|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

ENGINEERING IN GENERAL

|  | F16 |
ENGINEERING ELEMENTS OR UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS

|  | F16F |
SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION

|  | F16F 1/00 |
Springs (working with fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/00; clockwork springs Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G04B 1/14, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G04B 17/04-G04B 17/10)

|  | F16F 1/02 |
· | made of steel or other material having low internal friction

|  | F16F 1/04 |
· · | Wound springs

|  | F16F 1/06 |
· · · | with turns lying in cylindrical surfaces

|  | F16F 1/08 |
· · · | with turns lying in mainly conical surfaces

|  | F16F 1/10 |
· · · | Spiral springs with turns lying substantially in plane surfaces

|  | F16F 1/12 |
· · · | Attachments or mountings

|  | F16F 1/14 |
· · | Torsion springs consisting of bars or tubes

|  | F16F 1/16 |
· · · | Attachments or mountings

|  | F16F 1/18 |
· · | Leaf springs

|  | F16F 1/20 |
· · · | with layers, e.g. anti-friction layers, or with rollers between the leaves

|  | F16F 1/22 |
· · · | with means for modifying the spring characteristic

|  | F16F 1/24 |
· · · | Lubrication; Covers, e.g. for retaining lubricant

|  | F16F 1/26 |
· · · | Attachments or mountings

|  | F16F 1/28 |
· · · · | comprising cylindrical metal pins pivoted in close-fitting sleeves

|  | F16F 1/30 |
· · · · | comprising intermediate pieces made of rubber or similar elastic material

|  | F16F 1/32 |
· · | Cup springs; Dished disc springs (diaphragms Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16J 3/00)

|  | F16F 1/34 |
· · | Ring springs, i.e. annular bodies deformed radially due to axial load

|  | F16F 1/36 |
· | made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber, plastic, cork, steel wool, compressed hair

|  | F16F 1/37 |
· · | of foam-like material, e.g. sponge rubber

|  | F16F 1/38 |
· · | with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin

|  | F16F 1/40 |
· · | consisting of a stack of similar elements separated by non-elastic intermediate layers

|  | F16F 1/42 |
· · | characterised by the mode of stressing

|  | F16F 1/44 |
· · · | loaded mainly in compression

|  | F16F 1/46 |
· · · | loaded mainly in tension

|  | F16F 1/48 |
· · · | loaded mainly in torsion

|  | F16F 1/50 |
· · · | loaded mainly in shear

|  | F16F 1/52 |
· · · | loaded in combined stresses

|  | F16F 1/54 |
· · · · | loaded in compression and shear

|  | F16F 3/00 |
Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic (including fluid springs Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 13/00)

|  | F16F 3/02 |
· | with springs made of steel or of other material having low internal friction

|  | F16F 3/04 |
· · | composed only of wound springs

|  | F16F 3/06 |
· · · | of which some are placed around others in such a way that they damp each other by mutual friction

|  | F16F 3/07 |
· · | combined with chambers filled with gas or liquid

|  | F16F 3/08 |
· | with springs made of a material having high internal friction, e.g. rubber

|  | F16F 3/10 |
· · | combined with springs made of steel or other material having low internal friction

|  | F16F 5/00 |
Liquid springs in which the liquid works as a spring by compression, e.g. combined with throttling action; Combinations of devices including liquid springs

|  | F16F 6/00 |
Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs

|  | F16F 7/00 |
Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers (using fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/00; specific for rotary systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/10)

|  | F16F 7/02 |
· | with relatively-rotatable friction surfaces that are pressed together (if one of the members being a spring Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 13/02)

|  | F16F 7/04 |
· · | in the direction of the axis of rotation

|  | F16F 7/06 |
· · | in a direction perpendicular or inclined to the axis of rotation

|  | F16F 7/08 |
· | with friction surfaces rectilinearly movable along each other

|  | F16F 7/10 |
· | using inertia effect

|  | F16F 7/12 |
· | using plastic deformation of members

|  | F16F 7/14 |
· | of cable-support type, i.e. frictionally-engaged loop-forming cables

|  | F16F 9/00 |
Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00 takes precedence; door-operating appliances with fluid braking systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E05F)

|  | F16F 9/02 |
· | using gas only

|  | F16F 9/04 |
· · | in a chamber with a flexible wall

|  | F16F 9/06 |
· | using both gas and liquid

|  | F16F 9/08 |
· · | in a chamber with a flexible wall

|  | F16F 9/10 |
· | using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial

|  | F16F 9/12 |
· · | Devices with one or more rotary vanes turning in the fluid, any throttling effect being immaterial

|  | F16F 9/14 |
· · | Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect

|  | F16F 9/16 |
· · · | involving only straight-line movement of the effective parts

|  | F16F 9/18 |
· · · · | with a closed cylinder and a piston separating two or more working spaces therein

|  | F16F 9/19 |
· · · · · | with a single cylinder

|  | F16F 9/20 |
· · · · · | with the piston-rod extending through both ends of the cylinder

|  | F16F 9/22 |
· · · · | with one or more cylinders, each having a single working space closed by a piston or plunger

|  | F16F 9/24 |
· · · · · | with a single cylinder and a single piston or plunger

|  | F16F 9/26 |
· · · · · | with two cylinders in line and with the two pistons or plungers connected together

|  | F16F 9/28 |
· · · · · | with two parallel cylinders and with the two pistons or plungers connected together

|  | F16F 9/30 |
· | with solid or semi-solid material, e.g. pasty masses, as damping medium

|  | F16F 9/32 |
· | Details

|  | F16F 9/34 |
· · | Special valve constructions (valves in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K); Shape or construction of throttling passages

|  | F16F 9/342 |
· · · | Throttling passages operating with metering pins

|  | F16F 9/346 |
· · · | Throttling passages in the form of slots arranged in cylinder walls

|  | F16F 9/348 |
· · · | Throttling passages in the form of annular discs operating in opposite directions

|  | F16F 9/36 |
· · | Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods (sealing of moving parts in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16J 15/16-F16J 15/56)

|  | F16F 9/38 |
· · | Covers for protection or appearance

|  | F16F 9/40 |
· · | Arrangements for preventing froth

|  | F16F 9/42 |
· · | Cooling arrangements

|  | F16F 9/43 |
· · | Filling arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas

|  | F16F 9/44 |
· · | Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; Such means combined with temperature correction (temperature correction only Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/52)

|  | F16F 9/46 |
· · · | allowing control from a distance

|  | F16F 9/48 |
· · | Arrangements for providing different damping effects at different parts of the stroke

|  | F16F 9/49 |
· · · | Stops limiting fluid passage, e.g. hydraulic stops

|  | F16F 9/50 |
· · | Special means providing automatic adjustment

|  | F16F 9/52 |
· · · | in case of change of temperature (combined with external adjustment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/44)

|  | F16F 9/54 |
· · | Arrangements for attachment

|  | F16F 11/00 |
Vibration-dampers or shock-absorbers working with both friction and a damping fluid

|  | F16F 13/00 |
Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00 takes precedence)

|  | F16F 13/02 |
· | damping by frictional contact between the spring and braking means (frictionally coacting wound springs Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 3/06)

|  | F16F 15/00 |
Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion

|  | F16F 15/02 |
· | Supression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating, systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating system (layered products Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B; suppression of vibration in ships Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B63; testing dynamic balance with or without subsequent adjustment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01M)

|  | F16F 15/03 |
· · | using electromagnetic means

|  | F16F 15/04 |
· · | using elastic means (single elements or their attachment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 1/00-F16F 13/00) [2]

|  | F16F 15/06 |
· · · | with metal springs (with rubber springs also Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/08)

|  | F16F 15/08 |
· · · | with rubber springs

|  | F16F 15/10 |
· | Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system (by balancing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/22; with flywheels acting variably or intermittently Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16H)

|  | F16F 15/12 |
· · | using elastic members or friction-damping members

|  | F16F 15/14 |
· · | using freely-swinging masses rotating with the system

|  | F16F 15/16 |
· · | using a fluid (devices connecting input and output members Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16D)

|  | F16F 15/18 |
· · | using electric means (dynamo-electric devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02K)

|  | F16F 15/20 |
· | Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by favourable grouping or relative arrangement of the moving members of the system or systems

|  | F16F 15/22 |
· | Compensation of inertia forces

|  | F16F 15/24 |
· · | of crankshaft systems by particular disposition of cranks, pistons, etc.

|  | F16F 15/26 |
· · | of crankshaft systems using solid masses, other than the ordinary pistons, moving with the system

|  | F16F 15/28 |
· | Counterweights; Attaching or mounting same

|  | F16F 15/30 |
· | Flywheels (rotary-body aspects in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16C 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16C 15/00)

|  | F16F 15/32 |
· | Correcting-weights or equivalent means for balancing rotating bodies (balancing-weights for vehicle wheels Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60B 13/00; machines for balancing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01M) [2]