  | B23B 27/20 |
· · | with diamond bits

|  | B23B 27/22 |
· | Cutting tools with chip-breaking equipment

|  | B23B 27/24 |
· | Knurling tools

|  | B23B 29/00 |
Holders for non-rotary cutting tools (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 27/12 takes precedence); Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders

|  | B23B 29/02 |
· | Boring bars

|  | B23B 29/03 |
· | Boring heads

|  | B23B 29/034 |
· · | with tools moving radially

|  | B23B 29/04 |
· | Tool holders for a single cutting tool

|  | B23B 29/06 |
· · | Tool holders equipped with longitudinally- arranged grooves for setting the cutting tool

|  | B23B 29/08 |
· · | Tool holders equipped with grooves arranged crosswise to the longitudinal direction for setting the cutting tool

|  | B23B 29/10 |
· · · | with adjustable counterbase for the cutting tool

|  | B23B 29/12 |
· · | Special arrangements on tool holders

|  | B23B 29/14 |
· · · | affording a yielding support of the cutting tool, e.g. by spring clamping

|  | B23B 29/16 |
· · · | for supporting the workpiece in a backrest

|  | B23B 29/18 |
· · · | for retracting the cutting tool

|  | B23B 29/20 |
· · · | for placing same by shanks in sleeves of a turret

|  | B23B 29/22 |
· · · | for tool adjustment by means of shims or spacers

|  | B23B 29/24 |
· | Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets

|  | B23B 29/26 |
· · | Tool holders in fixed position

|  | B23B 29/28 |
· · | Turrets manually adjustable about a vertical pivot

|  | B23B 29/30 |
· · | Turrets manually adjustable about a horizontal privot

|  | B23B 29/32 |
· · | Turrets adjustable by power drive, i.e. turret heads

|  | B23B 29/34 |
· · | Turrets equipped with triggers for releasing the cutting tools

|  | B23B 31/00 |
Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control (similar devices not intended for use on spindles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q; face-plates Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q; holding by magnetic or electrical force acting directly on work Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 3/152)

|  | B23B 31/02 |
· | Chucks

|  | B23B 31/04 |
· · | for the shanks of tools, e.g. drills

|  | B23B 31/06 |
· · · | Features relating to the removal of tools; Accessories therefor

|  | B23B 31/08 |
· · · | Holding tools yieldably

|  | B23B 31/10 |
· · | characterised by the gripping devices or their immediate operating means

|  | B23B 31/12 |
· · · | Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable

|  | B23B 31/14 |
· · · · | involving the use of centrifugal force

|  | B23B 31/16 |
· · · · | moving radially

|  | B23B 31/18 |
· · · · | pivotally movable in planes containing the axis of the chuck

|  | B23B 31/19 |
· · · · | moving parallel to the axis of the chuck

|  | B23B 31/20 |
· · · · | Collet chucks

|  | B23B 31/22 |
· · · · | Jaws in the form of balls

|  | B23B 31/24 |
· · | characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means

|  | B23B 31/26 |
· · · | using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle

|  | B23B 31/28 |
· · · | using electric or magnetic means in the chuck

|  | B23B 31/30 |
· · · | using fluid-pressure means in the chuck

|  | B23B 31/32 |
· · | with jaws carried by diaphragm

|  | B23B 31/34 |
· · | with means enabling the workpiece to be reversed or tilted

|  | B23B 31/36 |
· · | with means for adjusting the chuck with respect to the working-spindle

|  | B23B 31/38 |
· · | with overload clutches

|  | B23B 31/40 |
· | Expansion mandrels

|  | B23B 31/42 |
· · | characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means

|  | B23B 31/44 |
· | Taper shanks, e.g. Morse-cones

|  | B23B 33/00 |
Drivers; Driving centres; Nose clutches, e.g. lathe dogs

|  | B23B 35/00 - B23B 45/00 |
Boring; Drilling (by laser beam Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 26/00; by electro-erosion Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P 1/00; for mining or quarrying Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21C 1/00)

|  | B23B 35/00 |
Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods

|  | B23B 37/00 |
Boring by making use of vibrations of ultrasonic frequency (working materials by subjecting abrading substances or abrading tools to a bouncing action of ultrasonic frequency Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B24B 1/04)

|  | B23B 39/00 |
General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring or drilling machines

|  | B23B 39/02 |
· | Boring machines; Combined horizontal boring and milling machines

|  | B23B 39/04 |
· | Co-ordinate boring or drilling machines; Machines for making holes without previous marking

|  | B23B 39/06 |
· · | Equipment for positioning work

|  | B23B 39/08 |
· · | Devices for programme control

|  | B23B 39/10 |
· | characterised by the drive, e.g. by fluid-pressure drive, pneumatic power drive

|  | B23B 39/12 |
· | Radial drilling machines

|  | B23B 39/14 |
· | with special provision to enable the machine or the drilling or boring head to be moved into any desired position, e.g. with respect to immovable work

|  | B23B 39/16 |
· | Drilling machines with a plurality of working-spindles; Drilling automatons

|  | B23B 39/18 |
· · | Setting work or tool carrier along a straight index line

|  | B23B 39/20 |
· · | Setting work or tool carrier along a circular index line; Turret head drilling machines

|  | B23B 39/22 |
· · | with working-spindles in opposite headstocks

|  | B23B 39/24 |
· · | designed for programme control

|  | B23B 39/26 |
· | in which the working position of tool or work is controlled by copying discrete points of a pattern (features of copying devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 35/02)

|  | B23B 39/28 |
· | Associations of only boring or drilling machines directed to a particular metal-working result (if not producing a particular metal-working result Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 39/00)

|  | B23B 41/00 |
Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor

|  | B23B 41/02 |
· | for boring deep holes; Trepanning, e.g. of gun or rifle barrels

|  | B23B 41/04 |
· | for boring polygonal or other non-circular holes

|  | B23B 41/06 |
· | for boring conical holes

|  | B23B 41/08 |
· | for boring, drilling, or tapping holes in tubes under fluid or gas pressure (sealing features or operations, combined with placing branch parts Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 41/04)

|  | B23B 41/10 |
· | for boring holes in steam boilers

|  | B23B 41/12 |
· | for forming working surfaces of cylinders, of bearings, e.g. in heads of driving rods, or of other engine parts

|  | B23B 41/14 |
· | for very small holes

|  | B23B 41/16 |
· | for boring holes with high-quality surface

|  | B23B 43/00 |
Boring or drilling devices able to be attached to a machine tool, whether or not replacing an operative portion of the machine tool (if specially adapted for particular work Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 41/00)

|  | B23B 43/02 |
· | to the tailstock of a lathe

|  | B23B 45/00 |
Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor

|  | B23B 45/02 |
· | driven by electric power

|  | B23B 45/04 |
· | driven by fluid-pressure or pneumatic power

|  | B23B 45/06 |
· | driven by man-power

|  | B23B 45/08 |
· · | for drilling rails or profiled stock

|  | B23B 45/10 |
· · | by using a fiddle bow or a belt

|  | B23B 45/12 |
· · | by using a ratchet brace

|  | B23B 45/14 |
· | Means for holding or guiding the drilling device or for securing it to the work (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 41/08 takes precedence); Thrust stands

|  | B23B 45/16 |
· | with superimposed percussive action (portable percussive machines with superimposed rotation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B25D 16/00) [3]

|  | B23B 47/00 - B23B 51/00 |
Components or accessories for boring or drilling machines

|  | B23B 47/00 |
Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor (working-spindles, bearing sleeves therefor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 19/02; for machine tools in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q)

|  | B23B 47/02 |
· | Drives; Gearings (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 39/10 takes precedence)

|  | B23B 47/04 |
· · | for rotating the working-spindle

|  | B23B 47/06 |
· · · | driven essentially by electrical means

|  | B23B 47/08 |
· · · | driven essentially by fluid-pressure or pneumatic power

|  | B23B 47/10 |
· · · · | equipped with turbines or other rotating machines

|  | B23B 47/12 |
· · · · | equipped with oscillating pistons

|  | B23B 47/14 |
· · · | Change-speed gearings; Reversing gearings

|  | B23B 47/16 |
· · · | Belt or chain drives

|  | B23B 47/18 |
· · | for feeding or retracting tool or work

|  | B23B 47/20 |
· · · | actuated essentially by electric power

|  | B23B 47/22 |
· · · | actuated essentially by fluid-pressure or pneumatic power

|  | B23B 47/24 |
· · · | Stops or feed interruption owing to fracture or overload of the boring or drilling tool

|  | B23B 47/26 |
· | Liftable and lowerable drill heads or headstocks; Balancing arrangements therefor

|  | B23B 47/28 |
· | Drill jigs for workpieces (equipment for setting or guiding the drill Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B 49/00)

|  | B23B 47/30 |
· | Additional gear with one or more working-spindles attachable to the main working-spindle and mounting the additional gear

|  | B23B 47/32 |
· | Arrangements for preventing the running-out of drills or fracture of drills when getting through

|  | B23B 47/34 |
· | Arrangements for removing chips out of the holes made; Chip-breaking arrangements attached to the tool

|  | B23B 49/00 |
Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centring devices for holes to be bored (marking-out equipment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B25H 7/00; measuring devices, gauges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01B)

|  | B23B 49/02 |
· | Boring templates or bushings

|  | B23B 49/04 |
· | Devices for boring or drilling centre holes in workpieces

|  | B23B 49/06 |
· | Devices for drilling holes in brake bands or brake linings

|  | B23B 51/00 |
Tools for drilling machines

|  | B23B 51/02 |
· | Twist drills

|  | B23B 51/04 |
· | Drills for trepanning; Tools for cutting discs from sheet

|  | B23B 51/06 |
· | Drills with lubricating or cooling equipment

|  | B23B 51/08 |
· | Drills combined with tool parts or tools for performing additional working

|  | B23B 51/10 |
· | Bits for countersinking

|  | B23B 51/12 |
· | Adapters for drills or chucks; Tapered sleeves

|  | B23B 51/14 |
· · | Adapters for broken drills

|  | B23B 51/16 |
· | for making chamfers or undercuttings