C SECTION C CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY C01 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (obtaining metal compounds from mixtures, e.g. ores, which are intermediate compounds in a metallurgical process for obtaining a free metal C21B, C22B;production of non-metallic elements or inorganic compounds by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25B) C01B NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF C01B0003000000 Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it (separation of gases by physical means B01D);;Purification of hydrogen (production of water-gas and synthesis gas from solid carbonaceous material C10J;purifying or modifying the chemical compositions of combustible technical gases containing carbon monoxide C10K) C01B0003020000 Production of hydrogen or of gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen C01B0003040000 by decomposition of inorganic compounds, e.g. ammonia C01B0003060000 by reaction of inorganic compounds containing electro-positively bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents (by electrolysis of water C25B0001040000);; C01B0003080000 with metals C01B0003100000 by reaction of water vapour with metals C01B0003120000 by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide C01B0003140000 Handling of heat and steam C01B0003160000 using catalysts C01B0003180000 using moving solid particles C01B0003200000 by reaction of metal hydroxides with carbon monoxide C01B0003220000 by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds (coking liquid carbonaceous materials C10B0055000000);; C01B0003240000 of hydrocarbons C01B0003260000 using catalysts C01B0003280000 using moving solid particles C01B0003300000 using the fluidised bed technique C01B0003320000 by reaction of gaseous or liquid organic compounds with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air C01B0003340000 by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents C01B0003360000 using oxygen or mixtures containing oxygen as gasifying agents C01B0003380000 using catalysts C01B0003400000 characterised by the catalyst C01B0003420000 using moving solid particles C01B0003440000 using the fluidised bed technique C01B0003460000 using discontinuously preheated non-moving solid materials, e.g. blast and run C01B0003480000 followed by reaction of water vapour with carbon monoxide C01B0003500000 Separation of hydrogen or hydrogen containing gases from gaseous mixtures, e.g. purification (C01B0003140000 takes precedence);; C01B0003520000 by contacting with liquids; Regeneration of used liquids C01B0003540000 including a catalytic reaction C01B0003560000 by contacting with solids; Regeneration of used solids C01B0003580000 including a catalytic reaction C01B0004000000 Hydrogen isotopes; Inorganic compounds thereof prepared by isotope exchange, e.g. NH 3+D2 NH2D+HD(separation of isotopes B01D0059000000;other chemical reactions to form compounds of hydrogen isotopes, see the relevant groups for hydrogen compounds in class C01) C01B0005000000 Water C01B0005020000 Heavy water; Preparation by chemical reaction of hydrogen isotopes or their compounds, e.g. 4ND; 3+7O2 4NO2+6D2O, 2D2+O2 2D2O C01B0006000000 Hydrides of metals; Monoborane or diborane; Addition complexes thereof (higher hydrides of boron, substituted hydrides of boron C01B0035000000);; C01B0006020000 Hydrides of transition elements; Addition complexes thereof C01B0006040000 Hydrides of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium or magnesium; Addition complexes thereof C01B0006060000 Hydrides of aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth or polonium; Monoborane; Diborane; Addition complexes thereof C01B0006100000 Monoborane; Diborane; Addition complexes thereof C01B0006110000 Preparation from boron or inorganic compounds containing boron and oxygen C01B0006130000 Addition complexes of monoborane or diborane, e.g. with phosphine, arsine or hydrazine C01B0006150000 Metal boranates; Addition complexes thereof C01B0006170000 Preparation from boron or inorganic compounds containing boron and oxygen C01B0006190000 Preparation from other compounds of boron C01B0006210000 Preparation of boranates of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, magnesium or beryllium; Addition complexes thereof, e.g. LiBH; 4.2N2H4, NaB2H7 C01B0006230000 Preparation of boranates of other metals, e.g. aluminium borohydride; Addition complexes thereof, e.g. Li[Al(BH; 4)3H] C01B0006240000 Hydrides containing at least two metals, e.g. Li(AlH; 4)Addition complexes thereof (C01B0006130000-C01B0006230000; take precedence);; C01B0006260000 Preparation from the metal with the highest valency or from its oxides or salts of its oxyacids C01B0006340000 Purification; Stabilisation C01B0007000000 Halogens; Halogen acids (oxyacids C01B0011000000);; C01B0007010000 Chlorine; Hydrogen chloride C01B0007030000 Preparation from chlorides C01B0007040000 Preparation of chlorine from hydrogen chloride C01B0007050000 Preparation from ammonium chloride C01B0007070000 Purification C01B0007075000 of liquid chlorine C01B0007090000 Bromine; Hydrogen bromide C01B0007130000 Iodine; Hydrogen iodide C01B0007140000 Iodine C01B0007160000 Preparation from seaweed C01B0007190000 Fluorine; Hydrogen fluoride C01B0007200000 Fluorine C01B0007240000 Inter-halogen compounds C01B0009000000 General methods of preparing halides (particular individual halides, see the relevant groups in sub-classes C01B-C01G; according to the element combined with the halogen;electrolytic production of inorganic compounds C25B) C01B0009020000 chlorides C01B0009040000 bromides C01B0009060000 iodides C01B0009080000 fluorides C01B0011000000 Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof C01B0011020000 Oxides of chlorine C01B0011040000 Hypochlorous acid C01B0011060000 Hypochlorites, e.g. chlorinated lime C01B0011080000 Chlorous acid C01B0011100000 Chlorites C01B0011120000 Chloric acid C01B0011140000 Chlorates C01B0011160000 Perchloric acid C01B0011180000 Perchlorates C01B0011200000 Oxygen compounds of bromine C01B0011220000 Oxygen compounds of iodine C01B0011240000 Oxygen compounds of fluorine C01B0013000000 Oxygen; Ozone; Oxides or hydroxides in general C01B0013020000 Preparation of oxygen (by liquefying F25J);; C01B0013080000 from air with the aid of metal oxides, e.g. barium oxide, manganese oxide C01B0013100000 Preparation of ozone C01B0013110000 by electric discharge C01B0013140000 Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general (particular individual oxides or hydroxides, see the relevant groups of sub-classes C01B-C01G; or C25B, according to the element combined with the oxygen or hydroxyl);; C01B0013160000 Purification C01B0013180000 by thermal decomposition of compounds, e.g. of salts or hydroxides C01B0013200000 by oxidation of elements in the gaseous state; by oxidation or hydrolysis of compounds in the gaseous state C01B0013220000 of halides or oxyhalides C01B0013240000 in the presence of hot combustion gases C01B0013260000 in the presence of a fluidised bed C01B0013280000 using a plasma or an electric discharge C01B0013300000 Removal and cooling of the oxide containing suspension C01B0013320000 by oxidation or hydrolysis of elements or compounds in the liquid or solid state C01B0013340000 by oxidation or hydrolysis of sprayed or atomised solutions C01B0013360000 by precipitation reactions in solutions C01B0015000000 Peroxides; Peroxyhydrates; Peroxyacids or salts thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides C01B0015010000 Hydrogen peroxide C01B0015013000 Separation; Purification; Concentration C01B0015017000 Anhydrous hydrogen peroxide; Anhydrous solutions or gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen peroxide C01B0015022000 Preparation from organic compounds C01B0015023000 by the alkyl-anthraquinone process C01B0015024000 from hydrocarbons C01B0015026000 from alcohols C01B0015027000 Preparation from water C01B0015029000 Preparation from hydrogen and oxygen C01B0015030000 Preparation from inorganic peroxy-compounds, e.g. from peroxysulphates C01B0015032000 from metal peroxides C01B0015037000 Stabilisation by additives C01B0015040000 Metal peroxides or peroxyhydrates thereof; Superoxides; Ozonides C01B0015043000 of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or of magnesium C01B0015047000 of heavy metals C01B0015055000 Peroxyhydrates (C01B0015040000 takes precedence);;Peroxyacids or salts thereof C01B0015060000 containing sulphur C01B0015080000 Peroxysulphates C01B0015100000 containing carbon C01B0015120000 containing boron C01B0015140000 containing silicon C01B0015160000 containing phosphorus C01B0017000000 Sulphur; Compounds thereof C01B0017020000 Preparation of sulphur; Purification C01B0017027000 Recovery of sulphur from material containing elemental sulphur, e.g. luxmasses; Purification C01B0017033000 using a liquid extractant C01B0017040000 from gaseous sulphur compounds including gaseous sulphides C01B0017050000 by wet processes C01B0017060000 from non-gaseous sulphides or materials containing such sulphides, e.g. ores C01B0017100000 Finely-divided sulphur, e.g. sublimed sulphur, flowers of sulphur C01B0017120000 Insoluble sulphur (mY-sulphur) C01B0017160000 Hydrogen sulphides C01B0017180000 Hydrogen polysulphides C01B0017200000 Methods for preparing sulphides or polysulphides, in general (ammonium sulphides or polysulphides C01C;sulphides or polysulphides of metals, other than alkali metals, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium, see the relevant groups of sub-classes C01F; or C01G; according to the metal); C01B0017220000 Alkali metal sulphides or polysulphides C01B0017240000 Preparation by reduction C01B0017260000 with carbon C01B0017280000 with reducing gases C01B0017300000 Preparation from sodium or potassium amalgam with sulphur or sulphides C01B0017320000 Hydrosulphides of sodium or potassium C01B0017340000 Polysulphides of sodium or potassium C01B0017360000 Purification C01B0017380000 Dehydration C01B0017400000 Making shaped products, e.g. granules C01B0017420000 Sulphides or polysulphides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B0017430000 from oxides or hydroxides with sulphur or hydrogen sulphide C01B0017440000 by reduction of sulphates C01B0017450000 Compounds containing sulphur and halogen, with or without oxygen C01B0017460000 Compounds containing sulphur, halogen, hydrogen, and oxygen C01B0017480000 Sulphur dioxide; Sulphurous acid C01B0017500000 Preparation of sulphur dioxide C01B0017520000 by roasting sulphides (C22B0001000000 takes precedence);; C01B0017540000 by burning elemental sulphur C01B0017560000 Separation; Purification C01B0017580000 Recovery of sulphur dioxide from acid tar and the like C01B0017600000 Isolation of sulphur dioxide from gases C01B0017620000 Methods of preparing sulphites in general (particular individual sulphites, see the relevant groups of sub-classes C01B-C01G; according to the cation);; C01B0017640000 Thiosulphates; Dithionites; Polythionates C01B0017660000 Dithionites C01B0017690000 Sulphur trioxide; Sulphuric acid C01B0017700000 Stabilisation of gamma-form sulphur trioxide C01B0017740000 Preparation C01B0017760000 by contact processes C01B0017765000 Multi-stage SO; 3-conversion C01B0017770000 Fluidised-bed processes C01B0017775000 Liquid phase contacting processes or wet catalysis processes C01B0017780000 characterised by the catalyst used C01B0017790000 containing vanadium C01B0017800000 Apparatus C01B0017820000 of sulphuric acid using a nitrogen oxide process C01B0017840000 chamber process C01B0017860000 tower process C01B0017880000 Concentration of sulphuric acid C01B0017900000 Separation; Purification C01B0017920000 Recovery from acid tar and the like C01B0017940000 Recovery from nitration acids C01B0017960000 Methods for the preparation of sulphates in general (particular individual sulphates, see the relevant groups of sub-classes C01B-C01G; according to the cation);; C01B0017980000 Other compounds containing sulphur and oxygen (persulphuric acids C01B0015060000;persulphates C01B0015080000) C01B0019000000 Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof (phosphorus compounds C01B0025140000);; C01B0019020000 Elemental selenium or tellurium C01B0019040000 Binary compounds C01B0021000000 Nitrogen; Compounds thereof C01B0021020000 Preparation of nitrogen (from ammonia C01B0003040000);; C01B0021040000 Purification or separation of nitrogen (by liquefying F25J);; C01B0021060000 Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron (azides C01B0021080000);; C01B0021064000 with boron C01B0021068000 with silicon C01B0021072000 with aluminium C01B0021076000 with titanium or zirconium C01B0021080000 Hydrazoic acid; Azides; Halogen azides C01B0021082000 Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals (C01B0021060000, C01B0021080000 take precedence);; C01B0021083000 containing one or more halogen atoms C01B0021084000 containing also one or more oxygen atoms, e.g. nitrosyl halides C01B0021086000 containing one or more sulphur atoms C01B0021087000 containing one or more hydrogen atoms C01B0021088000 containing also one or more halogen atoms C01B0021090000 Halogeno-amines, e.g. chloramine C01B0021092000 containing also one or more metal atoms C01B0021093000 containing also one or more sulphur atoms C01B0021094000 Nitrosyl containing acids C01B0021096000 Amidosulphonic acid; Salts thereof C01B0021097000 containing phosphorus atoms C01B0021098000 Phosphonitrilic dihalides; Polymers thereof C01B0021120000 Carbamic acid; Salts thereof C01B0021140000 Hydroxylamine; Salts thereof C01B0021160000 Hydrazine; Salts thereof C01B0021200000 Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof C01B0021220000 Nitrous oxide (N; 2O) C01B0021240000 Nitric oxide (NO) C01B0021260000 Preparation by catalytic oxidation of ammonia C01B0021280000 Apparatus C01B0021300000 Preparation by oxidation of nitrogen C01B0021320000 Apparatus C01B0021340000 Nitrogen trioxide (N; 2O3) C01B0021360000 Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2, N2O4)(C01B0021260000, C01B0021300000 take precedence);; C01B0021380000 Nitric acid C01B0021400000 Preparation by absorption of oxides of nitrogen C01B0021420000 Preparation from nitrates C01B0021440000 Concentration C01B0021460000 Purification; Separation C01B0021480000 Methods for the preparation of nitrates in general (particular individual nitrates, see the relevant groups of sub-classes C01B-C01G; according to the cation);; C01B0021500000 Nitrous acid; Salts thereof C01B0023000000 Noble gases; Compounds thereof; Radon (liquefying F25J);; C01B0025000000 Phosphorus; Compounds thereof (C01B0021000000, C01B0023000000 take precedence;perphosphates C01B0015160000) C01B0025010000 Treating phosphate ores or other raw phosphate materials to obtain phosphorus or phosphorus compounds C01B0025020000 Preparation of phosphorus C01B0025023000 of red phosphorus C01B0025027000 of yellow phosphorus C01B0025040000 Purification of phosphorus C01B0025043000 of red phosphorus C01B0025047000 of yellow phosphorus C01B0025060000 Hydrogen phosphides C01B0025080000 Other phosphides C01B0025100000 Halides or oxyhalides of phosphorus C01B0025120000 Oxides of phosphorus C01B0025140000 Sulphur, selenium, or tellurium compounds of phosphorus C01B0025160000 Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof (peroxyacids or salts thereof C01B0015000000);; C01B0025163000 Phosphorous acid; Salts thereof C01B0025165000 Hypophosphorous acid; Salts thereof C01B0025168000 Pyrophosphorous acid; Salts thereof C01B0025180000 Phosphoric acid C01B0025200000 Preparation from elemental phosphorus or phosphoric anhydride C01B0025220000 Preparation by reacting phosphate containing material with an acid, e.g. wet process C01B0025222000 with sulphuric acid, a mixture of acids mainly consisting of sulphuric acid or a mixture of compounds forming it ; in situ, e.g. a mixture of sulphur dioxide, water and oxygen C01B0025223000 only one form of calcium sulphate being formed C01B0025225000 Dihydrate process C01B0025226000 Hemihydrate process C01B0025228000 one form of calcium sulphate being formed and then converted to another form C01B0025229000 Hemihydrate-dihydrate process C01B0025231000 Dihydrate-hemihydrate process C01B0025232000 Preparation by reacting phosphate containing material with concentrated sulphuric acid and subsequently lixiviating the obtained mass, e.g. clincker process C01B0025234000 Purification; Stabilisation; Concentration (purification concomitant with preparation C01B0025220000;preparation involving solvent-solvent extraction C01B0025460000) C01B0025235000 Clarification; Stabilisation to prevent post-precipitation of dissolved impurities C01B0025237000 Selective elimination of impurities C01B0025238000 Cationic impurities C01B0025240000 Condensed phosphoric acids C01B0025260000 Phosphates (perphosphates C01B0015160000);; C01B0025280000 Ammonium phosphates C01B0025300000 Alkali metal phosphates C01B0025320000 Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B0025340000 Magnesium phosphates C01B0025360000 Aluminium phosphates C01B0025370000 Phosphates of heavy metals C01B0025380000 Condensed phosphates C01B0025390000 of alkali metals C01B0025400000 Polyphosphates C01B0025410000 of alkali metals C01B0025420000 Pyrophosphates C01B0025440000 Metaphosphates C01B0025445000 of alkali metals C01B0025450000 containing plural metal, or metal and ammonium C01B0025455000 containing halogen C01B0025460000 Preparation involving solvent-solvent extraction (extraction per se B01D0011000000);; C01B0031000000 Carbon; Compounds thereof (C01B0021000000, C01B0023000000 take precedence;percarbonates C01B0015100000; carbon black C09C0001480000; gas carbon production C10B) C01B0031020000 Preparation of carbon (by using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds, B01J0003060000;by crystal growth C30B); Purification C01B0031040000 Graphite C01B0031060000 Diamond C01B0031080000 Active carbon C01B0031100000 Preparation by using gaseous activating agents C01B0031120000 Preparation by using non-gaseous activating agents C01B0031140000 Granulation (apparatus B01J0002000000);; C01B0031160000 Preparation of ion-exchanging materials from carbonaceous material C01B0031180000 Carbon monoxide (metal carbonyls C01G);; C01B0031200000 Carbon dioxide C01B0031220000 Solidifying C01B0031240000 Methods for the preparation of carbonates or bicarbonates in general (percarbonates C01B0015100000;particular individual carbonates, see the relevant groups of sub-classes C01B-C01G; according to the cation); C01B0031260000 Compounds containing carbon and sulphur, e.g. carbon disulphide, carbon oxysulphide; Thiophosgene C01B0031280000 Phosgene C01B0031300000 Carbides (alloys C22);; C01B0031320000 Calcium carbide C01B0031340000 Tungsten or molybdenum carbides C01B0031360000 Carbides of silicon or boron C01B0033000000 Silicon; Compounds thereof (C01B0021000000, C01B0023000000 take precedence;persilicates C01B0015140000; carbides C01B0031360000) C01B0033020000 Silicon (forming a single crystal layer from the vapour phase C30B0025000000);; C01B0033040000 Hydrides of silicon C01B0033060000 Metal silicides (alloys C22);; C01B0033080000 Compounds containing halogen C01B0033100000 Compounds containing silicon, fluorine, and other elements C01B0033107000 Halogenated silanes C01B0033113000 Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof C01B0033120000 Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid C01B0033140000 Colloidal silica, e.g. dispersions, gels, sols C01B0033141000 Preparation of hydrosols or aqueous dispersions C01B0033142000 by acidic treatment of silicates C01B0033143000 of aqueous solutions of silicates C01B0033145000 Preparation of hydroorganosols, organosols or dispersions in an organic medium C01B0033146000 After-treatment of sols (preparation of hydroorganosols, organosols or dispersions in an organic medium from hydrosols C01B0033145000);; C01B0033148000 Concentration; Drying; Dehydration; Stabilisation; Purification C01B0033149000 Coating C01B0033151000 by progressively adding a sol to a different sol, i.e. "build up" of particles using a "heel" C01B0033152000 Preparation of hydrogels C01B0033154000 by acidic treatment of aqueous silicate solutions C01B0033155000 Preparation of hydroorganogels or organogels C01B0033157000 After-treatment of gels C01B0033158000 Purification; Drying; Dehydrating C01B0033159000 Coating or hydrophobisation C01B0033160000 Preparation of silica xerogels C01B0033180000 Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof (preparation of aerogels by dehydrating gels C01B0033158000;treatment to enhance the pigmenting or filling properties C09C) C01B0033187000 by acidic treatment of silicates C01B0033193000 of aqueous solutions of silicates C01B0033200000 Silicates (persilicates C01B0015140000);; C01B0033220000 Magnesium silicates C01B0033240000 Alkaline-earth metal silicates C01B0033260000 Aluminium-containing silicates C01B0033280000 Base exchange silicates, e.g. zeolites (regeneration B01J0049000000);; C01B0033300000 Bleaching earth C01B0033320000 Alkali metal silicates (C01B0033260000 takes precedence);; C01B0035000000 Boron; Compounds thereof (monoborane, diborane, metal boranates or addition complexes thereof C01B0006000000;perborates C01B0015120000; binary compounds with nitrogen C01B0021060000; phosphides C01B0025080000; carbides C01B0031360000; alloys containing boron C22) C01B0035020000 Boron; Borides C01B0035040000 Metal borides C01B0035060000 Boron halogen compounds C01B0035080000 Compounds containing boron and nitrogen, phosphorus, oxygen, sulphur, selenium or tellurium C01B0035100000 Compounds containing boron and oxygen (C01B0035060000 takes precedence);; C01B0035120000 Borates C01B0035140000 Compounds containing boron and nitrogen, phosphorus, sulphur, selenium or tellurium C01B0035160000 Compounds containing direct bonding between two boron atoms, e.g. Cl; 2BBCl2 C01B0035180000 Compounds containing three or more boron atoms, e.g. Na B 3H8, MgB10Br10(borazoles C01B0035140000);; C01C AMMONIA; CYANOGEN; COMPOUNDS THEREOF (salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000;peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B0015000000; thiosulphates, dithionites, polythionates C01B0017640000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; azides C01B0021080000; metal amides C01B0021092000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; compounds containing silicon C01B0033000000; compounds containing boron C01B0035000000) C01C0001000000 Ammonia; Compounds thereof C01C0001020000 Preparation or separation of ammonia C01C0001040000 Preparation of ammonia by synthesis (preparation or purification of gas mixtures for ammonia synthesis C01B0003020000);; C01C0001080000 Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances C01C0001100000 Separation of ammonia from ammonia liquors, e.g. gas liquors C01C0001120000 Separation of ammonia from gases and vapours C01C0001140000 Saturators C01C0001160000 Halides of ammonium C01C0001180000 Nitrates of ammonium C01C0001200000 Sulphides; Polysulphides C01C0001220000 Sulphites of ammonium C01C0001240000 Sulphates of ammonium (C01C0001140000 takes precedence);; C01C0001242000 Preparation from ammonia and sulphuric acid or sulphur trioxide C01C0001244000 Preparation by double decompostion of ammonium salts with sulphates C01C0001245000 Preparation from compounds containing nitrogen and sulphur C01C0001246000 from sulphur-containing ammonium compounds C01C0001247000 by oxidation with free oxygen C01C0001248000 Preventing coalescing or controlling form or size of crystals C01C0001249000 Deacidifying the crystals C01C0001260000 Carbonates or bicarbonates of ammonium C01C0001280000 Methods of preparing ammonium salts in general C01C0003000000 Cyanogen; Compounds thereof C01C0003020000 Preparation of hydrogen cyanide C01C0003040000 Separation from gases C01C0003060000 Stabilisation of hydrogen cyanide C01C0003080000 Simple or complex cyanides of metals C01C0003100000 Simple alkali metal cyanides C01C0003110000 Complex cyanides C01C0003120000 Simple or complex iron cyanides C01C0003140000 Cyanic acid; Salts thereof C01C0003160000 Cyanamide; Salts thereof (dicyandiamide C07C0129140000);; C01C0003180000 Calcium cyanamide C01C0003200000 Thiocyanic acid; Salts thereof C01D COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM (metal hydrides C01B0006000000;salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B0015000000; sulphides or polysulphides C01B0017220000; thiosulphates, dithionites, polythionates C01B0017640000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B0021060000; azides C01B0021080000; metal amides C01B0021092000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; carbides C01B0031300000; compounds containing silicon C01B0033000000; compounds containing boron C01B0035000000; cyanides C01C0003080000; salts of cyanic acid C01C0003140000; salts of cyanamide C01C0003160000; thiocyanates C01C0003200000) C01D0001000000 Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general C01D0001020000 Oxides C01D0001040000 Hydroxides C01D0001200000 Preparation by reacting oxides or hydroxides with alkali metal salts C01D0001220000 with carbonates or bicarbonates C01D0001240000 from or via fluorides or silico-fluorides C01D0001260000 Preparation from or via cyano coumpounds, e.g. cyanides, cyanamides C01D0001280000 Purification; Separation C01D0001300000 by crystallisation C01D0001320000 by adsorption or precipitation C01D0001340000 with selective solvents C01D0001360000 by oxidation C01D0001380000 by dialysis C01D0001400000 by electrolysis C01D0001420000 Concentration; Dehydration C01D0001440000 Preparation in the form of granules, pieces, or other shaped products C01D0003000000 Halides of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general C01D0003020000 Fluorides C01D0003040000 Chlorides C01D0003060000 Preparation by working up brines, seawater or spent lyes C01D0003080000 Preparation by working up natural or industrial salt mixtures or siliceous minerals C01D0003100000 Bromides C01D0003120000 Iodides C01D0003140000 Purification C01D0003160000 by precipitation or adsorption C01D0003180000 with selective solvents C01D0003200000 by melting C01D0003220000 Preparation in the form of granules, pieces, or other shaped products C01D0003240000 Influencing the crystallisation process C01D0003260000 Preventing the absorption of moisture or caking of the crystals C01D0005000000 Sulphates or sulphites of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general C01D0005020000 Preparation of sulphates from alkali metal salts and sulphuric acid or bisulphates; Preparation of bisulphates C01D0005040000 Preparation of sulphates with the aid of sulphurous acid or sulphites, e.g. Hargreaves process C01D0005060000 Preparation of sulphates by double decomposition C01D0005080000 with each other or with ammonium sulphate C01D0005100000 with sulphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01D0005120000 Preparation of double sulphates of magnesium with sodium or potassium C01D0005140000 Preparation of sulphites (C01D0005040000 takes precedence);; C01D0005160000 Purification C01D0005180000 Dehydration C01D0007000000 Carbonates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general C01D0007020000 Preparation by double decomposition C01D0007040000 with a fluoride or silico-fluoride (C01D0001240000 takes precedence);; C01D0007060000 Preparation via sodium or potassium magnesium carbonate C01D0007070000 Preparation from the hydroxides C01D0007080000 Preparation from or via cyano compounds of sodium or potassium (C01D0001260000 takes precedence);; C01D0007100000 Preparation of bicarbonates from carbonates (ammonia-soda process C01D0007180000);; C01D0007120000 Preparation of carbonates from bicarbonates C01D0007140000 Preparation of sesquicarbonates C01D0007160000 Preparation from compounds of sodium or potassium with amines and carbon dioxide C01D0007180000 Preparation by the ammonia-soda process C01D0007220000 Purification C01D0007240000 Crystallisation C01D0007260000 by precipitation or adsorption C01D0007280000 with selective solvents C01D0007300000 by oxidation C01D0007320000 by dialysis C01D0007340000 by electrolysis C01D0007350000 Varying the content of water of crystallisation or the specific gravity C01D0007370000 Densifying sodium carbonate C01D0007380000 Preparation in the form of granules, pieces, or other shaped products C01D0007400000 Influencing the crystallisation process C01D0007420000 Preventing the absorption of moisture or caking C01D0009000000 Nitrates of sodium, potassium, or alkali metals in general C01D0009020000 Preparation by working-up natural salt mixtures C01D0009040000 Preparation with liquid nitric acid C01D0009060000 Preparation with gaseous nitric acid or nitrogen oxides C01D0009080000 Preparation by double decomposition C01D0009100000 with ammonium nitrate C01D0009120000 with nitrates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01D0009140000 of salts of potassium with sodium nitrate C01D0009160000 Purification C01D0009180000 Preparation in the form of shaped products, e.g. granules C01D0009200000 Preventing the absorption of moisture or caking C01D0013000000 Compounds of sodium or potassium not provided for elsewhere C01D0015000000 Lithium compounds C01D0015020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01D0015040000 Halides C01D0015060000 Sulphates; Sulphites C01D0015080000 Carbonates; Bicarbonates C01D0015100000 Nitrates C01D0017000000 Rubidium, caesium, or francium compounds C01F COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS (metal hydrides C01B0006000000;salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B0015000000; sulphides or polysulphides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B0017420000; thiosulphates, dithionites, polythionates C01B0017640000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B0021060000; azides C01B0021080000; metal amides C01B0021092000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; carbides C01B0031300000; compounds containing silicon C01B0033000000; compounds containing boron C01B0035000000; cyanides C01C0003080000; salts of cyanic acid C01C0003140000; salts of cyanamide C01C0003160000; thiocyanates C01C0003200000) C01F0001000000 Methods of preparing compounds of the metals beryllium, magnesium, aluminium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, thorium, and the rare earths, in general C01F0003000000 Compounds of beryllium C01F0003020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01F0005000000 Compounds of magnesium C01F0005020000 Magnesia C01F0005040000 by oxidation of metallic magnesium C01F0005060000 by thermal decomposition of magnesium compounds (calcining magnesite or dolomite C04B0003000000);; C01F0005080000 by calcining magnesium hydroxide C01F0005100000 by thermal decomposition of magnesium chloride with water vapour C01F0005120000 by thermal decomposition of magnesium sulphate, with or without reduction C01F0005140000 Magnesium hydroxide C01F0005160000 by treating magnesia, e.g. calcined dolomite, with water or solutions of salts not containing magnesium C01F0005200000 by precipitation from solutions of magnesium salts with ammonia C01F0005220000 from magnesium compounds with alkali hydroxides or alkaline-earth oxides or hydroxides C01F0005240000 Magnesium carbonates C01F0005260000 Magnesium halides C01F0005280000 Fluorides C01F0005300000 Chlorides C01F0005320000 Preparation of anhydrous magnesium chloride by chlorinating magnesium compounds C01F0005340000 Dehydrating magnesium chloride containing water of crystallisation C01F0005360000 Bromides C01F0005380000 Magnesium nitrates C01F0005400000 Magnesium sulphates (double sulphates of magnesium with sodium or potassium C01D0005120000, with other alkali metals C01D0015060000, C01D0017000000);; C01F0005420000 Magnesium sulphites C01F0007000000 Compounds of aluminium C01F0007020000 Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates C01F0007040000 Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom C01F0007060000 by treating aluminous minerals with alkali hydroxide C01F0007080000 by treating aluminous minerals with sodium carbonate C01F0007100000 by treating aluminous minerals with alkali sulphates and reducing agents C01F0007120000 Alkali metal aluminates from alkaline-earth metal aluminates C01F0007140000 Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates C01F0007160000 Preparation of alkaline-earth metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom C01F0007180000 Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkaline-earth metal aluminates C01F0007200000 Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from aluminous ores with acids or salts C01F0007220000 with halides C01F0007240000 with nitric acid or nitrogen oxides C01F0007260000 with sulphuric acids or sulphates C01F0007280000 with sulphurous acid C01F0007300000 Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide by thermal decompositon of aluminium compounds C01F0007320000 of sulphates C01F0007340000 Preparation of aluminium hydroxide by precipitation from solutions containing aluminium salts C01F0007360000 from organic aluminium salts C01F0007380000 Preparation of aluminium oxide by thermal reduction of aluminous minerals C01F0007400000 in the presence of aluminium sulphide C01F0007420000 Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from metallic aluminium, e.g. by oxidation C01F0007440000 Dehydration of aluminium hydroxide C01F0007460000 Purification of aluminium hydroxide or oxide C01F0007480000 Aluminium halides C01F0007500000 Fluorides C01F0007520000 Double compounds containing both fluorine and other acid groups C01F0007540000 Double compounds containing both aluminium and alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals C01F0007560000 Chlorides (containing fluorine C01F0007520000);; C01F0007580000 Preparation of anhydrous aluminium chloride C01F0007600000 from oxygen-containing aluminium compounds C01F0007620000 Purification C01F0007640000 Bromides (containing fluorine C01F0007520000);; C01F0007660000 Aluminium nitrates (containing fluorine C01F0007520000);; C01F0007680000 Aluminium compounds containing sulphur (containing fluorine C01F0007520000);; C01F0007700000 Sulphides C01F0007720000 Sulphites C01F0007740000 Sulphates C01F0007760000 Double salts, e.g. alum C01F0011000000 Compounds of calcium, strontium, or barium (C01F0007000000 takes precedence);; C01F0011020000 Oxides or hydroxides (production of lime C04B0001000000);; C01F0011040000 by thermal decomposition C01F0011060000 of carbonates C01F0011080000 by reduction of sulphates C01F0011100000 from sulphides C01F0011120000 from silicates C01F0011160000 Purification C01F0011180000 Carbonates C01F0011200000 Halides C01F0011220000 Fluorides C01F0011240000 Chlorides C01F0011260000 from sulphides C01F0011280000 by chlorination of alkaline-earth metal compounds C01F0011300000 Concentrating; Dehydrating; Preventing the absorption of moisture or caking C01F0011320000 Purification C01F0011340000 Bromides C01F0011360000 Nitrates C01F0011380000 Preparation with nitric acid or nitrogen oxides C01F0011400000 Preparation by double decomposition with nitrates C01F0011420000 Double salts (with magnesium C01F0005380000);; C01F0011440000 Concentrating; Crystallising; Dehydrating; Preventing the absorption of moisture or caking C01F0011460000 Sulphates (dehydration of gypsum C04B0011020000);; C01F0011480000 Sulphites C01F0013000000 Compounds of radium C01F0015000000 Compounds of thorium C01F0017000000 Compounds of the rare-earth metals, i.e. scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, and the group of the lanthanides C01G COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUB-CLASSES C01D; OR C01F; (metal hydrides C01B0006000000;salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B0015000000; thiosulphates, dithionites, polythionates C01B0017640000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B0021060000; azides C01B0021080000; metal amides C01B0021092000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; carbides C01B0031300000; compounds containing silicon C01B0033000000; compounds containing boron C01B0035000000; cyanides C01C0003080000; salts of cyanic acid C01C0003140000; salts of cyanamide C01C0003160000; thiocyanates C01C0003200000) C01G0001000000 Methods of preparing compounds of metals not provided for in sub-classes C01B, C01C, C01D, C01F, in general(electrolytic production of inorganic compounds C25B0001000000);; C01G0001020000 oxides C01G0001040000 carbonyls C01G0001060000 halides C01G0001080000 nitrates C01G0001100000 sulphates C01G0001120000 sulphides C01G0001140000 sulphites C01G0003000000 Compounds of copper C01G0003020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0003040000 Halides C01G0003050000 Chlorides C01G0003060000 Oxychlorides C01G0003080000 Nitrates C01G0003100000 Sulphates C01G0003120000 Sulphides C01G0003140000 Complexes with ammonia C01G0005000000 Compounds of silver C01G0005020000 Halides C01G0007000000 Compounds of gold C01G0009000000 Compounds of zinc C01G0009020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0009030000 Processes of production using dry methods, e.g. vapour phase processes C01G0009040000 Halides C01G0009060000 Sulphates C01G0009080000 Sulphides C01G0011000000 Compounds of cadmium C01G0011020000 Sulphides C01G0013000000 Compounds of mercury C01G0013020000 Oxides C01G0013040000 Halides C01G0015000000 Compounds of gallium, indium, or thallium C01G0017000000 Compounds of germanium C01G0017020000 Germanium dioxide C01G0017040000 Halides of germanium C01G0019000000 Compounds of tin C01G0019020000 Oxides C01G0019040000 Halides C01G0019060000 Stannous chloride C01G0019080000 Stannic chloride C01G0021000000 Compounds of lead C01G0021020000 Oxides C01G0021040000 Lead suboxide (Pb; 2O) C01G0021060000 Lead monoxide (PbO) C01G0021080000 Lead dioxide (PbO; 2) C01G0021100000 Red lead (Pb; 3O4) C01G0021120000 Hydroxides C01G0021140000 Carbonates C01G0021160000 Halides C01G0021180000 Nitrates C01G0021200000 Sulphates C01G0021210000 Sulphides C01G0021220000 Plumbates; Plumbites C01G0023000000 Compounds of titanium C01G0023020000 Halides of titanium C01G0023040000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0023047000 Titanium dioxide C01G0023053000 Producing by wet processes, e.g. hydrolysing titanium salts C01G0023070000 Producing by vapour phase processes, e.g. halide oxidation C01G0023080000 Drying; Calcining C01G0025000000 Compounds of zirconium C01G0025020000 Oxides C01G0025040000 Halides C01G0025060000 Sulphates C01G0027000000 Compounds of hafnium C01G0027020000 Oxides C01G0027040000 Halides C01G0027060000 Sulphates C01G0028000000 Compounds of arsenic C01G0028020000 Arsenates; Arsenites C01G0029000000 Compounds of bismuth C01G0030000000 Compounds of antimony C01G0030020000 Antimonates; Antimonites C01G0031000000 Compounds of vanadium C01G0031020000 Oxides C01G0031040000 Halides C01G0033000000 Compounds of niobium C01G0035000000 Compounds of tantalum C01G0035020000 Halides C01G0037000000 Compounds of chromium C01G0037020000 Oxides or hydrates thereof C01G0037027000 Chromium dioxide C01G0037033000 Chromium trioxide; Chromic acid C01G0037040000 Chromium halides C01G0037060000 Chromylhalides C01G0037080000 Chromium sulphates C01G0037100000 Chrome alum C01G0037140000 Chromates; Bichromates C01G0039000000 Compounds of molybdenum C01G0039020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0039040000 Halides C01G0039060000 Sulphides C01G0041000000 Compounds of tungsten C01G0041020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0041040000 Halides C01G0043000000 Compounds of uranium C01G0043010000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0043025000 Uranium dioxide C01G0043040000 Halides of uranium C01G0043060000 Fluorides C01G0043080000 Chlorides C01G0043100000 Bromides C01G0043120000 Iodides C01G0045000000 Compounds of manganese C01G0045020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0045040000 Carbonyls C01G0045060000 Halides C01G0045080000 Nitrates C01G0045100000 Sulphates C01G0045120000 Manganates; Permanganates C01G0047000000 Compounds of rhenium C01G0049000000 Compounds of iron C01G0049020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0049040000 Ferrous oxide (FeO) C01G0049060000 Ferric oxide (Fe; 2O3) C01G0049080000 Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe; 3O4) C01G0049100000 Halides C01G0049120000 Sulphides C01G0049140000 Sulphates C01G0049160000 Carbonyls C01G0051000000 Compounds of cobalt C01G0051020000 Carbonyls C01G0051040000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0051060000 Carbonates C01G0051080000 Halides C01G0051100000 Sulphates C01G0051120000 Complexes with ammonia C01G0053000000 Compounds of nickel C01G0053020000 Carbonyls C01G0053040000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0053060000 Carbonates C01G0053080000 Halides C01G0053090000 Chlorides C01G0053100000 Sulphates C01G0053110000 Sulphides C01G0053120000 Complexes with ammonia C01G0055000000 Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum C01G0056000000 Compounds of transuranic elements C01G0057000000 Compounds of metals not covered elsewhere in this sub-class C02 TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (settling tanks, filtering, e.g. sand filters or screening devices, B01D);; C02F TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (separation in general B01D;special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively contaminated liquids G21F0009040000; regeneration of reactants for recirculation into processes, see the relevant places for the processes); C02F0001000000 Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage (C02F0003000000-C02F0009000000; take precedence);; C02F0001020000 by heating (methods of steam generation F22B;preheating boiler feed-water or accumulating preheated boiler feed-water F22D) C02F0001040000 by distillation or evaporation C02F0001060000 Flash evaporation C02F0001080000 Thin film evaporation C02F0001100000 by direct contact with a particulate solid or with a fluid, as a heat transfer medium C02F0001120000 Spray evaporation C02F0001140000 using solar energy C02F0001160000 using waste heat from other processes C02F0001180000 Transportable devices to obtain potable water C02F0001200000 by degassing, i.e. liberation of dissolved gases (arrangement of degassing apparatus in boiler feed supply F22D;degasification of liquids in general B01D0019000000) C02F0001220000 by freezing C02F0001240000 by flotation C02F0001260000 by extraction C02F0001280000 by sorption (using ion-exchange C02F0001420000;sorbent compositions B01J) C02F0001300000 by irradiation C02F0001320000 with ultra-violet light C02F0001340000 with mechanical oscillations C02F0001360000 ultrasonic vibrations C02F0001380000 by centrifugal separation C02F0001400000 Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material (cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or the like E02B0015040000;for use in drains leading to the main sewer E03F0005160000) C02F0001420000 by ion-exchange (ion-exchange in general B01J);; C02F0001440000 by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis C02F0001460000 by electrolysis, electro-osmosis or electrodialysis (electrolytic or electrophoretic processes and apparatus C25);; C02F0001480000 with magnetic or electric fields (C02F0001460000 has precedence);; C02F0001500000 by addition or application of a germicide or by oligodynamic treatment C02F0001520000 by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities C02F0001540000 using organic material C02F0001560000 Macromolecular compounds C02F0001580000 by removing specified dissolved compounds (using ion-exchange C02F0001420000;softening water C02F0005000000) C02F0001600000 Silicon compounds C02F0001620000 Heavy metal compounds C02F0001640000 of iron or manganese C02F0001660000 by neutralisation; pH adjustment (for degassing C02F0001200000;using ion-exchange C02F0001420000; for flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities C02F0001520000; for removing dissolved compounds C02F0001580000) C02F0001680000 by addition of specified substances, e.g. trace elements, for ameliorating potable water (medicinal water A61K);; C02F0001700000 by reduction C02F0001720000 by oxidation C02F0001740000 with air (aeration of stretches of water C02F0007000000);; C02F0001760000 with halogens or compounds of halogens C02F0001780000 with ozone C02F0003000000 Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage C02F0003020000 Aerobic processes C02F0003040000 using trickle filters C02F0003060000 using submerged filters C02F0003080000 using moving contact bodies C02F0003100000 Packings; Fillings; Grids C02F0003120000 Activated sludge processes C02F0003140000 using surface aeration C02F0003160000 the aerator having a vertical axis C02F0003180000 the aerator having a horizontal axis C02F0003200000 using diffusers C02F0003220000 using circulation pipes C02F0003240000 using free-fall aeration or spraying C02F0003260000 using pure oxygen or oxygen-rich gas C02F0003280000 Anaerobic digestion processes C02F0003300000 Aerobic and anaerobic processes C02F0003320000 characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae C02F0003340000 characterised by the micro-organism used C02F0005000000 Softening water; Preventing scale; Adding scale preventatives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestering agents (softening using ion-exchange C02F0001420000);; C02F0005020000 Softening water by precipitation of the hardness C02F0005040000 using phosphates (C02F0005060000 takes precedence);; C02F0005060000 using calcium compounds C02F0005080000 Treatment of water with complexing chemicals or other solubilising agents for softening, scale prevention or scale removal, e.g. adding sequestering agents C02F0005100000 using organic substances C02F0005120000 containing nitrogen (C02F0005140000 takes precedence);; C02F0005140000 containing phosphorus C02F0007000000 Aeration of stretches of water C02F0009000000 Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage C02F0011000000 Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor C02F0011020000 Biological treatment C02F0011040000 Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes C02F0011060000 by oxidation (incinerators for burning waste liquors, e.g. sulphite liquor from paper-making plant, F23G0007040000);; C02F0011080000 Wet air oxidation C02F0011100000 by pyrolysis C02F0011120000 by de-watering, drying, or thickening C02F0011140000 with addition of chemical agents C02F0011160000 using drying or composting beds C02F0011180000 by thermal conditioning (by pyrolysis C02F0011100000);; C02F0011200000 by freezing C03 GLASS; MINERAL AND SLAG WOOL C03B MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, AND SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES C03B0001000000 Preparing the batches (chemical compositions C03C);; C03B0003000000 Charging the melting furnaces C03B0005000000 Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture C03B0005020000 in electric furnaces C03B0005027000 by passing an electric current between electrodes immersed in the glass bath, i.e. by direct resistance heating C03B0005033000 by using resistance heaters above or in the glass bath, i. e. by indirect resistance heating C03B0005040000 in tank furnaces C03B0005060000 in pot furnaces C03B0005080000 Glass-melting pots C03B0005100000 in combined tank furnaces and pots C03B0005120000 in shaft furnaces C03B0005140000 in revolving cylindrical furnaces C03B0005160000 Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces C03B0005180000 Stirring devices; Homogenisation C03B0005187000 with moving elements C03B0005193000 using gas, e.g. bubblers C03B0005200000 Bridges, shoes, throats, or other devices for withholding dirt, foam, or batch C03B0005225000 Refining (C03B0005180000 takes precedence);; C03B0005230000 Cooling the molten glass (C03B0005180000, C03B0005225000 take precedence);; C03B0005235000 Heating the glass (C03B0005020000, C03B0005180000, C03B0005225000 take precedence);; C03B0005240000 Automatically regulating the melting process C03B0005260000 Outlets; Overflows C03B0005280000 Siphons C03B0005420000 Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls C03B0005440000 Cooling arrangements for furnace walls C03B0007000000 Distributors for the molten glass; Means for taking-off charges of molten glass; Producing the gob C03B0007020000 Forehearths, i.e. feeder channels C03B0007040000 Revolving forehearths C03B0007060000 Means for thermal conditioning or controlling the temperature of the glass C03B0007080000 Feeder spouts, e.g. gob feeders C03B0007100000 Cutting-off the glass flow with the aid of knives or scissors; Construction of the blades used C03B0007120000 Cutting-off a free-hanging glass stream C03B0007140000 Transferring molten glass or gobs to glass blowing or pressing machines (C03B0007180000-C03B0007220000; take precedence);; C03B0007160000 using deflector chutes C03B0007180000 Suction feeders C03B0007200000 Scoop feeders C03B0007220000 Gathering-devices in the form of rods or pipes C03B0009000000 Blowing glass; Production of hollow glass articles C03B0009020000 with the mouth; Auxiliary means therefor C03B0009030000 Blow pipes C03B0009040000 Making hollow glass articles with feet or projections C03B0009060000 Making hollow glass articles with double walls, e.g. vacuum flasks C03B0009080000 Finish-blowing with compressed air of blanks blown with the mouth C03B0009100000 Blowing glass cylinders for sheet manufacture C03B0009120000 starting from a ribbon of glass; Ribbon machines C03B0009130000 in gob feeder machines (C03B0009280000, C03B0009290000 take precedence);; C03B0009140000 in "blow" machines or in "blow-and-blow" machines (C03B0009193000, C03B0009200000 take precedence);; C03B0009160000 in machines with turn-over moulds C03B0009180000 Rotary-table machines C03B0009190000 having only one rotary table C03B0009193000 in "press-and-blow" machines C03B0009195000 Rotary-table machines C03B0009197000 Construction of the blank mould C03B0009200000 in "vacuum blowing" or in "vacuum-and-blow" machines C03B0009220000 Rotary table machines C03B0009240000 Construction of the blank mould C03B0009280000 in machines of the endless-chain type (C03B0009120000 takes precedence);; C03B0009290000 Paste mould machines (C03B0009280000 takes precedence);; C03B0009300000 Details of blowing glass (for blowing with the mouth C03B0009020000);;Use of materials for the moulds C03B0009320000 Giving special shapes to parts of hollow glass articles C03B0009325000 Forming screw threads or lips at the mouth of hollow glass articles; Neck moulds C03B0009330000 Making hollow glass articles with feet or projections; Moulds therefor C03B0009335000 Forming bottoms to blown hollow glass articles; Bottom moulds C03B0009340000 Glass-blowing moulds not otherwise provided for C03B0009347000 Construction of the blank or blow mould C03B0009353000 Mould holders C03B0009360000 Blow heads; Supplying, ejecting, or controlling the air C03B0009380000 Means for cooling, heating, or insulating glass-blowing machines C03B0009400000 Gearing or controlling mechanisms specially adapted for glass-blowing machines C03B0009420000 Means for fusing, burning-off, or edge-melting combined with glass-blowing machines (uniting glass pieces by fusing C03B0023200000);; C03B0009440000 Means for discharging combined with glass-blowing machines, e.g. take-outs C03B0009460000 Means for cutting the hot glass in glass-blowing machines (burning-off C03B0009420000);; C03B0009480000 Use of materials for the moulds C03B0011000000 Pressing glass C03B0011020000 in machines with rotary tables C03B0011040000 in machines with moulds fed by suction C03B0011050000 in machines with reciprocating moulds C03B0011060000 Construction of plunger or mould C03B0011070000 Suction moulds C03B0011080000 for making solid articles, e.g. lenses C03B0011100000 for making hollow articles C03B0011120000 Cooling, heating, or insulating the plunger, the mould, or the glass-pressing machine (C03B0009380000 takes precedence);; C03B0011140000 with metal inserts C03B0011160000 Gearing or controlling mechanisms specially adapted for glass presses C03B0013000000 Rolling glass C03B0013020000 Rolling non-patterned sheets discontinuously C03B0013040000 Rolling non-patterned sheets continuously C03B0013060000 Rolling corrugated sheets C03B0013080000 Rolling patterned sheets C03B0013100000 Rolling multi-layer sheets C03B0013120000 Rolling glass with enclosures, e.g. wire or asbestos C03B0013140000 Rolling other articles C03B0013160000 Construction of the glass rollers C03B0013180000 Auxiliary means for rolling glass, e.g. sheet supports, gripping devices, hand-ladles, means for moving glass pots C03B0015000000 Drawing glass upwardly from the melt C03B0015020000 Drawing glass sheets C03B0015040000 from the free surface of the melt C03B0015060000 from a debiteuse C03B0015080000 by means of bars below the surface of the melt C03B0015100000 multi-layer glass sheets or glass sheets coated with coloured layers C03B0015120000 Construction of the annealing tower C03B0015140000 Drawing tubes, cylinders, or rods from the melt C03B0015160000 Drawing tubes, cylinders, or rods, coated with coloured layers C03B0015180000 Means for laying-down and conveying combined with the drawing of glass sheets, tubes, or rods C03B0017000000 Forming glass by flowing out, pushing-out, or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips C03B0017020000 Forming glass coated with coloured layers C03B0017040000 Forming tubes or rods by drawing from stationary or rotating tools or from forming nozzles C03B0017060000 Forming glass sheets C03B0018000000 Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid C03B0018020000 Forming sheets C03B0018040000 Changing or regulating the dimensions of the molten glass ribbon C03B0018060000 using mechanical means, e.g. restrictor bars, edge rollers C03B0018080000 using gas C03B0018100000 using electric means C03B0018120000 Making multilayer, coloured or armoured glass (chemical aspects C03C);; C03B0018140000 Changing the surface of the glass ribbon, e.g. roughening (by chemical methods C03C);; C03B0018160000 Construction of the float tank; Use of material for the float tank; Coating or protection of the tank wall C03B0018180000 Controlling or regulating the temperature of the float bath; Composition or purification of the float bath C03B0018200000 Composition of the atmosphere above the float bath; Treating or purifying the atmosphere above the float bath C03B0018220000 Controlling or regulating the temperature of the atmosphere above the float tank C03B0019000000 Other methods of shaping glass C03B0019020000 by casting C03B0019040000 by centrifuging C03B0019060000 by sintering (production of quartz or fused silica articles C03B0020000000);; C03B0019080000 by foaming C03B0019090000 by fusing powdered glass in a shaping mould C03B0019100000 Forming beads C03B0020000000 Processes specially adapted for the production of quartz or fused silica articles C03B0021000000 Severing glass sheets, tubes, or rods while still plastic C03B0021020000 by cutting (C03B0009460000 takes precedence);; C03B0021040000 by punching out C03B0021060000 by flashing-off, burning-off, or fusing (C03B0009420000 takes precedence);; C03B0023000000 Re-forming shaped glass (re-forming fibres or filaments C03B0037140000);; C03B0023020000 Re-forming glass sheets C03B0023023000 by bending C03B0023025000 by gravity C03B0023027000 with moulds having at least two upward pivotable mould sections C03B0023030000 by press-bending between shaping moulds C03B0023033000 in a continuous way, e.g. roll forming C03B0023035000 using a gas cushion or by changing gas pressure, e.g. by applying vacuum C03B0023037000 by drawing C03B0023040000 Re-forming tubes or rods C03B0023060000 by bending C03B0023070000 by blowing, e.g. for making electric bulbs C03B0023080000 to exact dimensions, e.g. calibrating C03B0023090000 Reshaping the ends, e.g. as grooves, threads or mouths C03B0023110000 Reshaping by drawing without blowing, in combination with separating, e.g. for making ampoules C03B0023130000 Reshaping combined with uniting or heat sealing, e.g. making vacuum bottles C03B0023180000 Re-forming and sealing ampoules C03B0023200000 Uniting glass pieces by fusing without substantial reshaping C03B0023203000 Uniting glass sheets (C03B0023240000 takes precedence);; C03B0023207000 Uniting glass rods, glass tubes, or hollow glassware (C03B0023240000 takes precedence);; C03B0023213000 Joining projections or feet C03B0023217000 for the production of cathode ray tubes or similarly shaped tubes C03B0023220000 Uniting glass lenses, e.g. forming bifocal lenses C03B0023240000 Making hollow glass sheets or bricks C03B0023260000 Punching reheated glass C03B0025000000 Annealing glass products C03B0025020000 in a discontinuous way C03B0025040000 in a continuous way C03B0025060000 with horizontal displacement of the glass products C03B0025080000 of glass sheets C03B0025100000 with vertical displacement of the glass products C03B0025120000 of glass sheets C03B0027000000 Tempering glass products C03B0027020000 using liquid, e.g. molten metal or salt C03B0027040000 using gas C03B0027060000 for glass products other than flat or bent glass plates, e.g. hollow glassware, lenses C03B0029000000 Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins C03B0029020000 in a discontinuous way C03B0029040000 in a continuous way C03B0031000000 Manufacture of rippled or crackled glass C03B0032000000 Thermal after-treatment of glass products not provided for in groups ; C03B0025000000-C03B0031000000, e.g. crystallisation, eliminating gas inclusions or other impurities C03B0033000000 Severing cooled glass (severing glass fibers C03B0037160000);; C03B0033020000 Cutting or splitting sheet glass; Apparatus or machines therefor (C03B0033090000 takes precedence;glass-cutting tools C03B0033100000) C03B0033040000 Cutting or splitting in curves, especially for making spectacle lenses C03B0033060000 Cutting or splitting glass tubes, rods, or hollow products (C03B0033090000 takes precedence);; C03B0033070000 Cutting armoured or laminated glass products C03B0033080000 by fusing C03B0033090000 by thermal shock C03B0033100000 Glass-cutting tools C03B0033120000 Hand tools C03B0035000000 Transporting of glass products during their manufacture (conveying systems for glass sheets B65G0049060000);; C03B0035040000 Transporting of hot hollow glass products (C03B0035260000 takes precedence);; C03B0035060000 Feeding of hot hollow glass products into annealing or heating kilns C03B0035080000 using rotary means directly acting on the products C03B0035100000 using reciprocating means directly acting on the products, e.g. pushers, stackers C03B0035120000 by picking-up and depositing C03B0035140000 Transporting hot glass sheets C03B0035160000 by roller conveyers C03B0035180000 Construction of the conveyer rollers C03B0035200000 by gripping tongs or supporting frames C03B0035220000 on a fluid support bed, e.g. on molten metal C03B0035240000 on a gas support bed C03B0035260000 Transporting of glass tubes or rods C03B0037000000 Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags C03B0037010000 Manufacture of glass fibres or filaments C03B0037020000 by drawing or extruding (C03B0037040000 takes precedence);; C03B0037025000 of tubes, rods, fibres or filaments C03B0037030000 Drawing means, e.g. drawing drums C03B0037035000 having means for deflecting or stripping-off fibres C03B0037040000 by using centrifugal force C03B0037050000 by projecting on a rotating body having no radial orifices C03B0037060000 by blasting or blowing molten glass, e.g. for making staple fibres C03B0037065000 starting from tubes, rods, fibres, or filaments C03B0037070000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C03B0037075000 Fibres or filaments characterised by their shape or composition, e.g. hollow fibres, ondulated fibres, fibres of different sorts of glass (light guides per se G02B0005140000);; C03B0037080000 Bushings; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates (nozzles in general B05B);; C03B0037085000 Feeding devices therefor C03B0037090000 electrically heated C03B0037095000 Use of materials therefor C03B0037100000 Non-chemical treatment (C03C0025000000 takes precedence;yarns or threads D02; woven fabrics D03; non-woven fabrics D04) C03B0037120000 of fibres or filaments during winding up C03B0037140000 Re-forming fibres or filaments (C03B0037025000 takes precedence);; C03B0037160000 Cutting or severing C03B0040000000 Preventing adhesion between glass and glass or between glass and the means used to shape it C03B0040020000 by lubrication; Use of materials as release or lubricating compositions C03B0040040000 using gas C03C CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES, OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS C03C0001000000 Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, and vitreous enamels C03C0001020000 Pretreated ingredients C03C0001040000 Opacifiers, e.g. fluorides or phosphates; Pigments C03C0001060000 to produce non-uniformly pigmented, e.g. speckled, marbled, or veined products C03C0001080000 to produce crackled effects C03C0001100000 to produce uniformly-coloured transparent products C03C0003000000 Compositions specially applicable to manufacture of glass C03C0003020000 containing materials to produce uncoloured glass C03C0003040000 with silica as the essential glass-former C03C0003060000 with more than 90% silica, e.g. quartz C03C0003080000 with silica and boron oxide as the essential glass-formers C03C0003100000 modified with lead monoxide, barium monoxide, or strontium monoxide C03C0003120000 with glass-formers other than silica C03C0003140000 with boron oxide as the essential glass-former C03C0003160000 with oxides of phosphorus as the essential glass-formers C03C0003180000 with fluorides as the essential glass-formers C03C0003200000 for producing colours developed by special heat-treatment, e.g. gold-ruby C03C0003220000 for crystallised glass, i.e. glass ceramics C03C0003240000 for glass absorbing selectively outside the visual spectrum C03C0003260000 for photo-sensitive glass C03C0003280000 for luminescent glass C03C0003300000 for glass with other special properties C03C0005000000 Compositions applicable to manufacture of vitreous enamels or glazes C03C0005020000 for opaque enamels or glazes C03C0005040000 using substances which generate gas to opacify the glass, e.g. methylene blue C03C0005060000 containing ingredients for altering the consistency of the slurry C03C0007000000 Compositions specially applicable to manufacture of vitreous enamels C03C0007020000 containing ingredients for securing a good bond between the vitrified enamel and the metal C03C0007040000 for steel (C03C0007020000 takes precedence);; C03C0007060000 for cast iron (C03C0007020000 takes precedence);; C03C0007080000 for light metals C03C0007100000 for copper, silver, or gold C03C0009000000 Compositions specially applicable to manufacture of vitreous glazes C03C0009020000 Engobes C03C0009040000 to produce non-uniformly coloured glazes C03C0011000000 Multi-cellular glass C03C0012000000 Powdered glass C03C0013000000 Chemical composition of glass fibres or slag wool (manufacture C03B0037000000);; C03C0014000000 Compositions containing fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like, dispersed in a glass matrix C03C0015000000 Surface treatment of glass by etching (etching fibres C03C0025060000;etching or surface-brightening compositions C09K0013000000) C03C0015020000 for making a smooth surface C03C0017000000 Surface treatment of glass, e.g. of devitrified glass, other than fibres, by coating C03C0017020000 with glass (C03C0017340000, C03C0017440000 take precedence);; C03C0017040000 by fritting glass powder C03C0017060000 with metals (C03C0017340000, C03C0017440000 take precedence);; C03C0017090000 by deposition from the vapour phase C03C0017100000 by deposition from the liquid phase C03C0017220000 with other inorganic material (C03C0017340000, C03C0017440000 take precedence);; C03C0017230000 Oxides (C03C0017020000 takes precedence);; C03C0017245000 by deposition from the vapour phase C03C0017250000 by deposition from the liquid phase C03C0017270000 by oxidation of a coating previously applied C03C0017280000 with organic material (C03C0017340000, C03C0017440000 take precedence);; C03C0017300000 with silicon-containing compounds C03C0017320000 with synthetic or natural resins (C03C0017300000 takes precedence);; C03C0017340000 with at least two coatings having different compositions (C03C0017440000 takes precedence);; C03C0017360000 at least one coating being a metal C03C0017380000 at least one coating being a coating of an organic material C03C0017400000 all coatings being metal coatings C03C0017420000 at least one coating of an organic material and at least one non-metal coating C03C0017440000 Lustring C03C0019000000 Surface treatment of glass by mechanical means (sand blasting, grinding, or polishing glass B24);; C03C0021000000 Treatment of glass by diffusing ions or metals in the surface C03C0023000000 Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres C03C0025000000 Surface treatment of fibres or filaments from glass, minerals, or slags C03C0025020000 Coating C03C0025040000 Metallising C03C0025060000 Etching C03C0027000000 Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing (C03C0017000000 takes precedence;wired glass C03B; joining glass to ceramics C04) C03C0027020000 by fusing glass directly to metal C03C0027040000 joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer C03C0027060000 joining glass to glass by methods other than fusing (fusing C03B0023200000);; C03C0027080000 with the aid of intervening metal C03C0027100000 with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose C03C0027120000 Laminated glass (mechanical features in manufacture of glass laminates part of which is of plastic material B32B);; C03C0029000000 Joining metals with the aid of glass C04 CEMENTS; CERAMICS, etc.; SOUND OR THERMAL INSULATING MATERIALS C04B LIME; CEMENTS; CERAMICS (glass ceramics C03C0003220000);;STONE OR THE LIKE; SOUND OR THERMAL INSULATING MATERIALS C04B0001000000 Lime (hydraulic lime cements C04B0007340000);; C04B0001020000 Burning C04B0001040000 from gypsum C04B0001060000 Slaking C04B0001080000 Devices therefor C04B0003000000 Calcining magnesite or dolomite C04B0005000000 Treatment of slag (manufacture of slag wool C03B;in or for production of metals C21B, C22B) C04B0005020000 Granulating (apparatus B01J0002000000);;Dehydrating; Drying C04B0005040000 Manufacture of porous slag C04B0007000000 Hydraulic cements (calcium sulphate cements C04B0011000000);; C04B0007020000 Portland cement C04B0007040000 using raw materials containing gypsum C04B0007060000 using alkaline raw materials C04B0007080000 white C04B0007100000 coloured C04B0007120000 Pozzuolana cements; Mixtures thereof with hydraulic additives, e.g. Portland cement (cements containing slag C04B0007140000);; C04B0007140000 Cements, containing slag C04B0007160000 containing blast-furnace slag, e.g. cements ready-made in the blast furnace C04B0007180000 Blast-furnace cement; Iron Portland cement C04B0007200000 Slags mixed with lime C04B0007220000 Iron ore cements C04B0007240000 Cements from mineral residues or waste (C04B0007140000 takes precedence);; C04B0007260000 from raw materials containing flue dust C04B0007280000 from combustion residues C04B0007300000 from oil shale residues C04B0007320000 Aluminous cements C04B0007340000 Hydraulic lime cements; Roman cements C04B0007350000 Compounding ingredients (C04B0031000000 takes precedence);; C04B0007351000 Proteins or derivatives thereof C04B0007352000 Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof C04B0007353000 Cellulose or derivatives thereof C04B0007354000 Natural resins or derivatives thereof C04B0007355000 Fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or salts thereof C04B0007356000 Wax, bituminous or tarry materials C04B0007360000 Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general C04B0007380000 Preparing the batches C04B0007400000 Dehydrating; Forming, e.g. granulating (apparatus for granulating B01J0002000000);; C04B0007420000 Additives for influencing the burning process C04B0007440000 Burning; Melting C04B0007460000 electric C04B0007480000 Clinker treatment C04B0007500000 Cooling; Hydrating C04B0007520000 Grinding C04B0007540000 Addition of substances, e.g. during grinding (compounding ingredients C04B0007350000);; C04B0009000000 Magnesium cements, e.g. Sorel cement; Cements setting in a similar manner C04B0009020000 Magnesium cements containing chlorides, e.g. Sorel cement C04B0009040000 Magnesium cements containing sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, or fluorides C04B0009060000 Cements containing metals other than magnesium, e.g. zinc, lead C04B0009090000 Compounding ingredients (C04B0031000000 takes precedence);; C04B0009100000 Inorganic materials C04B0009120000 Hydraulic cements, e.g. Portland cement C04B0009140000 Organic materials C04B0009160000 Binding agents C04B0009180000 Dry mixtures ready for use C04B0009200000 Manufacture, e.g. preparing the batches (calcining magnesite or dolomite C04B0003000000);; C04B0011000000 Calcium sulphate cements C04B0011020000 Dehydrating gypsum C04B0011040000 Regeneration of set plaster of Paris C04B0011060000 starting from anhydrite C04B0011090000 Compounding ingredients (C04B0031000000 takes precedence);; C04B0011100000 Inorganic materials C04B0011120000 Hydraulic cements, e.g. Portland cement C04B0011140000 Organic materials C04B0011180000 Proteins or derivatives thereof C04B0011200000 with other organic materials C04B0011220000 Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof C04B0011240000 Cellulose or derivatives thereof C04B0013000000 Mortars based on hydraulic cements (special fillers for mortars C04B0031000000;refractory mortars C04B0035660000) C04B0013020000 Portland cement mortar C04B0013040000 for producing concrete by spraying C04B0013060000 Lime or magnesium oxide mortar C04B0013080000 Mortar specially adapted for coating purposes C04B0013100000 made from siliceous raw materials, e.g. trass mixed with quick-lime C04B0013120000 Sand-lime mortar C04B0013140000 Gypsum mortar C04B0013200000 with special additives, e.g. salts C04B0013210000 Compounding ingredients (C04B0031000000 takes precedence);; C04B0013220000 Inorganic materials C04B0013240000 Organic materials C04B0013260000 containing nitrogen (C04B0013280000 takes precedence);; C04B0013280000 containing sulphur C04B0013300000 Bitumen, tar, or the like C04B0015000000 Artificial stone, e.g. concrete, based on hydraulic cements C04B0015020000 Light artificial stone, e.g. light concrete (C04B0021000000 takes precedence);; C04B0015040000 Ray-absorbing C04B0015060000 Sand-lime C04B0015080000 containing clay C04B0015100000 containing bitumen C04B0015120000 Hardening processes C04B0015140000 using carbon dioxide C04B0015160000 from asbestos-cement C04B0017000000 Mortars based on magnesium or similarly setting cements; Products therefrom (fillers for mortars C04B0031000000);; C04B0017010000 Compounding ingredients (C04B0031000000 takes precedence);; C04B0017030000 Inorganic materials C04B0017050000 Organic materials C04B0017060000 Manufacture of articles, e.g. floorings, artificial stone C04B0017080000 After-treatment thereof C04B0019000000 Mortars based on other cements; Products therefrom, e.g. artificial slate (fillers for mortars C04B0031000000);; C04B0019020000 Mortar specially adapted for coating purposes C04B0019040000 based on water-glass (C04B0019020000 takes precedence);; C04B0019060000 based on sulphur, sulphides, or selenium (C04B0019020000 takes precedence);; C04B0021000000 Porous artificial stone; Porous ceramic ware C04B0021020000 by adding blowing agents C04B0021040000 by dissolving-out added particles C04B0021060000 by burning-out added particles C04B0021080000 by adding porous substances C04B0021100000 by mechanical means C04B0021120000 by using mixed fillers of different diameters C04B0023000000 Artificial stone made from slag C04B0023020000 by casting molten slag C04B0023040000 Compounding ingredients (C04B0031000000 takes precedence);; C04B0023080000 Organic materials C04B0025000000 Artificial stone formed from inorganic material, other than slag, bound with small quantities of organic binding agents C04B0025020000 Synthetic or natural resins C04B0025040000 Polymerisation products C04B0025060000 Polycondensation products C04B0025080000 Cellulose derivatives C04B0025100000 Cellulose waste liquor C04B0027000000 Artificial stone containing pigments or colouring substances C04B0027020000 Artificial marble C04B0027040000 Veneers C04B0027060000 Mosaic C04B0029000000 Other kinds of artificial stone C04B0029020000 from inorganic fillers with inorganic acids or salts C04B0029040000 with reinforcements C04B0031000000 Compounding ingredients used as fillers for mortars, concrete, artificial stone, cements or abrasive bodies C04B0031020000 inorganic C04B0031040000 Fibres C04B0031060000 Glass; Slag wool C04B0031080000 Asbestos C04B0031100000 Combustion residues, e.g. clinker; Slag C04B0031120000 Slate residue C04B0031140000 Carbonates C04B0031160000 Abrasive fillers, e.g. carbides, nitrides, borides, diamond C04B0031180000 Metal filings C04B0031200000 Clay C04B0031220000 Pumice C04B0031240000 Diatomite C04B0031260000 Mica; Vermiculite C04B0031280000 Pigments, e.g. dyed sand C04B0031300000 organic C04B0031320000 Paper pulp C04B0031340000 Other fibres C04B0031360000 Cellulosic fibres, e.g. peat, reed C04B0031380000 Pigments C04B0031400000 Specially-treated fillers C04B0031420000 impregnated C04B0031440000 coated C04B0033000000 Clay-wares (porous products C04B0021000000;refractory mortars or tamping materials C04B0035660000) C04B0033020000 Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches C04B0033040000 clay; kaolin C04B0033060000 Rendering lime harmless C04B0033080000 Preventing efflorescence C04B0033100000 Eliminating iron or lime C04B0033130000 Compounding ingredients (C04B0033360000, C;04;B;35/70 take precedence);; C04B0033140000 Colouring matters C04B0033160000 Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz C04B0033180000 for liquefying the batches C04B0033200000 for dry-pressing (C04B0033130000 takes precedence);; C04B0033220000 Grog products C04B0033240000 Manufacture of porcelain or white ware C04B0033260000 of porcelain for electrical insulation C04B0033280000 Slip casting (mechanical features B28B0001260000);; C04B0033300000 Drying methods C04B0033320000 Burning methods C04B0033340000 combined with glazing C04B0033360000 Reinforced clay-wares C04B0035000000 Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition (articles characterised by particular shape, see the relevant classes;porous products C04B0021000000); Ceramic compositions C04B0035020000 Basic refractory products C04B0035040000 based on magnesia C04B0035060000 based on dolomite C04B0035080000 based on beryllium oxide C04B0035100000 based on alumina C04B0035120000 based on chromium oxide C04B0035140000 based on silica C04B0035160000 based on silicates other than clay C04B0035180000 rich in alumina C04B0035200000 rich in magnesia C04B0035220000 rich in calcium oxide C04B0035260000 based on ferrites C04B0035280000 with nickel oxide as the principal oxide C04B0035300000 with zinc oxide C04B0035320000 with cobalt oxide as the principal oxide C04B0035340000 with zinc oxide C04B0035360000 with manganese oxide as the principal oxide C04B0035380000 with zinc oxide C04B0035400000 with rare earth oxide C04B0035420000 based on chromites C04B0035440000 based on aluminates C04B0035460000 based on titanium oxides or titanates (containing also zirconium oxide or zirconates C04B0035490000);; C04B0035480000 based on zirconium oxide or zirconates C04B0035490000 containing also titanium oxides or titanates C04B0035500000 based on rare earth compounds C04B0035510000 based on compounds of actinides C04B0035520000 based on carbon or carbides C04B0035540000 based on graphite C04B0035560000 based on carbides (containing free metal C22C0029000000);; C04B0035580000 based on borides, nitrides or silicides (containing free metal C22C0029000000);; C04B0035600000 by processes involving a melting step C04B0035620000 refractories C04B0035640000 Burning or sintering processes (chemical part) (C04B0033320000 takes precedence;powder metallurgy B22F) C04B0035650000 Reaction sintering of free metal or free Si containing compositions C04B0035660000 Refractory mortars or materials for tamping, including those whether or not containing clay C04B0035680000 Refractory or ray-absorbing linings C04B0035710000 Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents (containing free metal other than as macroscopic reinforcing agents C22C);; C04B0035740000 containing shaped metallic materials C04B0035760000 Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like C04B0035780000 containing non-metallic materials (for mortar, concrete, artificial stone, cements or abrasive bodies C04B0031000000);; C04B0035800000 Fibres, filaments, whiskers, platelets, or the like C04B0035820000 Asbestos; Glass; Fused silica C04B0035840000 Impregnated or coated materials C04B0037000000 Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating (laminated products C04B0039000000);; C04B0037020000 with metallic articles C04B0037040000 with articles made from glass C04B0039000000 Laminated products C04B0039020000 with stone layers C04B0039040000 bound together with organic agents C04B0039060000 with bituminous material C04B0039080000 bound together with inorganic agents C04B0039120000 Laminated refractory products C04B0041000000 After-treatment of artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone (grinding, polishing B24;after-treatment of single crystals C30B0033000000) C04B0041020000 of burned products C04B0041040000 Impregnating (C04B0041220000 takes precedence);; C04B0041060000 Coating C04B0041100000 Cold glazing; Cold glazes (other glazes C03C);; C04B0041120000 Multiple glazing C04B0041140000 Metallising C04B0041160000 Stencilling (printing B41M0001340000);; C04B0041180000 Reliefs (C04B0041420000 takes precedence);; C04B0041200000 of unburned products C04B0041220000 Impregnating C04B0041240000 with inorganic material C04B0041260000 fluorine compounds C04B0041280000 with organic material C04B0041300000 Hardening C04B0041320000 Coating (C04B0041060000 takes precedence);; C04B0041340000 Cold glazing C04B0041360000 Cold glazes (other glazes C03C);; C04B0041380000 Metallising C04B0041400000 Surface inlaying C04B0041420000 Reliefs C04B0041440000 Scraping to make grain visible C04B0043000000 Sound or thermal insulating material not covered elsewhere C04B0043020000 based on inorganic fibres C04B0043040000 on asbestos C04B0043060000 based on diatomite C04B0043080000 based on pumice C04B0043100000 based on mica C04B0043120000 based on organic fibrous materials C04B0043140000 on peat C04B0043160000 on wood wool C04B0043180000 on bast fibres, e.g. straw, reeds C05 FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF (soil-conditioning compositions or soil-stabilising compositions, e.g. mulches, C09K0017000000);; C05B PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS C05B0001000000 Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulphuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly C05B0001020000 Superphosphates C05B0001040000 Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate C05B0001060000 Ammoniation of superphosphates (fertilisers based essentially on ammonium orthophosphate C05B0007000000);; C05B0001100000 Apparatus for the manufacture of superphosphates C05B0003000000 Fertilisers based essentially on di-calcium phosphate (C05B0011000000 takes precedence);; C05B0005000000 Thomas phosphate; Other slag phosphates C05B0007000000 Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates (C05B0011000000 takes precendence);; C05B0009000000 Fertilisers based essentially on phosphates or double phosphates of magnesium (C05B0011000000 takes precedence);; C05B0011000000 Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes C05B0011020000 Pretreatment C05B0011040000 using mineral acid C05B0011060000 using nitric acid (nitrophosphates) C05B0011080000 using sulphuric acid C05B0011100000 using orthophosphoric acid C05B0011120000 using aqueous hydrochloric acid C05B0011140000 using wet gaseous acids C05B0011160000 using alkaline lyes C05B0013000000 Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials C05B0013020000 from rock phosphates (C05B0013060000 takes precedence);; C05B0013040000 from metallic phosphorus compounds, e.g. ferro-phosphorus C05B0013060000 Alkali and alkaline earth meta- or polyphosphate fertilisers C05B0015000000 Organic phosphatic fertilisers (bone meal C05B0017000000);; C05B0017000000 Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal C05B0017020000 containing manganese C05B0019000000 Granulation or pelletisation of phosphatic fertilisers other than slag (granulating apparatus B01J0002000000;granulating slag C04B) C05B0019020000 of superphosphates or mixtures containing them C05B0021000000 Mixtures of phosphatic fertilisers C05C NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS C05C0001000000 Ammonium nitrate fertilisers C05C0001020000 Granulation (apparatus B01J0002000000);;Pelletisation; Stabilisation; Colouring C05C0003000000 Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor C05C0005000000 Fertilisers containing other nitrates C05C0005020000 containing sodium or potassium nitrate C05C0005040000 containing calcium nitrate C05C0007000000 Fertilisers containing calcium or other cyanamides C05C0007020000 Granulation (apparatus B01J0002000000);;Pelletisation; De-gassing; Hydrating; Hardening; Stabilisation; Oiling C05C0009000000 Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds C05C0009020000 containing urea-formaldehyde condensates C05C0011000000 Other nitrogenous fertilisers C05C0013000000 Mixtures of nitrogenous fertilisers C05D INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUB-CLASSES ; C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE C05D0001000000 Fertilisers containing potassium (C05D0007000000 takes precedence);; C05D0001020000 Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulphate or double or mixed salts thereof C05D0001040000 from minerals or volcanic rocks C05D0003000000 Calcareous fertilisers (C05D0007000000 takes precedence);; C05D0003020000 from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium compounds C05D0003040000 from blast-furnace slag or other slags containing lime or calcium silicates C05D0005000000 Fertilisers containing magnesium (C05D0007000000 takes precedence);; C05D0007000000 Fertilisers producing carbon dioxide C05D0009000000 Other inorganic fertilisers C05D0009020000 containing trace elements C05D0011000000 Mixtures of fertilisers, each belonging to this sub-class C05F ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUB-CLASSES ; C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE C05F0001000000 Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof C05F0001020000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0003000000 Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure C05F0003020000 Guano C05F0003040000 from human faecal masses C05F0003060000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0005000000 Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant, or similar wastes or residues C05F0007000000 Fertilizers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses (methods or installations for de-watering, drying, or incineration of sludge C02F0011000000);; C05F0007020000 from sulphite liquor or other waste lyes from the manufacture of cellulose C05F0007040000 from waste liquors in the potash industry C05F0009000000 Fertilisers from household or town refuse C05F0009020000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0009040000 Biological compost C05F0011000000 Other organic fertilisers C05F0011020000 from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits C05F0011040000 Horticultural earth ("Gärtnerische Erden") from peat C05F0011060000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0011080000 Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like C05F0011100000 Fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones C05F0013000000 Mixtures of fertilisers, each belonging to this sub-class C05G MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS BELONGING INDIVIDUALLY TO DIFFERENT SUB-CLASS OF CLASS ; C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFICALLY FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS (organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia, or the like C05F0011080000;organic fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones C05F0011100000) C05G0001000000 Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different sub-classes of class ; C05 C05G0001020000 of superphosphates with ammonium nitrate C05G0001040000 of Thomas phosphate with potassium compounds C05G0001060000 of alkali or ammonium orthophosphates with ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulphate or other nitrates or potassium compounds C05G0001080000 of ammonium nitrate with limestone or calcium carbonate C05G0001100000 of ammonium sulphate with potassium compounds C05G0003000000 Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with materials not having a specifically fertilising activity C05G0003020000 with pesticides C05G0003040000 with soil conditioners C05G0003060000 with wetting agents C05G0003080000 with agents affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil C06 EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES C06B EXPLOSIVE OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS (blasting F42D);;MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES (compounds per se C01, C07 or C08);; C06B0021000000 Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying C06B0023000000 Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents C06B0023020000 for neutralising poisonous gases from explosives produced during blasting C06B0023040000 for cooling the explosion gases C06B0025000000 Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound C06B0025020000 the nitrated compound being starch or sugar C06B0025040000 the nitrated compound being an aromatic C06B0025060000 with two or more nitrated aromatic compounds present C06B0025080000 at least one of which is nitrated toluene C06B0025100000 the compound being nitroglycerine C06B0025120000 with other nitrated organic compound C06B0025140000 the other compound being a nitrated aliphatic diol C06B0025160000 the other compound being a nitrated aromatic C06B0025180000 the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition C06B0025200000 with a non-explosive or a non-thermic component C06B0025220000 with a nitrated aromatic compound C06B0025240000 with nitroglycerine C06B0025260000 with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component C06B0025280000 the compound being nitrocellulose present as less than 10% by weight of the total composition C06B0025300000 with nitroglycerine C06B0025320000 the compound being nitrated pentaerythritol C06B0025340000 the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine C06B0025360000 the compound being a nitroparaffin C06B0025380000 with other nitrated organic compound C06B0025400000 with two or more nitroparaffins present C06B0027000000 Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons C06B0029000000 Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate C06B0029020000 of an alkali metal C06B0029040000 with an inorganic non-explosive or an inorganic non-thermic component C06B0029060000 the component being a cyanide; the component being an oxide of iron, chromium or manganese C06B0029080000 with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component C06B0029100000 the component being a dye or a colouring agent C06B0029120000 with carbon or sulphur C06B0029140000 with iodine or an iodide C06B0029160000 with a nitrated organic compound C06B0029180000 the compound being nitrated toluene or a nitrated phenol C06B0029200000 the compound being nitrocellulose C06B0029220000 the salt being ammonium perchlorate C06B0031000000 Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt C06B0031020000 the salt being an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal nitrate C06B0031040000 with carbon or sulphur C06B0031060000 with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component C06B0031080000 with a metal oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. inorganic chlorate, inorganic perchlorate C06B0031100000 with carbon or sulphur C06B0031120000 with a nitrated organic compound C06B0031140000 the compound being an aromatic C06B0031160000 the compound being a nitrated toluene C06B0031180000 the compound being a nitrated phenol, e.g. picric acid C06B0031200000 the compound being nitroglycerine C06B0031220000 the compound being nitrocellulose C06B0031240000 with other explosive or thermic component C06B0031260000 the other component being nitroglycerine C06B0031280000 the salt being ammonium nitrate C06B0031300000 with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber C06B0031320000 with a nitrated organic compound C06B0031340000 the nitrated compound being starch or sugar C06B0031360000 with other explosive or thermic component C06B0031380000 the nitrated compound being an aromatic C06B0031400000 with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component C06B0031420000 with other explosive or thermic component C06B0031440000 the compound being nitroglycerine C06B0031460000 with a vegetable matter component, e.g. wood pulp, sawdust C06B0031480000 with other explosive or thermic component C06B0031500000 the other component being a nitrated organic compound C06B0031520000 the compound being nitrocellulose present as 10% or more by weight of the total composition C06B0031540000 with other nitrated organic compound C06B0031560000 the compound being nitrocellulose present as less than 10 % by weight of the total composition C06B0033000000 Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide C06B0033020000 with an organic non-explosive or an organic non-thermic component C06B0033040000 the material being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt C06B0033060000 the material being an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt C06B0033080000 with a nitrated organic compound C06B0033100000 the compound being an aromatic C06B0033120000 the material being two or more oxygen-yielding compounds C06B0033140000 at least one being an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt C06B0035000000 Compositions containing a metal azide C06B0037000000 Compositions containing a metal fulminate C06B0037020000 with a nitrated organic compound or an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt C06B0039000000 Compositions containing free phosphorus or a binary compound of phosphorus, except with oxygen C06B0039020000 with an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt C06B0039040000 with a binary compound of phosphorus, except with oxygen C06B0039060000 with free metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium C06B0041000000 Compositions containing a nitrated metallo-organic compound C06B0041020000 the compound containing lead C06B0041040000 with an organic explosive or an organic thermic component C06B0041060000 with an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component C06B0041080000 with a metal azide or a metal fulminate C06B0041100000 with other nitrated metallo-organic compound C06B0043000000 Compositions characterised by explosive or thermic constituents not provided for in groups ; C06B0025000000-C06B0041000000 C06B0045000000 Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component or product (explosive charges of particular form or shape F42B0001000000, F42B0003000000);; C06B0045020000 comprising particles of diverse size or shape C06B0045040000 comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix C06B0045060000 the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component C06B0045080000 the dispersed solid containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component C06B0045100000 the organic component containing a resin C06B0045120000 having contiguous layers or zones C06B0045140000 a layer or zone containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component C06B0045160000 the layer or zone containing at least one inorganic component from the group of azide, fulminate, phosphorus and phosphide C06B0045180000 comprising a coated component (particles dispersed in a matrix C06B0045040000;coated explosive charges F42B) C06B0045200000 the component base containing an organic explosive or an organic thermic component C06B0045220000 the coating containing an organic compound C06B0045240000 the compound being an organic explosive or an organic thermic component C06B0045260000 the compound being a nitrated toluene C06B0045280000 the component base containing nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine C06B0045300000 the component base containing an inorganic explosive or an inorganic thermic component C06B0045320000 the coating containing an organic compound C06B0045340000 the compound being an organic explosive or an organic thermic component C06B0045360000 the component base containing both an organic explosive or thermic component and an inorganic explosive or thermic component C06B0047000000 Compositions in which the components are separately stored until the moment of burning or explosion, e.g. "Sprengel"-type explosives; Suspensions of solid component in a normally non-explosive liquid phase, including a thickened aqueous phase C06B0047020000 the components comprising a binary propellant C06B0047040000 a component containing a nitrogen oxide or acid thereof C06B0047060000 a component being a liquefied normally gaseous material supplying oxygen (C06B0047040000 takes precedence);; C06B0047080000 a component containing hydrazine or a hydrazine derivative C06B0047100000 a component containing free boron, an organic borane or a binary compound of boron, except with oxygen C06B0047120000 a component being a liquefied normally gaseous fuel C06B0047140000 comprising a solid component and an aqueous phase C06B0049000000 Use of single substances as explosives C06C DETONATING OR PRIMING DEVICES; FUZES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS C06C0005000000 Fuzes (clockwork or electric fuzes F42C);; C06C0005040000 Detonating fuzes C06C0005060000 Fuze igniting means; Fuze connectors C06C0005080000 Devices for the manufacture of fuzes C06C0007000000 Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers C06C0007020000 Manufacture; Packing C06C0009000000 Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters C06C0015000000 Pyrophoric compositions; Flints (chemical lighters C06C0009000000;alloys per se C22C) C06D MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART) (fuels C10);; C06D0003000000 Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part) (compositions used as biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators A01N, e.g. A01N0025180000);; C06D0005000000 Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets (explosive compositions containing an oxidizer, fuels for rocket engines intended for reaction with an oxidant other than air C06B);; C06D0005020000 by decompressing compressed, liquefied, or solidified gases C06D0005040000 by auto-decomposition of single substances C06D0005060000 by reaction of two or more solids C06D0005080000 by reaction of two or more liquids C06D0005100000 by reaction of solids with liquids C06D0007000000 Compositions for gas-attacks C06F MATCHES; MANUFACTURE OF MATCHES C06F0001000000 Mechanical manufacture of matches C06F0001020000 Cutting match splints (independently of other operations B27L0009000000);; C06F0001040000 Filling match splints into carrier bars; Discharging matches C06F0001060000 Dipping, coating, impregnating, or drying of matches (dipping or coating in general B05C, B05D;impregnating in general B27K; drying in general F26B) C06F0001080000 Carrier bars C06F0001100000 Guiding means for carrier bars C06F0001120000 Filling matches into boxes (packaging in general B65B);; C06F0001140000 Manufacture of ignition strips C06F0001160000 Manufacture of matches connected together, e.g. in bands or blocks C06F0001180000 Printing on matches or match-boxes when combined with match manufacture C06F0001200000 Applying strike-surfaces, e.g. on match-boxes, on match-books C06F0001220000 Assembling matches C06F0001240000 Safety devices against fire C06F0001260000 Machines for complete match manufacture C06F0003000000 Chemical features in the manufacture of matches (ignition compositions C06B);; C06F0003020000 Wooden strip for matches or substitute therefor C06F0003040000 Chemical treatment before or after dipping, e.g. dyeing, impregnating C06F0003080000 Strike-surface compositions C06F0005000000 Matches (match-books A24F0027120000);; C06F0005020000 Permanent matches C06F0005040000 Wax matches C07 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (such compounds as the oxides, sulphides, and oxysulphides of carbon, cyanogen, phosgene, hydrocyanic acid and salts thereof C01;macromolecular compounds C08; dyes C09; fermentation products C12; fermentation or enzyme-using processes to synthesise a desired chemical compound C12P; production of organic compounds by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25B0003000000) C07B GENERAL METHODS AND APPARATUS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY C07B0001000000 Hydrogenation C07B0003000000 Oxidation; Dehydrogenation C07B0005000000 Dehydration, i.e. removal of the elements of water from organic substances C07B0005020000 from at least two molecules C07B0007000000 Hydrolysis C07B0009000000 Halogenation C07B0011000000 Nitration C07B0013000000 Sulphonation C07B0013020000 by reacting with sulphonating agents C07B0013040000 by oxidising sulphides, thiocyanates, or other compounds containing sulphur C07B0013060000 Sulphonating apparatus C07B0015000000 Diels-Alder reactions C07B0017000000 Grignard reactions C07B0019000000 Separation of one or both optically-active isomers from a racemic mixture C07B0019020000 by microbiological processes C07B0020000000 Racemisation of optically-active compounds C07B0021000000 Separation of organic compounds by forming complex molecular compounds, e.g. with urea C07B0023000000 Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds C07B0025000000 Decarboxylation C07B0027000000 Introduction of a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical by forming a new carbon-to-carbon bond, e.g. alkylation C07B0029000000 Other general methods (preparation of carboxylic acid esters by telomerisation C07C0067470000;telomerisation C08F) C07B0029040000 Generation of organic free radicals C07C ACYCLIC AND CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS C07C0001000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon C07C0001020000 from oxides of carbon C07C0001040000 from carbon monoxide with hydrogen C07C0001060000 in the presence of organic compounds, e.g. hydrocarbons C07C0001080000 Isosyntheses C07C0001100000 from carbon monoxide with water vapour C07C0001120000 from carbon dioxide with hydrogen C07C0001200000 starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as hetero atoms C07C0001220000 by reduction C07C0001240000 by elimination of water C07C0001247000 by splitting of cyclic ethers C07C0001253000 from carbonyl compounds C07C0001260000 starting from organic compounds containing only halogen atoms as hetero atoms C07C0001280000 by ring closure C07C0001300000 by splitting-off the elements of hydrogen halide from a single molecule C07C0001320000 starting from compounds containing hetero atoms other than, or in addition to, oxygen or halogen C07C0001340000 reacting phosphines with aldehydes or ketones, e.g. Wittig reaction C07C0001360000 by splitting of esters C07C0002000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a smaller number of carbon atoms (redistribution reactions involving splitting C07C0006000000);; C07C0002020000 by addition between unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0002040000 by oligomerisation of well-defined unsaturated hydrocarbons without ring formation C07C0002060000 of alkenes, i.e. acyclic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond C07C0002080000 Catalytic processes C07C0002100000 with metal oxides C07C0002120000 with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C07C0002140000 with inorganic acids; with salts or anhydrides of acids C07C0002160000 Acids of sulphur; Salts thereof; Sulphur oxides C07C0002180000 Acids of phosphorus; Salts thereof; Phosphorus oxides C07C0002200000 Acids of halogen; Salts thereof C07C0002220000 Metal halides; Complexes thereof with organic compounds C07C0002240000 with metals C07C0002260000 with hydrides or organic compounds (C07C0002220000 takes precedence);; C07C0002280000 with ion-exchange resins C07C0002300000 containing a metal-to-carbon bond; Metal hydrides C07C0002320000 as complexes, e.g. acetyl-acetonates (complexes of salts of acids of halogen C07C0002220000);; C07C0002340000 Metal-hydrocarbon complexes C07C0002360000 as phosphines, arsines, stilbines or bismuthines C07C0002380000 of dienes or alkynes C07C0002400000 of conjugated dienes C07C0002420000 homo- or co-oligomerisation with ring formation, not being a Diels-Alder conversion C07C0002440000 of conjugated dienes only C07C0002460000 Catalytic processes C07C0002480000 of only hydrocarbons containing a carbon-to-carbon triple bond C07C0002500000 Diels-Alder conversion C07C0002520000 Catalytic processes C07C0002540000 by addition of unsaturated hydrocarbons to saturated hydrocarbons, or to hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring C07C0002560000 addition to acyclic hydrocarbons C07C0002580000 Catalytic processes C07C0002600000 with halides C07C0002620000 with acids C07C0002640000 addition to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0002660000 Catalytic processes C07C0002680000 with halides C07C0002700000 with acids C07C0002720000 addition to a non-aromatic carbon atom of hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0002740000 by addition with simultaneous hydrogenation C07C0002760000 by condensation of hydrocarbons with partial elimination of hydrogen C07C0002780000 Processes with partial combustion C07C0002800000 Processes with the aid of electrical means C07C0002820000 oxidative coupling C07C0002840000 catalytic C07C0002860000 by condensation between a hydrocarbon and a non-hydrocarbon C07C0002880000 Growth and elimination reactions (preparation of metallo-organic compounds C07F);; C07C0004000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a larger number of carbon atoms (redistribution reactions involving splitting C07C0006000000;cracking hydrocarbon oils C10G) C07C0004020000 by cracking a single hydrocarbon or a mixture of individually defined hydrocarbons or a normally gaseous hydrocarbon fraction C07C0004040000 Thermal processes C07C0004060000 Catalytic processes C07C0004080000 by splitting-off an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic part from the molecule C07C0004100000 from acyclic hydrocarbons C07C0004120000 from hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring, e.g. propyltoluene to vinyltoluene C07C0004140000 splitting taking place at an aromatic-aliphatic bond C07C0004160000 Thermal processes C07C0004180000 Catalytic processes C07C0004200000 Hydrogen being formed ; in situ, e.g. from steam C07C0004220000 by depolymerisation to the original monomer, e.g. dicyclopentadiene to cyclopentadiene C07C0004240000 by splitting polyarylsubstituted aliphatic compounds at an aliphatic-aliphatic bond, e.g. 1,4-diphenylbutane to styrene C07C0004260000 by splitting polyaryl compounds at a bond between uncondensed six-membered aromatic rings, e.g. biphenyl to benzene C07C0005000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms C07C0005020000 by hydrogenation (simultaneous hydrogenation and dehydrogenation C07C0005520000);; C07C0005030000 of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0005050000 Partial hydrogenation C07C0005080000 of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0005090000 to carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0005100000 of aromatic six-membered rings C07C0005110000 Partial hydrogenation C07C0005130000 with simultaneous isomerisation C07C0005220000 by isomerisation (with simultaneous hydrogenation C07C0005130000;with simultaneous dehydrogenation C07C0005373000) C07C0005230000 Rearrangement of carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds C07C0005250000 Migration of carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0005270000 Rearrangement of carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon skeleton C07C0005290000 changing the number of carbon atoms in a ring while maintaining the number of rings C07C0005310000 changing the number of rings C07C0005320000 by dehydrogenation with formation of free hydrogen C07C0005327000 Formation of non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds only C07C0005333000 Catalytic processes C07C0005350000 Formation of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds only C07C0005367000 Formation of an aromatic six-membered ring from an existing six-membered ring, e.g. dehydrogenation of ethylcyclohexane to ethylbenzene C07C0005373000 with simultaneous isomerisation C07C0005387000 of cyclic compounds containing no six-membered ring to compounds containing a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0005393000 with cyclisation to an aromatic six-membered ring, e.g. dehydrogenation of n-hexane to benzene C07C0005410000 Catalytic processes C07C0005420000 by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor C07C0005440000 with a halogen or a halogen-containing compound as an acceptor C07C0005460000 with sulphur or a sulphur-containing compound as an acceptor C07C0005480000 with oxygen as an acceptor C07C0005500000 with an organic compound as an acceptor C07C0005520000 with a hydrocarbon as an acceptor, e.g. hydrocarbon disproportionation, i.e. 2CnHp CnHp+q+CnHp-q C07C0005540000 with an acceptor system containing at least two compounds provided for in more than one of groups ; C07C0005440000-C07C0005500000 C07C0005560000 containing only oxygen and either halogens or halogen-containing compounds C07C0006000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms by redistribution reactions C07C0006020000 Metathesis reactions at an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond C07C0006040000 at a carbon-to-carbon double bond C07C0006060000 at a cyclic carbon-to-carbon double bond C07C0006080000 by conversion at a saturated carbon-to-carbon bond C07C0006100000 in hydrocarbons containing no six-membered aromatic rings C07C0006120000 of exclusively hydrocarbons containing a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0007000000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0007040000 by distillation C07C0007050000 with the aid of auxiliary compounds C07C0007060000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0007080000 by extractive distillation C07C0007090000 by fractional condensation C07C0007100000 by extraction, i.e. purification or separation of liquid hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids C07C0007110000 by absorption, i.e. purification or separation of gaseous hydrocarbons with the aid of liquids C07C0007120000 by adsorption, i.e. purification or separation of hydrocarbons with the aid of solids, e.g. with ion-exchangers C07C0007130000 by molecular-sieve technique C07C0007135000 by gas-chromatography C07C0007140000 by crystallisation; Purification or separation of the crystals C07C0007144000 using membranes, e.g. selective permeation C07C0007148000 by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound C07C0007152000 by forming adducts or complexes C07C0007156000 with solutions of copper salts C07C0007163000 by hydrogenation C07C0007167000 for removal of compounds containing a triple carbon-to-carbon bond C07C0007170000 with acids or sulphur oxides C07C0007173000 with the aid of organometallic compounds C07C0007177000 by selective oligomerisation or selective polymerisation of at least one compound of the mixture C07C0007200000 use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0009000000 Acyclic saturated hydrocarbons C07C0009020000 with one to four carbon atoms C07C0009040000 Methane (production by treatment of sewage C02F0011040000);; C07C0009060000 Ethane C07C0009080000 Propane C07C0009100000 Butanes C07C0009120000 Iso-butane C07C0009140000 with five to fifteen carbon atoms C07C0009150000 Straight-chain hydrocarbons C07C0009160000 Branched-chain hydrocarbons C07C0009180000 Isopentane; Neopentane C07C0009210000 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane C07C0009220000 with more than fifteen carbon atoms C07C0011000000 Acyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0011020000 Alkenes C07C0011040000 Ethylene C07C0011060000 Propene C07C0011080000 Butenes C07C0011090000 Isobutene C07C0011100000 Pentenes C07C0011107000 Hexenes C07C0011113000 Methylpentenes C07C0011120000 Alkadienes C07C0011140000 Allene C07C0011160000 with four carbon atoms C07C0011167000 1,3-Butadiene C07C0011173000 with five carbon atoms C07C0011180000 Isoprene C07C0011200000 1,3-Pentadiene C07C0011210000 Alkatrienes; Alkatetraenes; Other alkapolyenes C07C0011220000 containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0011240000 Acetylene (production of acetylene gas by wet methods, and its purification C10H);; C07C0011280000 containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds and carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0011300000 Butenyne C07C0013000000 Cyclic hydrocarbons containing rings other than, or in addition to, six-membered aromatic rings C07C0013020000 Monocyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0013040000 with a three-membered ring C07C0013060000 with a four-membered ring C07C0013080000 with a five-membered ring C07C0013100000 with a cyclopentane ring C07C0013110000 substituted by unsaturated hydrocarbon groups C07C0013120000 with a cyclopentene ring C07C0013150000 with a cyclopentadiene ring C07C0013160000 with a six-membered ring C07C0013180000 with a cyclohexane ring C07C0013190000 substituted by unsaturated hydrocarbon groups C07C0013200000 with a cyclohexene ring C07C0013210000 Menthadienes (with a cyclohexadiene ring C07C0013230000);; C07C0013230000 with a cyclohexadiene ring C07C0013240000 with a seven-membered ring C07C0013260000 with an eight-membered ring C07C0013263000 with a cyclo-octene or cyclo-octadiene ring C07C0013267000 with a cyclo-octatriene or cyclo-octatetraene ring C07C0013271000 with a nine- to eleven-membered ring C07C0013273000 with a twelve-membered ring C07C0013275000 the twelve-membered ring being unsaturated C07C0013277000 with a cyclododecatriene ring C07C0013280000 Polycyclic hydrocarbons or acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0013320000 with condensed rings C07C0013340000 with a bicyclo ring system containing four carbon atoms C07C0013360000 with a bicyclo ring system containing five carbon atoms C07C0013380000 with a bicyclo ring system containing six carbon atoms C07C0013390000 with a bicyclo ring system containing seven carbon atoms C07C0013400000 with a bicycloheptane ring structure C07C0013420000 with a bicycloheptene ring structure C07C0013430000 substituted by unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon groups C07C0013440000 with a bicyclo ring system containing eight carbon atoms C07C0013450000 with a bicyclo ring system containing nine carbon atoms C07C0013465000 Indenes; Completely or partially hydrogenated indenes C07C0013470000 with a bicyclo ring system containing ten carbon atoms C07C0013480000 Completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalenes C07C0013500000 Decahydronaphthalenes C07C0013520000 Azulenes; Completely or partially hydrogenated azulenes C07C0013540000 with three condensed rings C07C0013547000 at least one ring not being six-membered, the other rings being at the most six-membered C07C0013553000 Indacenes; Completely- or partially-hydrogenated indacenes C07C0013567000 Fluorenes; Completely or partially hydrogenated fluorenes C07C0013573000 with three six-membered rings C07C0013580000 Completely or partially hydrogenated anthracenes C07C0013600000 Completely or partially hydrogenated phenanthrenes C07C0013605000 with a bridged ring system C07C0013610000 Bridged indenes, e.g. dicyclopentadiene C07C0013615000 Adamantanes C07C0013620000 with more than three condensed rings C07C0013640000 with a bridged ring system C07C0013660000 the condensed ring system contains only four rings C07C0013680000 with a bridged ring system C07C0013700000 with a condensed ring system consisting of at least two mutually uncondensed aromatic ring systems, linked by an annular structure formed by carbon chains on non-adjacent positions of the aromatic ring, e.g. cyclophanes C07C0013720000 Spiro hydrocarbons C07C0015000000 Cyclic hydrocarbons containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part C07C0015020000 Monocyclic hydrocarbons C07C0015040000 Benzene C07C0015060000 Toluene C07C0015067000 C; 8H10 hydrocarbons C07C0015073000 Ethylbenzene C07C0015080000 Xylenes C07C0015085000 Isopropylbenzene C07C0015107000 having a saturated side-chain containing at least six carbon atoms, e.g. detergent alkylates C07C0015113000 having at least two saturated side-chains, each containing at least six carbon atoms C07C0015120000 Polycyclic non-condensed hydrocarbons C07C0015140000 all phenyl groups being directly linked C07C0015160000 containing at least two phenyl groups linked by one single acyclic carbon atom C07C0015180000 containing at least one group with formula C07C0015200000 Polycyclic condensed hydrocarbons C07C0015240000 containing two rings C07C0015270000 containing three rings C07C0015280000 Anthracenes C07C0015300000 Phenanthrenes C07C0015380000 containing four rings C07C0015400000 substituted by unsaturated hydrocarbon radicals C07C0015420000 monocyclic C07C0015440000 the hydrocarbon substituent containing a carbon-to-carbon double bond C07C0015460000 Styrene; Ring-alkylated styrenes C07C0015480000 the hydrocarbon substituent containing a carbon-to-carbon triple bond C07C0015500000 polycyclic non-condensed C07C0015520000 containing a group with formula C07C0015540000 containing a group with formula C07C0015560000 polycyclic condensed C07C0015580000 containing two rings C07C0015600000 containing three rings C07C0015620000 containing four rings C07C0017000000 Methods of preparing halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0017020000 by addition of halogen to unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0017040000 by addition of halogen to unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0017060000 combined with replacement of hydrogen by halogen C07C0017080000 by addition of hydrogen halides to unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0017100000 by replacing hydrogen by halogen C07C0017120000 in the ring of aromatic compounds C07C0017140000 in the side-chain of aromatic compounds C07C0017150000 with oxygen as auxiliary reagent, e.g. oxychlorination C07C0017152000 of hydrocarbons C07C0017154000 of saturated hydrocarbons C07C0017156000 of unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0017158000 of halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0017160000 by replacing hydroxyl by halogen C07C0017180000 by replacing carbonyl oxygen by halogen C07C0017200000 by replacing one halogen by another halogen C07C0017220000 by replacing other substituents by halogen C07C0017240000 by heating one or more halogenated hydrocarbons with or without catalysts C07C0017260000 with simultaneous increase in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton C07C0017280000 by reaction of halogenated alkanes with unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0017300000 by diene-synthesis C07C0017320000 by introduction of halogenated alkyl groups into ring compounds C07C0017330000 with simultaneous decrease in the number of carbon atoms in the skeleton C07C0017340000 by splitting-off hydrogen halide from halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0017360000 by reacting a halogenated alkane with an alcohol C07C0017380000 Purification; Separation of mixtures C07C0017420000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0019000000 Saturated compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0019020000 containing hydrogen C07C0019040000 Chloroform C07C0019045000 Dichloroethanes C07C0019050000 Trichloroethanes C07C0019055000 Tetrachloroethanes C07C0019060000 Carbon tetrachloride C07C0019070000 containing iodine C07C0019080000 containing fluorine C07C0021000000 Unsaturated compounds containing halogen atoms bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0021020000 containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0021040000 Chloro-alkenes C07C0021060000 Vinyl chloride C07C0021067000 Allyl chloride; Methallyl chloride C07C0021073000 Dichloro-alkenes C07C0021080000 Vinylidene chloride C07C0021090000 Dichloro-butenes C07C0021100000 Trichloro-ethylene C07C0021120000 Tetrachloro-ethylene C07C0021140000 containing bromine C07C0021160000 Crotyl bromide C07C0021180000 containing fluorine C07C0021190000 Halogenated dienes C07C0021200000 Halogenated butadienes C07C0021210000 Chloroprene C07C0021215000 Halogenated polyenes with more than two carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0021220000 containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0021240000 containing cycloaliphatic or aromatic rings C07C0021260000 Benzotrichloride C07C0023000000 Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0023020000 Monocyclic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0023040000 Halogenated cyclopropanes; Halogenated cyclopropenes C07C0023060000 Halogenated cyclobutanes; Halogenated cyclobutenes C07C0023080000 Halogenated cyclopentanes; Halogenated cyclopentenes C07C0023100000 Halogenated cyclohexanes; Halogenated cyclohexenes C07C0023120000 Hexachlorocyclohexanes C07C0023140000 Halogenated cycloheptanes; Halogenated cycloheptenes C07C0023160000 Halogenated cyclo-octanes; Halogenated cyclo-octenes C07C0023180000 Polycyclic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0023200000 with condensed rings none of which is aromatic C07C0023220000 Halogenated bicyclobutanes; Halogenated bicyclobutenes C07C0023240000 Halogenated bicyclopentanes; Halogenated bicyclopentenes C07C0023260000 Halogenated bicyclohexanes; Halogenated bicyclohexenes C07C0023280000 Halogenated bicycloheptanes C07C0023300000 Halogenated bicycloheptenes C07C0023320000 Halogenated bicyclo-octanes; Halogenated bicyclo-octenes C07C0023340000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated indenes C07C0023360000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalenes C07C0023380000 with three condensed rings C07C0023400000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated fluorenes C07C0023420000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated anthracenes C07C0023440000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated phenanthrenes C07C0023460000 with more than 3 condensed rings C07C0025000000 Compounds containing at least one halogen atom bound to a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0025020000 Monocyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0025060000 Monochloro-benzene C07C0025080000 Dichloro-benzenes C07C0025100000 Trichloro-benzenes C07C0025120000 Hexachloro-benzene C07C0025125000 Halogenated xylenes C07C0025130000 containing fluorine C07C0025180000 Polycyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0025200000 Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane C07C0025220000 with condensed rings C07C0025240000 Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with unsaturated side chains C07C0025280000 Halogenated styrenes C07C0027000000 Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds C07C0027020000 Saponification of organic acid esters C07C0027040000 by reduction of oxygen-containing compounds (C07C0029140000 takes precedence);; C07C0027060000 by hydrogenation of oxides of carbon C07C0027080000 with moving catalysts C07C0027100000 by oxidation of hydrocarbons C07C0027120000 with oxygen C07C0027140000 wholly gaseous reactions C07C0027160000 with other oxidising agents C07C0027180000 by addition of alkynes to aldehydes, ketones, or alkylene oxides C07C0027200000 by oxo-reaction C07C0027220000 with the use of catalysts which are specific for this process C07C0027240000 with moving catalysts C07C0027260000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0027280000 by distillation C07C0027300000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0027320000 by extractive distillation C07C0027340000 by extraction C07C0029000000 Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom not belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0029030000 by addition of hydroxy groups to unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. with the aid of H 2O2(by simultaneous introduction of hydroxy groups and halogenes C07C0029640000);; C07C0029040000 by hydration of carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0029050000 with formation of absorption products in mineral acids and their hydrolysis (characterised by the method of hydrolysis C07C0029120000);; C07C0029060000 the acid being sulfuric acid C07C0029080000 the acid being phosphoric acid C07C0029090000 by hydrolysis (of esters of organic acids C07C0027020000);; C07C0029100000 of ethers, including cyclic ethers, e.g. oxiranes C07C0029120000 of esters of mineral acids C07C0029124000 of halides C07C0029128000 by alcoholysis (of esters of organic acids C07C0027020000);; C07C0029132000 by reduction of an oxygen containing functional group C07C0029136000 of C=O-containing groups, e.g. COOH C07C0029140000 of a ; CHO group C07C0029150000 by reduction of oxides of carbon exclusively C07C0029160000 by oxo-reaction combined with reduction C07C0029170000 by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds C07C0029190000 in six-membered aromatic rings C07C0029200000 in non-condensed rings substituted with hydroxy groups C07C0029320000 increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions without formation of hydroxy groups C07C0029340000 by condensation involving hydroxy groups or the mineral ester groups derived therefrom, e.g. Guerbet reaction C07C0029360000 increasing the number of carbon atoms by reactions with formation of hydroxy groups, which may occur via intermediates being derivatives of hydroxy groups, e.g. O-metal C07C0029380000 by reaction with aldehydes or ketones C07C0029400000 with compounds containing carbon-to-metal bonds C07C0029420000 with compounds containing triple carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. with metal-alkynes C07C0029440000 increasing the number of carbon atoms by addition reactions, i. e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon double or triple bond (C07C0029160000 takes precedence);; C07C0029460000 by diene-synthesis C07C0029480000 by oxidation reactions with formation of hydroxy groups C07C0029500000 with molecular oxygen only C07C0029520000 in the presence of mineral boron compounds with, when necessary, hydrolysis of the intermediate formed C07C0029540000 starting from compounds containing carbon-to-metal bonds and followed by conversion of the O-metal to hydroxy groups C07C0029560000 by isomerisation C07C0029580000 by elimination of halogen, e.g. by hydrogenolysis, splitting-off (C07C0029124000 takes precedence);; C07C0029600000 by elimination of hydroxy groups, e.g. by dehydration (C07C0029340000 takes precedence);; C07C0029620000 by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms C07C0029640000 by simultaneous introduction of hydroxy groups and halogens C07C0029660000 by addition of hypohalogenous acids, which may be formed ; in situ, to carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds C07C0029680000 Preparation of metal-alcoholates (C07C0029420000, C07C0029540000 take precedence);; C07C0029700000 by converting hydroxy groups to O-metal groups C07C0029720000 by oxidation of carbon-to-metal bonds C07C0029740000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0029760000 by physical treatment C07C0029780000 by condensation or crystallisation C07C0029800000 by distillation C07C0029820000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0029840000 by extractive distillation C07C0029860000 by liquid-liquid treatment C07C0029880000 by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification of at least one compound (chemisorption C07C0029760000);; C07C0029900000 using hydrogen only C07C0029920000 by a consecutive conversion and reconstruction C07C0029940000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0031000000 Saturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms C07C0031020000 Monohydroxylic acyclic alcohols C07C0031040000 Methanol C07C0031080000 Ethanol C07C0031100000 containing three carbon atoms C07C0031120000 containing four carbon atoms C07C0031125000 containing five to twenty-two carbon atoms C07C0031130000 Monohydroxylic alcohols containing saturated rings C07C0031133000 monocyclic C07C0031135000 with five- or six-membered rings; Naphthenic alcohols C07C0031137000 polycyclic with condensed ring systems C07C0031180000 Polyhydroxylic acyclic alcohols C07C0031200000 Dihydroxylic alcohols C07C0031220000 Trihydroxylic alcohols, e.g. glycerol C07C0031240000 Tetrahydroxylic alcohols, e.g. pentaerythritol C07C0031260000 Hexahydroxylic alcohols C07C0031270000 Polyhydroxylic alcohols containing saturated rings C07C0031280000 Metal alcoholates (titanates, zirconates C07F0007000000);; C07C0031300000 Alkali-metal or alkaline-earth-metal alcoholates C07C0031320000 Aluminium alcoholates C07C0031340000 Halogenated alcohols C07C0031360000 the halogen not being fluorine C07C0031380000 containing only fluorine as halogen C07C0031400000 perhalogenated C07C0031420000 Halogenated polyhydroxylic acyclic alcohols C07C0031440000 Halogenated alcohols containing saturated rings C07C0033000000 Unsaturated compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms C07C0033020000 Acyclic alcohols with carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0033025000 with only one double bond C07C0033030000 in beta-position, e.g. allyl alcohol, methallyl alcohol C07C0033035000 Alkenediols C07C0033040000 Acyclic alcohols with carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0033042000 with only one triple bond C07C0033044000 Alkynediols C07C0033046000 Butynediols C07C0033048000 with double and triple bonds C07C0033050000 Alcohols containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0033120000 containing five-membered rings C07C0033140000 containing six-membered rings C07C0033160000 containing rings with more than six ring members C07C0033180000 Monohydroxylic alcohols containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part C07C0033200000 monocyclic C07C0033220000 Benzylalcohol; Phenylethyl alcohol C07C0033240000 polycyclic without condensed ring systems C07C0033260000 Polyhydroxylic alcohols containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part C07C0033280000 Alcohols containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part with unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0033300000 monocyclic C07C0033320000 Cinnamyl alcohol C07C0033340000 Monohydroxylic alcohols containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0033360000 Polyhydroxylic alcohols containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0033380000 Alcohols containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings and having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0033400000 Halogenated unsaturated alcohols C07C0033420000 acyclic C07C0033440000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0033460000 containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part C07C0033480000 with unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0033500000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0035000000 Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0035020000 monocyclic C07C0035040000 containing three- or four-membered rings C07C0035060000 containing five-membered rings C07C0035080000 containing six-membered rings C07C0035120000 Menthol C07C0035140000 with more than one hydroxy group bound to the ring C07C0035160000 Inositol C07C0035170000 with unsaturation only outside the ring C07C0035180000 with unsaturation at least in the ring C07C0035200000 containing seven- or eight-membered rings C07C0035205000 containing nine- to twelve-membered rings, e.g. cyclododecanols C07C0035210000 polycyclic, at least one hydroxy group bound to a non-condensed ring C07C0035220000 polycyclic, at least one hydroxy group bound to a condensed ring system C07C0035230000 with a hydroxy group on a condensed ring system having two rings C07C0035240000 the condensed ring system containing five carbon atoms C07C0035260000 Bicyclopentadienols C07C0035270000 the condensed ring system containing six carbon atoms C07C0035280000 the condensed ring system containing seven carbon atoms C07C0035290000 being a [2.2.1] system C07C0035300000 Borneol; Isoborneol C07C0035310000 the condensed ring system containing eight carbon atoms C07C0035320000 the condensed ring system being a [4.3.0] system, e.g. indenols C07C0035340000 the condensed ring system being a [5.3.0] system, e.g. azulenols C07C0035360000 the condensed ring system being a [4.4.0] system, e.g. hydrogenated naphthols C07C0035370000 with a hydroxy group on a condensed ring system having three rings C07C0035380000 derived from the fluorene skeleton C07C0035400000 derived from the anthracene skeleton C07C0035420000 derived from the phenanthrene skeleton C07C0035440000 with a hydroxy group on a condensed ring system having more than three rings C07C0035460000 O-metal derivatives of the cyclically bound hydroxy groups C07C0035480000 Halogenated derivatives C07C0035500000 Alcohols with at least two rings C07C0035520000 Alcohols with a condensed ring system C07C0037000000 Preparation of compounds having hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0037010000 by replacing functional groups bound to a six-membered aromatic ring by hydroxy groups, e.g. by hydrolysis C07C0037020000 by substitution of halogen C07C0037040000 by substitution of SO; 3H groups or a derivative thereof C07C0037045000 by substitution of a group bound to the ring by nitrogen C07C0037050000 by substitution of a NH; 2 group C07C0037055000 by substitution of a group bound to the ring by oxygen, e.g. ether group C07C0037060000 by conversion of non-aromatic six-membered rings or of such rings formed ; in situ into aromatic six-membered rings, e.g. by dehydrogenation C07C0037070000 with simultaneous reduction of C=O group in that ring C07C0037080000 by decomposition of hydroperoxides, e.g. cumene hydroperoxide C07C0037110000 by reactions increasing the number of carbon atoms C07C0037140000 by addition reactions, i.e. reactions involving at least one carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond C07C0037160000 by condensation involving hydroxy groups of phenols or alcohols or the ether or mineral ester group derived therefrom C07C0037180000 by condensation involving halogen atoms of halogenated compounds C07C0037200000 using aldehydes or ketones C07C0037480000 by exchange of hydrocarbon groups which may be substituted, from other compounds, e.g. transalkylation C07C0037500000 by reactions decreasing the number of carbon atoms (C07C0037010000, C07C0037080000, C07C0037480000 take precedence);; C07C0037520000 by splitting polyaromatic compounds, e.g. polyphenolalkanes C07C0037540000 by hydrolysis of lignin or sulphite waste liquor C07C0037560000 by replacing a carboxyl or aldehyde group by a hydroxy group C07C0037580000 by oxidation reactions introducing directly a hydroxy group on a CH-group belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring with the aid of molecular oxygen C07C0037600000 by oxidation reactions introducing directly a hydroxy group on a CH-group belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring with the aid of other oxidants than molecular oxygen or their mixtures with molecular oxygen C07C0037620000 by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms C07C0037640000 Preparation of O-metal compounds with the O-metal group linked to a carbon atom belonging to a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0037660000 by conversion of hydroxy groups to O-metal groups C07C0037680000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0037700000 by physical treatment C07C0037720000 by liquid-liquid treatment C07C0037740000 by distillation C07C0037760000 by steam distillation C07C0037780000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0037800000 by extractive distillation C07C0037820000 by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption C07C0037840000 by crystallisation C07C0037860000 by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification (by chemisorption C07C0037820000);; C07C0037880000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0039000000 Compounds having at least one hydroxy or O-metal group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0039020000 monocyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic ring C07C0039040000 Phenol C07C0039060000 Alkylated phenols C07C0039070000 containing only methyl groups as alkyl groups, e.g. cresols, xylenols C07C0039080000 Dihydroxy-benzenes; Alkylated derivatives thereof C07C0039100000 Polyhydroxy-benzenes; Alkylated derivates thereof (C07C0039080000 takes precedence);; C07C0039110000 Alkylated hydroxybenzenes containing also acyclically bound hydroxy groups, e.g. saligenol C07C0039120000 polycyclic with no unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0039140000 with at least one hydroxy group on a condensed ring system containing two rings C07C0039150000 with all hydroxy groups on non-condensed rings C07C0039160000 Bis(hydroxyphenyl)alkanes; Tris(hydroxyphenyl)alkanes C07C0039170000 containing other rings in addition to the six-membered aromatic rings C07C0039180000 monocyclic with unsaturation outside the aromatic ring C07C0039190000 containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds but no carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0039200000 Hydroxy-styrenes C07C0039205000 polycyclic, containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part, with unsaturation outside the rings C07C0039210000 with at least one hydroxy group on a non-condensed ring C07C0039215000 containing the structure, e.g. diethylstilbestrol C07C0039225000 with at least one hydroxy group on a condensed ring system C07C0039230000 polycyclic, containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings, with unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0039235000 Metal derivatives of a hydroxy group bound to a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0039240000 Halogenated derivatives C07C0039260000 monocyclic monohydroxylic containing halogen bound to ring carbon atoms C07C0039270000 all halogen atoms being attached to the ring C07C0039280000 the halogen being one chlorine atom C07C0039300000 the halogen being two chlorine atoms C07C0039320000 the halogen being three chlorine atoms C07C0039340000 the halogen being four chlorine atoms C07C0039360000 Pentachlorophenol C07C0039367000 polycyclic non-condensed, containing only six-membered aromatic rings as cyclic part, e.g. halogenated poly-(hydroxyphenyl)alkanes C07C0039373000 with all hydroxy groups on non-condensed rings and with unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0039380000 with at least one hydroxy group on a condensed ring system containing two rings C07C0039400000 with at least one hydroxy group on a condensed ring system containing more than two rings C07C0039420000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0039440000 Metal derivatives of a hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0041000000 Preparation of ethers; Preparation of compounds having ; groups, groups or groups C07C0041010000 Preparation of ethers C07C0041020000 from oxiranes C07C0041030000 by reaction of an oxirane ring with a hydroxy group C07C0041050000 by addition of compounds to unsaturated compounds C07C0041060000 by addition of organic compounds only C07C0041080000 to carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0041090000 by dehydration of compounds containing hydroxy groups C07C0041140000 by exchange of organic parts on the ether-oxygen for other organic parts, e.g. by trans-etherification C07C0041160000 by reaction of esters of mineral or organic acids with hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0041180000 by reactions not forming ether-oxygen bonds C07C0041200000 by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds C07C0041220000 by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms C07C0041240000 by elimination of halogen, e.g. elimination of HCl C07C0041260000 by introduction of hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0041280000 from acetals, e.g. by dealcoholysis C07C0041300000 by increasing the number of carbon atoms, e.g. by oligomerisation C07C0041320000 by isomerisation C07C0041340000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0041360000 by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption C07C0041380000 by liquid-liquid treatment C07C0041400000 by change of physical state, e.g. by crystallisation C07C0041420000 by distillation C07C0041440000 by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification (by chemisorption C07C0041360000);; C07C0041460000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0041480000 Preparation of compounds having groups C07C0041500000 by reactions producing groups C07C0041520000 by substitution of halogen only C07C0041540000 by addition of compounds to unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C07C0041560000 by condensation of aldehydes, paraformaldehyde, or ketones C07C0041580000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0041600000 Preparation of compounds having groups or groups C07C0043000000 Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups C07C0043020000 Ethers C07C0043030000 having all ether-oxygen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms C07C0043040000 Saturated ethers C07C0043060000 Diethyl ether C07C0043100000 of polyhydroxy compounds C07C0043110000 Polyethers containing ; O(CCO)n units with 2n10 C07C0043115000 containing carbocyclic rings C07C0043120000 containing halogen C07C0043130000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups (C07C0043110000 takes precedence);; C07C0043140000 Unsaturated ethers C07C0043150000 containing only non-aromatic carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0043160000 Vinyl ethers C07C0043162000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043164000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043166000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0043168000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0043170000 containing halogen C07C0043172000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043174000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043176000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0043178000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0043180000 having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0043184000 to a carbon atom of a non-condensed ring C07C0043188000 Unsaturated ethers C07C0043192000 containing halogen C07C0043196000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0043200000 having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0043205000 the aromatic ring being a non-condensed ring C07C0043210000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043215000 having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043225000 containing halogen C07C0043230000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0043235000 having an ether-oxygen atom bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring and to a carbon atom of a ring, other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0043243000 having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043247000 containing halogen C07C0043253000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0043257000 having an ether-oxygen atom bound to carbon atoms both belonging to six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043263000 the aromatic rings being non-condensed C07C0043267000 containing other rings C07C0043275000 having all ether-oxygen atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043285000 having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043290000 containing halogen C07C0043295000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0043300000 Compounds having groups C07C0043303000 having acetal carbon atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms C07C0043305000 having acetal carbon atoms as ring members or bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043307000 having acetal carbon atoms bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings C07C0043313000 containing halogen C07C0043315000 containing oxygen atoms singly bound to carbon atoms not being acetal carbon atoms C07C0043317000 having groups, X being hydrogen C07C0043320000 Compounds having groups or groups C07C0045000000 Preparation of compounds having ; C=O groups bound only to carbon or hydrogen atomsPreparation of chelates of such compounds C07C0045260000 by hydration of carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0045270000 by oxidation (with ozone C07C0045400000);; C07C0045280000 of CHx-moieties C07C0045290000 of hydroxyl groups C07C0045300000 with halogen containing compounds, e.g. hypohalogenation C07C0045310000 with compounds containing mercury atoms, which may be regenerated ; in situ, e.g. by oxygen C07C0045320000 with molecular oxygen C07C0045330000 of CHx-moieties C07C0045340000 in unsaturated compounds C07C0045350000 in propene or isobutene C07C0045360000 in compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0045370000 of ; CO functional groups to C=O groups C07C0045380000 being a primary hydroxyl group C07C0045390000 being a secondary hydroxyl group C07C0045400000 by oxidation with ozone; by ozonolysis C07C0045410000 by hydrogenolysis or reduction of carboxylic groups or functional derivatives thereof C07C0045420000 by hydrolysis C07C0045430000 of ; CX2 groups, X being halogen C07C0045440000 by reduction and hydrolysis of nitriles C07C0045450000 by condensation C07C0045460000 Friedel-Crafts reactions C07C0045470000 using phosgene C07C0045480000 involving decarboxylation C07C0045490000 by reaction with carbon monoxide C07C0045500000 by oxo-reactions C07C0045510000 by pyrolysis, rearrangement or decomposition C07C0045520000 by dehydration and rearrangement involving two hydroxy groups in the same molecule C07C0045530000 of hydroperoxides C07C0045540000 of compounds containing doubly bound oxygen atoms, e.g. esters C07C0045550000 of oligo- or polymeric oxo-compounds C07C0045560000 from heterocyclic compounds (C07C0045550000 takes precedence);; C07C0045570000 with oxygen as the only hetero atom C07C0045580000 in three-membered rings C07C0045590000 in five-membered rings (from ozonides C07C0045400000);; C07C0045600000 in six-membered rings C07C0045610000 by reactions not involving the formation of ; C=O groups C07C0045620000 by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds C07C0045630000 by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms C07C0045640000 by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form C07C0045650000 by splitting-off hydrogen atoms or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups C07C0045660000 by dehydration C07C0045670000 by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton C07C0045680000 by increase in the number of carbon atoms C07C0045690000 by addition to carbon-to-carbon double or triple bonds C07C0045700000 by reaction with functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form C07C0045710000 being hydroxy groups C07C0045720000 by reaction of compounds containing ; C=O groups with the same or other compounds containing C=O groups C07C0045730000 combined with hydrogenation C07C0045740000 combined with dehydration C07C0045750000 Reactions with formaldehyde C07C0045760000 with the aid of ketenes C07C0045770000 Preparation of chelates of aldehydes or ketones C07C0045780000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0045790000 by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption C07C0045800000 by liquid-liquid treatment C07C0045810000 by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation C07C0045820000 by distillation C07C0045830000 by extractive distillation C07C0045840000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0045850000 by treatment giving rise to a chemical modification (by chemisorption C07C0045790000);; C07C0045860000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0045870000 Preparation of ketenes or dimeric ketenes (heterocyclic compounds C07D);; C07C0045880000 from ketones C07C0045890000 from carboxylic acids, their anhydrides, esters or halides C07C0045900000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0046000000 Preparation of quinones C07C0046020000 by oxidation giving rise to quinoid structures C07C0046040000 of unsubstituted ring carbon atoms in six-membered aromatic rings C07C0046060000 of at least one hydroxy group on a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0046080000 with molecular oxygen C07C0046100000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0047000000 Compounds having ; CHO groups C07C0047020000 Saturated compounds having ; CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to hydrogen C07C0047040000 Formaldehyde C07C0047042000 Preparation from carbon monoxide C07C0047045000 Preparation by depolymerisation C07C0047048000 Preparation by oxidation of hydrocarbons C07C0047052000 Preparation by oxidation of methanol C07C0047055000 using noble metals or compounds thereof as catalysts C07C0047058000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0047060000 Acetaldehyde C07C0047070000 Preparation by oxidation C07C0047090000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0047105000 containing rings C07C0047110000 monocyclic C07C0047115000 containing condensed ring systems C07C0047120000 containing more than one ; CHO group C07C0047127000 Glyoxal C07C0047133000 containing rings C07C0047140000 containing halogen C07C0047160000 Trichloroacetaldehyde C07C0047170000 containing rings C07C0047190000 containing hydroxy groups (sugars C07H);; C07C0047192000 containing rings C07C0047195000 containing halogen C07C0047198000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0047200000 Unsaturated compounds having ; CHO groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms C07C0047210000 with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation C07C0047220000 Acrylaldehyde; Methacrylaldehyde C07C0047222000 with only carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as unsaturation C07C0047225000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047228000 containing six-membered aromatic rings, e.g. phenylacetaldehyde C07C0047230000 polycyclic C07C0047232000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0047235000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0047238000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0047240000 containing halogen C07C0047260000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047263000 acyclic C07C0047267000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047270000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047273000 containing halogen C07C0047277000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0047280000 Saturated compounds having ; CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047293000 with a three- or four-membered ring C07C0047300000 with a five-membered ring C07C0047320000 with a six-membered ring C07C0047330000 with a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0047340000 polycyclic C07C0047347000 having a ; CHO group on a condensed ring system C07C0047353000 containing halogen C07C0047360000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047370000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0047380000 Unsaturated compounds having ; CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047395000 with a three- or four-membered ring C07C0047400000 with a five-membered ring C07C0047420000 with a six-membered ring C07C0047430000 with a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0047440000 polycyclic C07C0047445000 containing a condensed ring system C07C0047450000 having unsaturation outside the rings C07C0047453000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047457000 containing halogen C07C0047460000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047470000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0047520000 Compounds having ; CHO groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047540000 Benzaldehyde C07C0047542000 Alkylated benzaldehydes C07C0047544000 Diformyl-benzenes; Alkylated derivatives thereof C07C0047546000 polycyclic C07C0047548000 having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic rings C07C0047550000 containing halogen C07C0047560000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047565000 all hydroxy groups bound to the ring C07C0047570000 polycyclic C07C0047575000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0047580000 Vanillin C07C0049000000 Ketones; Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes (heterocyclic compounds C07D, e.g. beta-lactones C07D0305120000);;Ketonic chelates C07C0049040000 Saturated compounds containing keto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms C07C0049080000 Acetone C07C0049100000 Methyl-ethyl ketone C07C0049105000 containing rings C07C0049110000 monocyclic C07C0049115000 containing condensed ring systems C07C0049120000 Ketones containing more than one keto group C07C0049140000 Acetylacetone, i.e. 2,4-pentanedione C07C0049150000 containing rings C07C0049160000 containing halogen C07C0049163000 containing rings C07C0049167000 containing only fluorine as halogen C07C0049170000 containing hydroxy groups (sugars C07H);; C07C0049172000 containing rings C07C0049173000 containing halogen C07C0049175000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0049185000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0049200000 Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms C07C0049203000 with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation C07C0049205000 Methyl-vinyl ketone C07C0049207000 with only carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as unsaturation C07C0049210000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049213000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049215000 polycyclic C07C0049217000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0049223000 polycyclic C07C0049225000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0049227000 containing halogen C07C0049230000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049233000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049235000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0049237000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0049240000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049242000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049245000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049248000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0049252000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0049255000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0049258000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0049290000 Saturated compounds containing keto groups bound to rings C07C0049293000 to a three- or four-membered ring C07C0049297000 to a five-membered ring C07C0049303000 to a six-membered ring C07C0049307000 to a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0049313000 polycyclic C07C0049317000 both carbon atoms bound to the keto group belonging to rings C07C0049323000 having keto groups bound to condensed ring systems C07C0049327000 containing halogen C07C0049333000 polycyclic C07C0049337000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049345000 polycyclic C07C0049350000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0049355000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0049385000 Saturated compounds containing a keto group being part of a ring C07C0049390000 of a three- or four-membered ring C07C0049395000 of a five-membered ring C07C0049403000 of a six-membered ring C07C0049407000 Menthones C07C0049413000 of a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0049417000 polycyclic C07C0049423000 a keto group being part of a condensed ring system C07C0049427000 having two rings C07C0049433000 the condensed ring system containing seven carbon atoms C07C0049437000 Camphor; Fenchone C07C0049443000 the condensed ring system containing eight or nine carbon atoms C07C0049447000 the condensed ring system containing ten carbon atoms C07C0049453000 having three rings C07C0049457000 containing halogen C07C0049463000 a keto group being part of a six-membered ring C07C0049467000 polycyclic C07C0049473000 a keto group being part of a condensed ring system C07C0049477000 having two rings C07C0049483000 having three rings C07C0049487000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049493000 a keto group being part of a three- to five-membered ring C07C0049497000 a keto group being part of a six-membered ring C07C0049503000 a keto group being part of a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0049507000 polycyclic C07C0049513000 a keto group being part of a condensed ring system C07C0049517000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0049523000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0049527000 Unsaturated compounds containing keto groups bound to rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049533000 to a three- or four-membered ring C07C0049537000 to a five-membered ring C07C0049543000 to a six-membered ring C07C0049547000 to a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0049553000 polycyclic C07C0049557000 having unsaturation outside the rings C07C0049563000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049567000 containing halogen C07C0049573000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049577000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0049583000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0049587000 Unsaturated compounds containing a keto group being part of a ring C07C0049593000 of a three- or four-membered ring C07C0049597000 of a five-membered ring C07C0049603000 of a six-membered ring C07C0049607000 of a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0049613000 polycyclic C07C0049617000 a keto group being part of a condensed ring system C07C0049623000 having two rings C07C0049627000 the condensed ring system containing seven carbon atoms C07C0049633000 the condensed ring system containing eight or nine carbon atoms C07C0049637000 the condensed ring system containing ten carbon atoms C07C0049643000 having three rings C07C0049647000 having unsaturation outside the ring C07C0049653000 polycyclic C07C0049657000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049665000 a keto group being part of a condensed ring system C07C0049670000 having two rings, e.g. tetralones C07C0049675000 having three rings C07C0049683000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0049687000 containing halogen C07C0049693000 polycyclic C07C0049697000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049703000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049707000 a keto group being part of a three- to five-membered ring C07C0049713000 a keto group being part of a six-membered ring C07C0049717000 a keto group being part of a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0049723000 polycyclic C07C0049727000 a keto group being part of a condensed ring system C07C0049733000 having two rings C07C0049737000 having three rings C07C0049743000 having unsaturation outside the rings, e.g. humulones, lupulones C07C0049747000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049753000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0049755000 a keto group being part of a condensed ring system with two or three rings, at least one ring being a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0049757000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0049760000 Ketones containing a keto group bound to a six-membered aromatic ring (compounds having a keto group being part of a condensed ring system and being bound to a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0049657000-C07C0049757000); C07C0049780000 Acetophenone C07C0049782000 polycyclic C07C0049784000 with all keto groups bound to a non-condensed ring C07C0049786000 Benzophenone C07C0049788000 with keto groups bound to a condensed ring system C07C0049792000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049794000 having unsaturation outside an aromatic ring C07C0049796000 polycyclic C07C0049798000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0049800000 containing halogen C07C0049807000 all halogen atoms bound to the ring C07C0049813000 polycyclic C07C0049820000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049825000 all hydroxy groups bound to the ring C07C0049830000 polycyclic C07C0049835000 having unsaturation outside an aromatic ring C07C0049840000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0049860000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0049880000 Ketenes; Dimeric ketenes C07C0049900000 Ketene, i.e. C; 2H2O C07C0049920000 Ketonic chelates C07C0050000000 Quinones (for quinone methides, see unsaturated ketones with a keto group being part of a ring); C07C0050020000 with monocyclic quinoid structure C07C0050040000 Benzoquinones, i.e. C; 6H4O2 C07C0050060000 with unsaturation outside the quinoid structure C07C0050080000 with polycyclic non-condensed quinoid structure C07C0050100000 the quinoid structure being part of a condensed ring system containing two rings C07C0050120000 Naphthoquinones, i.e. C; 10H6O2 C07C0050140000 with unsaturation outside the ring system, e.g. vitamin K; 1 C07C0050160000 the quinoid structure being part of a condensed ring system containing three rings C07C0050180000 Anthraquinones, i.e. C; 14H8O2 C07C0050200000 with unsaturation outside the ring system C07C0050220000 the quinoid structure being part of a condensed ring system containing four or more rings C07C0050240000 containing halogen C07C0050260000 containing groups having oxygen atoms singly bound to carbon atoms C07C0050280000 with monocyclic quinoid structure C07C0050300000 with polycyclic non-condensed quinoid structure C07C0050320000 the quinoid structure being part of a condensed ring system having two rings C07C0050340000 the quinoid structure being part of a condensed ring system having three rings C07C0050360000 the quinoid structure being part of a condensed ring system having four or more rings C07C0050380000 containing ; CHO or non-quinoid keto groups C07C0051000000 Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides (of acids by hydrolysis of oils, fats, or waxes C11C);; C07C0051020000 from salts of carboxylic acids C07C0051040000 from carboxylic acid halides C07C0051060000 from carboxylic acid amides C07C0051080000 from nitriles C07C0051083000 from carboxylic acid anhydrides C07C0051087000 by hydrolysis C07C0051090000 from carboxylic acid esters or lactones (saponification of carboxylic acid esters C07C0027020000);; C07C0051093000 by hydrolysis of ; CX3 groups, X being halogen C07C0051097000 from or via nitro-substituted organic compounds C07C0051100000 by reaction with carbon monoxide C07C0051120000 on an oxygen-containing group in organic compounds, e.g. alcohols C07C0051140000 on a carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond in organic compounds C07C0051145000 with simultaneous oxidation C07C0051150000 by reaction of organic compounds with carbon dioxide, e.g. Kolbe-Schmitt synthesis C07C0051160000 by oxidation (C07C0051145000 takes precedence);; C07C0051210000 with molecular oxygen C07C0051215000 of saturated hydrocarbyl groups C07C0051225000 of paraffin waxes C07C0051230000 of oxygen-containing groups to carboxyl groups C07C0051235000 of ; CHO groups or primary alcohol groups C07C0051245000 of keto groups or secondary alcohol groups C07C0051250000 of unsaturated compounds containing no six-membered aromatic ring C07C0051255000 of compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings without ring-splitting C07C0051265000 having alkyl side chains which are oxidised to carboxyl groups C07C0051270000 with oxides of nitrogen or nitrogen-containing mineral acids C07C0051275000 of hydrocarbyl groups C07C0051285000 with peroxy-compounds C07C0051290000 with halogen-containing compounds which may be formed ; in situ C07C0051295000 with inorganic bases, e.g. by alkali fusion C07C0051305000 with sulphur or sulphur-containing compounds C07C0051310000 of cyclic compounds with ring-splitting C07C0051340000 by oxidation with ozone; by hydrolysis of ozonides C07C0051347000 by reactions not involving formation of carboxyl groups C07C0051353000 by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton C07C0051360000 by hydrogenation of carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds C07C0051363000 by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms C07C0051367000 by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form C07C0051373000 by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in doubly bound form C07C0051377000 by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups C07C0051380000 by decarboxylation C07C0051410000 Preparation of salts of carboxylic acids by conversion of the acids or their salts into salts with the same carboxylic acid part (preparation of soap C11D);; C07C0051420000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0051430000 by change of the physical state, e.g. crystallisation C07C0051440000 by distillation C07C0051460000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0051470000 by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption C07C0051480000 by liquid-liquid treatment C07C0051487000 by treatment giving rise to chemical modification (by chemisorption C07C0051470000);; C07C0051493000 whereby carboxylic acid esters are formed C07C0051500000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0051540000 Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides (by oxidation C07C0051160000);; C07C0051560000 from organic acids, their salts, or their esters C07C0051567000 by reactions not involving the carboxylic acid anhydride group C07C0051573000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0051580000 Preparation of carboxylic acid halides C07C0051600000 by conversion of carboxylic acids or their anhydrides into halides with the same carboxylic acid part C07C0051620000 by reactions not involving the carboxylic acid halide group C07C0051640000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0053000000 Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or hydrogen C07C0053020000 Formic acid C07C0053040000 Preparation from carbon monoxide C07C0053060000 Salts thereof C07C0053080000 Acetic acid (pyroligneous acid C10C;preparation of vinegar C12J) C07C0053100000 Salts thereof C07C0053120000 Acetic anhydride (ketene C07C0049200000);; C07C0053122000 Propionic acid C07C0053124000 Acids containing four carbon atoms C07C0053126000 Acids containing more than four carbon atoms C07C0053128000 the carboxyl group being bound to a carbon atom bound to at least two other carbon atoms, e.g. neo-acids C07C0053132000 containing rings C07C0053134000 monocyclic C07C0053136000 containing condensed ring systems C07C0053138000 containing an adamantane ring system C07C0053150000 containing halogen C07C0053160000 Halogenated acetic acids C07C0053180000 containing fluorine C07C0053190000 Acids containing three or more carbon atoms C07C0053210000 containing fluorine C07C0053230000 containing rings C07C0053380000 Acyl halides C07C0053400000 Acetyl halides C07C0053420000 of acids containing three or more carbon atoms C07C0053440000 containing rings C07C0053460000 containing halogen outside the carbonyl halide group C07C0053480000 Halogenated acetyl halides C07C0053500000 of acids containing three or more carbon atoms C07C0055000000 Saturated compounds having more than one carboxyl group bound to acyclic carbon atoms (cyclic anhydrides C07D);; C07C0055020000 Dicarboxylic acids C07C0055060000 Oxalic acid C07C0055070000 Salts thereof C07C0055080000 Malonic acid C07C0055100000 Succinic acid C07C0055120000 Glutaric acid C07C0055140000 Adipic acid C07C0055160000 Pimelic acid C07C0055180000 Azelaic acid C07C0055200000 Sebacic acid C07C0055210000 Dicarboxylic acids having twelve carbon atoms C07C0055220000 Tricarboxylic acids C07C0055240000 containing more than three carboxyl groups C07C0055260000 containing rings C07C0055280000 monocyclic C07C0055300000 containing condensed ring systems C07C0055320000 containing halogen C07C0055340000 containing rings C07C0055360000 Acyl halides C07C0055380000 containing rings C07C0055400000 containing halogen outside the carbonyl halide group C07C0057000000 Unsaturated compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms (cyclic anhydrides C07D);; C07C0057020000 with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation C07C0057030000 Monocarboxylic acids C07C0057040000 Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid C07C0057045000 Preparation by oxidation in the liquid phase C07C0057050000 Preparation by oxidation in the gaseous phase C07C0057055000 starting from unsaturated aldehydes C07C0057065000 Preparation by splitting-off H; X, X being halogen, OR, or NR2, R being hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group C07C0057070000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0057075000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0057080000 Crotonic acid C07C0057100000 Sorbic acid C07C0057120000 Straight chain carboxylic acids containing eighteen carbon atoms C07C0057130000 Dicarboxylic acids C07C0057145000 Maleic acid C07C0057150000 Fumaric acid C07C0057155000 Citraconic acid C07C0057160000 Muconic acid C07C0057180000 with only carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as unsaturation C07C0057200000 Propiolic acid C07C0057220000 Acetylene dicarboxylic acid C07C0057240000 Diacetylene or polyacetylene dicarboxylic acids C07C0057260000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0057280000 containing an adamantane ring system C07C0057300000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0057320000 Phenylacetic acid C07C0057340000 containing more than one carboxyl group C07C0057360000 Phenylmalonic acid C07C0057380000 polycyclic C07C0057400000 containing condensed ring systems C07C0057420000 having unsaturation outside the rings C07C0057440000 Cinnamic acid C07C0057460000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings, e.g. cyclohexylphenylacetic acid C07C0057480000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0057500000 containing condensed ring systems C07C0057520000 containing halogen C07C0057540000 Halogenated acrylic or methacrylic acids C07C0057560000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0057580000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0057600000 having unsaturation outside the rings C07C0057620000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0057640000 Acyl halides C07C0057660000 with only carbon-to-carbon double bonds as unsaturation C07C0057680000 with only carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as unsaturation C07C0057700000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0057720000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0057740000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0057760000 containing halogen outside the carbonyl halide groups C07C0059000000 Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and containing any of the groups OH, O-metal, CHO, keto, ether, , , or groups(cyclic anhydrides C07D);; C07C0059010000 Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0059060000 Glycolic acid C07C0059080000 Lactic acid C07C0059100000 Polyhydroxy carboxylic acids C07C0059105000 having five or more carbon atoms, e.g. aldonic acids C07C0059110000 containing rings C07C0059115000 containing halogen C07C0059125000 Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0059130000 containing rings C07C0059135000 containing halogen C07C0059147000 Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing ; CHO groups C07C0059153000 Glyoxylic acid C07C0059185000 Saturated compounds having only one carboxyl group and containing keto groups C07C0059190000 Pyruvic acid C07C0059195000 Acetoacetic acid C07C0059205000 containing rings C07C0059210000 containing halogen C07C0059215000 containing singly bound oxygen-containing groups C07C0059225000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0059235000 Saturated compounds having more than one carboxyl group C07C0059245000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0059255000 Tartaric acid C07C0059265000 Citric acid C07C0059285000 Polyhydroxy dicarboxylic acids having five or more carbon atoms, e.g. saccharic acids C07C0059290000 containing rings C07C0059295000 containing halogen C07C0059305000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0059310000 containing rings C07C0059315000 containing halogen C07C0059325000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0059347000 containing keto groups C07C0059353000 containing rings C07C0059400000 Unsaturated compounds C07C0059420000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0059440000 Ricinoleic acid C07C0059460000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0059480000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0059500000 Mandelic acid C07C0059520000 a hydroxy or O-metal group being bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0059540000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0059560000 containing halogen C07C0059580000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0059600000 the non-carboxylic part of the ether being unsaturated C07C0059620000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0059640000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0059660000 the non-carboxylic part of the ether containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0059680000 the oxygen atom of the ether group being bound to a non-condensed six-membered aromatic ring C07C0059700000 Ethers of hydroxy-acetic acid C07C0059720000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0059740000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0059760000 containing keto groups C07C0059800000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0059820000 the keto group being part of a ring C07C0059840000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0059860000 containing six-membered aromatic rings and other rings C07C0059880000 containing halogen C07C0059900000 containing singly bound oxygen-containing groups C07C0059920000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0061000000 Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings (cyclic anhydrides C07D);; C07C0061040000 Saturated compounds having a carboxyl group bound to a three- or four-membered ring C07C0061060000 Saturated compounds having a carboxyl group bound to a five-membered ring C07C0061080000 Saturated compounds having a carboxyl group bound to a six-membered ring C07C0061090000 Completely hydrogenated benzenedicarboxylic acids C07C0061100000 Saturated compounds having a carboxyl group bound to a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0061120000 Saturated polycyclic compounds C07C0061125000 having a carboxyl group bound to a condensed ring system C07C0061130000 having two rings C07C0061135000 having three rings C07C0061150000 Saturated compounds containing halogen C07C0061160000 Unsaturated compounds C07C0061200000 having a carboxyl group bound to a five-membered ring C07C0061220000 having a carboxyl group bound to a six-membered ring C07C0061240000 Partially hydrogenated benzenedicarboxylic acids C07C0061260000 having a carboxyl group bound to a seven- to twelve-membered ring C07C0061280000 polycyclic C07C0061290000 having a carboxyl group bound to a condensed ring system C07C0061350000 having unsaturation outside the rings C07C0061370000 Chrysanthemumic acid C07C0061390000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0061400000 containing halogen C07C0062000000 Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O-metal, CHO, keto, ether, , , or groups(cyclic anhydrides C07D);; C07C0062020000 Saturated compounds containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0062040000 with a six-membered ring C07C0062060000 polycyclic C07C0062080000 Saturated compounds containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0062100000 with a six-membered ring C07C0062120000 polycyclic C07C0062140000 having a carboxyl group on a condensed ring system C07C0062160000 Saturated compounds containing ; CHO groups C07C0062180000 Saturated compounds containing keto groups C07C0062200000 with a six-membered ring C07C0062220000 polycyclic C07C0062240000 the keto group being part of a ring C07C0062260000 containing singly bound oxygen-containing groups C07C0062280000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0062300000 Unsaturated compounds C07C0062320000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0062340000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0062360000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0062380000 containing keto groups C07C0063000000 Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings (cyclin anhydrides C07D);; C07C0063040000 Monocyclic monocarboxylic acids C07C0063060000 Benzoic acid C07C0063080000 Salts thereof C07C0063100000 Halides thereof C07C0063140000 Monocyclic dicarboxylic acids C07C0063150000 all carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of the six-membered aromatic ring C07C0063160000 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid C07C0063200000 Salts thereof C07C0063220000 Halides thereof C07C0063240000 1,3-Benzenedicarboxylic acid C07C0063260000 1,4-Benzenedicarboxylic acid C07C0063280000 Salts thereof C07C0063300000 Halides thereof C07C0063307000 Monocyclic tricarboxylic acids C07C0063313000 Monocyclic acids containing more than three carboxyl groups C07C0063330000 Polycyclic acids C07C0063331000 with all carboxyl groups bound to non-condensed rings C07C0063333000 4,4'-Diphenyldicarboxylic acids C07C0063337000 with carboxyl groups bound to condensed ring systems C07C0063340000 containing two rings C07C0063360000 containing one carboxyl group C07C0063380000 containing two carboxyl groups both bound to carbon atoms of the condensed ring system C07C0063400000 containing three or more carboxyl groups all bound to carbon atoms of the condensed ring system C07C0063420000 containing three or more rings C07C0063440000 containing one carboxyl group C07C0063460000 containing two carboxyl groups both bound to carbon atoms of the condensed ring system C07C0063480000 containing three or more carboxyl groups all bound to carbon atoms of the condensed ring system C07C0063490000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0063640000 Monocyclic acids with unsaturation outside the aromatic ring C07C0063660000 Polycyclic acids with unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0063680000 containing halogen C07C0063700000 Monocarboxylic acids C07C0063720000 Polycyclic acids C07C0063740000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0065000000 Compounds having carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings and containing any of the groups OH, O-metal, CHO, keto, ether, , , or groups(cyclic anhydrides C07D);; C07C0065010000 containing hydroxy or O-metal groups C07C0065030000 Monocyclic and having all hydroxy or O-metal groups bound to the ring C07C0065050000 o-Hydroxy carboxylic acids C07C0065100000 Salicylic acid C07C0065105000 polycyclic C07C0065110000 with carboxyl groups on a condensed ring system containing two rings C07C0065150000 with carboxyl groups on a condensed ring system containing more than two rings C07C0065170000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0065190000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic ring C07C0065210000 containing ether groups, groups, groups, or groups C07C0065240000 polycyclic C07C0065260000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0065280000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0065300000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0065320000 containing keto groups C07C0065340000 polycyclic C07C0065360000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0065380000 having unsaturation outside the aromatic rings C07C0065400000 containing singly bound oxygen-containing groups C07C0065420000 containing ; CHO groups C07C0066000000 Quinone carboxylic acids (cyclic anhydrides C07D);; C07C0066020000 Anthraquinone carboxylic acids C07C0067000000 Preparation of carboxylic acid esters C07C0067020000 by interreacting ester groups, i.e. transesterification C07C0067030000 by reacting an ester group with a hydroxy group C07C0067035000 by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with saturated hydrocarbons C07C0067040000 by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides onto unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C07C0067050000 with oxidation C07C0067055000 in the presence of platinum group metals or their compounds C07C0067080000 by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds C07C0067100000 by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with ester groups or with a carbon-halogen bond (preparation from carboxylic acid halides C07C0067140000);; C07C0067110000 being mineral ester groups C07C0067120000 from unsymmetrical anhydrides C07C0067140000 from carboxylic acid halides C07C0067160000 from carboxylic acids, esters or anhydrides wherein one oxygen atom has been replaced by a sulphur, selenium or tellurium atom C07C0067180000 by conversion of a group containing nitrogen into an ester group C07C0067200000 from amides or lactams C07C0067220000 from nitriles C07C0067240000 by reacting carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof with a carbon-to-oxygen ether bond, e.g. acetal, tetrahydrofuran C07C0067260000 with an oxirane ring C07C0067270000 from ortho-esters C07C0067280000 by modifying the hydroxylic moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group C07C0067283000 by hydrogenation of unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C07C0067287000 by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms C07C0067290000 by introduction of oxygen-containing functional groups C07C0067293000 by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton C07C0067297000 by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups C07C0067300000 by modifying the acid moiety of the ester, such modification not being an introduction of an ester group C07C0067303000 by hydrogenation of unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C07C0067307000 by introduction of halogen; by substitution of halogen atoms by other halogen atoms C07C0067310000 by introduction of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form C07C0067313000 by introduction of doubly bound oxygen containing functional groups, e.g. carboxyl groups C07C0067317000 by splitting-off hydrogen or functional groups; by hydrogenolysis of functional groups C07C0067320000 Decarboxylation C07C0067327000 by elimination of functional groups containing oxygen only in singly bound form C07C0067333000 by isomerisation; by change of size of the carbon skeleton (introduction or elimination of carboxyl groups C07C0067313000, C07C0067320000);; C07C0067340000 Migration of groups in the molecule C07C0067343000 by increase in the number of carbon atoms C07C0067347000 by addition to unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C07C0067360000 by reaction with carbon monoxide or formates (C07C0067020000, C07C0067030000, C07C0067100000 take precedence);; C07C0067370000 by reaction of ethers with carbon monoxide C07C0067380000 by addition to an unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bond C07C0067390000 by oxidation of groups which are precursors for the acid moiety of the ester C07C0067400000 by oxidation of primary alcohols C07C0067420000 by oxidation of secondary alcohols or ketones C07C0067440000 by oxidation-reduction of aldehydes, e.g. Tishchenko reaction C07C0067460000 from ketenes or polyketenes C07C0067465000 by oligomerisation C07C0067470000 by telomerisation (macromolecular compounds C08);; C07C0067475000 by splitting of carbon-to-carbon bonds and redistribution, e.g. disproportionation or migration of groups between different molecules C07C0067480000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0067520000 by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation C07C0067540000 by distillation C07C0067560000 by solid-liquid treatment; by chemisorption C07C0067580000 by liquid-liquid treatment C07C0067600000 by treatment giving rise to chemical modification (by chemisorption C07C0067560000);; C07C0067620000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0068000000 Preparation of esters of carbonic or haloformic acids C07C0068020000 from phosgene or haloformates C07C0068040000 from carbon dioxide or inorganic carbonates C07C0068060000 from organic carbonates C07C0068080000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0069000000 Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids (ortho esters, see the relevant groups, e.g. C07C0043320000);; C07C0069003000 Esters of saturated alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0069007000 Esters of unsaturated alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0069010000 Vinyl esters C07C0069013000 Esters of alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069017000 Esters of hydroxy compounds having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069020000 Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen C07C0069025000 esterified with unsaturated alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0069030000 esterified with alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069035000 esterified with a hydroxy compound having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069040000 Formic acid esters C07C0069060000 of monohydroxylic compounds C07C0069070000 of unsaturated alcohols C07C0069080000 of dihydroxylic compounds C07C0069100000 of trihydroxylic compounds C07C0069120000 Acetic acid esters C07C0069140000 of monohydroxylic compounds C07C0069145000 of unsaturated alcohols C07C0069150000 Vinyl acetate C07C0069155000 Allyl acetate C07C0069157000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0069160000 of dihydroxylic compounds C07C0069180000 of trihydroxylic compounds C07C0069210000 of hydroxy compounds with more than three hydroxy groups (esters of sugars C07H);; C07C0069220000 having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety C07C0069240000 esterified with monohydroxylic compounds C07C0069260000 Synthetic waxes C07C0069280000 esterified with dihydroxylic compounds C07C0069300000 esterified with trihydroxylic compounds (fats, oils C11B, C11C);; C07C0069330000 esterified with hydroxy compounds having more than three hydroxy groups (esters of sugars C07H);; C07C0069340000 Esters of acyclic saturated polycarboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0069347000 esterified with unsaturated alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0069353000 esterified with a hydroxy compound having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069360000 Oxalic acid esters C07C0069380000 Malonic acid esters C07C0069400000 Succinic acid esters C07C0069420000 Glutaric acid esters C07C0069440000 Adipic acid esters C07C0069460000 Pimelic acid esters C07C0069480000 Azelaic acid esters C07C0069500000 Sebacic acid esters C07C0069520000 Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids having the esterified carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0069527000 of unsaturated hydroxy compounds C07C0069533000 Monocarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond C07C0069540000 Acrylic acid esters; Methacrylic acid esters C07C0069560000 Crotonic acid esters; Vinyl acetic acid esters C07C0069580000 Esters of straight chain acids with eighteen carbon atoms in the acid moiety C07C0069587000 Monocarboxylic acid esters having at least two carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0069593000 Dicarboxylic acid esters having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond C07C0069600000 Maleic acid esters; Fumaric acid esters C07C0069602000 Dicarboxylic acid esters having at least two carbon-to-carbon double bonds C07C0069604000 Polycarboxylic acid esters, the acid moiety containing more than two carboxyl groups C07C0069606000 having only carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as unsaturation in the carboxylic acid moiety C07C0069608000 Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom and having a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring in the acid moiety C07C0069612000 Esters of carboxylic acids having a carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom and having a six-membered aromatic ring in the acid moiety C07C0069614000 of phenylacetic acid C07C0069616000 polycyclic C07C0069618000 having unsaturation outside the six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069620000 Halogen-containing esters (haloformic acid esters C07C0069960000);; C07C0069630000 of saturated acids C07C0069635000 containing rings in the acid moiety C07C0069650000 of unsaturated acids C07C0069653000 Acrylic acid esters; Methacrylic acid esters; Haloacrylic acid esters; Halomethacrylic acid esters C07C0069657000 Maleic acid esters; Fumaric acid esters; Halomaleic acid esters; Halofumaric acid esters C07C0069660000 Esters of carboxylic acids having esterified carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and having any of the groups OH, O-metal, ; CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, , , or in the acid moiety C07C0069670000 of saturated acids C07C0069675000 of saturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0069680000 Lactic acid esters C07C0069700000 Tartaric acid esters C07C0069704000 Citric acid esters C07C0069708000 Ethers C07C0069712000 the hydroxy group of the ester being etherified with a hydroxy compound having the hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069716000 Esters of keto-carboxylic acids C07C0069720000 Acetoacetic acid esters C07C0069730000 of unsaturated acids C07C0069732000 of unsaturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0069734000 Ethers C07C0069736000 the hydroxy group of the ester being etherified with a hydroxy compound having the hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069738000 Esters of keto-carboxylic acids C07C0069740000 Esters of carboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069743000 of acids with a three-membered ring and with unsaturation outside the ring C07C0069747000 Chrysanthemumic acid esters C07C0069750000 of acids with a six-membered ring C07C0069753000 of polycyclic acids C07C0069757000 having any of the groups OH, O-metal, ; CHO, keto, ether, acyloxy, , , or in the acid moiety C07C0069760000 Esters of carboxylic acids having an esterified carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069767000 esterified with unsaturated alcohols having the esterified hydroxy group bound to an acyclic carbon atom C07C0069773000 esterified with a hydroxy compound having the esterified hydroxy group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069780000 Benzoic acid esters C07C0069800000 Phthalic acid esters C07C0069820000 Terephthalic acid esters C07C0069830000 of unsaturated alcohols C07C0069840000 of monocyclic hydroxy-carboxylic acids, the hydroxy groups and the carboxyl groups of which are bound to carbon atoms of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0069860000 with esterified hydroxyl groups C07C0069880000 with esterified carboxyl groups C07C0069900000 with esterified hydroxyl and carboxyl groups C07C0069920000 with etherified hydroxyl groups C07C0069940000 of polycyclic hydroxy-carboxylic acids, the hydroxy groups and the carboxyl groups of which are bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings C07C0069950000 Esters of quinone carboxylic acids C07C0069960000 Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids C07C0071000000 Esters of oxyacids of halogens C07C0076000000 Preparation of nitro or nitroso compounds or esters of nitric or nitrous acids C07C0076020000 Nitro compounds C07C0076040000 Esters of nitric acid C07C0076060000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation C07C0077000000 Esters of nitric acid or nitrous acid C07C0077020000 Esters of nitric acid C07C0077040000 Glycerol trinitrate C07C0079000000 Nitro compounds (esters of nitric acid C07C0077020000);; C07C0079020000 Nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079040000 Acyclic saturated nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079060000 Acyclic unsaturated nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079080000 Cycloaliphatic nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079100000 Aromatic nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079120000 Halogenated nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079160000 Nitro-hydroxy compounds; Esters or ethers thereof C07C0079180000 Acyclic nitro-hydroxy compounds; Esters thereof C07C0079200000 Cycloaliphatic nitro-hydroxy compounds; Esters thereof C07C0079220000 Aromatic nitro-hydroxy compounds; Esters thereof C07C0079240000 with all the hydroxyl and nitro groups attached directly to an aromatic nucleus; Esters thereof C07C0079260000 monocyclic mono-nitro phenols; Esters thereof C07C0079280000 monocyclic di-nitro phenols; Esters thereof C07C0079300000 monocyclic tri-nitro phenols; Esters thereof C07C0079320000 containing halogen; Esters thereof C07C0079340000 Ethers of nitro-hydroxy compounds C07C0079343000 of acyclic nitro-hydroxy compounds C07C0079347000 of cycloaliphatic nitro-hydroxy compounds C07C0079350000 of aromatic nitro-hydroxy compounds C07C0079355000 with unsaturated alcohols C07C0079360000 Nitro-aldehydes; Nitro-ketones C07C0079370000 Nitro-anthraquinones C07C0079380000 Nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079400000 Aliphatic nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079410000 Saturated acids; Esters thereof C07C0079420000 Nitro-acetic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079430000 Unsaturated acids; Esters thereof C07C0079440000 Cycloaliphatic nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079460000 Aromatic nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079480000 Nitro-salicylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0081000000 Nitroso compounds (esters of nitrous acid C07C0077000000);; C07C0081020000 Nitroso-hydrocarbons C07C0081040000 Nitroso-hydroxy compounds C07C0081050000 Nitroso-phenols C07C0081060000 Nitroso-aldehydes; Nitroso-ketones C07C0081080000 Nitroso-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0083000000 Hydroxylamino compounds (oximes C07C0131000000);; C07C0083020000 Hydroxylamino hydrocarbons C07C0083040000 Hydroxylamino hydroxy compounds C07C0083060000 Hydroxylamino aldehydes; Hydroxylamino ketones C07C0083080000 Hydroxylamino carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0083100000 Compounds containing a group, e.g. hydroxamic acids or derivatives thereof C07C0085000000 Preparation of amines; Preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0085020000 by reaction of compounds containing replaceable groups with ammonia or amines C07C0085040000 of halogenated compounds with ammonia or amines C07C0085060000 of hydroxyl-containing compounds with ammonia or amines C07C0085080000 by reductive alkylation of ammonia or amines with carbonyl compounds C07C0085110000 by reduction of nitrogen-to-oxygen or nitrogen-to-nitrogen bonds C07C0085120000 by reduction of carboxylic acid amides or nitriles C07C0085145000 by rearrangement reactions C07C0085147000 from carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof involving a Hofmann, Curtius, Schmidt or Lossen type of rearrangement C07C0085153000 from or via amides C07C0085180000 by condensation or addition reactions, e.g. Mannich reaction, addition of ammonia or amines to alkenes or to alkynes or of compounds containing an active hydrogen atom to Schiff's bases, quinone imines or aziranes C07C0085200000 by cleaving carbon-to-nitrogen or sulphur-to-nitrogen bonds, e.g. hydrolysis of amides, N-dealkylation of amines or quaternary ammonium compounds (C07C0085145000 takes precedence);; C07C0085220000 from or via metallo-organic compounds C07C0085240000 from amines by reactions not modifying the amino group, e.g. reduction of unsaturated amines, aromatisation, substitution of the carbon skeleton C07C0085260000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0087000000 Primary, secondary, or tertiary amines; Quarternary ammonium compounds C07C0087020000 with aliphatically or cycloaliphatically bound nitrogen C07C0087040000 Acyclic saturated amines C07C0087060000 Monoamines C07C0087080000 Mono-, di-, or tri-methylamine C07C0087100000 Mono-, di-, or tri-ethylamine C07C0087120000 Alkylamines containing only n- or iso-propyl groups C07C0087123000 Amines containing one, two, or three alkyl groups, each having the same number of carbon atoms in excess of three C07C0087127000 Amines containing alkyl groups with differing numbers of carbon atoms C07C0087140000 Diamines C07C0087160000 Ethylene diamines C07C0087180000 Propylene diamines C07C0087200000 Amines containing 3 or more amino groups C07C0087220000 Amines containing halogen, nitro groups, or nitroso groups (N-nitramines, N-nitrosamines C07C0111000000);; C07C0087240000 Acyclic unsaturated amines C07C0087260000 Unsaturated halogenated amines C07C0087280000 Aralkylamines C07C0087290000 Aralkenylamines, e.g. styrylamines C07C0087300000 Quaternary compounds with aliphatically bound nitrogen C07C0087320000 Saturated amines containing rings C07C0087340000 Monocyclic C07C0087360000 Cyclohexylamines C07C0087380000 Cycloalkanpolyamines C07C0087400000 Polycyclic C07C0087420000 Completely hydrogenated amino indanes C07C0087440000 Amino decahydronaphthalenes C07C0087450000 Unsaturated amines containing at least one ring which is not a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0087451000 monocyclic C07C0087452000 with a six-membered ring C07C0087453000 polycyclic C07C0087455000 containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0087457000 containing a condensed ring system formed by two rings C07C0087458000 containing a condensed ring system formed by three rings C07C0087459000 containing a dibenzocycloheptene ring system; Spiro-condensed derivatives thereof C07C0087460000 Quaternary compounds of cycloaliphatic amines C07C0087470000 containing the adamantane ring system C07C0087480000 with aromatically bound nitrogen C07C0087500000 with one or more monocyclic rings bound to nitrogen C07C0087520000 Aniline C07C0087540000 Diphenylamine C07C0087560000 Toluidines; Homologues thereof C07C0087580000 Phenylene diamines C07C0087600000 containing halogen, nitro groups or nitroso groups (N-nitramines, N-nitrosamines C07C0111000000);; C07C0087620000 N-alkylated amines C07C0087640000 with one or more condensed ring systems bound to nitrogen C07C0087660000 Naphthylamines C07C0087680000 Quaternary compounds of amines with aromatically bound nitrogen C07C0089000000 Preparation of hydroxy amines C07C0089020000 by reacting olefin oxides or halohydrins with ammonia or amines C07C0089040000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0091000000 Primary, secondary, or tertiary hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0091020000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxy group and at least one amino group are aliphatically or cycloaliphatically bound to the same carbon skeleton; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0091040000 Alkanolamines C07C0091060000 N-alkyl, N-cycloalkyl, or N-aryl alkanolamines C07C0091080000 N-Aminoalkyl alkanolamines C07C0091100000 Aminoalkanpolyols, i.e. polyhydroxy monoamino-alkanes having the amino group and the hydroxy groups aliphatically bound to the same carbon skeleton C07C0091120000 Polyamine alkanols, i.e. mono- or polyhydroxy polyamino-alkanes having the amino groups and one or more hydroxy groups aliphatically bound to the same carbon skeleton C07C0091140000 in which one or more cycloaliphatic satured rings constitute, or form part of, the carbon skeleton C07C0091150000 the carbon skeleton being unsaturated C07C0091160000 the carbon skeleton containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0091180000 containing more than one hydroxy group aliphatically bound to the carbon skeleton C07C0091200000 1-Phe yl-2-amino-1,3-propanediol C07C0091220000 Aminoalkyl phenyl alkanols; Aminoalkyl phenyl alkanolamines C07C0091230000 containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0091260000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0091280000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxy group is aromatically bound and at least one amino group is aliphatically or cycloaliphatically bound to the same carbon skeleton; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0091300000 Aminoalkyl phenols C07C0091320000 containing more than one phenolic hydroxy group bound to the carbon skeleton C07C0091340000 Hydroxy-aminoalkyl phenols C07C0091360000 Adrenaline C07C0091380000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0091400000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxy group is aliphatically or cycloaliphatically bound and at least one amino group is aromatically bound to the same carbon skeleton; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0091420000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxy group and at least one amino group are aromatically bound to the same carbon skeleton; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0091440000 Aminophenols C07C0091460000 Aminonaphthols C07C0091480000 Aminohydroxyanthracenes C07C0091500000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0093000000 Ethers or esters of hydroxy amines C07C0093020000 Ethers of acyclic saturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093040000 Alkyl ethers C07C0093060000 Aryl ethers C07C0093080000 Aralkyl ethers, e.g. dialkylaminoalkyl ethers of benzhydrol C07C0093100000 Ethers of acyclic unsaturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093120000 Ethers of cycloaliphatic hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093140000 Ethers of hydroxy amines, the hydroxy amines having aromatically bound hydroxy- or amino-groups; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093160000 Esters of acyclic saturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093180000 with aliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0093187000 with saturated acids C07C0093193000 with unsaturated acids C07C0093197000 with cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0093200000 with aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0093220000 Esters of acyclic unsaturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093227000 with saturated acids C07C0093233000 with unsaturated acids C07C0093240000 Esters of cycloaliphatic hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093260000 Esters of hydroxy amines, the hydroxy amines having aromatically bound hydroxy- or amino-groups; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0095000000 Compounds containing amino or quaternary ammonium, together with aldehydo groups; Hydroxy derivatives or their ethers or esters C07C0095020000 Aliphatic compounds C07C0095060000 Cycloaliphatic compounds C07C0095080000 Aromatic compounds C07C0097000000 Compounds containing amino or quaternary ammonium, together with ketonic groups; Hydroxy derivatives or their ethers or esters C07C0097020000 Aliphatic compounds C07C0097030000 with carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the carbon skeleton of the aminoketone C07C0097060000 Cycloaliphatic compounds C07C0097065000 with keto groups in side chain only C07C0097070000 with keto groups forming part of a ring C07C0097100000 Aromatic compounds C07C0097160000 Colchicine C07C0097180000 Amino quinones C07C0097200000 Amino benzoquinones C07C0097220000 Amino naphthoquinones C07C0097240000 Amino anthraquinones C07C0097260000 Amino hydroxy anthraquinones C07C0099000000 Preparation of amino carboxylic acids C07C0099020000 from proteins (protein hydrolysates for foodstuffs A23J);; C07C0099040000 from lactones C07C0099060000 from lactams C07C0099080000 from hydantoins C07C0099100000 from amino nitriles; from malonic acids or derivatives thereof C07C0099120000 Separation; Purification C07C0101000000 Compounds containing amino or quaternary ammonium, together with carboxylic groups; Esters thereof; Hydroxy, aldehydo or ketonic derivatives thereof including their ethers or esters C07C0101020000 Amino carboxylic acids with aliphatically or cycloaliphatically bound nitrogen and carboxyl C07C0101040000 Monoamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101060000 Glycine C07C0101080000 Alanines C07C0101100000 Halogenated or nitrated derivatives C07C0101120000 N-alkyl derivatives C07C0101140000 N-cycloalkyl derivatives C07C0101160000 N-aryl derivatives C07C0101180000 Esters of aliphatic saturated monoamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101190000 with hydroxy aryl compounds C07C0101200000 Monoamino polycarboxylic acids C07C0101220000 Aspartic acid; Glutamic acid C07C0101240000 Polyamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101260000 Polyamino polycarboxylic acids C07C0101280000 Unsaturated amino carboxylic acids C07C0101300000 Hydroxy amino carboxylic acids C07C0101320000 Phenylserines C07C0101340000 Amino carboxylic acids aldehydes or ketones C07C0101360000 with cycloaliphatically-bound nitrogen and carboxyl C07C0101380000 Unsaturated C07C0101400000 containing hydroxy or aldehyde or ketonic groups C07C0101420000 Amino carboxylic acids with aliphatically-bound nitrogen and aromatically-bound carboxyl C07C0101440000 Amino carboxylic acids with aromatically-bound nitrogen and aliphatically-bound carboxyl C07C0101447000 Saturated acids C07C0101453000 Unsaturated acids C07C0101460000 Amino cinnamic acid C07C0101480000 Amino carboxylic acids with both amino and carboxyl aromatically bound C07C0101500000 Monoamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101520000 deriving from benzene C07C0101540000 o- or m-amino benzoic acid C07C0101560000 p-amino benzoic acid C07C0101580000 Halogenated or nitrated p-amino benzoic acids C07C0101600000 N-substituted p-amino benzoic acids C07C0101620000 Esters thereof C07C0101640000 deriving from homologues of benzene C07C0101660000 Monoamino polycarboxylic acids deriving from benzene C07C0101680000 Polyamino carboxylic acids deriving from benzene C07C0101700000 Amino naphthoic acids C07C0101720000 Aromatic hydroxy amino carboxylic acids C07C0101740000 Amino salicylic acids C07C0101760000 Amino hydroxy naphthoic acids C07C0101770000 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine C07C0101780000 Aromatic amino carboxylic acid aldehydes or ketones C07C0101800000 Amino anthraquinone carboxylic acids C07C0102000000 Preparation of carboxylic acid amides C07C0102020000 from ketones C07C0102040000 from acids C07C0102060000 from esters C07C0102080000 from nitriles C07C0102100000 from or via oximes by Beckmann rearrangement C07C0103000000 Carboxylic acid amides (N-acylated hydroxylamino compounds C07C0083100000);; C07C0103100000 Amides of aliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0103120000 of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids C07C0103127000 of saturated acids C07C0103133000 of unsaturated acids C07C0103140000 of aliphatic polycarboxylic acids C07C0103147000 of saturated acids C07C0103153000 of unsaturated acids C07C0103160000 of aliphatic hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0103167000 of saturated acids C07C0103173000 of unsaturated acids C07C0103175000 Ethers thereof C07C0103178000 with phenols, e.g. phenoxy alkanoic amides C07C0103180000 of aliphatic amino carboxylic acids C07C0103183000 of saturated acids C07C0103187000 of unsaturated acids C07C0103190000 Amides of cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids, e.g. tetracycline C07C0103200000 Amides of aromatic carboxylic acids C07C0103220000 of aromatic monocarboxylic acids C07C0103240000 of aromatic polycarboxylic acids C07C0103260000 of aromatic hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0103280000 of aromatic amino carboxylic acids C07C0103290000 of aromatic hydroxy amino carboxylic acids C07C0103300000 N-substituted carboxylic acid amides C07C0103320000 of acyclic saturated carboxylic acids C07C0103340000 in which the substituent groups are hydrocarbon groups or substituted hydrocarbon groups C07C0103360000 Dimethyl formamide C07C0103365000 at least one hydrocarbon group being unsaturated C07C0103370000 at least one hydrocarbon group being cycloaliphatic C07C0103375000 in which at least one substituent group is a substituted hydrocarbon group C07C0103380000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by OH or SH; Ethers or esters thereof C07C0103400000 The N-dichloracetyl derivative of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-amino-1,3- propanediol, i. e. chloramphenicol C07C0103420000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by aldehydo or keto groups C07C0103440000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by NH 2 or substituted NH2 groups(polyacylamines C07C0103870000);; C07C0103460000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by COOH groups; Esters thereof C07C0103480000 the hydrocarbon groups being acyclic C07C0103490000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by CONH2 groups C07C0103500000 Amides of acyclic saturated amino carboxylic acids C07C0103520000 Peptides (including peptides which contain isocyclic and heterocyclic groups); C07C0103540000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0103560000 of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids C07C0103580000 in which the substituent groups are hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon groups C07C0103600000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by OH or SH; Ethers and esters of these compounds C07C0103620000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by aldehydo or ketonic groups C07C0103640000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by NH 2 or substituted NH2 groups(polyacylamines C07C0103870000);; C07C0103660000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by COOH groups; Esters of these compounds C07C0103680000 Amides of acyclic unsaturated amino carboxylic acids C07C0103700000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0103720000 N-halogenated amides of acyclic carboxylic acids C07C0103727000 of saturated acids C07C0103733000 of unsaturated acids C07C0103737000 of cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids (C07C0103520000 takes precedence);; C07C0103750000 of aromatic carboxylic acids (C07C0103520000 takes precedence);; C07C0103760000 in which the substituent groups are hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon groups C07C0103780000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by OH or SH; Ethers and esters of these compounds C07C0103800000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by aldehydo or ketonic groups C07C0103820000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by NH 2 or substituted NH2 groups(polyacylamines C07C0103870000);; C07C0103840000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by COOH groups; Esters of these compounds C07C0103850000 of hydroxy amino carboxylic acids C07C0103870000 Polyacylamines derived from polyamines with more than three nitrogen atoms, e.g. acylated polyamines or polyalkylene imines (acylated polymeric amines or imines with more than ten monomer units C08G0073020000);; C07C0103880000 in which the second hydrogen atom of the amide groups is also replaced by an acyl group C07C0103900000 of saturated acids C07C0103920000 of unsaturated acids C07C0105000000 Azoxy compounds C07C0107000000 Azo compounds; Compounds containing chains of three or more nitrogen atoms with one or more nitrogen-to-nitrogen double bonds, e.g. triazenes, tetrazenes C07C0107020000 aliphatic C07C0107040000 aromatic C07C0107060000 Azo benzenes C07C0107080000 Azo naphthalenes C07C0109000000 Organic derivatives of hydrazines C07C0109020000 Aliphatic hydrazines C07C0109040000 Aromatic hydrazines C07C0109060000 Carboxylic acid hydrazides C07C0109080000 of aliphatic acids C07C0109087000 of saturated acids C07C0109093000 of unsaturated acids C07C0109097000 of aliphatic amino carboxylic acids C07C0109100000 of aromatic acids C07C0109120000 Hydrazones C07C0109140000 of aliphatic CO compounds C07C0109160000 of aromatic CO compounds C07C0109180000 containing one or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07C0111000000 N-nitramines; N-nitrosamines C07C0113000000 Diazo compounds; Diazonium compounds C07C0113020000 Diazo methane and its derivatives C07C0113040000 Diazonium compounds C07C0115000000 Diazo-amino compounds C07C0117000000 Azides C07C0117020000 Carboxylic acid azides C07C0117040000 of saturated acids C07C0117060000 of unsaturated acids C07C0117080000 Azido carboxylic acids C07C0118000000 Preparation of isocyanates C07C0118020000 by reaction of amines with phosgene C07C0118040000 from or via nitrogen-containing derivatives of carboxylic acids, e.g. hydroxamic acids, involving a Hofmann, Curtius or Lossen type of rearrangement (C07C0085147000 takes precedence);; C07C0118060000 by catalytic reaction of nitro compounds with carbon monoxide C07C0119000000 Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds (hydrazones C07C0109120000;amidines, hydrazidines C07C0123000000; isoureas C07C0127260000; guanidine and its derivatives C07C0129000000; oximes C07C0131000000; semi-carbazones C07C0133000000) C07C0119020000 Isonitriles C07C0119042000 Isocyanates C07C0119045000 cycloaliphatic C07C0119048000 aromatic C07C0119055000 Carbodiimides C07C0119060000 Imides of CO compounds, e.g. Schiff's bases C07C0119080000 of aliphatic aldehydes C07C0119100000 of aromatic aldehydes C07C0119120000 of aliphatic ketones C07C0119140000 of aromatic ketones C07C0119160000 Carboxylic acid imide ethers or halides C07C0119180000 aliphatic C07C0119200000 aromatic C07C0120000000 Preparation of carboxylic acid nitriles C07C0120020000 by addition of hydrogen cyanide to unsaturated compounds C07C0120040000 by reacting compounds containing halogen with cyanides C07C0120060000 by reacting alcohols, esters, ethers or lactones with cyanides C07C0120080000 by reacting carboxylic acids with ammonia C07C0120100000 by dehydration of carboxylic acid amides C07C0120120000 by phosphorus halides, e.g. Brown reaction C07C0120140000 by ammoxidation of hydrocarbons C07C0121000000 Carboxylic acid nitriles C07C0121140000 Acyclic saturated nitriles C07C0121160000 Mononitriles C07C0121180000 Acetonitrile C07C0121200000 Dinitriles C07C0121220000 Malononitrile C07C0121240000 Succinonitrile C07C0121260000 Adiponitrile C07C0121280000 Polynitriles C07C0121300000 Acyclic unsaturated nitriles C07C0121320000 Acrylonitrile; Methacrylonitrile C07C0121340000 Nitriles of acyclic hydroxy-, aldehydo-, or ketonic-carboxylic acids C07C0121360000 Cyano hydrins C07C0121380000 Ethers or esters thereof C07C0121400000 Acyclic cyano carboxylic acids C07C0121407000 Saturated acids C07C0121413000 Unsaturated acids C07C0121417000 Acyclic cyano carboxylic amides C07C0121420000 Nitriles of acyclic amino carboxylic acids C07C0121430000 of saturated acids C07C0121440000 Amino acetonitrile C07C0121450000 of unsaturated acids C07C0121453000 Nitriles of acyclic amino-hydroxy carboxylic acids; Ethers thereof C07C0121457000 N-acylated C07C0121460000 Cycloaliphatic saturated nitriles C07C0121470000 Nitriles of cycloaliphatic saturated amino carboxylic acids C07C0121480000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated nitriles C07C0121500000 Monocyclic aromatic nitriles C07C0121520000 Mononitriles C07C0121540000 Dinitriles C07C0121560000 Phthalonitriles C07C0121580000 Terephthalonitriles C07C0121600000 Other aromatic nitriles C07C0121620000 Naphthonitriles C07C0121640000 Nitriles of other polycyclic aromatic carboxylic acids C07C0121660000 Araliphatic nitriles C07C0121680000 Phenyl acetonitrile C07C0121700000 with unsaturated side chain(s) C07C0121720000 Cinnamic acid nitrile C07C0121750000 Nitriles of aromatic or araliphatic hydroxy carboxylic acids; Ethers thereof C07C0121760000 Nitriles of aromatic or araliphatic aldehydo- or ketonic-carboxylic acids C07C0121780000 Nitriles of aromatic amino carboxylic acids C07C0121800000 of aromatic amino-hydroxy carboxylic acids C07C0121820000 Nitriles of hydrazino-carboxylic acids C07C0121840000 Nitriles of imino-carboxylic acids C07C0121860000 Nitriles of azido-carboxylic acids C07C0122000000 Cyanates C07C0123000000 Carboxylic acid amidines or hydrazidines C07C0123020000 Hydrazidines C07C0125000000 Organic carbamic acids; Esters thereof; Cyanamides (unsubstituted carbamic acid C01B0021120000;cyanamide C01C0003160000) C07C0125020000 Salts of carbamic acids C07C0125030000 Carbamic acid chlorides C07C0125040000 Esters of carbamic acid (urethanes) C07C0125060000 Esters of N-substituted carbamic acid C07C0125063000 having one urethane group C07C0125065000 with aliphatic carbon atoms bound to oxygen C07C0125067000 with aromatic ring carbon atoms bound to oxygen C07C0125070000 having two urethane groups C07C0125073000 with aliphatic carbon atoms bound to oxygen C07C0125075000 with aromatic ring carbon atoms bound to oxygen C07C0125077000 having three or more urethane groups C07C0125080000 Substituted cyanamides C07C0126000000 Preparation of urea C07C0126020000 from carbon dioxide and ammonia C07C0126040000 from cyanamide or calcium cyanamide C07C0126060000 from ammoniacal liquor C07C0126067000 combined with the synthesis of ammonia C07C0126073000 combined with the synthesis of melamine C07C0126080000 Purification; Crystallisation; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0126100000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07C0127000000 Derivatives of urea C07C0127010000 Salts; Complexes; Addition compounds C07C0127150000 Urea substituted by acyclic or cycloaliphatic groups C07C0127170000 Urea substituted by araliphatic groups C07C0127190000 Urea substituted by aromatic groups C07C0127220000 Acylureas C07C0127240000 Biuret; Derivatives thereof C07C0127260000 Isoureas C07C0128000000 Preparation of guanidine C07C0128020000 from cyanamide, calcium cyanamide, or dicyandiamide C07C0128040000 from ammonium thiocyanate C07C0129000000 Guanidine; Derivatives thereof C07C0129080000 Substituted guanidines (aminoguanidines C07C0133100000);; C07C0129100000 Nitroguanidine C07C0129120000 substituted by organic groups C07C0129140000 Dicyandiamide C07C0129160000 Biguanide; Derivatives thereof C07C0131000000 Oximes; Derivatives thereof; Fulminates C07C0131020000 Cycloaliphatic saturated oximes C07C0131040000 Cyclohexanone oxime C07C0131060000 Cycloheptanone oxime C07C0131080000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated oximes C07C0131100000 Cyclohexenone oxime C07C0131105000 Compounds containing a group, e.g. derivatives of hydroximic acids(hydroxamic acids, derivatives thereof C07C0083100000);; C07C0131120000 Fulminates C07C0131140000 Metal complexes of oximes C07C0133000000 Hydrazine derivatives of carbonic acid; Aminoguanidines C07C0133020000 Semicarbazides; Semicarbazones; Carbohydrazides C07C0133040000 Semicarbazones of aliphatic CO compounds C07C0133060000 Semicarbazones of cycloaliphatic CO compounds C07C0133080000 Semicarbazones of aromatic CO compounds C07C0133100000 Aminoguanidines; Guanylhydrazones C07C0133120000 Guanylhydrazones C07C0135000000 Other compounds containing carbon and nitrogen with or without hydrogen, halogens, and oxygen C07C0135020000 Amine oxides C07C0137000000 Esters of sulphurous acid (cyclic esters C07D);; C07C0137020000 Aminoalkyl sulphites C07C0139000000 Preparation of sulphates or sulphonates C07C0139020000 by reacting hydrocarbons with halogen and sulphur dioxide, or with sulphuryl halide C07C0139040000 by reacting hydrocarbons with oxygen and sulphur dioxide (sulphoxidation) C07C0139060000 by reacting hydrocarbon oil fractions with sulphuric acid C07C0139080000 by reacting sulphuric acid with aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0139100000 by reacting sulphuric acid with alcohols C07C0139120000 by addition of bisulphites to acyclic unsaturated compounds C07C0139140000 Isolation; Purification; Brightening; Neutralisation; Stabilisation C07C0139160000 from the by-products of refining mineral oils with sulphuric acid C07C0141000000 Esters of sulphuric acid (cyclic esters C07D);; C07C0141020000 Sulphates of acyclic saturated alcohols C07C0141040000 Alkyl hydrogen sulphates C07C0141060000 Dialkyl sulphates C07C0141080000 Sulphates of polyhydric alcohols C07C0141100000 Sulphates of acyclic unsaturated alcohols C07C0141120000 Sulphates of cycloaliphatic alcohols C07C0141140000 Sulphates of aromatic hydroxy compounds C07C0141160000 of mononuclear aromatic hydroxy compounds C07C0141180000 Sulphates of aromatic alcohols C07C0143000000 Sulphonic acids, their esters, halides, and amides; Sulphonated fats or fatty oils C07C0143020000 Acyclic saturated sulphonic acids C07C0143040000 Polysulphonic acids C07C0143060000 Acyclic saturated sulphonic acids substituted in the hydrocarbon chain C07C0143080000 Halogenated sulphonic acids C07C0143100000 Hydroxy sulphonic acids C07C0143110000 Ethers thereof C07C0143120000 Carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143130000 Carboxamides thereof C07C0143140000 Amino sulphonic acids C07C0143150000 Amino carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143155000 N-acylated amino sulphonic acids C07C0143160000 Acyclic unsaturated sulphonic acids C07C0143180000 Carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143200000 Cycloaliphatic saturated sulphonic acids C07C0143210000 Amino sulphonic acids C07C0143220000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated sulphonic acids C07C0143240000 Aromatic sulphonic acids C07C0143260000 Benzene sulphonic acids C07C0143280000 Alkylbenzene sulphonic acids with one or two carbon atoms in each side chain C07C0143290000 Stilbene sulphonic acids C07C0143300000 Naphthalene sulphonic acids C07C0143320000 Alkylnaphthalene sulphonic acids with 1 or 2 carbon atoms in each side chain C07C0143340000 Alkylaromatic sulphonic acids with at least three carbon atoms in at least one side chain C07C0143360000 Sulphonic acids of aromatic hydrocarbons containing more than two rings C07C0143380000 Aromatic sulphonic acids substituted in the ring or in the side chain(s) C07C0143400000 containing halogen C07C0143420000 Hydroxy sulphonic acids C07C0143440000 Sulphonated phenols C07C0143460000 Salts thereof C07C0143480000 Sulphonated naphthols C07C0143500000 Low-molecular-weight water-soluble sulphonated phenol aldehyde condensation products (tanning agents) C07C0143520000 Carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143525000 with esterified carboxyl groups C07C0143530000 Carboxamides thereof C07C0143540000 Hydroxy carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143550000 Nitro sulphonic acids C07C0143560000 Amino sulphonic acids C07C0143580000 of benzene C07C0143600000 of naphthalene C07C0143620000 of stilbene C07C0143630000 containing halogen C07C0143640000 Hydroxy amino sulphonic acids C07C0143660000 of naphthalene or its derivatives C07C0143665000 Amino anthraquinone sulphonic acids C07C0143670000 Amino carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143675000 N-acylated amino sulphonic acids C07C0143680000 Esters of sulphonic acids C07C0143700000 Halides of sulphonic acids C07C0143720000 Amides of sulphonic acids C07C0143740000 Amides of aliphatic sulphonic acids C07C0143750000 N-substituted by unsaturated hydrocarbon groups C07C0143760000 Amides of aliphatic amino sulphonic acids C07C0143770000 Amides of cycloaliphatic sulphonic acids C07C0143780000 Amides of aromatic sulphonic acids C07C0143790000 N-substituted by unsaturated hydrocarbon groups C07C0143800000 Sulphonamides of aromatic amino sulphonic acids C07C0143820000 in which the sulphonamide group is acylated C07C0143822000 N-sulphonated amino alcohols or aminophenols C07C0143825000 Sulphonyl hydrazides C07C0143828000 Sulphonyl isocyanates C07C0143830000 Sulphonyl carbamates; Sulphonyl thiocarbamates C07C0143833000 Sulphonyl ureas C07C0143837000 Sulphonyl guanidines C07C0143860000 N-substituted sulphamic acids C07C0143900000 Sulphonated fats or fatty oils C07C0145000000 Sulphinic or sulphenic acids; Derivatives thereof C07C0145020000 Sulphenic acid amides or hydrazides C07C0145040000 Sulphenyl carbamates; Sulphenyl thiocarbamates; Sulphenyl ureas; Sulphenyl guanidines C07C0147000000 Sulphones; Sulphoxides C07C0147020000 Aliphatic sulphones C07C0147040000 Alkenyl sulphones C07C0147045000 containing aldehyde groups C07C0147050000 containing carboxamide groups C07C0147060000 Aromatic sulphones C07C0147080000 S-aryl-S-alkenyl sulphones C07C0147100000 Hydroxy-aryl sulphones C07C0147103000 Aromatic sulphones containing aldehyde groups C07C0147107000 Carboxy-aryl sulphones; Esters or amides thereof C07C0147110000 Hydroxy-aryl sulphonyl carboxylic acids; Esters or amides thereof C07C0147115000 with esterified hydroxyl groups C07C0147120000 Amino-aryl sulphones C07C0147130000 Amino-aryl sulphonyl carboxylic acids; Esters or amides thereof C07C0147140000 Sulphoxides C07C0148000000 Preparation of mercaptans, thiophenols, sulphides, polysulphides, or sulphonium compounds C07C0148020000 by sulphurisation of phenols C07C0148040000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0148060000 from the by-products of refining mineral oil C07C0149000000 Mercaptans; Thiophenols; Sulphides; Polysulphides; Sulphonium compounds C07C0149060000 Acyclic saturated mercaptans C07C0149080000 Acyclic unsaturated mercaptans C07C0149100000 Acyclic sulphides C07C0149120000 Disulphides; Polysulphides C07C0149140000 Acyclic mercaptans or sulphides containing halogen, oxygen, or nitrogen atoms C07C0149160000 containing one or more halogen atoms C07C0149180000 containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0149200000 containing one or more carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof C07C0149220000 Thioglycollic acid C07C0149230000 Amides thereof C07C0149233000 Amidines thereof C07C0149237000 Nitriles thereof C07C0149240000 containing one or more amino groups (preparation from proteins C07C0099020000);; C07C0149243000 containing carboxyl groups (C07C0103520000 takes precedence);; C07C0149247000 Cysteine; Cystine; Methionine; Lanthionine C07C0149260000 Cycloaliphatic mercaptans or sulphides C07C0149280000 Thiophenols (C07C0149320000 takes precedence);; C07C0149300000 Aromatic sulphides (C07C0149320000 takes precedence);; C07C0149310000 containing unsaturated side chains C07C0149320000 Thiophenols or aromatic sulphides containing halogen, oxygen, or nitrogen atoms C07C0149340000 containing one or more halogen atoms C07C0149360000 containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0149400000 containing one or more carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof C07C0149410000 Amides thereof C07C0149415000 Nitriles thereof C07C0149420000 containing one or more amino groups C07C0149425000 N-sulphonyl derivatives thereof C07C0149430000 containing carboxyl groups (C07C0103520000 takes precedence);; C07C0149433000 containing one or more azo groups C07C0149437000 containing carbamate, urea, or guanidino groups C07C0149440000 Mercapto sulphonic acids C07C0149443000 Amides thereof C07C0149447000 containing carboxyl groups; Derivatives thereof C07C0149450000 Carboxamides thereof C07C0149453000 Amino mercapto sulphonic acids; Sulphonamides thereof C07C0149457000 Acylamino mercapto sulphonic acids; Sulphonamides thereof C07C0149460000 Sulphonium compounds C07C0151000000 Thioaldehydes; Thioketones C07C0153000000 Thiocarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof C07C0153010000 Monothiocarboxylic acids (thiolo or thiono); Salts thereof C07C0153017000 Saturated acids; Salts thereof C07C0153023000 Unsaturated acids; Salts thereof C07C0153030000 Dithiocarboxylic acids; Salts thereof C07C0153037000 Saturated acids; Salts thereof C07C0153043000 Unsaturated acids; Salts thereof C07C0153050000 Amides C07C0153057000 of saturated acids C07C0153063000 of unsaturated acids C07C0153067000 of hydroxy aryl thiocarboxylic acids C07C0153070000 Esters C07C0153090000 of saturated acids C07C0153110000 of unsaturated acids C07C0154000000 Thiocarbonic acids; Derivatives thereof (thiocarbamic acids, derivatives thereof C07C0155000000);; C07C0154020000 Dithiocarbonic acid derivatives, e.g. xanthates C07C0155000000 Thiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof C07C0155020000 Derivatives of monothiocarbamic acid C07C0155030000 containing cycloaliphatic substituents C07C0155040000 Derivatives of dithiocarbamic acid C07C0155060000 Salts thereof C07C0155080000 Esters thereof C07C0155090000 containing cycloaliphatic substituents C07C0155100000 Thiuramsulphides C07C0157000000 Thioureas C07C0157020000 Substituted thioureas C07C0157050000 by acyclic or cycloaliphatic groups C07C0157070000 by araliphatic groups C07C0157090000 by aromatic groups C07C0157120000 Acyl thioureas C07C0157130000 Thiobiuret C07C0157140000 Isothioureas C07C0159000000 Thiosemicarbazides; Thiosemicarbazones C07C0161000000 Organic compounds containing sulphur not mentioned before in this sub-class C07C0161020000 Thiocyanates C07C0161030000 containing carboxyl groups C07C0161040000 Isothiocyanates C07C0161050000 Thiosulphates C07C0161060000 Sulphur-containing diazo compounds C07C0163000000 Organic compounds containing selenium C07C0165000000 Organic compounds containing tellurium C07C0172000000 Irradiation products of cholesterol or its derivatives C07C0175000000 Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene, having an unsaturated side chain with at least four carbon atoms, e.g. vitamin A, beta-carotene, beta-ionone C07C0177000000 Compounds containing a five-membered ring having two side chains in ortho position to each other, and having oxygen atoms directly attached to the ring in ortho position to one of the side chains, one side chain containing, not directly attached to the ring, a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, and to the other side chain having oxygen atoms attached in ; -position to the ring, e.g. prostaglandins C07C0178000000 Preparation of peroxy-compounds C07C0179000000 Peroxy compounds C07C0179020000 the ; OO group being bound between a carbon atom, not further substituted by oxygen, and hydrogen, i.e. hydroperoxides C07C0179025000 the carbon atom being acyclic C07C0179030000 Compounds containing rings other than six-membered aromatic rings C07C0179035000 Compounds containing six-membered aromatic rings C07C0179040000 Cumene hydroperoxide C07C0179047000 with two alpha,alpha-dialkylmethyl hydroperoxy groups bound to benzene C07C0179053000 the carbon atom belonging to a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0179060000 the ; OO group being bound between two carbon atoms not further substituted by oxygen, i.e. peroxides C07C0179080000 at least one of the carbon atoms belonging to a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0179087000 the ; OO group being bound to a carbon atom further substituted by singly bound oxygen atoms C07C0179093000 having two ; OO groups bound to the carbon atom C07C0179100000 the ; OO group being bound between one C=O group and hydrogen, i.e. peroxy acids C07C0179120000 Peracetic acid C07C0179127000 a ; C=O group being bound to a carbon atom of a ring other than a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0179133000 a ; C=O group being bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring C07C0179140000 the ; OO group being bound between two C=O groups C07C0179150000 both belonging to carboxylic acids C07C0179160000 Diacetyl peroxide C07C0179180000 the ; OO group being bound between a C=O group and a carbon atom, not further substituted by oxygen, i.e. esters of peroxy acids C07C0179200000 containing nitrogen C07C0179220000 containing sulphur C07C0179240000 being bound to the ; OO group, e.g. persulphonic acids C07D HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS (cyclo-peptides, peptides containing proline, hydroxyproline, histidine or tryptophane C07C0103520000;steroids containing hetero rings C07J) C07D0201000000 Preparation, separation, purification, or stabilisation of unsubstituted lactams C07D0201020000 Preparation of lactams C07D0201040000 from or via oximes by Beckmann rearrangement C07D0201060000 from ketones by simultaneous oxime formation and rearrangement C07D0201080000 from carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids, lactones, nitriles C07D0201100000 from cycloaliphatic compounds by simultaneous nitrosylation and rearrangement C07D0201120000 by depolymerising polyamides C07D0201140000 Preparation of salts or adducts of lactams C07D0201160000 Separation or purification (separation of inorganic salts C01);; C07D0201180000 Stabilisation C07D0203000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing three-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0203020000 Preparation by ring-closure C07D0203040000 not condensed with other rings C07D0203060000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0203080000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0203100000 Radicals substituted by singly bound oxygen atoms C07D0203120000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0203140000 with carbocyclic rings directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0203160000 with acylated ring nitrogen atoms C07D0203180000 by carboxylic acids, or by sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof C07D0203200000 by carbonic acid, or by sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates C07D0203220000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0203240000 Sulphur atoms C07D0203260000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0205000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0205020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0205040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0205060000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0205080000 with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 2, e.g. beta -lactams C07D0205100000 having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0205120000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0207000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0207020000 with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0207040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0207060000 with radicals, containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207080000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207090000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0207100000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207120000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0207140000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0207160000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0207180000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0207200000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207220000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207240000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0207260000 2-Pyrrolidones C07D0207263000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207267000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0207270000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0207273000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207277000 Carbon atoms having three bondsd to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0207280000 2-Pyrrolidone-5- carboxylic acids; Functional derivatives thereof, e.g. esters, nitriles C07D0207300000 having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0207320000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207323000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms C07D0207325000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0207327000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0207330000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207333000 Radicals substituted by oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0207335000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0207337000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0207340000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207360000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0207380000 2-Pyrrolones C07D0207400000 2,5-Pyrrolidine-diones C07D0207404000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. succinimide C07D0207408000 Radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207412000 Acyclic radicals containing more than six carbon atoms C07D0207416000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207420000 Nitro radicals C07D0207440000 having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0207444000 having two doubly-bound oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 5 C07D0207448000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. maleimide C07D0207452000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0207456000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0207460000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0207480000 Sulphur atoms C07D0207500000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0209000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings, condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0209020000 condensed with one carbocyclic ring C07D0209040000 Indoles; Hydrogenated indoles C07D0209060000 Preparation of indole from coal-tar C07D0209080000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0209100000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0209120000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0209140000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms, not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0209160000 Tryptamines C07D0209180000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0209200000 substituted additionally by nitrogen atoms, e.g. tryptophane (peptides C07C0103520000);; C07D0209220000 with an aralkyl radical attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0209240000 with an alkyl or cycloalkyl radical attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0209260000 with an acyl radical attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0209280000 1-(4-Chlorobenzoyl)- 2-methyl-indolyl-3-acetic acid, substituted in position 5 by an oxygen or nitrogen atom; Esters thereof C07D0209300000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0209320000 Oxygen atoms C07D0209340000 in position 2 C07D0209360000 in position 3, e.g. adrenochrome C07D0209380000 in positions 2 and 3, e.g. isatin C07D0209400000 Nitrogen atoms, not forming part of a nitro radical, e.g. adenochrome semicarbazone C07D0209420000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0209440000 Iso-indoles; Hydrogenated iso-indoles C07D0209460000 with an oxygen atom in position 1 C07D0209480000 with oxygen atoms in positions 1 and 3, e.g. phthalimide C07D0209500000 with oxygen and nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0209520000 condensed with a ring other than six-membered C07D0209540000 Spiro-condensed C07D0209560000 Ring systems containing three or more rings C07D0209580000 [b]- or [c]-condensed C07D0209600000 Naphtho [b] pyrroles; Hydrogenated naphtho [b] pyrroles C07D0209620000 Naphtho [c] pyrroles; Hydrogenated naphtho [c] pyrroles C07D0209640000 with an oxygen atom in position 1 C07D0209660000 with oxygen atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0209680000 with oxygen and nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0209700000 containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered C07D0209720000 4,7-Endo-alkylene-iso-indoles C07D0209740000 with an oxygen atom in position 1 C07D0209760000 with oxygen atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0209780000 with oxygen and nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0209800000 [b, c]- or [b, d]-condensed C07D0209820000 Carbazoles; Hydrogenated carbazoles C07D0209840000 Separation, e.g. from tar; Purification C07D0209860000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system C07D0209880000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system C07D0209900000 Benzo [c, d] indoles; Hydrogenated benzo [c, d] indoles C07D0209920000 Naphthostyrils C07D0209940000 containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered C07D0209960000 Spiro-condensed ring systems C07D0211000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing hydrogenated pyridine rings, not condensed with other rings C07D0211020000 Preparation by ring-closure or hydrogenation C07D0211040000 with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0211060000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0211080000 with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211100000 with radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211120000 with only hydrogen atoms attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0211140000 with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0211160000 with acylated ring nitrogen atom C07D0211180000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211200000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms (bound to the same carbon atom C07D0211300000);; C07D0211220000 by oxygen atoms C07D0211240000 by sulphur atoms to which a second hetero atom is attached C07D0211260000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms C07D0211280000 to which a second hetero atom is attached C07D0211300000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms or by two oxygen or sulphur atoms singly bound to the same carbon atom C07D0211320000 by oxygen atoms C07D0211340000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0211360000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211380000 Halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0211400000 Oxygen atoms C07D0211420000 attached in position 3 or 5 C07D0211440000 attached in position 4 C07D0211460000 having a hydrogen atom as the second substituent in position 4 C07D0211480000 having an acyclic carbon atom attached in position 4 C07D0211500000 Aroyl radical C07D0211520000 having an aryl radical as the second substituent in position 4 C07D0211540000 Sulphur atoms C07D0211560000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0211380000);; C07D0211580000 attached in position 4 C07D0211600000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0211620000 attached in position 4 C07D0211640000 having an aryl radical as the second substituent in position 4 C07D0211660000 having a hetero atom as the second substituent in position 4 C07D0211680000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0211700000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211720000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211740000 Oxygen atoms C07D0211760000 attached in position 2 or 6 C07D0211780000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0211800000 having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0211820000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211840000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0211860000 Oxygen atoms C07D0211880000 attached in positions 2 and 6, e.g. glutarimide C07D0211900000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0211920000 with a hetero atom directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0211940000 Oxygen atom, e.g. piperidine N-oxide C07D0211960000 Sulphur atom C07D0211980000 Nitrogen atom C07D0213000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings, not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom and three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0213020000 having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0213040000 having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0213060000 containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0213080000 Preparation by ring-closure C07D0213090000 involving the use of ammonia, amines, amine salts, or nitriles C07D0213100000 from acetaldehyde or cyclic polymers thereof C07D0213120000 from unsaturated compounds C07D0213127000 Preparation from compounds containing pyridine rings C07D0213133000 Preparation by dehydrogenation of hydrogenated pyridine compounds C07D0213140000 Preparation from compounds containing heterocyclic oxygen C07D0213160000 containing only one pyridine ring C07D0213180000 Salts thereof C07D0213200000 Quaternary compounds thereof C07D0213220000 containing two or more pyridine rings directly linked together, e.g. bipyridyl C07D0213240000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0213260000 Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0213280000 Radicals substituted by singly-bound oxygen or sulphur atoms (bound to the same carbon atom C07D0213440000);; C07D0213300000 Oxygen atoms C07D0213320000 Sulphur atoms C07D0213340000 to which a second hetero atom is attached C07D0213360000 Radicals substituted by singly-bound nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0213260000);; C07D0213380000 having only hydrogen or hydrocarbon radicals attached to the substituent nitrogen atom C07D0213400000 Acylated substituent nitrogen atom C07D0213420000 having hetero atoms attached to the substituent nitrogen atom (nitro radicals C07D0213260000);; C07D0213440000 Radicals substituted by doubly-bound oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms, or by two such atoms singly-bound to the same carbon atom C07D0213460000 Oxygen atoms C07D0213480000 Aldehydo radicals C07D0213500000 Ketonic radicals C07D0213510000 Acetal radicals C07D0213520000 Sulphur atoms C07D0213530000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0213540000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0213550000 Acids; Esters C07D0213560000 Amides C07D0213570000 Nitriles C07D0213580000 Amidines C07D0213590000 with at least one of the bonds being to sulphur C07D0213600000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0213610000 Halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0213620000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0213630000 One oxygen atom C07D0213640000 attached in position 2 or 6 C07D0213650000 attached in position 3 or 5 C07D0213660000 having in position 3 an oxygen atom and in each of the positions 4 and 5 a carbon atom bound to an oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atom, e.g. pyridoxal C07D0213670000 2-Methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5- bis (hydroxy-methyl) pyridine, i.e. pyridoxine C07D0213680000 attached in position 4 C07D0213690000 Two or more oxygen atoms C07D0213700000 Sulphur atoms C07D0213710000 to which a second hetero atom is attached C07D0213720000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0213610000);; C07D0213730000 Unsubstituted amino or imino radicals C07D0213740000 Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals C07D0213750000 Amino or imino radicals, acylated by carboxylic or carbonic acids, or by sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates C07D0213760000 to which a second hetero atom is attached (nitro radicals C07D0213610000);; C07D0213770000 Hydrazine radicals C07D0213780000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0213790000 Acids; Esters C07D0213800000 in position 3 C07D0213803000 Processes of preparation C07D0213807000 by oxidation of pyridines or condensed pyridines C07D0213810000 Amides; Imides C07D0213820000 in position 3 C07D0213830000 Thio-acids; Thio-esters; Thio-amides; Thio-imides C07D0213840000 Nitriles C07D0213850000 in position 3 C07D0213860000 Hydrazides; Thio or imino analogues thereof C07D0213870000 in position 3 C07D0213880000 Nicotinoylhydrazones C07D0213890000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0213900000 having more than three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0215000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems C07D0215020000 having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0215040000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms C07D0215060000 having only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0215080000 with acylated ring nitrogen atom C07D0215100000 Quaternary compounds C07D0215120000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0215140000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0215160000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0215180000 Halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0215200000 Oxygen atoms (quinophthalones C09B0025000000);; C07D0215220000 attached in position 2 or 4 C07D0215240000 attached in position 8 C07D0215260000 Alcohols; Ethers thereof C07D0215280000 with halogen atoms or nitro radicals in positions 5, 6 or 7 C07D0215300000 Metal salts; Chelates C07D0215320000 Esters C07D0215340000 Carbamates C07D0215360000 Sulphur atoms (C07D0215240000 takes precedence);; C07D0215380000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0215180000);; C07D0215400000 attached in position 8 C07D0215420000 attached in position 4 C07D0215440000 with aryl radicals attached to said nitrogen atoms C07D0215460000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to said nitrogen atoms C07D0215480000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0215500000 attached in position 4 C07D0215520000 with aryl radicals attached in position 2 C07D0215540000 attached in position 3 C07D0215560000 with oxygen atoms in position 4 C07D0215580000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0215600000 N-oxides C07D0217000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing isoquinoline or hydrogenated isoquinoline ring systems C07D0217020000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only carbon and hydrogen atoms, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring; Alkylene-bis-isoquinolines C07D0217040000 with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0217060000 with the ring nitrogen atom acylated by carboxylic or carbonic acids, or with sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates C07D0217080000 with a hetero atom directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0217100000 Quaternary compounds C07D0217120000 with radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring C07D0217140000 other than aralkyl radicals C07D0217160000 substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0217180000 Aralkyl radicals C07D0217200000 with oxygen atoms directly attached to the aromatic ring of said aralkyl radical, e.g. papaverine C07D0217220000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring C07D0217240000 Oxygen atoms C07D0217260000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0219000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing acridine or hydrogenated acridine ring systems C07D0219020000 with only hydrogen, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system C07D0219040000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the ring system C07D0219060000 Oxygen atoms C07D0219080000 Nitrogen atoms (acridine dyes C09B0015000000);; C07D0219100000 attached in position 9 C07D0219120000 Amino-alkyl-amino radicals attached in position 9 C07D0219140000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0219160000 with acyl radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0221000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups ; C07D0211000000-C07D0219000000 C07D0221020000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0221040000 Ortho- or peri-condensed ring systems C07D0221060000 Ring systems of three rings C07D0221080000 Aza-anthracenes (acridine C07D0219000000);; C07D0221100000 Aza-phenanthrenes C07D0221120000 Phenanthridines C07D0221140000 Aza-phenalenes, e.g. 1,8-naphthalimide C07D0221160000 containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered C07D0221180000 Ring systems of four or more rings C07D0221200000 Spiro-condensed ring systems C07D0221220000 Bridged ring systems C07D0221240000 Camphidines C07D0221260000 Benzomorphans C07D0221280000 Morphinans C07D0223000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0223020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0223040000 with only hydrogen atoms, halogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0223060000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms (halogen atoms C07D0223040000);; C07D0223080000 Oxygen atoms C07D0223100000 attached in position 2 C07D0223120000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0223140000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0223160000 Benzazepines; Hydrogenated benzazepines C07D0223180000 Dibenzazepines; Hydrogenated dibenzazepines C07D0223200000 Dibenz [b, e] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, e] azepines C07D0223220000 Dibenz [b, f] azepines; Hydrogenated dibenz [b, f] azepines C07D0223240000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0223260000 having a double bond between positions 10 and 11 C07D0223280000 having a single bond between positions 10 and 11 C07D0223300000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0223320000 containing carbocyclic rings other than six-membered C07D0225000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0225020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0225040000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0225060000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0225080000 condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0227000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, according to more than one of groups ; C07D0203000000-C07D0225000000 C07D0227020000 with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0227040000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0227060000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0227080000 Oxygen atoms C07D0227087000 One doubly-bound oxygen atom in position 2, e.g. lactams C07D0227093000 Two doubly-bound oxygen atoms attached to the carbon atoms adjacent to the ring nitrogen atom, e.g. dicarboxylic acid imides C07D0227100000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0227120000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0229000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of less than five members having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0229020000 containing three-membered rings C07D0231000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings C07D0231020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0231040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0231060000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0231080000 with oxygen or sulphur atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0231100000 having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0231120000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0231140000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0231160000 Halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0231180000 One oxygen or sulphur atom C07D0231200000 One oxygen atom attached in position 3 or 5 C07D0231220000 with aryl radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0231240000 having sulphone or sulphonic acid radicals in the molecule C07D0231260000 1-Phenyl-3-methyl-5- pyrazolones, unsubstituted or substituted on the phenyl ring C07D0231280000 Two oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0231300000 attached in position 3 and 5 C07D0231320000 Oxygen atoms C07D0231340000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached in position 4 C07D0231360000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached in position 4 C07D0231380000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0231160000);; C07D0231400000 Acylated on said nitrogen atom C07D0231420000 Benzene-sulphonamido pyrazoles C07D0231440000 Oxygen and nitrogen or sulphur and nitrogen atoms C07D0231460000 Oxygen atom in position 3 or 5 and nitrogen atom in position 4 C07D0231480000 with hydrocarbon radicals attached to said nitrogen atom C07D0231500000 Acylated on said nitrogen atom C07D0231520000 Oxygen atom in position 3 and nitrogen atom in position 5, or ; vice-versa C07D0231540000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0231560000 Benzopyrazoles; Hydrogenated benzopyrazoles C07D0233000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings C07D0233020000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0233040000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0233060000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0233080000 with alkyl radicals, containing more than four carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0233100000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233120000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233140000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0233160000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms C07D0233180000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0233200000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0233220000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0233240000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0233260000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms C07D0233280000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0233300000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0233320000 One oxygen atom C07D0233340000 Ethylene-urea C07D0233360000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233380000 with acyl radicals or hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233400000 Two or more oxygen atoms C07D0233420000 Sulphur atoms C07D0233440000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0233460000 with only hydrogen atoms attached to said nitrogen atoms C07D0233480000 with acyclic hydrocarbon or substituted acyclic hydrocarbon radicals, attached to said nitrogen atoms C07D0233500000 with carbocyclic radicals directly attached to said nitrogen atoms C07D0233520000 with hetero atoms directly attached to said nitrogen atoms C07D0233540000 having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0233560000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0233580000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233600000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen or sulphur atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233610000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical, attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233620000 with triarylmethyl radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms (triarylmethane dyes C09B0011260000);; C07D0233640000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. histidine (peptides C07C0103520000);; C07D0233660000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0233680000 Halogen atoms C07D0233700000 One oxygen atom C07D0233720000 Two oxygen atoms, e.g. hydantoin C07D0233740000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached to other ring members C07D0233760000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to the third ring carbon atom C07D0233780000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0233800000 with hetero atoms or acyl radicals directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0233820000 Halogen atoms C07D0233840000 Sulphur atoms C07D0233860000 Oxygen and sulphur atoms, e.g. thiohydantoin C07D0233880000 Nitrogen atoms, e.g. allantoin (nitro radicals C07D0233910000);; C07D0233900000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0233910000 Nitro radicals C07D0233920000 attached in position 4 or 5 C07D0233930000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by halogen atoms, attached to other ring members C07D0233940000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen or sulphur atoms, attached to other ring members C07D0233950000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, attached to other ring members C07D0233960000 having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0235000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, condensed with other rings C07D0235020000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0235040000 Benzimidazoles; Hydrogenated benzimidazoles C07D0235060000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached in position 2 C07D0235080000 Radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms C07D0235100000 Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0235120000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0235140000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms (by nitro radicals C07D0235100000);; C07D0235160000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0235180000 with aryl radicals directly attached in position 2 C07D0235200000 Two benzimidazolyl-2 radicals linked together directly or via a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radical C07D0235220000 with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms (C07D0235100000 takes precedence);; C07D0235240000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2 C07D0235260000 Oxygen atoms C07D0235280000 Sulphur atoms C07D0235300000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0235320000 Benzimidazole-2-carbamic acids, unsubstituted or substituted; Esters thereof; Thio-analogues thereof C07D0237000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings C07D0237020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0237040000 having less than three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0237060000 having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0237080000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0237100000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0237120000 Halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0237140000 Oxygen atoms C07D0237160000 Two oxygen atoms C07D0237180000 Sulphur atoms C07D0237200000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0237120000);; C07D0237220000 Nitrogen and oxygen atoms C07D0237240000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0237260000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0237280000 Cinnolines C07D0237300000 Phthalazines C07D0237320000 with oxygen atoms directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring C07D0237340000 with nitrogen atoms directly attached to carbon atoms of the nitrogen-containing ring, e.g. hydrazine radicals C07D0237360000 Benzo-cinnolines C07D0239000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings C07D0239020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0239040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0239060000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0239080000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 2 C07D0239100000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0239120000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0239140000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached to said nitrogen atoms C07D0239160000 acylated on said nitrogen atoms C07D0239180000 with hetero atoms attached to said nitrogen atoms, except nitro radicals, e.g. hydrazine radicals C07D0239200000 having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0239220000 with hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0239240000 having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0239260000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0239280000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0239300000 Halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0239320000 One oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atom C07D0239340000 One oxygen atom C07D0239360000 as doubly bound oxygen atom or as unsubstituted hydroxy radical C07D0239380000 One sulphur atom C07D0239400000 as doubly bound sulphur atom or as unsubstituted mercapto radical C07D0239420000 One nitrogen atom (nitro radicals C07D0239300000;benzene-sulphonamido- pyrimidines C07D0239690000) C07D0239460000 Two or more oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms (benzene-sulphonamido- pyrimidines C07D0239690000);; C07D0239470000 One nitrogen atom and one oxygen or sulphur atom, e.g. cytosine C07D0239480000 Two nitrogen atoms C07D0239490000 with an aralkyl radical, or substituted aralkyl radical, attached in position 5, e.g. trimethoprim C07D0239500000 Three nitrogen atoms C07D0239520000 Two oxygen atoms C07D0239540000 as doubly bound oxygen atoms or as unsubstituted hydroxy radicals C07D0239550000 without other hetero atoms or carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0239560000 One oxygen atom and one sulphur atom C07D0239580000 Two sulphur atoms C07D0239600000 Three or more oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0239620000 Barbituric acids C07D0239640000 Salts of organic bases; Organic double compounds C07D0239660000 Thiobarbituric acids C07D0239680000 Salts of organic bases; Organic double compounds C07D0239690000 Benzene-sulphonamido-pyrimidines C07D0239700000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0239720000 Quinazolines; Hydrogenated quinazolines C07D0239740000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached to ring carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0239760000 N-oxides C07D0239780000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 2 C07D0239800000 Oxygen atoms C07D0239820000 with an aryl radical attached in position 4 C07D0239840000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0239860000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 4 C07D0239880000 Oxygen atoms C07D0239900000 with acyclic radicals attached in position 2 or 3 C07D0239910000 with aryl or aralkyl radicals attached in position 2 or 3 C07D0239920000 with hetero atoms directly attached to nitrogen atoms of the hetero ring, e.g. benzazimide C07D0239930000 Sulphur atoms C07D0239940000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0239950000 with hetero atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 4 C07D0239960000 Two oxygen atoms C07D0241000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings C07D0241020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0241040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0241060000 having one or two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0241080000 with oxygen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0241100000 having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0241120000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0241140000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0241160000 Halogen atoms; Nitro radicals C07D0241180000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0241200000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0241160000);; C07D0241220000 Benzene-sulphonamido pyrazines C07D0241240000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0241260000 with nitrogen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0241280000 in which said hetero-bound carbon atoms are derived from carboxylic acids, esters or amides, or thio-analogues thereof C07D0241300000 in which said hetero-bound carbon atoms are part of a substructure ; C(=X)XC(=X)X in which X is an oxygen or sulphur atom or an imino radical, e.g. imidoylguanidines C07D0241320000 (Amino-pyrazinoyl) guanidines C07D0241340000 (Amino-pyrazine carbonamido) guanidines C07D0241360000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0241380000 with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms C07D0241400000 Benzopyrazines C07D0241420000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0241440000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0241460000 Phenazines C07D0241480000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, directly attached to the ring nitrogen atoms C07D0241500000 with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0241520000 Oxygen atoms C07D0241540000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0243000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing seven-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0243020000 having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 2 C07D0243040000 having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0243060000 having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 4 C07D0243080000 not condensed with other rings C07D0243100000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0243120000 1,5-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,5-benzodiazepines C07D0243140000 1,4-Benzodiazepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-benzodiazepines C07D0243160000 substituted in position 5 by aryl radicals C07D0243180000 substituted in position 2 by nitrogen, oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0243200000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0243220000 Sulphur atoms C07D0243240000 Oxygen atoms C07D0243260000 Preparation from compounds already containing the benzodiazepine skeleton C07D0243280000 Preparation including building-up the benzodiazepine skeleton from compounds containing no hetero rings C07D0243300000 Preparation including building-up the benzodiazepine skeleton from compounds already containing hetero rings C07D0243320000 containing a phthalimide or hydrogenated phthalimide ring system C07D0243340000 containing a quinazoline or hydrogenated quinazoline ring system C07D0243360000 containing an indole or hydrogenated indole ring system C07D0243380000 [b, e]- or [b, f]-condensed with six-membered rings C07D0245000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than seven members having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0245020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0245040000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0245060000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0247000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, according to more than one of groups ; C07D0229000000-C07D0245000000 C07D0247020000 having the nitrogen atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0249000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0249020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0249040000 1,2,3-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazoles C07D0249060000 with aryl radicals directly attached to ring atoms C07D0249080000 1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles C07D0249100000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0249120000 Oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0249140000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0249160000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0249180000 Benzotriazoles C07D0249200000 with aryl radicals directly attached in position 2 C07D0249220000 Naphthotriazoles C07D0249240000 with stilbene radicals directly attached in position 2 C07D0251000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings C07D0251020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0251040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0251060000 with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0251080000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0251100000 having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0251120000 having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0251140000 with hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to at least one ring carbon atom C07D0251160000 to only one ring carbon atom C07D0251180000 with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the two other ring carbon atoms, e.g. guanamines C07D0251200000 with no nitrogen atoms directly attached to a ring carbon atom C07D0251220000 to two ring carbon atoms C07D0251240000 to three ring carbon atoms C07D0251260000 with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0251280000 Only halogen atoms, e.g. cyanuric chloride C07D0251300000 Only oxygen atoms C07D0251320000 Cyanuric acid; Isocyanuric acid C07D0251340000 Cyanuric or isocyanuric esters C07D0251360000 having halogen atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0251380000 Sulphur atoms C07D0251400000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0251420000 One nitrogen atom C07D0251440000 with halogen atoms attached to the two other ring carbon atoms C07D0251460000 with oxygen or sulphur atoms attached to the two other ring carbon atoms C07D0251480000 Two nitrogen atoms C07D0251500000 with a halogen atom attached to the third ring carbon atom C07D0251520000 with an oxygen or sulphur atom attached to the third ring carbon atom C07D0251540000 Three nitrogen atoms C07D0251560000 Preparation of melamine C07D0251580000 from cyanamide, dicyanamide or calcium cyanamide C07D0251600000 from urea or from carbon dioxide and ammonia C07D0251620000 Purification of melamine C07D0251640000 Condensation products of melamine with aldehydes; Derivatives thereof (polycondensation products C08G);; C07D0251660000 Derivatives of melamine in which a hetero atom is directly attached to a nitrogen atom of melamine C07D0251680000 Triazinylaminostilbenes C07D0251700000 Other substituted melamines C07D0251720000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0253000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group ; C07D0251000000 C07D0253020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0253040000 1,2,3-Triazines C07D0253060000 1,2,4-Triazines C07D0253080000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0255000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups ; C07D0249000000-C07D0253000000 C07D0255020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0255040000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0257000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0257020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0257040000 Five-membered rings C07D0257060000 with nitrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atom C07D0257080000 Six-membered rings C07D0257100000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0257120000 Six-membered rings having four nitrogen atoms C07D0259000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having more than four nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0261000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,2-oxazole rings C07D0261020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0261040000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0261060000 having two or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0261080000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0261100000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0261120000 Oxygen atoms C07D0261140000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0261160000 Benzene-sulphonamido isoxazoles C07D0261180000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms, with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0261200000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0263000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-oxazole or hydrogenated 1,3-oxazole rings C07D0263020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0263040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0263060000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0263080000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0263100000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0263120000 with radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms C07D0263140000 with radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0263160000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0263180000 Oxygen atoms C07D0263200000 attached in position 2 C07D0263220000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms C07D0263240000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by oxygen atoms, attached to other ring carbon atoms C07D0263260000 with hetero atoms or acyl radicals directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0263280000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0263300000 having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0263320000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0263340000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0263360000 One oxygen atom C07D0263380000 attached in position 2 C07D0263400000 attached in position 4 C07D0263420000 attached in position 5 C07D0263440000 Two oxygen atoms C07D0263460000 Sulphur atoms C07D0263480000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0263500000 Benzene-sulphonamido oxazoles C07D0263520000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0263540000 Benzoxazoles; Hydrogenated benzoxazoles C07D0263560000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached in position 2 C07D0263580000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2 C07D0263600000 Naphthoxazoles; Hydrogenated naphthoxazoles C07D0263620000 having two or more ring systems containing condensed 1,3-oxazole rings C07D0265000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0265020000 1,2-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-oxazines C07D0265040000 1,3-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazines C07D0265060000 not condensed with other rings C07D0265080000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0265100000 with oxygen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0265120000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0265140000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0265160000 with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 4 C07D0265180000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 2 C07D0265200000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 4 C07D0265220000 Oxygen atoms C07D0265240000 with hetero atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 4 C07D0265260000 Two oxygen atoms, e.g. isatoic anhydride C07D0265280000 1,4-Oxazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-oxazines C07D0265300000 not condensed with other rings C07D0265320000 with oxygen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0265340000 condensed with carbocyclic rings C07D0265360000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0265380000 [b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0267000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0267020000 Seven-membered rings C07D0267040000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 2 C07D0267060000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0267080000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 4 C07D0267100000 not condensed with other rings C07D0267120000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0267140000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0267160000 condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0267180000 [b, e]-condensed C07D0267200000 [b, f]-condensed C07D0267220000 Eight-membered rings C07D0269000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having one nitrogen atom and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms according to more than one of groups ; C07D0261000000-C07D0267000000 C07D0269020000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0271000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0271020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0271040000 1,2,3-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-oxadiazoles C07D0271060000 1,2,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-oxadiazoles C07D0271080000 1,2,5-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,5-oxadiazoles C07D0271100000 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-oxadiazoles C07D0271120000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0273000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups ; C07D0261000000-C07D0271000000 C07D0273010000 having one nitrogen atom C07D0273020000 having two nitrogen atoms and only one oxygen atom C07D0273040000 Six-membered rings C07D0273060000 Seven-membered rings C07D0273080000 having two nitrogen atoms and more than one oxygen atom C07D0275000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1, 2-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,2-thiazole rings C07D0275020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0275040000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0275060000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring sulphur atom C07D0277000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-thiazole or hydrogenated 1,3-thiazole rings C07D0277020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0277040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0277060000 with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0277080000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0277100000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0277120000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0277140000 Oxygen atoms C07D0277160000 Sulphur atoms C07D0277180000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0277200000 having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0277220000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0277240000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0277260000 Radicals substituted by sulphur atoms C07D0277280000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms C07D0277300000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0277320000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0277340000 Oxygen atoms C07D0277360000 Sulphur atoms C07D0277380000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0277400000 Unsubstituted amino or imino radicals C07D0277420000 Amino or imino radicals substituted by hydrocarbon radicals C07D0277440000 Acylated amino or imino radicals C07D0277460000 by carboxylic acids, or sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof C07D0277480000 by radicals derived from carbonic acid, or sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbonylguanidines C07D0277500000 Nitrogen atoms bound to hetero atoms (nitro radicals C07D0277580000);; C07D0277520000 to sulphur atoms, e.g. sulphonamides C07D0277540000 Nitrogen and either oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0277560000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0277580000 Nitro radicals C07D0277600000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0277620000 Benzothiazoles C07D0277640000 with only hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached in position 2 C07D0277660000 with aromatic rings or ring systems directly attached in position 2 C07D0277680000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2 C07D0277700000 Sulphur atoms C07D0277720000 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole C07D0277740000 Sulphur atoms substituted by carbon atoms C07D0277760000 Sulphur atoms attached to a second hetero atom C07D0277780000 to a second sulphur atom C07D0277800000 to a nitrogen atom C07D0277820000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0277840000 Naphthothiazoles C07D0279000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom and one sulphur atom as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0279020000 1,2-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,2-thiazines C07D0279040000 1,3-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazines C07D0279060000 not condensed with other rings C07D0279080000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0279100000 1,4-Thiazines; Hydrogenated 1,4-thiazines C07D0279120000 not condensed with other rings C07D0279140000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0279160000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0279180000 [b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0279200000 with hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0279220000 with carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0279240000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by amino radicals, attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0279260000 without other substituents attached to the ring system C07D0279280000 with other substituents attached to the ring system C07D0279300000 with acyl radicals attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0279320000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom C07D0279340000 with hetero atoms directly attached to the ring sulphur atom C07D0279360000 [b, e]-condensed, at least one with a further condensed benzene ring C07D0281000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one nitrogen atom and one sulphur atom as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0281020000 Seven-membered rings C07D0281040000 having the hetero atoms in position 1 and 4 C07D0281060000 not condensed with other rings C07D0281080000 condensed with carbocyclic ring systems C07D0281100000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0281120000 condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0281140000 [b, e]-condensed C07D0281160000 [b, f]-condensed C07D0281180000 Eight-membered rings C07D0283000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having one nitrogen atom and one sulphur atom as the only ring hetero atoms, according to more than one of groups ; C07D0275000000-C07D0281000000 C07D0283020000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0285000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups ; C07D0275000000-C07D0283000000 C07D0285020000 Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated thiadiazoles C07D0285040000 not condensed with other rings C07D0285060000 1,2,3-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,3-thiadiazoles C07D0285080000 1,2,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-thiadiazoles C07D0285100000 1,2,5-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,5-thiadiazoles C07D0285120000 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3,4-thiadiazoles C07D0285140000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0285160000 Thiadiazines; Hydrogenated thiadiazines C07D0285180000 1,2,4-Thiadiazines; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-thiadiazines C07D0285200000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0285220000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0285240000 with oxygen atoms directly attached to the ring sulphur atom C07D0285260000 substituted in position 6 or 7 by sulphamoyl or substituted sulphamoyl radicals C07D0285280000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached in position 3 C07D0285300000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached in position 3 C07D0285320000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 3 C07D0285340000 1,3,5-Thiadiazines; Hydrogenated 1,3,5-thiadiazines C07D0285360000 Seven-membered rings C07D0285380000 Eight-membered rings C07D0291000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0291020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0291040000 Five-membered rings C07D0291060000 Six-membered rings C07D0291080000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0293000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having nitrogen and selenium or nitrogen and tellurium, with or without oxygen or sulphur atoms, as the ring hetero atoms C07D0293020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0293040000 Five-membered rings C07D0293060000 Selenazoles; Hydrogenated selenazoles C07D0293080000 Six-membered rings C07D0293100000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0293120000 Selenazoles; Hydrogenated selenazoles C07D0295000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms C07D0295020000 containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero elements C07D0295040000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0295060000 substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0295080000 substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0295100000 substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms (acylated ring nitrogen atoms C07D0295160000);; C07D0295120000 substituted by singly or doubly bound nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0295060000);; C07D0295140000 substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogene, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0295160000 acylated on ring nitrogen atoms C07D0295180000 by radicals derived from carboxylic acids, or sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof C07D0295200000 by radicals derived from carbonic acid, or sulphur or nitrogen analogues thereof, e.g. carbamates C07D0295220000 with hetero atoms directly attached to ring nitrogen atoms C07D0301000000 Preparation of oxiranes C07D0301020000 Synthesis of the oxirane ring C07D0301030000 by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds C07D0301040000 with air or molecular oxygen C07D0301060000 in the liquid phase C07D0301080000 in the gaseous phase C07D0301100000 with catalysts containing silver or gold C07D0301120000 with hydrogen peroxide or inorganic peroxides or peracids C07D0301140000 with organic peracids, or salts, anhydrides or esters thereof C07D0301160000 formed ; in situ, e.g. from carboxylic acids and hydrogen peroxide C07D0301180000 from polybasic carboxylic acids C07D0301190000 with organic hydroperoxides C07D0301220000 by oxidation of saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen (of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds C07D0301040000);; C07D0301240000 by splitting-off Hal-Y from compounds containing the radical Hal; CCOY C07D0301260000 Y being hydrogen C07D0301270000 Condensation of epihalohydrins or halohydrins with compounds containing active hydrogen atoms (macromolecular compounds C08);; C07D0301280000 by reaction with hydroxyl radicals C07D0301300000 by reaction with carboxyl radicals C07D0301320000 Separation; Purification C07D0301360000 Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation C07D0303000000 Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0303020000 Compounds containing oxirane rings C07D0303040000 containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring oxygen atoms C07D0303060000 in which the oxirane rings are condensed with a carbocyclic ring system having three or more relevant rings C07D0303080000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by halogen atoms, nitro radicals or nitroso radicals C07D0303100000 in which the oxirane rings are condensed with a carbocyclic ring system having three or more relevant rings (steroids C07J);; C07D0303120000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by singly or doubly bound oxygen atoms C07D0303140000 by free hydroxyl radicals C07D0303160000 by esterified hydroxyl radicals C07D0303170000 containing oxirane rings condensed with carbocyclic ring systems having three or more relevant rings C07D0303180000 by etherified hydroxyl radicals C07D0303200000 Ethers with hydroxy compounds containing no oxirane rings C07D0303220000 with monohydroxy compounds C07D0303240000 with polyhydroxy compounds C07D0303260000 having one or more free hydroxyl radicals C07D0303270000 having all hydroxyl radicals etherified with oxirane containing compounds C07D0303280000 Ethers with hydroxy compounds containing oxirane rings C07D0303300000 Ethers of oxirane-containing polyhydroxy compounds in which all hydroxyl radicals are etherified with oxirane-containing hydroxy compounds C07D0303310000 in which the oxirane rings are condensed with a carbocyclic ring system having three or more relevant rings C07D0303320000 by aldehydo- or ketonic radicals C07D0303340000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by sulphur, selenium, or tellurium atoms C07D0303360000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms (nitro, nitroso radicals C07D0303080000);; C07D0303380000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0303400000 by ester radicals C07D0303420000 Acyclic compounds having a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. epoxidised fats C07D0303440000 Esterified with oxirane-containing hydroxy compounds C07D0303460000 by amide or nitrile radicals C07D0303480000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0305000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing four-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0305020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0305040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0305060000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring atoms C07D0305080000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring atoms C07D0305100000 having one or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0305120000 beta-Lactones C07D0305140000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0307000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0307020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0307040000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0307060000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307080000 Preparation of tetrahydrofuran C07D0307100000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307120000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0307140000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0307160000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0307180000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307200000 Oxygen atoms C07D0307220000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0307240000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0307260000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0307280000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307300000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307320000 Oxygen atoms C07D0307340000 having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0307360000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307380000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307400000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0307420000 Singly bound oxygen atoms (two oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon atom C07D0307460000);; C07D0307440000 Furfuryl alcohol C07D0307450000 Oxygen atoms acylated by a cyclopropane containing carboxylic acyl radical, e.g. chrysanthemumates C07D0307460000 Doubly bound oxygen atoms, or two oxygen atoms singly bound to the same carbon atom C07D0307480000 Furfural C07D0307500000 Preparation from natural products C07D0307520000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0307540000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0307560000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0307580000 One oxygen atom, e.g. butenolide C07D0307600000 Two oxygen atoms, e.g. succinic anhydride C07D0307620000 Three oxygen atoms, e.g. ascorbic acid C07D0307640000 Sulphur atoms C07D0307660000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0307700000);; C07D0307680000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0307700000 Nitro radicals C07D0307710000 attached in position 5 C07D0307720000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by nitrogen-containing radicals, attached in position 2 C07D0307730000 by amino or imino, or substituted amino or imino radicals C07D0307740000 by hydrazino or hydrazono or such substituted radicals C07D0307750000 having carboxylic acyl radicals or their thio or nitrogen analogues directly attached to the hydrazino or hydrazono radical, e.g. hydrazides C07D0307760000 having carbonic acyl radicals or their thio or nitrogen analogues directly attached to the hydrazino or hydrazono radical, e.g. semicarbazides C07D0307770000 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0307780000 Benzo [b] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [b] furans C07D0307790000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0307800000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0307810000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0307820000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0307830000 Oxygen atoms C07D0307840000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0307850000 attached in position 2 C07D0307860000 with an oxygen atom directly attached in position 7 C07D0307870000 Benzo [c] furans; Hydrogenated benzo [c] furans C07D0307880000 with one oxygen atom directly attached in position 1 or 3 C07D0307890000 with two oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 1 and 3 C07D0307900000 with an oxygen atom in position 1 and a nitrogen atom in position 3, or ; vice versa C07D0307910000 Dibenzofurans; Hydrogenated dibenzofurans C07D0307920000 Naphthofurans; Hydrogenated naphthofurans C07D0307930000 condensed with a ring other than six-membered C07D0307935000 not further condensed cyclopenta [b] furans or hydrogenated cyclopenta [b] furans C07D0307940000 spiro-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems, e.g. griseofulvins C07D0309000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not condensed with other rings C07D0309020000 having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0309040000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0309060000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0309080000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0309100000 Oxygen atoms C07D0309120000 Only hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom directly attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. tetrahydropyranyl ethers C07D0309140000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0309160000 having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member C07D0309180000 containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring hetero atom C07D0309200000 with hydrogen atoms and substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0309220000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0309240000 Methylol radicals C07D0309260000 Carboxaldehyde radicals C07D0309280000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0309300000 Oxygen atoms, e.g. delta-lactones C07D0309320000 having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0309340000 having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members C07D0309360000 with oxygen atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0309380000 One oxygen atom in position 2 or 4, e.g. pyrones C07D0309400000 Oxygen atoms attached in positions 3 and 4, e.g. maltol C07D0311000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings C07D0311020000 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0311040000 Benzo [b] pyrans, not hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring C07D0311060000 with oxygen or sulphur atoms directly attached in position 2 C07D0311080000 not hydrogenated in the hetero ring C07D0311100000 unsubstituted C07D0311120000 substituted in position 3 and unsubstituted in position 7 C07D0311140000 substituted in position 6 and unsubstituted in position 7 C07D0311160000 substituted in position 7 C07D0311180000 substituted otherwise than in position 3 or 7 (substituted in position 4 by oxygen or sulphur C07D0311420000);; C07D0311200000 hydrogenated in the hetero ring C07D0311220000 with oxygen or sulphur atoms directly attached in position 4 C07D0311240000 with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2 C07D0311260000 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 or 3 C07D0311280000 with aromatic rings attached in position 2 only C07D0311300000 not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. flavones C07D0311320000 2, 3-Dihydro derivatives, e.g. flavanones C07D0311340000 with aromatic rings attached in position 3 only C07D0311360000 not hydrogenated in the hetero ring, e.g. isoflavones C07D0311380000 2, 3-Dihydro derivatives, e.g. isoflavanones C07D0311400000 Separation, e.g. from natural material; Purification C07D0311420000 with oxygen or sulphur atoms in positions 2 and 4 C07D0311440000 with one hydrogen atom in position 3 C07D0311460000 unsubstituted in the carbocyclic ring C07D0311480000 with two such benzopyran radicals linked together by a carbon chain C07D0311500000 with elements other than carbon and hydrogen in position 3 C07D0311520000 Enol-esters or -ethers, or sulphur analogues thereof C07D0311540000 substituted in the carbocyclic ring C07D0311560000 without hydrogen atoms in position 3 C07D0311580000 other than with oxygen or sulphur atoms in position 2 or 4 C07D0311600000 with aryl radicals attached in position 2 C07D0311620000 with oxygen atoms directly attached in position 3, e.g. anthocyanidins C07D0311640000 with oxygen atoms directly attached in position 8 C07D0311660000 with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 2 C07D0311680000 with nitrogen atoms directly attached in position 4 C07D0311700000 with two hydrocarbon radicals attached in position 2 and elements other than carbon and hydrogen in position 6 C07D0311720000 3, 4-Dihydro-derivatives having in position 2 at least one methyl radical and in position 6 one oxygen atom, e.g. tocopherols C07D0311740000 Benzo [b] pyrans, hydrogenated in the carbocyclic ring C07D0311760000 Benzo [c] pyrans C07D0311780000 Ring systems having three or more relevant rings C07D0311800000 Dibenzopyrans; Hydrogenated dibenzopyrans C07D0311820000 Xanthenes C07D0311840000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 9 C07D0311860000 Oxygen atoms, e.g. xanthones C07D0311880000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0311900000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by amino radicals, directly attached in position 9 C07D0311920000 Naphthopyrans; Hydrogenated naphthopyrans C07D0311940000 condensed with rings other than six-membered C07D0311960000 spiro-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0313000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0313020000 Seven-membered rings C07D0313040000 not condensed with other rings C07D0313060000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0313080000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0313100000 condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0313120000 [b, e]-condensed C07D0313140000 [b, f]-condensed C07D0313160000 Eight-membered rings C07D0313180000 not condensed with other rings C07D0313200000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0315000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom according to more than one of groups ; C07D0303000000-C07D0313000000 C07D0317000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0317020000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 2 C07D0317040000 not condensed with other rings C07D0317060000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0317080000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 C07D0317100000 not condensed with other rings C07D0317120000 with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0317140000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms, attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0317160000 Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0317180000 Radicals substituted by singly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0317200000 Free hydroxyl or mercaptan C07D0317220000 etherified C07D0317240000 esterified C07D0317260000 Radicals substituted by doubly bound oxygen or sulphur atoms or by two such atoms singly bound to the same carbon atom C07D0317280000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0317160000);; C07D0317300000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0317320000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0317340000 Oxygen atoms C07D0317360000 Alkylene carbonates; Substituted alkylene carbonates C07D0317380000 Ethylene carbonate C07D0317400000 Vinylene carbonate; Substituted vinylene carbonates C07D0317420000 Halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0317440000 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0317460000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0317480000 Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring C07D0317500000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring C07D0317520000 Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro radicals C07D0317540000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0317560000 Radicals substituted by sulphur atoms C07D0317580000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms (nitro radicals C07D0317520000);; C07D0317600000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0317620000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring C07D0317640000 Oxygen atoms C07D0317660000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0317680000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0317700000 condensed with ring systems containing two or more relevant rings C07D0317720000 spiro-condensed with carbocyclic rings C07D0319000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0319020000 1,2-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,2-dioxanes C07D0319040000 1,3-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,3-dioxanes C07D0319060000 not condensed with other rings C07D0319080000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0319100000 1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes C07D0319120000 not condensed with other rings C07D0319140000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0319160000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0319180000 Ethylenedioxybenzenes, not substituted on the hetero ring C07D0319200000 with substituents attached to the hetero ring C07D0319220000 condensed with one naphthalene or hydrogenated naphthalene ring system C07D0319240000 [b, e]-condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0321000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups ; C07D0317000000-C07D0319000000 C07D0321020000 Seven-membered rings C07D0321040000 not condensed with other rings C07D0321060000 1, 3-Dioxepines; Hydrogenated 1,3-dioxepines C07D0321080000 1, 4-Dioxepines; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxepines C07D0321100000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0321120000 Eight-membered rings C07D0323000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing more than two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0323020000 Five-membered rings C07D0323040000 Six-membered rings C07D0323060000 Trioxane C07D0325000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen as the only ring hetero atom according to more than one of groups ; C07D0303000000-C07D0323000000 C07D0327000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0327020000 One oxygen atom and one sulphur atom C07D0327040000 Five-membered rings C07D0327060000 Six-membered rings C07D0327080000 [b, e]-condensed with two six-membered carbocyclic rings C07D0327100000 Two oxygen atoms and one sulphur atom, e.g. cyclic sulphates C07D0329000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having oxygen and selenium or oxygen and tellurium atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0331000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of less than five members, having one sulphur atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0331020000 Three-membered rings C07D0331040000 Four-membered rings C07D0333000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having one sulphur atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0333020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0333040000 not substituted on the ring sulphur atom C07D0333060000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms C07D0333080000 Hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms C07D0333100000 Thiophene C07D0333120000 Radicals substituted by halogen atoms or nitro or nitroso radicals C07D0333140000 Radicals substituted by singly bound hetero atoms other than halogen C07D0333160000 by oxygen atoms C07D0333180000 by sulphur atoms C07D0333200000 by nitrogen atoms (nitro, nitroso radicals C07D0333120000);; C07D0333220000 Radicals substituted by doubly bound hetero atoms, or by two hetero atoms other than halogen singly bound to the same carbon atom C07D0333240000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0333260000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0333280000 Halogen atoms C07D0333300000 Hetero atoms other than halogen C07D0333320000 Oxygen atoms C07D0333340000 Sulphur atoms C07D0333360000 Nitrogen atoms (nitro, nitroso radicals C07D0333420000);; C07D0333380000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0333400000 Thiophene-2-carboxylic acid C07D0333420000 with nitro or nitroso radicals directly attached to ring carbon atoms C07D0333440000 attached in position 5 C07D0333460000 substituted on the ring sulphur atom C07D0333480000 by oxygen atoms C07D0333500000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0333520000 Benzo [b] thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo [b] thiophenes C07D0333540000 with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0333560000 Radicals substituted by oxygen atoms C07D0333580000 Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms C07D0333600000 Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals C07D0333620000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to carbon atoms of the hetero ring C07D0333640000 Oxygen atoms C07D0333660000 Nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical C07D0333680000 Carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0333700000 attached in position 2 C07D0333720000 Benzo [c] thiophenes; Hydrogenated benzo [c] thiophenes C07D0333740000 Naphthothiophenes C07D0333760000 Dibenzothiophenes C07D0333780000 condensed with carbocyclic rings other than six-membered C07D0333800000 Seven-membered rings C07D0335000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one sulphur atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0335020000 not condensed with other rings C07D0335040000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0335060000 Benzothiopyrans; Hydrogenated benzothiopyrans C07D0335080000 Naphthothiopyrans; Hydrogenated naphthothiopyrans C07D0335100000 Dibenzothiopyrans; Hydrogenated dibenzothiopyrans C07D0335120000 Thioxanthenes C07D0335140000 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 9 C07D0335160000 Oxygen atoms, e.g. thioxanthones C07D0335180000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0335200000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by amino radicals, directly attached in position 9 C07D0337000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings of more than six members having one sulphur atom as the only ring hetero atom C07D0337020000 Seven-membered rings C07D0337040000 not condensed with other rings C07D0337060000 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0337080000 condensed with one six-membered ring C07D0337100000 condensed with two six-membered rings C07D0337120000 [b, e]-condensed C07D0337140000 [b, f]-condensed C07D0337160000 Eight-membered rings C07D0339000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having two sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0339020000 Five-membered rings C07D0339040000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 2, e.g. lipoic acid C07D0339060000 having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3, e.g. cyclic dithiocarbonates C07D0339080000 Six-membered rings C07D0341000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having three or more sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0343000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having sulphur and selenium or sulphur and tellurium atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0345000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having selenium or tellurium atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0347000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings having halogen atoms as ring hetero atoms C07D0401000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom C07D0401020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0401040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0401060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0401080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0401100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0401120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0401140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0403000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group ; C07D0401000000 C07D0403020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0403040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0403060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0403080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0403100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0403120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0403140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0405000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom C07D0405020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0405040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0405060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0405080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0405100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0405120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0405140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0407000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group ; C07D0405000000 C07D0407020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0407040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0407060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0407080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0407100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0407120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0407140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0409000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0409020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0409040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0409060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0409080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0409100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0409120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0409140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0411000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having oxygen and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0411020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0411040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0411060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0411080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0411100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0411120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0411140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0413000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0413020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0413040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0413060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0413080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0413100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0413120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0413140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0415000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing the thiamine skeleton C07D0417000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group ; C07D0415000000 C07D0417020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0417040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0417060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0417080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0417100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0417120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0417140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0419000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0419020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0419040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0419060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0419080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0419100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0419120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0419140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0421000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having selenium, tellurium, or halogen atoms as ring hetero atoms C07D0421020000 containing two hetero rings C07D0421040000 directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring- member bond C07D0421060000 linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms C07D0421080000 linked by a carbon chain containing alicyclic rings C07D0421100000 linked by a carbon chain containing aromatic rings C07D0421120000 linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links C07D0421140000 containing three or more hetero rings C07D0451000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane, 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.02,4] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane or granatane alkaloids, scopolamine; Cyclic acetals thereof C07D0451020000 containing not further condensed 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.02,4] nonane ring systems, e.g. tropane; Cyclic acetals thereof C07D0451040000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 3 of the 8-azabicyclo [3.2.1] octane or in position 7 of the 3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.02,4] nonane ring system C07D0451060000 Oxygen atoms C07D0451080000 Diarylmethoxy radicals C07D0451100000 acylated by aliphatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, e.g. atropine, scopolamine C07D0451120000 acylated by aromatic or heteroaromatic carboxylic acids, e.g. cocaine C07D0451140000 containing 9-azabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane ring systems, e.g. granatane, 2-aza-adamantane; Cyclic acetals thereof C07D0453000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing quinuclidine or iso-quinuclidine ring systems, e.g. quinine alkaloids C07D0453020000 containing not further condensed quinuclidine ring systems C07D0453040000 having a quinolyl-4, a substituted quinolyl-4 or a alkylenedioxy-quinolyl-4 radical linked through only one carbon atom, attached in position 2, e.g. quinine C07D0453060000 containing iso-quinuclidine ring systems C07D0455000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine C07D0455020000 containing not further condensed quinolizine ring systems C07D0455030000 containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine C07D0455040000 containing a quinolizine ring system condensed with only one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. julolidine C07D0455060000 containing benzo [a] quinolizine ring systems C07D0455080000 having an isoquinolyl-1, a substituted isoquinolyl-1 or an alkylenedioxyisoquinolyl-1 radical linked through only one carbon atom, attached in position 2, e.g. emetine C07D0457000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing indolo [4, 3-f, g] quinoline ring systems, e.g. lysergic acid (ergot alkaloids of the peptide type C07D0519020000);; C07D0457020000 with hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached in position 8 C07D0457040000 with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached in position 8 C07D0457060000 Lysergic acid amides C07D0457080000 in which the amide nitrogen is a member of a heterocyclic ring C07D0457100000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 8 C07D0457120000 Nitrogen atoms C07D0457140000 containing indolo [4, 3-f, g] quinoline ring systems condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0459000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing benz [g] indolo [2, 3-a] quinolizine ring systems, e.g. yohimbine; 16, 18-lactones thereof, e.g. reserpic acid lactone C07D0461000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing indolo [3, 2, 1-d, e] pyrido [3, 2, 1-i, j] [1, 5]-naphthyridine ring systems, e.g. vincamine (dimeric indolo alkaloids C07D0519040000);; C07D0471000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups ; C07D0451000000-C07D0461000000 C07D0471020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0471040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0471060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0471080000 Bridged systems C07D0471100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0471120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0471140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0471160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0471180000 Bridged systems C07D0471200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0471220000 in which the condensed systems contains four or more hetero rings C07D0473000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems C07D0473020000 with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 C07D0473040000 Two oxygen atoms C07D0473060000 with radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached in position 1 or 3 C07D0473080000 with methyl radicals in positions 1 and 3, e.g. theophylline C07D0473100000 with methyl radicals in positions 3 and 7, e.g. theobromine C07D0473120000 with methyl radicals in positions 1, 3, and 7, e.g. caffeine C07D0473140000 with two methyl radicals in positions 1 and 3 and two methyl radicals in positions 7, 8, or 9 C07D0473160000 Two nitrogen atoms C07D0473180000 One oxygen and one nitrogen atom, e.g. guanine C07D0473200000 Two sulphur atoms C07D0473220000 One oxygen and one sulphur atom C07D0473240000 One nitrogen and one sulphur atom C07D0473260000 with an oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atom directly attached in position 2 or 6, but not in both C07D0473280000 Oxygen atom C07D0473300000 attached in position 6, e.g. hypoxanthine C07D0473320000 Nitrogen atom C07D0473340000 attached in position 6, e.g. adenine C07D0473360000 Sulphur atom C07D0473380000 attached in position 6 C07D0473400000 with halogen atoms or perhalogeno-alkyl radicals directly attached in position 2 or 6 C07D0475000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing pteridine ring systems C07D0475020000 with an oxygen atom directly attached in position 4 C07D0475040000 with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 2 C07D0475060000 with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 4 C07D0475080000 with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 2 C07D0475100000 with an aromatic or hetero-aromatic ring directly attached in position 2 C07D0475120000 containing pteridine ring systems condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0475140000 Benz [g] pteridines, e.g. riboflavine C07D0487000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, not provided for by groups ; C07D0451000000-C07D0475000000 C07D0487020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0487040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0487060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0487080000 Bridged systems C07D0487100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0487120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0487140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0487160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0487180000 Bridged systems C07D0487200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0487220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0489000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 4 aH-8, 9 c-Iminoethano-phenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems C07D0489020000 with oxygen atoms attached in positions 3 and 6, e.g. morphine, morphinone C07D0489040000 Salts; Organic complexes C07D0489060000 with a hetero atom directly attached in position 14 C07D0489080000 Oxygen atom C07D0489090000 containing 4 aH-8, 9 c-Iminoethanophenanthro [4, 5-b, c, d] furan ring systems condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0489100000 with a bridge between positions 6 and 14 C07D0489120000 the bridge containing only two carbon atoms C07D0491000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed ring system both one or more rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms and one or more rings having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups ; C07D0451000000-C07D0459000000; or C07D0489000000 C07D0491020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0491040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0491044000 with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring C07D0491048000 the oxygen-containing ring being five-membered C07D0491052000 the oxygen-containing ring being six-membered C07D0491056000 with two or more oxygen atoms as ring hetero atoms in the oxygen-containing ring C07D0491060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0491080000 Bridged systems C07D0491100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0491107000 with only one oxygen atom as ring hetero atom in the oxygen-containing ring C07D0491113000 with two or more oxygen atoms as ring hetero atoms in the oxygen-containing ring C07D0491120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0491140000 Ortho-condensed systems (alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine, C07D0455030000);; C07D0491147000 the condensed system containing one ring with oxygen as ring hetero atom and two rings with nitrogen as ring hetero atom C07D0491153000 the condensed system containing two rings with oxygen as ring hetero atom and one ring with nitrogen as ring hetero atom C07D0491160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0491180000 Bridged systems (3-oxa-9-azatricyclo [3.3.1.02,4] nonane ring systems, e.g. scopolamine, C07D0451000000);; C07D0491200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0491220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0493000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system C07D0493020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0493040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0493060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0493080000 Bridged systems C07D0493100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0493120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0493140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0493160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0493180000 Bridged systems C07D0493200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0493220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0495000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0495020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0495040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0495060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0495080000 Bridged systems C07D0495100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0495120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0495140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0495160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0495180000 Bridged systems C07D0495200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0495220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0497000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having oxygen and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0497020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0497040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0497060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0497080000 Bridged systems C07D0497100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0497120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0497140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0497160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0497180000 Bridged systems C07D0497200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0497220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0498000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0498020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0498040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0498060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0498080000 Bridged systems C07D0498100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0498120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0498140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0498160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0498180000 Bridged systems C07D0498200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0498220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0499000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula: , e.g. penicillins C07D0499020000 with a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 6 and a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. an ester or nitrile radical, directly attached in position 2 C07D0499040000 Preparation C07D0499060000 Synthesis of the skeleton (by microbiological methods C12P0037000000);; C07D0499080000 Modification of the carboxyl radical, e.g. esterification C07D0499100000 Modification of the amino radical C07D0499120000 Acylation C07D0499140000 Preparation of salts C07D0499160000 of alkali or alkaline earth metals C07D0499180000 Separation; Purification C07D0499200000 via salts with organic bases C07D0499220000 Salts with organic bases; Complexes with organic compounds C07D0499240000 with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds containing amino radicals C07D0499260000 with heterocyclic compounds C07D0499280000 with modified 2-carboxyl group C07D0499300000 Acid anhydride C07D0499320000 Esters C07D0499340000 Thio-acid; Esters thereof C07D0499360000 O-esters C07D0499380000 S-esters C07D0499400000 Amides; Hydrazides; Azides C07D0499420000 Compounds with a free primary amino radical attached in position 6 C07D0499440000 Compounds with an amino radical acylated by carboxylic acids, attached in position 6 C07D0499460000 with acyclic hydrocarbon radicals or such radicals substituted by carbocyclic or heterocyclic rings, attached to the carboxamido radical C07D0499480000 with a carbon chain, substituted by hetero atoms or by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, attached to the carboxamido radical C07D0499500000 substituted in beta-position to the carboxamido radical C07D0499520000 by oxygen or sulphur atoms C07D0499540000 by nitrogen atoms C07D0499560000 by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen C07D0499580000 substituted in alpha-position to the carboxamido radical C07D0499600000 by oxygen atoms C07D0499620000 by sulphur atoms C07D0499640000 by nitrogen atoms C07D0499660000 with alicyclic rings as additional substituents on the carbon chain C07D0499680000 with aromatic rings as additional substituents on the carbon chain C07D0499700000 with hetero rings as additional substituents on the carbon chain C07D0499720000 by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms C07D0499740000 with carbocyclic rings directly attached to the carboxamido radical C07D0499760000 with hetero rings directly attached to the carboxamido radical C07D0499780000 Compounds with an amino radical, acylated by carbonic acid, or by nitrogen or sulphur analogues thereof, attached in position 6 C07D0499800000 Compounds with a nitrogen-containing hetero ring, attached with the ring nitrogen atom in position 6 C07D0499820000 further condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems C07D0501000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring systems, i.e. compounds containing a ring system of the formula: , e.g. cephalosporinsSuch ring systems being further condensed, e.g. 2,3-condensed with an oxygen- or nitrogen-containing hetero ring C07D0501020000 Preparation C07D0501040000 from other compounds containing the ring system C07D0501060000 Acylation of 7-aminocephalosporanic acid C07D0501080000 by synthesis of the ring system (by microbiological methods C12P0035000000);; C07D0501100000 from compounds containing the penicillin ring system C07D0501120000 Separation; Purification C07D0501140000 Compounds having a nitrogen atom directly attached in position 7 C07D0501160000 with a double bond between positions 2 and 3 C07D0501180000 7-Aminocephalosporanic or substituted 7-aminocephalosporanic acids C07D0501200000 7-Acylaminocephalosporanic or substituted 7-acylaminocephalosporanic acids in which the acyl radicals are derived from carboxylic acids C07D0501220000 with radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, attached in position 3 C07D0501240000 with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by hetero atoms or hetero rings, attached in position 3 C07D0501260000 Methylene radicals, substituted by oxygen atoms; Lactones thereof with the 2-carboxyl group C07D0501280000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an aliphatic carboxylic acid, which is substituted by hetero atoms C07D0501300000 with the 7-amino-radical acylated by an araliphatic carboxylic acid C07D0501320000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an araliphatic carboxylic acid, which is substituted on the aliphatic radical by hetero atoms C07D0501340000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by carboxylic acids containing hetero rings C07D0501360000 Methylene radicals, substituted by sulphur atoms C07D0501380000 Methylene radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms; Lactams thereof with the 2-carboxyl group; Methylene radicals substituted by nitrogen-containing hetero rings attached by the ring nitrogen atom; Quaternary compounds thereof C07D0501400000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an aliphatic carboxylic acid, which is substituted by hetero atoms C07D0501420000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an araliphatic carboxylic acid C07D0501440000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an araliphatic carboxylic acid, which is substituted on the aliphatic radical by hetero atoms C07D0501460000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by carboxylic acids containing hetero rings C07D0501480000 Methylene radicals, substituted by hetero rings (C07D0501380000-C07D0501460000; take precedence);; C07D0501500000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an aliphatic carboxylic acid, which is substituted by hetero atoms C07D0501520000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an araliphatic carboxylic acid C07D0501540000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by an araliphatic carboxylic acid, which is substituted on the aliphatic radical by hetero atoms C07D0501560000 with the 7-amino radical acylated by carboxylic acids containing hetero rings C07D0501570000 with a further substituent in position 7, e.g. cephamycines C07D0501580000 with a nitrogen atom, which is a member of a hetero ring, attached in position 7 C07D0501590000 with hetero atoms directly attached in position 3 C07D0501600000 with a double bond between positions 3 and 4 C07D0501620000 Compounds further condensed with a carbocyclic ring or ring system C07D0513000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by groups ; C07D0499000000-C07D0501000000 C07D0513020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0513040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0513060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0513080000 Bridged systems C07D0513100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0513120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0513140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0513160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0513180000 Bridged systems C07D0513200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0513220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0515000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having nitrogen, oxygen, and sulphur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C07D0515020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0515040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0515060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0515080000 Bridged systems C07D0515100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0515120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0515140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0515160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0515180000 Bridged systems C07D0515200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0515220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0517000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing in the condensed system at least one hetero ring having selenium, tellurium, or halogen atoms as ring hetero atoms C07D0517020000 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings C07D0517040000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0517060000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0517080000 Bridged systems C07D0517100000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0517120000 in which the condensed system contains three hetero rings C07D0517140000 Ortho-condensed systems C07D0517160000 Peri-condensed systems C07D0517180000 Bridged systems C07D0517200000 Spiro-condensed systems C07D0517220000 in which the condensed system contains four or more hetero rings C07D0519000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing more than one system of two or more relevant hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system not provided for in groups ; C07D0453000000; or C07D0455000000 C07D0519020000 Ergot alkaloids of the cyclic peptide type C07D0519040000 Dimeric indole alkaloids, e.g. vincaleucoblastine C07D0521000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing unspecified hetero rings C07F ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC, OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULPHUR, SELENIUM, OR TELLURIUM (metal-containing porphyrins C07D0487220000);; C07F0001000000 Compounds containing elements of the 1st Group of the Periodic System C07F0001020000 Lithium compounds C07F0001040000 Sodium compounds C07F0001060000 Potassium compounds C07F0001080000 Copper compounds C07F0001100000 Silver compounds C07F0001120000 Gold compounds C07F0003000000 Compounds containing elements of the 2nd Group of the Periodic System C07F0003020000 Magnesium compounds C07F0003040000 Calcium compounds C07F0003060000 Zinc compounds C07F0003080000 Cadmium compounds C07F0003100000 Mercury compounds C07F0003120000 Aromatic substances containing mercury C07F0003140000 Heterocyclic substances containing mercury C07F0005000000 Compounds containing elements of the 3rd Group of the Periodic System C07F0005020000 Boron compounds C07F0005040000 Esters of boric acids C07F0005050000 Cyclic compounds having at least one ring containing boron but no carbon in the ring C07F0005060000 Aluminium compounds C07F0007000000 Compounds containing elements of the 4th Group of the Periodic System C07F0007020000 Silicon compounds C07F0007040000 Esters of silicic acids C07F0007060000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0007070000 Cyclic esters C07F0007080000 Compounds having one or more C; Si linkages C07F0007100000 containing nitrogen C07F0007120000 Organo silicon halides C07F0007140000 Preparation thereof from halogenated silanes and hydrocarbons C07F0007160000 Preparation thereof from silicon and halogenated hydrocarbons C07F0007180000 Compounds having one or more C; Si linkages as well as one or more COSi linkages C07F0007200000 Purification; Separation C07F0007210000 Cyclic compounds having at least one ring containing silicon but no carbon in the ring C07F0007220000 Tin compounds C07F0007240000 Lead compounds C07F0007260000 Tetra-alkyl lead compounds C07F0007280000 Titanium compounds C07F0007300000 Germanium compounds C07F0009000000 Compounds containing elements of the 5th Group of the Periodic System C07F0009020000 Phosphorus compounds (sugar phosphates C07H0011040000;nucleotides C07H0019000000, C07H0021000000) C07F0009040000 Reaction products of phosphorus sulphur compounds with hydrocarbons C07F0009060000 without P; C bonds C07F0009080000 Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus C07F0009090000 Esters of phosphoric acids C07F0009100000 Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin C07F0009110000 with hydroxyalkyl compounds without further substituents on alkyl C07F0009113000 with unsaturated acyclic alcohols C07F0009117000 with cycloaliphatic alcohols C07F0009120000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0009140000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009141000 Esters of phosphorous acids C07F0009142000 with hydroxyalkyl compounds without further substitutents on alkyl C07F0009143000 with unsaturated acyclic alcohols C07F0009144000 with cycloaliphatic alcohols C07F0009145000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0009146000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009150000 Cyclic esters C07F0009160000 Esters of thiophosphoric acids or thiophosphorous acids C07F0009165000 Esters of thiophosphoric acids C07F0009170000 with hydroxyalkyl compounds without further substituents on alkyl C07F0009173000 with unsaturated acyclic alcohols C07F0009177000 with cycloaliphatic alcohols C07F0009180000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0009200000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009201000 Esters of thiophosphorous acids C07F0009202000 with hydroxyalkyl compounds without further substituents on alkyl C07F0009203000 with unsaturated acyclic alcohols C07F0009204000 with cycloaliphatic alcohols C07F0009205000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0009206000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009210000 Cyclic esters C07F0009220000 Amides of acids of phosphorus C07F0009240000 Esteramides C07F0009260000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009280000 with one or more P; C bonds C07F0009300000 Phosphinic acids (R; 2=P(:O) OH)Thiophosphinic acids C07F0009320000 Esters thereof C07F0009340000 Halides thereof C07F0009360000 Amides thereof C07F0009380000 Phosphonic acids (R; P (:O) (OH)2)Thiophosphonic acids C07F0009400000 Esters thereof C07F0009420000 Halides thereof C07F0009440000 Amides thereof C07F0009460000 Phosphinous acids R; 2=POHThiophosphinous acids C07F0009480000 Phosphonous acids R; P (OH)2Thiophosphonous acids C07F0009500000 Organo-phosphines C07F0009520000 Halophosphines C07F0009530000 Organo-phosphine oxides; Organo-phosphine sulphides C07F0009535000 Organo-phosphoranes C07F0009540000 Quaternary phosphonium compounds C07F0009560000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more ethylenimine rings C07F0009580000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more pyridine rings C07F0009600000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more quinoline rings C07F0009620000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more isoquinoline rings C07F0009640000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more acridine rings C07F0009650000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more N-containing rings not provided for above C07F0009660000 Arsenic compounds C07F0009680000 without As; C bonds C07F0009700000 Organo-arsenic compounds C07F0009720000 Aliphatic compounds C07F0009740000 Aromatic compounds C07F0009760000 containing hydroxyl groups C07F0009780000 containing amino groups C07F0009800000 Heterocyclic compounds C07F0009820000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more pyridine rings C07F0009840000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more quinoline rings C07F0009860000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more isoquinoline rings C07F0009880000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more acridine rings C07F0009900000 Antimony compounds C07F0009920000 Aromatic compounds C07F0009940000 Bismuth compounds C07F0011000000 Compounds containing elements of the 6th Group of the Periodic System C07F0013000000 Compounds containing elements of the 7th Group of the Periodic System C07F0015000000 Compounds containing elements of the 8th Group of the Periodic System C07F0015020000 Iron compounds C07F0015030000 Sideramines; The corresponding desferri compounds C07F0015040000 Nickel compounds C07F0015060000 Cobalt compounds C07F0017000000 Metallocenes C07F0017020000 of metals of the iron group or the platinum group C07G COMPOUNDS OF UNKNOWN CONSTITUTION C07G0001000000 Lignin; Lignin derivatives C07G0003000000 Glycosides (polysaccharides C08B);; C07G0005000000 Alkaloids C07G0007000000 Proteins; Albumens; Nucleoproteins; Degradation products of proteins (foodstuffs A23;enzymes C12N0009000000, C12N0011000000) C07G0007040000 Metal compounds C07G0007060000 of keratin or its degradation products C07G0009000000 Ichthyol C07G0011000000 Antibiotics C07G0013000000 Vitamins (vitamin K1 C07C0050140000;pantothenic acid C07C0103500000; vitamins of the D group C07C0172000000; vitamin A C07C0175000000; pyridoxal, pyridoxamin C07D0213660000; pyridoxin C07D0213670000; vitamin C C07D0307620000; tocopherols C07D0311720000; lipoic acid C07D0339040000; vitamin B1 C07D0415000000; riboflavin C07D0487040000; biotin C07D0495040000; sideramines, corresponding desferri compounds C07F0015030000; vitamin B12 C07H0023000000) C07G0015000000 Hormones C07G0017000000 Other compounds of unknown constitution C07H SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF (derivatives of aldonic or saccharic acids C07C, C07D;aldonic acids, saccharic acids C07C0059105000, C07C0059285000; cyanohydrins C07C0121360000; glycals C07D; compounds of unknown constitution C07G; polysaccharides, derivatives thereof C08B; sugar and starch industry C13) C07H0001000000 Processes for the preparation of sugar derivatives C07H0001020000 Phosphorylation C07H0001040000 Introducing polyphosphoric acid radicals C07H0001060000 Separation; Purification C07H0001080000 from natural products C07H0003000000 Compounds containing only hydrogen atoms and saccharide radicals having only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms (preparation by hydrolysis of di- or polysaccharides C13;separation or purification of sucrose, glucose, fructose, lactose or maltose C13) C07H0003020000 Monosaccharides C07H0003040000 Disaccharides C07H0003060000 Oligosaccharides, i.e. having three to five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages C07H0003080000 Deoxysugars; Unsaturated sugars (1,2-dideoxy-1-enoses C07D);;Osones C07H0003100000 Anhydrosugars, e.g. epoxides C07H0005000000 Compounds containing saccharide radicals in which hetero bonds to oxygen have been replaced by the same number of hetero bonds to halogen, nitrogen, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C07H0005020000 to halogen C07H0005040000 to nitrogen C07H0005060000 Aminosugars C07H0005080000 to sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C07H0005100000 to sulphur C07H0007000000 Compounds containing non-saccharide radicals linked to saccharide radicals by a carbon-to-carbon bond C07H0007020000 Acyclic radicals, e.g. glucuronic acids C07H0007040000 Carbocyclic radicals C07H0007060000 Heterocyclic radicals C07H0009000000 Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing at least two hetero atoms with a saccharide radical C07H0009020000 the hetero ring containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms C07H0009040000 Cyclic acetals C07H0009060000 the hetero ring containing nitrogen as ring hetero atoms C07H0011000000 Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by inorganic acids; Metal salts thereof (halo-sugars C07H0005020000;thio-, seleno-, or telluro-sugars C07H0005080000; esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof C07H0013120000) C07H0011020000 Nitrates; Nitrites C07H0011040000 Phosphates; Phosphites; Polyphosphates (phosphonates C07H0013000000);; C07H0013000000 Compounds containing saccharide radicals esterified by carbonic acid or derivatives thereof, or by organic acids, e.g. phosphonic acids C07H0013020000 by carboxylic acids C07H0013040000 having the esterifying carboxyl radicals attached to acyclic carbon atoms C07H0013060000 Fatty acids C07H0013080000 having the esterifying carboxyl radicals directly attached to carbocyclic rings C07H0013100000 having the esterifying carboxyl radicals directly attached to heterocyclic rings C07H0013120000 by acids having the group ; XC (=X)X, or halides thereof, in which X means nitrogen, oxygen, sulphur, selenium, or tellurium, e.g. carbonic acid, carbamic acid C07H0015000000 Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals C07H0015020000 Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures C07H0015040000 attached to an oxygen atom of a saccharide radical C07H0015060000 Fatty acid esters of sugar ethers C07H0015080000 Polyoxyalkylene derivatives (polyoxyalkylene derivatives of polyols in general C07C0041000000, C07C0043000000);; C07H0015100000 containing unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C07H0015120000 attached to a nitrogen atom of a saccharide radical C07H0015140000 attached to a sulphur, selenium or tellurium atom of a saccharide radical C07H0015160000 Lincomycin; Derivatives thereof C07H0015180000 Acyclic radicals, substituted by carbocyclic rings C07H0015200000 Carbocyclic rings C07H0015220000 Cyclohexyl radicals, substituted by nitrogen atoms, e.g. streptomycins C07H0015240000 Condensed ring systems having three or more rings (steroid glycosides C07J);; C07H0015260000 Acyclic or carbocyclic radicals, substituted by hetero rings C07H0017000000 Compounds containing heterocyclic radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals C07H0017020000 Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen as ring hetero atoms C07H0017040000 Heterocyclic radicals containing only oxygen as ring hetero atoms C07H0017060000 Benzopyran radicals, e.g. anthocyanins C07H0017080000 Hetero rings containing eight or more ring members, e.g. erythromycins C07H0019000000 Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Mononucleotides C07H0019020000 sharing nitrogen C07H0019040000 Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen as ring hetero atom C07H0019060000 Pyrimidine radicals C07H0019080000 with the saccharide radical being esterified by carboxylic acids C07H0019100000 with the saccharide radical being esterified by phosphoric acids C07H0019120000 Triazine radicals C07H0019140000 Pyrrolo-pyrimidine radicals C07H0019160000 Purine radicals C07H0019180000 with the saccharide radical being esterified by carboxylic acids C07H0019200000 with the saccharide radical being esterified by phosphoric acids C07H0019220000 Pteridine radicals C07H0019240000 Heterocyclic radicals containing oxygen or sulphur as ring hetero atom C07H0021000000 Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units, e.g. nucleic acids C07H0021020000 with ribosyl as saccharide radical C07H0021040000 with deoxyribosyl as saccharide radical C07H0023000000 Compounds containing boron, silicon, or a metal, e.g. chelates, vitamin B 12(esters with inorganic acids C07H0011000000;metal salts, see parent compounds); C07J STEROIDS (seco-steroids C07C);; C07J0001000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, not substituted in position 17 beta by a carbon atom, e.g. estrane, androstane C07J0003000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by one carbon atom C07J0005000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms, e.g. pregnane, and substituted in position 21 by only one singly bound oxygen atom C07J0007000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of two carbon atoms (C07J0005000000 takes precedence);; C07J0009000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, substituted in position 17 beta by a chain of more than two carbon atoms, e.g. cholane, cholestane, coprostane C07J0011000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, not substituted in position 3 C07J0013000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, having a double bond from or to position 17 C07J0015000000 Stereochemically pure steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, having a partially or totally inverted skeleton, e.g. retrosteroids, L-isomers C07J0017000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, having an oxygen-containing hetero ring not condensed with the cyclopenta (a) phenantrene skeleton (cardanolide, bufanolide C07J0019000000);; C07J0019000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, substituted in position 17 by a lactone ring C07J0021000000 Normal steroids containing carbon, hydrogen, halogen, or oxygen, having an oxygen-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed with the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton C07J0031000000 Normal steroids containing one or more sulphur atoms not belonging to a hetero ring C07J0033000000 Normal steroids having a sulphur-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton C07J0041000000 Normal steroids containing one or more nitrogen atoms not belonging to a hetero ring C07J0043000000 Normal steroids having a nitrogen-containing hetero ring spiro-condensed or not condensed with the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton C07J0051000000 Normal steroids with unmodified cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton not provided for in groups ; C07J0001000000-C07J0043000000 C07J0053000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton has been modified by spiro linkage with a carbocyclic ring system or by formation of an additional ring by means of a direct link between two ring carbon atoms C07J0061000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton has been modified by contraction of only one ring by one or two atoms C07J0063000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton has been modified by expansion of only one ring by one or two atoms C07J0065000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton has been modified by contraction of two rings, each by one atom C07J0067000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton has been modified by expansion of two rings, each by one atom C07J0069000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton has been modified by contraction of only one ring by one atom and expansion of only one ring by one atom C07J0071000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton is condensed with a heterocyclic ring (spiro condensed heterocyclic rings C07J0021000000, C07J0033000000, C07J0043000000);; C07J0073000000 Steroids in which the cyclopenta (a) phenanthrene skeleton has been modified by substitution of one or two carbon atoms by hetero atoms C08 ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON (production of artificial threads, fibres, bristles or ribbons D01);; C08B POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF (polysaccharides containing less than six saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages C07H;fermentation or enzyme-using processes C12P0019000000; production of starch, sugar, or like carbohydrates C13; production of cellulose D21) C08B0001000000 Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof C08B0001020000 Rendering cellulose suitable for esterification C08B0001040000 for the preparation of cellulose nitrate C08B0001060000 Rendering cellulose suitable for etherification C08B0001080000 alkali cellulose C08B0001100000 Apparatus for the preparation of alkali cellulose C08B0001120000 Steeping devices C08B0001140000 Ripening devices C08B0003000000 Preparation of cellulose esters of organic acids C08B0003020000 Catalysts used for the esterification C08B0003040000 cellulose formate C08B0003060000 cellulose acetate C08B0003080000 of monobasic organic acids with three or more carbon atoms C08B0003100000 with five or more carbon atoms C08B0003120000 of polybasic organic acids C08B0003140000 in which the organic acid residue contains substituents, e.g. NH; 2, Cl C08B0003160000 Preparation of mixed organic cellulose esters C08B0003180000 Aceto-butyrates C08B0003200000 Esterification with maintenance of the fibrous structure of the cellulose (surface esterification of textiles D06M0013000000);; C08B0003220000 Post-esterification treatments, including purification C08B0003240000 Hydrolysis or ripening C08B0003260000 Isolation of the cellulose ester C08B0003280000 by precipitation C08B0003300000 Stabilising (by addition of stabilisers C08K);; C08B0003320000 Recovery of waste materials C08B0005000000 Preparation of cellulose esters of inorganic acids C08B0005020000 cellulose nitrate C08B0005040000 post-esterification treatments, including purification C08B0005060000 Isolation of the cellulose nitrate C08B0005080000 Stabilisation (by addition of stabilisers C08K);; C08B0005100000 Reducing the viscosity C08B0005120000 Replacing the water by organic liquids C08B0005140000 cellulose sulphate C08B0005160000 Recovery of waste materials C08B0007000000 Preparation of cellulose esters of both organic and inorganic acids C08B0009000000 Cellulose xanthate; Viscose C08B0009020000 Sulphidisers; Dissolvers C08B0009040000 Continuous processes C08B0009060000 Single-stage processes C08B0009080000 Recovery of waste materials C08B0011000000 Preparation of cellulose ethers C08B0011020000 alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers C08B0011040000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals C08B0011060000 with halogen-substituted hydrocarbon radicals C08B0011080000 with hydroxylated hydrocarbon radicals; Esters, ethers, or acetals thereof C08B0011100000 substituted with acid radicals C08B0011120000 substituted with carboxylic radicals C08B0011140000 with nitrogen-containing groups C08B0011145000 with basic nitrogen, e.g. aminoalkyl ethers C08B0011150000 with carbamoyl groups C08B0011155000 with cyano groups, e.g. cyanoalkyl ethers C08B0011160000 aryl or aralkyl ethers C08B0011180000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals C08B0011187000 with olefinic unsaturated groups C08B0011193000 Mixed ethers, i.e. ethers with two or more different etherifying groups C08B0011200000 Post-etherification treatments, including purification C08B0011220000 Isolation C08B0013000000 Preparation of cellulose ether-esters C08B0013020000 cellulose ether xanthates C08B0015000000 Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose C08B0015020000 oxycellulose; hydrocellulose; cellulose hydrate C08B0015040000 carboxycellulose, e.g. prepared by oxidation with nitrogen dioxide C08B0015050000 Derivatives containing elements other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, halogen, or sulphur (esters of phosphorus acids C08B0005000000);; C08B0015060000 containing nitrogen C08B0015080000 Fractionation of cellulose, e.g. separation of cellulose crystallites C08B0015100000 Crosslinking of cellulose C08B0016000000 Regeneration of cellulose C08B0017000000 Apparatus for esterification or etherification of cellulose C08B0017020000 for making organic esters of cellulose C08B0017040000 for making cellulose nitrate C08B0017060000 for making cellulose ethers C08B0031000000 Preparation of derivatives of starch (derivatives of amylose C08B0033000000;derivatives of amylopectin C08B0035000000) C08B0031020000 Esters C08B0031040000 of organic acids C08B0031060000 of inorganic acids C08B0031080000 Ethers C08B0031100000 Alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers C08B0031120000 having alkyl or cycloalkyl radicals substituted by hetero atoms C08B0031140000 Aryl or aralkyl ethers C08B0031160000 Ether-esters C08B0031180000 Oxidised starch C08B0033000000 Preparation of derivatives of amylose C08B0033020000 Esters C08B0033040000 Ethers C08B0033060000 Ether-esters C08B0033080000 Oxidised amylose C08B0035000000 Preparation of derivatives of amylopectin C08B0035020000 Esters C08B0035040000 Ethers C08B0035060000 Ether-esters C08B0035080000 Oxidised amylopectin C08B0037000000 Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups ; C08B0001000000-C08B0035000000; Derivatives thereof (starch, dextrin, or similar carbohydrates C13L;cellulose D21) C08B0037020000 Dextran; Derivatives thereof C08B0037040000 Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof (foodstuff preparations A23L0001040000);; C08B0037060000 Pectin; Derivatives thereof C08B0037080000 Chitin; Chondroitin sulphate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof C08B0037100000 Heparin; Derivatives thereof C08B0037120000 Agar-agar; Derivatives thereof C08B0037140000 Hemicellulose; Derivatives thereof C08B0037160000 Cyclodextrin; Derivatives thereof C08C TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS C08C0001000000 Treatment of rubber latex C08C0001020000 Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before or during concentration C08C0001040000 Purifying; Deproteinising C08C0001060000 Preservation of rubber latex (preserving ingredients C08K);; C08C0001065000 Increasing the size of dispersed rubber particles C08C0001070000 characterised by the agglomerating agents used C08C0001075000 Concentrating C08C0001080000 with the aid of creaming agents C08C0001100000 by centrifugation C08C0001120000 by evaporation C08C0001140000 Coagulation C08C0001150000 characterised by the coagulants used C08C0001160000 in floc form C08C0002000000 Treatment of rubber solutions C08C0002020000 Purification C08C0002040000 Removal of catalyst residues C08C0002060000 Winning of rubber from solutions C08C0003000000 Treatment of coagulated rubber C08C0003020000 Purification C08C0004000000 Treatment of rubber before vulcanisation, not provided for in groups ; C08C0001000000-C08C0003020000 C08C0019000000 Chemical modification of rubber (crosslinking agents, other than provided for by group C08C0019300000, C08K);; C08C0019020000 Hydrogenation C08C0019040000 Oxidation C08C0019060000 Epoxidation C08C0019080000 Depolymerisation C08C0019100000 Isomerisation; Cyclisation C08C0019120000 Incorporating halogen atoms into the molecule C08C0019140000 by reaction with halogens C08C0019160000 by reaction with hydrogen halides C08C0019180000 by reaction with hydrocarbons substituted by halogen C08C0019200000 Incorporating sulphur atoms into the molecule C08C0019220000 Incorporating nitrogen atoms into the molecule C08C0019240000 Incorporating phosphorus atoms into the molecule C08C0019260000 Incorporating metal atoms into the molecule C08C0019280000 Reaction with compounds containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds (graft polymers C08F);; C08C0019300000 Addition of a reagent which reacts with a hetero atom or a group containing hetero atoms of the macromolecule C08C0019320000 reacting with halogens or halogen-containing groups C08C0019340000 reacting with oxygen or oxygen-containing groups C08C0019360000 with carboxy radicals C08C0019380000 with hydroxy radicals C08C0019400000 with epoxy radicals C08C0019420000 reacting with metals or metal-containing groups C08C0019440000 of polymers containing metal atoms exclusively at one or both ends of the skeleton C08F MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS C08F0002000000 Processes of polymerisation C08F0002020000 Polymerisation in bulk C08F0002040000 Polymerisation in solution (C08F0002320000 takes precedence);; C08F0002060000 Organic solvent C08F0002080000 with the aid of dispersing agents for the polymer C08F0002100000 Aqueous solvent C08F0002120000 Polymerisation in non-solvents (C08F0002320000 takes precedence);; C08F0002140000 Organic medium C08F0002160000 Aqueous medium C08F0002180000 Suspension polymerisation C08F0002200000 with the aid of macromolecular dispersing agents C08F0002220000 Emulsion polymerisation C08F0002240000 with the aid of emulsifying agents C08F0002260000 anionic C08F0002280000 cationic C08F0002300000 non-ionic C08F0002320000 Polymerisation in water-in-oil emulsions C08F0002340000 Polymerisation in gaseous state C08F0002360000 Polymerisation in solid state C08F0002380000 Polymerisation using regulators, e.g. chain terminating agents C08F0002400000 using retarding agents C08F0002420000 using short-stopping agents C08F0002440000 Polymerisation in the presence of compounding ingredients, e.g. plasticisers, dyestuffs, fillers C08F0002460000 Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or particle radiation C08F0002480000 by ultra-violet or visible light C08F0002500000 with sensitising agents C08F0002520000 by electric discharge, e.g. voltolisation C08F0002540000 by X-rays or electrons C08F0002560000 by ultrasonic vibrations C08F0002580000 Polymerisation initiated by direct application of electric current (electrolytic processes, e.g. electrophoresis, C25);; C08F0002600000 Polymerisation by the diene synthesis C08F0004000000 Polymerisation catalysts (catalysts in general B01J);; C08F0004020000 Carriers therefor C08F0004040000 Azo-compounds C08F0004060000 Metallic compounds other than hydrides and other than metallo-organic compounds; Boron halide or aluminium halide complexes with organic compounds containing oxygen C08F0004080000 of alkali metals C08F0004100000 of alkaline earth metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, or silver C08F0004120000 of boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, or rare earths C08F0004140000 Boron halides or aluminium halides; Complexes thereof with organic compounds containing oxygen C08F0004160000 of silicon, germanium, tin, lead, titanium, zirconium or hafnium C08F0004180000 Oxides C08F0004200000 of antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, or tantalum C08F0004220000 of chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten C08F0004240000 Oxides C08F0004260000 of manganese, iron group metals, or platinum group metals C08F0004280000 Oxygen or compounds releasing free oxygen (redox systems C08F0004400000);; C08F0004300000 Inorganic compounds C08F0004320000 Organic compounds C08F0004340000 Per-compounds with one peroxy-radical C08F0004360000 Per-compounds with more than one peroxy-radical C08F0004380000 Mixtures of peroxy-compounds C08F0004400000 Redox systems C08F0004420000 Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors C08F0004440000 selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths, or actinides C08F0004460000 selected from alkali metals C08F0004480000 selected from lithium, rubidium, caesium, or francium C08F0004500000 selected from alkaline earth metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, or silver C08F0004520000 selected from boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, or rare earths (C08F0004140000 takes precedence);; C08F0004540000 together with other compounds thereof C08F0004560000 Alkali metals being the only metals present, e.g. Alfin catalysts C08F0004580000 together with silicon, germanium, tin, lead, antimony, bismuth, or compounds thereof C08F0004600000 together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium, or compounds thereof C08F0004620000 Refractory metals or compounds thereof C08F0004640000 Titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or compounds thereof C08F0004660000 with metallic light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths, or actinides C08F0004680000 Vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof C08F0004700000 Iron group metals, platinum group metals, or compounds thereof C08F0004720000 selected from metals not provided for in group C08F0004440000; (C08F0004540000-C08F0004700000; take precedence);; C08F0004740000 selected from refractory metals C08F0004760000 selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, or tantalum C08F0004780000 selected from chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten C08F0004800000 selected from iron group metals or platinum group metals C08F0004820000 pi-Allyl complexes C08F0006000000 Post-polymerisation treatments (C08F0008000000 takes precedence;of conjugated diene rubbers C08C) C08F0006020000 Neutralisation of the polymerisation mass, e.g. killing the catalyst (short-stopping C08F0002420000);; C08F0006040000 Fractionation C08F0006060000 Treatment of polymer solutions C08F0006080000 Removal of catalyst residues C08F0006100000 Removal of volatile materials, e.g. monomers, solvents C08F0006120000 Separation of polymers from solutions C08F0006140000 Treatment of polymer emulsions C08F0006160000 Purification C08F0006180000 Increasing the size of the dispersed particles C08F0006200000 Concentration C08F0006220000 Coagulation C08F0006240000 Treatment of polymer suspensions C08F0006260000 Treatment of polymers prepared in bulk C08F0006280000 Purification C08F0008000000 Chemical modification by after-treatment (graft polymers, block polymers, crosslinking with unsaturated monomers or with polymers C08F0251000000-C08F0299000000; of conjugated diene rubbers C08C; crosslinking in general C08J) C08F0008020000 Alkylation C08F0008040000 Reduction, e.g. hydrogenation C08F0008060000 Oxidation C08F0008080000 Epoxidation C08F0008100000 Acylation C08F0008120000 Hydrolysis C08F0008140000 Esterification C08F0008160000 Lactonisation C08F0008180000 Introducing halogen atoms or halogen-containing groups C08F0008200000 Halogenation C08F0008220000 by reaction with free halogens C08F0008240000 Haloalkylation C08F0008260000 Removing halogen atoms or halogen-containing groups from the molecule C08F0008280000 Condensation with aldehydes or ketones C08F0008300000 Introducing nitrogen atoms or nitrogen-containing groups (polymeric products of isocyanates or thiocyanates C08G);; C08F0008320000 by reaction with amines C08F0008340000 Introducing sulphur atoms or sulphur-containing groups C08F0008360000 Sulphonation; Sulphation C08F0008380000 Sulphohalogenation C08F0008400000 Introducing phosphorus atoms or phosphorus-containing groups C08F0008420000 Introducing metal atoms or metal-containing groups C08F0008440000 Preparation of metal salts or ammonium salts C08F0008460000 Reaction with unsaturated dicarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof, e.g. maleinisation C08F0008480000 Isomerisation; Cyclisation C08F0008500000 Partial depolymerisation C08F0010000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond C08F0010020000 Ethene C08F0010040000 Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms C08F0010060000 Propene C08F0010080000 Butenes C08F0010100000 Isobutene C08F0010140000 Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms C08F0012000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring C08F0012020000 Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0012040000 containing one ring C08F0012060000 Hydrocarbons C08F0012080000 Styrene C08F0012120000 Monomers containing a branched unsaturated aliphatic radical or a ring substituted by an alkyl radical C08F0012140000 substituted by hetero atoms or groups containing hetero atoms C08F0012160000 Halogens C08F0012180000 Chlorine C08F0012200000 Fluorine C08F0012220000 Oxygen C08F0012240000 Phenols or alcohols C08F0012260000 Nitrogen C08F0012280000 Amines C08F0012300000 Sulphur C08F0012320000 containing two or more rings C08F0012340000 Monomers containing two or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals C08F0012360000 Divinylbenzene C08F0014000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen C08F0014020000 Monomers containing chlorine C08F0014040000 Monomers containing two carbon atoms C08F0014060000 Vinyl chloride C08F0014080000 Vinylidene chloride C08F0014120000 1, 2-Dichloroethene C08F0014140000 Monomers containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0014160000 Monomers containing bromine or iodine C08F0014180000 Monomers containing fluorine C08F0014200000 Vinyl fluoride C08F0014220000 Vinylidene fluoride C08F0014240000 Trifluorochloroethene C08F0014260000 Tetrafluoroethene C08F0014280000 Hexafluoropropene C08F0016000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical C08F0016020000 by an alcohol radical C08F0016040000 Acyclic compounds C08F0016060000 Polyvinyl alcohol C08F0016080000 Allyl alcohol C08F0016100000 Carbocyclic compounds C08F0016120000 by an ether radical C08F0016140000 Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0016160000 Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen C08F0016180000 Acyclic compounds C08F0016200000 Monomers containing three or more carbon atoms in the unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0016220000 Carbocyclic compounds C08F0016240000 Monomers containing halogen C08F0016260000 Monomers containing oxygen atoms in addition to the ether oxygen C08F0016280000 Monomers containing nitrogen C08F0016300000 Monomers containing sulphur C08F0016320000 Monomers containing two or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals C08F0016340000 by an aldehydo radical C08F0016360000 by a ketonic radical C08F0016380000 by an acetal or ketal radical C08F0018000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acid C08F0018020000 Esters of monocarboxylic acids C08F0018040000 Vinyl esters C08F0018060000 Vinyl formate C08F0018080000 Vinyl acetate C08F0018100000 of monocarboxylic acids containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0018120000 with unsaturated alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0018140000 Esters of polycarboxylic acids C08F0018160000 with alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0018180000 Diallyl phthalate C08F0018200000 Esters containing halogen C08F0018220000 Esters containing nitrogen C08F0018240000 Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids C08F0020000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide, or nitrile thereof C08F0020020000 Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof C08F0020040000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0020060000 Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0020080000 Anhydrides C08F0020100000 Esters C08F0020120000 of monohydric alcohols or phenols C08F0020140000 Methyl esters C08F0020160000 of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms C08F0020180000 with acrylic or methacrylic acids C08F0020200000 of polyhydric alcohols or phenols C08F0020220000 Esters containing halogen C08F0020240000 containing perhaloalkyl radicals C08F0020260000 Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0020280000 containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety C08F0020300000 containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety C08F0020320000 containing epoxy radicals C08F0020340000 Esters containing nitrogen C08F0020360000 containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0020380000 Esters containing sulphur C08F0020400000 Esters of unsaturated alcohols C08F0020420000 Nitriles C08F0020440000 Acrylonitrile C08F0020500000 containing four or more carbon atoms C08F0020520000 Amides or imides C08F0020540000 Amides C08F0020560000 Acrylamide; Methacrylamide C08F0020580000 containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen C08F0020600000 containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen C08F0020620000 Monocarboxylic acids having ten or more carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof C08F0020640000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0020660000 Anhydrides C08F0020680000 Esters C08F0020700000 Nitriles; Amides; Imides C08F0022000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof C08F0022020000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0022040000 Anhydrides, e.g. cyclic anhydrides C08F0022060000 Maleic anhydride C08F0022100000 Esters C08F0022120000 of phenols or saturated alcohols C08F0022140000 Esters having no free carboxylic acid groups C08F0022160000 Esters having free carboxylic acid groups C08F0022180000 Esters containing halogen C08F0022200000 Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0022220000 Esters containing nitrogen C08F0022240000 Esters containing sulphur C08F0022260000 of unsaturated alcohols C08F0022280000 Diallyl maleate C08F0022300000 Nitriles C08F0022320000 alpha-Cyano-acrylic acid; Esters thereof C08F0022340000 Vinylidene cyanide C08F0022360000 Amides or imides C08F0022380000 Amides C08F0022400000 Imides, e.g. cyclic imides C08F0024000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygen (cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08F0018000000;cyclic anhydrides of unsaturated acids C08F0020000000, C08F0022000000) C08F0026000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen C08F0026020000 by a single or double bond to nitrogen C08F0026040000 Diallylamine C08F0026060000 by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen C08F0026080000 N-Vinyl-pyrrolidine C08F0026100000 N-Vinyl-pyrrolidone C08F0026120000 N-Vinyl-carbazole C08F0028000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulphur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulphur C08F0028020000 by a bond to sulphur C08F0028040000 Thioethers C08F0028060000 by a heterocyclic ring containing sulphur C08F0030000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal (metal salts, e.g. phenolates or alcoholates, see the parent compounds);; C08F0030020000 containing phosphorus C08F0030040000 containing a metal C08F0030060000 containing boron C08F0030080000 containing silicon C08F0030100000 containing germanium C08F0032000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system C08F0032020000 having no condensed rings C08F0032040000 having one carbon-to-carbon double bond C08F0032060000 having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0032080000 having condensed rings (coumarone-indene polymers C08F0244000000);; C08F0034000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a heterocyclic ring (cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08F0018000000;cyclic anhydrides or imides C08F0022000000) C08F0034020000 in a ring containing oxygen (coumarone-indene polymers C08F0244000000);; C08F0034040000 in a ring containing sulphur C08F0036000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds (C08F0032000000 takes precedence);; C08F0036020000 the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0036040000 conjugated C08F0036060000 Butadiene C08F0036080000 Isoprene C08F0036140000 containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen C08F0036160000 containing halogen C08F0036180000 containing chlorine C08F0036200000 unconjugated C08F0036220000 the radical having three or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0038000000 Homopolymers and copolymers of compounds having one or more carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C08F0038020000 Acetylene C08F0038040000 Vinylacetylene C08F0110000000 Homopolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond C08F0110020000 Ethene C08F0110040000 Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms C08F0110060000 Propene C08F0110080000 Butenes C08F0110100000 Isobutene C08F0110140000 Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms C08F0112000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring C08F0112020000 Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0112040000 containing one ring C08F0112060000 Hydrocarbons C08F0112080000 Styrene C08F0112120000 Monomers containing a branched unsaturated aliphatic radical or a ring substituted by an alkyl radical C08F0112140000 substituted by hetero atoms or groups containing hetero atoms C08F0112320000 containing two or more rings C08F0112340000 Monomers containing two or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals C08F0112360000 Divinylbenzene C08F0114000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen C08F0114020000 Monomers containing chlorine C08F0114040000 Monomers containing two carbon atoms C08F0114060000 Vinyl chloride C08F0114080000 Vinylidene chloride C08F0114120000 1,2-Dichloroethene C08F0114140000 Monomers containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0114160000 Monomers containing bromine or iodine C08F0114180000 Monomers containing fluorine C08F0114200000 Vinyl fluoride C08F0114220000 Vinylidene fluoride C08F0114240000 Trifluorochloroethene C08F0114260000 Tetrafluoroethene C08F0114280000 Hexafluoropropene C08F0116000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical C08F0116020000 by an alcohol radical C08F0116040000 Acyclic compounds C08F0116060000 Polyvinyl alcohol C08F0116080000 Allyl alcohol C08F0116100000 Carbocyclic compounds C08F0116120000 by an ether radical C08F0116140000 Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0116160000 Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen C08F0116180000 Acyclic compounds C08F0116200000 Monomers containing three or more carbon atoms in the unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0116340000 by an aldehydo radical C08F0116360000 by a ketonic radical C08F0116380000 by an acetal or ketal radical C08F0118000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acid C08F0118020000 Esters of monocarboxylic acids C08F0118040000 Vinyl esters C08F0118060000 Vinyl formate C08F0118080000 Vinyl acetate C08F0118100000 of monocarboxylic acids containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0118120000 with unsaturated alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0118140000 Esters of polycarboxylic acids C08F0118160000 with alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0118180000 Diallyl phthalate C08F0120000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide, or nitrile thereof C08F0120020000 Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof C08F0120040000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0120060000 Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0120080000 Anhydrides C08F0120100000 Esters C08F0120120000 of monohydric alcohols or phenols C08F0120140000 Methyl esters C08F0120160000 of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms C08F0120180000 with acrylic or methacrylic acids C08F0120200000 of polyhydric alcohols or phenols C08F0120220000 Esters containing halogen C08F0120240000 containing perhaloalkyl radicals C08F0120260000 Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0120280000 containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety C08F0120300000 containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety C08F0120320000 containing epoxy radicals C08F0120340000 Esters containing nitrogen C08F0120360000 containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0120380000 Esters containing sulphur C08F0120400000 Esters of unsaturated alcohols C08F0120420000 Nitriles C08F0120440000 Acrylonitrile C08F0120500000 containing four or more carbon atoms C08F0120520000 Amides or imides C08F0120540000 Amides C08F0120560000 Acrylamide; Methacrylamide C08F0120580000 containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen C08F0120600000 containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen C08F0120620000 Monocarboxylic acids having ten or more carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof C08F0120640000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0120660000 Anhydrides C08F0120680000 Esters C08F0120700000 Nitriles; Amides; Imides C08F0122000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof C08F0122020000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0122040000 Anhydrides, e.g. cyclic anhydrides C08F0122060000 Maleic anhydride C08F0122100000 Esters C08F0122120000 of phenols or saturated alcohols C08F0122140000 Esters having no free carboxylic acid groups C08F0122160000 Esters having free carboxylic acid groups C08F0122180000 Esters containing halogen C08F0122200000 Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0122220000 Esters containing nitrogen C08F0122240000 Esters containing sulphur C08F0122260000 of unsaturated alcohols C08F0122280000 Diallyl maleate C08F0122300000 Nitriles C08F0122320000 alpha-Cyano-acrylic acid; Esters thereof C08F0122340000 Vinylidene cyanide C08F0122360000 Amides or imides C08F0122380000 Amides C08F0122400000 Imides, e.g. cyclic imides C08F0124000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygen (cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08F0118000000;cyclic anhydrides of unsaturated acids C08F0120000000, C08F0122000000) C08F0126000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen C08F0126020000 by a single or double bond to nitrogen C08F0126040000 Diallylamine C08F0126060000 by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen C08F0126080000 N-Vinyl-pyrrolidine C08F0126100000 N-Vinyl-pyrrolidone C08F0126120000 N-Vinyl-carbazole C08F0128000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulphur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulphur C08F0128020000 by a bond to sulphur C08F0128040000 Thioethers C08F0128060000 by a heterocyclic ring containing sulphur C08F0130000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal (metal salts, e.g. phenolates or alcoholates, see the parent compounds);; C08F0130020000 containing phosphorus C08F0130040000 containing a metal C08F0130060000 containing boron C08F0130080000 containing silicon C08F0130100000 containing germanium C08F0132000000 Homopolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system C08F0132020000 having no condensed rings C08F0132040000 having one carbon-to-carbon double bond C08F0132060000 having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0132080000 having condensed rings C08F0134000000 Homopolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a heterocyclic ring (cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08F0118000000;cyclic anhydrides or imides C08F0122000000) C08F0134020000 in a ring containing oxygen C08F0134040000 in a ring containing sulphur C08F0136000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds (C08F0132000000 takes precedence);; C08F0136020000 the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0136040000 conjugated C08F0136060000 Butadiene C08F0136080000 Isoprene C08F0136140000 containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen C08F0136160000 containing halogen C08F0136180000 containing chlorine C08F0136200000 unconjugated C08F0136220000 the radical having three or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0138000000 Homopolymers of compounds having one or more carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C08F0138020000 Acetylene C08F0138040000 Vinylacetylene C08F0210000000 Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond C08F0210020000 Ethene C08F0210040000 Monomers containing three or four carbon atoms C08F0210060000 Propene C08F0210080000 Butenes C08F0210100000 Isobutene C08F0210120000 with conjugated diolefins, e.g. butyl rubber C08F0210140000 Monomers containing five or more carbon atoms C08F0210160000 Copolymers of ethene with alpha-alkenes, e.g. EP rubbers C08F0210180000 with non-conjugated dienes, e.g. EPT rubbers C08F0212000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring C08F0212020000 Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0212040000 containing one ring C08F0212060000 Hydrocarbons C08F0212080000 Styrene C08F0212100000 with nitriles C08F0212120000 Monomers containing a branched unsaturated aliphatic radical or a ring substituted by an alkyl radical C08F0212140000 substituted by hetero atoms or groups containing hetero atoms C08F0212320000 containing two or more rings C08F0212340000 Monomers containing two or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals C08F0212360000 Divinylbenzene C08F0214000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen C08F0214020000 Monomers containing chlorine C08F0214040000 Monomers containing two carbon atoms C08F0214060000 Vinyl chloride C08F0214080000 Vinylidene chloride C08F0214100000 with nitriles C08F0214120000 1,2-Dichloroethene C08F0214140000 Monomers containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0214160000 Monomers containing bromine or iodine C08F0214180000 Monomers containing fluorine C08F0214200000 Vinyl fluoride C08F0214220000 Vinylidene fluoride C08F0214240000 Trifluorochloroethene C08F0214260000 Tetrafluoroethene C08F0214280000 Hexafluoropropene C08F0216000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical C08F0216020000 by an alcohol radical C08F0216040000 Acyclic compounds C08F0216060000 Polyvinyl alcohol C08F0216080000 Allyl alcohol C08F0216100000 Carbocyclic compounds C08F0216120000 by an ether radical C08F0216140000 Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0216160000 Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen C08F0216180000 Acyclic compounds C08F0216200000 Monomers containing three or more carbon atoms in the unsaturated aliphatic radical C08F0216340000 by an aldehydo radical C08F0216360000 by a ketonic radical C08F0216380000 by an acetal or ketal radical C08F0218000000 Copolymers having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acid C08F0218020000 Esters of monocarboxylic acids C08F0218040000 Vinyl esters C08F0218060000 Vinyl formate C08F0218080000 Vinyl acetate C08F0218100000 of monocarboxylic acids containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0218120000 with unsaturated alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0218140000 Esters of polycarboxylic acids C08F0218160000 with alcohols containing three or more carbon atoms C08F0218180000 Diallyl phthalate C08F0220000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride, ester, amide, imide, or nitrile thereof C08F0220020000 Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof C08F0220040000 Acids; Metals salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0220060000 Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0220080000 Anhydrides C08F0220100000 Esters C08F0220120000 of monohydric alcohols or phenols C08F0220140000 Methyl esters C08F0220160000 of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms C08F0220180000 with acrylic or methacrylic acids C08F0220200000 of polyhydric alcohols or phenols C08F0220220000 Esters containing halogen C08F0220240000 containing perhaloalkyl radicals C08F0220260000 Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0220280000 containing no aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety C08F0220300000 containing aromatic rings in the alcohol moiety C08F0220320000 containing epoxy radicals C08F0220340000 Esters containing nitrogen C08F0220360000 containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0220380000 Esters containing sulphur C08F0220400000 Esters of unsaturated alcohols C08F0220420000 Nitriles C08F0220440000 Acrylonitrile C08F0220460000 with carboxylic acids, sulphonic acids or salts thereof C08F0220480000 with nitrogen-containing monomers C08F0220500000 containing four or more carbon atoms C08F0220520000 Amides or imides C08F0220540000 Amides C08F0220560000 Acrylamide; Methacrylamide C08F0220580000 containing oxygen in addition to the carbonamido oxygen C08F0220600000 containing nitrogen in addition to the carbonamido nitrogen C08F0220620000 Monocarboxylic acids having ten or more carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof (copolymers of drying-oils C08F0242000000);; C08F0220640000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0220660000 Anhydrides C08F0220680000 Esters C08F0220700000 Nitriles; Amides; Imides C08F0222000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule; Salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof C08F0222020000 Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof C08F0222040000 Anhydrides, e.g. cyclic anhydrides C08F0222060000 Maleic anhydride C08F0222080000 with vinyl aromatic monomers C08F0222100000 Esters C08F0222120000 of phenols or saturated alcohols C08F0222140000 Esters having no free carboxylic acid groups C08F0222160000 Esters having free carboxylic acid groups C08F0222180000 Esters containing halogen C08F0222200000 Esters containing oxygen in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08F0222220000 Esters containing nitrogen C08F0222240000 Esters containing sulphur C08F0222260000 of unsaturated alcohols C08F0222280000 Diallyl maleate C08F0222300000 Nitriles C08F0222320000 alpha-Cyano-acrylic acid; Esters thereof C08F0222340000 Vinylidene cyanide C08F0222360000 Amides or imides C08F0222380000 Amides C08F0222400000 Imides, e.g. cyclic imides C08F0224000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygen (cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08F0218000000;cyclic anhydrides of unsaturated acids C08F0220000000, C08F0222000000) C08F0226000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen C08F0226020000 by a single or double bond to nitrogen C08F0226040000 Diallylamine C08F0226060000 by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen C08F0226080000 N-Vinyl-pyrrolidine C08F0226100000 N-Vinyl-pyrrolidone C08F0226120000 N-Vinyl-carbazole C08F0228000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulphur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulphur C08F0228020000 by a bond to sulphur C08F0228040000 Thioethers C08F0228060000 by a heterocyclic ring containing sulphur C08F0230000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal (metal salts, e.g. phenolates or alcoholates, see the parent compounds);; C08F0230020000 containing phosphorus C08F0230040000 containing a metal C08F0230060000 containing boron C08F0230080000 containing silicon C08F0230100000 containing germanium C08F0232000000 Copolymers of cyclic compounds containing no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic ring system C08F0232020000 having no condensed rings C08F0232040000 having one carbon-to-carbon double bond C08F0232060000 having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0232080000 having condensed rings (coumarone-indene polymers C08F0244000000);; C08F0234000000 Copolymers of cyclic compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a heterocyclic ring (cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08F0218000000;cyclic anhydrides or imides C08F0222000000) C08F0234020000 in a ring containing oxygen (coumarone-indene polymers C08F0244000000);; C08F0234040000 in a ring containing sulphur C08F0236000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds (C08F0232000000 takes precedence);; C08F0236020000 the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0236040000 conjugated C08F0236060000 Butadiene C08F0236080000 Isoprene C08F0236100000 with vinyl-aromatic monomers C08F0236120000 with nitriles C08F0236140000 containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen C08F0236160000 containing halogen C08F0236180000 containing chlorine C08F0236200000 unconjugated C08F0236220000 the radical having three or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0238000000 Copolymers of compounds having one or more carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C08F0238020000 Acetylene C08F0238040000 Vinylacetylene C08F0240000000 Copolymers of hydrocarbons and mineral oils, e.g. petroleum resins C08F0242000000 Copolymers of drying-oils with other monomers C08F0244000000 Coumarone-indene copolymers C08F0246000000 Copolymers in which the nature of only the monomers in minority is defined C08F0251000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polysaccharides or derivatives thereof C08F0251020000 on to cellulose or derivatives thereof C08F0253000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to natural rubbers or derivatives thereof C08F0255000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group ; C08F0010000000 C08F0255020000 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms C08F0255040000 on to ethene-propene copolymers C08F0255060000 on to ethene-propene-diene terpolymers C08F0255080000 on to polymers of olefins having four or more carbon atoms C08F0255100000 on to butene polymers C08F0257000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of aromatic monomers as defined in group ; C08F0012000000 C08F0257020000 on to polymers of styrene or alkyl-substituted systems C08F0259000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of halogen containing monomers as defined in group ; C08F0014000000 C08F0259020000 on to polymers containing chlorine C08F0259040000 on to polymers of vinyl chloride C08F0259060000 on to polymers of vinylidene chloride C08F0259080000 on to polymers containing fluorine C08F0261000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group ; C08F0016000000 C08F0261020000 on to polymers of unsaturated alcohols C08F0261040000 on to polymers of vinyl alcohol C08F0261060000 on to polymers of unsaturated ethers C08F0261080000 on to polymers of unsaturated aldehydes C08F0261100000 on to polymers of unsaturated ketones C08F0261120000 on to polymers of unsaturated acetals or ketals C08F0263000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated acids as defined in group ; C08F0018000000 C08F0263020000 on to polymers of vinyl esters with monocarboxylic acids C08F0263040000 on to polymers of vinyl acetate C08F0263060000 on to polymers of esters with polycarboxylic acids C08F0263080000 Polymerisation of diallyl phthalate prepolymers C08F0265000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated monocarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group ; C08F0020000000 C08F0265020000 on to polymers of acids, salts or anhydrides C08F0265040000 on to polymers of esters C08F0265060000 Polymerisation of acrylate or methacrylate esters on to polymers thereof C08F0265080000 on to polymers of nitriles C08F0265100000 on to polymers of amides or imides C08F0267000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of unsaturated polycarboxylic acids or derivatives thereof as defined in group ; C08F0022000000 C08F0267020000 on to polymers of acids or salts C08F0267040000 on to polymers of anhydrides C08F0267060000 on to polymers of esters C08F0267080000 on to polymers of nitriles C08F0267100000 on to polymers of amides or imides C08F0269000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of heterocyclic oxygen-containing monomers as defined in group ; C08F0024000000 C08F0271000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of nitrogen-containing monomers as defined in group ; C08F0026000000 C08F0271020000 on to polymers of monomers containing heterocyclic nitrogen C08F0273000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of sulphur-containing monomers as defined in group ; C08F0028000000 C08F0275000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal as defined in group ; C08F0030000000 C08F0277000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of carbocyclic or heterocyclic monomers as defined respectively in group ; C08F0032000000; or in group C08F0034000000 C08F0279000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds as defined in group ; C08F0036000000 C08F0279020000 on to polymers of conjugated dienes C08F0279040000 Vinyl aromatic monomers and nitriles as the only monomers C08F0279060000 Vinyl aromatic monomers and methacrylates as the only monomers C08F0281000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of monomers having carbon-to-carbon triple bonds as defined in group ; C08F0038000000 C08F0283000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers provided for in sub-class ; C08G C08F0283020000 on to polycarbonates or saturated polyesters C08F0283040000 on to polycarbonamides, polyesteramides or polyimides C08F0283060000 on to polyethers, polyoxymethylenes or polyacetals C08F0283080000 on to polyphenylene oxides C08F0283100000 on to polymers containing more than one epoxy radical per molecule C08F0283120000 on to polysiloxanes C08F0283140000 on to polymers obtained by ring-opening polymerisation of carbocyclic compounds having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the carbocyclic ring, i.e. polyalkeneamers C08F0285000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to preformed graft polymers C08F0287000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to block polymers C08F0289000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups ; C08F0251000000-C08F0287000000 C08F0291000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to macromolecular compounds according to more than one of the groups ; C08F0251000000-C08F0289000000 C08F0291020000 on to elastomers C08F0291040000 on to halogen-containing macromolecules C08F0291060000 on to oxygen-containing macromolecules C08F0291080000 on to macromolecules containing hydroxy radicals C08F0291100000 on to macromolecules containing epoxy radicals C08F0291120000 on to nitrogen-containing macromolecules C08F0291140000 on to sulphur-containing macromolecules C08F0291160000 on to macromolecules containing more than two metal atoms C08F0291180000 on to irradiated or oxidised macromolecules (epoxidised C08F0291100000);; C08F0292000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to inorganic materials C08F0293000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation on to a macromolecule having groups capable of inducing the formation of new polymer chains bound exclusively at one or both ends of the starting macromolecule C08F0295000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerisation using successively different catalyst types without deactivating the intermediate polymer C08F0297000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer C08F0297020000 using a catalyst of the anionic type C08F0297040000 polymerising vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes C08F0297060000 using a catalyst of the coordination type C08F0297080000 polymerising mono-olefins C08F0299000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting different polymers involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions (involving other reactions C08G0081000000);; C08F0299020000 from unsaturated polycondensates C08F0299040000 from polyesters C08F0299060000 from polyurethanes C08F0299080000 from polysiloxanes C08G MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS C08G0002000000 Addition polymers of aldehydes or cyclic oligomers thereof or of ketones; Addition copolymers thereof with less than 50 molar percent of other substances C08G0002020000 Polymerisation initiated by wave energy or by particle radiation C08G0002040000 Polymerisation by using compounds which act upon the molecular weight, e.g. chain-transferring agents C08G0002060000 Catalysts (catalysts in general B01J);; C08G0002080000 Polymerisation of formaldehyde C08G0002100000 Polymerisation of cyclic oligomers of formaldehyde C08G0002120000 Polymerisation of acetaldehyde or cyclic oligomers thereof C08G0002140000 Polymerisation of single aldehydes not provided for in groups ; C08G0002080000-C08G0002120000 C08G0002160000 Polymerisation of single ketones C08G0002180000 Copolymerisation of aldehydes or ketones C08G0002200000 with other aldehydes or ketones C08G0002220000 with epoxy compounds C08G0002240000 with acetals C08G0002260000 with compounds containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturation C08G0002280000 Post-polymerisation treatments C08G0002300000 Chemical modification by after-treatment C08G0002320000 by esterification C08G0002340000 by etherification C08G0002360000 by depolymerisation C08G0002380000 Block or graft polymers prepared by polymerisation of aldehydes or ketones on to macromolecular compounds C08G0004000000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with polyalcohols; Addition polymers of heterocyclic oxygen compounds containing in the ring at least once the grouping OCO(of cyclic oligomers of aldehydes C08G0002000000);; C08G0006000000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones only C08G0006020000 of aldehydes with ketones C08G0008000000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only C08G0008020000 of ketones C08G0008040000 of aldehydes C08G0008060000 of furfural C08G0008080000 of formaldehyde C08G0008100000 with phenol C08G0008120000 with monohydric phenols having only one hydrocarbon substituent ortho or para to the OH group, e.g. p-tert.-butyl phenol C08G0008140000 with halogenated phenols C08G0008160000 with amino- or nitrophenols C08G0008180000 with phenols substituted by carboxylic or sulphonic acid groups C08G0008200000 with polyhydric phenols C08G0008220000 Resorcinol C08G0008240000 with mixtures of two or more phenols which are not covered by only one of the groups ; C08G0008100000-C08G0008200000 C08G0008260000 from mixtures of aldehydes and ketones C08G0008280000 Chemically modified polycondensates C08G0008300000 by unsaturated compounds, e.g. terpenes C08G0008320000 by organic acids or derivatives thereof, e.g. fatty oils C08G0008340000 by natural resins or resin acids, e.g. rosin C08G0008360000 by etherifying C08G0008380000 Block or graft polymers prepared by polycondensation of aldehydes or ketones on to macromolecular compounds C08G0010000000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with aromatic hydrocarbons or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons only C08G0010020000 of aldehydes C08G0010040000 Chemically modified polycondensates C08G0010060000 Block or graft polymers prepared by polycondensation of aldehydes or ketones on to macromolecular compounds C08G0012000000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen (aminophenols C08G0008160000);; C08G0012020000 of aldehydes C08G0012040000 with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds C08G0012060000 Amines C08G0012080000 aromatic C08G0012100000 with acyclic compounds having the moiety X=C (; N)2 in which X is O, S, or N C08G0012120000 Ureas; Thioureas C08G0012140000 Dicyandiamides; Dicyandiamidines; Guanidines; Biguanides; Biuret; Semicarbazides C08G0012160000 Dicyandiamides C08G0012180000 with cyanamide C08G0012200000 with urethanes or thiourethanes C08G0012220000 with carboxylic acid amides (reaction polyamides with aldehydes C08G0069500000);; C08G0012240000 with sulphonic acid amides C08G0012260000 with heterocyclic compounds C08G0012280000 with substituted diazines, diazoles or triazoles C08G0012300000 with substituted triazines C08G0012320000 Melamines C08G0012340000 and acyclic or carbocyclic compounds C08G0012360000 Ureas; Thioureas C08G0012380000 and melamines C08G0012400000 Chemically modified polycondensates C08G0012420000 by etherifying C08G0012440000 by esterifying C08G0012460000 Block or graft polymers prepared by polycondensation of aldehydes or ketones on to macromolecular compounds C08G0014000000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with two or more other monomers covered by at least two of the groups ; C08G0008000000-C08G0012000000 C08G0014020000 of aldehydes C08G0014040000 with phenols C08G0014060000 and monomers containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen C08G0014080000 Ureas; Thioureas C08G0014100000 Melamines C08G0014120000 Chemically modified polycondensates C08G0014140000 Block or graft polymers prepared by polycondensation of aldehydes or ketones on to macromolecular compounds C08G0016000000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with monomers not provided for in the groups C08G0004000000-C08G0014000000; (with polynitriles C08G0069380000);; C08G0016020000 of aldehydes C08G0016040000 Chemically modified polycondensates C08G0016060000 Block or graft polymers prepared by polycondensation of aldehydes or ketones on to macromolecular compounds C08G0018000000 Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates (preparatory processes of porous or cellular materials, in which the monomers or catalysts are not specific C08J);; C08G0018020000 of isocyanates or isothiocyanates only C08G0018040000 with vinyl compounds C08G0018060000 with compounds having active hydrogen C08G0018080000 Processes C08G0018100000 Prepolymer processes C08G0018120000 using two or more compounds having active hydrogen in the first polymerisation step C08G0018140000 Manufacture of cellular products C08G0018160000 Catalysts (catalysts in general B01J);; C08G0018180000 containing secondary or tertiary amines or salts thereof C08G0018200000 Heterocyclic amines; Salts thereof C08G0018220000 containing metal compounds C08G0018240000 of tin C08G0018260000 of lead C08G0018280000 characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen C08G0018300000 Low-molecular-weight compounds C08G0018320000 Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines C08G0018340000 Carboxylic acids; Esters thereof with monohydroxyl compounds C08G0018360000 Hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids C08G0018380000 having hetero atoms other than oxygen (C08G0018320000 takes precedence);; C08G0018400000 High-molecular-weight compounds C08G0018420000 Polycondensates having carboxylic or carbonic ester groups in the main chain C08G0018440000 Polycarbonates C08G0018460000 having hetero atoms other than oxygen C08G0018480000 Polyethers C08G0018500000 having hetero atoms other than oxygen C08G0018520000 Polythioethers C08G0018540000 Polycondensates of aldehydes C08G0018560000 Polyacetals C08G0018580000 Epoxy resins C08G0018600000 Polyamides or polyesteramides C08G0018610000 Polysiloxanes C08G0018620000 Polymers of compounds having carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08G0018630000 Block or graft polymers obtained by polymerising compounds on to polymers having carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08G0018640000 Macromolecular compounds not provided for by groups ; C08G0018420000-C08G0018630000 C08G0018650000 Low-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen with high-molecular-weight compounds having active hydrogen C08G0018660000 Compounds of groups ; C08G0018420000, C08G0018480000, or C08G0018520000 C08G0018670000 Unsaturated compounds having active hydrogen C08G0018680000 Unsaturated polyesters C08G0018690000 Polymers of conjugated dienes C08G0018700000 characterised by the isocyanates or isothiocyanates used C08G0018710000 Monoisocyanates or monoisothiocyanates C08G0018720000 Polyisocyanates or polyisothiocyanates C08G0018730000 acyclic C08G0018740000 cyclic C08G0018750000 cycloaliphatic C08G0018760000 aromatic C08G0018770000 having hetero atoms in addition to the isocyanate or isothiocyanate nitrogen and oxygen or sulphur C08G0018780000 Nitrogen C08G0018790000 characterised by the polyisocyanates used, these having groups formed by oligomerisation of isocyanates or isothiocyanates C08G0018800000 Masked polyisocyanates C08G0018810000 Unsaturated isocyanates or isothiocyanates C08G0018820000 Post-polymerisation treatment C08G0018830000 Chemically modified polymers C08G0018840000 by aldehydes C08G0018850000 by azo compounds C08G0018860000 by peroxides C08G0018870000 by sulphur C08G0059000000 Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule (low-molecular-weight polyepoxy compounds C07);;Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups C08G0059020000 Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule C08G0059040000 of polyhydroxy compounds with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof C08G0059060000 of polyhydric phenols C08G0059080000 from phenol-aldehyde condensates C08G0059100000 of polyamines with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof C08G0059120000 of polycarboxylic acids with epihalohydrins or precursors thereof C08G0059140000 Polycondensates modified by chemical after-treatment C08G0059160000 by monocarboxylic acids or by anhydrides, halides or low-molecular-weight esters thereof C08G0059180000 Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups C08G0059200000 characterised by the epoxy compounds used C08G0059220000 Di-epoxy compounds C08G0059240000 carbocyclic C08G0059260000 heterocyclic C08G0059280000 containing acyclic nitrogen atoms C08G0059300000 containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen C08G0059320000 Epoxy compounds containing three or more epoxy groups C08G0059340000 obtained by epoxidation of an unsaturated polymer C08G0059360000 together with mono-epoxy compounds C08G0059380000 together with di-epoxy compounds C08G0059400000 characterised by the curing agents used C08G0059420000 Polycarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides, or low-molecular-weight esters thereof C08G0059440000 Amides C08G0059460000 together with other curing agents C08G0059480000 with polycarboxylic acids or with anhydrides, halides, or low-molecular-weight esters thereof C08G0059500000 Amines C08G0059520000 Aminocarboxylic acids C08G0059540000 Aminoamides C08G0059560000 together with other curing agents C08G0059580000 with polycarboxylic acids or with anhydrides, halides, or low-molecular-weight esters thereof C08G0059600000 with amides C08G0059620000 Alcohols or phenols C08G0059640000 Aminoalcohols C08G0059660000 Mercaptans C08G0059680000 characterised by the catalysts used C08G0059700000 Chelates C08G0059720000 Complexes of boron halides C08G0061000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule (C08G0002000000-C08G0016000000; take precedence);; C08G0061020000 Macromolecular compounds containing only carbon atoms in the main chain of the macromolecule, e.g. polyxylylenes C08G0061040000 only aliphatic carbon atoms C08G0061060000 prepared by ring-opening of carbocyclic compounds C08G0061080000 of carbocyclic compounds containing one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in the ring C08G0061100000 only aromatic carbon atoms, e.g. polyphenylenes C08G0061120000 Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule C08G0063000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic or carbonic ester link in the main chain of the macromolecule (polyester-amides C08G0069440000;polyester-imides C08G0073160000) C08G0063020000 Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids or from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds C08G0063040000 Preparatory processes characterised by the catalysts used C08G0063060000 derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids C08G0063080000 Lactones or lactides C08G0063100000 Preparatory processes characterised by the catalysts used C08G0063120000 derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds C08G0063140000 Preparatory processes characterised by the catalysts used C08G0063160000 Dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds C08G0063180000 the acids or hydroxy compounds containing carbocyclic rings C08G0063200000 Preparation of polyesters in the presence of compounds having one reactive group or more than two reactive groups C08G0063220000 Preparatory processes C08G0063240000 Interfacial processes, i.e. processes involving a reaction at the interface of two non-miscible liquids C08G0063260000 Solid-state polycondensation C08G0063280000 using solvents C08G0063300000 characterised by the catalysts used C08G0063320000 Boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earth metals, or compounds thereof C08G0063340000 Germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, or compounds thereof C08G0063360000 Germanium, antimony, or compounds thereof C08G0063380000 Other non-metals or inter-compounds thereof C08G0063400000 Preparation of polyesters from ester-forming derivatives of polycarboxylic acids or of polyhydroxy compounds, other than from esters thereof C08G0063420000 Cyclic ethers (C08G0059000000 takes precedence);;Cyclic carbonates; Cyclic sulphites C08G0063440000 Polyamides; Polynitriles C08G0063460000 Chemically modified polyesters (C08G0063200000 takes precedence);; C08G0063480000 by unsaturated higher fatty oils or their acids; by resin acids C08G0063500000 by monohydric alcohols C08G0063520000 Polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation C08G0063540000 the acids or hydroxy compounds containing a carbocyclic ring C08G0063560000 Preparation from ester-forming derivatives of polycarboxylic acids or of polyhydroxy compounds, other than from esters thereof C08G0063580000 Cyclic ethers (C08G0059000000 takes precedence);;Cyclic carbonates; Cyclic sulphites C08G0063600000 derived from the combination of hydroxycarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, and polyhydroxy compounds C08G0063620000 Polycarbonates C08G0063640000 Polyesters containing both carboxylic ester groups and carbonate groups C08G0063660000 Polyesters containing oxygen in the form of ether groups (C08G0063420000, C08G0063580000 take precedence);; C08G0063680000 Polyesters containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen C08G0063700000 Post-polymerisation treatment C08G0063720000 Recovery of the polymer C08G0063740000 Purifying; Drying C08G0063760000 Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment C08G0065000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule (polyacetals C08G0002000000, C08G0004000000;epoxy resins C08G0059000000; polythioether-ethers C08G0075120000; polyethers containing less than eleven monomer units C07C) C08G0065020000 from cyclic ethers by opening of the heterocyclic ring C08G0065040000 from cyclic ethers only C08G0065060000 Cyclic ethers having no atoms other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring C08G0065080000 Saturated oxiranes C08G0065100000 characterised by the catalysts used C08G0065120000 containing organo-metallic compounds or metal hydrides C08G0065140000 Unsaturated oxiranes C08G0065160000 Cyclic ethers having four or more ring atoms C08G0065180000 Oxetanes C08G0065200000 Tetrahydrofuran C08G0065220000 Cyclic ethers having at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen outside the ring C08G0065240000 Epihalohydrins C08G0065260000 from cyclic ethers and other compounds C08G0065280000 Cyclic ethers and hydroxy compounds C08G0065300000 Post-polymerisation treatment, e.g. recovery, purification, drying C08G0065320000 Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment C08G0065340000 from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives (C08G0065280000 takes precedence);; C08G0065360000 Furfuryl alcohol C08G0065380000 derived from phenols C08G0065400000 from phenols and other compounds C08G0065420000 Phenols and polyhydroxy ethers C08G0065440000 by oxidation of phenols C08G0065460000 Post-polymerisation treatment, e.g. recovery, purification, drying C08G0065480000 Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment C08G0067000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon, not provided for in groups ; C08G0002000000-C08G0065000000 C08G0067020000 Copolymers of carbon monoxide and aliphatic unsaturated compounds C08G0067040000 Polyanhydrides C08G0069000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the chain of the macromolecule (products obtained from isocyanates or isothiocyanates C08G0018000000;polyamide-imides C08G0073140000) C08G0069020000 Polyamides derived from amino-carboxylic acids or from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids C08G0069040000 Preparatory processes C08G0069060000 Solid state polycondensation C08G0069080000 derived from amino-carboxylic acids C08G0069100000 alpha-amino-carboxylic acids C08G0069120000 with both amino and carboxylic groups aromatically bound C08G0069140000 Lactams C08G0069160000 Preparatory processes C08G0069180000 Anionic polymerisation C08G0069200000 characterised by the catalysts used C08G0069220000 beta-Lactams C08G0069240000 Pyrrolidones or piperidones C08G0069260000 derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids C08G0069280000 Preparatory processes C08G0069300000 Solid state polycondensation C08G0069320000 from aromatic diamines and aromatic dicarboxylic acids with both amino and carboxylic groups aromatically bound C08G0069340000 using polymerised unsaturated fatty acids C08G0069360000 derived from amino acids, polyamines, and polycarboxylic acids C08G0069380000 Polyamides prepared from aldehydes and polynitriles C08G0069400000 Polyamides containing oxygen in the form of ether groups (C08G0069120000, C08G0069320000 take precedence);; C08G0069420000 Polyamides containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen (C08G0069120000, C08G0069320000 take precedence);; C08G0069440000 Polyester-amides C08G0069460000 Post-polymerisation treatment C08G0069480000 Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment C08G0069500000 with aldehydes C08G0071000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a ureide or urethane link, otherwise than from isocyanate radicals in the main chain of the macromolecule C08G0071020000 Polyureas C08G0071040000 Polyurethanes C08G0073000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups ; C08G0012000000-C08G0071000000 C08G0073020000 Polyamines (containing less than eleven monomer units C07C);; C08G0073040000 derived from alkyleneimines C08G0073060000 Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain of the macromolecule C08G0073080000 Polyhydrazides; Polytriazoles; Polyaminotriazoles; Polyoxadiazoles C08G0073100000 Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors C08G0073120000 Unsaturated polyimide precursors C08G0073140000 Polyamide-imides C08G0073160000 Polyester-imides C08G0073180000 Polybenzimidazoles C08G0073200000 Pyrrones C08G0073220000 Polybenzoxazoles C08G0073240000 Copolymers of a fluoronitroso organic compound and another fluoro organic compound, e.g. nitroso rubbers C08G0073260000 of trifluoronitrosomethane with a fluoro-olefine C08G0075000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulphur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule C08G0075020000 Polythioethers C08G0075040000 from mercapto compounds or metallic derivatives thereof C08G0075060000 from cyclic thioethers C08G0075080000 from thiiranes C08G0075100000 from sulphur or sulphur-containing compounds and aldehydes or ketones C08G0075120000 Polythioether-ethers C08G0075140000 Polysulphides C08G0075160000 by polycondensation of organic compounds with inorganic polysulphides C08G0075180000 Polysulphoxides C08G0075200000 Polysulphones C08G0075220000 Copolymers of sulphur dioxide with unsaturated aliphatic compounds C08G0075230000 Polyether sulphones C08G0075240000 Polysulphonates C08G0075260000 Polythioesters C08G0075280000 Polythiocarbonates C08G0075300000 Polysulphonamides; Polysulphonimides C08G0075320000 Polythiazoles; Polythiadiazoles C08G0077000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule C08G0077020000 Polysilicates C08G0077040000 Polysiloxanes C08G0077060000 Preparatory processes C08G0077080000 characterised by the catalysts used C08G0077100000 Equilibration processes C08G0077120000 containing silicon bound to hydrogen C08G0077140000 containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups C08G0077160000 to hydroxyl groups C08G0077180000 to alkoxy or aryloxy groups C08G0077200000 containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups C08G0077220000 containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen C08G0077240000 halogen-containing groups C08G0077260000 nitrogen-containing groups C08G0077280000 sulphur-containing groups C08G0077300000 phosphorus-containing groups C08G0077320000 Post-polymerisation treatment (chemical after-treatment C08G0077380000);; C08G0077340000 Purification C08G0077360000 Fractionation C08G0077380000 Polysiloxanes modified by chemical after-treatment C08G0077400000 by introducing substituents or replacing existing substituents C08G0077420000 Block or graft polymers containing polysiloxane sequences (polymerising aliphatic unsaturated monomers on to a polysiloxane C08F0283120000);; C08G0077440000 containing only polysiloxane sequences C08G0077460000 containing polyether sequences C08G0077480000 in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms (C08G0077420000 takes precedence);; C08G0077500000 by carbon linkages C08G0077520000 containing aromatic rings C08G0077540000 nitrogen-containing linkages C08G0077560000 boron-containing linkages C08G0077580000 metal-containing linkages C08G0077600000 in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms C08G0077620000 nitrogen atoms C08G0079000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon with or without the latter elements in the main chain of the macromolecule C08G0079020000 a linkage containing phosphorus C08G0079040000 Phosphorus linked to oxygen or to oxygen and carbon C08G0079060000 Phosphorus linked to carbon only C08G0079080000 a linkage containing boron C08G0079100000 a linkage containing aluminium C08G0079120000 a linkage containing tin C08G0079140000 a linkage containing two or more elements other than carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, and silicon C08G0081000000 Macromolecular compounds obtained by interreacting polymers in the absence of monomers, e.g. block polymers (involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond reactions C08F0299000000);; C08G0081020000 at least one of the polymers being obtained by reactions involving only carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds C08G0083000000 Macromolecular compounds not provided for in groups ; C08G0002000000-C08G0081000000 C08G0085000000 General processes for preparing compounds provided for in this sub-class C08H DERIVATIVES OF NATURAL MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (polysaccharides C08B;natural rubber C08C) C08H0001000000 Macromolecular products derived from proteins (food proteins A23;glue, gelatine C09H) C08H0001020000 Protein-aldehyde condensates C08H0001040000 Casein-aldehyde condensates C08H0001060000 derived from horn, hoofs, hair, skin, or leather C08H0003000000 Vulcanised oils, e.g. factice C08H0005000000 Other macromolecular compounds (natural resins and their derivatives C09F;bituminous materials C10) C08H0005020000 derived from lignin C08H0005040000 derived from lignocellulosic materials C08J WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT (layered products, manufacture thereof B32B);; C08J0003000000 Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances C08J0003020000 Making solutions, dispersions or latices by other methods than by solution, emulsion or suspension polymerisation techniques C08J0003040000 from solid polymer C08J0003060000 in inorganic liquids C08J0003080000 in organic liquids C08J0003100000 from a polymer solution C08J0003120000 Powdering or granulating C08J0003140000 by precipitation from solutions C08J0003160000 by coagulating dispersions C08J0003180000 Plasticising macromolecular compounds (plasticisers C08K);; C08J0003200000 Compounding polymers with additives, e.g. colouring C08J0003220000 using masterbatch techniques C08J0003240000 Crosslinking, e.g. vulcanising, of macromolecules (crosslinking agents C08K;mechanical features in the vulcanisation of rubber B29H0005000000) C08J0003260000 of latex C08J0003280000 Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation C08J0005000000 Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances (mechanical features see the relevant classes, e.g. B29);; C08J0005020000 Direct processing of dispersions, e.g. latex, to articles C08J0005040000 Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material (after-treatment of threads during manufacture D01F;finishing of textiles D06M) C08J0005060000 using pretreated fibrous materials C08J0005080000 glass fibres C08J0005100000 characterised by the additives used in the polymer mixture C08J0005120000 Bonding of a preformed macromolecular material to the same or other solid material such as metal, glass, leather, e.g. using adhesives C08J0005140000 Manufacture of abrasive or friction articles or materials C08J0005160000 Manufacture of articles or materials having reduced friction C08J0005180000 Manufacture of films or sheets C08J0005200000 Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins C08J0005220000 Films, membranes or diaphragms C08J0005240000 Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised ; in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs C08J0007000000 Treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances (electrolytic deposition of metals C25);; C08J0007020000 with solvents, e.g. swelling agents C08J0007040000 Coating C08J0007060000 with compositions not containing macromolecular substances C08J0007080000 Heat treatment C08J0007100000 Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation C08J0007120000 Chemical modification C08J0007140000 with acids, their salts or anhydrides C08J0007160000 with polymerisable compounds C08J0007180000 using wave energy or particle radiation C08J0009000000 Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof (mechanical aspects B29D0027000000;foamed polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates characterised by the monomers or catalysts used C08G0018000000) C08J0009020000 using blowing gases generated by the reacting monomers or modifying agents during the preparation or modification of macromolecules C08J0009040000 using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent C08J0009060000 by a chemical blowing agent C08J0009080000 developing carbon dioxide C08J0009100000 developing nitrogen C08J0009120000 by a physical blowing agent C08J0009140000 organic C08J0009160000 Making or treating expandable particles C08J0009180000 by impregnating polymer particles with the blowing agent C08J0009200000 by suspension polymerisation in the presence of the blowing agent C08J0009220000 After-treatment of expandable particles; Pre-expansion of expandable particles; Forming foamed products, e.g. using a binder C08J0009240000 by surface fusion and bonding of particles to form voids, e.g. sintering (of expandable particles C08J0009220000);; C08J0009260000 by elimination of a solid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. leaching out C08J0009280000 by elimination of a liquid phase from a macromolecular composition or article, e.g. drying of coagulum C08J0009300000 by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air C08J0009320000 from compositions containing microballoons, e.g. syntactic foams (making microballoons B01J0013020000);; C08J0009340000 Chemical features in the manufacture of articles consisting of a foamed macromolecular core and a macromolecular surface layer having a higher density than the core C08J0009360000 After-treatment C08J0009380000 Destruction of cell membranes C08J0009400000 Impregnation C08J0009420000 with macromolecular compounds C08J0011000000 Recovery of waste materials C08J0011020000 of solvents or plasticisers C08J0011040000 of polymers C08K USE OF INORGANIC OR NON-MACROMOLECULAR ORGANIC SUBSTANCES AS COMPOUNDING INGREDIENTS (pesticides, herbicides A01N;pharmaceuticals, cosmetics A61K; explosives C06B; paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09; lubricants C10M; detergents C11D; artificial filaments or fibres per se D01F; textile treating compositions D06) C08K0003000000 Use of inorganic ingredients C08K0003020000 Elements C08K0003040000 Carbon C08K0003060000 Sulphur C08K0003080000 Metals C08K0003100000 Metal compounds C08K0003120000 Hydrides C08K0003140000 Carbides C08K0003160000 Halogen-containing compounds C08K0003180000 Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls C08K0003200000 Oxides; Hydroxides C08K0003220000 of metals C08K0003240000 Acids; Salts thereof C08K0003260000 Carbonates; Bicarbonates C08K0003280000 Nitrogen-containing compounds C08K0003300000 Sulphur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds C08K0003320000 Phosphorus-containing compounds C08K0003340000 Silicon-containing compounds C08K0003360000 Silica C08K0003380000 Boron-containing compounds C08K0003400000 Glass C08K0005000000 Use of organic ingredients C08K0005010000 Hydrocarbons C08K0005020000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C08K0005030000 aromatic C08K0005040000 Oxygen-containing compounds C08K0005050000 Alcohols; Metal alcoholates C08K0005060000 Ethers; Acetals; Ketals; Ortho-esters C08K0005070000 Aldehydes; Ketones C08K0005080000 Quinones C08K0005090000 Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof C08K0005100000 Esters; Ether-esters C08K0005110000 of acyclic polycarboxylic acids C08K0005120000 of cyclic polycarboxylic acids C08K0005130000 Phenols; Phenolates C08K0005140000 Peroxides C08K0005150000 Heterocyclic compounds having oxygen in the ring C08K0005160000 Nitrogen-containing compounds C08K0005170000 Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds C08K0005180000 with aromatically bound amino groups C08K0005190000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C08K0005200000 Carboxylic acid amides C08K0005210000 Urea; Derivatives thereof, e.g. biuret C08K0005220000 Compounds containing nitrogen bound to another nitrogen atom C08K0005230000 Azo-compounds C08K0005240000 Derivatives of hydrazine C08K0005250000 Carboxylic acid hydrazides C08K0005260000 Semicarbazides C08K0005270000 Compounds containing a nitrogen atom bound to two other nitrogen atoms, e.g. diazoamino-compounds C08K0005280000 Azides C08K0005290000 Compounds containing one or more carbon-to-nitrogen double bonds C08K0005300000 Hydrazones; Semicarbazones C08K0005310000 Guanidine; Derivatives thereof C08K0005320000 Compounds containing nitrogen bound to oxygen C08K0005330000 Oximes C08K0005340000 Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen in the ring C08K0005350000 having also oxygen in the ring C08K0005360000 Sulphur-, selenium-, or tellurium-containing compounds C08K0005370000 Mercaptans; Hydrocarbon sulphides C08K0005380000 Thiocarbonic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. xanthates C08K0005390000 Thiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof, e.g. dithiocarbamates C08K0005400000 Thiurams C08K0005410000 Compounds containing sulphur bound to oxygen C08K0005420000 Sulphonic acids; Derivatives thereof C08K0005430000 Compounds containing sulphur bound to nitrogen C08K0005440000 Sulphenamides C08K0005450000 Heterocyclic compounds having sulphur in the ring C08K0005460000 with oxygen or nitrogen in the ring C08K0005470000 Thiazoles C08K0005480000 Selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds C08K0005490000 Phosphorus-containing compounds C08K0005500000 Phosphorus bound to carbon C08K0005510000 Phosphorus bound to oxygen C08K0005520000 bound to oxygen only C08K0005530000 bound to oxygen and to carbon C08K0005540000 Silicon-containing compounds C08K0005550000 Boron-containing compounds C08K0005560000 Organo-metallic compounds, i.e. organic compounds containing a metal-to-carbon bond C08K0005570000 Organo-tin compounds C08K0005580000 containing sulphur C08K0005590000 Arsenic- or antimony-containing compounds C08K0007000000 Use of ingredients characterised by shape C08K0007020000 Fibres or whiskers C08K0007040000 inorganic C08K0007060000 Elements C08K0007080000 Oxygen-containing compounds C08K0007100000 Silicon-containing compounds C08K0007120000 Asbestos C08K0007140000 Glass C08K0007160000 Solid spheres C08K0007180000 inorganic C08K0007200000 Glass C08K0007220000 Expanded, porous or hollow particles C08K0007240000 inorganic C08K0007260000 Silicon-containing compounds C08K0007280000 Glass C08K0009000000 Use of pretreated ingredients C08K0009020000 Ingredients treated with inorganic substances C08K0009040000 Ingredients treated with organic substances C08K0009060000 with silicon-containing compounds C08K0009080000 Ingredients agglomerated by treatment with a binding agent C08K0009100000 Encapsulated ingredients C08K0009120000 Adsorbed ingredients C08K0011000000 Use of ingredients of unknown constitution, e.g. undefined reaction products C08L COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (pesticides, herbicides A01N;pharmaceuticals, cosmetics A61K; explosives C06B; paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09; lubricants C10M; detergents C11D; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06) C08L0001000000 Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives C08L0001020000 Cellulose; Modified cellulose C08L0001040000 Oxycellulose; Hydrocellulose C08L0001060000 Cellulose hydrate C08L0001080000 Cellulose derivatives C08L0001100000 Esters of organic acids C08L0001120000 Cellulose acetate C08L0001140000 Mixed esters, e.g. cellulose acetate-butyrate C08L0001160000 Esters of inorganic acids C08L0001180000 Cellulose nitrate C08L0001200000 Esters of both organic acids and inorganic acids C08L0001220000 Cellulose xanthate C08L0001240000 Viscose C08L0001260000 Cellulose ethers C08L0001280000 Alkyl ethers C08L0001300000 Aryl ethers; Aralkyl ethers C08L0001320000 Cellulose ether-esters C08L0003000000 Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products C08L0003020000 Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin C08L0003040000 Starch derivatives C08L0003060000 Esters C08L0003080000 Ethers C08L0003100000 Oxidised starch C08L0003120000 Amylose; Amylopectin; Degradation products thereof C08L0003140000 Amylose derivatives; Amylopectin derivatives C08L0003160000 Esters C08L0003180000 Ethers C08L0003200000 Oxidised amylose; Oxidised amylopectin C08L0005000000 Compositions of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in group ; C08L0001000000; or C08L0003000000 C08L0005020000 Dextran; Derivatives thereof C08L0005040000 Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof C08L0005060000 Pectin; Derivatives thereof C08L0005080000 Chitin; Chondroitin sulphate; Hyaluronic acid; Derivatives thereof C08L0005100000 Heparin; Derivatives thereof C08L0005120000 Agar-agar; Derivatives thereof C08L0005140000 Hemicellulose; Derivatives thereof C08L0005160000 Cyclodextrin; Derivatives thereof C08L0007000000 Compositions of natural rubber C08L0007020000 Latex C08L0009000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons C08L0009020000 Copolymers with acrylonitrile C08L0009040000 Latex C08L0009060000 Copolymers with styrene C08L0009080000 Latex C08L0009100000 Latex (C08L0009040000, C08L0009080000 take precedence);; C08L0011000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene C08L0011020000 Latex C08L0013000000 Compositions of rubbers containing carboxyl groups C08L0013020000 Latex C08L0015000000 Compositions of rubber derivatives (C08L0013000000 takes precedence);; C08L0015020000 Rubber derivatives containing halogen C08L0017000000 Compositions of reclaimed rubber C08L0019000000 Compositions of rubbers not provided for in groups ; C08L0007000000-C08L0017000000 C08L0019020000 Latex C08L0021000000 Compositions of unspecified rubbers C08L0021020000 Latex C08L0023000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0023020000 not modified by chemical after-treatment C08L0023040000 Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene C08L0023060000 Polyethene C08L0023080000 Copolymers of ethene (C08L0023160000 takes precedence);; C08L0023100000 Homopolymers or copolymers of propene C08L0023120000 Polypropene C08L0023140000 Copolymers of propene (C08L0023160000 takes precedence);; C08L0023160000 Ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers C08L0023180000 Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms C08L0023200000 having four to nine carbon atoms C08L0023220000 Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber C08L0023240000 having ten or more carbon atoms C08L0023260000 modified by chemical after-treatment C08L0023280000 by reaction with halogens or compounds containing halogen (C08L0023320000 takes precedence);; C08L0023300000 by oxidation C08L0023320000 by reaction with compounds containing phosphorus or sulphur C08L0023340000 by chlorosulphonation C08L0023360000 by reaction with compounds containing nitrogen, e.g. by nitration C08L0025000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0025020000 Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons C08L0025040000 Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene C08L0025060000 Polystyrene C08L0025080000 Copolymers of styrene (C08L0029080000, C08L0035060000, C08L0055020000 take precedence);; C08L0025100000 with conjugated dienes C08L0025120000 with unsaturated nitriles C08L0025140000 with unsaturated esters C08L0025160000 Homopolymers or copolymers of alkyl-substituted styrenes C08L0025180000 Homopolymers or copolymers of aromatic monomers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen C08L0027000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0027020000 not modified by chemical after-treatment C08L0027040000 containing chlorine atoms C08L0027060000 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride C08L0027080000 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene chloride C08L0027100000 containing bromine or iodine atoms C08L0027120000 containing fluorine atoms C08L0027140000 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl fluoride C08L0027160000 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride C08L0027180000 Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene C08L0027200000 Homopolymers or copolymers of hexafluoropropene C08L0027220000 modified by chemical after-treatment C08L0027240000 halogenated C08L0029000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0029020000 Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated alcohols (C08L0029140000 takes precedence);; C08L0029040000 Polyvinyl alcohol; Partially hydrolysed homopolymers or copolymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids C08L0029060000 Copolymers of allyl alcohol C08L0029080000 with vinyl-aromatic monomers C08L0029100000 Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ethers (C08L0035080000 takes precedence);; C08L0029120000 Homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated ketones C08L0029140000 Homopolymers or copolymers of acetals or ketals obtained by polymerisation of unsaturated acetals or ketals or by after-treatment of polymers of unsaturated alcohols C08L0031000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acid (of hydrolysed polymers C08L0029000000);;Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0031020000 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids C08L0031040000 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate C08L0031060000 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of polycarboxylic acids C08L0031080000 of phthalic acid C08L0033000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0033020000 Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof C08L0033040000 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters C08L0033060000 of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical C08L0033080000 Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters C08L0033100000 Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters C08L0033120000 Homopolymers or copolymers of methyl methacrylate C08L0033140000 of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulphur, or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen C08L0033160000 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters containing halogen atoms C08L0033180000 Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles C08L0033200000 Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylonitrile (C08L0055020000 takes precedence);; C08L0033220000 Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles containing four or more carbon atoms C08L0033240000 Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides C08L0033260000 Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylamide or methacrylamide C08L0035000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0035020000 Homopolymers or copolymers of esters (C08L0035060000, C08L0035080000 take precedence);; C08L0035040000 Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles (C08L0035060000, C08L0035080000 take precedence);; C08L0035060000 Copolymers with vinyl-aromatic monomers C08L0035080000 Copolymers with vinyl ethers C08L0037000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygen (of cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08L0031000000;of cyclic anhydrides of unsaturated acids C08L0035000000); Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0039000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0039020000 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylamine C08L0039040000 Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing heterocyclic rings having nitrogen as ring member C08L0039060000 Homopolymers or copolymers of N-vinyl-pyrrolidones C08L0039080000 Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl-pyridine C08L0041000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulphur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulphur; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0043000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium, or a metal; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers (of metal salts, e.g. phenolates, alcoholates, see the parent compounds);; C08L0043020000 Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing phosphorus C08L0043040000 Homopolymers or copolymers of monomers containing silicon C08L0045000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic or in a heterocyclic ring system; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers (of cyclic anhydrides or imides C08L0035000000;of cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids C08L0031000000) C08L0045020000 of coumarone-indene polymers C08L0047000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers (C08L0045000000 takes precedence;of conjugated diene rubbers C08L0009000000-C08L0021000000) C08L0049000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more carbon-to-carbon triple bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0051000000 Compositions of graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds (for ABS polymers C08L0055020000);;Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0051020000 grafted on to polysaccharides C08L0051040000 grafted on to rubbers C08L0051060000 grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond C08L0051080000 grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds C08L0051100000 grafted on to inorganic materials C08L0053000000 Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0053020000 of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes C08L0055000000 Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers, obtained by polymerisation reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, not provided for in groups ; C08L0023000000-C08L0053000000 C08L0055020000 ABS polymers C08L0055040000 Polyadducts obtained by the diene synthesis C08L0057000000 Compositions of unspecified polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds C08L0057020000 Copolymers of mineral oil hydrocarbons C08L0057040000 Copolymers in which only the monomer in minority is defined C08L0057060000 Homopolymers or copolymers containing elements other than carbon and hydrogen C08L0057080000 containing halogen atoms C08L0057100000 containing oxygen atoms C08L0057120000 containing nitrogen atoms C08L0059000000 Compositions of polyacetals; Compositions of derivatives of polyacetals C08L0059020000 Polyacetals containing polyoxymethylene sequences only C08L0059040000 Copolyoxymethylenes C08L0061000000 Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones (with polyalcohols C08L0059000000;with polynitriles C08L0077000000); Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0061020000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones only C08L0061040000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only C08L0061060000 of aldehydes with phenols C08L0061080000 with monohydric phenols C08L0061100000 Phenol-formaldehyde condensates C08L0061120000 with polyhydric phenols C08L0061140000 Modified phenol-aldehyde condensates C08L0061160000 of ketones with phenols C08L0061180000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with aromatic hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives only C08L0061200000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen (with aminophenols C08L0061040000);; C08L0061220000 of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds C08L0061240000 with urea or thiourea C08L0061260000 of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds C08L0061280000 with melamine C08L0061300000 of aldehydes with heterocyclic and acyclic or carbocyclic compounds C08L0061320000 Modified amine-aldehyde condensates C08L0061340000 Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with monomers covered by at least two of the groups ; C08L0061040000, C08L0061180000, and C08L0061200000 C08L0063000000 Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins C08L0063020000 Polyglycidyl ethers of bis-phenols C08L0063040000 Epoxynovolacs C08L0063060000 Triglycidylisocyanurates C08L0063080000 Epoxidised polymerised polyenes C08L0063100000 Epoxy resins modified by unsaturated compounds C08L0065000000 Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain (C08L0007000000-C08L0057000000, C08L0061000000 take precedence);;Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0065020000 Polyphenylenes C08L0065040000 Polyxylylenes C08L0067000000 Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain (of polyester-amides C08L0077120000;of polyester-imides C08L0079080000); Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0067020000 Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds (C08L0067060000 takes precedence);; C08L0067040000 Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones (C08L0067060000 takes precedence);; C08L0067060000 Unsaturated polyesters C08L0067080000 Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with resin or resin acids C08L0069000000 Compositions of polycarbonates; Compositions of derivatives of polycarbonates C08L0071000000 Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain (of polyacetals C08L0059000000;of epoxy resins C08L0063000000; of polythioether-ethers C08L0081020000; of polyether-sulphones C08L0081060000); Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0071020000 Polyalkylene oxides C08L0071040000 Polyphenylene oxides C08L0071060000 Furfuryl alcohol polymers C08L0073000000 Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon in the main chain, not provided for in groups ; C08L0059000000-C08L0071000000; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0073020000 Polyanhydrides C08L0075000000 Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0075020000 Polyureas C08L0075040000 Polyurethanes C08L0075060000 from polyesters C08L0075080000 from polyethers C08L0075100000 from polyacetals C08L0075120000 from compounds containing nitrogen and active hydrogen, the nitrogen atom not being part of an isocyanate group C08L0077000000 Compositions of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain (of polyamide-imides C08L0079080000);;Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0077020000 Polyamides derived from omega-amino-carboxylic acids or from lactams thereof (C08L0077100000 takes precedence);; C08L0077040000 Polyamides derived from alpha-amino-carboxylic acids (C08L0077100000 takes precedence);; C08L0077060000 Polyamides derived from polyamines and polycarboxylic acids (C08L0077100000 takes precedence);; C08L0077080000 from polyamines and polymerised unsaturated fatty acids C08L0077100000 Polyamides derived from aromatically bound amino and carboxyl groups of amino-carboxylic acids or of polyamines and polycarboxylic acids C08L0077120000 Polyester-amides C08L0079000000 Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen, or carbon only in the main chain, not provided for in groups ; C08L0061000000-C08L0077000000 C08L0079020000 Polyamines C08L0079040000 Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain C08L0079060000 Polyhydrazides; Polytriazoles; Polyamino-triazoles; Polyoxadiazoles C08L0079080000 Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors C08L0081000000 Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing sulphur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only in the main chain; Compositions of polysulphones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0081020000 Polythioethers; Polythioether-ethers C08L0081040000 Polysulphides C08L0081060000 Polysulphones; Polyethersulphones C08L0081080000 Polysulphonates C08L0081100000 Polysulphonamides; Polysulphonimides C08L0083000000 Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0083020000 Polysilicates C08L0083040000 Polysiloxanes C08L0083060000 containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups (C08L0083120000 takes precedence);; C08L0083080000 containing silicon bound to organic groups containing atoms other than carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen C08L0083100000 Block or graft copolymers containing polysiloxane sequences (obtained by polymerising a compound having a carbon-to-carbon double bond on to a polysiloxane C08L0051080000, C08L0053000000);; C08L0083120000 containing polyether sequences C08L0083140000 in which at least two but not all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms (C08L0083100000 takes precedence);; C08L0083160000 in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms C08L0085000000 Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulphur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers C08L0085020000 containing phosphorus C08L0085040000 containing boron C08L0087000000 Compositions of unspecific macromolecular compounds, obtained otherwise than by polymerisation reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds C08L0089000000 Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof (foodstuff preparations A23J0003000000);; C08L0089020000 Casein-aldehyde condensates C08L0089040000 Products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoof, hair C08L0089060000 derived from leather or skin C08L0091000000 Compositions of oils, fats or waxes; Compositions of derivatives thereof (polishing compositions, ski waxes C09G;soaps, detergent compositions C11D) C08L0091020000 Vulcanised oils, e.g. factice C08L0091040000 Linoxyn C08L0091060000 Waxes C08L0091080000 Mineral wax C08L0093000000 Compositions of natural resins; Compositions of derivatives thereof (polishing compositions C09G);; C08L0093020000 Shellac (French polish C09F);; C08L0093040000 Rosin C08L0095000000 Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch C08L0097000000 Compositions of lignin-containing materials C08L0097020000 Ligno-cellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw, bagasse C08L0099000000 Compositions of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups ; C08L0089000000-C08L0097000000 C08L0101000000 Compositions of unspecified macromolecular compounds C08L0101020000 characterised by the presence of specified groups C08L0101040000 containing halogen atoms C08L0101060000 containing oxygen atoms C08L0101080000 carboxyl groups C09 DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS; MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS C09B ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES; MORDANTS; LAKES C09B0001000000 Dyes with an anthracene nucleus not condensed with any other ring C09B0001020000 Hydroxy-anthraquinones; Ethers and esters thereof C09B0001040000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0001060000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the anthracene nucleus C09B0001080000 Dyes containing only OH groups C09B0001100000 Dyes containing halogen C09B0001120000 Dyes containing sulphonic acid groups C09B0001140000 Dyes containing ether groups C09B0001160000 Amino-anthraquinones C09B0001180000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0001200000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the anthracene nucleus C09B0001220000 Dyes with unsubstituted amino groups C09B0001240000 sulphonated C09B0001260000 Dyes with amino groups substituted by hydrocarbon radicals C09B0001280000 substituted by alkyl, aralkyl, or cyclo-alkyl groups C09B0001300000 sulphonated C09B0001320000 substituted by aryl groups (anthrimides C09B0001480000);; C09B0001340000 sulphonated C09B0001360000 Dyes with acylated amino groups C09B0001380000 urea and thiourea derivatives C09B0001400000 the acyl groups being residues of an aliphatic or araliphatic carboxylic acid C09B0001420000 the acyl groups being residues of an aromatic carboxylic acid C09B0001430000 Dicarboxylic acids C09B0001440000 the acyl groups being residues of a heterocyclic carboxylic acid C09B0001460000 the acyl groups being residues of cyanuric acid or an analogous heterocyclic compound C09B0001467000 attached to two or more anthraquinone rings C09B0001473000 the acyl groups being residues of a sulphonic acid C09B0001480000 Anthrimides C09B0001500000 Amino-hydroxy-anthraquinones; Ethers and esters thereof C09B0001503000 unsubstituted amino hydroxy anthraquinone C09B0001505000 etherified C09B0001510000 N-substituted amino hydroxy anthraquinone C09B0001512000 etherified C09B0001514000 N-aryl derivatives (N-aralkyl derivatives C09B0001515000);; C09B0001515000 N-alkyl, N-aralkyl, or N-cycloalkyl derivatives C09B0001516000 N-acylated derivatives C09B0001520000 sulphonated C09B0001540000 etherified C09B0001560000 Mercapto-anthraquinones C09B0001580000 with mercapto groups substituted by aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, araliphatic or aryl radicals C09B0001600000 substituted by aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic radicals C09B0001620000 with mercapto groups substituted by a heterocyclic ring C09B0003000000 Dyes with anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more carbocyclic rings C09B0003020000 Benzathrones C09B0003040000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003060000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the benzanthrone nucleus C09B0003080000 by halogenation C09B0003100000 Amino derivatives C09B0003120000 Dibenzanthronyls C09B0003140000 Perylene derivatives C09B0003160000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003180000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the perylene nucleus C09B0003200000 by halogenation C09B0003220000 Dibenzanthrones; Isodibenzanthrones C09B0003240000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003260000 from dibenzanthronyls C09B0003280000 from perylene derivatives C09B0003300000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the dibenzanthrone or isodibenzanthrone nucleus C09B0003320000 by halogenation C09B0003340000 by oxidation C09B0003360000 by etherification of hydroxy compounds C09B0003380000 by introduction of hydrocarbon or acyl residues into amino groups C09B0003400000 Pyranthrones C09B0003420000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003440000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the pyranthrone nucleus C09B0003460000 by halogenation C09B0003480000 Amino derivatives C09B0003500000 Dibenzopyrenequinones C09B0003520000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003540000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the dibenzopyrenequinone nucleus C09B0003560000 Amino derivatives C09B0003580000 Benzanthraquinones C09B0003600000 Anthanthrones C09B0003620000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003640000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the anthanthrone nucleus C09B0003660000 by halogenation C09B0003680000 Amino derivatives C09B0003700000 Benzo-, naphtho-, and anthra-dianthrones C09B0003720000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003740000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the benzo-, naphtho-, or anthra-dianthrone nucleus C09B0003760000 by halogenation C09B0003780000 Other dyes in which the anthracene nucleus is condensed with one or more carbocyclic rings C09B0003800000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003820000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the condensed anthracene nucleus C09B0005000000 Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings C09B0005020000 the heterocyclic ring being condensed in peri position C09B0005040000 Pyrazolanthrones C09B0005060000 Benzanthronyl-pyrazolanthrone condensation products C09B0005080000 Dipyrazolanthrones C09B0005100000 Isothiazolanthrones; Isoxazolanthrones; Isoselenazolanthrones C09B0005120000 Thiophenanthrones C09B0005140000 Benz-azabenzanthrones (anthrapyridones) C09B0005160000 Benz-diazabenzanthrones, e.g. anthrapyrimidones C09B0005180000 Coeroxene; Coerthiene; Coeramidene; Derivatives thereof C09B0005200000 Flavanthrones C09B0005220000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the flavanthrone nucleus C09B0005240000 the heterocyclic ring(s) being condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 or 2-3 position C09B0005260000 Carbazoles of the anthracene series C09B0005280000 Anthrimide carbazoles C09B0005300000 1.2 azoles of the anthracene series C09B0005320000 1.3 azoles of the anthracene series C09B0005340000 Anthraquinone acridones and thioxanthones C09B0005360000 Amino acridones C09B0005380000 Compounds containing acridone and carbazole rings C09B0005400000 Condensation products of benzanthronyl-amino-anthraquinones C09B0005420000 Pyridino anthraquinones C09B0005440000 Azines of the anthracene series C09B0005460000 Para-diazines C09B0005480000 Bis-anthraquinonediazines (indanthrone) C09B0005500000 Preparation by alkaline melting of 2-amino-anthraquinones C09B0005520000 Preparation by condensation of 1.2-halogeno-amino-anthraquinones C09B0005540000 Preparation from 2-amino-anthrahydroquinones C09B0005560000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the indanthrene nucleus C09B0005580000 by halogenation C09B0005600000 Thiazines; Oxazines C09B0005620000 Cyclic imides and amidines of peri-dicarboxylic acids of the anthracene, benzanthrene, and perylene series C09B0006000000 Anthracene dyes not provided for above C09B0007000000 Indigoid dyes C09B0007020000 Bis-indole indigos C09B0007040000 Halogenation thereof C09B0007060000 Indone-thionaphthene indigos C09B0007080000 Other indole-indigos C09B0007100000 Bis-thionaphthene indigos C09B0007120000 Other thionaphthene indigos C09B0009000000 Esters and ester-salts of leuco compounds of vat dyestuffs C09B0009020000 of anthracene dyes C09B0009040000 of indigoid dyes C09B0011000000 Diaryl- and triarylmethane dyes C09B0011020000 derived from diarylmethanes C09B0011040000 derived from triarylmethanes C09B0011060000 Hydroxy derivatives of triarylmethanes in which at least one OH group is bound to an aryl nucleus C09B0011080000 Phthaleins C09B0011100000 Amino derivatives of triarylmethanes C09B0011120000 without any OH group bound to an aryl nucleus C09B0011140000 Preparation from aromatic aldehydes, aromatic carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, and aromatic amines C09B0011160000 Preparation from diarylketones or diarylcarbinols C09B0011180000 Preparation by oxidation C09B0011200000 Preparation from other triarylmethane derivatives C09B0011220000 containing OH groups bound to an aryl nucleus C09B0011240000 Phthaleins containing amino groups C09B0011260000 Triarylmethane dyes in which at least one of the aromatic nuclei is heterocyclic C09B0011280000 Pyronines C09B0013000000 Oxyketone dyes C09B0013020000 of the naphthalene series, e.g. naphthazarin C09B0013040000 of the pyrene series C09B0013060000 of the acetophenone series C09B0015000000 Acridine dyes C09B0017000000 Azine dyes C09B0017020000 of the benzene series C09B0017040000 of the naphthalene series C09B0017060000 Fluorindine and its derivatives C09B0019000000 Oxazine dyes C09B0019020000 Bisoxazines prepared from aminoquinones C09B0021000000 Thiazine dyes C09B0023000000 Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes C09B0023010000 characterised by the methine chain C09B0023020000 containing an odd number of CH groups C09B0023040000 one CH group, e.g. cyanines, isocyanines, pseudocyanines C09B0023060000 three CH groups, e.g. carbocyanines C09B0023080000 more than three CH groups, e.g. polycarbocyanines C09B0023100000 containing an even number of CH groups C09B0023120000 the polymethine chain being branched C09B0023140000 Styryl dyes C09B0023160000 the polymethine chain containing hetero atoms C09B0025000000 Quinophthalones C09B0026000000 Hydrazone dyes; Triazene dyes C09B0026020000 Hydrazone dyes (hydrazone-azo dyes C09B0056180000);; C09B0026040000 cationic C09B0026060000 Triazene dyes (triazene-azo dyes C09B0056200000);; C09B0027000000 Preparations in which the azo group is formed in any way other than by diazotising and coupling C09B0027060000 Tartrazines C09B0029000000 Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0029010000 characterised by the diazo component C09B0029020000 from diazotised o-amino-hydroxy compounds C09B0029030000 from diazotised o-amino-carboxylic acids or o-amino-sulphonic acids C09B0029033000 from diazotised amines containing a heterocyclic ring C09B0029036000 the heterocyclic ring containing only nitrogen as hetero atoms C09B0029039000 the heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen and sulphur as hetero atoms C09B0029042000 the hetero ring being a thiazole ring C09B0029045000 Benzothiazoles C09B0029048000 the hetero ring being a thiadiazole ring C09B0029060000 from coupling components containing amino as the only directing group C09B0029080000 amino-benzenes C09B0029085000 coupled with diazotised anilines C09B0029090000 coupled with diazotised amines containing heterocyclic rings C09B0029095000 Amino-naphthalenes C09B0029100000 from coupling components containing hydroxyl as the only directing group C09B0029120000 of the benzene series C09B0029140000 Hydroxy-carboxylic acids C09B0029150000 of the naphthalene series C09B0029160000 Naphthol-sulphonic acids C09B0029180000 ortho-Hydroxy carbonamides C09B0029200000 of the naphthalene series C09B0029220000 of heterocyclic compounds C09B0029240000 from coupling components containing both hydroxyl and amino directing groups C09B0029260000 Amino-phenols C09B0029280000 Amino-naphthols C09B0029300000 Amino-naphtholsulphonic acid C09B0029320000 from coupling components containing a reactive methylene group C09B0029330000 Aceto- or benzoyl-acetylarylides C09B0029340000 from other coupling components C09B0029360000 from heterocyclic compounds C09B0029400000 containing a five-membered ring with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C09B0029420000 containing a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C09B0029440000 Quinolines or hydrogenated quinolines C09B0029460000 1,2-Diazoles or hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles C09B0029480000 Amino-1,2-diazoles C09B0029500000 1,2-Diazolones C09B0029520000 Diazines C09B0031000000 Disazo and polyazo dyes of the type A B C, A B C D, etc., prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0031020000 Disazo dyes C09B0031040000 from a coupling component "C" containing a directive amino group C09B0031043000 Amino-benzenes C09B0031047000 containing acid groups, e.g. COOH, SO; 3H, PO3H2, OSO3H, OPO2H2Salts thereof C09B0031053000 Amino-naphthalenes C09B0031057000 containing acid groups, e.g. COOH, SO; 3H, PO3H2, OSO3H, OPO2H2Salts thereof C09B0031060000 from a coupling component "C" containing a directive hydroxyl group C09B0031062000 Phenols C09B0031065000 containing acid groups, e.g. COOH, SO; 3H, PO3H2, OSO3H, OPO2H2Salts thereof C09B0031068000 Naphthols C09B0031072000 containing acid groups, e.g. COOH, SO; 3H, PO3H2, OSO3H, OPO2H2Salts thereof C09B0031075000 ortho-Hydroxy carboxylic acid amides C09B0031078000 containing acid groups, e.g. COOH, SO; 3H, PO3H2, OSO3H, OPO2H2Salts thereof C09B0031080000 from a coupling component "C" containing directive hydroxyl and amino groups C09B0031100000 from a coupling component "C" containing reactive methylene groups C09B0031110000 Aceto- or benzoyl-acetylarylides C09B0031120000 from other coupling components "C" C09B0031140000 heterocyclic components C09B0031143000 1,2-Diazoles C09B0031147000 Pyrazoles C09B0031150000 Indoles C09B0031153000 containing a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C09B0031157000 Quinolines or hydrogenated quinolines C09B0031160000 Trisazo dyes C09B0031180000 from a coupling component "D" containing a directive amino group C09B0031200000 from a coupling component "D" containing a directive hydroxyl group C09B0031220000 from a coupling component "D" containing directive hydroxyl and amino groups C09B0031240000 from a coupling component "D" containing reactive methylene groups C09B0031260000 from other coupling components "D" C09B0031280000 heterocyclic compounds C09B0031300000 Other polyazo dyes C09B0033000000 Disazo and polyazo dyes of the types A; KB, ABKC, etc., prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0033020000 Disazo dyes C09B0033040000 in which the coupling component is a dihydroxy or polyhydroxy compound C09B0033044000 the coupling component being a bis-phenol C09B0033048000 the coupling component being a bis-naphthol C09B0033052000 the coupling component being a bis-(naphthol-amine) C09B0033056000 the coupling component being a bis-(naphthol-urea) C09B0033060000 in which the coupling component is a diamine or polyamine C09B0033080000 in which the coupling component is a hydroxy-amino compound C09B0033100000 in which the coupling component is an amino-naphthol C09B0033120000 in which the coupling component is a heterocyclic compound C09B0033130000 the coupling component being a bis-pyrazolone C09B0033147000 in which the coupling component is a bis-(o-hydroxy-carboxylic acid amide) C09B0033153000 in which the coupling component is a bis-(aceto-acetyl amide) or a bis-(benzoyl-acetylamide) C09B0033160000 from other coupling components C09B0033180000 Trisazo or higher polyazo dyes C09B0033220000 Trisazo dyes of the type A; BKC C09B0033240000 Trisazo dyes of the type C09B0033260000 Tetrazo dyes of the type A; BCKD C09B0033280000 Tetrazo dyes of the type A; BKCD C09B0033300000 Tetrazo dyes of the type C09B0033320000 Tetrazo dyes of the type C09B0035000000 Disazo and polyazo dyes of the type A; DB prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0035020000 Disazo dyes C09B0035021000 characterised by two coupling components of the same type C09B0035023000 in which the coupling component is a hydroxy or polyhydroxy compound C09B0035025000 in which the coupling component is an amine or polyamine C09B0035027000 in which the coupling component is a hydroxy-amino compound C09B0035029000 Amino-naphthol C09B0035030000 in which the coupling component is a heterocyclic compound C09B0035031000 containing a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C09B0035033000 in which the coupling component is an arylamide of an o-hydroxy-carboxylic acid or of a beta-keto-carboxylic acid C09B0035035000 in which the coupling component contains an activated methylene group C09B0035037000 characterised by two coupling components of different types C09B0035039000 characterised by the tetrazo component C09B0035040000 the tetrazo component being a benzene derivative C09B0035060000 the tetrazo component being a naphthalene derivative C09B0035080000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of biphenyl C09B0035100000 from two coupling components of the same type C09B0035120000 from amines C09B0035140000 from hydroxy compounds C09B0035160000 from hydroxy-amines C09B0035180000 from heterocyclic compounds C09B0035200000 from two coupling compounds of different types C09B0035205000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl- or triaryl-alkane or -alkene C09B0035210000 of diarylmethane or triarylmethane C09B0035215000 of diarylethane or diarylethene C09B0035220000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl ether C09B0035227000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl sulphide or diaryl polysulphide C09B0035233000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl ketone or benzil C09B0035240000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl amine C09B0035260000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl urea C09B0035280000 the tetrazo component containing two aryl nuclei linked by at least one of the groups ; CON, SO2N, SO2, or SO2O C09B0035300000 from two identical coupling components C09B0035320000 from two different coupling components C09B0035340000 the tetrazo component being heterocyclic C09B0035350000 Trisazo dyes in which the tetrazo component is a diamino-azo-aryl compound C09B0035360000 Trisazo dyes of the type C09B0035362000 D is benzene C09B0035364000 D is naphthalene C09B0035366000 D is diphenyl C09B0035368000 D is a diarylether, a diarylsulphide or a diarylpolysulphide C09B0035370000 D is a diarylamine C09B0035372000 D is a diarylurea C09B0035374000 D contains two aryl nuclei linked by at least one of the groups ; CON, SO2N, SO2, or SO2O C09B0035376000 D is a heterocyclic compound C09B0035378000 Trisazo dyes of the type C09B0035380000 Trisazo dyes ot the types C09B0035400000 the component K being a dihydroxy or polyhydroxy compound C09B0035420000 the component K being a diamine or polyamine C09B0035440000 the component K being a hydroxy-amine C09B0035460000 the component K being an amino-naphthol C09B0035480000 the component K being heterocyclic C09B0035500000 Tetrazo dyes C09B0035520000 of the type C09B0035540000 of the type C09B0035560000 of the type C09B0035580000 of the type C09B0035600000 of the type C09B0035620000 of the type C09B0035640000 Higher polyazo dyes, e.g. of the types C09B0037000000 Azo dyes prepared by coupling the diazotised amine with itself C09B0039000000 Other azo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0041000000 Special methods of performing the coupling reaction C09B0043000000 Preparation of azo dyes from other azo compounds C09B0043020000 by sulphonation C09B0043040000 by nitration C09B0043060000 by oxidation C09B0043080000 by reduction (deamination C09B0043440000);; C09B0043100000 with formation of a new azo or an azoxy bridge C09B0043110000 by introducing hydrocarbon radicals or substituted hydrocarbon radicals on primary or secondary amino groups (formation of an amino group by reduction, e.g. of a nitro group, C09B0043080000);; C09B0043120000 by acylation of amino groups C09B0043124000 with monocarboxylic acids, carbamic esters or halides, monoisocyanates, or haloformic acid esters C09B0043128000 Aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or araliphatic acids C09B0043132000 having the carboxyl group directly attached to an aromatic carbocyclic ring C09B0043136000 with polyfunctional acylating agents C09B0043140000 with phosgene or thiophosgene C09B0043145000 with polycarboxylic acids C09B0043150000 with formation of cyclic imides of ortho- or peri-dicarboxylic acids C09B0043155000 with di- or poly-isocyanates C09B0043160000 linking amino-azo compounds with other amino compounds by cyanuric acid or cyanuric acid residues C09B0043180000 by acylation of hydroxyl groups C09B0043200000 with monocarboxylic acids, carbamic acid esters or halides, monoisocyanates or haloformic acid esters C09B0043220000 having the carboxyl group directly attached to an aromatic carbocyclic ring C09B0043240000 with formation of ; OSO2R or OSO3H radicals C09B0043260000 with polyfunctional acylating agents C09B0043280000 by etherification of hydroxyl groups C09B0043300000 by esterification of ; COOH or SO3H groups C09B0043320000 by reacting carboxyl or sulphonic groups, or derivatives thereof, with amines; by reacting keto-groups with amines C09B0043340000 by reacting ortho- or peri-dicarboxylic dyes C09B0043360000 with amino-anthracene or amino-anthraquinone dyes C09B0043380000 by reacting two or more ortho-hydroxy naphthoic acid dyes with polyamines C09B0043400000 by substituting hetero atoms by radicals containing other hetero atoms C09B0043420000 by substituting radicals containing hetero atoms for ; CN radicals C09B0043440000 by substituting amine groups for hydroxyl groups or hydroxyl groups for amine groups; Desacylation of amino-acyl groups; Deaminating C09B0044000000 Azo dyes containing onium groups C09B0044020000 containing ammonium groups not directly attached to an azo group C09B0044040000 from coupling components containing amino as the only directing group C09B0044060000 from coupling components containing hydroxyl as the only directing group C09B0044080000 from coupling components containing heterocyclic rings C09B0044100000 containing cyclammonium groups attached to an azo group by a carbon atom of the ring system C09B0044120000 having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom C09B0044140000 1,2-Diazoles or hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles C09B0044160000 1,3-Diazoles or hydrogenated 1,3-diazoles C09B0044180000 having three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms C09B0044200000 Thiazoles or hydrogenated thiazoles C09B0045000000 Complex metal compounds of azo dyes C09B0045010000 characterised by the method of metallisation C09B0045020000 Preparation from dyes containing in o-position a hydroxyl group and in o1-position hydroxyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, amino, or keto groups C09B0045040000 Azo compounds in general C09B0045060000 Chromium compounds C09B0045080000 Copper compounds C09B0045100000 Cobalt compounds C09B0045120000 other metal compounds C09B0045140000 Monoazo compounds C09B0045160000 containing chromium C09B0045180000 containing copper C09B0045200000 containing cobalt C09B0045220000 containing other metals C09B0045240000 Disazo and polyazo compounds C09B0045260000 containing chromium C09B0045280000 containing copper C09B0045300000 containing cobalt C09B0045320000 containing other metals C09B0045340000 Preparation from o-monohydroxy azo compounds having in the o1-position an atom or functional group other than hydroxyl, alkoxy, carboxyl, amino, or keto groups C09B0045360000 by oxidation of hydrogen in o1 position C09B0045380000 Preparation from compounds with OH and COOH adjacent in the same ring or in peri position C09B0045400000 Chromium compounds C09B0045420000 Copper compounds C09B0045440000 Cobalt compounds C09B0045460000 Other metal compounds C09B0045480000 Preparation from other complex metal compounds of azo dyes C09B0046000000 Azodyes not provided for in groups ; C09B0027000000-C09B0045000000 C09B0047000000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0047040000 Phthalocyanines C09B0047060000 Preparation from carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof C09B0047067000 from phthalodinitriles C09B0047073000 Preparation from isoindolenines C09B0047080000 Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds C09B0047100000 Obtaining compounds having halogen atoms directly bound to the phthalocyanine skeleton C09B0047120000 Obtaining compounds having alkyl radicals, or alkyl radicals substituted by hetero atoms, bound to the phthalocyanine skeleton C09B0047140000 having alkyl radicals substituted by halogen atoms C09B0047160000 having alkyl radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms C09B0047180000 Obtaining compounds having oxygen atoms directly bound to the phthalocyanine skeleton C09B0047200000 Obtaining compounds having sulphur atoms directly bound to the phthalocyanine skeleton C09B0047220000 Obtaining compounds having nitrogen atoms directly bound to the phthalocyanine skeleton C09B0047240000 Obtaining compounds having ; COOH or SO3H radicals, or derivatives thereof, directly bound to the phthalocyanine radical C09B0047260000 Amide radicals C09B0047280000 Phthalocyanine dyes containing ; SSO3H radicals C09B0047300000 Metal-free phthalocyanines C09B0047320000 Cationic phthalocyanine dyes C09B0048000000 Quinacridones C09B0049000000 Sulphur dyes C09B0049020000 from nitro compounds of the benzene, naphthalene and anthracene series C09B0049040000 from amino compounds of the benzene, naphthalene and anthracene series C09B0049060000 from azines, oxazines, thiazines, and thiazoles C09B0049080000 from urea derivatives C09B0049100000 from diphenylamines, indamines, and indophenols C09B0049120000 from other compounds C09B0050000000 Formazane dyes; Tetrazolium dyes C09B0050020000 Tetrazolium dyes C09B0050040000 Metal-free formazane dyes C09B0050060000 Bis-formazane dyes C09B0050080000 Meso-acyl formazane dyes C09B0050100000 Cationic formazane dyes C09B0051000000 Nitro and nitroso dyes C09B0053000000 Quinone imides C09B0053020000 Indamines; Indophenols C09B0055000000 Azomethine dyes C09B0056000000 Azo dyes containing other chromophoric systems C09B0056020000 Azomethine-azo dyes C09B0056040000 Stilbene-azo dyes C09B0056060000 Bis- or poly-stilbene-azo dyes C09B0056080000 Styryl-azo dyes C09B0056100000 Formazane-azo dyes C09B0056120000 Anthraquinone-azo dyes C09B0056140000 Phthalocyanine-azo dyes C09B0056160000 Methine- or polymethine-azo dyes C09B0056180000 Hydrazone-azo dyes C09B0056200000 Triazene-azo dyes C09B0057000000 Other synthetic dyes of known constitution C09B0057020000 Coumarine dyes C09B0057040000 Isoindoline dyes C09B0057060000 Naphtholactam dyes C09B0057080000 Naphthalimide dyes; Phthalimide dyes C09B0057100000 Metal complexes of organic compounds not being dyes in uncomplexed form C09B0057120000 Perinones, i.e. naphthoylene-aryl-imidazoles C09B0057140000 Benzoxanthene dyes; Benzothioxanthene dyes C09B0059000000 Artificial dyes of unknown constitution C09B0061000000 Dyes of natural origin prepared from natural sources C09B0062000000 Reactive dyes, i.e. dyes which form covalent bonds with the substrates or which polymerise with themselves C09B0062002000 with the linkage of the reactive group being alternatively specified C09B0062004000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062006000 Azo dyes C09B0062008000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062010000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062012000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062014000 Nitro dyes C09B0062016000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062018000 Formazane dyes C09B0062020000 with the reactive group directly attached to a heterocyclic ring C09B0062022000 the heterocyclic ring being alternatively specified C09B0062024000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062026000 Azo dyes C09B0062028000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062030000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062032000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062034000 Nitro dyes C09B0062036000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062038000 Formazane dyes C09B0062040000 to a triazine ring C09B0062060000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062080000 Azo dyes C09B0062085000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062090000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062095000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062100000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062120000 to a pyridazine ring C09B0062140000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062160000 Azo dyes C09B0062165000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062170000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062175000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062180000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062200000 to a pyrimidine ring C09B0062220000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062240000 Azo dyes C09B0062245000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062250000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062255000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062260000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062280000 to a pyrazine ring C09B0062300000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062320000 Azo dyes C09B0062325000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062330000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062335000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062340000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062343000 to a five-membered ring C09B0062345000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062347000 Azo dyes C09B0062350000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062353000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062355000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062357000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062360000 to some other heterocyclic ring C09B0062380000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062400000 Azo dyes C09B0062405000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062410000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062415000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062420000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062440000 with the reactive group not directly attached to a heterocyclic ring C09B0062443000 the reactive group being alternatively specified C09B0062445000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062447000 Azo dyes C09B0062450000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062453000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062455000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062457000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062463000 Formazane dyes C09B0062465000 the reactive group being an acryloyl group, a quaternised or non-quaternised aminoalkyl carbonyl group, or a (; N)nCOAOX or (N)nCOAHal group, wherein A is an alkylene or alkylidene group, X is hydrogen or an acyl radical of an organic or inorganic acid, Hal is a halogen atom, and n is 0 or 1 C09B0062467000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062470000 Azo dyes C09B0062473000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062475000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062477000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062483000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062485000 the reactive group being a halo-cyclobutyl- carbonyl, ha o-cyclobutyl-vinyl-carbonyl, or halo-cyclobutenyl-carbonyl group C09B0062487000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062489000 Azo dyes C09B0062491000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062493000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062495000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062497000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062503000 the reactive group being an esterified or non-esterified hydroxyalkyl sulphonyl or mercaptoalkyl sulphonyl group, a quaternised or non-quaternised aminoalkyl sulphonyl group, a heterylmercapto alkyl sulphonyl group, a vinyl sulphonyl or a substituted vinyl sulphonyl group, or a thiophene-dioxide group C09B0062505000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062507000 Azo dyes C09B0062510000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062513000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062515000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062517000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062523000 the reactive group being an esterified or non-esterified hydroxyalkyl sulphonyl amido or hydroxyalkyl amino sulphonyl group, a quaternised or non-quaternised amino alkyl sulphonyl amido group, or a substituted alkyl amino sulphonyl group, or a halogen alkyl sulphonyl amido or halogen alkyl amino sulphonyl group or a vinyl sulphonylamido or a substituted vinyl sulphonamido group C09B0062525000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062527000 Azo dyes C09B0062530000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062533000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062535000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062537000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062540000 the reactive group being an epoxy or halohydrin group C09B0062560000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062580000 Azo dyes C09B0062585000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062590000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062595000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062600000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062620000 the reactive group being an ethylenimino or N-acylated ethylenimino group or a ; CONHCH2CH2X group, wherein X is a halogen atom, a quaternary ammonium group or O-acyl and acyl is derived from an organic or inorganic acid, or a beta-substituted ethylamine group C09B0062640000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062660000 Azo dyes C09B0062665000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062670000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062675000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062680000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062763000 the reactive group being a N-methylol group or an O-derivative thereof C09B0062765000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062767000 Azo dyes C09B0062770000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062773000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062775000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062777000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0062780000 with other reactive groups C09B0062800000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062820000 Azo dyes C09B0062825000 Monoazo dyes C09B0062830000 Disazo or polyazo dyes C09B0062835000 Metal complex azo dyes C09B0062840000 Porphines; Azaporphines C09B0063000000 Lakes C09B0065000000 Compositions containing mordants (preparation of the mordant compounds C01, C07);; C09B0067000000 Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solvents; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films C09B0067020000 Dyestuff preparations characterised by special physical forms, e.g. tablets, films C09B0067040000 Grinding or milling (C09B0067140000 takes precedence);; C09B0067060000 Drying C09B0067080000 Coated particulate pigments or dyes C09B0067100000 Influencing the physical properties by treatment with a liquid, e.g. solvents (C09B0067140000, C09B0067180000, C09B0067200000 take precedence);; C09B0067120000 of phthalocyanines C09B0067140000 Influencing the physical properties by treatment with an acid C09B0067160000 of phthalocyanines C09B0067180000 Influencing the physical properties by treatment with an amine C09B0067200000 Preparations of organic pigments C09B0067220000 Mixtures of different pigments or dyes or solid solutions of pigments or dyes C09B0067240000 Preparations of acid dyes or reactive dyes C09B0067260000 in liquid form C09B0067280000 Preparations of vat or sulphur dyes C09B0067300000 in liquid form C09B0067320000 Preparations of cationic or basic dyes C09B0067340000 in liquid form C09B0067360000 Azoic dyestuff preparations C09B0067380000 Preparations of disperse dyes C09B0067400000 in liquid form C09B0067420000 Preparations of dyes not provided for in a single one of groups ; C09B0067240000-C09B0067400000 C09B0067440000 Solutions C09B0067460000 Dispersions C09B0067480000 Crystalline modifications of pigments or dyestuff (C09B0067240000 takes precedence);; C09B0067500000 of phthalocyanines C09B0067520000 of quinacridones C09B0067540000 Separation; Purification (C09B0067060000, C09B0067100000 take precedence);; C09B0069000000 Dyes not provided for by a single group of this sub-class C09B0069020000 Dyestuff salts, e.g. salts of acid dyes with basic dyes (for Na, K, or NH4 + salts of dyes or for chlorides, sulphates or chlorozincates, see the relevant dye groups);; C09B0069040000 of anionic dyes with nitrogen containing compounds C09B0069060000 of cationic dyes with organic acids C09B0069080000 Dyes containing a splittable water solubilising group C09B0069100000 Polymeric dyes; Reaction products of dyes with monomers or with macromolecular compounds C09C TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, to ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES (preparation per se of inorganic compounds or non-metallic elements C01);;PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK C09C0001000000 Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers (luminescent or tenebrescent materials C09K);;Preparation of carbon black C09C0001020000 compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium C09C0001040000 compounds of zinc C09C0001060000 lithopone C09C0001080000 zinc chromate C09C0001100000 compounds of cadmium C09C0001120000 cadmium sulphoselenide C09C0001140000 compounds of lead C09C0001160000 white lead C09C0001180000 red lead C09C0001200000 lead chromate C09C0001220000 compounds of iron C09C0001240000 oxides of iron C09C0001260000 iron blues C09C0001280000 compounds of silicon C09C0001300000 silicic acid C09C0001320000 ultramarine C09C0001340000 compounds of chromium C09C0001360000 compounds of titanium C09C0001380000 compounds of mercury C09C0001400000 compounds of aluminium C09C0001420000 clays (preparatory treatment for clay wares C04B0033040000);; C09C0001440000 Carbon C09C0001460000 graphite (preparation of graphite C01B0031040000);; C09C0001480000 carbon black C09C0001500000 furnace black C09C0001520000 channel black C09C0001540000 acetylene black; thermal black C09C0001560000 Treatment of carbon black C09C0001580000 Agglomerating, pelleting, and the like by wet methods C09C0001600000 Agglomerating, pelleting, and the like by dry methods C09C0001620000 metallic pigments or fillers (obtaining metal powder, see the relevatn class for the method used, e.g. B22F0009000000, C21B0015020000, C22B0005200000, C25C0005000000);; C09C0001640000 aluminium C09C0001660000 copper alloys, e.g. bronze C09C0001680000 loose abrasive particles C09C0003000000 Treatment in general of inorganic materials, other than fibrous fillers, to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties (dyeing other macromolecular particles C08J0003200000;dyeing macromolecular fibres D06P) C09C0003040000 Physical treatment, e.g. grinding, treatment with ultrasonic vibrations C09C0003060000 Treatment with inorganic compounds C09C0003080000 Treatment with low-molecular organic compounds C09C0003100000 Treatment with macromolecular organic compounds C09C0003120000 Treatment with organosilicon compounds C09D INKS; PAINTS; VARNISHES; LACQUERS; WOOD-STAINS; CHEMICAL PAINT REMOVERS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING (cosmetics A61K;staining wood B27K0005020000; decorating B44; textile-treating compositions D06) C09D0001000000 Paints, varnishes, or lacquers essentially based on inorganic film-forming substances (C04B takes precedence);; C09D0001020000 alkali metal silicates C09D0001040000 with organic additives C09D0001060000 cement C09D0001080000 with organic additives C09D0001100000 lime C09D0001120000 with organic additives C09D0003000000 Paints, varnishes, or lacquers essentially based on organic film-forming substances C09D0003020000 proteins C09D0003040000 gelatine or derivatives C09D0003060000 casein or derivatives C09D0003080000 prolamine or derivatives C09D0003100000 polysaccharides C09D0003120000 cellulose derivatives C09D0003140000 cellulose esters C09D0003160000 nitrocellulose C09D0003180000 cellulose ethers C09D0003200000 starch or derivatives C09D0003220000 dextran or derivatives C09D0003240000 liquid bituminous materials C09D0003260000 drying-oils C09D0003280000 natural or modified oils C09D0003300000 linseed oil C09D0003320000 stand oils C09D0003340000 oils with conjugated double bonds C09D0003360000 rubber or derivatives C09D0003380000 chlorinated rubber C09D0003387000 waxes C09D0003393000 with synthetic resins C09D0003400000 natural resins or derivatives C09D0003420000 with fatty material C09D0003440000 with wax material C09D0003460000 with bituminous material C09D0003480000 essentially based on wholly synthetic film-forming substances C09D0003490000 polycondensation products (resins containing silicon C09D0003820000;resins containing titanium C09D0003840000) C09D0003500000 aminoplasts C09D0003520000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003540000 phenoplasts C09D0003560000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003580000 epoxy resins C09D0003620000 ketone resins C09D0003640000 polyesters, e.g. alkyd resins C09D0003660000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003680000 unsaturated polyesters C09D0003700000 polyamides C09D0003720000 polyurethanes C09D0003727000 polymerisation products C09D0003733000 hydrocarbon resins C09D0003740000 vinyl resins C09D0003760000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003780000 fluorine-containing C09D0003800000 polyacrylates C09D0003810000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003820000 resins containing silicon in their structure C09D0003840000 resins containing titanium in their structure C09D0005000000 Paints, varnishes, or lacquers classified according to their physical nature or to the effects produced C09D0005020000 Emulsion paints C09D0005040000 Thixotropic paints C09D0005060000 Artists' paints C09D0005080000 Anti-corrosive paints C09D0005100000 containing metal dust C09D0005120000 Wash primers C09D0005140000 Paints containing fungicides or insecticides; Anti-fouling paints; Ship's bottom paints C09D0005160000 Ship's bottom paints C09D0005180000 Fireproof paints C09D0005200000 for coatings strippable as coherent films C09D0005220000 Luminous paints C09D0005230000 Magnetisable or magnetic paints or lacquers C09D0005240000 Electrically-conducting paints C09D0005250000 Electrically-insulating paints or lacquers C09D0005260000 Thermosensitive paints C09D0005280000 for wrinkle, crackle, orange-peel, or similar decorative effects C09D0005290000 for multicolour effects C09D0005300000 Camouflage paints C09D0005320000 Radiation-absorbing paints C09D0005340000 Filling pastes, e.g. putties (sealing materials C09K0003100000, C09K0003120000);; C09D0005360000 Pearl essence C09D0005380000 Paints containing free metal not provided for above C09D0005400000 for electrostatic or electrophoretic applications (coating of metals by electrophoresis C25D0013000000);; C09D0005420000 for whirl-sintering or flame-spraying C09D0007000000 Other features (driers C09F0009000000);; C09D0007020000 Use of compounds as anti-settling agents C09D0007040000 Use of compounds as anti-skinning agents C09D0007060000 Use of compounds as levelling agents C09D0007120000 Other additives C09D0007140000 Special processes for incorporating ingredients C09D0009000000 Chemical paint or ink remover C09D0009020000 with abrasives C09D0009040000 with surface-active agents C09D0011000000 Inks C09D0011020000 Printing inks C09D0011040000 based on proteins C09D0011060000 based on fatty oils C09D0011080000 based on natural resins C09D0011100000 based on artificial resins C09D0011120000 based on waxes or bitumen C09D0011140000 based on carbohydrates C09D0011160000 Writing inks C09D0011180000 for use in ball-point writing instruments C09D0011200000 indelible C09D0013000000 Pencil-leads; Crayons C09D0015000000 Wood-stains C09D0017000000 Pigment pastes, e.g. for mixing in paints (artists' paints C09D0005060000);; C09F NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; DRIERS (SICCATIVES); TURPENTINE C09F0001000000 Obtaining, purification, or chemical modification of natural resins, e.g. oleo-resins C09F0001020000 Purification C09F0001040000 Chemical modification, e.g. esterification (resin soaps C11D);; C09F0003000000 Obtaining spirits of turpentine C09F0003020000 as a by-product in the paper-pulping process C09F0005000000 Obtaining drying-oils (preparation of synthetic oil by polymerisation C08F, C08G);; C09F0005020000 from natural sources C09F0005040000 from cashew nuts C09F0005060000 by dehydration of hydroxylated fatty acids or oils C09F0005080000 by esterification of fatty acids C09F0005100000 Refining C09F0005120000 by distillation C09F0007000000 Chemical modification of drying-oils (modifying by copolymerisation C08F;by polycondensation C08G; factice C08H) C09F0007020000 by oxidising C09F0007040000 by voltolising C09F0007060000 by polymerisation C09F0007080000 by isomerisation C09F0007100000 by re-esterification C09F0007120000 Apparatus therefor C09F0009000000 Compounds to be used as driers (siccatives) C09F0011000000 Preparation of French polish C09G POLISHING COMPOSITIONS OTHER THAN FRENCH POLISH; SKI WAXES C09G0001000000 Polishing compositions (French polish C09F0011000000;detergents C11D) C09G0001020000 containing abrasives or grinding agents C09G0001040000 Aqueous dispersions (C09G0001020000 takes precedence);; C09G0001060000 Other polishing compositions C09G0001080000 based on wax C09G0001100000 based on mixtures of wax and natural or synthetic resin C09G0001120000 mixtures of wax and silicon-containing polycondensates C09G0001140000 based on non-waxy substances C09G0001160000 on natural or synthetic resins C09G0001180000 on other substances C09G0003000000 Ski waxes C09H PREPARATION OF GLUE OR GELATINE C09H0001000000 Pretreatment of collagen-containing raw materials for the manufacture of glue C09H0001020000 of bones (defatting bones C11B);; C09H0001040000 of hides, hoofs, or leather scrap (recovery of tanning agents C14C);; C09H0003000000 Isolation of glue or gelatine from raw materials, e.g. by extracting, by heating (gelatine for foodstuffs A23J0001100000);; C09H0003020000 Purification of solutions of gelatine C09H0005000000 Stabilisation of solutions of glue or gelatine C09H0007000000 Preparation of water-insoluble gelatine C09H0009000000 Drying of glue or gelatine C09H0009020000 in the form of foils C09H0009040000 in the form of granules, e.g. beads C09H0011000000 Adhesives based on glue or gelatine C09J THE USE OF MATERIALS OTHER THAN GLUE AS ADHESIVES; ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL (NON-MECHANICAL PART) C09J0001000000 Adhesives, with inorganic adhesive constituents C09J0001020000 with water-soluble alkali silicates C09J0003000000 Adhesives, other than glue, with organic adhesive constituents C09J0003020000 with polysaccharides or their derivatives, e.g. mucilages C09J0003040000 cellulose derivatives C09J0003060000 starch; dextrine C09J0003080000 gum arabic C09J0003100000 alginates C09J0003120000 with latex or natural or synthetic rubber C09J0003140000 with macromolecular polymerisation products C09J0003160000 with macromolecular polycondensates C09J0003180000 with proteins (glue C09H);; C09J0003200000 animal proteins C09J0003220000 keratin C09J0003240000 casein, blood or blood albumen C09J0003260000 with natural gums, waxes, or resins (gum arabic C09J0003080000);; C09J0003280000 with lignin C09J0003300000 with bitumen, tar, asphalt C09J0005000000 Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere (devices for applying glue to surfaces to be joined B05, B27G0011000000);; C09J0005020000 involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined C09J0005040000 separate application of adhesive ingredients to the different surfaces to be joined C09J0005060000 involving heating of the applied adhesive C09J0005080000 Using foamed adhesives C09J0005100000 Joining materials by welding overlapping edges with an insertion of plastic material C09J0007000000 Adhesive materials in the form of films or foils C09J0007020000 on carriers C09J0007040000 on paper or textile fabric (adhesive plasters A61L0015060000);; C09K COMPOSITIONS NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS C09K0003000000 Miscellaneous compositions; The use of materials not provided for elsewhere C09K0003100000 Materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K0003120000 Materials for stopping leaks in radiators C09K0003140000 Anti-slip compositions; Abrasive compositions (manufacture of abrasive material containing organic macromolecular compounds C08J0005140000);; C09K0003160000 Anti-static compositions C09K0003180000 Compositions for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing materials C09K0003200000 Substitutes for glycerine in its non-chemical uses, e.g. as a base in toilet creams or ointments C09K0003220000 Dust-laying or dust-absorbing compositions C09K0003240000 Compositions simulating ice or snow C09K0003280000 Fireproofing compositions C09K0003300000 Aerosol compositions C09K0003320000 Materials for absorbing liquids to remove pollution, e.g. oil, gasoline, fat C09K0003340000 Liquid crystal compositions C09K0005000000 Materials for transfer of heat or for producing temperature differences other than by combustion C09K0005020000 the heat effect being accompanied by a change of physical state C09K0005040000 the change of state being from liquid to vapour or ; vice-versa C09K0005060000 the change of state being from liquid to solid or ; vice-versa C09K0007000000 Well-drilling compositions C09K0007020000 Aqueous fluids containing organic or inorganic compounds C09K0007040000 containing inorganic compounds only C09K0007060000 Non-aqueous liquids, e.g. oil-based C09K0007080000 Gaseous fluids C09K0009000000 Tenebrescent compositions, i.e. compositions absorbing radiation in a different wavelength range than before as result of an excitation by some form of energy (photographic compositions G03C0001000000);;Use of tenebrescent materials C09K0009020000 Organic tenebrescent materials C09K0011000000 Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, compositions; Use of luminescent materials C09K0011010000 Recovery of luminescent materials C09K0011020000 Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor C09K0011040000 containing natural or artificial radioactive elements or unspecified radioactive elements C09K0011060000 containing organic luminescent materials C09K0011070000 having chemically-interreactive components, e.g. reactive chemiluminescent compositions C09K0011080000 containing inorganic luminescent materials C09K0011100000 containing zinc or cadmium C09K0011120000 containing beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals or alkaline earth metals C09K0011140000 containing sulphur C09K0011160000 containing manganese or rhenium C09K0011180000 containing copper, silver or gold C09K0011200000 containing silicon C09K0011220000 containing iron, cobalt or nickel C09K0011240000 containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or unspecified halogen elements C09K0011260000 containing gallium, indium or thallium C09K0011280000 containing boron C09K0011300000 containing aluminium C09K0011320000 containing carbon (in organic compounds C09K0011060000);; C09K0011340000 containing germanium, tin or lead C09K0011360000 containing refractory metals C09K0011380000 containing chromium, molybdenum or tungsten C09K0011400000 containing vanadium C09K0011420000 containing phosphorus C09K0011425000 also containing alkaline earth metals C09K0011430000 also containing halogen, e.g. halophosphates C09K0011435000 also containing alkaline earth metals C09K0011440000 containing arsenic, antimony or bismuth C09K0011447000 containing antimony C09K0011453000 also containing phosphorus and halogen, e.g. halophosphates C09K0011460000 containing rare earth metals C09K0011463000 containing cerium C09K0011465000 containing europium C09K0011467000 containing terbium C09K0011470000 containing neodymium C09K0011473000 containing samarium C09K0011475000 containing two or more rare earth metals C09K0011477000 containing europium C09K0011480000 containing platinum group metals C09K0011500000 containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements C09K0011520000 containing mercury C09K0013000000 Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions (etching or brightening of glass C03C0015000000;chemical surface treatment of metals C23F; cleaning or pickling of metals C23G0001000000, C25F0001000000) C09K0013020000 containing an alkali metal hydroxide C09K0013040000 containing an inorganic acid C09K0013060000 with organic material C09K0013080000 containing a fluorine compound C09K0013100000 containing a boron compound C09K0013120000 containing heavy metal salts in an amount of at least 50% of the non-solvent components C09K0015000000 Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change (incorporated in pickling or metal surface treating compositions C09K0013000000;incorporated in foodstuffs A21D, A23; incorporated in macromolecular compositions C08; incorporated in liquid fuels or lubricants C10; incorporated in detergents C11D) C09K0015020000 containing inorganic compounds C09K0015040000 containing organic compounds C09K0015060000 containing oxygen C09K0015080000 containing a phenol or quinone moiety C09K0015100000 containing sulphur C09K0015120000 containing sulphur and oxygen C09K0015140000 containing a phenol or quinone moiety C09K0015160000 containing nitrogen C09K0015180000 containing an amine or imine moiety C09K0015200000 containing nitrogen and oxygen C09K0015220000 containing an amide or imide moiety C09K0015240000 containing a phenol or quinone moiety C09K0015260000 containing nitrogen and sulphur C09K0015280000 containing nitrogen, oxygen and sulphur C09K0015300000 containing heterocyclic ring with at least one nitrogen atom as ring member C09K0015320000 containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal C09K0015340000 containing plant or animal materials of unknown composition C09K0017000000 Soil-conditioning compositions or soil-stabilising compositions, e.g. mulches; Use of materials as soil conditioners or soil stabilisers (fertilisers C05;consolidating by placing solidifying or pore filling substances in the soil E02D0003120000) C10 PETROLEUM, GAS AND COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT C10B DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, AND SIMILAR MATERIALS (cracking oils C10G);; C10B0001000000 Retorts C10B0001020000 Stationary retorts C10B0001040000 Vertical retorts C10B0001060000 Horizontal retorts C10B0001080000 Inclined retorts C10B0001100000 Rotary retorts C10B0003000000 Coke ovens with vertical chambers C10B0003020000 with heat-exchange devices C10B0005000000 Coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0005020000 with vertical heating flues C10B0005040000 with cross-over inter-connections C10B0005060000 with horizontal heating flues C10B0005080000 with horizontal and vertical heating flues C10B0005100000 with heat-exchange devices C10B0005120000 with regenerators C10B0005140000 situated in the longitudinal direction of the chambers C10B0005160000 with separated flues C10B0005180000 situated in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery C10B0005200000 with recuperators C10B0007000000 Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven C10B0007020000 with rotary scraping devices C10B0007040000 with shaking or vibrating devices C10B0007060000 with endless conveying devices C10B0007080000 in vertical direction C10B0007100000 with conveyer-screws C10B0007120000 with tilting or rocking means C10B0007140000 with trucks, containers, or trays C10B0009000000 Beehive ovens C10B0011000000 Coke ovens with inclined chambers C10B0013000000 Coke ovens with means for bringing and keeping the charge under mechanical pressure C10B0015000000 Other coke ovens C10B0015020000 with floor heating C10B0017000000 Preheating of coke ovens C10B0019000000 Heating of coke ovens by electrical means C10B0021000000 Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases C10B0021020000 with lean gas C10B0021040000 with rich gas C10B0021060000 in coke ovens suitable for the use of lean gas or rich gas C10B0021080000 by applying special heating gases C10B0021100000 Regulating and controlling the combustion C10B0021120000 Burners C10B0021140000 Devices for reversing the draught C10B0021160000 by controlling or varying the openings between the heating flues and the regenerator flues C10B0021180000 Recirculating the flue gases C10B0021200000 Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type C10B0021220000 by introducing the heating gas and air at various levels C10B0021240000 at the top and the bottom of the vertical heating flues C10B0021260000 by introducing the heating gas and air at the top of the vertical flues only C10B0023000000 Other methods of heating coke ovens C10B0025000000 Doors and closures for coke ovens C10B0025020000 Doors; Door frames C10B0025040000 for ovens with vertical chambers C10B0025060000 for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0025080000 Closing and opening the doors C10B0025100000 for ovens with vertical chambers C10B0025120000 for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0025140000 Devices for lifting doors C10B0025160000 Sealing; Means for sealing C10B0025180000 Cooling C10B0025200000 Lids and closures for charging holes C10B0025220000 for ovens with vertical chambers C10B0025240000 for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0027000000 Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases C10B0027020000 with outlets arranged at different levels in the chamber C10B0027040000 during the charging operation of the oven C10B0027060000 Conduit details, e.g. valves C10B0029000000 Other details of coke ovens C10B0029020000 Brickwork, e.g. casings, linings, walls C10B0029040000 Controlling and preventing expansion and contraction C10B0029060000 Preventing and repairing leakages of the brickwork C10B0029080000 Bracing and foundation of the ovens C10B0031000000 Charging devices C10B0031020000 for charging vertically C10B0031040000 coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0031060000 for charging horizontally C10B0031080000 coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0031100000 with one compact charge C10B0031120000 for liquid materials C10B0033000000 Discharging devices; Coke guides C10B0033020000 Extracting coke with built-in devices, e.g. gears, screws C10B0033040000 Pulling-out devices C10B0033060000 for horizontal chambers C10B0033080000 Pushers, e.g. rams C10B0033100000 for horizontal chambers C10B0033120000 Discharge valves C10B0033140000 Coke guides C10B0035000000 Combined charging and discharging devices C10B0037000000 Mechanical treatments of coal charges in the oven C10B0037020000 Levelling charges, e.g. with bars C10B0037040000 Compressing charges (during coking C10B0047120000);; C10B0037060000 Forming holes in charges C10B0039000000 Cooling or quenching coke C10B0039020000 Dry cooling outside the oven C10B0039040000 Wet quenching C10B0039060000 in the oven C10B0039080000 Coke-quenching towers C10B0039100000 combined with agitating means, e.g. rotating tables or drums C10B0039120000 combined with conveying means C10B0039140000 Cars C10B0039160000 combined with sorting C10B0039180000 Coke ramps C10B0041000000 Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke C10B0041020000 for discharging coke C10B0041040000 by electrical means C10B0041060000 by pneumatic or hydraulic means C10B0041080000 for the withdrawal of the distillation gases C10B0043000000 Preventing or removing incrustations C10B0043020000 Removing incrustations C10B0043040000 by mechanical means C10B0043060000 from conduits, valves, or the like C10B0043080000 with liquids C10B0043100000 by burning out C10B0043120000 Burners C10B0043140000 Preventing incrustations C10B0045000000 Other details C10B0045020000 Devices for producing compact unified coal charges outside the oven (briquetting presses B30B);; C10B0047000000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion C10B0047020000 with stationary charge C10B0047040000 in shaft furnaces C10B0047060000 in retorts C10B0047080000 in beehive ovens C10B0047100000 in coke ovens of the chamber type C10B0047120000 in which the charge is subjected to mechanical pressure during coking C10B0047140000 with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts C10B0047160000 with indirect heating means both inside and outside the retorts C10B0047180000 with moving charge C10B0047200000 according to the moving bed type (C10B0047260000 takes precedence);; C10B0047220000 in dispersed form (C10B0047260000 takes precedence);; C10B0047240000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0047260000 with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts C10B0047280000 Other processes C10B0047300000 in rotary ovens or retorts C10B0047320000 in ovens with mechanical conveying means C10B0047340000 with rotary scraping devices C10B0047360000 in multi-stage ovens C10B0047380000 with shaking or vibrating devices C10B0047400000 with endless conveying devices C10B0047420000 in vertical direction C10B0047440000 with conveyer-screws C10B0047460000 with trucks, containers, or trays C10B0047480000 with tilting or rocking means C10B0049000000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated C10B0049020000 with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge C10B0049040000 while moving the solid material to be treated C10B0049060000 according to the moving bed type C10B0049080000 in dispersed form C10B0049100000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0049120000 by mixing tangentially, e.g. in vortex chambers C10B0049140000 with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals C10B0049160000 with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form C10B0049180000 according to the "moving-bed" type C10B0049200000 in dispersed form C10B0049220000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0051000000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating C10B0053000000 Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form (wet carbonising of peat C10F);; C10B0053020000 of cellulose-containing material (production of pyroligneous acid C10C0005000000);; C10B0053040000 of powdered coal C10B0053060000 of oil shale or bituminous rocks C10B0053080000 in the form of briquettes, lumps, or the like C10B0055000000 Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, or the like, or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous materials (cracking oils C10G);; C10B0055020000 with solid materials C10B0055040000 with moving solid materials C10B0055060000 according to the "moving bed" type C10B0055080000 in dispersed form C10B0055100000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0057000000 Other processes not covered above; Features of destructive distillation processes in general C10B0057020000 Multi-step carbonising or coking processes C10B0057040000 Using charges of special composition C10B0057060000 containing additives C10B0057080000 Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge (C10L0009000000 takes precedence);; C10B0057100000 Drying C10B0057120000 Applying additives during coking C10B0057140000 Features of low-temperature carbonising processes C10B0057160000 Features of high-temperature carbonising processes C10B0057180000 Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven (outside the oven C10K);; C10B0057200000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous material underground C10C WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID C10C0001000000 Working-up tar (coumarone resins C08F0244000000);; C10C0001020000 Removal of water (by distillation C10C0001060000);; C10C0001040000 by distillation C10C0001060000 Removal of water C10C0001080000 Winning of aromatic fractions C10C0001100000 benzene fraction C10C0001120000 naphthalene fraction C10C0001140000 Winning of tar oils from tar C10C0001160000 Winning of pitch C10C0001180000 by extraction with selective solvents (preparation of hydrocarbon oils from tar oils C10G0021000000);; C10C0001200000 Refining by chemical means (obtaining hydrocarbon oils C10G);; C10C0003000000 Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen C10C0003020000 by chemical means C10C0003040000 by blowing or oxidising C10C0003060000 by distillation C10C0003080000 by selective extraction C10C0003100000 Melting C10C0003120000 Devices therefor C10C0003140000 Solidifying; Disintegrating, e.g. granulating C10C0003160000 by direct contact with liquids C10C0003180000 Removing in solid form from reaction vessels, containers and the like, e.g. by cutting out, by pressing C10C0005000000 Production of pyroligneous acid (carbonisation of wood C10B);; C10F CUTTING, DRYING, AND WORKING-UP OF PEAT C10F0003000000 Cutting peat C10F0005000000 Drying or de-watering peat (drying in general F26B);; C10F0005020000 in the field; Auxiliary means therefor C10F0005040000 by using presses, bandpresses, rolls, or centrifuges (moulding C10F0007040000);; C10F0005060000 combined with a carbonisation step for producing turfcoal C10F0007000000 Working-up peat (extracting wax from peat C10G);; C10F0007020000 Disintegrating peat (obtaining fibres from peat D01B0001500000);; C10F0007040000 by moulding C10F0007060000 briquetting C10F0007080000 by extrusion combined with cutting C10F0009000000 Other details C10G CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES FROM MATERIALS OTHER THAN HYDROCARBONS, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas ; C01B; cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to well-defined hydrocarbons ; C07C; cracking to cokes ; C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASESREFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES (inhibiting corrosion or incrustation in general C23F);; C10G0001000000 Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal (mechanical winning of oil from oil-shales, oil-sand, and the like B03B);; C10G0001020000 by distillation (destructive distillation of oil-shale C10B0053060000);; C10G0001040000 by extraction C10G0001060000 by destructive hydrogenation C10G0001080000 with moving catalysts C10G0001100000 from rubber or rubber waste C10G0003000000 Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids (production from non-melting solid oxygen-containing carbonaceous materials C10G0001000000;preparation of well-defined hydrocarbons C07C) C10G0005000000 Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas C10G0005020000 with solid adsorbents C10G0005040000 with liquid absorbents C10G0005060000 by cooling or compressing C10G0007000000 Distillation of hydrocarbon oils (distillation in general B01D);; C10G0007020000 Stabilising gasoline by removing gases by fractioning C10G0007040000 De-watering C10G0007060000 Vacuum distillation C10G0007080000 Azeotropic or extractive distillation (refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents C10G0021000000);; C10G0007100000 Inhibiting corrosion during distillation (in general C23F);; C10G0007120000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0009000000 Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils C10G0009020000 in retorts C10G0009040000 Retorts C10G0009060000 by pressure distillation C10G0009080000 Apparatus therefor C10G0009120000 Removing incrustations C10G0009140000 in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means C10G0009160000 Preventing or removing incrustations C10G0009180000 Apparatus C10G0009200000 Tube furnaces C10G0009240000 by heating with electrical means C10G0009260000 with discontinuously preheated non-moving solid material, e.g. blast and run C10G0009280000 with preheated moving solid material C10G0009300000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0009320000 according to the "fluidised-bed" technique C10G0009340000 by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts C10G0009360000 with heated gases or vapours C10G0009380000 produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked or by combustion of another hydrocarbon C10G0009400000 by indirect contact with preheated fluid other than hot combustion gases C10G0009420000 by passing the material to be cracked in thin streams or as spray on or near continuously heated surfaces C10G0011000000 Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils (cracking in direct contact with molten metals or salts C10G0009340000);; C10G0011020000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0011040000 Oxides C10G0011050000 Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0011060000 Sulphides C10G0011080000 Halides C10G0011100000 with stationary catalyst bed C10G0011120000 with discontinuously preheated non-moving solid catalysts, e.g. blast and run C10G0011140000 with preheated moving solid catalysts C10G0011160000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0011180000 according to the "fluidised-bed" technique C10G0011200000 by direct contact with inert heated gases or vapours C10G0011220000 produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked C10G0015000000 Cracking of hydrocarbon oils by electric means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, by particle radiation or with gases superheated in electric arcs C10G0015080000 by electric means or by electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations C10G0015100000 by particle radiation C10G0015120000 with gases superheated in an electric arc, e.g. plasma C10G0017000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with acids, acid-forming compounds, or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge C10G0017020000 with acids or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid sludge C10G0017040000 liquid-liquid treatment forming two immiscible phases C10G0017060000 using acids derived from sulphur or acid sludge thereof C10G0017070000 using halogen acids or oxyacids of halogen (acids generating halogen C10G0027020000);; C10G0017080000 with acid-forming oxides (refining with CO2 or SO;2 as a selective solvent C10G0021060000);; C10G0017085000 with oleum C10G0017090000 with acid salts C10G0017095000 with "solid acids", e.g. phosphoric acid deposited on a carrier C10G0017100000 Recovery of used refining agent C10G0019000000 Refining hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by alkaline treatment C10G0019020000 with aqueous alkaline solutions C10G0019040000 containing solubilisers, e.g. solutisers C10G0019060000 with plumbites or plumbates C10G0019067000 with molten alkaline material C10G0019073000 with solid alkaline material C10G0019080000 Recovery of used refining agent C10G0021000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by extraction with selective solvents (C10G0017000000, C10G0019000000 take precedence;de-waxing oils C10G0073020000) C10G0021020000 with two or more solvents, which are introduced or withdrawn separately C10G0021040000 by introducing simultaneously at least two immiscible solvents counter-current to each other C10G0021060000 characterised by the solvent used C10G0021080000 Inorganic compounds only C10G0021100000 Sulphur dioxide C10G0021120000 Organic compounds only C10G0021140000 Hydrocarbons C10G0021160000 Oxygen-containing compounds C10G0021180000 Halogen-containing compounds C10G0021200000 Nitrogen-containing compounds C10G0021220000 Compounds containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10G0021240000 Phosphorus-containing compounds C10G0021260000 Silicon-containing compounds C10G0021270000 Organic compounds not provided for in a single one of groups ; C10G0021140000-C10G0021260000 C10G0021280000 Recovery of used solvent C10G0021300000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0025000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with solid sorbents C10G0025020000 with ion-exchange material C10G0025030000 with crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0025050000 Removal of non-hydrocarbon compounds, e.g. sulphur compounds C10G0025060000 with moving sorbents or sorbents dispersed in the oil C10G0025080000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0025090000 according to the "fluidised-bed" technique C10G0025110000 Distillation in the presence of moving sorbents C10G0025120000 Recovery of used adsorbent C10G0027000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by oxidation C10G0027020000 with halogen or compounds generating halogen; hypochlorous acid or salts thereof C10G0027040000 with oxygen or compounds generating oxygen C10G0027060000 in the presence of alkaline solutions C10G0027080000 in the presence of copper chloride C10G0027100000 in the presence of metal-containing organic complexes, e.g. chelates, or cationic ion-exchange resins C10G0027120000 with oxygen-generating compounds, e.g. per-compounds, chromic acid, chromates (plumbites or plumbates C10G0019060000);; C10G0027140000 with ozone-containing gases C10G0029000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, with other chemicals C10G0029020000 Non-metals C10G0029040000 Metals, or metals deposited on a carrier C10G0029060000 Metal salts, or metal salts deposited on a carrier C10G0029080000 containing the metal in the lower valency C10G0029100000 Sulphides C10G0029120000 Halides C10G0029160000 Metal oxides C10G0029200000 Organic compounds not containing metal atoms C10G0029220000 containing oxygen as the only hetero atom C10G0029240000 aldehydes or ketones C10G0029260000 halogenated hydrocarbons C10G0029280000 containing sulphur as the only hetero atom, e.g. mercaptans, or sulphur and oxygen as the only hetero atoms C10G0031000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for (by distillation C10G0007000000);; C10G0031060000 by heating, cooling, or pressure treatment C10G0031080000 by treating with water C10G0031090000 by filtration C10G0031100000 with the aid of centrifugal force C10G0031110000 by dialysis C10G0032000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils by electric or magnetic means, by irradiation, or by using micro-organisms C10G0032020000 by electric or magnetic means C10G0032040000 by particle radiation C10G0033000000 De-watering or demulsification of hydrocarbon oils (by distillation C10G0007040000);; C10G0033020000 with electrical or magnetic means C10G0033040000 with chemical means C10G0033060000 with mechanical means, e.g. by filtration C10G0033080000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0035000000 Reforming naphtha C10G0035020000 Thermal reforming C10G0035040000 Catalytic reforming C10G0035060000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0035085000 containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0035090000 Bimetallic catalysts in which at least one of the metals is a platinum-group metal C10G0035095000 containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0035100000 with moving catalysts C10G0035120000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0035140000 according to the "fluidised-bed" technique C10G0035160000 with electric, electromagnetic, or mechanical vibrations; by particle radiation C10G0035220000 Starting-up reforming operations C10G0035240000 Controlling or regulating of reforming operations (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0045000000 Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds C10G0045020000 to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing C10G0045040000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0045060000 containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof C10G0045080000 in combination with chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof C10G0045100000 containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0045120000 containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0045140000 with moving solid particles C10G0045160000 suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries C10G0045180000 according to the "moving-bed" technique C10G0045200000 according to the "fluidised-bed" technique C10G0045220000 with hydrogen dissolved or suspended in the oil C10G0045240000 with hydrogen-generating compounds C10G0045260000 Steam or water C10G0045280000 Organic compounds; Autofining C10G0045300000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0045320000 Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds C10G0045340000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0045360000 containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof C10G0045380000 in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof C10G0045400000 containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0045420000 with moving solid particles C10G0045440000 Hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons C10G0045460000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0045480000 containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof C10G0045500000 in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metal, or compounds thereof C10G0045520000 containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0045540000 containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0045560000 with moving solid particles C10G0045580000 to change the structural skeleton of some of the hydrocarbon content without cracking the other hydrocarbons present, e.g. lowering pour point; Selective hydrocracking of normal paraffins (C10G0032000000 takes precedence;improving or increasing the octane number or aromatic content of naphtha C10G0035000000) C10G0045600000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0045620000 containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0045640000 containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0045660000 with moving solid particles C10G0045680000 Aromatisation of hydrocarbon oil fractions (of naphtha per se C10G0035000000);; C10G0045700000 with catalysts containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0045720000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0047000000 Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions (C10G0015000000 takes precedence;destructive hydrogenation of non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials C10G0001060000) C10G0047020000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0047040000 Oxides C10G0047060000 Sulphides C10G0047080000 Halides C10G0047100000 with catalysts deposited on a carrier C10G0047120000 Inorganic carriers C10G0047140000 the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0047160000 Crystalline alumino-silicate carriers C10G0047180000 the catalyst containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0047200000 the catalyst containing other metals or compounds thereof C10G0047220000 Non-catalytic cracking in the presence of hydrogen C10G0047240000 with moving solid particles C10G0047260000 suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries C10G0047280000 according to the "moving-bed" technique C10G0047300000 according to the "fluidised-bed" technique C10G0047320000 in the presence of hydrogen-generating compounds C10G0047340000 Organic compounds, e.g. hydrogenated hydrocarbons C10G0047360000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0049000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds, not provided for in a single one of groups ; C10G0045020000, C10G0045320000, C10G0045440000, C10G0045580000, or C10G0047000000 C10G0049020000 characterised by the catalyst used C10G0049040000 containing nickel, cobalt, chromium, molybdenum, or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof C10G0049060000 containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof C10G0049080000 containing crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0049100000 with moving solid particles C10G0049120000 suspended in the oil, e.g. slurries C10G0049140000 according to the "moving-bed" technique C10G0049160000 according to the "fluidised-bed" technique C10G0049180000 in the presence of hydrogen-generating compounds, e.g. ammonia, water, hydrogen sulphide C10G0049200000 Organic compounds C10G0049220000 Separation of effluents C10G0049240000 Starting-up hydrotreatment operations C10G0049260000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0051000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more cracking processes only C10G0051020000 plural serial stages only C10G0051040000 including only thermal and catalytic cracking steps C10G0051060000 plural parallel stages only C10G0053000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by two or more refining processes C10G0053020000 plural serial stages only C10G0053040000 including at least one extraction step C10G0053060000 including only extraction steps, e.g. deasphalting by solvent treatment followed by extraction of aromatics (refining in one step with two or more solvents which are introduced or withdrawn separately C10G0021020000);; C10G0053080000 including at least one sorption step C10G0053100000 including at least one acid-treatment step C10G0053120000 including at least one alkaline-treatment step C10G0053140000 including at least one oxidation step C10G0053160000 plural parallel stages only C10G0055000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one refining process and at least one cracking process C10G0055020000 plural serial stages only C10G0055040000 including at least one thermal cracking step C10G0055060000 including at least one catalytic cracking step C10G0055080000 plural parallel stages only C10G0057000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by at least one cracking process or refining process and at least one other conversion process C10G0057020000 with polymerisation C10G0059000000 Treatment of naphtha by two or more reforming processes only or by at least one reforming process and at least one process which does not substantially change the boiling range of the naphtha C10G0059020000 plural serial stages only C10G0059040000 including at least one catalytic and at least one non-catalytic reforming step C10G0059060000 plural parallel stages only C10G0061000000 Treatment of naphtha by at least one reforming process and at least one process of refining in the absence of hydrogen C10G0061020000 plural serial stages only C10G0061040000 the refining step being an extraction C10G0061060000 the refining step being a sorption process C10G0061080000 plural parallel stages only C10G0061100000 processes also including other conversion steps C10G0063000000 Treatment of naphtha by at least one reforming process and at least one other conversion process (C10G0059000000, C10G0061000000 take precedence);; C10G0063020000 plural serial stages only C10G0063040000 including at least one cracking step C10G0063060000 plural parallel stages only C10G0063080000 including at least one cracking step C10G0065000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by two or more hydrotreatment processes only C10G0065020000 plural serial stages only C10G0065040000 including only refining steps C10G0065060000 at least one step being a selective hydrogenation of the diolefins C10G0065080000 at least one step being a hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbons C10G0065100000 including only cracking steps C10G0065120000 including cracking steps and other hydrotreatment steps C10G0065140000 plural parallel stages only C10G0065160000 including only refining steps C10G0065180000 including only cracking steps C10G0067000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only C10G0067020000 plural serial stages only C10G0067040000 including solvent extraction as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen C10G0067060000 including a sorption process as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen C10G0067080000 including acid treatment as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen C10G0067100000 including alkaline treatment as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen C10G0067120000 including oxidation as the refining step in the absence of hydrogen C10G0067140000 including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen C10G0067160000 plural parallel stages only C10G0069000000 Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one other conversion process (C10G0067000000 takes precedence);; C10G0069020000 plural serial stages only C10G0069040000 including at least one step of catalytic cracking in the absence of hydrogen C10G0069060000 including at least one step of thermal cracking in the absence of hydrogen C10G0069080000 including at least one step of reforming naphtha C10G0069100000 hydrocracking of higher boiling fractions into naphtha and reforming the naphtha obtained C10G0069120000 including at least one polymerisation or alkylation step C10G0069140000 plural parallel stages only C10G0071000000 Treatment by methods not otherwise provided for of hydrocarbon oils or fatty oils for lubricating purposes (by Fischer-Tropsch C07C0001000000;lubricating compositions C10M) C10G0071020000 Thickening by voltolising (chemical modification of drying-oils by voltolising C09F0007040000);; C10G0071040000 from lower boiling fractions (polymerisation per se C08F;polycondensation per se C08G) C10G0073000000 Recovery or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax (compositions essentially based on waxes C08L0091000000);; C10G0073020000 Recovery of petroleum waxes from hydrocarbon oils; De-waxing of hydrocarbon oils C10G0073040000 with the use of filter aids C10G0073060000 with the use of solvents C10G0073080000 Organic compounds C10G0073100000 Hydrocarbons C10G0073120000 Oxygen-containing compounds C10G0073140000 Halogen-containing compounds C10G0073160000 Nitrogen-containing compounds C10G0073180000 containing sulphur, selenium or tellurium C10G0073200000 containing phosphorus C10G0073220000 Mixtures of organic compounds C10G0073240000 by formation of adducts C10G0073260000 by flotation C10G0073280000 by centrifugal force C10G0073300000 with electric means C10G0073320000 Methods of cooling during de-waxing C10G0073340000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C10G0073360000 Recovery of petroleum waxes from other compositions containing oil in minor proportions, from concentrates or from residues; De-oiling, sweating C10G0073380000 Chemical modification of petroleum waxes C10G0073400000 Physical treatment of waxes or modified waxes, e.g. granulation, dispersion, emulsion, irradiation C10G0073420000 Refining of petroleum waxes C10G0073440000 in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds C10H PRODUCTION OF ACETYLENE BY WET METHODS; ITS PURIFICATION C10H0001000000 Acetylene gas generators with dropwise, gravity, non-automatic water feed (valves, cocks, per se, F16K);; C10H0001020000 Valves C10H0001040000 Screw valves C10H0001060000 Cocks C10H0001080000 Other means for controlling the water feed C10H0001100000 Water feed from above through a central or lateral pipe C10H0001120000 Water feed from above through porous materials C10H0003000000 Acetylene gas generators with automatic water feed regulation by means independent of the gas-holder C10H0003020000 with membranes C10H0003040000 with floats C10H0003060000 with pistons C10H0005000000 Acetylene gas generators with automatic water feed regulation by the gas-holder C10H0005020000 with overflow for the water C10H0005040000 by drop-by-drop water valves connected with the gas-holder C10H0005060000 by drop-by-drop water cocks connected with the gas-holder C10H0005080000 with gas-holder-connected water valves or cocks according to the submersion system C10H0007000000 Acetylene gas generators with water feed by Kipp's principle C10H0007020000 with water feed from below C10H0007040000 with water feed from above C10H0009000000 Acetylene gas generators according to Dobereiner's principle with fixed carbide bell C10H0009020000 with water feed from below through porous materials (by capillary feed); C10H0009040000 with gas cock actuated by the gas-holder C10H0009060000 with the depth of the gas outlet pipe regulated by the gas-holder C10H0009080000 with movable gas-holder C10H0009100000 by wetting the carbide only at the bottom C10H0011000000 Acetylene gas generators with submersion of the carbide in water C10H0011020000 inside the gas-holder C10H0011040000 with sealing and reaction water separated from each other C10H0013000000 Acetylene gas generators with combined dipping and drop-by-drop system C10H0015000000 Acetylene gas generators with carbide feed, with or without regulation by the gas pressure C10H0015020000 with non-automatic carbide feed C10H0015040000 Closure means at the filling-hopper C10H0015060000 with automatic carbide feed by valves C10H0015080000 by flap or slide valves C10H0015100000 by float valves C10H0015120000 by measuring valves, including pocket-wheels C10H0015140000 with feed worm or feed conveyers C10H0015160000 with feed drums C10H0015180000 with movable feed disc and fixed carbide-receptacle C10H0015200000 with carbide feed by cartridges or other packets C10H0015220000 with carbide feed of pulverous carbide from receptacles or through the gas-holder C10H0015240000 with carbide feed by pistons C10H0017000000 High-pressure acetylene gas generators C10H0019000000 Other acetylene gas generators C10H0019020000 Rotary carbide receptacles C10H0021000000 Details of acetylene generators; Accessory equipment for, or features of, the wet production of acetylene C10H0021020000 Packages of carbide for use in generators, e.g. cartridges C10H0021040000 Placing packages in the generator C10H0021060000 Opening devices for packages in the generator C10H0021080000 Safety devices for acetylene generators C10H0021100000 Carbide compositions C10H0021120000 Gas-tight sealing means, e.g. liquid seals in generators C10H0021140000 Ventilation means; Cooling devices C10H0021160000 Removing sludge from generators C10H0023000000 Purification of acetylene gas C10J PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES (synthesis gas from liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons C01B);;CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES C10J0001000000 Production of fuel gases by carburetting air or other gases without pyrolysis (for internal-combustion engines F02);; C10J0001020000 Carburetting air C10J0001040000 Controlling supply of air C10J0001060000 with materials which are liquid at ordinary temperatures C10J0001080000 by passage of air through or over the surface of the liquid C10J0001100000 with the liquid absorbed on carriers C10J0001120000 by atomisation of the liquid C10J0001140000 Controlling the supply of liquid in accordance with the air supply C10J0001160000 with solid hydrocarbons C10J0001180000 in rotary carburettors C10J0001200000 Carburetting gases other than air C10J0001220000 Adding materials to prevent vapour deposition C10J0001240000 Controlling humidity of the air or gas to be carburetted C10J0001260000 using raised temperatures or pressures C10J0001280000 Odorising air gas C10J0003000000 Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels (destructive distillation processes C10B);; C10J0003020000 Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel C10J0003040000 Cyclic processes, e.g. alternate blast and run C10J0003060000 Continuous processes C10J0003080000 with ash-removal in liquid state C10J0003100000 using external heating C10J0003120000 using solid heat-carriers C10J0003140000 using gaseous heat-carriers C10J0003160000 simultaneously reacting oxygen and water with the carbonaceous material C10J0003180000 using electricity C10J0003200000 Apparatus; Plant C10J0003220000 Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues C10J0003240000 to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed C10J0003260000 downwardly C10J0003280000 fully automatic C10J0003300000 Fuel charging devices C10J0003320000 Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed for stirring-up the fuel bed C10J0003340000 Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices C10J0003360000 Fixed grates C10J0003380000 with stirring beams C10J0003400000 Movable grates C10J0003420000 Rotary grates C10J0003440000 adapted for use on vehicles C10J0003460000 Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension C10J0003480000 Apparatus; Plant C10J0003500000 Fuel charging devices C10J0003520000 Ash-removing devices C10J0003540000 Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation C10J0003560000 Apparatus; Plant C10J0003580000 combined with pre-distillation of the fuel C10J0003600000 Processes C10J0003620000 with separate withdrawal of the distillation products C10J0003640000 with decomposition of the distillation products C10J0003660000 by introducing them into the gasification zone C10J0003680000 Carburetting by pyrolysis of carbonaceous material in the fuel bed (C10J0003660000 takes precedence);; C10J0003700000 Carburetting by pyrolysis of carbonaceous material in a carburettor C10J0003720000 Other features C10J0003740000 Construction of shells or jackets C10J0003760000 Water jackets; Steam boiler jackets C10J0003780000 High-pressure apparatus C10J0003800000 with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour C10J0003820000 Gas withdrawal means C10J0003840000 with means for removing dust or tar from the gas C10J0003860000 combined with waste-heat boilers C10J0005000000 Underground gasification (destructive distillation underground C10B0057200000);; C10K PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF COMBUSTIBLE TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE C10K0001000000 Purifying combustible technical gases containing carbon monoxide (isolation of hydrogen from mixtures containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide C01B0003500000);; C10K0001020000 Dust removal C10K0001040000 by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials C10K0001060000 combined with spraying with water C10K0001080000 by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liqours (gas washers B01D);; C10K0001100000 with aqueous liquids C10K0001120000 alkaline-reacting C10K0001140000 organic C10K0001160000 with non-aqueous liquids C10K0001180000 hydrocarbon oils C10K0001200000 by treating with solids; Regenerating spent purifying masses C10K0001220000 Apparatus, e.g. dry box purifiers C10K0001240000 Supporting means for the purifying material C10K0001260000 Regeneration of the purifying material C10K0001280000 Controlling the gas flow through the purifiers C10K0001300000 with moving purifying masses C10K0001320000 with selectively absorptive solids, e.g. active carbon C10K0001340000 by catalytic conversion of impurities to more readily removable materials C10K0003000000 Modifying the chemical composition of combustible technical gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide C10K0003020000 by catalytic treatment C10K0003040000 reducing the carbon monoxide content C10K0003060000 by mixing with gases C10L FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (fuels for generating pressure gas, e.g. for rockets, C06D0005000000;candles C11C; nuclear fuel G21C0003000000); ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS C10L0001000000 Liquid carbonaceous fuels C10L0001020000 essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only C10L0001040000 essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons C10L0001060000 for spark ignition C10L0001080000 for compression ignition C10L0001100000 containing additives C10L0001120000 inorganic compounds C10L0001140000 organic compounds C10L0001160000 hydrocarbons C10L0001180000 containing oxygen C10L0001200000 containing halogen C10L0001220000 containing nitrogen C10L0001240000 containing sulphur, selenium or tellurium C10L0001260000 containing phosphorus C10L0001280000 containing silicon C10L0001300000 containing elements not mentioned before C10L0001320000 consisting of coal-oil suspensions or aqueous emulsions C10L0003000000 Gaseous fuels C10L0003020000 Compositions containing acetylene C10L0003040000 Absorbing compositions, e.g. solvents C10L0005000000 Solid fuels (produced by solidifying fluid fuels C10L0007000000);; C10L0005020000 Briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral origin (peat briquettes C10F);; C10L0005040000 Raw material to be used; Pretreatment thereof C10L0005060000 Briquetting processes (briquetting presses B30B0011000000);; C10L0005080000 without the aid of extraneous binders (briquetting peat C10F);; C10L0005100000 with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders C10L0005120000 with inorganic binders C10L0005140000 with organic binders C10L0005160000 with bituminous binders, e.g. tar, pitch C10L0005180000 with naphthalene C10L0005200000 with sulphite lye C10L0005220000 Methods of applying the binder to the other compounding ingredients; Apparatus therefor C10L0005240000 Combating dust during briquetting; Safety devices against explosion C10L0005260000 After-treatment of the briquettes C10L0005280000 Heating the briquettes; Coking the binders C10L0005300000 Cooling the briquettes C10L0005320000 Coating C10L0005340000 Other details of the briquettes C10L0005360000 Shape C10L0005380000 Briquettes consisting of different layers C10L0005400000 essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin C10L0005420000 on animal substances or products obtained therefrom C10L0005440000 on vegetable substances C10L0005460000 on sewage, house, or town refuse C10L0005480000 on industrial residues and waste materials C10L0007000000 Fuels produced by solidifying fluid fuels C10L0007020000 liquid fuels (greases C10M);; C10L0007040000 alcohol C10L0009000000 Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion C10L0009020000 by chemical means C10L0009040000 by hydrogenating C10L0009060000 by oxidation C10L0009080000 by heat treatments, e.g. calcining C10L0009100000 by using additives C10L0009120000 oxidation means, e.g. oxygen-generating compounds C10L0010000000 Adding materials to fuels or fires to reduce smoke or undesirable deposits or to facilitate soot removal C10L0010020000 to reduce smoke development C10L0010040000 to minimise corrosion or incrustation C10L0010060000 to facilitate soot removal C10L0011000000 Firelighters C10L0011020000 based on refractory porous bodies C10L0011040000 consisting of combustible material (matches C06F);; C10L0011060000 of a special shape C10L0011080000 Apparatus for the manufacture thereof C10M LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS (well drilling compositions C09K0007000000);;THE USE AS LUBRICANTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A COMPOSITION (use of particular substances in particular apparatus or conditions, see F16N or the relevant class for the application, e.g. A21D0008080000, B21C0009000000, B29C0001040000, C03B0040000000);; C10M0001000000 Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants C10M0001020000 consisting only of mixed oils C10M0001040000 consisting only of mixed mineral oils C10M0001060000 Aqueous emulsions C10M0001080000 with additives C10M0001100000 Inorganic compounds C10M0001120000 Sulphur; Sulphides C10M0001140000 Organic compounds C10M0001160000 Hydrocarbons C10M0001180000 Polymers or copolymers C10M0001200000 containing oxygen C10M0001220000 Aliphatic alcohols C10M0001240000 Aliphatic, e.g. cycloaliphatic, carboxylic acids C10M0001260000 Esters C10M0001280000 Polymers or copolymers C10M0001300000 containing halogen C10M0001320000 containing nitrogen C10M0001340000 Arylamines C10M0001360000 Amides C10M0001380000 containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10M0001400000 Sulphonic acids C10M0001420000 Aromatic sulphides C10M0001440000 containing phosphorus C10M0001460000 Esters of acids of phosphorus C10M0001480000 containing phosphorus and sulphur C10M0001500000 containing silicon C10M0001520000 Esters of acids of silicon C10M0001540000 containing elements not mentioned before C10M0003000000 Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances (compositions in general essentially based on macromolecular compounds C08L);; C10M0003020000 Inorganic compounds C10M0003040000 Water C10M0003060000 Sulphur; Sulphides C10M0003080000 Organic compounds C10M0003100000 Hydrocarbons C10M0003120000 Polymers or copolymers C10M0003140000 containing oxygen C10M0003160000 Aliphatic alcohols C10M0003180000 Aliphatic, including cycloaliphatic, carboxylic acids C10M0003200000 Esters C10M0003220000 Polymers or copolymers C10M0003240000 containing halogen C10M0003260000 containing nitrogen C10M0003280000 Arylamines C10M0003300000 Amides C10M0003320000 containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10M0003340000 Sulphonic acids C10M0003360000 Aromatic sulphides C10M0003380000 containing phosphorus C10M0003400000 Esters of acids of phosphorus C10M0003420000 containing phosphorus and sulphur C10M0003440000 containing silicon C10M0003460000 Esters of acids of silicon C10M0003480000 containing elements not mentioned before C10M0005000000 Solid or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use C10M0005020000 Inorganic compounds C10M0005040000 Gels C10M0005060000 Organic compounds C10M0005080000 Hydrocarbons C10M0005100000 Polymers or copolymers C10M0005120000 containing oxygen C10M0005140000 Metal salts of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids C10M0005160000 Salts of alkaline earth metals or magnesium C10M0005180000 containing halogen C10M0005200000 containing nitrogen C10M0005220000 containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10M0005240000 containing phosphorus C10M0005260000 containing silicon C10M0005280000 containing elements not mentioned above C10M0007000000 Solid or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid or semi-solid substances (compositions in general essentially based on macromolecular compounds C08L);; C10M0007020000 Inorganic compounds C10M0007040000 Graphite C10M0007060000 Sulphur; Sulphides C10M0007080000 Gels C10M0007100000 Organic compounds C10M0007120000 Hydrocarbons C10M0007140000 Polymers or copolymers C10M0007160000 containing oxygen C10M0007180000 Aliphatic alcohols C10M0007200000 Aliphatic, including cycloaliphatic, carboxylic acids C10M0007220000 Salts or alkaline earth metal or magnesium C10M0007240000 Esters C10M0007260000 Polymers or copolymers C10M0007280000 containing halogen C10M0007300000 containing nitrogen C10M0007320000 Arylamines C10M0007340000 Amides C10M0007360000 containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10M0007380000 Sulphonic acids C10M0007400000 Aromatic sulphides C10M0007420000 containing phosphorus C10M0007440000 Esters or acids of phosphorus C10M0007460000 containing phosphorus and sulphur C10M0007480000 containing silicon C10M0007500000 Esters of acids of silicon C10M0007520000 containing elements not mentioned above C10M0009000000 Lubricants which are at least partly in the gas or vapour phase during working conditions C10M0011000000 Working-up used lubricants based on mineral oils C11 ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES (edible oil or fat compositions A23);; C11B PRODUCING (pressing, extraction), REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES (e.g. lanolin), FATTY OILS OR WAXES, INCLUDING EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES (drying-oils C09F);; C11B0001000000 Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials C11B0001020000 Pretreatment C11B0001040000 of vegetable raw material C11B0001060000 by pressing C11B0001080000 by hot pressing C11B0001100000 by extracting C11B0001120000 by melting out C11B0001140000 with hot water or aqueous solutions C11B0001160000 with steam C11B0003000000 Refining fats or fatty oils C11B0003020000 by chemical reaction C11B0003040000 with acids C11B0003060000 with bases C11B0003080000 with oxidising agents C11B0003100000 by adsorption C11B0003120000 by distillation C11B0003140000 with the use of indifferent gases or vapours, e.g. steam C11B0003160000 by mechanical means C11B0005000000 Preserving by using additives, e.g. anti-oxidants C11B0007000000 Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils C11B0009000000 Essential oils; Perfumes (synthesis of chemical substances C07);; C11B0009020000 Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials C11B0011000000 Recovery or refining of other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin, waxes (synthetic waxes C07, C08;mineral waxes C10G) C11B0013000000 Recovery of fats, fatty oils, or fatty acids from waste materials (mechanical separation from waste water C02F, E03F);; C11B0013020000 from soap stock C11B0013040000 from spent adsorption materials C11B0015000000 Solidifying fatty oils, fats, or waxes by physical processes C11C FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS, OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS AND FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM C11C0001000000 Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids (recovery of fatty acids from waste materials C11B0013000000);; C11C0001020000 from fats or fatty oils C11C0001040000 by hydrolysis C11C0001060000 using solid catalysts C11C0001080000 Refining C11C0001100000 by distillation C11C0003000000 Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom (sulphonated fats or fatty oils C07C0143900000;factice C08H; drying-oils C09F) C11C0003020000 by esterification of fatty acids with glycerol C11C0003040000 by esterification of fats or fatty oils C11C0003060000 with glycerol C11C0003080000 with fatty acids C11C0003100000 Ester interchange C11C0003120000 by hydrogenation C11C0003140000 by isomerisation C11C0005000000 Candles C11C0005020000 Apparatus for preparation thereof C11D DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; THE USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP AND SOAP- MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL C11D0001000000 Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent C11D0001020000 Anionic compounds C11D0001040000 Carboxylic acids or salts thereof (soap C11D0009000000);; C11D0001060000 Ether- or thio-ether carboxylic acids C11D0001080000 Polycarboxylic acids containing no nitrogen or sulphur C11D0001100000 Amino-carboxylic acids; Imino-carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof C11D0001120000 Sulphonic acids or sulphuric acid esters; Salts thereof (C11D0003065000 takes precedence);; C11D0001140000 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols C11D0001160000 derived from divalent or polyvalent alcohols C11D0001180000 derived from amino alcohols C11D0001200000 Fatty acid condensates C11D0001220000 derived from aromatic compounds C11D0001240000 containing ester or ether groups directly attached to the nucleus C11D0001260000 derived from heterocyclic compounds C11D0001280000 Sulphonation products derived from fatty acids or their derivatives, e.g. esters, amides C11D0001290000 Sulphates of polyoxyalkylene ethers C11D0001300000 Sulphonation products derived from lignin C11D0001320000 Protein hydrolysates; Fatty acid condensates thereof C11D0001340000 Derivatives of acids of phosphorus C11D0001360000 of unknown constitution C11D0001370000 Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic C11D0001380000 Cationic compounds C11D0001400000 Monoamines or polyamines; Salts thereof C11D0001420000 Amino alcohols or amino ethers C11D0001440000 Ethers of polyoxyalkylenes with amino alcohols; Condensation products of epoxyalkanes with amines C11D0001460000 Esters of carboxylic acids with amino alcohols; Esters of amino carboxylic acids with alcohols C11D0001480000 N-containing polycondensation products C11D0001500000 Derivatives of urea, thiourea, cyanamide, guanidine or urethanes C11D0001520000 Carboxylic amides, alkylolamides or imides (C11D0003070000 takes precedence);; C11D0001540000 Hydrazides of carboxylic acids C11D0001560000 containing nitro or nitroso groups C11D0001580000 Heterocyclic compounds C11D0001600000 Sulphonium or phosphonium compounds C11D0001620000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C11D0001640000 of unknown constitution C11D0001645000 Mixtures of compounds all of which are cationic C11D0001650000 Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds C11D0001655000 of sulphonated products with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids (C11D0003066000 takes precedence);; C11D0001660000 Non-ionic compounds C11D0001680000 Alcohols; Oxidation products of paraffin wax, other than acids C11D0001700000 Phenols C11D0001720000 Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols (C11D0003075000 takes precedence);; C11D0001722000 Ethers of polyoxyalkylenes having mixed oxyalkylene groups C11D0001740000 Carboxylates or sulphonates of polyoxyalkylene glycols C11D0001750000 Amino oxides C11D0001755000 Sulphoxides C11D0001760000 Synthetic resins containing no nitrogen C11D0001780000 Neutral esters of acids of phosphorus C11D0001790000 Phosphine oxides C11D0001800000 Derivatives of lignin containing no sulpho- or sulphate groups C11D0001820000 Compounds containing silicon C11D0001825000 Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-anionic C11D0001830000 Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds C11D0001831000 of sulphonates with ethers of polyoxyalkylenes without phosphates C11D0001835000 Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds C11D0001860000 Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds C11D0001880000 Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds C11D0001900000 Betaines C11D0001920000 Sulphobetaines C11D0001940000 Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds C11D0003000000 Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group ; C11D0001000000 C11D0003020000 Inorganic compounds C11D0003040000 Water-soluble compounds C11D0003060000 Phosphates, including polyphosphates C11D0003065000 in admixture with sulphonated products C11D0003066000 and with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids C11D0003070000 in a mixture with alkylolamides of carbocyclic acids C11D0003075000 in admixture with ethers of polyoxyalkylenes C11D0003080000 Silicates C11D0003100000 Carbonates C11D0003120000 Water-insoluble compounds C11D0003140000 Pigments; Fillers; Abrasives C11D0003160000 Organic compounds C11D0003180000 Hydrocarbons C11D0003200000 containing oxygen C11D0003220000 Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof C11D0003240000 containing halogen C11D0003260000 containing nitrogen C11D0003280000 Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen in the ring C11D0003300000 Amines; Substituted amines C11D0003320000 Amides; Substituted amides C11D0003330000 Amino carboxylic acids C11D0003340000 containing sulphur C11D0003360000 containing phosphorus C11D0003370000 Polymers C11D0003380000 Products with no well-defined composition C11D0003382000 Vegetable products, e.g. soya meal, wood flour, sawdust C11D0003384000 Animal products C11D0003386000 Preparations containing enzymes C11D0003390000 Organic or inorganic per-compounds C11D0003395000 Bleaching agents C11D0003400000 Dyes C11D0003420000 Brightening agents C11D0003430000 Solvents C11D0003440000 Mixed solvents C11D0003460000 Superfatting agents C11D0003480000 Medicinal or disinfecting agents C11D0003500000 Perfumes C11D0003600000 Mixtures of compounding ingredients C11D0007000000 Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds C11D0007020000 Inorganic compounds C11D0007040000 Water-soluble compounds C11D0007060000 Hydroxides C11D0007080000 Acids C11D0007100000 Salts C11D0007120000 Carbonates C11D0007140000 Silicates C11D0007160000 Phosphates including polyphosphates C11D0007180000 Peroxides; Persalts C11D0007200000 Water-insoluble oxides C11D0007220000 Organic compounds C11D0007240000 Hydrocarbons C11D0007260000 containing oxygen C11D0007280000 containing halogen C11D0007300000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C11D0007320000 containing nitrogen C11D0007340000 containing sulphur C11D0007360000 containing phosphorus C11D0007380000 Per-compounds C11D0007400000 Products in which the composition is not well defined C11D0007420000 Preparations containing enzymes C11D0007440000 Vegetable products (C11D0007420000 takes precedence);; C11D0007460000 Animal products (C11D0007420000 takes precedence);; C11D0007500000 Solvents C11D0007520000 combined with promoters C11D0007540000 Bleaching agents C11D0007560000 combined with phosphates C11D0007600000 Mixtures of non-surface-active compounds C11D0009000000 Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap (compositions containing resin soap C11D0015040000);; C11D0009020000 on alkali or ammonium soaps C11D0009040000 containing compounding ingredients other than soaps C11D0009060000 Inorganic compounds C11D0009080000 Water-soluble compounds C11D0009100000 Salts C11D0009120000 Carbonates C11D0009140000 Phosphates; Polyphosphates C11D0009160000 Borates C11D0009180000 Water-insoluble compounds C11D0009200000 Pigments; Fillers; Abrasives C11D0009220000 Organic compounds C11D0009240000 Hydrocarbons C11D0009260000 containing oxygen C11D0009280000 containing halogen C11D0009300000 containing nitrogen C11D0009320000 containing sulphur C11D0009340000 containing phosphorus C11D0009360000 containing silicon C11D0009380000 Products in which the composition is not well defined C11D0009400000 Proteins C11D0009420000 Per-compounds C11D0009440000 Perfumes; Colouring materials; Brightening agents C11D0009480000 Superfatting agents C11D0009500000 Medicinal or disinfecting agents C11D0009600000 Mixtures of compounding ingredients C11D0010000000 Compositions of detergents, not provided for by one single preceding group C11D0010020000 based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap and non-surface-active compounds C11D0010040000 based on mixtures of surface-active non-soap compounds and soap C11D0010060000 based on mixtures of non-surface-active compounds and soap C11D0011000000 Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents C11D0011020000 Preparation in the form of powder by spray-drying C11D0011040000 by chemical means, e.g. sulphonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising C11D0013000000 Making of soap or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor (resin soap C11D0015000000);; C11D0013020000 Boiling soap; Refining C11D0013040000 Continuous methods therefor C11D0013060000 Bleaching of soap or soap solutions C11D0013080000 Colouring or perfuming C11D0013100000 Mixing; Kneading C11D0013120000 Cooling (C11D0013140000 takes precedence);; C11D0013140000 Shaping C11D0013160000 in moulds C11D0013180000 by extrusion or by pressing C11D0013200000 in the form of small particles, e.g. powder, flakes (by slicing C11D0013240000);; C11D0013220000 Cutting C11D0013240000 Slicing soap on the cooling drum C11D0013260000 Drying (drying ovens F27);; C11D0013280000 Embossing; Polishing C11D0013300000 Recovery of soap, e.g. from spent solutions C11D0015000000 Manufacture of resin soap or soaps derived from naphthenic acids; Compositions C11D0015020000 Apparatus therefor C11D0015040000 Compositions containing resin soap or soap derived from naphthenic acids C11D0017000000 Detergent materials characterised by their shape or physical properties (shaping soap C11D0013140000);; C11D0017020000 Floating bodies of detergents C11D0017040000 combined with or containing other objects C11D0017060000 Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets C11D0017080000 Liquid soap; Capsuled C11D0019000000 Recovery of glycerol from a saponification liquor (refining glycerol C07C0031220000);; C12 BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING C12C BREWING OF BEER (cleaning of raw materials A23N;pitching and depitching machines, cellar tools C12L; propagating yeasts C12N0001140000; non-beverage ethanolic fermentation C12P0007060000) C12C0001000000 Preparation of malt C12C0001020000 Pretreatment of grains, e.g. washing, steeping C12C0001040000 Germinating; Drying C12C0001060000 on single or multi-stage floors C12C0001080000 in boxes or drums C12C0001100000 Drying on fixed supports C12C0001120000 Drying on moving supports C12C0001140000 Grain or malt turning apparatus C12C0001160000 After-treatment of malt, e.g. malt cleaning, detachment of the germ C12C0001180000 Preparation of malt extract or of special kinds of malt, e.g. caramel, black malt C12C0003000000 Treatment of hops (hop extraction C12C0009020000);; C12C0003020000 Drying C12C0003040000 Conserving; Storing; Packing C12C0005000000 Other raw materials for the preparation of beer C12C0005020000 Additives for beer C12C0005040000 Colouring additives C12C0007000000 Preparation of wort (malt extract C12C0001180000);; C12C0007020000 Mixing malt with water C12C0007040000 Preparation of the mash C12C0007060000 Mashing apparatus C12C0007080000 with a horizontal stirrer shaft C12C0007100000 with a vertical stirrer shaft C12C0007120000 Cooling devices for the mash C12C0007140000 Clarifying wort (Läuterung) C12C0007160000 by straining C12C0007180000 After-treatment of wort, e.g. sterilisation C12C0009000000 Methods specially adapted for the making of beerwort C12C0009020000 Beerwort treatment; Boiling with hops; Hop extraction (brewing devices C12C0013000000);; C12C0009040000 Clarifying beerwort between hop boiling and cooling C12C0009060000 Cooling beerwort; Clarifying beerwort during or after the cooling C12C0009080000 After-treatment C12C0011000000 Fermentation processes for beer (preparation of wine C12G0001000000);; C12C0011020000 Pitching yeast C12C0011040000 Fermentation of beerwort C12C0011060000 Acidifying the wort for ethanolic fermentation C12C0013000000 Brewing devices C12C0013020000 Brew kettles C12C0013040000 heated with steam C12C0013060000 heated with fire C12F DISTILLATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS; RECOVERY OF BY-PRODUCTS; DENATURING OF, AND DENATURED, ALCOHOL C12F0001000000 Distillation or rectification of fermented solutions (preparation of alcoholic beverages by distillation C12G0003120000);; C12F0001020000 by continuous methods C12F0001040000 Rectification of spirit C12F0001060000 by continuous methods C12F0001080000 Combined distillation and rectification C12F0003000000 Recovery of by-products C12F0003020000 of carbon dioxide C12F0003040000 Recovery of volatile fermentation products from carbon dioxide C12F0003060000 from beer and wine (C12F0003020000 takes precedence;removal of yeast C12G0001080000) C12F0003080000 Recovery of alcohol from press residues or other waste material (from carbon dioxide C12F0003040000);; C12F0003100000 from distillery slops C12F0005000000 Preparation of denatured alcohol C12G WINE; OTHER ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION THEREOF (beer C12C);; C12G0001000000 Preparation of wine or sparkling wine C12G0001020000 Preparation of must from grapes; Must treatment and fermentation C12G0001040000 Sulphiting the must; Desulphiting C12G0001060000 Preparation of sparkling wine, e.g. champagne; Impregnating wine with carbon dioxide C12G0001080000 Removal of yeast ("degorgeage") C12G0003000000 Preparation of other alcoholic beverages C12G0003020000 by straight fermentation C12G0003040000 by mixing, e.g. liqueurs C12G0003060000 with flavouring ingredients C12G0003080000 by other methods for varying the composition of fermented solutions, e.g. reducing the alcohol content C12G0003100000 Increasing the alcohol content C12G0003120000 by distillation C12H PASTEURISATION; STERILISATION; PRESERVATION; PURIFICATION; CLARIFICATION; AGEING C12H0001000000 Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages (simulating ageing by flavouring C12G0003060000);; C12H0001020000 combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material C12H0001040000 with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material C12H0001060000 Precipitation by physical means, e.g. by irradiation, vibrations C12H0001080000 by heating C12H0001100000 Precipitation by chemical means C12H0001120000 without precipitation C12H0001140000 with non-precipitating compounds, e.g. sulphiting; Sequestration, e.g. with chelate-producing compounds C12H0001160000 by physical means, e.g. irradiation C12H0001180000 by heating C12H0001200000 in containers allowing for expansion of the contents C12H0001220000 Ageing or ripening by storing, e.g. lagering of beer C12J VINEGAR; ITS PREPARATION C12J0001000000 Vinegar; Preparation; Purification C12J0001020000 from wine C12J0001040000 from alcohol C12J0001060000 from milk C12J0001080000 Addition of flavouring ingredients C12J0001100000 Apparatus C12L PITCHING AND DEPITCHING MACHINES; CELLAR TOOLS (cleaning of casks B08B0009000000);; C12L0003000000 Pitching and depitching machines C12L0009000000 Venting devices for casks, barrels, etc. C12L0011000000 Cellar tools C12M APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; UNICELLULAR ALGAE, PLANT OR ANIMAL CELL, TISSUE, OR VIRUS-CULTURE APPARATUS (installations for fermenting manure A01C0003020000;preservation of living parts of humans or animals A01N0001020000; physical or chemical apparatus in general B01; malting or mashing apparatus C12C0001000000; brewing apparatus C12C0013000000; fermentation apparatus for wine C12G; apparatus for preparing vinegar C12J0001100000) C12M0001000000 Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology C12M0001020000 with agitation means; with heat exchange means C12M0001040000 with gas introduction means C12M0001060000 with agitator, e.g. impeller C12M0001080000 with draft tube C12M0001100000 rotatably mounted C12M0001120000 with sterilisation, filtration, or dialysis means C12M0001140000 with means providing thin layers or with multi-level trays C12M0001160000 containing, or adapted to contain, solid media C12M0001180000 Multiple fields or compartments C12M0001200000 Horizontal planar fields C12M0001220000 Petri type dish C12M0001240000 Tube or bottle type C12M0001260000 Inoculator or sampler C12M0001280000 being part of container C12M0001300000 Sampler being a swab C12M0001320000 Multiple field or continuous type C12M0001340000 Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters C12M0001360000 including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C12M0001380000 Temperature-responsive control C12M0001400000 Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilised, or carrier-bound enzymes, e.g. apparatus containing a fluidised bed of immobilised enzymes C12M0003000000 Tissue, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus C12M0003020000 with means providing suspensions C12M0003040000 with means providing thin layers C12N MICRO-ORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF (biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing micro-organisms, viruses, microbial fungi, enzymes, fermentates, or substances produced by, or extracted from, micro-organisms or animal material A01N0063000000;food compositions A21, A23; medicinal preparations A61K; fertilisers C05); PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICRO-ORGANISMS OR TISSUE (preservation of living parts of humans or animals A01N0001020000);;MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA (microbiological testing media C12Q);; C12N0001000000 Micro-organisms ; per se, e.g. protozoaCompositions thereof (medicinal preparations containing material from micro-organisms A61K0035660000;preparing medicinal bacterial antigen or antibody compositions, e.g. bacterial vaccines, A61K0039000000); Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving micro-organisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a micro-organism; Culture media therefor (edible compositions containing micro-organisms and processes of preparing same A21, A23);; C12N0001020000 Separating micro-organisms from their culture media C12N0001040000 Preserving or maintaining viable micro-organisms (immobilised micro-organisms C12N0011000000);; C12N0001060000 Lysis of micro-organisms C12N0001080000 Reducing the nucleic acid content C12N0001100000 Protozoa; Culture media therefor C12N0001120000 Unicellular algae; Culture media therefor (culture of multi-cellular plants A01G;as new plants per se A01H0013000000) C12N0001140000 Fungi (culture of mushrooms A01G0001040000;as new plants per se A01H0015000000); Culture media therefor C12N0001160000 Yeasts; Culture media therefor C12N0001180000 Baker's yeast; Brewer's yeast C12N0001200000 Bacteria; Culture media therefor C12N0001220000 Processes using, or culture media containing, cellulose or hydrolysates thereof C12N0001240000 Processes using, or culture media containing, waste sulphite liquor C12N0001260000 Processes using, or culture media containing, hydrocarbons (refining of hydrocarbon oils by using micro-organisms C10G0032000000);; C12N0001280000 aliphatic C12N0001300000 having five or less carbon atoms C12N0001320000 Processes using, or culture media containing, lower alkanols, i.e. C; 1 to C6 C12N0001340000 Processes using foam culture C12N0001360000 Adaptation or attenuation of cells C12N0001380000 Chemical stimulation of growth or activity by addition of chemical compounds which are not essential growth factors; Stimulation of growth by removal of a chemical compound (C12N0001340000 takes precedence);; C12N0003000000 Spore-forming or isolating processes C12N0005000000 Undifferentiated animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor C12N0005020000 Propagation of single cells or cells in suspension; Maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor C12N0007000000 Viruses; Bacteriophages; Compositions thereof; Preparation or purification thereof (medicinal preparations containing viruses A61K0035760000;preparing medicinal viral antigen or antibody compositions, e.g. virus vaccines, A61K0039000000) C12N0007020000 Recovery or purification C12N0007040000 Inactivation or attenuation; Producing viral sub-units C12N0007060000 by chemical treatment C12N0007080000 by serial passage of virus C12N0009000000 Enzymes, e.g. ligases (6.); Proenzymes; Compositions thereof (preparations containing enzymes for cleaning teeth A61K0007280000;medicinal preparations containing enzymes A61K0037480000; enzyme containing detergent compositions C11D); Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating, or purifying enzymes (preparation of malt C12C0001000000);; C12N0009020000 Oxidoreductases (1.), e.g. luciferase C12N0009040000 acting on CHOH groups as donors, e.g. glucose oxidase, lactate dehydrogenase (1.1) C12N0009060000 acting on nitrogen containing compounds as donors (1.4, 1.5, 1.7); C12N0009080000 acting on hydrogen peroxide as acceptor (1.11) C12N0009100000 Transferases (2.) (ribonucleases C12N0009220000);; C12N0009120000 transferring phosphorus containing groups, e.g. kinases (2.7) C12N0009140000 Hydrolases (3.) C12N0009160000 acting on ester bonds (3.1) C12N0009180000 Carboxylic ester hydrolases C12N0009200000 Triglyceride splitting, e.g. by means of lipase C12N0009220000 Ribonucleases C12N0009240000 acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) C12N0009260000 acting on alpha-1, 4-glucosidic bonds, e.g. hyaluronidase, invertase, amylase C12N0009280000 alpha-amylase from microbial source, e.g. bacterial amylase C12N0009300000 Fungal source C12N0009320000 alpha-amylase from plant source C12N0009340000 Glucoamylase C12N0009360000 acting on beta-1, 4 bonds between N-acetylmuramic acid and 2-acetylamino 2-deoxy-D-glucose, e.g. lysozyme C12N0009380000 acting on beta-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. beta-galactosidase C12N0009400000 acting on alpha-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. alpha-galactosidase C12N0009420000 acting on beta-1, 4-glucosidic bonds, e.g. cellulase C12N0009440000 acting on alpha-1, 6-glucosidic bonds, e.g. isoamylase, pullulanase C12N0009460000 Dextranase C12N0009480000 acting on peptide bonds, e.g. thromboplastin, leucine aminopeptidase (3.4) C12N0009500000 Proteinases C12N0009520000 derived from bacteria C12N0009540000 bacteria being Bacillus C12N0009560000 Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus licheniformis C12N0009580000 derived from fungi C12N0009600000 from yeast C12N0009620000 from Aspergillus C12N0009640000 derived from animal tissue, e.g. rennin C12N0009660000 Elastase C12N0009680000 Plasmin, i.e. fibrinolysin C12N0009700000 Streptokinase C12N0009720000 Urokinase C12N0009740000 Thrombin C12N0009760000 Trypsin; Chymotrypsin C12N0009780000 acting on carbon to nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds (3.5) C12N0009800000 acting on amide bonds in linear amides C12N0009820000 Asparaginase C12N0009840000 Penicillin amidase C12N0009860000 acting on amide bonds in cyclic amides, e.g. penicillinase C12N0009880000 Lyases (4.) C12N0009900000 Isomerases (5.) C12N0009920000 Glucose isomerase C12N0009940000 Pancreatin C12N0009960000 Stabilising an enzyme by forming an adduct or a composition; Forming enzyme conjugates C12N0009980000 Preparation of granular or free-flowing enzyme compositions (C12N0009960000 takes precedence);; C12N0009990000 Enzyme inactivation by chemical treatment C12N0011000000 Carrier-bound or immobilised enzymes; Carrier-bound or immobilised microbial cells; Preparation thereof C12N0011020000 Enzymes or microbial cells being immobilised on or in an organic carrier C12N0011040000 entrapped within the carrier, e.g. gel, hollow fibre C12N0011060000 attached to the carrier via a bridging agent C12N0011080000 carrier being a synthetic polymer C12N0011100000 carrier being a carbohydrate C12N0011120000 Cellulose or derivative thereof C12N0011140000 Enzyme or microbial cells being immobilised on or in an inorganic carrier C12N0011160000 Enzymes or microbial cells being immobilised on or in a biological cell C12N0011180000 Multi-enzyme systems C12N0013000000 Treatment of micro-organisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves C12N0015000000 Mutation or genetic engineering (processes for producing plant mutations A01H0001060000);; C12P FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION (fermentation processes to form a food composition A21, A23;compounds per se, see the relevant compound class, e.g. C01, C07; separation of optically active isomers by microbiological processes C07, e.g. C07B0019020000; brewing of beer C12C; producing vinegar C12J; processes for producing enzymes per se C12N) C12P0001000000 Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups ; C12P0003000000-C12P0039000000, by using micro-organisms or enzymes C12P0001020000 by using fungi C12P0001040000 by using bacteria C12P0001060000 by using actinomycetales C12P0003000000 Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide C12P0005000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons C12P0005020000 acyclic (producing methane by anaerobic treatment of sludge C02F0011040000);; C12P0007000000 Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds C12P0007020000 containing a hydroxy group C12P0007040000 acyclic C12P0007060000 Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage C12P0007080000 produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate C12P0007100000 substrate containing cellulosic material C12P0007120000 substrate containing sulphite waste liquor or citrus waste C12P0007140000 Multiple stages of fermentation; Multiple types of micro-organisms or reuse for micro-organisms C12P0007160000 Butanols C12P0007180000 polyhydric C12P0007200000 Glycerol C12P0007220000 aromatic C12P0007240000 containing a carbonyl group C12P0007260000 Ketones C12P0007280000 Acetone-containing products C12P0007300000 Produced from substrate containing inorganic compounds other than water C12P0007320000 produced from substrate containing inorganic nitrogen source C12P0007340000 produced from substrate containing protein as nitrogen source C12P0007360000 produced from substrate containing grain or cereal material C12P0007380000 Cyclopentanone- or cyclopentadione- containing products C12P0007400000 containing a carboxyl group C12P0007420000 Hydroxy-carboxylic acids C12P0007440000 Polycarboxylic acids C12P0007460000 Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid C12P0007480000 Tricarboxylic acids, e.g. citric acid C12P0007500000 having keto groups, e.g. 2-ketoglutaric acid C12P0007520000 Propionic acid; Butyric acids C12P0007540000 Acetic acid (vinegar C12J);; C12P0007560000 Lactic acid C12P0007580000 Aldonic, keto-aldonic or saccharic acids (uronic acids C12P0019000000);; C12P0007600000 2-Ketogulonic acid C12P0007620000 Carboxylic acid esters C12P0007640000 Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats C12P0007660000 containing the quinoid structure C12P0009000000 Preparation of organic compounds containing a metal or atom other than H, N, C, O, S, or halogen C12P0011000000 Preparation of sulphur-containing organic compounds C12P0013000000 Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds C12P0013020000 Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol C12P0013040000 alpha- or beta-Amino acids C12P0013060000 Alanine; Leucine; Isoleucine; Serine; Homoserine C12P0013080000 Lysine; Diaminopimelic acid; Threonine; Valine C12P0013100000 Citrulline; Arginine; Ornithine C12P0013120000 Methionine; Cysteine; Cystine C12P0013140000 Glutamic acid; Glutamine C12P0013160000 using surfactants, fatty acids or fatty acid esters, i. e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group or a carboxyl ester group C12P0013180000 using biotin or its derivatives C12P0013200000 Aspartic acid; Asparagine C12P0013220000 Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Phenylalanine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine C12P0013240000 Proline; Hydroxyproline; Histidine C12P0015000000 Preparation of compounds containing at least three condensed carbocyclic rings C12P0017000000 Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se, or Te as ring hetero atoms (C12P0013040000-C12P0013240000; take precedence);; C12P0017020000 Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms C12P0017040000 containing a five-membered hetero ring, e.g. griseofulvin C12P0017060000 containing a six-membered hetero ring, e.g. fluorescein C12P0017080000 containing a hetero ring of at least seven ring members, e.g. zearalenone, macrolide aglycons C12P0017100000 Nitrogen as only ring hetero atom C12P0017120000 containing a six-membered hetero ring C12P0017140000 Nitrogen or oxygen as hetero atom and at least one other diverse hetero ring atom in the same ring C12P0017160000 containing two or more hetero rings C12P0017180000 containing at least two hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, e.g. rifamycin C12P0019000000 Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals (ketoaldonic acids C12P0007580000);; C12P0019020000 Monosaccharides (2-ketogulonic acid C12P0007600000);; C12P0019040000 Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds C12P0019060000 Xanthan, i.e. Xanthomonas-type heteropolysaccharides C12P0019080000 Dextran C12P0019100000 Pullulan C12P0019120000 Disaccharides C12P0019140000 produced by the action of a carbohydrase, e.g. by alpha-amylase C12P0019160000 produced by the action of an alpha-1, 6-glucosidase, e.g. amylose, debranched amylopectin (non-biological hydrolysis of starch C13L0001000000);; C12P0019180000 produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma -cyclodextrins C12P0019200000 produced by the action of an exo-1, 4 alpha-glucosidase, e.g. dextrose C12P0019220000 produced by the action of a beta-amylase, e.g. maltose C12P0019240000 produced by the action of an isomerase, e.g. fructose C12P0019260000 Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates C12P0019280000 N-glycosides C12P0019300000 Nucleotides C12P0019320000 having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two N-atoms in the same-ring, e.g. purine nucleotides C12P0019340000 Polynucleotides, e.g. nucleic acids, oligoribonucleotides C12P0019360000 Dinucleotides, e.g. NAD C12P0019380000 Nucleosides C12P0019400000 having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same ring, e.g. purine nucleosides C12P0019420000 Cobalamins, i.e. vitamin B; 12 , LLD factor C12P0019440000 Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides C12P0019460000 having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical bound to a cyclohexyl radical, e.g. kasugamycin C12P0019480000 the cyclohexyl radical being substituted by two or more nitrogen atoms, e.g. destomycin, neamin C12P0019500000 having two saccharide radicals bound through only oxygen to adjacent ring carbon atoms of the cyclohexyl radical, e.g. ambutyrosin, ribostamycin C12P0019520000 containing three or more saccharide radicals, e.g. neomycin, lividomycin C12P0019540000 the cyclohexyl radical being bound directly to a nitrogen atom of two or more radicals, e.g. streptomycin C12P0019560000 having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound to a condensed ring system having three or more carbocyclic rings, e.g. daunomycin, adriamycin C12P0019580000 having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound through only acyclic carbon atoms to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. bleomycin, phleomycin C12P0019600000 having an oxygen of the saccharide radical directly bound to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring or a condensed ring system containing a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. coumermycin, novobiocin C12P0019620000 the hetero ring having eight or more ring members and only oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. erythromycin, spiramycin, nystatin C12P0019640000 Preparation of S-glycosides, e.g. lincomycin C12P0021000000 Preparation of peptides or proteins (single-cell protein C12N0001000000);; C12P0021020000 having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione C12P0021040000 Cyclic or bridged peptides or polypeptides, e.g. bacitracin (cyclised by S;S; bonds only C12P0021020000);; C12P0021060000 produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products (preparing foodstuffs by protein hydrolysis A23J0003000000);; C12P0023000000 Preparation of compounds containing a cyclohexene ring having an unsaturated side chain containing at least ten carbon atoms bound by conjugated double bonds, e.g. carotenes (containing hetero-rings C12P0017000000);; C12P0025000000 Preparation of compounds containing alloxazine or isoalloxazine nucleus, e.g. riboflavin C12P0027000000 Preparation of compounds containing a gibbane ring system, e.g. gibberellin C12P0029000000 Preparation of compounds containing a naphthacene ring system, e.g. tetracycline (C12P0019000000 takes precedence);; C12P0031000000 Preparation of compounds containing a five-membered ring having two side-chains in ortho position to each other, and having at least one oxygen atom directly bound to the ring in ortho position to one of the side-chains, one side-chain containing, not directly bound to the ring, a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, and the other side-chain having at least one oxygen atom bound in gamma -position to the ring, e.g. prostaglandins C12P0033000000 Preparation of steroids C12P0033020000 Dehydrogenating; Dehydroxylating C12P0033040000 Forming an aryl ring from A ring C12P0033060000 Hydroxylating C12P0033080000 at 11 position C12P0033100000 at 11 alpha-position C12P0033120000 Acting on D ring C12P0033140000 Hydroxylating at 16 position C12P0033160000 Acting at 17 position C12P0033180000 Hydroxylating at 17 position C12P0033200000 containing heterocyclic rings C12P0035000000 Preparation of compounds having a 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring system, e.g. cephalosporin C12P0035020000 by desacylation of the substituent in the 7 position C12P0035040000 by acylation of the substituent in the 7 position C12P0035060000 Cephalosporin C; Derivatives thereof C12P0035080000 disubstituted in the 7 position C12P0037000000 Preparation of compounds having a 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring system, e.g. penicillin C12P0037020000 in presence of phenylacetic acid or phenylacetamide or their derivatives C12P0037040000 by acylation of the substituent in the 6 position C12P0037060000 by desacylation of the substituent in the 6 position C12P0039000000 Processes involving micro-organisms of different genera in the same process, simultaneously C12Q MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES OR MICRO-ORGANISMS (immunoassay G01N0033540000);;COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES C12Q0001000000 Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes or micro-organisms (measuring or testing apparatus with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters C12M0001340000);;Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions C12Q0001020000 involving viable micro-organisms C12Q0001040000 Determining presence or kind of micro-organism; Use of selective media for testing antibiotics or bacteriocides; Compositions containing a chemical indicator therefor C12Q0001060000 Quantitative determination C12Q0001080000 using multifield media C12Q0001100000 Enterobacteria C12Q0001120000 Nitrate to nitrite reducing bacteria C12Q0001140000 Streptococcus; Staphylococcus C12Q0001160000 using radioactive material C12Q0001180000 Testing for antimicrobial activity of a material C12Q0001200000 using multifield media C12Q0001220000 Testing for sterility conditions C12Q0001240000 Methods of sampling, or inoculating or spreading a sample; Methods of physically isolating an intact micro-organism C12Q0001260000 involving oxidoreductase C12Q0001280000 involving peroxidase C12Q0001300000 involving catalase C12Q0001320000 involving dehydrogenase C12Q0001340000 involving hydrolase C12Q0001360000 involving peptidase C12Q0001380000 involving proteinase C12Q0001400000 involving amylase C12Q0001420000 involving phosphatase C12Q0001440000 involving esterase C12Q0001460000 involving cholinesterase C12Q0001480000 involving transferase C12Q0001500000 involving creatine phosphokinase C12Q0001520000 involving transaminase C12Q0001540000 involving glucose or galactose C12Q0001560000 involving blood clotting factors, e.g. involving thrombin, thromboplastin, fibrinogen C12Q0001580000 involving urea or urease C12Q0001600000 involving cholesterol C12Q0001620000 involving uric acid C12Q0001640000 Geomicrobiological testing, e.g. for petroleum C12Q0001660000 involving luciferase C12Q0001680000 involving nucleic acids C12Q0001700000 involving virus or bacteriophage C12Q0003000000 Condition-responsive control processes (apparatus therefor C12M0001360000;controlling or regulating in general G05) C12R PROCESSES USING MICRO-ORGANISMS C12R0001000000 Processes using micro-organisms C12R0001010000 using bacteria or actinomycetales C12R0001020000 Acetobacter C12R0001025000 Achromobacter C12R0001030000 Actinomadura C12R0001040000 Actinomyces C12R0001045000 Actinoplanes C12R0001050000 Alcaligenes C12R0001060000 Arthrobacter C12R0001065000 Azotobacter C12R0001070000 Bacillus C12R0001080000 Bacillus brevis C12R0001085000 Bacillus cereus C12R0001090000 Bacillus circulans C12R0001100000 Bacillus licheniformis C12R0001110000 Bacillus megaterium C12R0001120000 Bacillus polymyxa C12R0001125000 Bacillus subtilis C12R0001130000 Brevibacterium C12R0001140000 Chainia C12R0001145000 Clostridium C12R0001150000 Corynebacterium C12R0001160000 Corynebacterium diphtheriae C12R0001165000 Corynebacterium poinsettiae C12R0001170000 Corynebacterium pyogenes C12R0001180000 Erwinia C12R0001185000 Escherichia C12R0001190000 Escherichia coli C12R0001200000 Flavobacterium C12R0001210000 Haemophilus C12R0001220000 Klebsiella C12R0001225000 Lactobacillus C12R0001230000 Lactobacillus acidophilus C12R0001240000 Lactobacillus brevis C12R0001245000 Lactobacillus casei C12R0001250000 Lactobacillus plantarum C12R0001260000 Methylomonas C12R0001265000 Micrococcus C12R0001270000 Micrococcus flavus C12R0001280000 Micrococcus glutamicus C12R0001285000 Micrococcus lysodeikticus C12R0001290000 Micromonospora C12R0001300000 Micromonospora chalcea C12R0001310000 Micromonospora purpurea C12R0001320000 Mycobacterium C12R0001325000 Mycobacterium avium C12R0001330000 Mycobacterium fortuitum C12R0001340000 Mycobacterium smegmatis C12R0001350000 Mycoplasma C12R0001360000 Neisseria C12R0001365000 Nocardia C12R0001370000 Proteus C12R0001380000 Pseudomonas C12R0001385000 Pseudomonas aeruginosa C12R0001390000 Pseudomonas fluorescens C12R0001400000 Pseudomonas putida C12R0001410000 Rhizobium C12R0001420000 Salmonella C12R0001425000 Serratia C12R0001430000 Serratia marcescens C12R0001440000 Staphylococcus C12R0001445000 Staphylococcus aureus C12R0001450000 Staphylococcus epidermidis C12R0001460000 Streptococcus C12R0001465000 Streptomyces C12R0001470000 Streptomyces albus C12R0001480000 Streptomyces antibioticus C12R0001485000 Streptomyces aureofaciens C12R0001490000 Streptomyces aureus C12R0001500000 Streptomyces bikiniensis C12R0001510000 Streptomyces candidus C12R0001520000 Streptomyces chartreusis C12R0001525000 Streptomyces diastatochromogenes C12R0001530000 Streptomyces filipinensis C12R0001540000 Streptomyces fradiae C12R0001545000 Streptomyces griseus C12R0001550000 Streptomyces hygroscopicus C12R0001560000 Streptomyces lavendulae C12R0001565000 Streptomyces lincolnensis C12R0001570000 Streptomyces noursei C12R0001580000 Streptomyces olivaceus C12R0001585000 Streptomyces platensis C12R0001590000 Streptomyces rimosus C12R0001600000 Streptomyces sparsogenes C12R0001610000 Streptomyces venezuelae C12R0001620000 Streptosporangium C12R0001625000 Streptoverticillium C12R0001630000 Vibrio C12R0001640000 Xanthomonas C12R0001645000 using fungi C12R0001650000 Absidia C12R0001660000 Aspergillus C12R0001665000 Aspergillus awamori C12R0001670000 Aspergillus flavus C12R0001680000 Aspergillus fumigatus C12R0001685000 Aspergillus niger C12R0001690000 Aspergillus oryzae C12R0001700000 Aspergillus ustus C12R0001710000 Aspergillus wentii C12R0001720000 Candida C12R0001725000 Candida albicans C12R0001730000 Candida lipolytica C12R0001740000 Candida tropicalis C12R0001745000 Cephalosporium C12R0001750000 Cephalosporium acremonium C12R0001760000 Cephalosporium coerulescens C12R0001765000 Cephalosporium crotocinigenum C12R0001770000 Fusarium C12R0001780000 Hansenula C12R0001785000 Mucor C12R0001790000 Paecilomyces C12R0001800000 Penicillium C12R0001810000 Penicillium brevi C12R0001820000 Penicillium chrysogenum C12R0001825000 Penicillium notatum C12R0001830000 Penicillium patulum C12R0001840000 Pichia C12R0001845000 Rhizopus C12R0001850000 Saccharomyces C12R0001860000 Saccharomyces carlsbergensis C12R0001865000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae C12R0001870000 Saccharomyces lactis C12R0001880000 Torulopsis C12R0001885000 Trichoderma C12R0001890000 using algae C12R0001900000 using protozoa C12R0001910000 using viruses or cell lines C13 SUGAR OR STARCH INDUSTRY (malt C12C);; C13C CUTTING MILLS; SHREDDING KNIVES; PULP PRESSES C13C0001000000 Reducing the size of material from which sugar, or like carbohydrate is to be extracted (for extraction of starch C13L0001020000);; C13C0001020000 Cutting sugar cane C13C0001040000 Shredding sugar cane C13C0001060000 Slicing sugar beet C13C0001080000 Knives; Adjustment or maintenance thereof C13C0003000000 Pressing water from material from which sugar, starch or like carbohydrate has been extracted C13C0003020000 between perforated moving belts C13D PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF SUGAR JUICES C13D0001000000 Production of sugar, i.e. sucrose, juices C13D0001020000 Expressing juice from sugar cane or similar material, e.g. sorghum saccharatum C13D0001040000 combined with imbibition C13D0001060000 Sugar-cane crushers C13D0001080000 Extraction of sugar from sugar beet with water C13D0001100000 continuous processes C13D0001120000 Details of extraction apparatus, e.g. arrangements of pipes or valves C13D0001140000 using extracting agents other than water, e.g. alcohol or salt solutions C13D0003000000 Purification of sugar juices (mechanical separation of solids from liquids B01);; C13D0003020000 using alkaline earth compounds C13D0003040000 followed by saturation C13D0003060000 with carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide C13D0003080000 by oxidation or reduction C13D0003100000 using sulphur dioxide or sulphites C13D0003120000 using adsorption agents, e.g. active carbon C13D0003140000 using ion-exchange materials C13D0003160000 by physical means, e.g. osmosis C13D0003180000 by electrical means C13F PREPARATION AND PROCESSING OF RAW SUGAR, SUGAR, AND SYRUP C13F0001000000 Thickening, evaporating, or boiling sugar juice (boiling apparatus B01B;evaporators B01D; centrifuges B04B) C13F0001020000 Crystallisation; Crystallising apparatus C13F0001040000 Separating crystals from mother liquors C13F0001060000 by centrifugal force C13F0001080000 Washing residual mother liquor from crystals C13F0001100000 in centrifuges C13F0001120000 Recycling mother liquor or wash liquors C13F0001140000 Dissolving and refining raw sugar C13F0003000000 Miscellaneous sugar products, e.g. powdered, lump, or liquid sugar; Working-up of sugar (C13F0005000000, C13H take precedence;sweetmeats A23G0003000000; sucrose syrups A23L0001090000; glucose-containing syrups C13K0001000000) C13F0003020000 formed by moulding sugar C13F0005000000 Drying sugar (storing sugar B65);; C13G EVAPORATION APPARATUS; BOILING PANS C13G0001000000 Evaporators or boiling pans adapted to be specially applicable for sugar solutions C13G0001020000 Heating equipment C13G0001040000 Other details, e.g. for preventing foaming for catching juice C13G0001060000 combined with measuring instruments for effecting control of the process C13H CUTTING MACHINES FOR SUGAR; COMBINED CUTTING, SORTING AND PACKING MACHINES FOR SUGAR C13H0001000000 Combined cutting, sorting and packing machines for sugar C13H0003000000 Cutting machines for sugar C13J EXTRACTION OF SUGAR FROM MOLASSES C13J0001000000 Production of sucrose from final molasses C13J0001020000 by chemical means C13J0001040000 by precipitation as alkaline earth metal saccharates C13J0001060000 using ion exchange C13J0001080000 by physical means, e.g. osmosis C13K GLUCOSE; INVERT SUGAR; LACTOSE; MALTOSE; SYNTHESIS OF SUGARS BY HYDROLYSIS OF DI- OR POLYSACCHARIDES (chemical synthesis other than by hydrolysis of di- or polysaccharides C07H;fermentation or enzyme-using processes C12P0019000000) C13K0001000000 Glucose (separation from invert sugar C13K0003000000);;Glucose-containing syrups C13K0001020000 by saccharification of cellulosic materials (manufacture of fodder A23K0001120000);; C13K0001040000 Purifying C13K0001060000 by saccharification of starch or raw materials containing starch C13K0001080000 Purifying C13K0001100000 Crystallisation C13K0003000000 Invert sugar; Separation of glucose or fructose from invert sugar C13K0005000000 Lactose C13K0007000000 Maltose C13K0011000000 Fructose (separation from invert sugar C13K0003000000);; C13K0013000000 Sugars not otherwise provided for in class ; C13 C13L STARCH; DEXTRIN; SIMILAR CARBOHYDRATES (chemical synthesis of polysaccharides C08B0037000000;biological synthesis or hydrolysis of polysaccharides C12P0019000000) C13L0001000000 Extraction and purification of starch, including concentration of starch suspensions C13L0001020000 Preparatory treatment, e.g. crushing of raw materials (machines for preliminary washing A23N);; C13L0001040000 Drying; Forming C13L0001060000 Working-up residues from the starch extraction C13L0001080000 Modified or degraded starch; Bleaching of starch (starch derivatives C08B0031000000);; C13L0001100000 Dextrin C13L0001120000 Separation of amylose and amylopectin C13L0003000000 Extraction and purification of other reserve carbohydrates, e.g. glycogen, inulin, laminarin C14 SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER C14B MECHANICAL TREATMENT AND PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES, AND LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT- SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES (making leather substitutes B29J0001040000, D06N;making articles from leather B68F; mechanical cleaning of hides or the like D06G; artificial leather D06N) C14B0001000000 Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor C14B0001020000 Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather C14B0001040000 using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface C14B0001060000 in machines in which the working piece is maintained in contact with the working tools solely by means of rolls C14B0001080000 in machines with flexible bands as bed supporting or counter-pressure elements C14B0001100000 in machines with drums with cylindrical, conical, or similar surfaces for supporting the whole working piece C14B0001120000 in machines with plane supporting bed-plates C14B0001140000 using tools cutting the skin in a plane substantially parallel to its surface C14B0001160000 using fixed or reciprocating or oscillating knives C14B0001180000 using band knives C14B0001200000 using circular dished or coned knives C14B0001220000 using cylindrical knives C14B0001240000 Cutting or shearing hairs without cutting the skin (shearing furs and plucking hairs for fur manufacturing purposes C14B0015020000);; C14B0001260000 Leather tensioning or stretching frames; Stretching-machines; Setting-out boards; Pasting boards (pasting processes C14B0001600000;fastening devices C14B0017080000) C14B0001280000 Machines for treating leather combined with devices for measuring and printing C14B0001300000 Pressing or rolling leather C14B0001320000 by linear movement of the pressing elements C14B0001340000 by rotating movement of the pressing or rolling elements C14B0001360000 Bridge leather-rolling machines C14B0001380000 Hammering leather C14B0001400000 Softening or making skins or leather supple, e.g. by staking, boarding, or crippling machines, by dry mills C14B0001420000 by means of a rotatable drum with radial blades C14B0001440000 Mechanical treatment of leather surfaces C14B0001460000 Fluffing, buffing or sanding C14B0001480000 Roughening (by sanding C14B0001460000);; C14B0001500000 Glazing C14B0001520000 Brushing or plush-wheeling C14B0001540000 Ironing (pressing or rolling C14B0001300000);; C14B0001560000 Ornamenting, producing designs, embossing (pressing or rolling in general C14B0001300000;producing designs on furs C14B0015120000) C14B0001580000 Drying C14B0001600000 Pasting processes (pasting boards C14B0001260000;chemical part C14C0007000000) C14B0001620000 Winding or stacking hides or leather C14B0003000000 Milling leather C14B0005000000 Clicking, perforating, or cutting leather (for shoe parts, e.g. soles, A43D;apparatus not specially adapted for leather B26D) C14B0005020000 Stamps or dies for leather articles C14B0005040000 for making leather belts or strips C14B0005060000 Machines for cutting strips spirally from discs of leather C14B0007000000 Special leathers and their manufacture C14B0007020000 Composite leathers (with one or more laminae of plastics material B32B);; C14B0007040000 by cementing or pressing together leather pieces, strips, or layers; Reinforcing or stiffening leather by means of reinforcing layers C14B0007060000 Leather webs built up of interengaged strips or pieces, e.g. by braiding C14B0009000000 Making driving belts or other leather belts or strips C14B0011000000 Finishing the edges of leather pieces, e.g. by folding, by burning (milling C14B0003000000);; C14B0013000000 Shredding hides or leather (shredding in general B02C);; C14B0015000000 Mechanical treatment of furs C14B0015020000 Shearing; Removing dead or coarse hairs or bristles by shearing or plucking C14B0015040000 Fur dressing C14B0015060000 Fur-stretching devices C14B0015080000 Application of reinforcing or stiffening layers to fur skins C14B0015100000 Cutting furs; Making fur plates or strips C14B0015120000 Finishing, e.g. pointing furs; Producing designs or patterns C14B0017000000 Details of apparatus or machines for manufacturing or treating skins, hides, leather, or furs C14B0017020000 Blading cylinders or other working cylinders, e.g. slicking or scraping cylinders C14B0017040000 Work-supports or other counter-pressing elements; Bed rolls or counter-pressing rolls C14B0017060000 Work feeding or clamping devices C14B0017080000 Fastening devices, e.g. clips for leather-stretching C14B0017100000 Arrangements for driving parts of leather-working machines C14B0017120000 Safety devices specially adapted for leather-working machines C14B0017140000 Auxiliary devices for leather-working machines, e.g. grinding devices for blading cylinders or dust-removal devices combined with the working machines C14B0019000000 Hand tools specially adapted for the treatment of hides, skins, or leather in the manufacture of leather and furs (equipment and tools for saddlery B68C);; C14B0021000000 Splitting intestines; Cutting intestines longitudinally (cleaning or cutting intestines during processing of meat A22C0017000000);; C14C CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS AND LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING (dyeing and bleaching of leather or furs D06);; C14C0001000000 Chemical treatment prior to tanning C14C0001020000 Curing raw hides C14C0001040000 Soaking C14C0001060000 Facilitating unhairing, e.g. by painting, by liming C14C0001080000 Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing C14C0003000000 Tanning; Compositions for tanning C14C0003020000 Chemical tanning C14C0003040000 Mineral tanning C14C0003060000 using chromium compounds C14C0003080000 by organic agents C14C0003100000 Vegetable tanning C14C0003120000 using purified or modified vegetable tanning agents C14C0003140000 Fat tanning; Oil tanning C14C0003160000 using aliphatic aldehydes C14C0003180000 using polycondensation products or precursors thereof C14C0003200000 sulphonated C14C0003220000 using polymerisation products C14C0003240000 using lignin derivatives, e.g. sulphate liquor C14C0003260000 using other organic substances, containing halogen C14C0003280000 Multi-step processes C14C0003300000 using physical means combined with chemical means C14C0003320000 Recovering tanning agents from leather C14C0005000000 Degreasing leather C14C0007000000 Pasting processes (chemical part) C14C0009000000 Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes C14C0009020000 using fatty or oily materials, e.g. fat liquoring C14C0009040000 Fixing tanning agents in the leather C14C0011000000 Surface finishing of leather C14C0013000000 Manufacture of special kinds of leather, e.g. vellum (chamois tanning C14C0003140000);; C14C0013020000 Manufacture of technical leather C14C0015000000 Apparatus for chemical treatment or washing of hides, skins, or leather C21 METALLURGY OF IRON C21B MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL (preliminary treatment of ferrous ores or scrap C22B0001000000;electric heating per se H05B) C21B0003000000 General features in the manufacture of pig-iron (mixers for pig-iron C21C0001060000);; C21B0003020000 by applying additives, e.g. fluxing agents C21B0003040000 Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag C21B0003060000 Treatment of liquid slag (slag wool C03B;slag stones C04B) C21B0003080000 Cooling slag C21B0003100000 Slag pots; Slag cars C21B0005000000 Making pig-iron in the blast furnace C21B0005020000 Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals C21B0005040000 Making slag of special composition C21B0005060000 Using top gas in the blast furnace process (in coke ovens C10B);; C21B0007000000 Blast furnaces (lifts associated with blast furnaces B66B0009060000);; C21B0007020000 Internal forms C21B0007040000 with special refractories (refractory materials C04B);; C21B0007060000 Linings for furnaces C21B0007080000 Top armourings C21B0007100000 Cooling; Devices therefor C21B0007120000 Opening or sealing the tap holes C21B0007140000 Discharging devices, e.g. for slag C21B0007160000 Tuyères C21B0007180000 Bell-and-hopper arrangements C21B0007200000 with appliances for distributing the burden C21B0007220000 Dust arresters C21B0007240000 Test rods or other checking devices C21B0009000000 Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces C21B0009020000 Brick hot-blast stoves C21B0009040000 with combustion shaft C21B0009060000 Linings C21B0009080000 Iron hot-blast stoves C21B0009100000 Other details, e.g. blast mains C21B0009120000 Hot-blast valves or slides for blast furnaces (valves in general F16K);; C21B0009140000 Preheating the combustion air C21B0009160000 Cooling or drying the hot-blast C21B0011000000 Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces C21B0011020000 in low shaft furnaces C21B0011060000 in rotary kilns C21B0011080000 in hearth-type furnaces C21B0011100000 in electric furnaces C21B0013000000 Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes C21B0013020000 in shaft furnaces C21B0013040000 in retorts C21B0013060000 in multi-storied furnaces C21B0013080000 in rotary furnaces C21B0013100000 in hearth-type furnaces C21B0013120000 in electric furnaces C21B0013140000 Multi-stage processes C21B0015000000 Other processes for the manufacture of iron from iron compounds (general methods of reducing to metal C22B0005000000;by electrolysis C25C0001060000) C21B0015020000 Metallothermic processes, e.g. thermit reduction C21B0015040000 from iron carbonyl C21C PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON AND STEEL (refining or remelting metals in general C22B0009000000);;TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS C21C0001000000 Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron C21C0001020000 Dephosphorising or desulphurising C21C0001040000 Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus, and sulphur C21C0001060000 Constructional features of mixers for pig-iron C21C0001080000 Manufacture of cast-iron C21C0001100000 Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron C21C0003000000 Manufacture of wrought-iron or wrought-steel C21C0005000000 Manufacture of carbon steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel, or cast-steel C21C0005020000 Crucible furnace process C21C0005040000 Manufacture of hearth-furnace steel, e.g. Siemens-Martin steel C21C0005060000 Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C0005280000 Manufacture of steel in the converter C21C0005300000 Regulating or controlling the blowing C21C0005320000 Blowing from above C21C0005340000 Blowing through the bath C21C0005360000 Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C0005380000 Removal of waste gases or dust C21C0005400000 Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust C21C0005420000 Constructional features of converters C21C0005440000 Refractory linings C21C0005460000 Details or accessories C21C0005480000 Bottoms or tuyeres of converters C21C0005500000 Tilting mechanisms for converters C21C0005520000 Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces (electric heating per se H05B);; C21C0005540000 Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C0005560000 Manufacture of steel by other methods (making liquid steel by direct processes C21B0013000000);; C21C0007000000 Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C0001000000-C21C0005000000; (treating molten metals during moulding B22D0001000000, B22D0027000000;remelting ferrous metals C22B) C21C0007040000 Removing impurities by adding a treating agent C21C0007060000 Deoxidising, e.g. killing C21C0007064000 Dephosphorising; Desulphurising C21C0007068000 Decarburising C21C0007072000 Treatment with gases (C21C0007060000, C21C0007064000, C21C0007068000 take precedence);; C21C0007076000 Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents (C21C0007060000, C21C0007064000, C21C0007068000 take precedence);; C21C0007100000 Handling in vacuum C21D MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING, OR OTHER TREATMENTS (cementation by diffusion processes C23C;unidirectional solidification of eutectic materials or unidirectional demixing of eutectoid materials C30B) C21D0001000000 General methods or devices for heat treatments, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching, tempering (furnaces in general F27;electric heating per se H05B) C21D0001020000 Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation C21D0001040000 with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields C21D0001060000 Surface hardening C21D0001080000 with flames C21D0001090000 by direct application of electrical or wave energy; by particle radiation C21D0001100000 by electric induction C21D0001180000 Hardening (C21D0001020000 takes precedence);;Quenching with or without subsequent tempering (quenching devices C21D0001620000);; C21D0001190000 by interrupted quenching C21D0001200000 Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening C21D0001220000 Martempering C21D0001250000 Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 C and 600 C, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten") C21D0001260000 Methods of annealing C21D0001280000 Normalising C21D0001300000 Stress-relieving C21D0001320000 Soft annealing, e.g. spheroidising C21D0001340000 Methods of heating (C21D0001060000 takes precedence);; C21D0001380000 Heating by cathodic discharges C21D0001400000 Direct resistance heating C21D0001420000 Induction heating C21D0001440000 in heat-treatment baths C21D0001460000 Salt baths C21D0001480000 Metal baths C21D0001500000 Oil baths C21D0001520000 with flames C21D0001530000 Heating in fluidised beds C21D0001540000 Determining when the hardening temperature has been reached by measurement of magnetic or electrical properties C21D0001550000 Hardenability tests, e.g. end-quench tests (investigating chemical or physical properties of materials in general G01N);; C21D0001560000 characterised by the quenching agents C21D0001580000 oils C21D0001600000 aqueous agents C21D0001607000 Molten salts C21D0001613000 Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material C21D0001620000 Quenching devices C21D0001630000 for bath quenching C21D0001640000 with circulating liquids (in general F28D);; C21D0001667000 for spray quenching C21D0001673000 for die quenching C21D0001680000 Temporary coatings or embedding materials applied before or during heat treatment C21D0001700000 while heating or quenching C21D0001720000 during chemical change of surfaces C21D0001740000 Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum, or pulverulent material (production of gases C01, C10);; C21D0001760000 Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere C21D0001767000 with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof C21D0001773000 under reduced pressure or vacuum C21D0001780000 Combined heat-treatments not provided for above C21D0001820000 Descaling by thermal stresses (mechanically B21, B23;chemically C23; electrolytically C25F) C21D0001840000 Controlled slow cooling (cooling-beds for metal rolling B21B0043000000);; C21D0003000000 Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor (local protective coatings C21D0001720000;furnaces in general F27) C21D0003020000 Extraction of non-metals C21D0003040000 Decarburising C21D0003060000 Extraction of hydrogen C21D0003080000 Extraction of nitrogen C21D0003100000 Furnaces therefor C21D0005000000 Heat treatments of cast-iron C21D0005020000 improving the malleability of grey cast-iron C21D0005040000 of white cast-iron C21D0005060000 Malleabilising C21D0005080000 with oxidation of carbon C21D0005100000 in gaseous agents C21D0005120000 in solid agents C21D0005140000 Graphitising C21D0005160000 Packing agents C21D0006000000 Heat treatment of ferrous alloys C21D0006020000 Hardening by precipitation C21D0006040000 Hardening by cooling below 0°C C21D0007000000 Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation (apparatus for mechanical working of metal B21, B23, B24, e.g. shot-peening B24C);; C21D0007020000 by cold working C21D0007040000 of the surface C21D0007060000 by shot-peening or the like C21D0007080000 by burnishing or the like C21D0007100000 of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars C21D0007120000 by expanding tubular bodies C21D0007130000 by hot working C21D0008000000 Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment (hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling with no further heating beyond that required for the formation C21D0001020000);; C21D0008020000 during manufacturing of plates or strips (C21D0008120000 takes precedence);; C21D0008040000 to produce plates or strips for deep-drawing C21D0008060000 during manufacturing of rods or wires C21D0008080000 for concrete reinforcement C21D0008100000 during manufacturing of tubular bodies C21D0008120000 during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties C21D0009000000 Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching, tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor (furnaces in general F27);; C21D0009020000 for springs C21D0009040000 for rails (apparatus for heat treatment of railway rails on the spot E01B0031180000);; C21D0009060000 with diminished tendency to become wavy C21D0009080000 for tubular bodies or pipes C21D0009100000 shotgun barrels C21D0009120000 barrels for ordnance C21D0009140000 wear- or pressure-resistant pipes C21D0009160000 for explosive shells C21D0009180000 for knives, scythes, scissors, or like hand cutting tools C21D0009200000 for blades for skates C21D0009220000 for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools C21D0009240000 for saw blades C21D0009260000 for needles; for teeth for card-clothing C21D0009280000 for plain shafts C21D0009300000 for crankshafts; for camshafts C21D0009320000 for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like C21D0009340000 for tyres; for rims C21D0009360000 for balls; for rollers C21D0009380000 for roll bodies C21D0009400000 for rings; for bearing races C21D0009420000 for armour plate C21D0009440000 for equipment for lining mine shafts, e.g. segments, rings, props C21D0009460000 for sheet metals C21D0009480000 deep-drawing sheets C21D0009500000 for welded joints C21D0009520000 for wires; for strips C21D0009540000 Furnaces for treating strips or wire C21D0009560000 Continuous furnaces for strip or wire C21D0009567000 with heating in fluidised beds C21D0009573000 with cooling C21D0009580000 with heating by baths C21D0009600000 with induction heating C21D0009620000 with direct resistance heating C21D0009630000 the strip being supported by a cushion of gas C21D0009640000 Patenting furnaces C21D0009660000 Tower-type furnaces C21D0009663000 Bell-type furnaces C21D0009665000 inverted or side-facing C21D0009667000 Multi-station furnaces C21D0009670000 adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere C21D0009673000 Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to bell-type furnaces C21D0009675000 Arrangements of charging or discharging devices C21D0009677000 Arrangements of heating devices C21D0009680000 Furnace coilers; Hot coilers (cold coilers B21C);; C21D0009700000 Furnaces for ingots, i.e. soaking pits C21D0010000000 Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation C21D0011000000 Process control or regulation for heat treatments (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C22 METALLURGY (of iron C21);;FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS (general methods or devices for heat treatment of ferrous or non-ferrous metals or alloys C21D;production of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25) C22B PRODUCTION OR REFINING OF METALS (making metallic powder or suspensions thereof B22F0009000000;electrolytic C25); PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS C22B0001000000 Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap (furnaces, sintering apparatus F27B);; C22B0001020000 Roasting processes (C22B0001160000 takes precedence);; C22B0001040000 Blast roasting C22B0001060000 Sulphating roasting C22B0001080000 Chloridising roasting C22B0001100000 in fluidised form C22B0001110000 Removing sulphur, phosphorus or arsenic, other than by roasting C22B0001140000 Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating C22B0001160000 Sintering; Agglomerating C22B0001180000 in sinter pots C22B0001200000 in sintering machines with movable grates C22B0001212000 in tunnel furnaces C22B0001214000 in shaft furnaces C22B0001216000 in rotary furnaces C22B0001220000 in other sintering apparatus C22B0001240000 Binding; Briquetting C22B0001242000 with binders C22B0001243000 inorganic C22B0001244000 organic C22B0001245000 with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates C22B0001248000 of metal scrap or alloys C22B0001260000 Cooling of roasted, sintered, or agglomerated ores C22B0003000000 Extraction of metal compounds from ores by wet methods C22B0003020000 Apparatus therefor C22B0004000000 Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys (general methods of refining or remelting metals C22B0009000000;obtaining iron or steel C21B, C21C) C22B0004020000 Light metals C22B0004040000 Heavy metals C22B0004060000 Alloys C22B0004080000 Apparatus (electric heating elements H05B);; C22B0005000000 General methods of reducing to metals C22B0005020000 Dry methods C22B0005040000 by aluminium, other metals, or silicon C22B0005060000 by carbides or the like C22B0005080000 by sulphides; Roasting reaction methods C22B0005100000 by solid carbonaceous reducing agents C22B0005120000 by gases C22B0005140000 fluidised material C22B0005160000 with volatilisation or condensation of the metal being produced C22B0005180000 Reducing step-by-step C22B0005200000 from metal carbonyls C22B0007000000 Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof C22B0007020000 Working-up flue dust C22B0007040000 Working-up slag C22B0009000000 General methods of refining or remelting metals C22B0009020000 Refining by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling or supersonic wave action C22B0009040000 Refining by applying a vacuum C22B0009050000 Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing C22B0009100000 with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor (C22B0009180000 takes precedence);; C22B0009140000 Refining in the solid state C22B0009160000 Remelting metals (liquating C22B0009020000);; C22B0009180000 Electroslag remelting C22B0009200000 Arc remelting C22B0009220000 with heating by wave energy or particle radiation C22B0011000000 Obtaining noble metals C22B0011020000 by dry processes C22B0011040000 by wet processes C22B0011060000 chloridising C22B0011080000 by cyaniding C22B0011100000 by amalgamating C22B0011120000 Apparatus therefor C22B0013000000 Obtaining lead C22B0013020000 by dry processes C22B0013040000 by wet processes C22B0013060000 Refining C22B0013080000 Separating metals from lead by precipitating, e.g. by Parkes process C22B0013100000 Separating metals from lead by crystallising, e.g. by Pattison process C22B0015000000 Obtaining copper C22B0015020000 in blast furnaces C22B0015040000 in reverberatory furnaces C22B0015060000 in converters C22B0015080000 with leaching with acids and salt solutions C22B0015100000 with leaching with ammonia or ammonia-salt solutions C22B0015120000 by precipitating from solutions C22B0015140000 Refining C22B0017000000 Obtaining cadmium C22B0017020000 by dry process C22B0017040000 by wet process C22B0017060000 Refining C22B0019000000 Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide C22B0019020000 Preliminary treatment of ores; Preliminary refining of zinc oxide C22B0019040000 Obtaining zinc by distilling C22B0019060000 in muffle furnaces C22B0019080000 in blast furnaces C22B0019100000 in reverberatory furnaces C22B0019120000 in crucible furnaces C22B0019140000 in vertical retorts C22B0019160000 Distilling vessels C22B0019180000 Condensers; Receiving vessels C22B0019200000 Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling C22B0019220000 with leaching with acids C22B0019240000 with leaching with alkaline solutions, e.g. ammonia C22B0019260000 Refining solutions obtained by leaching zinc ores C22B0019280000 from muffle furnace residues C22B0019300000 from metallic residues or scraps C22B0019320000 Refining zinc C22B0019340000 Obtaining zinc oxide (purifying zinc oxide C01G0009020000);; C22B0019360000 in blast or reverberatory furnaces C22B0019380000 in rotary furnaces C22B0021000000 Obtaining aluminium C22B0021020000 with reducing C22B0021040000 with alkali metals C22B0021060000 Refining C22B0023000000 Obtaining nickel or cobalt C22B0023020000 by dry processess C22B0023040000 by wet processes C22B0023060000 Refining C22B0025000000 Obtaining tin C22B0025020000 by dry processes C22B0025040000 by wet processes C22B0025060000 from scrap, especially tin scrap (by electrolytic procedure C25C0001140000);; C22B0025080000 Refining C22B0026000000 Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium C22B0026100000 Obtaining alkali metals C22B0026120000 Obtaining lithium C22B0026200000 Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium C22B0026220000 Obtaining magnesium C22B0030000000 Obtaining antimony, arsenic or bismuth C22B0030020000 Obtaining antimony C22B0030040000 Obtaining arsenic C22B0030060000 Obtaining bismuth C22B0034000000 Obtaining refractory metals C22B0034100000 Obtaining titanium, zirconium or hafnium C22B0034120000 Obtaining titanium C22B0034140000 Obtaining zirconium or hafnium C22B0034200000 Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium C22B0034220000 Obtaining vanadium C22B0034240000 Obtaining niobium or tantalum C22B0034300000 Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten C22B0034320000 Obtaining chromium C22B0034340000 Obtaining molybdenum C22B0034360000 Obtaining tungsten C22B0035000000 Obtaining beryllium C22B0041000000 Obtaining germanium C22B0043000000 Obtaining mercury C22B0047000000 Obtaining manganese C22B0058000000 Obtaining gallium or indium C22B0059000000 Obtaining rare-earth metals C22B0060000000 Obtaining metals of atomic number 87 or higher, i.e. radioactive metals C22B0060020000 Obtaining thorium, uranium or other actinides C22B0060040000 Obtaining plutonium C22B0061000000 Obtaining metals not elsewhere provided for in this sub-class (iron C21);; C22C ALLOYS (treatment thereof C21D, C22F);; C22C0001000000 Making alloys (powder-metallurgical apparatus or processes, not specially modified for making alloys B22F;by electrothermic methods C22B0004000000; by electrolysis C25C) C22C0001020000 by melting C22C0001030000 using master alloys C22C0001040000 by powder metallurgy (C22C0001080000, C22C0001090000 take precedence);; C22C0001050000 Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder (C22C0001080000, C22C0001090000 take precedence);; C22C0001060000 with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising C22C0001080000 Alloys with open or closed pores C22C0001090000 Alloys containing metallic or non-metallic fibres or filaments C22C0001100000 Alloys containing non-metals (C22C0001080000, C22C0001090000 take precedence);; C22C0003000000 Removing material from alloys to produce alloys of different constitution C22C0005000000 Alloys based on noble metals C22C0005020000 Alloys based on gold C22C0005040000 Alloys based on a platinum group metal C22C0005060000 Alloys based on silver C22C0005080000 with copper as the next major constituent C22C0005100000 with cadmium as the next major constituent C22C0007000000 Alloys based on mercury C22C0009000000 Alloys based on copper C22C0009010000 with aluminium as the next major constituent C22C0009020000 with tin as the next major constituent C22C0009040000 with zinc as the next major constituent C22C0009050000 with manganese as the next major constituent C22C0009060000 with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent C22C0009080000 with lead as the next major constituent C22C0009100000 with silicon as the next major constituent C22C0011000000 Alloys based on lead C22C0011020000 with an alkali or an alkaline earth metal as the next major constituent C22C0011040000 with copper as the next major constituent C22C0011060000 with tin as the next major constituent C22C0011080000 with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent C22C0011100000 with tin C22C0012000000 Alloys based on antimony or bismuth C22C0013000000 Alloys based on tin C22C0013020000 with antimony or bismuth as the next major constituent C22C0014000000 Alloys based on titanium C22C0016000000 Alloys based on zirconium C22C0018000000 Alloys based on zinc C22C0018020000 with copper as the next major constituent C22C0018040000 with aluminium as the next major constituent C22C0019000000 Alloys based on nickel or cobalt C22C0019030000 based on nickel C22C0019050000 with chromium C22C0019070000 based on cobalt C22C0020000000 Alloys based on cadmium C22C0021000000 Alloys based on aluminium C22C0021020000 with silicon as the next major constituent C22C0021040000 Modified aluminium-silicon alloys C22C0021060000 with magnesium as the next major constituent C22C0021080000 with silicon C22C0021100000 with zinc as the next major constituent C22C0021120000 with copper as the next major constituent C22C0021140000 with silicon C22C0021160000 with magnesium C22C0021180000 with zinc C22C0022000000 Alloys based on manganese C22C0023000000 Alloys based on magnesium C22C0023020000 with aluminium as the next major constituent C22C0023040000 with zinc or cadmium as the next major constituent C22C0023060000 with a rare earth metal as the next major constituent C22C0024000000 Alloys based on an alkali or an alkaline earth metal C22C0025000000 Alloys based on beryllium C22C0027000000 Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups ; C22C0014000000 and C22C0016000000 C22C0027020000 Alloys based on vanadium, niobium or tantalum C22C0027040000 Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum C22C0027060000 Alloys based on chromium C22C0028000000 Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups ; C22C0005000000-C22C0027000000 C22C0029000000 Alloys based on borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides or silicides C22C0030000000 Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent C22C0030020000 containing copper C22C0030040000 containing tin or lead C22C0030060000 containing zinc C22C0032000000 Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of borides, carbides, nitrides, oxides, or silicides, whether added as such or formed ; in situ C22C0033000000 Making ferrous alloys C22C0033020000 by powder metallurgy (working metallic powder B22F);; C22C0033040000 by melting C22C0033060000 using master alloys C22C0033080000 Making cast-iron alloys C22C0033100000 including procedures for adding magnesium C22C0033120000 by fluidised injection C22C0035000000 Master alloys for iron or steel C22C0037000000 Cast-iron alloys C22C0037040000 containing spheroidal graphite C22C0037060000 containing chromium C22C0037080000 with nickel C22C0037100000 containing aluminium or silicon C22C0038000000 Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys (cast-iron alloys C22C0037000000);; C22C0038020000 containing silicon C22C0038040000 containing manganese C22C0038060000 containing aluminium C22C0038080000 containing nickel C22C0038100000 containing cobalt C22C0038120000 containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium or niobium C22C0038140000 containing titanium or zirconium C22C0038160000 containing copper C22C0038180000 containing chromium C22C0038200000 with copper C22C0038220000 with molybdenum or tungsten C22C0038240000 with vanadium C22C0038260000 with niobium or tantalum C22C0038280000 with titanium or zirconium C22C0038300000 with cobalt C22C0038320000 with boron C22C0038340000 with more than 1.5% by weight of silicon C22C0038360000 with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon C22C0038380000 with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese C22C0038400000 with nickel C22C0038420000 with copper C22C0038440000 with molybdenum or tungsten C22C0038460000 with vanadium C22C0038480000 with niobium or tantalum C22C0038500000 with titanium or zirconium C22C0038520000 with cobalt C22C0038540000 with boron C22C0038560000 with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon C22C0038580000 with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese C22C0038600000 containing lead, selenium, tellurium or antimony, or more than 0.04% by weight of sulphur C22C0043000000 Alloys containing radioactive materials C22F CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS C22F0001000000 Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working (apparatus for mechanical working of metal B21, B23, B24, e.g. shot-peening apparatus B24C);; C22F0001020000 in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum (adjusting the composition of the atmosphere C21D0001760000);; C22F0001040000 of aluminium or alloys based thereon C22F0001060000 of magnesium or alloys based thereon C22F0001080000 of copper or alloys based thereon C22F0001100000 of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon C22F0001110000 of chromium or alloys based thereon C22F0001120000 of lead or alloys based thereon C22F0001140000 of noble metals or alloys based thereon C22F0001160000 of other metals or alloys based thereon C22F0001180000 high-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon C22F0003000000 Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons C22F0003020000 by solidifying a melt controlled by supersonic waves or electric or magnetic fields C23 WORKING OR TREATMENT OF METALS, OTHER THAN BY MECHANICAL MEANS; COVERING MATERIALS WITH METALS (decorating textiles by metallising D06Q0001040000);;INHIBITING CORROSION OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL (treating metal surfaces or coating of metals by electrolysis or electrophoresis C25D, C25F);; C23C APPARATUS AND PROCESSES FOR WHICH PROVISION IS NOT MADE ELSEWHERE, e.g. IN CLASSES ; B05, B44; OR IN SUB-CLASSES C03C, C23D, C23F, C25D, F27B, FOR COVERING METALS OR COVERING OTHER MATERIALS WITH METALSDIFFUSION PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALS C23C0001000000 Covering by treatment with liquid metal, e.g. hot dipping processes (metal spraying C23C0007000000);; C23C0001020000 Covering with zinc or cadmium or alloys thereof C23C0001040000 Covering with tin or alloys thereof C23C0001060000 Covering with lead or alloys thereof C23C0001080000 Covering with aluminium or alloys thereof C23C0001100000 Covering with other metals or alloys C23C0001120000 Fluxes or coverings for molten metal baths C23C0001140000 Apparatus (furnaces F27);; C23C0001160000 Rubbing the surface with the molten metal C23C0003000000 Covering with metals by treatment with solutions or suspensions of metal compounds C23C0003020000 in the presence of reducing agents C23C0003040000 followed by thermal decomposition of the metal compound C23C0005000000 Cladding (mechanical part in the appropriate metal-working classes, e.g. B23K0020000000);; C23C0007000000 Metal spraying (apparatus B05B, processes B05D);; C23C0009000000 Cementation by diffusion processes using solids or liquids C23C0009020000 Box coating with metals, i.e. heating the workpiece in metal dust C23C0009040000 Box coating with substances other than metals C23C0009060000 Box carburising C23C0009080000 of iron C23C0009100000 Cementation by hot dipping in molten salts, e.g. carburising, nitriding, carbo-nitriding C23C0009120000 Carburising iron C23C0009140000 Nitriding iron C23C0009160000 Carbo-nitriding iron C23C0011000000 Gas plating by thermal decomposition or reduction of gases on heated surfaces or by glow or arc discharge followed by diffusion into the surfaces C23C0011020000 to form metal coatings, e.g. by carbonyl processes C23C0011040000 Chromising C23C0011060000 Siliconising C23C0011080000 to form coatings of inorganic compounds of metals C23C0011100000 Gas carburising C23C0011120000 of iron C23C0011140000 Gas nitriding; Gas carbo-nitriding C23C0011160000 Nitriding iron C23C0011180000 Carbo-nitriding iron C23C0013000000 Forming coatings on metals by condensation of vapours, e.g. in vacuo; Forming coatings on materials by condensation of metal vapours C23C0013020000 coatings of metals C23C0013040000 coatings of materials other than metals C23C0013060000 Making contoured surfaces, e.g. shadow casting C23C0013080000 Apparatus (furnaces F27);; C23C0013100000 for continuous working C23C0013120000 Vapour sources, e.g. filament heaters, crucibles, electron bombardment heating apparatus (for gettering in electric discharge tubes H01J0007180000);; C23C0015000000 Cathodic sputtering; Apparatus therefor (electric discharge tubes therefor H01J0037340000, H01J0037360000);; C23C0017000000 Methods not covered elsewhere for coating materials with metals C23C0017020000 by reducing non-metallic coatings to metal C23D ENAMELLING OF, AND APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS (chemical composition of the enamels C03C);; C23D0001000000 Melting or fritting the enamels; Apparatus and furnaces therefor C23D0001020000 Granulating the melt; Drying the granules C23D0003000000 Chemical treatment of the metal surfaces prior to coating (cleaning and de-greasing of metallic objects C23G);; C23D0005000000 Coating with enamels or vitreous layers including applying fused refractory layers C23D0005020000 by wet methods C23D0005040000 by dry methods C23D0005060000 producing designs or letters C23D0005080000 Applying enamels non-uniformly over the surface C23D0005100000 with refractory materials C23D0007000000 Treating the coatings, e.g. drying before burning C23D0009000000 Ovens specially adapted for firing enamels C23D0009020000 Non-electric muffle furnaces C23D0009040000 Non-electric tunnel ovens C23D0009060000 Electric furnaces C23D0009080000 Supporting devices for burning-bars C23D0009100000 Loading or unloading devices C23D0011000000 Continuous processes; Apparatus therefor C23D0013000000 After-treatment of the enamelled articles C23D0013020000 Removing defects by local re-melting of the enamel; Adjusting the shape C23D0015000000 Joining enamelled articles to other enamelled articles by processes involving an enamelling step C23D0017000000 De-enamelling C23F CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALS NOT COVERED BY SUB-CLASSES ; C23D, C25D; INHIBITING CORROSION OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL C23F0001000000 Etching metals by chemical means (manufacture of printing surfaces B41C;etching compositions C09K0013000000; electrolytic etching C25F0003000000) C23F0001020000 Local etching C23F0001040000 Chemical milling C23F0001060000 Sharpening files C23F0001080000 Apparatus, e.g. for photomechanical printing surfaces (photomechanical reproduction G03F);; C23F0003000000 Brightening metals by chemical means (brightening compositions C09K0013000000);; C23F0003020000 light metals C23F0003040000 heavy metals C23F0005000000 Forming coloured layers on metal surfaces (C23F0007000000 takes precedence);; C23F0005020000 with inorganic colouring matters C23F0005040000 with organic colouring matters C23F0007000000 Forming non-metallic layers on metals by surface reactions (diffusion processes C23C);; C23F0007020000 Forming oxide layers C23F0007040000 on iron or steel C23F0007060000 on light metals C23F0007080000 Forming phosphate layers C23F0007100000 on iron or steel C23F0007120000 on copper, brass, zinc, or tin C23F0007140000 on light metals C23F0007160000 on magnesium C23F0007180000 Forming oxalate layers C23F0007200000 on iron or steel C23F0007220000 on light metals C23F0007240000 Forming sulphide layers C23F0007260000 Forming chromate layers C23F0009000000 Passivating metals C23F0009020000 iron or steel C23F0011000000 Inhibiting corrosion by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent (adding inhibitors to mineral oil, fuels, or lubricants C10;adding inhibitors to pickling solutions C23G) C23F0011020000 in air or gases by adding vapour phase inhibitors C23F0011040000 in markedly acid liquids C23F0011060000 in markedly alkaline liquids C23F0011080000 in other liquids C23F0011100000 using organic inhibitors C23F0011120000 oxygen-containing compounds C23F0011140000 nitrogen-containing compounds C23F0011160000 compounds containing sulphur or phosphorus C23F0011180000 using inorganic inhibitors C23F0013000000 Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection C23F0014000000 Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes (adding scale preventives or removers to water C02F0005000000);; C23F0014020000 by chemical means C23F0015000000 Other methods of preventing corrosion or incrustation C23F0017000000 Multi-step processes for chemical or physical, i.e. non-mechanical, surface treatment of or with metals, in which at least one step is a process covered in ; C21D, C22F; or C23 C23G CLEANING AND DE-GREASING OF METALLIC OBJECTS BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS (polishing compositions C09G;detergents in general C11D) C23G0001000000 Cleaning or pickling metals with solutions or molten salts (with organic solvents C23G0005020000);; C23G0001020000 with acid solutions C23G0001040000 using inhibitors C23G0001060000 organic inhibitors C23G0001080000 iron or steel C23G0001100000 other heavy metals C23G0001120000 light metals C23G0001140000 with alkaline solutions C23G0001160000 using inhibitors C23G0001180000 organic inhibitors C23G0001200000 heavy metals C23G0001220000 light metals C23G0001240000 with neutral solutions C23G0001260000 using inhibitors C23G0001280000 with molten salts C23G0001300000 using inhibitors C23G0001320000 heavy metals C23G0001340000 light metals C23G0001360000 Regeneration of waste pickling liquors C23G0003000000 Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metals (apparatus for continuously conveying articles into baths B65G);; C23G0003020000 for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously C23G0003040000 for cleaning pipes C23G0005000000 Cleaning or de-greasing metals by other methods C23G0005020000 using organic solvents C23G0005040000 Apparatus C25 ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR (electrodialysis, electro-osmosis, separation of liquids by electricity B01D;electrolytic machining B23P; electroless, i. e. chemical, plating C23C; anodic or cathodic protection C23F; electrolytic production of single crystals C30B; electrochemical methods of analysis G01N; electrochemical measuring, indicating or recording devices G01R; electrolytic circuit elements, e.g. capacitors, H01G; electrochemical current or voltage generators H01M) C25B ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR C25B0001000000 Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals C25B0001020000 of hydrogen or oxygen C25B0001040000 by electrolysis of water C25B0001060000 in cells with flat or platelike electrodes C25B0001080000 of the filter-press type C25B0001100000 in diaphragm cells C25B0001120000 in pressure cells C25B0001140000 of alkali metal compounds C25B0001160000 Hydroxides C25B0001180000 of alkaline earth metal compounds or magnesium compounds C25B0001200000 Hydroxides C25B0001220000 of inorganic acids C25B0001240000 of halogens or compounds thereof C25B0001260000 Chlorine; Compounds thereof C25B0001280000 of per-compounds C25B0001300000 Peroxides C25B0001320000 Perborates C25B0001340000 Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, its oxyacids or salts C25B0001360000 in mercury cathode cells C25B0001380000 with vertical mercury cathode C25B0001400000 with horizontal mercury cathode C25B0001420000 Decomposition of amalgams C25B0001440000 with the aid of catalysts C25B0001460000 in diaphragm cells C25B0003000000 Electrolytic production of organic compounds C25B0003020000 by oxidation C25B0003040000 by reduction C25B0003060000 by halogenation C25B0003080000 by fluorination C25B0003100000 by coupling reactions, e.g. dimerisation C25B0003120000 of organometallic compounds C25B0005000000 Electrogenerative processes, i.e. processes for producing compounds in which simultaneously electricity is generated C25B0007000000 Electrophoretic production of compounds or non-metals C25B0009000000 Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells (C25B0011000000, C25B0013000000 take precedence);; C25B0009020000 Holders for electrodes C25B0009040000 Devices for current supply (electrical connections per se H01R);;Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections C25B0011000000 Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for C25B0011020000 characterised by shape or form C25B0011030000 perforated or foraminous C25B0011040000 characterised by the material C25B0011060000 by the catalytic materials used (catalysts in general B01J);; C25B0011080000 Noble metals C25B0011100000 Electrodes based on barrier-type metals, e.g. titanium C25B0011120000 Electrodes based on carbon (carbon masses in general C04B0035520000);; C25B0011140000 Impregnation of carbon electrodes (C25B0011060000 takes precedence);; C25B0011160000 Electrodes based on manganese dioxide or lead dioxide C25B0011180000 Mercury or amalgam electrodes C25B0013000000 Diaphragms; Spacing elements C25B0013020000 characterised by form or shape C25B0013040000 characterised by the material C25B0013060000 based on asbestos C25B0013080000 based on organic materials C25B0015000000 Operating or servicing of cells C25B0015020000 Process control or regulation (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C25B0015040000 Regulation of the inter-electrode distance (electro-machining B23P);; C25B0015060000 Detection or inhibition of short circuits in the cell C25B0015080000 Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes C25C PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR C25C0001000000 Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of solutions (C25C0005000000 takes precedence);; C25C0001020000 of light metals C25C0001040000 in mercury cathode cells C25C0001060000 of iron group metals or refractory metals C25C0001080000 of nickel or cobalt C25C0001100000 of chromium or manganese C25C0001120000 of copper C25C0001140000 of tin C25C0001160000 of zinc, cadmium or mercury C25C0001180000 of lead C25C0001200000 of noble metals C25C0001220000 of metals not provided for in groups ; C25C0001020000-C25C0001200000 C25C0001240000 Alloys obtained by cathodic reduction of all their ions C25C0003000000 Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts (C25C0005000000 takes precedence);; C25C0003020000 of alkali or alkaline earth metals C25C0003040000 of magnesium C25C0003060000 of aluminium C25C0003080000 Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls C25C0003100000 External supporting frames or structures C25C0003120000 Anodes C25C0003140000 Devices for feeding or crust breaking C25C0003160000 Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars C25C0003180000 Electrolytes C25C0003200000 Automatic control or regulation of cells (controlling or regulating per se G05);; C25C0003220000 Collecting emitted gases C25C0003240000 Refining C25C0003260000 of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, tantalum or vanadium C25C0003280000 of titanium C25C0003300000 of manganese C25C0003320000 of chromium C25C0003340000 of metals not provided for in groups ; C25C0003020000-C25C0003320000 C25C0003360000 Alloys obtained by cathodic reduction of all their ions C25C0005000000 Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metal powders or porous metal masses C25C0005020000 from solutions C25C0005040000 from melts C25C0007000000 Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells; Servicing or operating of cells (for the production of aluminium C25C0003060000-C25C0003220000); C25C0007020000 Electrodes (consumable anodes for the refining of metals C25C0001000000-C25C0005000000);Connections thereof C25C0007040000 Diaphragms; Spacing elements C25C0007060000 Operating or servicing C25C0007080000 Separating of deposited metals from the cathode C25D PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING (printed circuits by metal deposition H05K0003180000);;APPARATUS THEREFOR C25D0001000000 Electroforming C25D0001020000 Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies C25D0001040000 Wires; Strips; Foils C25D0001060000 Wholly-metallic mirrors C25D0001080000 Perforated or foraminous objects, e.g. sieves (C25D0001100000 takes precedence);; C25D0001100000 Moulds; Masks; Masterforms C25D0001120000 by electrophoresis C25D0001140000 of inorganic material C25D0001160000 Metals C25D0001180000 of organic material C25D0001200000 Separation of the formed objects from the electrodes C25D0001220000 Separating compounds C25D0003000000 Electroplating; Baths therefor C25D0003020000 from solutions (C25D0005240000-C25D0005320000; take precedence);; C25D0003040000 of chromium C25D0003060000 from solutions of trivalent chromium C25D0003080000 Deposition of black chromium C25D0003100000 characterised by the organic bath constituents used C25D0003120000 of nickel or cobalt C25D0003140000 from baths containing acetylenic or heterocyclic compounds C25D0003160000 Acetylenic compounds C25D0003180000 Heterocyclic compounds C25D0003200000 of iron C25D0003220000 of zinc C25D0003240000 from cyanide baths C25D0003260000 of cadmium C25D0003280000 from cyanide baths C25D0003300000 of tin C25D0003320000 characterised by the organic bath constituents used C25D0003340000 of lead C25D0003360000 characterised by the organic bath constituents used C25D0003380000 of copper C25D0003400000 from cyanide baths C25D0003420000 of light metals C25D0003440000 Aluminium C25D0003460000 of silver C25D0003480000 of gold C25D0003500000 of platinum group metals C25D0003520000 characterised by the organic bath constituents used C25D0003540000 of metals not provided for in groups ; C25D0003040000-C25D0003500000 C25D0003560000 of alloys C25D0003580000 containing more than 50% by weight of copper C25D0003600000 containing more than 50% by weight of tin C25D0003620000 containing more than 50% by weight of gold C25D0003640000 containing more than 50% by weight of silver C25D0003660000 from melts C25D0005000000 Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces C25D0005020000 Electroplating of selected surface areas C25D0005040000 Electroplating with moving electrodes C25D0005060000 Brush or pad plating C25D0005080000 Electroplating with moving electrolyte, e.g. jet electroplating C25D0005100000 Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals (for bearings C25D0007100000);; C25D0005120000 at least one layer being of nickel or chromium C25D0005140000 two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers C25D0005160000 Electroplating with layers of varying thickness C25D0005180000 Electroplating using modulated, pulsed or reversing current C25D0005200000 Electroplating using ultrasonics C25D0005220000 Electroplating combined with mechanical treatment during the deposition C25D0005240000 Electroplating of metal surfaces to which a coating cannot readily be applied (C25D0005340000 takes precedence);; C25D0005260000 of iron or steel surfaces C25D0005280000 of surfaces of refractory metals C25D0005300000 of surfaces of light metals C25D0005320000 of surfaces of actinides C25D0005340000 Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated C25D0005360000 of iron or steel C25D0005380000 of refractory metals or nickel C25D0005400000 Nickel; Chromium C25D0005420000 of light metals C25D0005440000 Aluminium C25D0005460000 of actinides C25D0005480000 After-treatment of electroplated surfaces C25D0005500000 by heat-treatment C25D0005520000 by brightening or burnishing C25D0005540000 Electroplating of non-metallic surfaces (C25D0007120000 takes precedence);; C25D0005560000 of plastics C25D0007000000 Electroplating characterised by the article coated C25D0007020000 Slide fasteners C25D0007040000 Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies C25D0007060000 Wires; Strips; Foils C25D0007080000 Mirrors; Reflectors C25D0007100000 Bearings C25D0007120000 Semiconductors C25D0009000000 Electrolytic coating other than with metals (C25D0011000000, C25D0015000000 take precedence;eletrophoretic coating C25D0013000000) C25D0009020000 with organic materials C25D0009040000 with inorganic materials C25D0009060000 by anodic processes C25D0009080000 by cathodic processes C25D0009100000 on iron or steel C25D0009120000 on light metals C25D0011000000 Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers C25D0011020000 Anodisation C25D0011040000 of aluminium or alloys based thereon C25D0011060000 characterised by the electrolytes used C25D0011080000 containing inorganic acids C25D0011100000 containing organic acids C25D0011120000 Anodising more than once, e.g. in different baths C25D0011140000 Producing integrally coloured layers C25D0011160000 Pretreatment C25D0011180000 After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing (lacquering B44D);; C25D0011200000 Electrolytic after-treatment C25D0011220000 for colouring layers C25D0011240000 Chemical after-treatment C25D0011260000 of refractory metals or alloys based thereon C25D0011280000 of actinides or alloys based thereon C25D0011300000 of magnesium or alloys based thereon C25D0011320000 of semiconducting materials C25D0011340000 of metals or alloys not provided for in groups ; C25D0011040000-C25D0011320000 C25D0011360000 Phosphatising C25D0011380000 Chromatising C25D0013000000 Electrophoretic coating (C25D0015000000 takes precedence;apparatus for continuously conveying articles into baths B65G, e.g. B65G0049000000) C25D0013020000 with inorganic material C25D0013040000 with organic material C25D0013060000 polymers C25D0013080000 by polymerisation ; in situ of monomeric materials C25D0013100000 characterised by the additives used C25D0013120000 characterised by the article coated C25D0013140000 Tubes; Rings; Hollow bodies C25D0013160000 Wires; Strips; Foils C25D0013180000 using modulated, pulsed or reversing current C25D0013200000 Pretreatment C25D0013220000 Servicing or operating C25D0013240000 Regeneration of process liquids C25D0015000000 Electrolytic or electrophoretic production of coatings containing embedded materials, e.g. particles, whiskers, wires C25D0015020000 Combined electrolytic and electrophoretic processes C25D0017000000 Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating (apparatus for continuously conveying articles into baths B65G, e.g. B65G0049000000;electric devices, see the relevant classes, e.g. H01B, H02G) C25D0017020000 Tanks; Installations therefor C25D0017040000 External supporting frames or structures C25D0017060000 Suspending or supporting devices for articles to be coated C25D0017080000 Racks C25D0017100000 Electrodes C25D0017120000 Shape or form (C25D0017140000 takes precedence);; C25D0017140000 for pad-plating C25D0017160000 Apparatus for electrolytic coating of small objects in bulk C25D0017180000 having closed containers C25D0017200000 Horizontal barrels C25D0017220000 having open containers C25D0017240000 Oblique barrels C25D0017260000 Oscillating baskets C25D0017280000 with means for moving the objects individually through the apparatus during the treatment C25D0019000000 Electrolytic coating plants C25D0021000000 Processes for servicing or operating cells for electrolytic coating C25D0021020000 Heating or cooling C25D0021040000 Removal of gases or vapours C25D0021060000 Filtering C25D0021080000 Rinsing C25D0021100000 Agitating of electrolytes; Moving of racks C25D0021110000 Use of protective surface layers on electrolytic baths C25D0021120000 Process control or regulation (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C25D0021140000 Controlled addition of electrolyte components C25D0021160000 Regeneration of process solutions C25D0021180000 of electrolytes (C25D0021220000 takes precedence);; C25D0021200000 of rinse-solutions (C25D0021220000 takes precedence);; C25D0021220000 by ion-exchange C25F PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS C25F0001000000 Electrolytic cleaning, degreasing, pickling, or descaling C25F0001020000 Pickling; Descaling C25F0001040000 in solution C25F0001060000 of iron or steel C25F0001080000 of refractory metals C25F0001100000 of actinides C25F0001120000 in melts C25F0001140000 of iron or steel C25F0001160000 of refractory metals C25F0001180000 of actinides C25F0003000000 Electrolytic etching or polishing C25F0003020000 Etching C25F0003040000 of light metals C25F0003060000 of iron or steel C25F0003080000 of refractory metals C25F0003100000 of actinides C25F0003120000 of semiconducting materials C25F0003140000 locally C25F0003160000 Polishing C25F0003180000 of light metals C25F0003200000 of aluminium C25F0003220000 of heavy metals C25F0003240000 of iron or steel C25F0003260000 of refractory metals C25F0003280000 of actinides C25F0003300000 of semiconducting materials C25F0005000000 Electrolytic stripping of metallic layers or coatings C25F0007000000 Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic removal of material from objects (for both electrolytic coating and removal C25D);;Servicing or operating C25F0007020000 Regeneration of process liquids C30 CRYSTAL GROWTH (separation by crystallisation in general B01D0009000000);; C30B SINGLE-CRYSTAL GROWTH (by using ultra-high pressure, e.g. for the formation of diamonds B01J0003060000);;UNIDIRECTIONAL SOLIDIFICATION OF EUTECTIC MATERIALS OR UNIDIRECTIONAL DEMIXING OF EUTECTOID MATERIALS; AFTER-TREATMENT OF SINGLE CRYSTALS (for producing semi-conductor devices or parts thereof H01L);;DOPING PROCESSES FOR CRYSTALS IN GENERAL (for producing semi-conductor devices or parts thereof H01L);;REFINING BY ZONE-MELTING OF MATERIALS IN GENERAL (zone-refining of metals or alloys C22B);;APPARATUS THEREFOR C30B0001000000 Single-crystal growth directly from the solid state (unidirectional demixing of eutectoid materials C30B0003000000;under a protective fluid C30B0027000000) C30B0001020000 by thermal treatment, e.g. strain annealing (C30B0001120000 takes precedence);; C30B0001040000 Isothermal recrystallisation C30B0001060000 Recrystallisation under a temperature gradient C30B0001080000 Zone recrystallisation C30B0001100000 by solid state reactions or multi-phase diffusion C30B0001120000 by pressure treatment during the growth C30B0003000000 Unidirectional demixing of eutectoid materials C30B0005000000 Single-crystal growth from gels (under a protective fluid C30B0027000000);; C30B0005020000 with addition of doping material Single-crystal growth from liquids; Unidirectional solidification of eutectic materials C30B0007000000 Single-crystal growth from solutions using solvents which are liquid at normal temperature, e.g. aqueous solutions (from molten solvents C30B0009000000;by normal or gradient freezing C30B0011000000; under a protective fluid C30B0027000000) C30B0007020000 by evaporation of the solvent C30B0007040000 using aqueous solvents C30B0007060000 using non-aqueous solvents C30B0007080000 by cooling of the solution C30B0007100000 by application of pressure, e.g. hydrothermal processes C30B0007120000 by electrolysis C30B0007140000 the crystallising material being formed by chemical reactions in the solution C30B0009000000 Single-crystal growth from melt solutions using molten solvents (by normal or gradient freezing C30B0011000000;by zone-melting C30B0013000000; by crystal pulling C30B0015000000; on immersed seed crystal C30B0017000000; by liquid phase epitaxial growth C30B0019000000; under a protective fluid C30B0027000000) C30B0009020000 by evaporation of the molten solvent C30B0009040000 by cooling of the solution C30B0009060000 using as solvent a component of the crystal composition C30B0009080000 using other solvents C30B0009100000 Metal solvents C30B0009120000 Salt solvents, e.g. flux growth C30B0009140000 by electrolysis C30B0011000000 Single-crystal-growth by normal freezing or freezing under temperature gradient, e.g. Bridgman-Stockbarger method (C30B0013000000, C30B0015000000, C30B0017000000, C30B0019000000 take precedence;under a protective fluid C30B0027000000) C30B0011020000 without using solvents (C30B0011060000 takes precedence);; C30B0011040000 adding crystallising material or reactants forming it ; in situ to the melt C30B0011060000 at least one but not all components of the crystal composition being added C30B0011080000 every component of the crystal composition being added during the crystallisation C30B0011100000 Solid or liquid components, e.g. Verneuil method C30B0011120000 Vaporous components, e.g. vapour-liquid-solid-growth C30B0011140000 characterised by the seed, e.g. its crystallographic orientation C30B0013000000 Single-crystal growth by zone-melting; Refining by zone-melting (C30B0017000000 takes precedence;by changing the cross-section of the treated solid C30B0015000000; under a protective fluid C30B0027000000; zone-refining of specific materials, see the relevant sub-classes for the materials); C30B0013020000 Zone-melting with a solvent, e.g. travelling solvent process C30B0013040000 Homogenisation by zone-levelling C30B0013060000 the molten zone not extending over the whole cross-section C30B0013080000 adding crystallising material or reactants forming it ; in situ to the molten zone C30B0013100000 with addition of doping material C30B0013120000 in the gaseous or vapour state C30B0013140000 Crucibles or vessels C30B0013160000 Heating of the molten zone C30B0013180000 the heating element being in contact with, or immersed in, the molten zone C30B0013200000 by induction, e.g. hot wire technique (C30B0013180000 takes precedence;induction coils H05B0006360000) C30B0013220000 by irradiation or electric discharge C30B0013240000 using electromagnetic waves C30B0013260000 Stirring of the molten zone C30B0013280000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C30B0013300000 Stabilisation or shape controlling of the molten zone, e.g. by concentrators, by electromagnetic fields; Controlling the section of the crystal C30B0013320000 Mechanisms for moving either the charge or the heater C30B0013340000 characterised by the seed, e.g. by its crystallographic orientation C30B0015000000 Single-crystal growth by pulling from a melt, e.g. Czochralski method (under a protective fluid C30B0027000000);; C30B0015020000 adding crystallising material or reactants forming it ; in situ to the melt C30B0015040000 adding doping material, e.g. for n; p-junction C30B0015060000 Non-vertical pulling C30B0015080000 Downward pulling C30B0015100000 Crucibles or containers for supporting the melt C30B0015120000 Double crucible methods C30B0015140000 Heating of the melt or the crystallised material C30B0015160000 by irradiation or electric discharge C30B0015180000 using direct resistance heating in addition to other methods of heating, e.g. using Peltier heat C30B0015200000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C30B0015220000 Stabilisation or shape controlling of the molten zone near the pulled crystal; Controlling the section of the crystal C30B0015240000 using mechanical means, e.g. shaping guides (shaping dies for edge-defined film-fed crystal growth C30B0015340000);; C30B0015260000 using television detectors; using photo or X-ray detectors C30B0015280000 using weight changes of the crystal or the melt, e.g. flotation methods C30B0015300000 Mechanisms for rotating or moving either the melt or the crystal (flotation methods C30B0015280000);; C30B0015320000 Seed holders, e.g. chucks C30B0015340000 Edge-defined film-fed crystal growth using dies or slits C30B0015360000 characterised by the seed, e.g. its crystallographic orientation C30B0017000000 Single-crystal growth on to a seed which remains in the melt during growth, e.g. Nacken-Kyropoulos method (C30B0015000000 takes precedence);; C30B0019000000 Liquid-phase epitaxial-layer growth C30B0019020000 using molten solvents, e.g. flux C30B0019040000 the solvent being a component of the crystal composition C30B0019060000 Reaction chambers; Boats for supporting the melt; Substrate holders C30B0019080000 Heating of the reaction chamber or the substrate C30B0019100000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C30B0019120000 characterised by the substrate C30B0021000000 Unidirectional solidification of eutectic materials C30B0021020000 by normal casting or gradient freezing C30B0021040000 by zone-melting C30B0021060000 by pulling from a melt Single-crystal growth from vapours C30B0023000000 Single-crystal growth by condensing evaporated or sublimed material C30B0023020000 Epitaxial-layer growth C30B0023040000 Pattern deposit, e.g. by using masks C30B0023060000 Heating of the deposition chamber, the substrate, or the material to be evaporated C30B0023080000 by condensing ionised vapours (by reactive sputtering C30B0025060000);; C30B0025000000 Single-crystal growth by chemical reaction of reactive gases, e.g. chemical vapour-deposition growth C30B0025020000 Epitaxial-layer growth C30B0025040000 Pattern deposit, e.g. by using masks C30B0025060000 by reactive sputtering C30B0025080000 Reaction chambers; Selection of material therefor C30B0025100000 Heating of the reaction chamber or the substrate C30B0025120000 Substrate holders or susceptors C30B0025140000 Feed and outlet means for the gases; Modifying the flow of the reactive gases C30B0025160000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C30B0025180000 characterised by the substrate C30B0025200000 the substrate being of the same material as the epitaxial layer C30B0025220000 Sandwich processes C30B0027000000 Single-crystal growth under a protective fluid C30B0027020000 by pulling from a melt C30B0029000000 Single crystals characterised by the material or by their shape C30B0029020000 Elements C30B0029040000 Diamond C30B0029060000 Silicon C30B0029080000 Germanium C30B0029100000 Inorganic compounds or compositions C30B0029120000 Halides C30B0029140000 Phosphates C30B0029160000 Oxides C30B0029180000 Quartz C30B0029200000 Aluminium oxides C30B0029220000 Complex oxides C30B0029240000 with formula AMeO; 3 , wherein A is a rare earth metal and Me is Fe, Ga, Sc, Cr, Co, or Al, e.g. ortho ferrites C30B0029260000 with formula BMe; 2O4 , wherein B is Mg, Ni, Co, Al, Zn or Cd and Me is Fe, Ga, Sc, Cr, Co, or Al C30B0029280000 with formula A; 3Me5O12 , wherein A is a rare earth metal and Me is Fe, Ga, Sc, Cr, Co or Al, e.g. garnets C30B0029300000 Niobates; Vanadates; Tantalates C30B0029320000 Titanates; Germanates; Molybdates; Tungstates C30B0029340000 Silicates C30B0029360000 Carbides C30B0029380000 Nitrides C30B0029400000 AIIIBV compounds C30B0029420000 Gallium arsenide C30B0029440000 Gallium phosphide C30B0029460000 Sulphur-, selenium- or tellurium-containing compounds C30B0029480000 AIIBVI compounds C30B0029500000 Cadmium sulphide C30B0029520000 Alloys C30B0029540000 Organic compounds C30B0029560000 Tartrates C30B0029580000 Macromolecular compounds C30B0029600000 characterised by shape C30B0029620000 Whiskers or needles After-treatment of single crystals C30B0031000000 Diffusion or doping processes for single crystals; Apparatus therefor C30B0031020000 by contacting with diffusion material in the solid state C30B0031040000 by contacting with diffusion material in the liquid state C30B0031060000 by contacting with diffusion material in the gaseous state (C30B0031180000 takes precedence);; C30B0031080000 the diffusion material being a compound of the elements to be diffused C30B0031100000 Reaction chambers; Selection of material therefor C30B0031120000 Heating of the reaction chamber C30B0031140000 Substrate holders or susceptors C30B0031160000 Feed and outlet means for the gases; Modifying the flow of the gases C30B0031180000 Controlling or regulating (controlling or regulating in general G05);; C30B0031200000 Doping by irradiation with electromagnetic waves or by particle radiation C30B0031220000 by ion-implantation C30B0033000000 After-treatment of single crystals (C30B0031000000 takes precedence;grinding, polishing B24; mechanical fine working of gems, jewels, crystals B28D0005000000) C30B0035000000 Apparatus in general, specially adapted for single-crystal-growth, diffusion, or doping processes