|  | G |
SECTION G — PHYSICS

INSTRUMENTS

|  | G01 |
MEASURING (counting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G06M); TESTING

|  | G01K |
MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (sensing temperature changes for compensating measurements of other variables or for compensating readings of instruments for variation in temperature, see Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01D or relevant sub-class for variable measured; radiation pyrometry Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01J; testing or determining physical or chemical properties of materials by measuring temperatures Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N; compound sensitive elements, e.g. bimetallic, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G12B 1/02)

|  | G01K |
Note(s) Attention is drawn to the notes immediately following the class title (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01). In this sub-class, the word "thermometer" includes thermally-sensitive elements not provided for in other sub-classes.

|  | G01K 1/00 |
Details of thermometers

|  | G01K 1/02 |
· | Special applications of indicating or recording means, e.g. for remote indications (indicating or recording measurements in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01D)

|  | G01K 1/04 |
· · | Scales

|  | G01K 1/06 |
· · · | Arrangements for facilitating reading, e.g. illumination, magnifying glass

|  | G01K 1/08 |
· | Protective devices, e.g. casings

|  | G01K 1/10 |
· · | for preventing chemical attack

|  | G01K 1/12 |
· · | for preventing damage due to heat overloading

|  | G01K 1/14 |
· | Supports; Fastening devices; Mounting thermometers in particular locations

|  | G01K 1/16 |
· | Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element

|  | G01K 1/18 |
· · | for reducing thermal inertia

|  | G01K 1/20 |
· | Compensating for effects of temperature changes other than those to be measured, e.g. changes in ambient temperature

|  | G01K 1/22 |
· · | by means of fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the fluid

|  | G01K 1/24 |
· · | by means of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strips

|  | G01K 1/26 |
· | Compensating for effects of pressure changes

|  | G01K 3/00 |
Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature

|  | G01K 3/02 |
· | giving mean values; giving integrated values

|  | G01K 3/04 |
· · | in respect of time

|  | G01K 3/06 |
· · | in respect of space

|  | G01K 3/08 |
· | giving differences of values (using thermo-electric elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 7/02); giving differentiated values

|  | G01K 3/10 |
· · | in respect of time, e.g. reacting only to a quick change of temperature

|  | G01K 3/12 |
· · · | based upon expansion or contraction of materials

|  | G01K 3/14 |
· · | in respect of space

|  | G01K 5/00 |
Thermometers based on the expansion or contraction of a material (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 9/00 takes precedence; giving other than momentary value of temperature Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 3/00; of vapour arising from a liquid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 11/02; thermally-actuated switches Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01H)

|  | G01K 5/02 |
· | the material being a liquid (contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/32)

|  | G01K 5/04 |
· · | Details

|  | G01K 5/06 |
· · · | Arrangements for driving back the liquid column

|  | G01K 5/08 |
· · · | Capillary tubes

|  | G01K 5/10 |
· · · | Containers for the liquid

|  | G01K 5/12 |
· · · | Selection of liquid compositions

|  | G01K 5/14 |
· · | the liquid displacing a further liquid column or a solid body (for maximum or minimum indication Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/20)

|  | G01K 5/16 |
· · | with electric contacts

|  | G01K 5/18 |
· · | with electric conversion means for final indication

|  | G01K 5/20 |
· · | with means for indicating a maximum or a minimum or both (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/22 takes precedence)

|  | G01K 5/22 |
· · | with provision for expansion indicating over not more than a few degrees, e.g. clinical thermometer

|  | G01K 5/24 |
· · | with provision for measuring the difference between two temperatures

|  | G01K 5/26 |
· · | with provision for adjusting zero point of scale, e.g. Beckmann thermometer

|  | G01K 5/28 |
· | the material being a gas (contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/32)

|  | G01K 5/30 |
· · | the gas displacing a liquid column

|  | G01K 5/32 |
· | the material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the material (under pressure developed by evaporation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 11/04; pressure-measuring devices in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01L)

|  | G01K 5/34 |
· · | the body being a capsule (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/36, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/42 take precedence)

|  | G01K 5/36 |
· · | the body being a tubular spring, e.g. Bourdon tube

|  | G01K 5/38 |
· · · | of spiral formation

|  | G01K 5/40 |
· · · | of helical formation

|  | G01K 5/42 |
· · | the body being a bellows

|  | G01K 5/44 |
· · | the body being a cylinder and piston

|  | G01K 5/46 |
· · | with electric conversion means for final indication

|  | G01K 5/48 |
· | the material being a solid

|  | G01K 5/50 |
· · | arranged for free expansion or contraction

|  | G01K 5/52 |
· · · | with electrical conversion means for final indication

|  | G01K 5/54 |
· · | consisting of pivotally-connected elements

|  | G01K 5/56 |
· · | constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid

|  | G01K 5/58 |
· · · | the solid body being constrained at more than one point, e.g. rod, plate, diaphragm (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/62 takes precedence)

|  | G01K 5/60 |
· · · · | the body being a flexible wire or ribbon

|  | G01K 5/62 |
· · · | the solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strip

|  | G01K 5/64 |
· · · · | Details of the compound system

|  | G01K 5/66 |
· · · · · | Selection of composition of the components of the system

|  | G01K 5/68 |
· · · · · | Shape of the system

|  | G01K 5/70 |
· · · · | specially adapted for indicating or recording

|  | G01K 5/72 |
· · · · · | with electric transmission means for final indication

|  | G01K 7/00 |
Thermometers based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat (giving results other than momentary value of temperature Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 3/00; measuring electric or magnetic variables Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01R)

|  | G01K 7/02 |
· | using thermo-electric elements, e.g. thermo-couples (thermo-electric or thermo-magnetic devices per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01L 35/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01L 37/00)

|  | G01K 7/04 |
· · | the object to be measured not forming one of the thermo-electric materials

|  | G01K 7/06 |
· · · | the thermo-electric materials being arranged one within the other with the junction at one end exposed to the object, e.g. sheathed type

|  | G01K 7/08 |
· · | the object to be measured forming one of the thermo-electric materials, e.g. pointed type

|  | G01K 7/10 |
· · | Arrangements for compensating for auxiliary variables, e.g. length of lead

|  | G01K 7/12 |
· · · | Arrangements with respect to the cold junction, e.g. preventing influence of temperature of surrounding air

|  | G01K 7/14 |
· · | Arrangements for modifying the output characteristic

|  | G01K 7/16 |
· | using resistive elements (resistive elements per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01L)

|  | G01K 7/18 |
· · | the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 7/26 takes precedence)

|  | G01K 7/20 |
· · · | in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit

|  | G01K 7/22 |
· · | the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 7/26 takes precedence)

|  | G01K 7/24 |
· · · | in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit

|  | G01K 7/26 |
· · | the element being an electrolyte

|  | G01K 7/28 |
· · · | in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit

|  | G01K 7/30 |
· | using thermal noise of resistances or conductors

|  | G01K 7/32 |
· | using change of resonant frequency of a crystal

|  | G01K 7/34 |
· | using capacitative elements (capacitors per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01G)

|  | G01K 7/36 |
· | using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils (magnetic elements per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01F)

|  | G01K 7/38 |
· · | the variations of temperature influencing the magnetic permeability

|  | G01K 7/40 |
· | using ionisation of gases

|  | G01K 9/00 |
Thermometers based upon movements caused by redistribution of weight, e.g. tilting thermometer (not giving momentary value of temperature Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 3/00)

|  | G01K 11/00 |
Thermometers based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 3/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 7/00, or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 9/00

|  | G01K 11/02 |
· | using evaporation or sublimation, e.g. by observing boiling

|  | G01K 11/04 |
· · | from material contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the vapour

|  | G01K 11/06 |
· | using melting, freezing, or softening

|  | G01K 11/08 |
· · | of disposable test bodies, e.g. cone

|  | G01K 11/10 |
· | using sintering

|  | G01K 11/12 |
· | using change of colour or translucency (heat-sensitive sheets for use in thermography Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B41M 5/00)

|  | G01K 11/14 |
· · | of inorganic materials

|  | G01K 11/16 |
· · | of organic materials

|  | G01K 11/18 |
· · | of materials which change translucency

|  | G01K 11/20 |
· | using thermoluminescent materials

|  | G01K 11/22 |
· | using measurement of acoustic effects

|  | G01K 11/24 |
· · | of the velocity of propagation of sound

|  | G01K 11/26 |
· · | of resonant frequencies

|  | G01K 11/28 |
· | using measurements of density (measuring density in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N)

|  | G01K 13/00 |
Adaptations of thermometers for specific purposes

|  | G01K 13/02 |
· | for measuring temperature of moving fluids and granular materials capable of flow

|  | G01K 13/04 |
· | for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies

|  | G01K 13/06 |
· · | in linear movement

|  | G01K 13/08 |
· · | in rotary movement

|  | G01K 13/10 |
· | for measuring temperature within piled or stacked materials (by special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 1/16)

|  | G01K 13/12 |
· | combined with sampling devices for measuring temperatures of samples of material

|  | G01K 15/00 |
Testing or calibrating of thermometers

|  | G01K 17/00 |
Measuring quantity of heat (measuring temperature by calorimetry Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 3/00-G01K 11/00; specially adapted for measuring thermal properties of materials, e.g. specific heat, heat of combustion, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01N)

|  | G01K 17/02 |
· | Calorimeters using transport of an indicating substance, e.g. evaporation calorimeters

|  | G01K 17/04 |
· | Calorimeters using compensation methods

|  | G01K 17/06 |
· | Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing medium, e.g. in heating systems (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 17/02, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01K 17/04 take precedence)

|  | G01K 17/08 |
· · | based upon measurement of temperature difference

|  | G01K 17/10 |
· · · | between an inlet and an outlet point, combined with measurement of rate of flow of the medium

|  | G01K 17/12 |
· · · · | Indicating product of flow and temperature difference directly

|  | G01K 17/14 |
· · · · · | using mechnical means for both measurements

|  | G01K 17/16 |
· · · · · | using electrical means for both measurements

|  | G01K 17/18 |
· · · · · | using electrical means for one measurement and mechanical means for the other

|  | G01K 17/20 |
· · · | across a radiating surface, combined with ascertainment of the heat-transmission coefficient

|  | G01K 19/00 |
Testing or calibrating calorimeters