G
SECTION G — PHYSICS
  
INSTRUMENTS
 G02
OPTICS (making optical elements or apparatus B24B, B29D, C03, or other appropriate sub-classes or classes)
 G02B
OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS, OR APPARATUS (G02F takes precedence; measuring-instruments, see the relevant sub-class of class G01, e.g. optical rangefinders G01C; testing of optical elements, systems, or apparatus G01M 11/00; spectacles G02C; sound lenses G10K 11/06; electron and ion "optics" H01J; X-ray "optics" H01J, H05G 1/00; optical elements structurally combined with electric discharge tubes H01J 5/16, H01J 29/89, H01J 37/22; microwave "optics" H01Q; combination of optical elements with television receivers H04N 5/72)
 G02B

Note(s)

In this sub-class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated:

  1. "Simple lens or prism" denotes a single lens or prism.
  2. "Compound lens or prism" denotes an optical member, the constituents of which either are close together without air-space or (except in group G02B 11/00) are "in broken contact", i.e. with the air-space between the constituents having no essential optical influence
  3. "Objective" denotes a lens or an optical system designed to produce a real image of a real object.
  4. "Eyepiece" denotes a lens or an optical system designed to produce a virtual image for viewing by the eye or by another optical system.
  5. "Front" and "rear" are determined by looking from the more distant conjugate.
  6. "Optical" applies not only to visible light but also to ultra-violet and infra-red radiations.

 G02B 1/00
Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made (compositions of optical glasses C03C 3/00; cements for glass C03C 27/00)
 G02B 1/02
·  made of crystals, e.g. rock-salt, semiconductors (G02B 1/08 takes precedence)
 G02B 1/04
·  made of organic materials, e.g. plastics (G02B 1/08 takes precedence)
 G02B 1/06
·  made of fluids in transparent cells
 G02B 1/08
·  made of polarising materials
 G02B 1/10
·  Coatings produced by application to, or surface treatment of, optical elements, e.g. anti-reflection coatings (G02B 1/08 takes precedence; coating of glass in general C03C 17/00)
 G02B 1/12
·  ·  by surface treatment, e.g. by irradiation
 G02B 3/00
Simple or compound lenses (artificial eyes A61F 1/16; spectacle lenses or contact lenses for the eyes G02C; watch or clock glasses G04B 39/00)
 G02B 3/02
·  with non-spherical faces (G02B 3/10 takes precedence)
 G02B 3/04
·  ·  with continuous faces that are rotationally symmetrical but deviate from a true sphere, e.g. so-called "aspheric" lens
 G02B 3/06
·  ·  with cylindrical or toric faces
 G02B 3/08
·  ·  with discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lens
 G02B 3/10
·  Bifocal lenses; Multifocal lenses
 G02B 3/12
·  Fluid-filled or evacuated lenses
 G02B 3/14
·  ·  of variable focal length
 G02B 5/00
Optical elements other than lenses (optical logic elements G02F 3/00)
 G02B 5/02
·  Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
 G02B 5/04
·  Prisms
 G02B 5/06
·  ·  Fluid-filled or evacuated prisms
 G02B 5/08
·  Mirrors
 G02B 5/10
·  ·  with curved faces
 G02B 5/12
·  Reflex reflectors
 G02B 5/122
·  ·  cube corner, trihedral or triple reflector type  [2]
 G02B 5/124
·  ·  ·  plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary plate or sheet  [2]
 G02B 5/126
·  ·  including curved refracting surface  [2]
 G02B 5/128
·  ·  ·  transparent spheres being embedded in matrix  [2]
 G02B 5/13
·  ·  ·  plural curved refracting elements forming part of a unitary body  [2]
 G02B 5/132
·  ·  ·  with individual reflector mounting means  [2]
 G02B 5/134
·  ·  ·  ·  including a threaded mounting member  [2]
 G02B 5/136
·  ·  plural reflecting elements forming part of a unitary body (G02B 5/124 takes precedence)  [2]
 G02B 5/14
·  Light guides (electrical waveguides H01P 3/00)
 G02B 5/16
·  ·  formed by bundles of fibres
 G02B 5/17
·  ·  ·  using coherent light, e.g. transporting images  [2]
 G02B 5/18
·  Diffracting gratings
 G02B 5/20
·  Filters (polarising elements G02B 5/30)
 G02B 5/22
·  ·  Absorbing filters
 G02B 5/23
·  ·  ·  Photochromic filters  [2]
 G02B 5/24
·  ·  ·  Liquid filters (G02B 5/23 takes precedence)  [2]
 G02B 5/26
·  ·  Reflecting filters (G02B 5/28 takes precedence)
 G02B 5/28
·  ·  Interference filters
 G02B 5/30
·  Polarising elements (light-modulating devices G02F 1/00)
 G02B 5/32
·  Holograms used as optical elements (processes or apparatus for producing holograms G03H)  [2]
 G02B 7/00
Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
 G02B 7/02
·  for lenses
 G02B 7/04
·  ·  with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification (G02B 7/11 takes precedence; focusing aids for cameras G03B 13/18)  [2]
 G02B 7/06
·  ·  ·  Focusing binocular pairs
 G02B 7/08
·  ·  ·  adapted to co-operate with a remote control mechanism
 G02B 7/10
·  ·  ·  by relative axial movement of several lenses, e.g. of varifocal objective lens
 G02B 7/11
·  ·  with mechanism for automatically focusing or varying magnification  [2]
 G02B 7/12
·  ·  Adjusting pupillary distance of binocular pairs
 G02B 7/14
·  ·  adapted to interchange lenses
 G02B 7/16
·  ·  ·  Rotatable turrets
 G02B 7/18
·  for prisms; for mirrors
 G02B 7/20
·  Light-tight connections for movable optical elements
 G02B 7/22
·  ·  Extensible connections, e.g. bellows
 G02B 7/24
·  ·  Pivoted connections
 G02B 9/00
Optical objectives characterised both by the number of the components and their arrangements according to their sign, i.e. + or - (G02B 13/00, G02B 15/00 take precedence)
 G02B 9/00

Note(s)

For the purposes of this group, a component is deemed to be a simple lens or a compound lens or a divided lens equivalent to a simple or to a compound lens.

 G02B 9/02
·  having one + component only (simple lenses G02B 3/00)
 G02B 9/04
·  having two components only
 G02B 9/06
·  ·  two + components
 G02B 9/08
·  ·  ·  arranged about a stop
 G02B 9/10
·  ·  one + and one - component
 G02B 9/12
·  having three components only
 G02B 9/14
·  ·  arranged + - +
 G02B 9/16
·  ·  ·  all the components being simple
 G02B 9/18
·  ·  ·  only one component having a compound lens (G02B 9/30 takes precedence)
 G02B 9/20
·  ·  ·  ·  the rear component having the compound
 G02B 9/22
·  ·  ·  ·  the middle component having the compound
 G02B 9/24
·  ·  ·  two of the components having compound lenses (G02B 9/30 takes precedence)
 G02B 9/26
·  ·  ·  ·  the front and rear components having compound lenses
 G02B 9/28
·  ·  ·  ·  the middle and rear components having compound lenses
 G02B 9/30
·  ·  ·  the middle component being a - compound meniscus having a + lens
 G02B 9/32
·  ·  ·  ·  the + lens being a meniscus
 G02B 9/34
·  having four components only
 G02B 9/36
·  ·  arranged + - - +
 G02B 9/38 - 
G02B 9/56

Note(s)

In groups G02B 9/38, G02B 9/44, and G02B 9/50-G02B 9/56, the first-mentioned applicable group takes precedence over later-mentioned sub-groups.

 G02B 9/38
·  ·  ·  both - components being meniscus
 G02B 9/40
·  ·  ·  ·  one - component being compound
 G02B 9/42
·  ·  ·  ·  two - components being compound
 G02B 9/44
·  ·  ·  both - components being biconcave
 G02B 9/46
·  ·  ·  ·  one - component being compound
 G02B 9/48
·  ·  ·  ·  two - components being compound
 G02B 9/50
·  ·  ·  both + components being meniscus
 G02B 9/52
·  ·  ·  the rear + component being compound
 G02B 9/54
·  ·  ·  the front + component being compound
 G02B 9/56
·  ·  ·  all components being simple lenses
 G02B 9/58
·  ·  arranged - + + -
 G02B 9/60
·  having five components only
 G02B 9/62
·  having six components only
 G02B 9/64
·  having more than six components
 G02B 11/00
Optical objectives characterised by the total number of simple and compound lenses forming the objective and their arrangement (G02B 9/00 takes precedence; having only one simple lens G02B 3/00)
 G02B 11/00

Note(s)

For the purposes of this group, lenses in broken contact are counted separately. Simple lenses are denoted by L, compounds by C, and the front lens is mentioned first.

 G02B 11/02
·  having two lenses only
 G02B 11/04
·  ·  arranged C C
 G02B 11/06
·  having three lenses only
 G02B 11/08
·  ·  arranged L L L
 G02B 11/10
·  ·  arranged L C L
 G02B 11/12
·  ·  arranged L L C
 G02B 11/14
·  ·  arranged C L C
 G02B 11/16
·  ·  arranged C C L
 G02B 11/18
·  ·  arranged C C C
 G02B 11/20
·  having four lenses only
 G02B 11/22
·  ·  arranged L L L L
 G02B 11/24
·  ·  arranged C L L C
 G02B 11/26
·  ·  arranged L C C L
 G02B 11/28
·  ·  arranged C C C C
 G02B 11/30
·  having five lenses only
 G02B 11/32
·  having six lenses only
 G02B 11/34
·  having more than six lenses
 G02B 13/00
Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below (with variable magnification G02B 15/00)
 G02B 13/02
·  Telephoto objectives, i.e. systems of the type + — in which the distance from the front vertex to the image plane is less than the equivalent focal length
 G02B 13/04
·  Reversed telephoto objectives
 G02B 13/06
·  Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses"
 G02B 13/08
·  Anamorphotic objectives
 G02B 13/10
·  ·  involving prisms (G02B 13/12 takes precedence)
 G02B 13/12
·  ·  with variable magnification
 G02B 13/14
·  for use with infra-red or ultra-violet radiation (G02B 13/16 takes precedence)
 G02B 13/16
·  for use in conjunction with image converters or intensifiers
 G02B 13/18
·  with lenses having one or more non-spherical faces, e.g. for reducing geometrical aberration
 G02B 13/20
·  Soft-focus objectives (diffusing elements in general G02B 5/02)
 G02B 13/22
·  Telecentric objectives or lens systems
 G02B 13/24
·  for reproducing or copying at short object distances
 G02B 15/00
Optical objectives with means for varying the magnification (anamorphotic objectives G02B 13/08)
 G02B 15/02
·  by changing, adding, or subtracting a part of the objective, e.g. convertible objective
 G02B 15/04
·  ·  by changing a part
 G02B 15/06
·  ·  ·  by changing the front part
 G02B 15/08
·  ·  ·  by changing the rear part
 G02B 15/10
·  ·  by adding a part, e.g. close-up attachment
 G02B 15/12
·  ·  ·  by adding telescopic attachments (G02B 15/14 takes precedence)
 G02B 15/14
·  by relative movement of the parts to vary the equivalent focal length of the objective continuously
 G02B 15/16
·  ·  having two parts with different and coupled movements relative to the image plane
 G02B 15/18
·  ·  ·  with a further part movable for focusing
 G02B 17/00
Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements (microscopes G02B 21/00; telescopes, periscopes G02B 23/00; for beam splitting or combining G02B 27/10; for optical projection G02B 27/18)
 G02B 17/02
·  Catoptric systems, e.g. image erecting and reversing system
 G02B 17/04
·  ·  using prisms only
 G02B 17/06
·  ·  using mirrors only
 G02B 17/08
·  Catadioptric systems
 G02B 19/00
Condensers (for microscopes G02B 21/08)
 G02B 21/00
Microscopes (eyepieces G02B 25/00; polarising systems G02B 27/28; microtomes G01N 1/06)
 G02B 21/02
·  Objectives
 G02B 21/04
·  ·  involving mirrors
 G02B 21/06
·  Means for illuminating specimen
 G02B 21/08
·  ·  Condensers
 G02B 21/10
·  ·  ·  affording dark-field illumination (G02B 21/14 takes precedence)
 G02B 21/12
·  ·  ·  affording bright-field illumination (G02B 21/14 takes precedence)
 G02B 21/14
·  ·  ·  affording illumination for phase-contrast observation
 G02B 21/16
·  adapted for ultra-violet illumination
 G02B 21/18
·  Arrangements with more than one light-path, e.g. for comparing two specimens
 G02B 21/20
·  ·  Binocular arrangements
 G02B 21/22
·  ·  ·  Stereoscopic arrangements
 G02B 21/24
·  Base structure
 G02B 21/26
·  ·  Stages; Adjusting means therefor
 G02B 21/28
·  ·  with cooling device
 G02B 21/30
·  ·  with heating device
 G02B 21/32
·  Micromanipulators structurally combined with microscopes
 G02B 21/34
·  Microscope slides, e.g. mounting specimens on microscopic slides (preparing specimens for investigation G01N 1/28; means for supporting the objects or the materials to be analysed in electron microscopes H01J 37/20)
 G02B 21/36
·  arranged for photographic purposes or projection purposes (G02B 21/18 takes precedence)
 G02B 23/00
Telescopes, e.g. binoculars; Periscopes; Instruments for viewing the inside of hollow bodies (diagnostic instruments A61B); Viewfinders (objectives G02B 9/00, G02B 11/00, G02B 15/00, G02B 17/00; eyepieces G02B 25/00)
 G02B 23/02
·  involving prisms or mirrors (G02B 23/14 takes precedence)
 G02B 23/04
·  ·  for the purpose of beam splitting or combining, e.g. fitted with eyepieces for more than one observer (G02B 23/10 takes precedence)
 G02B 23/06
·  ·  having a focusing action, e.g. parabolic mirror
 G02B 23/08
·  ·  Periscopes
 G02B 23/10
·  ·  reflecting into the field of view additional indications, e.g. from collimator (collimators in general G02B 27/30; graticules G02B 27/34)
 G02B 23/12
·  with means for image conversion or intensification (objectives for image conversion or intensification G02B 13/16; electrical image converters with optical input and optical output H01J 31/50)
 G02B 23/14
·  Viewfinders (for photographic apparatus G03B 13/02)
 G02B 23/16
·  Housings; Caps; Mountings; Supports, e.g. with counterweight (cases or receptacles A45C)
 G02B 23/18
·  ·  for binocular arrangements
 G02B 23/20
·  ·  Collapsible housings (G02B 23/18 takes precedence)
 G02B 23/22
·  ·  Underwater equipments, e.g. for submarine periscope
 G02B 25/00
Eyepieces; Magnifying glasses (simple lenses G02B 3/00)
 G02B 25/02
·  with means for illuminating object viewed
 G02B 25/04
·  affording a wide-angle view, e.g. through a spy-hole
 G02B 27/00
Other optical systems; Other optical apparatus (means for bringing-about special optical effects in shop-windows, show-cases A47F, e.g. A47F 11/06; optical toys A63H 33/22; designs or pictures characterised by special light effects B44F 1/00)
 G02B 27/02
·  Viewing or reading apparatus (stereoscopic systems per se G02B 27/22; of the projection type G03B; slide-changing apparatus G03B)
 G02B 27/04
·  ·  having collapsible parts
 G02B 27/06
·  ·  with moving-picture effect
 G02B 27/08
·  ·  Kaleidoscopes
 G02B 27/10
·  beam splitting or combining systems (polarising systems G02B 27/28)
 G02B 27/12
·  ·  operating by refraction only
 G02B 27/14
·  ·  operating by reflection only
 G02B 27/16
·  ·  used as aids for focusing
 G02B 27/17
·  Optical-mechanical scanning systems (applications of optical scanning systems, see the relevant sub-classes, e.g. G01N 21/30, G03B 27/32, G03F 3/08, G03G 15/04, H04N; electro-, magneto-, or acousto-optical deflection G02F)  [2]
 G02B 27/18
·  for optical projection, e.g. combination of mirror and condenser and objective
 G02B 27/20
·  ·  for imaging minute objects, e.g. light-pointer
 G02B 27/22
·  for producing stereoscopic or other three-dimensional effects (in microscopes G02B 21/22; viewing apparatus G02B 27/02)
 G02B 27/24
·  ·  involving reflecting prisms and mirrors only
 G02B 27/26
·  ·  involving polarising means
 G02B 27/28
·  for polarising (used in stereoscopes G02B 27/26)
 G02B 27/30
·  Collimators
 G02B 27/32
·  Fiducial marks and measuring scales within the optical system
 G02B 27/34
·  ·  illuminated
 G02B 27/36
·  ·  adjustable
 G02B 27/38
·  Diffraction grating systems; Schlieren-optical systems; Systems using moiré fringes (holography G03H)
 G02B 27/40
·  Optical focusing aids (beam splitting or combining systems G02B 27/10)