F
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  
ENGINES AND PUMPS
 F02
COMBUSTION ENGINES (cyclically operating valves therefor, lubricating, exhausting, or silencing engines F01); HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
 F02B
INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL (plants in which engines use combustion products F02C, F02G; internal-combustion turbines F02C)
 F02B

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01, specially as regards Note 2 (a).
  2. In this sub-class:
    1. The following words are used with the meanings indicated:
      1. "Positive ignition" means ignition by a source external to the working fluid, e.g. by spark or incandescent source.
      2. "Charging" means forcing air or fuel-air mixture into engine cylinders, and thus embraces supercharging.
      3. "Scavenging" means forcing the combustion residues from the cylinders other than by movement of the working pistons, and thus embraces tuned exhaust systems.
    2. Engines with specified cycles or number of cylinders are classified in group F02B 75/02 or F02B 75/16, unless other classifying features predominate.

 F02C
GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (construction of turbines F01D; jet-propulsion plants F02K; construction of compressors or fans F04; gas-turbine combustion chambers F23R; using gas turbines in compression refrigeration plants F25B 11/00; using gas-turbine plants in vehicles, see the relevant vehicle classes)
 F02C

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01.
  2. This sub-class comprises:
    1. combustion product or hot gas turbine plants (steam turbine plants F01K);
    2. internal combustion turbines or turbine plants;
    3. turbine plants in which the working fluid is an unheated, pressurised gas (special vapour plants F01K).
  3. In this sub-class, the term "gas-turbine plants" covers all the above subject-matter and it additionally embraces features of jet-propulsion plants common to gas-turbine plants.

 F02D
CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES (cyclically operating valves for combustion engines F01L; controlling combustion engine lubrication F01M; cooling internal-combustion engines F01P; supplying combustion engines with combustible mixtures or constituents thereof, e.g. carburettors, injection pumps, F02M; starting of combustion engines F02N; controlling of ignition F02P; controlling gas-turbine plants, jet-propulsion plants, or combustion-product engine plants, see the relevant sub-classes for these plants)
 F02D

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01.
  2. In this sub-class, the following words are used with the meanings indicated:
    1. "Fuel injection" means the introduction of a combustible substance into a space, e.g. cylinder, by means of a pressure source, e.g. a pump, continuously or cyclically acting behind the substance.
    2. "Supercharging" means supplying to the working space, e.g. cylinder, combustion-air pressurised by means of a pressure source, e.g. a pump.

 F02F
CYLINDERS, PISTONS, OR CASINGS FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES (specially adapted for rotary-piston or oscillating-piston internal-combustion engines F02B; specially adapted for gas-turbine plants F02C; specially adapted for jet-propulsion plants F02K)  [2]
 F02F

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01.
  2. In considering the relationship between class F16 and sub-class F02F, class F16 will take precedence unless the subject-matter is specific to combustion engines.

 F02G
HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS (steam engine plants, special vapour plants, plants operating on either hot gas or combustion-product gases together with other fluid F01K; gas-turbine plants F02C; jet-propulsion plants F02K); USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
 F02G

Note(s)

Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01.


 F02K
JET-PROPULSION PLANTS (arrangement or mounting of jet-propulsion plants in land vehicles or vehicles in general B60K; arrangement or mounting of jet-propulsion plants in waterborne vessels B63H; controlling aircraft attitude, flight direction, or altitude by jet reaction B64C; arrangement or mounting of jet-propulsion plants in aircraft B64D; plants characterised by the power of the working fluid being divided between jet propulsion and another form of propulsion, e.g. propeller, F02B, F02C; features of jet-propulsion plants common to gas-turbine plants, air intakes or fuel supply control of air-breathing jet-propulsion plants F02C)
 F02K

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01.
  2. In this sub-class, the term "jet-propulsion plants" means plants using combustion to produce a fluid stream from which a propulsive thrust on the plants is obtained on the reaction principle.

 F02M
SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF (charging such engines F02B)
 F02M

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01.
  2. In this sub-class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated:
    1. "Carburettors" means essentially apparatus for mixing fuel with air, the fuel being brought into mixing contact with the air by lowering the air pressure, e.g. in a venturi.
    2. "Fuel-injection apparatus" means apparatus for introducing fuel into a space, e.g. engine cylinder, by pressurising the fuel, e.g. by a pump acting behind the fuel, and thus embraces the so-called "solid-fuel injection" in which liquid fuel is introduced without any admixture of gas.
    3. "Low-pressure fuel injection" means fuel injection in which the fuel-air mixture containing fuel thus injected will be substantially compressed in the compression stroke of the engine.
    4. "Pumping element" means a single piston-cylinder unit in a reciprocating-piston fuel-injection pump or the equivalent unit in any other type of fuel-injection pump.

 F02N
STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES (starting of free-piston combustion-engines F02B 71/02; starting of gas-turbine plants F02C 7/26); STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
 F02N

Note(s)

  1. Attention is drawn to the notes preceding class F01.
  2. The starting of engines which are not explicitly stated to be combustion engines is classified in this sub-class in so far as their starting is equivalent to that of combustion engines.

 F02P
IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES (specially adapted for rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines F02B 53/12; ignition of combustion apparatus in general, glowing plugs F23Q; electrical components in general Section H; sparking plugs H01T)