C
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY
 C

Note(s)

Definitions for Section C:

  • Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
  • Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
  • Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive
  • Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides
  • Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive
  • Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
  • Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At
  • Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
  • Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd
  • Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group
  • Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg
  • Heavy metals: metals other than light metals
  • Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni
  • Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens
  • Metals: elements other than non-metals
  • Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards

  
CHEMISTRY
 C12
BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
 C12

Note(s)

  1. In the field of sub-classes C12M-C12Q, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, an invention is classified in the last appropriate place. [3]
  2. Within this class, viruses, undifferentiated plant or animal cells, protozoa and unicellular algae are considered as micro-organisms. Also, sub-cellular parts, unless specifically provided for, are classified with the whole cell. [3]
  3. Within this class, non-obligatory classifications may be given as additional information relating to the micro-organisms used by means of the symbols of sub-class C12R[3]
 C12R
PROCESSES USING MICRO-ORGANISMS  [3]
 C12R

Note(s)

  1. This sub-class is only for non-obligatory classifications as additional information relating to inventions already classified as obligatory classifications in other sub-classes of class C12. The classification symbols of this sub-class may be added, in conformity with paragraph 80 of the Guide, after the double oblique stroke so as to provide information concerning the micro-organisms used in the processes classified in sub-classes C12C-C12Q[3]
  2. The basis for the bacteria terminology is "Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology", Eighth Edition, 1975. [3]
 C12R 1/00
Processes using micro-organisms  [3]
 C12R 1/01
·  using bacteria or actinomycetales  [3]
 C12R 1/02
·  ·  Acetobacter  [3]
 C12R 1/025
·  ·  Achromobacter  [3]
 C12R 1/03
·  ·  Actinomadura  [3]
 C12R 1/04
·  ·  Actinomyces  [3]
 C12R 1/045
·  ·  Actinoplanes  [3]
 C12R 1/05
·  ·  Alcaligenes  [3]
 C12R 1/06
·  ·  Arthrobacter  [3]
 C12R 1/065
·  ·  Azotobacter  [3]
 C12R 1/07
·  ·  Bacillus  [3]
 C12R 1/08
·  ·  ·  Bacillus brevis  [3]
 C12R 1/085
·  ·  ·  Bacillus cereus  [3]
 C12R 1/09
·  ·  ·  Bacillus circulans  [3]
 C12R 1/10
·  ·  ·  Bacillus licheniformis  [3]
 C12R 1/11
·  ·  ·  Bacillus megaterium  [3]
 C12R 1/12
·  ·  ·  Bacillus polymyxa  [3]
 C12R 1/125
·  ·  ·  Bacillus subtilis  [3]
 C12R 1/13
·  ·  Brevibacterium  [3]
 C12R 1/14
·  ·  Chainia  [3]
 C12R 1/145
·  ·  Clostridium  [3]
 C12R 1/15
·  ·  Corynebacterium  [3]
 C12R 1/16
·  ·  ·  Corynebacterium diphtheriae  [3]
 C12R 1/165
·  ·  ·  Corynebacterium poinsettiae  [3]
 C12R 1/17
·  ·  ·  Corynebacterium pyogenes  [3]
 C12R 1/18
·  ·  Erwinia  [3]
 C12R 1/185
·  ·  Escherichia  [3]
 C12R 1/19
·  ·  ·  Escherichia coli  [3]
 C12R 1/20
·  ·  Flavobacterium  [3]
 C12R 1/21
·  ·  Haemophilus  [3]
 C12R 1/22
·  ·  Klebsiella  [3]
 C12R 1/225
·  ·  Lactobacillus  [3]
 C12R 1/23
·  ·  ·  Lactobacillus acidophilus  [3]
 C12R 1/24
·  ·  ·  Lactobacillus brevis  [3]
 C12R 1/245
·  ·  ·  Lactobacillus casei  [3]
 C12R 1/25
·  ·  ·  Lactobacillus plantarum  [3]
 C12R 1/26
·  ·  Methylomonas  [3]
 C12R 1/265
·  ·  Micrococcus  [3]
 C12R 1/27
·  ·  ·  Micrococcus flavus  [3]
 C12R 1/28
·  ·  ·  Micrococcus glutamicus  [3]
 C12R 1/285
·  ·  ·  Micrococcus lysodeikticus  [3]
 C12R 1/29
·  ·  Micromonospora  [3]
 C12R 1/30
·  ·  ·  Micromonospora chalcea  [3]
 C12R 1/31
·  ·  ·  Micromonospora purpurea  [3]
 C12R 1/32
·  ·  Mycobacterium  [3]
 C12R 1/325
·  ·  ·  Mycobacterium avium  [3]
 C12R 1/33
·  ·  ·  Mycobacterium fortuitum  [3]
 C12R 1/34
·  ·  ·  Mycobacterium smegmatis  [3]
 C12R 1/35
·  ·  Mycoplasma  [3]
 C12R 1/36
·  ·  Neisseria  [3]
 C12R 1/365
·  ·  Nocardia  [3]
 C12R 1/37
·  ·  Proteus  [3]
 C12R 1/38
·  ·  Pseudomonas  [3]
 C12R 1/385
·  ·  ·  Pseudomonas aeruginosa  [3]
 C12R 1/39
·  ·  ·  Pseudomonas fluorescens  [3]
 C12R 1/40
·  ·  ·  Pseudomonas putida  [3]
 C12R 1/41
·  ·  Rhizobium  [3]
 C12R 1/42
·  ·  Salmonella  [3]
 C12R 1/425
·  ·  Serratia  [3]
 C12R 1/43
·  ·  ·  Serratia marcescens  [3]
 C12R 1/44
·  ·  Staphylococcus  [3]
 C12R 1/445
·  ·  ·  Staphylococcus aureus  [3]
 C12R 1/45
·  ·  ·  Staphylococcus epidermidis  [3]
 C12R 1/46
·  ·  Streptococcus  [3]
 C12R 1/465
·  ·  Streptomyces  [3]
 C12R 1/47
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces albus  [3]
 C12R 1/48
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces antibioticus  [3]
 C12R 1/485
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces aureofaciens  [3]
 C12R 1/49
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces aureus  [3]
 C12R 1/50
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces bikiniensis  [3]
 C12R 1/51
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces candidus  [3]
 C12R 1/52
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces chartreusis  [3]
 C12R 1/525
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces diastatochromogenes  [3]
 C12R 1/53
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces filipinensis  [3]
 C12R 1/54
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces fradiae  [3]
 C12R 1/545
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces griseus  [3]
 C12R 1/55
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces hygroscopicus  [3]
 C12R 1/56
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces lavendulae  [3]
 C12R 1/565
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces lincolnensis  [3]
 C12R 1/57
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces noursei  [3]
 C12R 1/58
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces olivaceus  [3]
 C12R 1/585
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces platensis  [3]
 C12R 1/59
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces rimosus  [3]
 C12R 1/60
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces sparsogenes  [3]
 C12R 1/61
·  ·  ·  Streptomyces venezuelae  [3]
 C12R 1/62
·  ·  Streptosporangium  [3]
 C12R 1/625
·  ·  Streptoverticillium  [3]
 C12R 1/63
·  ·  Vibrio  [3]
 C12R 1/64
·  ·  Xanthomonas  [3]
 C12R 1/645
·  using fungi  [3]
 C12R 1/65
·  ·  Absidia  [3]
 C12R 1/66
·  ·  Aspergillus  [3]
 C12R 1/665
·  ·  ·  Aspergillus awamori  [3]
 C12R 1/67
·  ·  ·  Aspergillus flavus  [3]
 C12R 1/68
·  ·  ·  Aspergillus fumigatus  [3]
 C12R 1/685
·  ·  ·  Aspergillus niger  [3]
 C12R 1/69
·  ·  ·  Aspergillus oryzae  [3]
 C12R 1/70
·  ·  ·  Aspergillus ustus  [3]
 C12R 1/71
·  ·  ·  Aspergillus wentii  [3]
 C12R 1/72
·  ·  Candida  [3]
 C12R 1/725
·  ·  ·  Candida albicans  [3]
 C12R 1/73
·  ·  ·  Candida lipolytica  [3]
 C12R 1/74
·  ·  ·  Candida tropicalis  [3]
 C12R 1/745
·  ·  Cephalosporium  [3]
 C12R 1/75
·  ·  ·  Cephalosporium acremonium  [3]
 C12R 1/76
·  ·  ·  Cephalosporium coerulescens  [3]
 C12R 1/765
·  ·  ·  Cephalosporium crotocinigenum  [3]
 C12R 1/77
·  ·  Fusarium  [3]
 C12R 1/78
·  ·  Hansenula  [3]
 C12R 1/785
·  ·  Mucor  [3]
 C12R 1/79
·  ·  Paecilomyces  [3]
 C12R 1/80
·  ·  Penicillium  [3]
 C12R 1/81
·  ·  ·  Penicillium brevi  [3]
 C12R 1/82
·  ·  ·  Penicillium chrysogenum  [3]
 C12R 1/825
·  ·  ·  Penicillium notatum  [3]
 C12R 1/83
·  ·  ·  Penicillium patulum  [3]
 C12R 1/84
·  ·  Pichia  [3]
 C12R 1/845
·  ·  Rhizopus  [3]
 C12R 1/85
·  ·  Saccharomyces  [3]
 C12R 1/86
·  ·  ·  Saccharomyces carlsbergensis  [3]
 C12R 1/865
·  ·  ·  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  [3]
 C12R 1/87
·  ·  ·  Saccharomyces lactis  [3]
 C12R 1/88
·  ·  Torulopsis  [3]
 C12R 1/885
·  ·  Trichoderma  [3]
 C12R 1/89
·  using algae  [3]
 C12R 1/90
·  using protozoa  [3]
 C12R 1/91
·  using viruses or cell lines  [3]