|  | G |
SECTION G — PHYSICS

INSTRUMENTS

|  | G05 |
CONTROLLING; REGULATING (specially adapted to a particular field of use, see the relevant sub-class, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23Q)

|  | G05 |
Note(s) Attention is drawn to the notes (particularly the definition of the term "variable") on page 1 of this elaboration. This class covers methods, systems, and apparatus for controlling in general. In this class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: "Controlling" means influencing a variable in any way, e.g. changing its direction or its value (including changing it to or from zero), maintaining it constant, limiting its range of variation. "Regulation" means maintaining a variable automatically at a desired value or within a desired range of values. The desired value or range may be fixed, or manually varied, or may vary with time according to a predetermined "programme" or according to variation of another variable. Regulation is a form of control; the term "automatic control" is often used in the art as a synonym for "regulation". "Proportional band" means that range of values of deviation which corresponds to the full operating range of output signal of the controlling unit resulting from proportional action only.

|  | G05F |
SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES (regulating the timing or recurrence frequency of pulses in radar or radio navigation systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01S; closed-loop systems for regulating non-electric variables by electric means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05D; regulating current supply in networks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02J; regulating the charging of batteries Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02J 7/00; regulating motor current Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02P; regulating frequency response, gain, maximum output, amplitude, or bandwidth of amplifiers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03G; regulating tuning of resonant circuits Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03J; regulating characteristics of transmission lines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H04B; regulating operating characteristics of X-ray tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05G 1/28)

|  | G05F |
Note(s) This sub-class includes the use of hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, and electrical motors for varying electric characteristics of devices which restore the quantity regulated. This sub-class is restricted to systems, the elements per se being in the relevant sub-classes. The regulation of the output of generators, converters, or transformers is dealt with in Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02P, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H03K.

|  | G05F 1/00 |
Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems

|  | G05F 1/02 |
· | regulating electric characteristics of arcs (arrangements for feeding electrodes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B 31/18)

|  | G05F 1/04 |
· · | by means of saturable magnetic devices

|  | G05F 1/06 |
· · | by means of discharge tubes

|  | G05F 1/08 |
· · | by means of semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/10 |
· | Regulating voltage or current (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G05F 1/02 takes precedence; for electric railways Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60M 3/02)

|  | G05F 1/12 |
· · | wherein the variable is ac

|  | G05F 1/14 |
· · · | using tap transformers or variable inductors as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/16 |
· · · · | combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/18 |
· · · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/20 |
· · · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/22 |
· · · · | combined with separate magnetic control devices having a controllable degree of saturation

|  | G05F 1/24 |
· · · | using bucking or boosting transformers as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/26 |
· · · · | combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/28 |
· · · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/30 |
· · · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/32 |
· · · | using magnetic devices having a controllable degree of saturation as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/34 |
· · · · | combined with discharge tubes or semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/36 |
· · · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/38 |
· · · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/40 |
· · · | using discharge tubes as final control devices; using semiconductor devices as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/42 |
· · · · | discharge tubes only

|  | G05F 1/44 |
· · · · | semiconductor devices only

|  | G05F 1/46 |
· · | wherein the variables is dc

|  | G05F 1/48 |
· · · | using variable impedances as final control devices

|  | G05F 1/50 |
· · · · | in series with the load

|  | G05F 1/52 |
· · · · · | being discharge tubes

|  | G05F 1/54 |
· · · · · · | additionally controlled by the unregulated supply

|  | G05F 1/56 |
· · · · · | being semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 1/58 |
· · · · · · | combined with overload protection; combined with temperature compensation

|  | G05F 1/60 |
· · · · | in parallel with the load

|  | G05F 1/62 |
· · · | using bucking or boosting dc sources

|  | G05F 1/64 |
· · | wherein the variable is dc and there is conversion between the unregulated supply and the regulated output to the load (regulating converters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02P)

|  | G05F 1/66 |
· | Regulating electric power

|  | G05F 1/68 |
· | Regulating power factor; Regulating reactive current

|  | G05F 3/00 |
Non-retroactive systems for regulating electric variables by using an uncontrolled elements having self-regulating properties

|  | G05F 3/02 |
· | Regulating voltage or current

|  | G05F 3/04 |
· · | wherein the variable is ac

|  | G05F 3/06 |
· · · | using combinations of saturated and unsaturated inductive devices, e g. combined with resonant circuit

|  | G05F 3/08 |
· · | wherein the variable is dc

|  | G05F 3/10 |
· · · | using non-linear resistors

|  | G05F 3/12 |
· · · · | glow discharge tubes

|  | G05F 3/14 |
· · · · | zener diodes; uncontrolled semiconductor devices

|  | G05F 5/00 |
Systems for regulating electric variables by detecting deviations in the electric input to the system and thereby controlling a device within the system to obtain a regulated output

|  | G05F 7/00 |
Regulating magnetic variables