|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

SHAPING

|  | B31 |
MAKING PAPER ARTICLES; WORKING PAPER (making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B; handling thin material, e.g. sheets, webs, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H)

|  | B31 |
Note(s) The word "paper" in this class is to be interpreted as covering material worked in a manner analogous to paper, e.g. plastic sheet materials, laminated materials or metal foils. This class does not include making articles directly from paper pulp, which is covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21J. This class is to be understood as restricted to adaptations or associations of handling sheets, webs, or blanks peculiar to paper-working, e.g. bag or box making, machinery. Handling sheets, webs, or blanks of wider applicability, irrespective of whether described or claimed only for paper-working machinery, is to be regarded as of a more comprehensive nature and as such classified in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H.

|  | B31F |
MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD (cutting, trimming, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26; incising, scoring, in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B26D 3/08; making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B; multi-ply material of paper or cardboard, its manufacture Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21H)

|  | B31F 1/00 |
Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material including combined deformation and laminating (embossing combined with application of ink, type marking presses, selective embossing machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41F, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41J, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41K, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41M; machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44B 5/00; artists hand tools for embossing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44B 11/04; producing decorative effects by processes for stamping ornamental designs on surfaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B44C 1/24; mechanical deformation during paper or board making, kinds of paper or board Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D21) [2]

|  | B31F 1/07 |
· | Embossing (corrugating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31F 1/20) [3]

|  | B31F 1/08 |
· | Creasing (corrugating Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31F 1/20; zig-zag folding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 45/20) [2]

|  | B31F 1/10 |
· · | by rotary tools

|  | B31F 1/12 |
· | Creping paper

|  | B31F 1/14 |
· · | by doctor blades arranged crosswise to the web

|  | B31F 1/16 |
· · | by elastic belts

|  | B31F 1/18 |
· · | by tools arranged in the direction of web feed

|  | B31F 1/20 |
· | Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating to other paper or cardboard layers (corrugating veneer Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27D) [2]

|  | B31F 1/22 |
· · | Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is longitudinal with the web feed

|  | B31F 1/24 |
· · | Making webs in which the channel of each corrugation is transverse to the web feed

|  | B31F 1/26 |
· · · | by interengaging toothed cylinders [2]

|  | B31F 1/28 |
· · · · | combined with uniting the corrugated webs to flat webs

|  | B31F 1/29 |
· · · | by making use of rods, e.g. co-operating with a toothed cylinder [2]

|  | B31F 1/30 |
· · · | Tools secured to endless chains

|  | B31F 1/32 |
· · | Corrugating already corrugated webs

|  | B31F 1/36 |
· | Moistening and heating webs to facilitate mechanical deformation and drying deformed webs

|  | B31F 5/00 |
Attaching together paper or cardboard sheets, strips, or webs; Reinforcing edges of paper or cardboard (means for applying adhesive or glue Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05C; stapling in box or like making Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B31B; attaching the replacement web to the expiring web during web-roll changing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 19/18; apparatus for splicing webs during handling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 21/00)

|  | B31F 5/02 |
· | by crimpling or slotting

|  | B31F 5/04 |
· | by exclusive use of adhesives

|  | B31F 5/06 |
· | by adhesive tape

|  | B31F 5/08 |
· · | for reinforcing edges

|  | B31F 7/00 |
Processes for working paper not otherwise provided for

|  | B31F 7/02 |
· | Breaking the coating on paper