B
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS
  
SEPARATING AND MIXING
 B01
PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES AND APPARATUS (IN GENERAL) (furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts, in general F27)
 B02
CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
 B03
SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION (separating isotopes B01D 59/00; crushing or disintegrating B02C; centrifuges or vortex apparatus for carrying out physical processes B04)
 B04
CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES (using centrifugal force for the separation of particles from liquids or gases, in general B01D, e.g. B01D 21/26, B01D 43/00, B01D 45/12)
 B05
SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING LIQUIDS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (apparatus restricted to a purpose fully provided for in a single other class, see the relevant class covering the purpose; methods involving the use of apparatus in particular arts, see the relevant classes relating to the arts concerned, e.g. B44D)
 B06
GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
 B07
SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING (separation in general B01D; wet separating processes, sorting by processes using fluent material in the same way as liquid B03; using liquids B03B, B03D; sorting by magnetic or electrostatic separation B03C; centrifuges or vortex apparatus for carrying out physical processes B04; sorting peculiar to particular materials or articles and provided for in other classes, see the relevant classes)
 B08
CLEANING
  
SHAPING
 B21
MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL (casting, powder metallurgy B22; shearing B23D; soldering, welding, flame-cutting B23K; miscellaneous metal-working B23P; punching sheet material in general B26F; processes for changing of physical properties of metals C21D, C22F; electroforming C23B 7/00)
 B21

Note(s)

  1. Combinations of operations covered by different sub-classes are dealt with in B23P. Combinations of operations covered by any particular sub-class with operations covered by other classes, e.g. with operations involving removal of material, are also dealt with in B23P, except that if the operations covered by the other classes both are subsidiary to and performed in connection with the operations properly covered in a single sub-class of B21 the combination is classified in that sub-class.
  2. Processes of a kind covered by this class but applied to non-metallic materials may be classified here if they are applicable to metal and cannot be classified fully in one other class.
 B22
CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
 B23
MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (punching, perforating, making articles by processing sheet metal, tubes, or profiles B21D; wire-working B21F; making pins, needles, or nails B21G; making chains B21L; grinding B24)
 B23

Note(s)

  1. In addition to operations not provided for in any other class, this class provides, in sub-class B23P, for combinations of operations provided for in different sub-classes of classes B21-B24, with the exception of subsidiary operations performed in conjunction with main operations covered by a single sub-class.
  2. In the following elaborations:
    1. The term "metal-working" should be understood as covering the working of other materials unless the context requires otherwise.
    2. The term "kind of operation" and similar expressions relate to such metal-working operations as boring, drilling, milling and grinding.
    3. The term "kind of machine" means a machine designed for a particular kind of metal-working operation (e.g. a lathe).
    4. The term "form of machine" means a machine of a particular kind adapted or arranged for a particular way of working or for particular kind adapted or arranged for a particular work, e.g. face-plate lathe, tailstock lathe, turret lathe).
    5. The term "different machines" is to be understood as covering different forms of machine for performing the same type of metal-working operation, e.g. vertical and horizontal boring machines.
  3. Sub-class B23Q comprises features, specific to machine tools, which relate to a requirement or problem of a nature which is not peculiar to a particular kind of machine tool, e.g. feeding work, although the realisation of these features may differ according to the kind of machine tool concerned.

    That sub-class provides in general for such features, even if the feature or a specific function, in any particular case, is to some extent peculiar to, or is claimed only for, machine tools designed for one particular operation; only in exceptional cases are such features to be classified in the sub-class for the machine tool concerned. Certain features of this general nature are, however, referred to sub-classes relating to particular metal-working operations, especially B23B, in which case the sub-classes in question are not restricted, in respect of those features, to the kind of machine tool with which they are primarily concerned. If details, components, or accessories have no essential feature specific to machine tools, the more general class, e.g, . (F16, takes precedence.

 B24
GRINDING; POLISHING
 B25
HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
 B25

Note(s)

The word "portable" is to be understood as including suspension for easy manual handling, e.g. in connection with spring-suspended portable apparatus for use along assembly lines.

 B26
HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING MACHINES AND DEVICES NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PARTICULAR MATERIALS OR PURPOSES
 B27
WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
 B28
WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, AND STONE
 B29
WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (see Section C, particularly C08, for chemical matters; shaping clay or other ceramic compositions, slag, or mixtures containing cementitious material B28B)
 B29

Note(s)

  1. For the purpose of this class, "plastics" means macromolecular compounds or compositions based thereon.
  2. A product is not classified here unless it results from a process which is itself classified in this class.
 B30
PRESSES
 B31
MAKING PAPER ARTICLES; WORKING PAPER (making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard B32B)
 B31

Note(s)

  1. The word "paper" in this class is to be interpreted as covering material worked in a manner analogous to paper, e.g. plastic sheet materials, laminated materials or metal foils. This class does not include making articles directly from paper pulp.
  2. This class is to be understood as restricted to adaptations or associations of handling sheets, webs, or blanks peculiar to paper-working, e.g. bag or box making, machinery. Handling sheets, webs, or blanks of wider applicability, irrespective of whether described or claimed only for paper-working machinery, is to be regarded as of a more comprehensive nature and as such classified in B65H.
 B32
LAYERED PRODUCTS
  
PRINTING
 B41
PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
 B42
BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
 B43
WRITING AND DRAWING APPLIANCES; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
 B44
SCULPTURING; DECORATIVE ART; PAINTING; COATING
  
TRANSPORTING
 B60
VEHICLES IN GENERAL
 B60

Note(s)

In this class, the term "vehicle" means all vehicles except those restricted to one of the following types of vehicles: rail vehicles, waterborne vessels, aircraft, space vehicles, hand carts, cycles, animal-drawn vehicles, and sledges; these types are to be found in the relevant classes B61-B64. Thus, the term "vehicle" embraces vehicular characteristics which are common to more than one of the above-listed types. It also embraces certain characteristics restricted to automobile or road or cross-country trailers. Special adaptations. The following exceptions to be above should be noted:

  1. Sub-classes B60B and B60C embrace all vehicle wheels and tyres, except for aircraft.
  2. Sub-class B60C embraces the repairing of, and the connection of valves to, inflatable elastic bodies in general, and in this respect it is not limited to vehicles.
  3. Sub-class B60L embraces certain electric equipment of all electrically-propelled vehicles.
  4. Sub-class B60M embraces certain power supply equipment for, but external to, any kind of electrically-propelled vehicle.
  5. Sub-class B60S relates to all kinds of vehicles; except the servicing of rail locomotives and ground equipment for aircraft.
  6. Sub-class B60T includes brake control systems of general applicability, and in this respect it is not limited to vehicles. It also includes rail-vehicle power-brake systems and some other features of rail-vehicle brake systems.

 B61
RAILWAYS
 B61

Note(s)

The term "railway systems" is to be understood as covering:

  1. systems in which trains or individual passenger vehicles or load carriers run on, or are guided by, ground or elevated tracks defined by rails, ropes, cables, or other guiding elements for wheels, rollers, or sliding anti-friction devices;
  2. systems in which carriers or impellers for persons or loads are attached to, e.g. suspended from, a guided traction rope or cable which determines their path of movement (chain conveyers, scraper conveyers B65G 17/00, B65G 19/00);
  3. "power and free" systems of either of the above types in which vehicles, load-carriers, or loads may be selectively coupled to, or uncoupled from, continuous traction members, e.g. cables.

 B62
LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
 B63
SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
 B64
AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
 B65
CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
 B66
HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
 B67
LIQUID HANDLING
 B68
SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY