The term "metal-working" should be understood as covering the working of other materials unless the context requires otherwise.
The term "kind of operation" and similar expressions relate to such metal-working operations as boring, drilling, milling and grinding.
The term "kind of machine" means a machine designed for a particular kind of metal-working operation (e.g. a lathe).
The term "form of machine" means a machine of a particular kind adapted or arranged for a particular way of working or for particular kind adapted or arranged for a particular work, e.g. face-plate lathe, tailstock lathe, turret lathe).
The term "different machines" is to be understood as covering different forms of machine for performing the same type of metal-working operation, e.g. vertical and horizontal boring machines.
Sub-class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q comprises features, specific to machine tools, which relate to a requirement or problem of a nature which is not peculiar to a particular kind of machine tool, e.g. feeding work, although the realisation of these features may differ according to the kind of machine tool concerned.
That sub-class provides in general for such features, even if the feature or a specific function, in any particular case, is to some extent peculiar to, or is claimed only for, machine tools designed for one particular operation; only in exceptional cases are such features to be classified in the sub-class for the machine tool concerned. Certain features of this general nature are, however, referred to sub-classes relating to particular metal-working operations, especially Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23B, in which case the sub-classes in question are not restricted, in respect of those features, to the kind of machine tool with which they are primarily concerned. If details, components, or accessories have no essential feature specific to machine tools, the more general class, e.g, . (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16, takes precedence.
Electric circuits specially adapted for these purposes are dealt with in this sub-class.
B23K 1/00 - B23K 3/00
Soldering, i.e. uniting metals using solder and applying heat without melting either of the parts to be united (essentially requiring the use of welding machines or welding equipment, in the relevant groups for the welding machines or welding equipment)
Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames
B23K 7/02
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Machines, apparatus, or equipment for cutting plane workpieces, e.g. plates
B23K 7/04
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Machines, apparatus, or equipment specially adapted for cutting curved workpieces, e.g. tubes
B23K 7/06
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Machines, apparatus, or equipment specially designed for scarfing or desurfacing
B23K 7/08
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by applying additional compounds or means favouring the cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing procedure
B23K 7/10
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Auxiliary devices, e.g. for guiding or supporting the torch (guiding means applicable to other metal-working machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q)
B23K 9/00 - B23K 37/00
Other welding or cutting; Working metal by laser beam
Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
B23K 35/40
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Making wire or rods for soldering or welding (processes involving a single technical art, see the relevant classes, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21C)