|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

ENGINES AND PUMPS

|  | F02 |
COMBUSTION ENGINES (cyclically operating valves therefor, lubricating, exhausting, or silencing engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01); HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS

|  | F02C |
GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (construction of turbines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D; jet-propulsion plants Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02K; construction of compressors or fans Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04; gas-turbine combustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23R; using gas turbines in compression refrigeration plants Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F25B 11/00; using gas-turbine plants in vehicles, see the relevant vehicle classes)

|  | F02C |
Note(s) Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01. This sub-class comprises: combustion product or hot gas turbine plants (steam turbine plants Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01K); internal combustion turbines or turbine plants; turbine plants in which the working fluid is an unheated, pressurised gas (special vapour plants Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01K). In this sub-class, the term "gas-turbine plants" covers all the above subject-matter and it additionally embraces features of jet-propulsion plants common to gas-turbine plants.

|  | F02C 1/00 |
Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of hot gases or unheated pressurised gases, as the working fluid (by the use of combustion products Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 3/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 5/00)

|  | F02C 1/02 |
· | the working fluid being an unheated pressurised gas

|  | F02C 1/04 |
· | the working fluid being heated indirectly

|  | F02C 1/05 |
· · | characterised by the type or source of heat, e.g. using nuclear or solar energy [3]

|  | F02C 1/06 |
· · · | using reheated exhaust gas (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 1/08 takes precedence)

|  | F02C 1/08 |
· · | Semi-closed cycles [3]

|  | F02C 1/10 |
· · | Closed cycles [3]

|  | F02C 3/00 |
Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid (generated by intermittent combustion Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 5/00)

|  | F02C 3/02 |
· | using exhaust-gas pressure in a pressure exchanger to compress combustion-air (pressure exchangers per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04F 11/02)

|  | F02C 3/04 |
· | having a turbine driving a compressor

|  | F02C 3/045 |
· · | having compressor and turbine passages in a single rotor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 3/073 takes precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 3/05 |
· · · | the compressor and the turbine being of the radial flow type [3]

|  | F02C 3/055 |
· · | the compressor being of the positive-displacement type [3]

|  | F02C 3/06 |
· · | the compressor comprising only axial stages (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 3/10 takes precedence)

|  | F02C 3/067 |
· · · | having counter-rotating rotors (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 3/073 takes precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 3/073 |
· · · | the compressor and turbine stages being concentric [3]

|  | F02C 3/08 |
· · | the compressor comprising at least one radial stage (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 3/10 takes precedence)

|  | F02C 3/09 |
· · · | of the centripetal type [3]

|  | F02C 3/10 |
· · | with another turbine driving output shaft but not driving the compressor

|  | F02C 3/12 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 6/16 )

|  | F02C 3/14 |
· | characterised by the arrangement of the combustion chamber in the plant (combustion chambers per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23R)

|  | F02C 3/16 |
· · | the combustion chambers being formed at least partly in the turbine rotor

|  | F02C 3/18 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 6/00 )

|  | F02C 3/20 |
· | using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products

|  | F02C 3/22 |
· · | the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 3/28 takes precedence)

|  | F02C 3/24 |
· · | the fuel or oxidant being liquid at standard temperature and pressure

|  | F02C 3/26 |
· · | the fuel or oxidant being solid or pulverulent, e.g. in slurry or suspension

|  | F02C 3/28 |
· · · | using a separate gas producer for gasifying the fuel before combustion [3]

|  | F02C 3/30 |
· · | Adding water, steam or other fluids to the combustible ingredients or to the working fluid before discharge from the turbine (heating of air intakes to prevent icing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 7/047) [3]

|  | F02C 3/32 |
· | Inducing air flow by fluid jet, e.g. ejector action [3]

|  | F02C 3/34 |
· | with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle [3]

|  | F02C 3/36 |
· | Open cycles [3]

|  | F02C 5/00 |
Gas-turbine plants characterised by the working fluid being generated by intermittent combustion

|  | F02C 5/02 |
· | characterised by the arrangement of the combustion chamber in the plant (combustion chambers per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23R)

|  | F02C 5/04 |
· · | the combustion chambers being formed at least partly in the turbine rotor

|  | F02C 5/06 |
· | the working fluid being generated in an internal-combustion gas generator of the positive-displacement type having essentially no mechanical power output (internal-combustion engines with prolonged expansion using exhaust gas turbines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B)

|  | F02C 5/08 |
· · | the gas generator being of the free-piston type

|  | F02C 5/10 |
· | the working fluid forming a resonating or oscillating gas column, i.e. the combustion chambers having no positively actuated valves, e.g. using Helmholtz effect

|  | F02C 5/11 |
· · | using valveless combustion chambers [3]

|  | F02C 5/12 |
· | the combustion chambers having inlet or outlet valves, e.g. Holzwarth gas-turbine plants

|  | F02C 6/00 |
Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus (aspects predominantly concerning such apparatus, see the relevant classes for the apparatus); Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use [3]

|  | F02C 6/02 |
· | Plural gas-turbine plants having a common power output [3]

|  | F02C 6/04 |
· | Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 6/18 takes precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 6/06 |
· · | providing compressed gas (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 6/10 takes precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 6/08 |
· · · | the gas being bled from the gas-turbine compressor [3]

|  | F02C 6/10 |
· · | supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant [3]

|  | F02C 6/12 |
· · · | Turbochargers, i.e. plants for augmenting mechanical power output of internal-combustion piston engines by increase of charge pressure [3]

|  | F02C 6/14 |
· | Gas-turbine plants having means for storing energy, e.g. for meeting peak loads [3]

|  | F02C 6/16 |
· · | for storing compressed air [3]

|  | F02C 6/18 |
· | Using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants (using waste heat as source of energy for refrigeration plants Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F25B 27/02) [3]

|  | F02C 6/20 |
· | Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for driving vehicles [3]

|  | F02C 7/00 |
Features, component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 1/00-F02C 6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants (controlling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/00)

|  | F02C 7/02 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 6/00 )

|  | F02C 7/04 |
· | Air intakes for gas-turbine plants or jet-propulsion plants

|  | F02C 7/042 |
· · | having variable geometry [3]

|  | F02C 7/045 |
· · | having provisions for noise suppression [3]

|  | F02C 7/047 |
· · | Heating to prevent icing [3]

|  | F02C 7/05 |
· · | having provisions for obviating the penetration of damaging objects or particles [3]

|  | F02C 7/052 |
· · · | with dust-separation devices [3]

|  | F02C 7/055 |
· · · | with intake grids, screens or guards [3]

|  | F02C 7/057 |
· · | Control or regulation (conjointly with fuel supply control Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/50, with nozzle area control Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02K 1/16) [3]

|  | F02C 7/06 |
· | Arrangement of bearings (bearings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16C); Lubricating (of engines in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01M)

|  | F02C 7/08 |
· | Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases

|  | F02C 7/10 |
· · | by means of regenerative heat-exchangers

|  | F02C 7/105 |
· · · | of the rotary type (rotary heat exchangers per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28) [3]

|  | F02C 7/12 |
· | Cooling of plants (of component parts per se, see the relevant sub-classes, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D; cooling of engines in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01P)

|  | F02C 7/14 |
· · | of fluids in the plant

|  | F02C 7/141 |
· · · | of working fluid (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 3/30 takes precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 7/143 |
· · · · | before or between the compressor stages [3]

|  | F02C 7/16 |
· · | characterised by cooling medium

|  | F02C 7/18 |
· · · | the medium being gaseous, e.g. air

|  | F02C 7/20 |
· | Mounting or supporting of plant; Accommodating heat expansion or creep

|  | F02C 7/22 |
· | Fuel supply systems

|  | F02C 7/224 |
· · | Heating fuel before feeding to the burner [3]

|  | F02C 7/228 |
· · | Dividing fuel between various burners [3]

|  | F02C 7/232 |
· · | Fuel valves; Draining valves or systems (valves in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K) [3]

|  | F02C 7/236 |
· · | Fuel delivery systems comprising two or more pumps [3]

|  | F02C 7/24 |
· | Heat or noise insulation (air intakes having provisions for noise suppression Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 7/045; turbine exhaust heads, chambers, or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D 25/30; silencing nozzles of jet-propulsion plants Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02K 1/00)

|  | F02C 7/25 |
· · | Fire protection or prevention (in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62) [3]

|  | F02C 7/26 |
· | Starting; Ignition

|  | F02C 7/262 |
· · | Restarting after flame-out [3]

|  | F02C 7/264 |
· · | Ignition [3]

|  | F02C 7/266 |
· · · | Electric (sparking plugs Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T) [3]

|  | F02C 7/268 |
· · | Starting drives for the rotor [3]

|  | F02C 7/27 |
· · · | Fluid drives (turbine starters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 7/277) [3]

|  | F02C 7/272 |
· · · · | generated by cartridges [3]

|  | F02C 7/275 |
· · · | Mechanical drives [3]

|  | F02C 7/277 |
· · · · | the starter being a turbine [3]

|  | F02C 7/28 |
· | Arrangement of seals

|  | F02C 7/30 |
· | Preventing corrosion in gas-swept spaces

|  | F02C 7/32 |
· | Arrangement, mounting, or driving, of auxiliaries

|  | F02C 7/34 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 6/18 )

|  | F02C 7/36 |
· | Power transmission between the different shafts of the gas-turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 7/32 takes precedence; couplings in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16D; gearing in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16H) [3]

|  | F02C 9/00 |
Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air-breathing, jet-propulsion plants (controlling air intakes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 7/057; controlling turbines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D; controlling compressors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04D 27/00; controlling in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05)

|  | F02C 9/02 - F02C 9/14 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/16-F02C 9/58, covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/00 )

|  | F02C 9/16 |
· | Control of working fluid flow (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/48 takes precedence; control of air-intake flow Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 7/057) [3]

|  | F02C 9/18 |
· · | by bleeding or by-passing [3]

|  | F02C 9/20 |
· · | by throttling; by adjusting vanes [3]

|  | F02C 9/22 |
· · · | by adjusting turbine vanes [3]

|  | F02C 9/24 |
· · | Control of the pressure level in closed cycles [3]

|  | F02C 9/26 |
· | Control of fuel supply (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/48 takes precedence; fuel valves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 7/232) [3]

|  | F02C 9/28 |
· · | Regulating systems responsive to plant or ambient parameters, e.g. temperature, pressure, rotor speed (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/30-F02C 9/38, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/44 take precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 9/30 |
· · | characterised by variable fuel pump output [3]

|  | F02C 9/32 |
· · | characterised by throttling of fuel (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/38 takes precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 9/34 |
· · · | Joint control of separate flows to main and auxiliary burners [3]

|  | F02C 9/36 |
· · | characterised by returning of fuel to sump (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C 9/38 takes precedence) [3]

|  | F02C 9/38 |
· · | characterised by throttling and returning of fuel to sump [3]

|  | F02C 9/40 |
· · | specially adapted to the use of a special fuel or a plurality of fuels [3]

|  | F02C 9/42 |
· · | specially adapted for the control of two or more plants simultaneously [3]

|  | F02C 9/44 |
· · | responsive to the speed of aircraft, e.g. Mach number control, optimisation of fuel consumption [3]

|  | F02C 9/46 |
· · | Emergency fuel control [3]

|  | F02C 9/48 |
· | Control of fuel supply conjointly with another control of the plant (with nozzle section control Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02K 1/17) [3]

|  | F02C 9/50 |
· · | with control of working fluid flow [3]

|  | F02C 9/52 |
· · · | by bleeding or by-passing the working fluid [3]

|  | F02C 9/54 |
· · · | by throttling the working fluid, by adjusting vanes [3]

|  | F02C 9/56 |
· · | with power transmission control [3]

|  | F02C 9/58 |
· · · | with control of a variable-pitch propeller [3]