|  | B |
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS

TRANSPORTING

|  | B65 |
CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL

|  | B65B |
MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING (bundling and pressing devices for cigars Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A24C 1/44; paper-bag holders as shop or office accessories Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47F 13/08; apparatus for coating, e.g. by dipping, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05C; devices for tensioning and securing binders adapted to be supported by the article or articles to be bound Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B25B; nailing or stapling devices per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B25C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27F; inserting documents in envelopes and closing the latter Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B43M 3/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B43M 5/00; wrappers, containers or other packaging elements, e.g. binders, closures, protective caps, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D; stacking articles in, or removing them from, pallets Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G; devices for handling sheets or webs of interest apart from their application in packaging machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H; packaging of matches Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C06F; wrapping sugar during manufacture Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C13H; making containers or receptacles per se, see the appropriate sub-classes)

|  | B65B |
Note(s) The term "packaging" should be understood as including mainly the following operations: filling portable containers or receptacles with materials or small articles to form packages; inserting articles, or groups of articles, into containers or receptacles; closing filled containers or receptacles otherwise than by metal-, glass-, or wood-working operations; enclosing, or partially enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in sheets, strips, blanks, webs, or tubes of thin flexible material, e.g. wrapping; bundling articles, e.g. holding articles together in groups by applying string or wire; attaching articles to cards, sheets, or webs. Operations of these types employed in the manufacture of articles other than packages are classified in other appropriate sub-classes, e.g. making confectionery products by casting in moulds formed by wrappers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23G, filling ammunition cartridges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F42B. Methods of packaging which are wholly characterised by the form of the package produced, or the form of the container or packaging-element utilised, are classified in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D rather than in this sub-class. In the following elaborations, the term "package" is used to mean the end product of a packaging operation, e.g. a filled and closed container, an article enclosed in a wrapper, a group of articles held together by string or wire, a crate of bottles. In the following elaborations, the term "materials" is to be understood as embracing matter, or masses of articles, which are to be packaged, as distinct from separate or individual articles.

|  | B65C |
LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES (nailing or stapling machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27F 7/02; Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B27F 7/06; applying labels for packaging purposes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B; labels, name-plates Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09F)

|  | B65C |
Note(s) The term "labels" in this sub-class embraces also stamps or the like.

|  | B65D |
CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES (making containers, see sub-classes dealing with the working of the material concerned; containers specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01F 25/14; containers specially adapted for use in dairies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01J; travelling bags or baskets, suitcases Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A45C; travelling or camp equipment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A45F; household or table equipment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47G; letter-boxes for home use Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47G 29/12; kitchen or other domestic appliances Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47J; machines, apparatus, or devices for, or methods of, packaging articles or materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B; sack holders Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B 67/00; refuse receptacles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65F 1/00; hoppers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G; handling sheets, webs or filamentary material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H; container traffic Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65J; load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B66C; storing gases Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17)

|  | B65D |
Note(s) In this sub-class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: The expression "rigid or semi-rigid containers" is to be interpreted as including: containers not deformed by, or not taking-up the shape of, their contents; containers adapted to be temporarily deformed to expel their contents; pallets; trays. The expression "flexible containers" ist to be interpreted as including: containers deformed by, or taking-up the shape of, their contents; containers adapted to be permanently deformed to expel their contents. The term "packaging elements" is to be interpreted as including: elements, other than containers, for covering, protecting, stiffening, or holding together articles or materials to be stored or transported; packaging materials of special type or form not provided for in other sub-classes. The term "packages" is to be interpreted as including: combinations of containers or packaging elements with articles or materials to be stored or transported; articles joined together for convenience of storage or transport. The word "paper" has been used to embrace materials, e.g. cardboard, plastic sheet materials, laminated materials, or metal foils, worked in a manner analogous to paper. Containers, packaging elements, or packages with auxiliary means or provision for displaying articles or materials are classified in this sub-class and not in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G09F. Methods of packaging which are wholly characterised by the form of the package produced or the form of the container or packaging element utilised, as distinct from the operations performed or apparatus employed, are classified in appropriate groups of this sub-class rather than in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B. This sub-class is intended to be as comprehensive as possible. Therefore, only containers or packages of a nature clearly confined to a single other sub-class should be classified in the latter sub-class. Portable containers, packaging elements, or packages should, as far as possible, classified primarily according to their constructional or functional features; classification according to the particular articles or materials which are packaged, or intended to be packaged should be is normally regarded as being of secondary importance, except in cases where this is considered to be the characterising feature. Groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 27/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 31/00 and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 65/00 include constructional features of foldable or erectable container or wrapper blanks as well as the containers or wrappers formed by folding or erecting such blanks.

|  | B65F |
GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE (disinfecting refuse Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61L; refuse disintegrators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B02C; sorting refuse Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B03B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B07B; handcarts for transporting refuse receptacles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B62B; sack holders Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B 67/00; converting refuse into fertilisers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C05F; converting refuse into solid fuels Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10L; sewers, cesspools Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03F; arrangements in buildings for the disposal of refuse Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04F 17/10; refuse-consuming furnaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23G)

|  | B65G |
TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYERS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING; SHOP CONVEYER SYSTEMS; PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYERS (special adaptations to metal working Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21D 43/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q 5/22; preventing fire in special objects or places Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62C 3/00; railway systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61B; truck loaders Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B66F; transport devices specially adapted to underground conditions in mines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21F 13/00; specially adapted for handling radioactive materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21)

|  | B65H |
HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES (winding or stacking hides or leather Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C14B 1/62)

|  | B65H |
Note(s) In this sub-class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: The term "handling" includes feeding, folding (other than in the manufacture of products), guiding, orientating, storing, unwinding, and winding. The term "thin material" includes (i) sheets, signatures, envelopes, blanks, and thin piles thereof (hereinafter referred to as "articles") and (ii) webs, tapes, and films, e.g. of paper, fabric, metal foil, or plastics. So far as (i) is concerned, the relevant groups are primarily intended to cover the handling of articles made of paper or cardboard, but also include the handling of articles made of other materials which have similar characteristics or present similar handling problems, e.g. articles made of sheet-plastics or leather. The term "filamentary material" includes threads, wires, ropes, cables, and hoses. The term "package" is used to mean a mass of filamentary material, formed by coiling, depositing, or winding, with or without a supporting core or former or an enclosing container or receptacle. So far as filamentary material is concerned (groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 49/00 onwards), this sub-class includes only methods or devices of general application or interest. Methods or devices intimately associated with other operations on filamentary material or means for performing such operations, e.g. spinning, weaving, braiding, lace-making, knitting, sewing, making ropes or cables, are classified in the relevant sub-classes for these operations.

|  | B65J |
CONTAINER TRAFFIC

|  | B65J |
Note(s) This sub-class is concerned with the kind of container sometimes called a "forwarding container", and its use to forward goods from one place to another as a unit. The container is separable as a unit from the vehicle which carries it. Thus, the inventions to be classified in this sub-class centre on the transfer of the containers on and off or between vehicles which carry them to their destinations. Furthermore, inventions relating to aspects common with containers as such, aspects of vehicle construction, the securing of loads in general on vehicle and aspects of load movement in general should be classified in the relevant classes.