|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING

SHAPING

|  | B22 |
CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY

|  | B22D |
CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES (casting or moulding specially adapted for plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B29; metallurgical processing, selection of substances to be added to metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C21, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C22)

|  | B22D |
Note(s) In this sub-class any material to be cast is referred to as metal.

|  | B22D 1/00 |
Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting (metallurgical processing, e.g. refining of iron or other metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C21, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C22, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C25C)

|  | B22D 1/02 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 2/00 )

|  | B22D 2/00 |
Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass [3]

|  | B22D 3/00 - B22D 5/00 |
Casting of pigs, i.e. metal castings suitable for subsequently melting; Similar casting

|  | B22D 3/00 |
Pig or like casting (equipment for conveying molten metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 35/00)

|  | B22D 3/02 |
· | Moulding of beds

|  | B22D 5/00 |
Machines or plants for pig or like casting

|  | B22D 5/02 |
· | with rotary casting tables

|  | B22D 5/04 |
· | with endless casting conveyers

|  | B22D 7/00 - B22D 9/00 |
Casting of ingots, i.e. metal castings suitable for subsequently rolling or forging

|  | B22D 7/00 |
Casting ingots (equipment for conveying molten metal Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 35/00)

|  | B22D 7/02 |
· | Casting compound ingots of two or more different metals in the molten state, i.e. integrally cast

|  | B22D 7/04 |
· | Casting hollow ingots

|  | B22D 7/06 |
· | Ingot moulds or their manufacture

|  | B22D 7/08 |
· · | Divided ingot moulds

|  | B22D 7/10 |
· · | Hot tops therefor

|  | B22D 7/12 |
· | Appurtenances, e.g. for sintering, for preventing splashing

|  | B22D 9/00 |
Machines or plants for casting ingots

|  | B22D 11/00 - B22D 27/00 |
Particular casting processes; Machines or apparatus therefor

|  | B22D 11/00 |
Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths (metal drawing, metal extruding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21C)

|  | B22D 11/01 |
· | without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces [2]

|  | B22D 11/04 |
· | into open-ended moulds, e.g. the moulds having oscillating walls (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 11/06, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 11/07 take precedence)

|  | B22D 11/06 |
· | into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 11/07 takes precedence)

|  | B22D 11/07 |
· | Lubricating the moulds [3]

|  | B22D 11/08 |
· | Accessories for starting the casting procedure

|  | B22D 11/10 |
· | Accessories for supplying or treating molten metal

|  | B22D 11/12 |
· | Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ (rolling immediately subsequent to continuous casting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21B 1/46, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21B 13/22)

|  | B22D 11/124 |
· · | for cooling [2]

|  | B22D 11/126 |
· · | for cutting [2]

|  | B22D 11/128 |
· · | for removing [2]

|  | B22D 11/14 |
· | Plants for continuous casting

|  | B22D 11/16 |
· | Controlling or regulating of processes or operations [2]

|  | B22D 13/00 |
Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force

|  | B22D 13/02 |
· | of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis

|  | B22D 13/04 |
· | of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry

|  | B22D 13/06 |
· | of solid or hollow bodies in moulds rotating around an axis arranged outside of the mould

|  | B22D 13/08 |
· | in which a stationary mould is fed from a rotating mass of liquid metal

|  | B22D 13/10 |
· | Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings (making or lining moulds Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22C)

|  | B22D 13/12 |
· | Controlling, supervising, specially adapted to centrifugal casting, e.g. for safety reasons (controlling or regulating in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05) [3]

|  | B22D 15/00 |
Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor

|  | B22D 15/02 |
· | of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects

|  | B22D 15/04 |
· | Machines or apparatus for chill casting (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 15/02 takes precedence)

|  | B22D 17/00 |
Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure

|  | B22D 17/02 |
· | Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted

|  | B22D 17/04 |
· · | Plunger machines

|  | B22D 17/06 |
· · | air injection machines

|  | B22D 17/08 |
· | Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled

|  | B22D 17/10 |
· · | with horizontal press motion

|  | B22D 17/12 |
· · | with vertical press motion

|  | B22D 17/14 |
· | Machines with evacuated die cavity

|  | B22D 17/16 |
· | specially adapted for casting slide fasteners or elements therefor

|  | B22D 17/18 |
· | Machines built up from units providing for different combinations

|  | B22D 17/20 |
· | Accessories; Details

|  | B22D 17/22 |
· · | Dies (manufacture see the appropriate class, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P 15/24); Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies

|  | B22D 17/24 |
· · · | Accessories for locating and holding cores or inserts

|  | B22D 17/26 |
· · | Mechanisms or devices for locking or opening dies

|  | B22D 17/28 |
· · | Melting pots

|  | B22D 17/30 |
· · | Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations

|  | B22D 17/32 |
· · | Controlling equipment

|  | B22D 18/00 |
Pressure casting; Vacuum casting (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 17/00 takes precedence; treating the metal in the mould by using pressure or vacuum Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 27/00) [3]

|  | B22D 18/02 |
· | Pressure casting making use of mechanical pressing devices, e.g. cast-forging (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 18/04 takes precedence) [3]

|  | B22D 18/04 |
· | Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould [3]

|  | B22D 18/06 |
· | Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould [3]

|  | B22D 18/08 |
· | Controlling, supervising, e.g. for safety reasons (controlling or regulating in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05) [3]

|  | B22D 19/00 |
Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 23/04 takes precedence; alumino-thermic welding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 23/00; covering surfaces by treatment with liquid metal without affecting the shape Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23C 1/00)

|  | B22D 19/02 |
· | for making reinforced articles (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 19/14 takes precedence)

|  | B22D 19/04 |
· | for joining parts

|  | B22D 19/06 |
· | for manufacturing or repairing tools

|  | B22D 19/08 |
· | for building up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal

|  | B22D 19/10 |
· | Repairing defective or damaged objects by metal casting procedures (by other procedures Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23P 6/04)

|  | B22D 19/12 |
· | for making objects, e.g. hinges, with parts which are movable relatively to one another

|  | B22D 19/14 |
· | the objects being filamentary or particulate in form [3]

|  | B22D 19/16 |
· | for making compound objects cast of two or more different metals, e.g. for making rolls for rolling mills (casting compound ingots Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 7/02) [3]

|  | B22D 21/00 |
Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor

|  | B22D 21/02 |
· | Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere (use of inert atmosphere in casting metals in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 23/00; apparatus for vaccum casting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 18/00)

|  | B22D 21/04 |
· · | Casting aluminium or magnesium

|  | B22D 21/06 |
· | Casting non-ferrous metals with a high melting-point, e.g. metallic carbides (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 21/02 takes precedence)

|  | B22D 23/00 |
Casting processes not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 1/00-B22D 21/00 (making metallic powder by casting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22F 9/08; aluminothermic welding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 23/00)

|  | B22D 23/02 |
· | Top casting

|  | B22D 23/04 |
· | Casting by dipping (covering surfaces by treatment with liquid metal without affecting the shape Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23C 1/00)

|  | B22D 23/06 |
· | Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould

|  | B22D 23/08 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22F 9/08 )

|  | B22D 25/00 |
Special casting characterised by the nature of the product (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 15/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 17/16, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 19/00 take precedence; casting stereotype plates Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41D 3/00) [2]

|  | B22D 25/02 |
· | by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art

|  | B22D 25/04 |
· · | Casting metal electric battery plates or the like (manufacture thereof by multi-step processes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01M 4/82) [2]

|  | B22D 25/06 |
· | by its physical properties (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 27/00 takes precedence)

|  | B22D 25/08 |
· · | by uniform hardness (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 15/00 takes precedence)

|  | B22D 27/00 |
Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 7/12, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 11/10, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 18/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 43/00 take precedence)

|  | B22D 27/02 |
· | Use of electric or magnetic effects

|  | B22D 27/04 |
· | Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould

|  | B22D 27/06 |
· · | Heating the top discard of ingots (hot tops for ingot moulds Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 7/10)

|  | B22D 27/08 |
· | Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds

|  | B22D 27/09 |
· | by using pressure [3]

|  | B22D 27/10 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 18/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 27/09 )

|  | B22D 27/11 |
· · | making use of mechanical pressing devices [3]

|  | B22D 27/12 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 18/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 27/11 )

|  | B22D 27/13 |
· · | making use of gas pressure [3]

|  | B22D 27/14 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 18/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 27/13 )

|  | B22D 27/15 |
· | by using vacuum [3]

|  | B22D 27/16 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 18/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 27/15 )

|  | B22D 27/18 |
· | Measures for using chemical processes for influencing the surface composition of castings, e.g. for increasing resistance to acid attack

|  | B22D 27/20 |
· | Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor

|  | B22D 29/00 - B22D 31/00 |
Final measures after casting (cleaning of castings by sand-blasting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B24C)

|  | B22D 29/00 |
Removing castings from moulds, not restricted to casting processes covered by a single main group; Removing cores; Handling ingots [2]

|  | B22D 29/02 |
· | Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks

|  | B22D 29/04 |
· | Handling or stripping castings or ingots (grippers in general, see the relevant sub-classes, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B66C)

|  | B22D 29/06 |
· · | Strippers actuated by fluid pressure

|  | B22D 29/08 |
· · | Strippers actuated mechanically [2]

|  | B22D 31/00 |
Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates

|  | B22D 33/00 - B22D 45/00 |
Other equipment for casting (arrangement of indicating or measuring devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 2/00)

|  | B22D 33/00 |
Equipment for handling moulds

|  | B22D 33/02 |
· | Turning and transposing moulds

|  | B22D 33/04 |
· | Bringing together or separating moulds

|  | B22D 33/06 |
· | Burdening or relieving moulds

|  | B22D 35/00 |
Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 37/00-B22D 41/00 take precedence; specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups)

|  | B22D 35/02 |
· | into beds

|  | B22D 35/04 |
· | into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners

|  | B22D 35/06 |
· | Heating or cooling equipment

|  | B22D 37/00 |
Equipment for controlling the pouring of molten metal from the ladle into moulds (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 39/00 takes precedence; specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups of this sub-class)

|  | B22D 39/00 |
Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations (specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups of this sub-class)

|  | B22D 39/02 |
· | having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by volume [3]

|  | B22D 39/04 |
· | having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by weight [3]

|  | B22D 39/06 |
· | having means for controlling the amount of molten metal by controlling the pressure above the molten metal [3]

|  | B22D 41/00 |
Casting ladles, cups or the like (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 37/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 39/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B22D 43/00 take precedence)

|  | B22D 41/02 |
· | Linings

|  | B22D 41/04 |
· | tiltable

|  | B22D 41/06 |
· | Equipment for tilting

|  | B22D 41/08 |
· | for bottom pouring

|  | B22D 41/10 |
· · | Stoppers; Stopper removing equipment

|  | B22D 41/12 |
· | Travelling ladles or similar containers; Cars for ladles (casting cranes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B66C)

|  | B22D 43/00 |
Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals

|  | B22D 45/00 |
Equipment for casting, not otherwise provided for

|  | B22D 46/00 |
Controlling, supervising, not restricted to casting covered by a single main group, e.g. for safety reasons (controlling or regulating in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05) [3]

|  | B22D 47/00 |
Casting plants

|  | B22D 47/02 |
· | for both moulding and casting