|  | C |
SECTION C — CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY

|  | C |
Note(s) Definitions for Section C: Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg Heavy metals: metals other than light metals Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens Metals: elements other than non-metals Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards

CHEMISTRY

|  | C10 |
PETROLEUM, GAS AND COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT

|  | C10B |
DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, AND SIMILAR MATERIALS (cracking oils Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10G)

|  | C10B 1/00 - C10B 15/00 |
Retorts and coke ovens

|  | C10B 1/00 |
Retorts

|  | C10B 1/02 |
· | Stationary retorts

|  | C10B 1/04 |
· · | Vertical retorts

|  | C10B 1/06 |
· · | Horizontal retorts

|  | C10B 1/08 |
· · | Inclined retorts

|  | C10B 1/10 |
· | Rotary retorts

|  | C10B 3/00 |
Coke ovens with vertical chambers

|  | C10B 3/02 |
· | with heat-exchange devices

|  | C10B 5/00 |
Coke ovens with horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 5/02 |
· | with vertical heating flues

|  | C10B 5/04 |
· · | with cross-over inter-connections

|  | C10B 5/06 |
· | with horizontal heating flues

|  | C10B 5/08 |
· | with horizontal and vertical heating flues

|  | C10B 5/10 |
· | with heat-exchange devices

|  | C10B 5/12 |
· · | with regenerators

|  | C10B 5/14 |
· · · | situated in the longitudinal direction of the chambers

|  | C10B 5/16 |
· · · · | with separated flues

|  | C10B 5/18 |
· · · | situated in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery

|  | C10B 5/20 |
· · | with recuperators

|  | C10B 7/00 |
Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven

|  | C10B 7/02 |
· | with rotary scraping devices

|  | C10B 7/04 |
· | with shaking or vibrating devices

|  | C10B 7/06 |
· | with endless conveying devices

|  | C10B 7/08 |
· · | in vertical direction

|  | C10B 7/10 |
· | with conveyer-screws

|  | C10B 7/12 |
· | with tilting or rocking means

|  | C10B 7/14 |
· | with trucks, containers, or trays

|  | C10B 9/00 |
Beehive ovens

|  | C10B 11/00 |
Coke ovens with inclined chambers

|  | C10B 13/00 |
Coke ovens with means for bringing and keeping the charge under mechanical pressure

|  | C10B 15/00 |
Other coke ovens

|  | C10B 15/02 |
· | with floor heating

|  | C10B 17/00 - C10B 23/00 |
Heating of coke ovens

|  | C10B 17/00 |
Preheating of coke ovens

|  | C10B 19/00 |
Heating of coke ovens by electrical means

|  | C10B 21/00 |
Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases

|  | C10B 21/02 |
· | with lean gas

|  | C10B 21/04 |
· | with rich gas

|  | C10B 21/06 |
· | in coke ovens suitable for the use of lean gas or rich gas

|  | C10B 21/08 |
· | by applying special heating gases

|  | C10B 21/10 |
· | Regulating and controlling the combustion

|  | C10B 21/12 |
· · | Burners

|  | C10B 21/14 |
· · | Devices for reversing the draught

|  | C10B 21/16 |
· · | by controlling or varying the openings between the heating flues and the regenerator flues

|  | C10B 21/18 |
· · | Recirculating the flue gases

|  | C10B 21/20 |
· | Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type

|  | C10B 21/22 |
· · | by introducing the heating gas and air at various levels

|  | C10B 21/24 |
· · · | at the top and the bottom of the vertical heating flues

|  | C10B 21/26 |
· · | by introducing the heating gas and air at the top of the vertical flues only

|  | C10B 23/00 |
Other methods of heating coke ovens

|  | C10B 25/00 |
Doors and closures for coke ovens

|  | C10B 25/02 |
· | Doors; Door frames

|  | C10B 25/04 |
· · | for ovens with vertical chambers

|  | C10B 25/06 |
· · | for ovens with horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 25/08 |
· · | Closing and opening the doors

|  | C10B 25/10 |
· · · | for ovens with vertical chambers

|  | C10B 25/12 |
· · · | for ovens with horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 25/14 |
· · · | Devices for lifting doors

|  | C10B 25/16 |
· · | Sealing; Means for sealing

|  | C10B 25/18 |
· · | Cooling

|  | C10B 25/20 |
· | Lids and closures for charging holes

|  | C10B 25/22 |
· · | for ovens with vertical chambers

|  | C10B 25/24 |
· · | for ovens with horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 27/00 |
Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases

|  | C10B 27/02 |
· | with outlets arranged at different levels in the chamber

|  | C10B 27/04 |
· | during the charging operation of the oven

|  | C10B 27/06 |
· | Conduit details, e.g. valves

|  | C10B 29/00 |
Other details of coke ovens

|  | C10B 29/02 |
· | Brickwork, e.g. casings, linings, walls

|  | C10B 29/04 |
· | Controlling and preventing expansion and contraction

|  | C10B 29/06 |
· | Preventing and repairing leakages of the brickwork

|  | C10B 29/08 |
· | Bracing and foundation of the ovens

|  | C10B 31/00 - C10B 37/00 |
Devices for charging and discharging coke ovens; Mechanical treatments of coal charges

|  | C10B 31/00 |
Charging devices

|  | C10B 31/02 |
· | for charging vertically

|  | C10B 31/04 |
· · | coke ovens with horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 31/06 |
· | for charging horizontally

|  | C10B 31/08 |
· · | coke ovens with horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 31/10 |
· · · | with one compact charge

|  | C10B 31/12 |
· | for liquid materials

|  | C10B 33/00 |
Discharging devices; Coke guides

|  | C10B 33/02 |
· | Extracting coke with built-in devices, e.g. gears, screws

|  | C10B 33/04 |
· | Pulling-out devices

|  | C10B 33/06 |
· · | for horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 33/08 |
· | Pushers, e.g. rams

|  | C10B 33/10 |
· · | for horizontal chambers

|  | C10B 33/12 |
· | Discharge valves

|  | C10B 33/14 |
· | Coke guides

|  | C10B 35/00 |
Combined charging and discharging devices

|  | C10B 37/00 |
Mechanical treatments of coal charges in the oven

|  | C10B 37/02 |
· | Levelling charges, e.g. with bars

|  | C10B 37/04 |
· | Compressing charges (during coking Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10B 47/12)

|  | C10B 37/06 |
· | Forming holes in charges

|  | C10B 39/00 |
Cooling or quenching coke

|  | C10B 39/02 |
· | Dry cooling outside the oven

|  | C10B 39/04 |
· | Wet quenching

|  | C10B 39/06 |
· · | in the oven

|  | C10B 39/08 |
· · | Coke-quenching towers

|  | C10B 39/10 |
· | combined with agitating means, e.g. rotating tables or drums

|  | C10B 39/12 |
· | combined with conveying means

|  | C10B 39/14 |
· | Cars

|  | C10B 39/16 |
· | combined with sorting

|  | C10B 39/18 |
· | Coke ramps

|  | C10B 41/00 |
Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke

|  | C10B 41/02 |
· | for discharging coke

|  | C10B 41/04 |
· · | by electrical means

|  | C10B 41/06 |
· · | by pneumatic or hydraulic means

|  | C10B 41/08 |
· | for the withdrawal of the distillation gases

|  | C10B 43/00 |
Preventing or removing incrustations

|  | C10B 43/02 |
· | Removing incrustations

|  | C10B 43/04 |
· · | by mechanical means

|  | C10B 43/06 |
· · · | from conduits, valves, or the like

|  | C10B 43/08 |
· · | with liquids

|  | C10B 43/10 |
· · | by burning out

|  | C10B 43/12 |
· · · | Burners

|  | C10B 43/14 |
· | Preventing incrustations

|  | C10B 45/00 |
Other details

|  | C10B 45/02 |
· | Devices for producing compact unified coal charges outside the oven (briquetting presses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B30B)

|  | C10B 47/00 - C10B 57/00 |
Carbonising or coking processes

|  | C10B 47/00 |
Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion

|  | C10B 47/02 |
· | with stationary charge

|  | C10B 47/04 |
· · | in shaft furnaces

|  | C10B 47/06 |
· · | in retorts

|  | C10B 47/08 |
· · | in beehive ovens

|  | C10B 47/10 |
· · | in coke ovens of the chamber type

|  | C10B 47/12 |
· · | in which the charge is subjected to mechanical pressure during coking

|  | C10B 47/14 |
· · | with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts

|  | C10B 47/16 |
· · | with indirect heating means both inside and outside the retorts

|  | C10B 47/18 |
· | with moving charge

|  | C10B 47/20 |
· · | according to the moving bed type (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10B 47/26 takes precedence)

|  | C10B 47/22 |
· · | in dispersed form (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10B 47/26 takes precedence)

|  | C10B 47/24 |
· · · | according to the "fluidised bed" technique

|  | C10B 47/26 |
· · | with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts

|  | C10B 47/28 |
· | Other processes

|  | C10B 47/30 |
· · | in rotary ovens or retorts

|  | C10B 47/32 |
· · | in ovens with mechanical conveying means

|  | C10B 47/34 |
· · · | with rotary scraping devices

|  | C10B 47/36 |
· · · · | in multi-stage ovens

|  | C10B 47/38 |
· · · | with shaking or vibrating devices

|  | C10B 47/40 |
· · · | with endless conveying devices

|  | C10B 47/42 |
· · · · | in vertical direction

|  | C10B 47/44 |
· · · | with conveyer-screws

|  | C10B 47/46 |
· · · | with trucks, containers, or trays

|  | C10B 47/48 |
· · · | with tilting or rocking means

|  | C10B 49/00 |
Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated

|  | C10B 49/02 |
· | with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge

|  | C10B 49/04 |
· · | while moving the solid material to be treated

|  | C10B 49/06 |
· · · | according to the moving bed type

|  | C10B 49/08 |
· · · | in dispersed form

|  | C10B 49/10 |
· · · · | according to the "fluidised bed" technique

|  | C10B 49/12 |
· · · · | by mixing tangentially, e.g. in vortex chambers

|  | C10B 49/14 |
· | with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals

|  | C10B 49/16 |
· | with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form

|  | C10B 49/18 |
· · | according to the "moving-bed" type

|  | C10B 49/20 |
· · | in dispersed form

|  | C10B 49/22 |
· · · | according to the "fluidised bed" technique

|  | C10B 51/00 |
Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating

|  | C10B 53/00 |
Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form (wet carbonising of peat Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10F)

|  | C10B 53/02 |
· | of cellulose-containing material (production of pyroligneous acid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10C 5/00)

|  | C10B 53/04 |
· | of powdered coal

|  | C10B 53/06 |
· | of oil shale or bituminous rocks

|  | C10B 53/08 |
· | in the form of briquettes, lumps, or the like

|  | C10B 55/00 |
Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, or the like, or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous materials (cracking oils Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10G)

|  | C10B 55/02 |
· | with solid materials

|  | C10B 55/04 |
· · | with moving solid materials

|  | C10B 55/06 |
· · · | according to the "moving bed" type

|  | C10B 55/08 |
· · · | in dispersed form

|  | C10B 55/10 |
· · · · | according to the "fluidised bed" technique

|  | C10B 57/00 |
Other processes not covered above; Features of destructive distillation processes in general

|  | C10B 57/02 |
· | Multi-step carbonising or coking processes

|  | C10B 57/04 |
· | Using charges of special composition

|  | C10B 57/06 |
· · | containing additives

|  | C10B 57/08 |
· | Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10L 9/00 takes precedence)

|  | C10B 57/10 |
· · | Drying

|  | C10B 57/12 |
· | Applying additives during coking

|  | C10B 57/14 |
· | Features of low-temperature carbonising processes

|  | C10B 57/16 |
· | Features of high-temperature carbonising processes

|  | C10B 57/18 |
· | Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven (outside the oven Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10K)

|  | C10B 57/20 |
· | Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous material underground