|  | G |
SECTION G — PHYSICS

INSTRUMENTS

|  | G05 |
CONTROLLING; REGULATING (specially adapted to a particular field of use, see the relevant sub-class, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q)

|  | G05 |
Note(s) Attention is drawn to the notes (particularly the definition of the term "variable") on page 7 of this Section. This class covers methods, systems, and apparatus for controlling in general. In this class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: "Controlling" means influencing a variable in any way, e.g. changing its direction or its value (including changing it to or from zero), maintaining it constant, limiting its range of variation. "Regulation" means maintaining a variable automatically at a desired value or within a desired range of values. The desired value or range may be fixed, or manually varied, or may vary with time according to a predetermined "programme" or according to variation of another variable. Regulation is a form of control; the term "automatic control" is often used in the art as a synonym for "regulation".

|  | G05F |
SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES (regulating the timing or recurrence frequency of pulses in radar or radio navigation systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01S; closed-loop systems for regulating non-electric variables by electric means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05D; regulating current supply in networks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02J; regulating the charging of batteries Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02J 7/00; regulating motor current Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02P; regulating frequency response, gain, maximum output, amplitude, or bandwidth of amplifiers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03G; regulating tuning of resonant circuits Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03J; regulating characteristics of transmission lines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04B; electric control of X-ray apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05G 1/30)

|  | G05F |
Note(s) This sub-class includes the use of hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, and electrical motors for varying electric characteristics of devices which restore the quantity regulated. This sub-class is restricted to systems, the elements per se being in the relevant sub-classes. The regulation of the output, e.g. frequency, phase, amplitude, of electric generators, converters, or transformers is dealt with in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02P 9/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02P 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03L.

|  | G05F 1/00 |
Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems

|  | G05F 1/02 |
· | Regulating electric characteristics of arcs (arrangements for feeding electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 9/12, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B 7/109, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B 31/18; automatic control of power for heating by discharge Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B 7/148) [2]

|  | G05F 1/04 |
· · | by means of saturable magnetic devices

|  | G05F 1/06 |
· · | by means of discharge tubes

|  | G05F 1/08 |
· · | by means of semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/10 |
· | Regulating voltage or current (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05F 1/02 takes precedence; for electric railways Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60M 3/02)

|  | G05F 1/12 |
· · | wherein the variable is ac

|  | G05F 1/14 |
· · · | using tap transformers or variable inductors as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/16 |
· · · · | combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/18 |
· · · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/20 |
· · · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/22 |
· · · · | combined with separate magnetic control devices having a controllable degree of saturation

|  | G05F 1/24 |
· · · | using bucking or boosting transformers as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/26 |
· · · · | combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/28 |
· · · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/30 |
· · · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/32 |
· · · | using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/34 |
· · · · | combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/36 |
· · · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/38 |
· · · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/40 |
· · · | using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/42 |
· · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/44 |
· · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/445 |
· · · · · | being transistors in series with the load [3]

|  | G05F 1/45 |
· · · · · | being controlled rectifiers in series with the load [3]

|  | G05F 1/455 |
· · · · · · | with phase control [3]

|  | G05F 1/46 |
· · | wherein the variable is dc

|  | G05F 1/48 |
· · · | using variable impedances as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/50 |
· · · · | in series with the load

|  | G05F 1/52 |
· · · · · | being discharge tubes

|  | G05F 1/54 |
· · · · · · | additionally controlled by the unregulated supply

|  | G05F 1/56 |
· · · · · | being semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/58 |
· · · · · · | combined with overload protection; combined with temperature compensation

|  | G05F 1/60 |
· · · · | in parallel with the load

|  | G05F 1/607 |
· · · · · | being discharge tubes [3]

|  | G05F 1/613 |
· · · · · | being semiconductor devices [3]

|  | G05F 1/62 |
· · · | using bucking or boosting dc sources

|  | G05F 1/64 |
· · | wherein the variable is dc and there is conversion between the unregulated supply and the regulated output to the load (regulating converters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02P)

|  | G05F 1/66 |
· | Regulating electric power

|  | G05F 1/68 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05F 1/70 )

|  | G05F 1/70 |
· | Regulating power factor; Regulating reactive current or power [3]

|  | G05F 3/00 |
Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled element, or an uncontrolled combination of elements, such element or such combination having self-regulating properties

|  | G05F 3/02 |
· | Regulating voltage or current

|  | G05F 3/04 |
· · | wherein the variable is ac

|  | G05F 3/06 |
· · · | using combinations of saturated and unsaturated inductive devices, e g. combined with resonant circuit

|  | G05F 3/08 |
· · | wherein the variable is dc

|  | G05F 3/10 |
· · · | using non-linear resistors

|  | G05F 3/12 |
· · · · | being glow discharge tubes

|  | G05F 3/14 |
( transferred to Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05F 3/16 )

|  | G05F 3/16 |
· · · · | being uncontrolled semiconductor devices [3]

|  | G05F 3/18 |
· · · · · | using Zener diodes [3]

|  | G05F 3/20 |
· · · · · | using diode-transistor combinations (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05F 3/18 takes precedence) [3]

|  | G05F 5/00 |
Systems for regulating electric variables by detecting deviations in the electric input to the system and thereby controlling a device within the system to obtain a regulated output

|  | G05F 7/00 |
Regulating magnetic variables