C SECTION C CHEMISTRY AND METALLURGY C01 INORGANIC CHEMISTRY (obtaining metal compounds by metallurgical processes C21B, C22B);; C01B NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; METALLOIDS AND THEIR COMPOUNDS, EXCEPT THOSE COVERED BY C01C; (arsenic, antimony C22B);; C01B0001000000 Hydrogen C01B0001020000 Preparation of hydrogen C01B0001030000 by decomposition or partial oxidation of inorganic compounds C01B0001040000 by decomposition of ammonia C01B0001050000 by reaction of compounds containing electropositively-bound hydrogen, e.g. water, acids, bases, alcohols, ammonia, with inorganic reducing agents (electrolysis of water C01B0013040000);; C01B0001070000 with metals C01B0001080000 by reaction of steam with inorganic reducing agents, e.g. metals C01B0001090000 with moving solid inorganic reducing agents C01B0001110000 by reaction of metal hydroxides with carbon monoxide C01B0001130000 by decomposition of gaseous or liquid organic compounds (C10G takes precedence);; C01B0001160000 of hydrocarbons C01B0001180000 catalytic (C01B0001200000 takes precedence);; C01B0001200000 with moving solid particles, e.g. of catalyst C01B0001260000 Separation; Purification (by liquefying F25J);; C01B0001270000 by diffusion C01B0001280000 by chemical means C01B0001300000 catalytic C01B0001320000 by adsorption and/or absorption C01B0001330000 by washing; Regeneration of the washing liquids C01B0001350000 by solids; Re-activation of used adsorbents C01B0002000000 Gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen together with nitrogen and/or oxides of carbon; Similar mixtures, also containing insignificant proportions of hydrocarbon (production of water gas and synthesis gas from solid carbonaceous material C10J);; C01B0002020000 Production of gaseous mixtures containing a substantial proportion of hydrogen together with nitrogen or oxides of carbon C01B0002040000 by decomposition of ammonia C01B0002060000 by reaction of steam with carbon monoxide C01B0002080000 Handling of heat and steam, also in connection with purification by washing (purification of hydrogen C01B0001260000);; C01B0002100000 Use of catalysts C01B0002120000 Use of moving solid particles, e.g. of catalyst C01B0002140000 by reaction of hydrocarbons with gasifying agents, e.g. water, carbon dioxide, air C01B0002160000 catalytic (C01B0002180000 takes precedence);; C01B0002180000 with moving solid particles, e.g. of catalyst C01B0002200000 according to the "moving bed" type C01B0002220000 according to the "fluidised bed" type C01B0002240000 using solid oxidising agent as the gasifying agent (C01B0002180000-C01B0002220000; take precedence);; C01B0002260000 followed by a reaction covered by group ; C01B0002060000 C01B0002280000 by decomposition of gaseous liquid organic compounds (C10G takes precedence;coking liquid carbonaceous materials C10B0055000000) C01B0002300000 Preparation or purification of gas mixtures for the synthesis of ammonia C01B0004000000 Hydrogen isotopes; Inorganic compounds thereof, and their preparation by isotope exchange, e.g. NH 3+D2NH2+HD(deuterides or tritiides of metal or boron C01B0006000000;heavy water C01B0005020000) C01B0004020000 Concentration by separation from mixtures with hydrogen or hydrogen compounds C01B0004040000 by fractional distillation, condensation or liquefaction C01B0004060000 by isotope exchange, e.g. phase inversion C01B0004080000 dual temperature exchange C01B0004100000 by electrolytic methods C01B0004120000 by adsorption or diffusion C01B0004140000 by combinations of methods covered by more than one of groups ; C01B0004020000-C01B0004120000 C01B0005000000 Water C01B0005020000 Heavy water; Preparation by chemical reaction of hydrogen isotopes or their compounds, e.g. 4ND; 3+7O24NO2+6D2O, 2D2 +O22D2O C01B0006000000 Hydrides, deuterides, tritiides of metals or boron; Addition complexes thereof C01B0006020000 Hydrides of transition element C01B0006040000 Hydrides of a metal from group Ia or IIa of the Periodic System C01B0006060000 Hydrides of aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, germanium, tin, lead, arsenic, antimony, bismuth or polonium; Monoborane; Diborane; Addition complexes thereof C01B0006080000 Hydrides of boron C01B0006100000 Diborane C01B0006120000 Metal boranates C01B0006140000 of alkali metals C01B0006160000 of alkaline earth metals C01B0006180000 Non-metallic complexes of borane or diborane, e.g. with phosphine, with arsine C01B0006200000 containing nitrogen C01B0006220000 Complex compounds of higher hydrides of boron C01B0006240000 Complex hydrides containing at least two metals, e.g. Li(AlH; 4) C01B0006260000 Preparation from the metal with the highest valency or from its oxides and/or salts of its oxyacids C01B0006280000 Preparation of aluminium compounds C01B0006300000 Preparation from other compounds of the metal with the highest valency C01B0006320000 Preparation of aluminium compounds C01B0006340000 Purification; Stabilisation C01B0007000000 Halogens; Halogen acids (oxyacids C01B0011000000);; C01B0007020000 Chlorine C01B0007040000 Preparation from HCl C01B0007060000 Preparation by electrolysis (C01B0011260000 takes precedence);; C01B0007080000 HCl C01B0007100000 Bromine C01B0007120000 HBr C01B0007140000 Iodine C01B0007160000 Preparation from seaweed C01B0007180000 Hydrogen iodine C01B0007200000 Fluorine C01B0007220000 Hydrogen fluoride C01B0007240000 Inter-halogen compounds C01B0009000000 General methods of preparing halides (particular individual halides, see the relevant groups in C01B-C01G; according to the element combined with the halogen);; C01B0009020000 chlorides C01B0009040000 bromides C01B0009060000 iodides C01B0009080000 fluorides C01B0011000000 Oxides or oxyacids of halogens; Salts thereof C01B0011020000 Oxides of chlorine C01B0011040000 Hypochlorous acid C01B0011060000 Hypochlorites, e.g. chlorinated lime C01B0011080000 Chlorous acid C01B0011100000 Chlorites C01B0011120000 Chloric acid C01B0011140000 Chlorates C01B0011160000 Perchloric acid C01B0011180000 Perchlorates C01B0011200000 Oxygen compounds of bromine C01B0011220000 Oxygen compounds of iodine C01B0011240000 Oxygen compounds of fluorine C01B0011260000 Preparation by electrolysis C01B0013000000 Oxygen; Ozone C01B0013020000 Preparation of oxygen (by liquefying F25J);; C01B0013040000 by electrolysis of water C01B0013060000 Apparatus (electrolytic apparatus in genera B01K0003000000);; C01B0013080000 from air with the aid of metal oxides, e.g. barium oxide, manganese oxide C01B0013100000 Preparation of ozone C01B0013120000 Apparatus C01B0013140000 Methods for preparing oxides or hydroxides in general (particular individual oxides or hydroxides, see the relevant groups in C01B-C01G, according to the element combined with the oxygen or hydroxyl);; C01B0015000000 Peroxides; Peracids; Salts thereof (peroxyacids of halogens, salts thereof C01B0011000000);; C01B0015020000 Hydrogen peroxide C01B0015040000 Metal peroxides C01B0015060000 Persulphuric acids (H2SO;5, H;2S;2O;8);; C01B0015080000 Persulphates C01B0015100000 Percarbonates C01B0015120000 Perborates C01B0015140000 Persilicates C01B0015160000 Perphosphates C01B0017000000 Sulphur; Compounds thereof C01B0017020000 Preparation of sulphur; Purification C01B0017040000 from gaseous sulphur compounds C01B0017060000 from sulphides and/or material containing sulphides, e.g. ores C01B0017080000 Recovery of sulphur from elemental sulphur-containing material, e.g. luxmasses C01B0017100000 Finely-divided sulphur C01B0017120000 Insoluble sulphur (; -sulphur) C01B0017140000 Purification C01B0017160000 Hydrogen sulphides C01B0017180000 Hydrogen polysulphides C01B0017200000 Methods for preparing sulphides or polysulphides, in general (ammonium sulphides or polysulphides C01C;sulphides or polysulphides of metals, other than alkali metals, magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium, see the relevant groups in C01F; or C01G; according to the metal); C01B0017220000 Alkali metal sulphides or polysulphides C01B0017240000 Preparation by reduction C01B0017260000 with carbon C01B0017280000 with reducing gases C01B0017300000 Preparation from sodium or potassium amalgam with sulphur or sulphides C01B0017320000 Hydrosulphides of sodium and/or potassium C01B0017340000 Polysulphides of sodium and/or potassium C01B0017360000 Purification C01B0017380000 Dehydration C01B0017400000 Making shaped products, e.g. granules C01B0017420000 Sulphides or polysulphides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B0017430000 from oxides or hydroxides with sulphur or hydrogen sulphide C01B0017440000 by reduction of sulphates C01B0017450000 Compounds containing sulphur and halogen, with or without oxygen C01B0017460000 Compounds containing sulphur, halogen, hydrogen, and oxygen C01B0017480000 Sulphur dioxide; Sulphurous acid C01B0017500000 Preparation of sulphur dioxide C01B0017520000 by roasting sulphides (C21B0001000000, C22B0001000000 take precedence);; C01B0017540000 by burning elemental sulphur C01B0017560000 Separation; Purification C01B0017580000 Recovery of sulphur dioxide from acid tar and the like C01B0017600000 Isolation of sulphur dioxide from gases C01B0017620000 Methods of preparing sulphites in general (particular individual sulphites, see the relevant groups in C01B-C01G; according to the cation);; C01B0017640000 Thiosulphates; Hyposulphites; Polythionates C01B0017660000 Hyposulphites C01B0017680000 Sulphur trioxide (C01B0017760000 takes precedence);; C01B0017700000 Stabilisation of the gamma-form C01B0017720000 Sulphuric acid C01B0017740000 Preparation C01B0017760000 Contact process C01B0017780000 Use of special catalysts C01B0017800000 Apparatus C01B0017820000 Nitrogen oxide processes C01B0017840000 Chamber process C01B0017860000 Tower processes C01B0017880000 Concentration C01B0017900000 Separation; Purification C01B0017920000 Recovery from acid tar and the like C01B0017940000 Recovery from nitration acids C01B0017960000 Methods for the preparation of sulphates in general (particular individual sulphates, see the relevant groups in C01B-C01G; according to the cation);; C01B0017980000 Other compounds containing sulphur and oxygen (persulphuric acids C01B0015060000;persulphates C01B0015080000) C01B0019000000 Selenium; Tellurium; Compounds thereof (phosphorus compounds C01B0025140000);; C01B0021000000 Nitrogen; Compounds thereof C01B0021020000 Preparation of nitrogen (from ammonia C01B0001040000);; C01B0021040000 Purification and/or separation of nitrogen (by liquefying F25J);; C01B0021060000 Nitrides (hard alloys C22);; C01B0021080000 Hydrazoic acid; Azides C01B0021100000 Imido and amido compounds (takes precedence over other groups of C01B;cyanamide C01C) C01B0021120000 Carbamic acid; Inorganic salts thereof (organic salts C07C0125020000);; C01B0021140000 Hydroxylamine; Salts thereof C01B0021160000 Hydrazine; Salts thereof C01B0021180000 containing halogen, e.g. chloramine C01B0021200000 Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof C01B0021220000 Nitrous oxide (N; 2O) C01B0021240000 Nitric oxide (NO) C01B0021260000 Preparation by catalytic oxidation of ammonia C01B0021280000 Apparatus C01B0021300000 Preparation by oxidation of nitrogen C01B0021320000 Apparatus C01B0021340000 Nitrogen trioxide (N; 2O3) C01B0021360000 Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2, N2O4)(C01B0021260000, C01B0021300000 take precedence);; C01B0021380000 Nitric acid C01B0021400000 Preparation by absorption of oxides of nitrogen C01B0021420000 Preparation from nitrates C01B0021440000 Concentration C01B0021460000 Purification; Separation C01B0021480000 Methods for the preparation of nitrates in general (particular individual nitrates, see the relevant groups in C01B-C01G; according to the cation);; C01B0021500000 Nitrous acid; Salts thereof C01B0021520000 Halogen compounds of nitrogen (C01B0021180000 takes precedence);; C01B0021540000 Sulphur compounds of nitrogen C01B0023000000 Noble gases; Compounds thereof; Radon (liquefying F25J);; C01B0025000000 Phosphorus; Compounds thereof (nitrides C01B0021060000);; C01B0025020000 Preparation of phosphorus C01B0025040000 Purification of phosphorus C01B0025060000 Hydrogen phosphides C01B0025080000 Other phosphides C01B0025100000 Halides of phosphorus including compounds containing chalcogens, i.e. sulphur, selenium, tellurium, oxygen C01B0025120000 Oxides of phosphorus C01B0025140000 Sulphur, selenium, or tellurium compounds of phosphorus C01B0025160000 Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof C01B0025180000 Phosphoric acid C01B0025200000 Preparation from elemental phosphorus C01B0025220000 Preparation by the wet process C01B0025240000 Condensed phosphoric acids C01B0025260000 Phosphates (perphosphates C01B0015160000);; C01B0025280000 Ammonium phosphates C01B0025300000 Alkali metal phosphates C01B0025320000 Phosphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B0025340000 Magnesium phosphates C01B0025360000 Aluminium phosphates C01B0025380000 Condensed phosphates C01B0027000000 Arsenic compounds C01B0027020000 Arsenates; Arsenites C01B0029000000 Antimony compounds C01B0029020000 Antimonates; Antimonites C01B0031000000 Carbon; Compounds thereof (carbon black C09C;gas carbon C10B) C01B0031020000 Preparation of carbon; Purification C01B0031040000 Graphite C01B0031060000 Diamond C01B0031070000 Preparation of fibres or fabrics of carbon C01B0031080000 Active carbon C01B0031100000 Preparation by using gaseous activating agents C01B0031120000 Preparation by using non-gaseous activating agents C01B0031140000 Granulation (apparatus B01J0002000000);; C01B0031160000 Preparation of ion-exchanging materials from carbonaceous material C01B0031180000 Carbon monoxide (metal carbonyls C01G);; C01B0031200000 Carbon dioxide C01B0031220000 Solidifying C01B0031240000 Methods for the preparations of carbonates or bicarbonates in general (percarbonates C01B0015100000;particular individual carbonates, see the relevant groups in C01B-C01G; according to the cation); C01B0031260000 Compounds containing carbon and sulphur, e.g. carbon disulphide, carbon oxysulphide; Thiophosgene C01B0031280000 Phosgene C01B0031300000 Carbides (hard alloys C22);; C01B0031320000 Calcium carbide C01B0031340000 Tungsten or molybdenum carbides C01B0031360000 Carbides of silicon or boron C01B0033000000 Silicon; Compounds thereof (nitrides C01B0021060000;carbides C01B0031360000) C01B0033020000 Silicon; Preparation; Purification C01B0033040000 Hydrides of silicon C01B0033060000 Metal silicides (alloys C22);; C01B0033080000 Halides of silicon C01B0033100000 Compounds containing silicon, fluorine, and other elements C01B0033120000 Silica; Hydrates thereof C01B0033140000 Colloidal silica (sols and hydrogels) C01B0033160000 Silica gel C01B0033180000 Finely-divided silica C01B0033200000 Silicates (persilicates C01B0015140000);; C01B0033220000 Magnesium silicates C01B0033240000 Alkaline-earth metal silicates C01B0033260000 Aluminium-containing silicates C01B0033280000 Base exchange silicates (regeneration B01J0001000000);; C01B0033300000 Bleaching earth C01B0033320000 Alkali metal silicates C01B0035000000 Boron; Compounds thereof (boron hydrides C01B0006000000;perborates C01B0015120000; nitrides C01B0021060000; phosphides C01B0025080000; carbides C01B0031360000; hard alloys C22) C01C AMMONIA AND CYANOGEN AND THEIR COMPOUNDS (C01B takes precedence in respect of salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000;peroxides, persalts C01B0015000000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; azides C01B0021080000; imido and amido compounds other than cyanamide and its salts C01B0021100000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; arsenic C01B0027000000; silicates C01B0033200000; antimony C01B0029000000, or boron C01B0035000000) C01C0001000000 Ammonia; Compounds thereof (C01C0003080000, C01C0003140000, C01C0003160000, C01C0003200000 take precedence);; C01C0001020000 Preparation or separation of ammonia C01C0001040000 Preparation of ammonia by synthesis (preparation or purification of gas mixtures for ammonia synthesis C01B0002300000);; C01C0001080000 Preparation of ammonia from nitrogenous organic substances C01C0001100000 Separation of ammonia from ammonia liquors, e.g. gas liquors C01C0001120000 Separation of ammonia from gases and vapours C01C0001140000 Saturators C01C0001160000 Halides of ammonium C01C0001180000 Nitrates of ammonium C01C0001200000 Sulphides; Polysulphides C01C0001220000 Sulphites of ammonium C01C0001240000 Sulphates of ammonium (C01C0001140000 takes precedence);; C01C0001260000 Carbonates or bicarbonates of ammonium C01C0001280000 Methods of preparing ammonium salts in general C01C0003000000 Cyanogen; Compounds thereof C01C0003020000 Preparation of hydrogen cyanide C01C0003040000 Separation from gases C01C0003060000 Stabilisation of hydrogen cyanide C01C0003080000 Cyanides of metals; Complex cyanides C01C0003100000 Alkali metal cyanides C01C0003120000 Iron cyanides; Complexes thereof C01C0003140000 Cyanic acid; Salts thereof C01C0003160000 Cyanamide; Salts thereof (dicyandiamide C07C0129140000);; C01C0003180000 Calcium cyanamide C01C0003200000 Thiocyanic acid; Salts thereof C01D COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS (LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM) (C01C0003140000, C01F, C01G take precedence;metal hydrides C01B0006000000; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000; salts of peracids, metal peroxides C01B0015000000; sulphides C01B0017220000; thiosulphates, hyposulphites, polythionates C01B0017640000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; nitrides C01B0021060000; azides C01B0021080000; imido or amido compounds C01B0021100000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; compounds containing arsenic C01B0027000000; compounds containing antimony C01B0029000000; carbides C01B0031300000; compounds containing silicon C01B0033000000; compounds containing boron C01B0035000000; cyanides C01C0003080000; salts of cyanamide C01C0003160000; thiocyanates C01C0003200000) C01D0001000000 Oxides or hydroxides of sodium and/or potassium C01D0001020000 Oxides of sodium and/or potassium C01D0001040000 Hydroxides of sodium and/or potassium C01D0001060000 Preparation by electrolysis C01D0001080000 with the aid of a liquid cathode C01D0001100000 with a vertical cathode C01D0001120000 with a horizontal cathode C01D0001140000 Regulating the distance between the solid anode(s) and the liquid cathode C01D0001160000 Working up the amalgam C01D0001180000 with the aid of catalysts C01D0001200000 Preparation by reacting oxides or hydroxides with salts of sodium or potassium C01D0001220000 Causticisation of carbonates or bicarbonates of sodium or potassium C01D0001240000 from or via fluorides or silico-fluorides of sodium and/or potassium C01D0001260000 Preparation from or via cyano coumpounds, e.g. cyanides, cyanamides C01D0001280000 Purification; Separation C01D0001300000 by crystallisation C01D0001320000 by adsorption and/or precipitation C01D0001340000 with selective solvents C01D0001360000 by oxidation C01D0001380000 by dialysis C01D0001400000 by electrolysis C01D0001420000 Concentration; Dehydration C01D0001440000 Preparation in the form of granules, pieces, or other shaped products C01D0003000000 Halides of sodium and/or potassium C01D0003020000 Fluorides C01D0003040000 Chlorides C01D0003060000 Preparation by working up brines, seawater or spent lyes C01D0003080000 Preparation by working up natural or industrial salt mixtures or siliceous minerals C01D0003100000 Bromides C01D0003120000 Iodides C01D0003140000 Purification C01D0003160000 by precipitation and/or adsorption C01D0003180000 with selective solvents C01D0003200000 by melting C01D0003220000 Preparation in the form of granules, pieces, or other shaped products C01D0003240000 Influencing the crystallisation process C01D0003260000 Preventing the absorption of moisture and/or caking of the crystals C01D0005000000 Sulphates or sulphites of sodium and/or potassium C01D0005020000 Preparation of sulphates from salts sodium and/or potassium sulphuric acid or bisulphates; Preparation of bisulphates C01D0005040000 Preparation of sulphates with the aid of sulphurous acid or sulphites, e.g. Hargreaves process C01D0005060000 Preparation of sulphates of sodium or potassium by double decomposition C01D0005080000 with each other or with ammonium sulphate C01D0005100000 with sulphates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01D0005120000 Preparation of double sulphates of magnesium with sodium and/or potassium C01D0005140000 Preparation of sulphites (C01D0005040000 takes precedence);; C01D0005160000 Purification C01D0005180000 Dehydration C01D0007000000 Carbonates of sodium and/or potassium C01D0007020000 Preparation by double decomposition C01D0007040000 with a fluoride or silico-fluoride (C01D0001240000 takes precedence);; C01D0007060000 Preparation via sodium or potassium magnesium carbonate C01D0007080000 Preparation from or via cyano compounds of sodium or potassium (C01D0001260000 takes precedence);; C01D0007100000 Preparation of bicarbonates from carbonates (C01D0007180000 takes precedence);; C01D0007120000 Preparation of carbonates from bicarbonates C01D0007140000 Preparation of sesquicarbonates C01D0007160000 Preparation from compounds of sodium or potassium with amines and carbon dioxide C01D0007180000 Preparation by the ammonia-soda process C01D0007200000 Preparation by electrolysis C01D0007220000 Purification C01D0007240000 Crystallisation C01D0007260000 by precipitation and/or adsorption C01D0007280000 with selective solvents C01D0007300000 by oxidation C01D0007320000 by dialysis C01D0007340000 by electrolysis C01D0007360000 Varying the crystal water content of sodium carbonate C01D0007380000 Preparation in the form of granules, pieces, or other shaped products C01D0007400000 Influencing the crystallisation process C01D0007420000 Preventing the absorption of moisture and/or caking C01D0009000000 Nitrates of sodium and/or potassium C01D0009020000 Preparation by working-up natural salt mixtures C01D0009040000 Preparation with liquid nitric acid C01D0009060000 Preparation with gaseous nitric acid or nitrogen oxides C01D0009080000 Preparation by double decomposition C01D0009100000 with ammonium nitrate C01D0009120000 with nitrates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01D0009140000 of salts of potassium with sodium nitrate C01D0009160000 Purification C01D0009180000 Preparation in the form of shaped products, e.g. granules C01D0009200000 Preventing the absorption of moisture and/or caking C01D0011000000 Other compounds of alkali metals C01D0011020000 Compounds of Lithium C01D0011040000 Compounds of rubidium and/or caesium C01F COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, AND OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS (C01C0003140000 takes precedence;metal hydrides C01B0006000000; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000; salts of peracids, metal peroxides C01B0015000000; sulphides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B0017420000; thiosulphates, hyposulphites, polythionates C01B0017640000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; nitrides C01B0021060000; azides C01B0021080000; imido or amido compounds C01B0021100000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; compounds containing arsenic C01B0027000000; compounds containing antimony C01B0029000000; carbides C01B0031300000; compounds containing silicon C01B0033000000; compounds containing boron C01B0035000000; cyanides C01C0003080000; salts of cyanamide C01C0003160000; thiocyanates C01C0003200000) C01F0001000000 Methods of preparing compounds of the metals beryllium, magnesium, aluminium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, thorium, and the rare earths, in general C01F0003000000 Compounds of beryllium C01F0005000000 Compounds of magnesium (double sulphates with sodium and/or potassium C01D0005120000);; C01F0005020000 Magnesia C01F0005040000 by oxidation of metallic magnesium C01F0005060000 by thermal decomposition of magnesium compounds (calcining magnesite or dolomite C04B0003000000);; C01F0005080000 by calcining magnesium hydroxide C01F0005100000 by thermal decomposition of magnesium chloride with water vapour C01F0005120000 by thermal decomposition of magnesium sulphate, with or without reduction C01F0005140000 Magnesium hydroxide C01F0005160000 by treating magnesia, e.g. calcined dolomite, with water or solutions of salts not containing magnesium C01F0005180000 by electrolysis C01F0005200000 by precipitation from solutions of magnesium salts with ammonia C01F0005220000 from magnesium compounds with alkali hydroxides or alkaline-earth oxides or hydroxides C01F0005240000 Magnesium carbonates C01F0005260000 Magnesium halides C01F0005280000 Fluorides C01F0005300000 Chlorides C01F0005320000 Preparation of anhydrous magnesium chloride by chlorinating magnesium compounds C01F0005340000 Dehydrating magnesium chloride containing water of crystallisation C01F0005360000 Bromides C01F0005380000 Magnesium nitrates C01F0005400000 Magnesium sulphates C01F0005420000 Magnesium sulphites C01F0007000000 Compounds of aluminium C01F0007020000 Aluminium oxide; Aluminium hydroxide; Aluminates C01F0007040000 Preparation of alkali metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom C01F0007060000 by treating aluminous minerals with alkali hydroxide C01F0007080000 by treating aluminous minerals with sodium carbonate C01F0007100000 by treating aluminous minerals with alkali sulphates and reducing agents C01F0007120000 Alkali metal aluminates from alkaline-earth metal aluminates C01F0007140000 Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkali metal aluminates C01F0007160000 Preparation of alkaline-earth metal aluminates; Aluminium oxide or hydroxide therefrom C01F0007180000 Aluminium oxide or hydroxide from alkaline-earth metal aluminates C01F0007200000 Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from aluminous ores with acids or salts C01F0007220000 with halides C01F0007240000 with nitric acid and/or nitrogen oxides C01F0007260000 with sulphuric acids or sulphates C01F0007280000 with sulphurous acid C01F0007300000 Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide by thermal decompositon of aluminium compounds C01F0007320000 of sulphates C01F0007340000 Preparation of aluminium hydroxide by precipitation from solutions containing aluminium salts C01F0007360000 from organic aluminium salts C01F0007380000 Preparation of aluminium oxide by thermal reduction of aluminous minerals C01F0007400000 in the presence of aluminium sulphide C01F0007420000 Preparation of aluminium oxide or hydroxide from metallic aluminium, e.g. by oxidation C01F0007440000 Dehydration of aluminium hydroxide C01F0007460000 Purification of aluminium hydroxide or oxide C01F0007480000 Aluminium halides C01F0007500000 Fluorides C01F0007520000 Double compounds containing both fluorine and other acid groups (C01F0007540000 takes precedence);; C01F0007540000 Double compounds containing both aluminium and alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals C01F0007560000 Chlorides C01F0007580000 Preparation of anhydrous aluminium chloride C01F0007600000 from oxygen-containing aluminium compounds C01F0007620000 Purification C01F0007640000 Bromides C01F0007660000 Aluminium nitrates C01F0007680000 Aluminium compounds containing sulphur C01F0007700000 Sulphides C01F0007720000 Sulphites C01F0007740000 Sulphates C01F0007760000 Double salts, e.g. alum C01F0009000000 Preparation of synthetic gem bodies containing compounds of beryllium, magnesium, and/or aluminium C01F0011000000 Compounds of calcium, strontium, and/or barium C01F0011020000 Oxides or hydroxides (production of lime C04B0001000000);; C01F0011040000 by thermal decomposition C01F0011060000 of carbonates C01F0011080000 by reduction of sulphates C01F0011100000 from sulphides C01F0011120000 from silicates C01F0011140000 by electrolysis C01F0011160000 Purification C01F0011180000 Carbonates C01F0011200000 Halides C01F0011220000 Fluorides C01F0011240000 Chlorides C01F0011260000 from sulphides C01F0011280000 by chlorination of alkaline-earth metal compounds C01F0011300000 Concentrating; Dehydrating; Preventing the adsorption of moisture and/or caking C01F0011320000 Purification C01F0011340000 Bromides C01F0011360000 Nitrates C01F0011380000 Preparation with nitric acid and/or nitrogen oxides C01F0011400000 Preparation by double decomposition with nitrates C01F0011420000 Double salts (with magnesium C01F0005380000);; C01F0011440000 Concentrating; Crystallising; Dehydrating; Preventing the adsorption of moisture and/or caking C01F0011460000 Sulphates C01F0011480000 Sulphites C01F0013000000 Compounds of radium C01F0015000000 Compounds of thorium C01F0017000000 Compounds of the rare-earth metals, i.e. scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, and the group of the lanthanides C01G COMPOUNDS OF METALS NOT COVERED BY SUB-CLASSES C01B; TO C01F; (C01C0003140000 takes precedence;metal hydrides C01B0006000000; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B0011000000; salts of peracids, metal peroxides C01B0015000000; thiosulphates, hyposulphites, polythionates C01B0017640000; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B0019000000; nitrides C01B0021060000; azides C01B0021080000; imido or amido compounds C01B0021100000; nitrites C01B0021500000; phosphides C01B0025080000; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B0025160000; compounds containing arsenic C01B0027000000; compounds containing antimony C01B0029000000; carbides C01B0031300000; compounds containing silicon C01B0033000000; compounds containing boron C01B0035000000; cyanides C01C0003080000; salts of cyanamide C01C0003160000; thiocyanates C01C0003200000) C01G0001000000 Methods of preparing compounds of metals not provided for in ; C01B, C01C, C01D; or C01F; in general C01G0001020000 oxides C01G0001040000 carbonyls C01G0001060000 halides C01G0001080000 nitrates C01G0001100000 sulphates C01G0001120000 sulphides C01G0001140000 sulphites C01G0003000000 Compounds of copper C01G0003020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0003040000 Halides C01G0003060000 Oxychlorides C01G0003080000 Nitrates C01G0003100000 Sulphates C01G0003120000 Sulphides C01G0003140000 Complexes with ammonia C01G0005000000 Compounds of silver C01G0007000000 Compounds of gold C01G0009000000 Compounds of zinc C01G0009020000 Oxides C01G0009040000 Halides C01G0009060000 Sulphates C01G0009080000 Sulphides C01G0011000000 Compounds of cadmium C01G0013000000 Compounds of mercury C01G0013020000 Oxides C01G0013040000 Halides C01G0015000000 Compounds of gallium, indium, or thallium C01G0017000000 Compounds of germanium C01G0017020000 Germanium dioxide C01G0017040000 Halides of germanium C01G0019000000 Compounds of tin C01G0019020000 Oxides C01G0019040000 Halides C01G0019060000 Stannous chloride C01G0019080000 Stannic chloride C01G0021000000 Compounds of lead C01G0021020000 Oxides C01G0021040000 Lead suboxide (Pb; 2O) C01G0021060000 Lead monoxide (PbO) C01G0021080000 Lead dioxide (PbO; 2) C01G0021100000 Red lead (Pb; 3O4) C01G0021120000 Hydroxides C01G0021140000 Carbonates C01G0021160000 Halides C01G0021180000 Nitrates C01G0021200000 Sulphates C01G0021220000 Plumbates; Plumbites C01G0023000000 Compounds of titanium C01G0023020000 Halides of titanium C01G0023040000 Titanium oxides C01G0023060000 by hydrolysing titanium salts C01G0023080000 Drying; Calcining C01G0025000000 Compounds of zirconium C01G0025020000 Oxides C01G0025040000 Halides C01G0025060000 Sulphates C01G0027000000 Compounds of hafnium C01G0027020000 Oxides C01G0027040000 Halides C01G0027060000 Sulphates C01G0029000000 Compounds of bismuth C01G0031000000 Compounds of vanadium C01G0033000000 Compounds of columbium C01G0035000000 Compounds of tantalum C01G0037000000 Compounds of chromium C01G0037020000 Chromium oxides or hydroxides C01G0037040000 Chromium halides C01G0037060000 Chromylhalides C01G0037080000 Chromium sulphates C01G0037100000 Chrome alum C01G0037120000 Chromium trioxide, Chromic acid C01G0037140000 Chromates; Bichromates C01G0039000000 Compounds of molybdenum C01G0041000000 Compounds of tungsten C01G0043000000 Compounds of uranium C01G0043020000 Oxides of uranium C01G0043040000 Halides of uranium C01G0043060000 Fluorides C01G0043080000 Chlorides C01G0043100000 Bromides C01G0043120000 Iodides C01G0045000000 Compounds of manganese C01G0045020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0045040000 Carbonyls C01G0045060000 Halides C01G0045080000 Nitrates C01G0045100000 Sulphates C01G0045120000 Manganates; Permanganates C01G0047000000 Compounds of rhenium C01G0049000000 Compounds of iron C01G0049020000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0049040000 Ferrous oxide (FeO) C01G0049060000 Ferric oxide (Fe; 2O3) C01G0049080000 Ferroso-ferric oxide (Fe; 3O4) C01G0049100000 Halides C01G0049120000 Sulphides C01G0049140000 Sulphates C01G0049160000 Carbonyls C01G0051000000 Compounds of cobalt C01G0051020000 Carbonyls C01G0051040000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0051060000 Carbonates C01G0051080000 Halides C01G0051100000 Sulphates C01G0051120000 Complexes with ammonia C01G0053000000 Compounds of nickel C01G0053020000 Carbonyls C01G0053040000 Oxides; Hydroxides C01G0053060000 Carbonates C01G0053080000 Halides C01G0053100000 Sulphates C01G0053120000 Complexes with ammonia C01G0055000000 Compounds of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, or platinum C01G0056000000 Compounds of transuranic elements C01G0057000000 Compounds of metals not covered elsewhere in ; C01G C02 TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER AND SEWAGE (distilling, filtering, separating B01);; C02B TREATMENT OF WATER, e.g. PURIFICATION (adding materials to water to prevent corrosion of metals C23F);; C02B0001000000 Purifying water; Devices therefor (C02B0003000000 takes precedence;separating suspended particles from water B01D; mechanical purification of boiler feed water F22D; devices for feeding reagents for the treatment of water B01J0004000000) C02B0001020000 by heating C02B0001040000 Distillation (in general B01D0003000000);; C02B0001060000 specially adapted for sea water (C02B0001080000 takes precedence);; C02B0001080000 portable apparatus C02B0001100000 by de-gassing C02B0001120000 by freezing C02B0001140000 by adsorption (adsorption in general B01D);; C02B0001160000 using ion-exchange material C02B0001180000 by chemical means C02B0001200000 Flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities C02B0001220000 Softening C02B0001240000 Removal of dissolved silicon compounds C02B0001260000 Removal of dissolved iron or manganese compounds C02B0001280000 by oxidation with air C02B0001300000 Neutralisation of acids C02B0001320000 Removal of dissolved radioactive materials C02B0001340000 Oxidation (C02B0001280000 takes precedence);; C02B0001360000 Adding halogens or compounds of halogens C02B0001380000 with ozone C02B0001400000 by ion-exchange (ion exchange in general B01J0001040000);; C02B0001420000 by cation exchange C02B0001440000 using inorganic exchangers C02B0001460000 using organic exchangers C02B0001480000 using alkali metal salts of organic exchangers in general C02B0001500000 using sulphonated compounds C02B0001520000 using compounds containing carboxylic or phenolic groups C02B0001540000 using compounds containing phosphorus C02B0001560000 by anion exchange C02B0001580000 using inorganic exchangers C02B0001600000 using organic exchangers C02B0001620000 in acid halide-form C02B0001640000 Batch processes C02B0001660000 Column processes C02B0001680000 Multi-bed processes C02B0001700000 Mixed-bed processes C02B0001720000 Processes with moving ion-exchange material C02B0001740000 using ion-exchanging material in the form of sheets, e.g. membranes C02B0001760000 Regeneration of the exchangers C02B0001780000 by treatment with vibrations C02B0001800000 with mechanical oscillations, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations C02B0001820000 by electrolysis, electro-osmosis, dialysis, or electrodialysis (of liquids in general B01D, B01K);; C02B0003000000 Sterilisation of water C02B0003020000 Physical treatment C02B0003040000 Heat treatment C02B0003060000 Chemical treatment C02B0003080000 Oxidation C02B0003100000 Oligodynamic treatment C02B0005000000 Adding scale preventives or scale removers to water, e.g. adding sequestration agents (inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes C23F0014000000);; C02B0005020000 inorganic C02B0005040000 condensed phosphates C02B0005060000 organic C02B0007000000 Physiological amelioration of potable water by specific additives, e.g. trace elements (medicinal water A61K);; C02B0009000000 Other treatments of water C02B0009020000 Non-mechanical aspects of treatment of stretches of water to remove oil pollution (mechanically E02B0015040000);; C02C TREATMENT OF SEWAGE AND WASTE WATER (C02B takes precedence);; C02C0001000000 Treatment of sewage C02C0001020000 Biological purification C02C0001040000 using trickling filters or similar apparatus C02C0001060000 by the activated sludge process C02C0001080000 using circulation pipes C02C0001100000 using means for aeration at the surface of the sludge C02C0001120000 Diffusers C02C0001140000 by digestion; Production of methane C02C0001160000 Tanks provided with a separate digestion compartment C02C0001180000 Mechanical purification C02C0001200000 Sand-retaining means C02C0001220000 Screening devices; Cleaning rakes; Comminuters C02C0001240000 Centrifugal purification of sewage C02C0001260000 Settling tanks; Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material; Mechanical devices for use therewith C02C0001280000 with longitudinal liquid stream C02C0001300000 with mowing scrapers C02C0001320000 with radial liquid stream C02C0001340000 with mowing scrapers C02C0001360000 Discharge devices for sludge C02C0001380000 Devices for separating of removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material (for use in drains leading to the main sewer E03F0005160000);; C02C0001400000 Chemical purification C02C0003000000 Methods or installations for dewatering, drying sewage sludge C02C0005000000 Treatment of waste water (C02C0001000000 takes precedence);; C02C0005020000 by chemical means; by adsorption C02C0005040000 by oxidation C02C0005060000 combined with mechanical purification C02C0005080000 with ion-exchange material C02C0005100000 Biological treatment C02C0005120000 Electrolytic treatment C02C0005140000 Removal of radioactive materials C02D WATER IMPREGNATED WITH CARBON DIOXIDE OR OTHER GASES C02D0001000000 Water impregnated with carbon dioxide or other gases (medicinal bathsmedicinal water A61K, non-alcoholic beverages in general A23; charging liquids with gases, combined with bottling apparatus B67; drawing-up devices B67D) C02D0001020000 Manufacture; Treatment C02D0001040000 Devices therefor C02D0001080000 using gas capsules C02D0001100000 Chemicals for producing carbonated water C03 GLASS; MINERAL AND SLAG WOOL C03B MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, AND SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES C03B0001000000 Preparing the batches C03B0003000000 Charging the melting furnaces C03B0005000000 Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture C03B0005020000 in electric furnaces C03B0005040000 in tank furnaces C03B0005060000 in pot furnaces C03B0005080000 Glass-melting pots C03B0005100000 in combined tank furnaces and pots C03B0005120000 in shaft furnaces C03B0005140000 in revolving cylindrical furnaces C03B0005160000 Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces C03B0005180000 Stirring devices C03B0005200000 Bridges; Shoes or other devices for with-holding dirt or foam C03B0005220000 Cooling; Refining C03B0005240000 Automatically regulating the melting process C03B0005260000 Outlets; Overflows C03B0005280000 Siphons C03B0005300000 Means for taking-off charges of molten glass C03B0005320000 Feeders C03B0005340000 Scoop feeders C03B0005360000 Gathering devices in the form of rods or pipes C03B0005380000 Cutting-off the glass flow with the aid of knives or scissors C03B0005400000 by suction C03B0007000000 Distributors for the molten glass C03B0009000000 Blowing glass C03B0009020000 with the mouth; Auxiliary means therefor C03B0009040000 Making hollow glass articles with feet or projections C03B0009060000 Making hollow glass articles with double walls, e.g. vacuum flasks C03B0009080000 Finish-blowing with compressed air of blanks blown with the mouth C03B0009100000 Blowing glass cylinders for sheet manufacture C03B0009120000 starting from a ribbon of glass C03B0009140000 in machines without turn-over moulds (press-blowing machines C03B0009260000);; C03B0009160000 in machines with turn-over moulds C03B0009180000 Rotary-table machines C03B0009200000 in machines with suction moulds C03B0009220000 Rotary table machines C03B0009240000 Construction of the blank mould C03B0009260000 in press-blowing machines C03B0009280000 in machines of the endless-chain type C03B0009300000 Details of blowing glass C03B0009320000 Giving special shapes to parts of hollow glass articles, e.g. forming screw threads or lips at the mouths of containers C03B0009340000 Glass-blowing moulds except those in the groups ; C03B0009020000 and C03B0009240000 C03B0009360000 Blow heads; Supplying, ejecting, or controlling the air C03B0009380000 Means for cooling, heating, or insulating glass-blowing machines C03B0009400000 Gearing or controlling mechanisms specially adapted for glass-blowing machines C03B0009420000 Means for fusing immediately after the forming C03B0009440000 Means for discharging combined with glass-blowing machines C03B0009460000 Means for cutting the hot glass in glass-blowing machines C03B0011000000 Pressing glass C03B0011020000 in machines with rotary tables C03B0011040000 in machines with moulds fed by suction C03B0011060000 Construction of the plunger C03B0011080000 for making solid articles, e.g. lenses C03B0011100000 for making hollow articles C03B0011120000 Cooling or heating plunger C03B0011140000 with metal inserts C03B0011160000 Gearing or controlling mechanisms specially adapted for glass presses C03B0013000000 Rolling glass C03B0013020000 Rolling non-patterned sheets discontinuously C03B0013040000 Rolling non-patterned sheets continuously C03B0013060000 Rolling corrugated sheets C03B0013080000 Rolling patterned sheets C03B0013100000 Rolling multi-layer sheets C03B0013120000 Rolling glass with enclosures, e.g. wire or asbestos C03B0013140000 Rolling other articles C03B0013160000 Construction of the glass rollers C03B0013180000 Auxiliary means for rolling glass, e.g. sheet supports, gripping devices, hand-ladles, means for moving glass pots C03B0015000000 Drawing glass upwardly from the melt C03B0015020000 Drawing glass sheets C03B0015040000 from the free surface of the melt C03B0015060000 from a debiteuse C03B0015080000 by means of bars below the surface of the melt C03B0015100000 multi-layer glass sheets or glass sheets coated with coloured layers C03B0015120000 Construction of the annealing tower C03B0015140000 Drawing tubes, cylinders, or rods from the melt C03B0015160000 Drawing tubes, cylinders, or rods, coated with coloured layers C03B0015180000 Means for laying-down and conveying combined with the drawing of glass sheets, tubes, or rods C03B0017000000 Forming glass by flowing out, pushing-out, or drawing downwardly or laterally from forming slits or by overflowing over lips C03B0017020000 Forming glass coated with coloured layers C03B0017040000 Forming tubes or rods by drawing from stationary or rotating tools or from forming nozzles C03B0018000000 Shaping glass in contact with the surface of a liquid C03B0018020000 Forming sheets C03B0019000000 Other methods of shaping glass C03B0019020000 by casting C03B0019040000 by centrifuging C03B0019060000 by sintering C03B0019080000 by foaming C03B0019100000 Forming beads C03B0021000000 Severing still-plastic glass sheets, tubes, or rods C03B0021020000 by cutting (C03B0009460000 takes precedence);; C03B0021040000 by punching out C03B0021060000 by flashing-off C03B0023000000 Re-forming shaped glass C03B0023020000 Re-forming glass sheets C03B0023040000 Re-forming tubes or rods C03B0023060000 by bending C03B0023080000 to exact dimensions C03B0023100000 to finished hollow-ware, e.g. test tubes C03B0023120000 to ampoules C03B0023140000 to electric bulbs C03B0023160000 to vacuum bottles C03B0023180000 Re-forming ampoules C03B0023200000 Uniting glass pieces by fusing C03B0023220000 Uniting glass lenses, especially bifocal lenses C03B0023240000 Making hollow glass sheets or bricks C03B0023260000 Punching reheated glass C03B0025000000 Annealing glass products C03B0025020000 in a discontinuous way C03B0025040000 in a continuous way C03B0027000000 Tempering glass products C03B0029000000 Reheating glass products for softening or fusing their surfaces; Fire-polishing; Fusing of margins C03B0029020000 in a discontinuous way C03B0029040000 in a continuous way C03B0031000000 Manufacture of rippled or crackled glass C03B0033000000 Severing cooled glass C03B0033020000 Cutting or splitting sheet glass; Apparatus or machines therefor (glass-cutting tools C03B0033100000);; C03B0033040000 Cutting or splitting in curves, especially for making spectacle lenses C03B0033060000 Cutting or splitting glass tubes, rods, or hollow articles C03B0033080000 by fusing C03B0033100000 Glass-cutting tools C03B0035000000 Mechanical feeding of hot glass articles into annealing or heating kilns C03B0037000000 Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags C03B0037020000 by drawing or pressing C03B0037040000 by centrifuging C03B0037060000 by blowing in molten state C03B0037080000 Nozzles (in general B05B);; C03B0037100000 Non-chemical treatment (C03C0025000000 takes precedence;yarns or threads D02; woven fabrics D03; non-woven fabrics D04) C03B0039000000 The use of lubricants in shaping glass C03C CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES, OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS C03C0001000000 Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, and vitreous enamels C03C0001020000 Pretreated ingredients C03C0001040000 Opacifiers, e.g. fluorides or phosphates; Pigments C03C0001060000 to produce non-uniformly pigmented, e.g. speckled, marbled, or veined products C03C0001080000 to produce crackled effects C03C0001100000 to produce uniformly-coloured transparent products C03C0003000000 Compositions specially applicable to manufacture of glass C03C0003020000 containing materials to produce uncoloured glass C03C0003040000 with silica as the essential glass-former C03C0003060000 with more than 90% silica, e.g. quartz C03C0003080000 with silica and boron oxide as the essential glass-formers C03C0003100000 modified with lead monoxide, barium monoxide, or strontium monoxide C03C0003120000 with glass-formers other than silica C03C0003140000 with boron oxide as the essential glass-former C03C0003160000 with oxides of phosphorus as the essential glass-formers C03C0003180000 with fluorides as the essential glass-formers C03C0003200000 for producing colours developed by special heat-treatment, e.g. gold-ruby C03C0003220000 for crystallised glass C03C0003240000 for glass absorbing selectively outside the visual spectrum C03C0003260000 for photo-sensitive glass C03C0003280000 for luminescent glass C03C0003300000 for glass with other special properties C03C0005000000 Compositions applicable to manufacture of vitreous enamels or glazes C03C0005020000 for opaque enamels or glazes C03C0005040000 using substances which generate gas to opacify the glass, e.g. methylene blue C03C0005060000 containing ingredients for altering the consistency of the slurry C03C0007000000 Compositions specially applicable to manufacture of vitreous enamels C03C0007020000 containing ingredients for securing a good bond between the vitrified enamel and the metal C03C0007040000 for steel (C03C0007020000 takes precedence);; C03C0007060000 for cast iron (C03C0007020000 takes precedence);; C03C0007080000 for light metals C03C0007100000 for copper, silver, or gold C03C0009000000 Compositions specially applicable to manufacture of vitreous glazes C03C0009020000 Engobes C03C0009040000 to produce non-uniformly coloured glazes C03C0011000000 Multi-cellular glass C03C0012000000 Powdered glass C03C0013000000 Chemical composition of glass fibres or slag wool (manufacture C03B0037000000);; C03C0015000000 Surface treatment of glass by etching (etching fibres C03C0025060000);; C03C0015020000 for making a smooth surface C03C0017000000 Surface treatment of glass, other than fibres, by coating C03C0017020000 with glass C03C0017040000 by fritting glass powder C03C0017060000 with metals C03C0017080000 by dry methods (C03C0017200000 takes precedence);; C03C0017100000 by wet methods (C03C0017200000 takes precedence);; C03C0017120000 Silvering C03C0017140000 of plane or curved sheet glass C03C0017160000 Protective coatings for mirrors C03C0017180000 of hollow glass articles on the inside C03C0017200000 Lustring C03C0017220000 with other inorganic material C03C0017260000 with surface colours C03C0017280000 with organic material C03C0017300000 with silicon-containing compounds C03C0017320000 with synthetic or natural resins (C03C0017300000 takes precedence);; C03C0019000000 Surface treatment of glass by mechanical means (sand blasting, grinding, or polishing glass B24);; C03C0021000000 Treatment of glass by diffusing ions or metals in the surface C03C0023000000 Other surface treatment of glass not in the form of fibres C03C0025000000 Surface treatment of fibres or filaments from glass, minerals, or slags C03C0025020000 Coating C03C0025040000 Metallising C03C0025060000 Etching C03C0027000000 Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing (C03C0017000000 takes precedence;joining glass to ceramics C04; wired glass C03B) C03C0027020000 by fusing glass directly to metal C03C0027040000 joining glass to metal by means of an interlayer C03C0027060000 joining glass to glass by methods other than fusing (fusing C03B0023200000);; C03C0027080000 with the aid of intervening metal C03C0027100000 with the aid of adhesive specially adapted for that purpose C03C0027120000 Laminated glass (mechanical features in manufacture of glass laminates part of which is of plastic material B32B);; C03C0029000000 Joining metals with the aid of glass C04 CEMENTS; CERAMICS, etc.; SOUND OR THERMAL INSULATING MATERIALS C04B LIME; CEMENTS; CERAMICS, STONE AND THE LIKE; SOUND OR THERMAL INSULATING MATERIALS C04B0001000000 Lime (hydraulic lime cements C04B0007340000);; C04B0001020000 Burning C04B0001040000 from gypsum C04B0001060000 Slaking C04B0001080000 Devices therefor C04B0003000000 Calcining magnesite or dolomite C04B0005000000 Treatment of slag (manufacture of slag wool C03B;in or for production of metals C21B, C22B) C04B0005020000 Granulating (apparatus B01J0002000000);;Dehydrating; Drying C04B0005040000 Manufacture of porous slag C04B0007000000 Hydraulic cements (calcium sulphate cements C04B0011000000);; C04B0007020000 Portland cement C04B0007040000 using raw materials containing gypsum C04B0007060000 using alkaline raw materials C04B0007080000 white C04B0007100000 coloured C04B0007120000 Pozzuolana cements; Mixtures thereof with hydraulic additives, e.g. Portland cement (cements containing slag C04B0007140000);; C04B0007140000 Cements, containing slag C04B0007160000 containing blast-furnace slag, e.g. cements ready-made in the blast furnace C04B0007180000 Blast-furnace cement; Iron Portland cement C04B0007200000 Slags mixed with lime C04B0007220000 Iron ore cements C04B0007240000 Cements from mineral residues or waste (C04B0007140000 takes precedence);; C04B0007260000 from raw materials containing flue dust C04B0007280000 from combustion residues C04B0007300000 from oil shale residues C04B0007320000 Aluminous cements C04B0007340000 Hydraulic lime cements; Roman cements C04B0007360000 Manufacture of cements in general C04B0007380000 Preparing the batches C04B0007400000 Dehydrating; Forming, e.g. granulating (apparatus for granulating B01J0002000000);; C04B0007420000 Additives for influencing the burning process C04B0007440000 Burning; Melting C04B0007460000 electric C04B0007480000 Clinker treatment C04B0007500000 Cooling; Hydrating C04B0007520000 Grinding C04B0007540000 Addition of substances, e.g. during grinding C04B0007560000 Adding substances to produce improved, e.g. water-repellant, cements (C04B0007540000 takes precedence);; C04B0007580000 to improve the storing properties C04B0009000000 Magnesium cements, e.g. Sorel cement; Cements setting in a similar manner C04B0009020000 Magnesium cements containing chlorides, e.g. Sorel cement C04B0009040000 Magnesium cements containing sulphates, nitrates, phosphates, or fluorides C04B0009060000 Cements containing metals other than magnesium, e.g. zinc, lead C04B0009080000 Chemically-active additives C04B0009100000 Inorganic materials C04B0009120000 Hydraulic cements, e.g. Portland cement C04B0009140000 Organic C04B0009160000 Binding agents C04B0009180000 Dry mixtures ready for use C04B0009200000 Manufacture, e.g. preparing the batches (calcining magnesite or dolomite C04B0003000000);; C04B0011000000 Calcium sulphate cements C04B0011020000 Dehydrating gypsum C04B0011040000 Regeneration of set plaster of Paris C04B0011060000 starting from anhydrite C04B0011080000 Chemically-active additives C04B0011100000 Inorganic materials C04B0011120000 Hydraulic cements, e.g. Portland cement C04B0011140000 Organic materials C04B0011160000 Binding agents C04B0013000000 Mortars based on hydraulic cements (special fillers for mortars C04B0031000000;refractory mortars C04B0035660000) C04B0013020000 Portland cement mortar C04B0013040000 for producing concrete by spraying C04B0013060000 Lime and/or magnesium oxide mortar C04B0013080000 Mortar specially adapted for coating purposes C04B0013100000 made from siliceous raw materials, e.g. trass mixed with quick-lime C04B0013120000 Sand-lime mortar C04B0013140000 Gypsum mortar C04B0013160000 with inorganic fillers C04B0013180000 with organic fillers C04B0013200000 with special additives, e.g. salts C04B0013220000 with inorganic additives C04B0013240000 with organic additives C04B0013260000 containing nitrogen (C04B0013280000 takes precedence);; C04B0013280000 containing sulphur C04B0013300000 binding agents, e.g. bitumen C04B0015000000 Artificial stone, e.g. concrete, based on hydraulic cements C04B0015020000 Light artificial stone, e.g. light concrete (C04B0021000000 takes precedence);; C04B0015040000 Ray-absorbing C04B0015060000 Sand-lime C04B0015080000 containing clay C04B0015100000 containing bitumen C04B0015120000 Hardening processes C04B0015140000 using carbon dioxide C04B0015160000 from asbestos-cement C04B0017000000 Mortars based on magnesium or similarly setting cements; Products therefrom (special fillers for mortars C04B0031000000);; C04B0017020000 with inorganic fillers C04B0017040000 with organic fillers C04B0017060000 Manufacture of articles, e.g. floorings, artificial stone C04B0017080000 After-treatment thereof C04B0019000000 Mortars based on other cements; Products therefrom, e.g. artificial slate (special fillers for mortars C04B0031000000);; C04B0019020000 Mortar specially adapted for coating purposes C04B0019040000 based on water-glass (C04B0019020000 takes precedence);; C04B0019060000 based on sulphur, sulphides, or selenium (C04B0019020000 takes precedence);; C04B0021000000 Porous artificial stone; Porous ceramic ware C04B0021020000 by adding blowing agents C04B0021040000 by dissolving-out added particles C04B0021060000 by burning-out added particles C04B0021080000 by adding porous substances C04B0021100000 by mechanical means C04B0021120000 by using mixed fillers of different diameters C04B0023000000 Artificial stone made from slag C04B0023020000 by casting molten slag C04B0023040000 with additives other than special fillers, e.g. binding agents C04B0023060000 with small quantities of organic binding agents C04B0025000000 Artificial stone formed from inorganic material, other than slag, bound with small quantities of organic binding agents C04B0025020000 Synthetic or natural resins C04B0025040000 Polymerisation products C04B0025060000 Polycondensation products C04B0025080000 Cellulose derivatives C04B0025100000 Cellulose waste liquor C04B0027000000 Artificial stone containing pigments or colouring substances C04B0027020000 Artificial marble C04B0027040000 Veneers C04B0027060000 Mosaic C04B0029000000 Other kinds of artificial stone C04B0029020000 from inorganic fillers with inorganic acids or salts C04B0029040000 with reinforcements C04B0031000000 Special fillers or aggregates for mortars, concrete, artificial stone, ceramics, or abrasive bodies C04B0031020000 inorganic C04B0031040000 Fibres C04B0031060000 Glass; Slag wool C04B0031080000 Asbestos C04B0031100000 Combustion residues, e.g. clinker; Slag C04B0031120000 Slate residue C04B0031140000 Carbonates C04B0031160000 Abrasive fillers, e.g. carbides, nitrides, borides, diamond C04B0031180000 Metal filings C04B0031200000 Clay C04B0031220000 Pumice C04B0031240000 Diatomite C04B0031260000 Mica; Vermiculite C04B0031280000 Pigments, e.g. dyed sand C04B0031300000 organic C04B0031320000 Paper pulp C04B0031340000 Other fibres C04B0031360000 Cellulosic fibres, e.g. peat, reed C04B0031380000 Colours C04B0031400000 Specially-treated fillers C04B0031420000 impregnated C04B0031440000 coated C04B0033000000 Clay-wares (porous products C04B0021000000;refractory mortars or tamping materials C04B0035660000; reinforced clay-wares C04B0035720000) C04B0033020000 Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches C04B0033040000 clay; kaolin C04B0033060000 Rendering lime harmless C04B0033080000 Preventing efflorescence C04B0033100000 Eliminating iron or lime C04B0033120000 additives C04B0033140000 Colouring matters C04B0033160000 Lean materials, e.g. grog, quartz C04B0033180000 for liquefying the batches C04B0033200000 for dry-pressing (C04B0033120000 takes precedence);; C04B0033220000 Grog products C04B0033240000 Manufacture of porcelain or white ware C04B0033260000 of porcelain for electrical insulation C04B0033280000 Slip casting (mechanical features B28B0001260000);; C04B0033300000 Drying methods C04B0033320000 Burning methods C04B0033340000 combined with glazing C04B0035000000 Ceramic products; Ceramic products with outstanding magnetic or electrical properties; Reinforced clay-wares (porous products C04B0021000000;clay-wares without reinforcement C04B0033000000) C04B0035020000 Basic refractory products (C04B0035240000 takes precedence);; C04B0035040000 based on magnesia C04B0035060000 based on dolomite C04B0035080000 based on beryllium oxide C04B0035100000 based on alumina C04B0035120000 based on chromium oxide C04B0035140000 based on silica C04B0035160000 based on silicates other than clay C04B0035180000 rich in alumina C04B0035200000 rich in magnesia C04B0035220000 rich in calcium oxide C04B0035240000 based on spinels C04B0035260000 based on ferrites C04B0035280000 with nickel oxide as the principal oxide C04B0035300000 with zinc oxide C04B0035320000 with cobalt oxide as the principal oxide C04B0035340000 with zinc oxide C04B0035360000 with manganese oxide as the principal oxide C04B0035380000 with zinc oxide C04B0035400000 with rare earth oxide C04B0035420000 based on chromites C04B0035440000 based on aluminates C04B0035460000 based on titanium oxides C04B0035480000 based on zirconium oxide C04B0035500000 based on rare earths C04B0035520000 based on carbon or carbides C04B0035540000 based on graphite C04B0035560000 based on carbides C04B0035580000 based on nitrides, borides or silicides C04B0035600000 by processes involving a melting step C04B0035620000 refractories C04B0035640000 Burning or sintering processes (chemical part) (C04B0033320000 takes precedence;powder metallurgy B22F) C04B0035660000 Refractory mortars or materials for tamping, including those whether or not containing clay C04B0035680000 Refractory or ray-absorbing linings C04B0035700000 Refractory materials containing less than 50% of metallic additives (hard alloys based on carbides, nitrides, borides, or silicides C22C0029000000;alloys containing less than 50% of non-metallic refractory materials C22C0031040000) C04B0035720000 Products with reinforcements; Reinforced claywares C04B0037000000 Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating (laminated products C04B0039000000);; C04B0037020000 with metallic articles C04B0037040000 with articles made from glass C04B0039000000 Laminated products C04B0039020000 with stone layers C04B0039040000 bound together with organic agents C04B0039060000 with bituminous material C04B0039080000 bound together with inorganic agents C04B0039120000 Laminated refractory products C04B0041000000 After-treatment of artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone (grinding, polishing B24);; C04B0041020000 of burned products C04B0041040000 Impregnating (C04B0041220000 takes precedence);; C04B0041060000 Coating C04B0041100000 Cold glazing; Cold glazes (other glazes C03C);; C04B0041120000 Multiple glazing C04B0041140000 Metallising C04B0041160000 Stencilling (printing B41M0001340000);; C04B0041180000 Reliefs (C04B0041420000 takes precedence);; C04B0041200000 of unburned products C04B0041220000 Impregnating C04B0041240000 with inorganic material C04B0041260000 fluorine compounds C04B0041280000 with organic material C04B0041300000 Hardening C04B0041320000 Coating (C04B0041060000 takes precedence);; C04B0041340000 Cold glazing C04B0041360000 Cold glazes (other glazes C03C);; C04B0041380000 Metallising C04B0041400000 Surface inlaying C04B0041420000 Reliefs C04B0041440000 Scraping to make grain visible C04B0043000000 Sound or thermal insulating material not covered elsewhere C04B0043020000 based on inorganic fibres C04B0043040000 on asbestos C04B0043060000 based on diatomite C04B0043080000 based on pumice C04B0043100000 based on mica C04B0043120000 based on organic fibrous materials C04B0043140000 on peat C04B0043160000 on wood wool C04B0043180000 on bast fibres, e.g. straw, reeds C05 MANUFACTURE OF FERTILISERS C05B PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS C05B0001000000 Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulphuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly C05B0001020000 Superphosphates C05B0001040000 Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate C05B0001060000 Ammoniation of superphosphates (fertilisers based essentially on ammonium orthophosphate C05B0007000000);; C05B0001100000 Apparatus for the manufacture of superphosphates C05B0003000000 Fertilisers based essentially on di-calcium phosphate (C05B0011000000 takes precedence);; C05B0005000000 Thomas phosphate; Other slag phosphates C05B0007000000 Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates (C05B0011000000 takes precendence);; C05B0009000000 Fertilisers based essentially on phosphates or double phosphates of magnesium (C05B0011000000 takes precedence);; C05B0011000000 Fertilisers produced by wet-treating or leaching raw materials either with acids in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solutions followed by neutralisation, or with alkaline lyes C05B0011020000 Pretreatment C05B0011040000 using mineral acid C05B0011060000 using nitric acid (nitrophosphates) C05B0011080000 using sulphuric acid C05B0011100000 using orthophosphoric acid C05B0011120000 using aqueous hydrochloric acid C05B0011140000 using wet gaseous acids C05B0011160000 using alkaline lyes C05B0013000000 Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials C05B0013020000 from rock phosphates (C05B0013060000 takes precedence);; C05B0013040000 from metallic phosphorus compounds, e.g. ferro-phosphorus C05B0013060000 Alkali and alkaline earth meta- or polyphosphate fertilisers C05B0015000000 Organic phosphatic fertilisers (bone meal C05B0017000000);; C05B0017000000 Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal C05B0017020000 containing manganese C05B0019000000 Granulation or pelletisation of phosphatic fertilisers other than slag (granulating apparatus B01J0002000000;granulating slag C04B) C05B0019020000 of superphosphates or mixtures containing them C05B0021000000 Mixtures of phosphatic fertilisers C05C NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS C05C0001000000 Ammonium nitrate fertilisers C05C0001020000 Granulation (apparatus B01J0002000000);;Pelletisation; Stabilisation; Colouring C05C0003000000 Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor C05C0005000000 Fertilisers containing other nitrates C05C0005020000 containing sodium or potassium nitrate C05C0005040000 containing calcium nitrate C05C0007000000 Fertilisers containing calcium or other cyanamides C05C0007020000 Granulation (apparatus B01J0002000000);;Pelletisation; De-gassing; Hydrating; Hardening; Stabilisation; Oiling C05C0009000000 Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds C05C0009020000 containing urea-formaldehyde condensates C05C0011000000 Other nitrogenous fertilisers C05C0013000000 Mixtures of nitrogenous fertilisers C05D INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUB-CLASSES ; C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE C05D0001000000 Fertilisers containing potassium (C05D0007000000 takes precedence);; C05D0001020000 Manufacture from potassium chloride or sulphate or double or mixed salts thereof C05D0001040000 from minerals or volcanic rocks C05D0003000000 Calcareous fertilisers (C05D0007000000 takes precedence);; C05D0003020000 from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium compounds C05D0003040000 from blast-furnace slag or other slags containing lime or calcium silicates C05D0005000000 Fertilisers containing magnesium (C05D0007000000 takes precedence);; C05D0007000000 Fertilisers producing carbon dioxide C05D0009000000 Other inorganic fertilisers C05D0009020000 containing trace elements C05D0011000000 Mixtures of fertilisers, each belonging to sub-class ; C05D C05F ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUB-CLASSES ; C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE C05F0001000000 Fertilisers made from animal corpses, or parts thereof C05F0001020000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0003000000 Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure C05F0003020000 Guano C05F0003040000 from human faecal masses C05F0003060000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0005000000 Fertilisers from distillery wastes, molasses, vinasses, sugar plant, or similar wastes or residues C05F0007000000 Fertilizers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses C05F0007020000 from sulphite liquor or other waste lyes from the manufacture of cellulose C05F0007040000 from waste liquors in the potash industry C05F0009000000 Fertilisers from household or town refuse C05F0009020000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0009040000 Biological compost C05F0011000000 Other organic fertilisers C05F0011020000 from peat, brown coal, and similar vegetable deposits C05F0011040000 Horticultural earth ("Gärtnerische Erden") from peat C05F0011060000 Apparatus for the manufacture C05F0011080000 Organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia or the like C05F0011100000 Fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones C05F0013000000 Mixtures of fertilisers, each belonging to sub-class ; C05F C05G MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS BELONGING INDIVIDUALLY TO DIFFERENT SUB-CLASSES OF CLASS ; C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFICALLY FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS (organic fertilisers containing added bacterial cultures, mycelia, or the like C05F0011080000;organic fertilisers containing plant vitamins or hormones C05F0011000000) C05G0001000000 Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different sub-classes of class ; C05 C05G0001020000 of superphosphates with ammonium nitrate C05G0001040000 of Thomas phosphates with potassium compounds C05G0001060000 of alkali or ammonium orthophosphates with ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulphate or other nitrates or potassium compounds C05G0001080000 of ammonium nitrate with limestone or calcium carbonate C05G0001100000 of ammonium sulphate with potassium compounds C05G0003000000 Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with materials not having a specifically fertilising activity C05G0003020000 with pesticides C05G0003040000 with soil conditioners C05G0003060000 with wetting agents C05G0003080000 with agents affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil C06 EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES C06B EXPLOSIVES; MANUFACTURE OF EXPLOSIVE COMPOSITIONS AND EXPLOSIVE COMPOUNDS OF INDEFINITE STRUCTURE; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES (pure compounds C01, C07 or C08;detonating or priming compositions C06C0001000000) C06B0001000000 Explosive compositions based on inorganic nitrates C06B0001020000 Black-powder C06B0001040000 containing ammonium nitrate C06B0003000000 Explosive compositions based on nitrated polyalcohols C06B0003020000 based on nitro-glycerin C06B0005000000 Explosive compositions based on nitrated carbonhydrates, such as gun-cotton C06B0005020000 containing other explosive ingredients C06B0005040000 containing liquid esters of nitric acid C06B0007000000 Explosive compositions based on nitrated aliphatic compounds other than poly-alcohols or carbohydrates C06B0009000000 Explosive compositions based on nitrated aromatic compounds ("Sprengel"-explosives C06B0013000000);; C06B0009020000 based on nitrated phenols C06B0009040000 based on nitrated toluene C06B0011000000 Explosive compositions based on chlorates or perchlorates C06B0013000000 Sprengel-type explosives, i.e. mixtures in which components are separately stored until the moment of explosion C06B0015000000 Explosive compositions not covered elsewhere C06B0015020000 based on nitrated heterocyclic compounds C06B0017000000 Use of single substances as explosives C06B0019000000 Processes for influencing the explosive properties of explosive compositions or ingredients thereof, e.g. producing in special crystalline form C06B0019020000 Surface coating C06B0019040000 Gelatinising C06B0019060000 Stabilising C06B0021000000 Methods of apparatus for the manufacture of explosives C06B0021020000 Non-chemical features, e.g. forming, pressing, cutting, drying, packing C06C DETONATING OR PRIMING COMPOSITIONS; NON-ELECTRIC DETONATORS; FUSES; CHEMICAL LIGHTERS; PYROPHORIC COMPOSITIONS C06C0001000000 Detonating or priming compositions for detonators, primers or blasting caps C06C0001020000 based on fulminates, or inorganic explosives, e.g. azides C06C0001040000 Delay compositions C06C0005000000 Fuses (clockwork or electric fuzes F42C);; C06C0005040000 Detonating fuses C06C0005060000 Fuse igniting means; Fuse connectors C06C0005080000 Devices for the manufacture of fuses C06C0007000000 Non-electric detonators; Blasting caps; Primers C06C0007020000 Manufacture; Packing C06C0009000000 Chemical contact igniters; Chemical lighters C06C0015000000 Pyrophoric compositions; Flints (chemical lighters C06C0009000000;alloys per C22C) C06D FIREWORKS; COMPOSITIONS THEREFOR; MEANS FOR GENERATING SMOKE OR MIST; FULMINATING PARTS OF FLASH-LIGHTS; GAS-ATTACK COMPOSITIONS; GENERATION OF GAS FOR BLASTING OR PROPULSION (CHEMICAL PART) (fuels C10);; C06D0001000000 Fireworks; Compositions therefor; Illuminating and incendiary compositions C06D0001020000 Incendiary compositions (solidifying liquid fuels C10L);; C06D0001040000 Fireworks; Rockets (projecting or launching missiles in general F41);; C06D0001060000 Fire-crackers C06D0001080000 Manufacture C06D0001100000 Flares; Torches; Flash-light powders C06D0003000000 Generation of smoke or mist (chemical part) C06D0005000000 Generation of pressure gas, e.g. for blasting cartridges, starting cartridges, rockets C06D0005020000 by decompressing compressed, liquefied, or solidified gases C06D0005040000 by auto-decomposition of single substances C06D0005060000 by reaction of two or more solids C06D0005080000 by reaction of two or more liquids C06D0005100000 by reaction of solids with liquids C06D0007000000 Compositions for gas-attacks C06F MATCHES; MANUFACTURE OF MATCHES C06F0001000000 Mechanical manufacture of matches C06F0001020000 Cutting match splints (independently of other operations B27L0009000000);; C06F0001040000 Filling match splints into carrier bars; Discharging matches C06F0001060000 Dipping, coating, impregnating, or drying of matches (dipping in general B05C;impregnating in general B27K; coating in general B44D; drying in general F26B) C06F0001080000 Carrier bars C06F0001100000 Guiding means for carrier bars C06F0001120000 Filling matches into boxes (packaging in general B65B);; C06F0001140000 Manufacture of ignition strips C06F0001160000 Manufacture of matches connected together, e.g. in bands or blocks C06F0001180000 Printing on matches or match-boxes when combined with match manufacture C06F0001200000 Applying strike-surfaces, e.g. on match-boxes, on match-books C06F0001220000 Assembling matches C06F0001240000 Safety devices against fire C06F0001260000 Machines for complete match manufacture C06F0003000000 Chemical features in the manufacture of matches C06F0003020000 Wooden strip for matches or substitute therefor C06F0003040000 Chemical treatment before or after dipping, e.g. dyeing, impregnating C06F0003060000 Ignition compositions C06F0003080000 Strike-surface compositions C06F0005000000 Matches (match-books A24F0027120000);; C06F0005020000 Permanent matches C06F0005040000 Wax matches C07 ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (such compounds as the oxides, sulphides, and oxysulphides of carbon, cyanogen, phosgene, hydrocyanic acid and salts thereof C01;macromolecular compounds C08; dyes C09; fermentation products C12) C07B GENERAL METHODS AND APPARATUS OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY C07B0001000000 Hydrogenation C07B0003000000 Oxidation; Dehydrogenation C07B0005000000 Dehydration, i.e. removal of the elements of water from organic substances C07B0005020000 from at least two molecules C07B0007000000 Hydrolysis C07B0009000000 Halogenation C07B0011000000 Nitration C07B0013000000 Sulphonation C07B0013020000 by reacting with sulphonating agents C07B0013040000 by oxidising sulphides, thiocyanates, or other compounds containing sulphur C07B0013060000 Sulphonating apparatus C07B0015000000 Diels-Alder reactions C07B0017000000 Grignard reactions C07B0019000000 Separation of one or both optically-active isomers from a racemic mixture C07B0019020000 by microbiological processes C07B0021000000 Separation of organic compounds by forming complex molecular compounds, e.g. with urea C07B0023000000 Introduction of isotopes of elements into organic compounds C07B0025000000 Decarboxylation C07B0027000000 Alkylation C07B0029000000 Other general methods (telomerisation C08F);; C07B0029020000 Minor chemical modification of existing molecules by microbiological processes C07B0029040000 Generation of organic free radicals C07B0029060000 Preparative methods using electrolytic techniques C07C ACYCLIC AND CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS C07C0001000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from materials which are not hydrocarbons C07C0001020000 from oxides of carbon C07C0001040000 from carbon monoxide with hydrogen C07C0001060000 in the presence of organic compounds, e.g. hydrocarbons C07C0001080000 Isosyntheses C07C0001100000 from carbon monoxide with water vapour C07C0001120000 from carbon dioxide with hydrogen C07C0001140000 with moving catalysts C07C0001160000 with the use of catalysts which are specific for these processes C07C0001180000 Processes involving regeneration of the catalysts C07C0001200000 starting from oxygen-containing organic compounds C07C0001220000 by reduction C07C0001240000 by dehydration C07C0001260000 starting from halogen-containing organic compounds C07C0001280000 by ring closure C07C0001300000 by splitting-off the elements of hydrogen halide from a single molecule C07C0003000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing a different number of carbon atoms C07C0003020000 by polymerisation to form low molecular weight hydrocarbons C07C0003040000 Cyclisation of alkynes C07C0003060000 Hydropolymerisation C07C0003080000 Thermal processes C07C0003100000 Catalytic processes C07C0003120000 with acids and/or their salts C07C0003140000 acids of sulphur and/or their salts C07C0003160000 acids or oxides of phosphorus or their salts C07C0003180000 with inorganic halides, other than hydrogen halide, or complexes thereof C07C0003200000 with metals and/or their oxides C07C0003220000 with moving catalysts C07C0003240000 with irradiation or silent discharges, e.g. voltolisation C07C0003260000 by depolymerisation C07C0003280000 by cracking and dehydrogenation C07C0003300000 Thermal processes C07C0003320000 Catalytic processes C07C0003340000 with metals, metal sulphides, or metal oxides C07C0003360000 with moving catalysts C07C0003380000 by partial combustion C07C0003400000 by hydrocracking C07C0003420000 Catalytic processes C07C0003440000 by thermal treatment of methane or gas mixtures consisting mainly of methane C07C0003460000 non-catalytic processes C07C0003480000 by decomposition of hydrocarbons including methane, with electrical means, e.g. electric arcs C07C0003500000 by alkylation C07C0003520000 Catalytic processes C07C0003540000 with acids, acid anhydrides, salts, or mixtures thereof C07C0003560000 with inorganic halides, other than hydrogen halide, or complexes thereof C07C0003580000 by de-alkylation C07C0003600000 by diene-synthesis C07C0003620000 by averaging, reconstruction or disproportionation C07C0005000000 Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms C07C0005020000 by hydrogenation C07C0005040000 of alkenes C07C0005060000 of alkadienes C07C0005080000 of alkynes or dienes C07C0005100000 of aromatic hydrocarbons C07C0005120000 with moving catalysts C07C0005140000 with the use of catalysts which are specific for these processes C07C0005160000 partial hydrogenation C07C0005180000 by dehydrogenation C07C0005200000 by splitting-off hydrogen with halogens, halogen-containing compounds, sulphur, or sulphur compounds C07C0005220000 by isomerisation C07C0005240000 Catalytic processes C07C0005260000 ring expansion or contraction C07C0005280000 with inorganic halides or complexes thereof C07C0005300000 with the use of catalysts which are specific for these processes C07C0007000000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation; Use of additives C07C0007020000 Separation of individual hydrocarbons from mixtures containing them C07C0007040000 by distillation C07C0007060000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0007080000 by extractive distillation C07C0007100000 by extraction C07C0007120000 by adsorption C07C0007140000 by crystallisation C07C0007160000 separation by solutions of copper salts C07C0007180000 Stabilisation C07C0009000000 Aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons C07C0009020000 Gaseous hydrocarbons C07C0009040000 Methane (production by treatment of sewage C02C0001140000);; C07C0009060000 Ethane C07C0009080000 Propane C07C0009100000 Butanes C07C0009120000 Iso-butane C07C0009140000 Liquid hydrocarbons C07C0009160000 Branched-chain hydrocarbons C07C0009180000 Iso-pentanes C07C0009200000 Iso-octanes C07C0009220000 Solid hydrocarbons C07C0011000000 Aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0011020000 Alkenes C07C0011040000 Ethylene C07C0011060000 Propylene C07C0011080000 Butylenes C07C0011100000 Pentenes C07C0011120000 Alkadienes C07C0011140000 Allene C07C0011160000 Butadienes C07C0011180000 Isoprene C07C0011200000 1,3-Pentadiene C07C0011220000 Alkynes C07C0011240000 Acetylene (production of acetylene gas by wet methods, and its purification C10H);; C07C0011260000 Salts thereof C07C0011280000 Alkenynes C07C0011300000 Vinylacetylene C07C0013000000 Cycloaliphatic saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0013020000 Monocyclic hydrocarbons; Acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0013040000 with a 3-membered ring C07C0013060000 with a 4-membered ring C07C0013080000 with a 5-membered ring C07C0013100000 Cyclopentane C07C0013120000 Cyclopentene C07C0013140000 Unsubstituted cyclopentadienes C07C0013160000 with a 6-membered ring C07C0013180000 Cyclohexane C07C0013200000 Cyclohexene C07C0013220000 Unsubstituted cyclohexadienes C07C0013240000 with a 7-membered ring C07C0013260000 with an 8-membered ring C07C0013280000 Polycyclic hydrocarbons containing no aromatic ring; Acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0013300000 Spiro hydrocarbons C07C0013320000 with condensed rings C07C0013340000 Bicyclobutanes; Bicyclobutenes C07C0013360000 Bicyclopentanes; Bicyclopentenes C07C0013380000 Bicyclohexanes; Bicyclohexenes C07C0013400000 Bicycloheptanes C07C0013420000 Bicycloheptenes C07C0013440000 Bicyclo-octanes; Bicyclo-octenes C07C0013460000 Completely or partially hydrogenated indenes C07C0013480000 Completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalenes C07C0013500000 Decahydronaphthalene C07C0013520000 Completely or partially hydrogenated azulenes C07C0013540000 with 3 condensed rings C07C0013560000 Completely or partially hydrogenated fluorenes C07C0013580000 Completely or partially hydrogenated anthracenes C07C0013600000 Completely or partially hydrogenated phenanthrenes C07C0013620000 with more than 3 condensed rings C07C0015000000 Aromatic hydrocarbons C07C0015020000 Monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives C07C0015040000 Benzene C07C0015060000 Toluene C07C0015080000 Xylenes C07C0015100000 Styrene C07C0015120000 Polycyclic non-condensed aromatic hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0015140000 Diphenyls C07C0015160000 Polyphenylmethanes C07C0015180000 Polyphenylethanes C07C0015200000 Polycyclic condensed hydrocarbons and hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0015220000 Indenes C07C0015240000 Naphtalenes C07C0015260000 Fluorenes C07C0015280000 Anthracenes C07C0015300000 Phenanthrenes C07C0015320000 Tetracenes C07C0015340000 Chrysenes (C07C0171020000 takes precedence);; C07C0015360000 Pyrenes C07C0017000000 Methods of preparing halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0017020000 by addition of halogen to unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0017040000 by addition of halogen to unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0017060000 combined with replacement of hydrogen by halogen C07C0017080000 by addition of hydrogen halides to unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0017100000 by replacing hydrogen by halogen C07C0017120000 in the ring of aromatic compounds C07C0017140000 in the side-chain of aromatic compounds C07C0017160000 by replacing hydroxyl by halogen (C07C0017360000 takes precedence);; C07C0017180000 by replacing carbonyl oxygen by halogen C07C0017200000 by replacing one halogen by another halogen C07C0017220000 by replacing other substituents by halogen C07C0017240000 by heating one or more halogenated hydrocarbons with or without catalysts (C07C0017260000 takes precedence);; C07C0017260000 with simultaneous increase in the number of carbon atoms in the carbon skeleton C07C0017280000 by reaction of halogenated alkanes with unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0017300000 by diene-synthesis C07C0017320000 by introduction of halogenated alkyl groups into ring compounds C07C0017340000 by splitting-off hydrogen halide from halogenated hydrocarbons (C07C0017360000 takes precedence);; C07C0017360000 by reacting a halogenated alkane with an alcohol C07C0017380000 Purification; Separation of mixtures C07C0017400000 Stabilisation C07C0017420000 by addition of stabilisers C07C0019000000 Aliphatic saturated halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0019020000 containing hydrogen C07C0019040000 Chloroform C07C0019060000 Carbon tetrachloride C07C0019080000 containing fluorine C07C0021000000 Aliphatic unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0021020000 Halogenated alkenes C07C0021040000 Chloro-alkenes C07C0021060000 Vinyl chloride C07C0021080000 Vinylidene chloride C07C0021100000 Trichloro-ethylene C07C0021120000 Tetrachloro-ethylene C07C0021140000 containing bromine C07C0021160000 Crotyl bromide C07C0021180000 containing fluorine C07C0021200000 Halogenated butadienes C07C0021220000 Halogenated alkynes C07C0023000000 Cycloaliphatic saturated or unsaturated halogenated hydrocarbons; Acyclic hydrocarbon or acyclic halo-hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0023020000 Monocyclic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0023040000 Halogenated cyclopropanes; Halogenated cyclopropenes C07C0023060000 Halogenated cyclobutanes; Halogenated cyclobutenes C07C0023080000 Halogenated cyclopentanes; Halogenated cyclopentenes C07C0023100000 Halogenated cyclohexanes; Halogenated cyclohexenes C07C0023120000 Hexachlorocyclohexenes C07C0023140000 Halogenated cycloheptanes; Halogenated cycloheptenes C07C0023160000 Halogenated cyclo-octanes; Halogenated cyclo-octenes C07C0023180000 Polycyclic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0023200000 with condensed rings none of which is aromatic C07C0023220000 Halogenated bicyclobutanes; Halogenated bicyclobutenes C07C0023240000 Halogenated bicyclopentanes; Halogenated bicyclopentenes C07C0023260000 Halogenated bicyclohexanes; Halogenated bicyclohexenes C07C0023280000 Halogenated bicycloheptanes C07C0023300000 Halogenated bicycloheptenes C07C0023320000 Halogenated bicyclo-octanes; Halogenated bicyclo-octenes C07C0023340000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated indenes C07C0023360000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated naphthalenes C07C0023380000 with three condensed rings C07C0023400000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated fluorenes C07C0023420000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated anthracenes C07C0023440000 Halogenated completely or partially hydrogenated phenanthrenes C07C0023460000 with more than 3 condensed rings C07C0025000000 Aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0025020000 Monocyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0025040000 Halogenated in the ring C07C0025060000 Monochloro-benzene C07C0025080000 Dichloro-benzenes C07C0025100000 Trichloro-benzenes C07C0025120000 Hexachloro-benzene C07C0025140000 Halogenated in side chains C07C0025160000 Benzotrichloride C07C0025180000 Polycyclic aromatic halogenated hydrocarbons C07C0025200000 Dichloro-diphenyl-trichloro-ethane C07C0025220000 with condensed rings C07C0025240000 Halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons with unsaturated side chains C07C0025260000 Halogenated in the ring C07C0025280000 Halogenated styrenes C07C0027000000 Processes involving the simultaneous production of more than one class of oxygen-containing compounds C07C0027020000 Saponification of organic acid esters C07C0027040000 by reduction of oxygen-containing compounds (C07C0029140000 takes precedence);; C07C0027060000 by hydrogenation of oxides of carbon C07C0027080000 with moving catalysts C07C0027100000 by oxidation of hydrocarbons C07C0027120000 with oxygen C07C0027140000 wholly gaseous reactions C07C0027160000 with other oxidising agents C07C0027180000 by addition of alkynes to aldehydes, ketones, or alkylene oxides C07C0027200000 by oxo-reaction C07C0027220000 with the use of catalysts which are specific for this process C07C0027240000 with moving catalysts C07C0027260000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0027280000 by distillation C07C0027300000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0027320000 by extractive distillation C07C0027340000 by extraction C07C0029000000 Preparation of substances containing their oxygen in the form of alcoholic hydroxyl groups only C07C0029020000 by addition of hydroxyl groups to double bonds C07C0029040000 by hydration of olefines C07C0029060000 using sulphuric acid as catalyst C07C0029080000 using phosphoric acid as catalyst C07C0029100000 by hydrolysis of ethers C07C0029120000 by saponification of inorganic esters C07C0029140000 by reduction of aldehydes C07C0029160000 by oxo-reaction combined with reduction C07C0029180000 with moving catalysts C07C0029200000 by hydrogenation of phenols C07C0029220000 by diene-synthesis C07C0029240000 Purification; Separation of mixtures; Stabilisation C07C0029260000 by distillation C07C0029280000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0029300000 by extractive distillation C07C0031000000 Saturated alcohols having no hydroxy group in a ring (hydrolysis of fats, oils, or waxes C11);; C07C0031020000 Monohydric alcohols C07C0031040000 Methanol C07C0031060000 Preparation by hydrogenation of oxides of carbon C07C0031080000 Ethanol C07C0031100000 Propanols C07C0031120000 Butanols C07C0031140000 Aromatic alcohols C07C0031160000 Benzyl alcohol; Phenylethyl alcohol C07C0031180000 Polyhydric alcohols C07C0031200000 Glycols C07C0031220000 Glycerol C07C0031240000 Pentaerythritol C07C0031260000 Hexitols C07C0031280000 Metal alcoholates C07C0031300000 Alkali-metal or alkaline-earth-metal alcoholates C07C0031320000 Aluminium alcoholates C07C0031340000 Halogenated alcohols C07C0033000000 Unsaturated alcohols having no hydroxy group in a ring C07C0033020000 with one or more double bonds C07C0033040000 with one or more triple bonds carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C07C0033060000 Unsaturated aromatic alcohols C07C0033080000 Cinnamyc alcohol C07C0033100000 Halogenated unsaturated alcohols C07C0035000000 Cycloaliphatic saturated or unsaturated compounds having at least one hydroxy group but no phenolic hydroxyl group; Halogenated derivatives thereof C07C0035020000 Monocyclic C07C0035040000 Cyclopropanols; Cyclopropenols; Cyclobutanols; Cyclobutenols C07C0035060000 Cyclopentanols; Cyclopentenols C07C0035080000 Cyclohexanols C07C0035100000 Preparation by hydrogenation of phenols C07C0035120000 Menthol C07C0035140000 Cyclohexanpolyols C07C0035160000 Inositol C07C0035180000 Cyclohexenols C07C0035200000 Cycloheptanols; Cycloheptenols; Cyclo-octanols; Cyclo-octenols C07C0035220000 Polycyclic condensed cycloalkanols or cycloalkenols C07C0035240000 Bicyclopentanols C07C0035260000 Bicyclopentadienols C07C0035280000 Bicycloheptanols C07C0035300000 Borneol C07C0035320000 Completely or partially hydrogenated indenols C07C0035340000 Completely or partially hydrogenated azulenols C07C0035360000 Completely or partially hydrogenated napthtols C07C0035380000 Completely or partially hydrogenated fluorenols C07C0035400000 Completely or partially hydrogenated anthracenols C07C0035420000 Completely or partially hydrogenated phenanthrols or abietinols C07C0035440000 with more than 3 condensed rings C07C0037000000 Preparation of substances containing phenolic hydroxyl with or without halogen C07C0037020000 by hydrolysis of halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons C07C0037040000 from aromatic sulphonic acids C07C0037060000 by dehydrogenation of cycloaliphatic alcohols or ketones C07C0037080000 by decomposition of hydroperoxides of aromatic hydrocarbons C07C0037100000 from aromatic amines C07C0037120000 Introducing alkyl, halo-alkyl, or hydroxy-alkyl groups into the nucleus of phenols C07C0037140000 using unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0037160000 using alcohols C07C0037180000 using alkyl halides C07C0037200000 using aldehydes or ketones C07C0037220000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0037240000 Extraction from phenol-containing mixtures C07C0037260000 with aqueous alcohols C07C0037280000 with water or alkaline solutions C07C0037300000 with solutions of alkali phenolates C07C0037320000 with liquid ammonia C07C0037340000 from waste aqueous liquors with water-immiscible organic solvents C07C0037360000 combined with solvent recovery C07C0037380000 Distillation C07C0037400000 Steam distillation C07C0037420000 Desulphurisation C07C0037440000 Separation of mixtures of phenols by chemical means C07C0037460000 Separation of m-cresol and p-cresol C07C0039000000 Phenols; Phenols containing halogen C07C0039020000 Monocyclic aromatic hydroxy compounds C07C0039040000 Phenol C07C0039060000 Alkylated phenols C07C0039080000 Dihydroxy-benzenes C07C0039100000 Polyhydroxy-benzenes C07C0039120000 Polycyclic aromatic hydroxy compounds C07C0039140000 Naphtols C07C0039160000 Bis-(hydroxyaryl)-alkanes; Tris-(hydroxyaryl)-alkanes C07C0039180000 Phenols having one or more unsaturated side chains C07C0039200000 Hydroxy-styrenes C07C0039220000 Hydroxy-stilbenes C07C0039240000 Phenols containing halogen C07C0039260000 Monohydroxybenzene containing chlorine; Alkyl or halo-alkyl derivatives thereof C07C0039270000 all halogen atoms being attached to the ring C07C0039280000 Monochlorphenols C07C0039300000 Dichlorphenols C07C0039320000 Trichlorphenols C07C0039340000 Tetrachlorphenols C07C0039360000 Pentachlorphenol C07C0039380000 Naphthols containing halogen C07C0041000000 Preparation of ethers or acetals C07C0041020000 from alkylene oxides C07C0041040000 from alcoholates or phenates C07C0041060000 by addition of organic compounds to unsaturated compounds C07C0041080000 from acetylene C07C0041100000 from alcohols C07C0041120000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0043000000 Ethers; Acetals; Ortho-esters C07C0043020000 Ethers, Ether alcohols C07C0043040000 of aliphatic saturated hydroxy compounds C07C0043060000 Diethyl ether C07C0043080000 Preparation from ethyl alcohol C07C0043100000 with glycols C07C0043120000 containing halogen C07C0043140000 of aliphatic unsaturated hydroxy compounds C07C0043160000 Vinyl ethers C07C0043180000 of cycloaliphatic hydroxy compounds C07C0043200000 of aromatic hydroxy compounds or aromatic alcohols C07C0043220000 Ethers of dihydroxy or polyhydroxy benzenes C07C0043240000 Eugenols; Iso-eugenols C07C0043260000 with glycols C07C0043280000 containing halogen C07C0043300000 Acetals C07C0043320000 Ortho-esters C07C0045000000 Preparation of oxo compounds (aldehydes and/or ketones) C07C0045020000 from hydrocarbons C07C0045040000 by oxidation of unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0045060000 from acetylene C07C0045080000 by oxo-reaction C07C0045100000 with the use of catalysts which are specific for this process C07C0045120000 processes involving regeneration of the catalysts C07C0045140000 by Friedel-Crafts reaction C07C0045160000 by oxidation of hydroxyl-containing compounds C07C0045180000 from carboxylic acids or their salts (C07C0049020000 takes precedence);; C07C0045200000 by reduction C07C0045220000 from epoxyalkanes C07C0045240000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0047000000 Aldehydes C07C0047020000 Acyclic saturated aldehydes C07C0047040000 Formaldehyde C07C0047060000 Acetaldehyde C07C0047080000 Preparation from acetylene C07C0047100000 Low-molecular polymers of formaldehyde or acetaldehyde (trioxane C07D0019000000);; C07C0047120000 Compounds containing more than one aldehyde group C07C0047140000 containing halogen C07C0047160000 Chloral C07C0047180000 Hydroxy-aldehydes, e.g. sugars (oligosaccharides) or their ethers C07C0047200000 Acyclic unsaturated aldehydes C07C0047220000 Acrolein C07C0047240000 containing halogen C07C0047260000 Hydroxy-aldehydes C07C0047280000 Cycloaliphatic saturated aldehydes C07C0047300000 Cyclopentanals C07C0047320000 Cyclohexanals C07C0047340000 Polycycloalkanals C07C0047360000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047380000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated aldehydes C07C0047400000 Cyclopentanals C07C0047420000 Cyclohexenals; Cyclohexadienals C07C0047440000 polycyclic C07C0047460000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047480000 Aralkyl aldehydes, e.g. phenyl acetaldehyde C07C0047500000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047520000 Aromatic aldehydes C07C0047540000 Benzaldehyde C07C0047560000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0047580000 Vanillin C07C0049000000 Ketones C07C0049020000 Preparation from metal carboxylates C07C0049040000 Acyclic saturated ketones C07C0049060000 Monoketones C07C0049080000 Acetone C07C0049100000 Methyl-ethyl ketone C07C0049120000 Diketones C07C0049140000 Acetylacetone C07C0049160000 containing halogen C07C0049180000 Hydroxy-ketones C07C0049200000 Acyclic unsaturated ketones C07C0049220000 Ketenes C07C0049240000 Hydroxy-ketones C07C0049260000 Cycloaliphatic saturated ketones C07C0049270000 in which each keto group forms part of a ring C07C0049280000 Cyclopentanones C07C0049300000 Cyclohexanones C07C0049320000 Cycloheptanones C07C0049340000 Cyclo-octanones C07C0049360000 Poly(cycloalkan)ones C07C0049380000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049400000 Hydroxycyclopentanones C07C0049420000 Hydroxycyclohexanones C07C0049430000 in which no keto group forms part of a ring C07C0049440000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated ketones C07C0049450000 in which each keto group forms part of a ring C07C0049460000 Cyclopentenones, e.g. reductic acid C07C0049480000 Cyclohexenones C07C0049500000 Cycloheptenones C07C0049520000 Cyclo-octenones C07C0049540000 Poly(cycloalken)ones C07C0049560000 containing hydroxy groups C07C0049580000 Hydroxycyclopentenones C07C0049600000 Hydroxycyclohexenones C07C0049610000 in which no keto group forms part of a ring C07C0049620000 Quinones C07C0049640000 Benzoquinones C07C0049660000 Naphthoquinones, e.g. Vitamin K C07C0049680000 Anthraquinones C07C0049700000 Phenanthraquinones C07C0049720000 Quinones with more than 3 rings C07C0049740000 Hydroxyquinones C07C0049760000 Aromatic ketones C07C0049780000 Acetophenone C07C0049800000 containing halogen C07C0049820000 Aromatic hydroxy-ketones C07C0051000000 Preparation of carboxylic acids or their salts, halides, or anhydrides (of acids by hydrolysis of oils, fats, or waxes C11C);; C07C0051020000 by acidifying salts or carboxylic acids C07C0051040000 by saponification of carboxylic acid halides C07C0051060000 by saponification of carboxylic acid amides C07C0051080000 by saponification of nitriles C07C0051090000 by saponification of esters C07C0051100000 by reacting saturated oxygen-containing organic compounds with carbon monoxide C07C0051120000 by reacting saturated alcohols with carbon monoxide C07C0051140000 by reacting unsaturated organic compounds with carbon monoxide C07C0051160000 by oxidation (C07C0051400000 takes precedence);; C07C0051180000 of cyclic compounds with splitting of the ring (C07C0051320000 takes precedence);; C07C0051200000 of hydrocarbons (C07C0051320000 takes precedence);; C07C0051220000 of paraffin waxes C07C0051240000 of oxygen-containing compounds C07C0051260000 of primary alcohols or aldehydes (C07C0051300000 takes precedence);; C07C0051280000 of secondary alcohols or ketones (C07C0051300000 takes precedence);; C07C0051300000 by fusing alcohols with caustic alkali C07C0051320000 of unsaturated organic compounds C07C0051340000 by hydrolysis of ozonides C07C0051360000 by hydrogenation of unsaturated carboxylic acids C07C0051380000 by splitting-off carbon dioxide from polybasic carboxylic acids C07C0051400000 by electrolytic processes C07C0051420000 Separation; Concentration; Purification C07C0051440000 by distillation C07C0051460000 by azeotropic distillation C07C0051480000 by extraction C07C0051500000 Stabilisation C07C0051520000 Preparation of salts from carboxylic acids (soap ; C11D) or from other salts C07C0051540000 Preparation of carboxylic acid anhydrides C07C0051560000 from organic acids, their salts, or their esters C07C0051580000 Preparation of acid halides C07C0053000000 Acyclic saturated monobasic carboxylic acids; Anhydrides or halides thereof (acyclic hydroxy, aldehyde or ketonic carboxylic acids C07C0059000000);; C07C0053020000 Formic acid C07C0053040000 Preparation from carbon monoxide C07C0053060000 Salts thereof C07C0053080000 Acetic acid (pyroligneous acid C10C;preparation of vinegar C12J) C07C0053100000 Salts thereof C07C0053120000 Acetic anhydride (ketene C07C0049200000);; C07C0053140000 Acetyl halides C07C0053160000 Halogenated acetic acids C07C0053180000 Fluoro-acetic acids C07C0053200000 Halides thereof C07C0053220000 Acids containing 3 or more carbon atoms C07C0053240000 Salts thereof C07C0053260000 Anhydrides thereof C07C0053280000 Mixed anhydrides C07C0053300000 Halides thereof C07C0053320000 containing halogen C07C0053340000 containing fluorine C07C0053360000 Halides thereof C07C0055000000 Acyclic saturated polybasic carboxylic acids; (acyclic hydroxy, aldehyde or ketonic carboxylic acids C07C0059000000);; C07C0055020000 Dibasic carboxylic acids C07C0055040000 Preparation by oxidation of cyclic compounds C07C0055060000 Oxalic acid C07C0055080000 Malonic acid C07C0055100000 Succinic acid C07C0055120000 Glutaric acid C07C0055140000 Adipic acid C07C0055160000 Pimelic acid C07C0055180000 Azelaic acid C07C0055200000 Sebacic acid C07C0055220000 Tribasic carboxylic acids C07C0055240000 Acids containing more than 3 carboxylic groups C07C0057000000 Acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids (acyclic hydroxy, aldehyde or ketonic carboxylic acids C07C0059000000);; C07C0057020000 with one or more double bonds C07C0057040000 Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid C07C0057060000 substituted by halogen C07C0057080000 Crotonic acid C07C0057100000 Sorbic acid C07C0057120000 Oleic acid; Elaidic acid; Linoleic acids; Elaeostearic acid C07C0057140000 Maleic acid; Fumaric acid C07C0057160000 Muconic acid C07C0057180000 with one or more triple bonds C07C0057200000 Propiolic acid C07C0057220000 Acetylene dicarboxylic acid C07C0057240000 Diacetylene or polyacetylene dicarboxylic acids C07C0059000000 Acyclic hydroxy-, aldehydo-, or ketonic-carboxylic acids; Sugar acids; Ethers thereof (ascorbic acid C07D0005120000);; C07C0059020000 Saturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0059040000 Monobasic monohydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0059060000 Glycollic acid C07C0059080000 Lactic acid C07C0059100000 Monobasic polyhydroxy carboxylic acids C07C0059120000 Polybasic hydroxy carboxylic acids C07C0059140000 Tartaric acid C07C0059160000 Citric acid C07C0059180000 Unsaturated hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0059200000 Ricinoleic acid C07C0059220000 Ethers of hydroxy acids C07C0059240000 Aryl ethers C07C0059260000 Phenoxy acetic acids C07C0059280000 Aldehydo-carboxylic acids C07C0059300000 Glyoxylic acid C07C0059320000 Ketonic-carboxylic acids C07C0059340000 Pyruvic acid C07C0059360000 Acetoacetic acid C07C0059380000 Sugar acids; e.g. gluconic, glucuronic, or saccharic acid C07C0061000000 Cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0061020000 Cycloaliphatic saturated carboxylic acids C07C0061040000 Cyclopropane or cyclobutane carboxylic acids C07C0061060000 Cyclopentane carboxylic acids C07C0061080000 Cyclohexane carboxylic acids C07C0061100000 Cycloheptane or cyclo-octane carboxylic acids C07C0061120000 Polycycloalkane carboxylic acids C07C0061140000 Completely hydrogenated phenanthrene carboxylic acids C07C0061160000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated carboxylic acids C07C0061180000 Cyclopropene or cyclobutene carboxylic acids C07C0061200000 Cyclopentene carboxylic acids C07C0061220000 Cyclohexene carboxylic acids C07C0061240000 Partially hydrogenated phthelic acids C07C0061260000 Cycloheptene or cyclo-octene carboxylic acids C07C0061280000 Polycycloalkene carboxylic acids C07C0061300000 Partially hydrogenated phenanthrene carboxylic acids containing no aromatic ring, e.g. abietic acids C07C0061320000 Cycloaliphatic hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0061340000 Cycloaliphatic aldehydo-carboxylic acids C07C0061360000 Cycloaliphatic ketonic-carboxylic acids C07C0063000000 Aromatic carboxylic acids; Araliphatic carboxylic acids; Anhydrides or halides thereof C07C0063020000 Preparation by oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons C07C0063040000 Monocyclic aromatic monobasic carboxylic acids C07C0063060000 Benzoic acid C07C0063080000 Salts thereof C07C0063100000 Halides thereof C07C0063120000 containing halogen C07C0063140000 Monocyclic aromatic dibasic carboxylic acids C07C0063160000 o-Phthalic acid C07C0063180000 Anhydride thereof C07C0063200000 Salts thereof C07C0063220000 Halides thereof C07C0063240000 Isophthalic acid C07C0063260000 Terephthalic acid C07C0063280000 Salts thereof C07C0063300000 Halides thereof C07C0063320000 Monocyclic aromatic carboxylic acids with 3 or more carboxylic groups C07C0063340000 Naphthalene carboxylic acids C07C0063360000 Monobasic C07C0063380000 Dibasic C07C0063400000 Polybasic C07C0063420000 Polycyclic aromatic carboxylic acids with three or more rings C07C0063440000 Monobasic C07C0063460000 Dibasic C07C0063480000 Polybasic C07C0063500000 Araliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0063520000 Monobasic C07C0063540000 Phenylacetic acid C07C0063560000 Polybasic C07C0063580000 Phenylmalonic acid C07C0063600000 Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids with unsaturated side chains C07C0063620000 Cinnamic acid C07C0065000000 Aromatic or araliphatic hydroxy-, aldehydo-, or ketonic-carboxylic acids; Ethers thereof C07C0065020000 Monocyclic hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0065040000 Phenol carboxylic acids having all the carboxyl groups attached to the ring; Acyclic hydrocarbon derivatives thereof C07C0065060000 Salts thereof C07C0065080000 Ethers thereof C07C0065100000 Salicylic acid; Salts thereof C07C0065120000 C-alkyl salicylic acids; Salts thereof C07C0065140000 Polycyclic hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0065160000 with all hydroxyl and carboxyl groups attached to naphthalene; Hydrocarbyl derivatives thereof C07C0065180000 Aromatic or araliphatic aldehydo-carboxylic acids C07C0065200000 Aromatic or araliphatic ketonic-carboxylic acids C07C0067000000 Preparation of ethers of carboxylic acids C07C0067020000 by ester interchange C07C0067040000 by reacting organic acids with unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0067060000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation C07C0069000000 Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acids C07C0069020000 Esters of acyclic saturated carboxylic acids C07C0069040000 Formates C07C0069060000 of monohydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069080000 of dihydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069100000 of trihydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069120000 Acetates C07C0069140000 of monohydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069160000 of dihydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069180000 of trihydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069200000 of alcohols or phenols with more than three hydroxyl groups, e.g. sugars C07C0069220000 Esters of acyclic monobasic carboxylic acids containing 3 carbon atoms or more in the acid residue C07C0069240000 of monohydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069260000 Synthetic waxes C07C0069280000 of dihydric alcohols or phenols C07C0069300000 of trihydric alcohols or phenols (fats, oils C11B);; C07C0069320000 of alcohols or phenols with more than three hydroxyl groups e.g. sugars C07C0069340000 Esters of acyclic saturated polycarboxylic acids C07C0069360000 Oxalates C07C0069380000 Malonates C07C0069400000 Succinates C07C0069420000 Glutarates C07C0069440000 Adipates C07C0069460000 Pimelates C07C0069480000 Azelates C07C0069500000 Sebacates C07C0069520000 Esters of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids C07C0069540000 Acrylates; Methacrylates C07C0069560000 Crotonates C07C0069580000 Oleates C07C0069600000 Maleates; Fumarates C07C0069620000 Halogen-containing esters C07C0069640000 Esters of halogenated formic acids C07C0069660000 Esters of acyclic hydroxy-, aldehydo-, or ketonic-carboxylic acids; Ethers thereof C07C0069680000 Lactates C07C0069700000 Tartrates C07C0069720000 Acetoacetates C07C0069740000 Esters of cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0069760000 Esters of aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0069780000 Benzoates C07C0069800000 Phthalates C07C0069820000 Terephthalates C07C0069840000 of acids covered by ; C07C0065040000 C07C0069860000 with esterified hydroxyl groups C07C0069880000 with esterified carboxyl groups C07C0069900000 with esterified hydroxyl and carboxyl groups C07C0069920000 of acids covered by ; C07C0065080000 C07C0069940000 of acids covered by ; C07C0065160000; acids with all hydroxyl and the carboxyl groups attached to naphthaleneof hydrocarbon derivates therefor C07C0071000000 Esters of oxyacids of halogens C07C0073000000 Peroxides, Peroxyacids C07C0073020000 Diacylperoxides C07C0073040000 Diacetylperoxide C07C0073060000 Hydroperoxides C07C0073080000 Cumene hydroperoxide C07C0073100000 Peroxyacids C07C0073120000 Peracetic acid C07C0075000000 Ozonides C07C0077000000 Esters of nitric acid or nitrous acid C07C0077020000 Esters of nitric acid C07C0077040000 Glycerol trinitrate C07C0079000000 Nitro compounds (esters of nitric acid C07C0077020000);; C07C0079020000 Nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079040000 Acyclic saturated nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079060000 Acyclic unsaturated nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079080000 Cycloaliphatic nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079100000 Aromatic nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079120000 Halogenated nitro-hydrocarbons C07C0079140000 Separation; Purification; Stabilisation C07C0079160000 Nitro-hydroxy compounds; Esters or ethers thereof C07C0079180000 Acyclic nitro-hydroxy compounds C07C0079200000 Cycloaliphatic nitro-hydroxy compounds; Esters thereof C07C0079220000 Aromatic nitro-hydroxy compounds; Esters thereof C07C0079240000 with all the hydroxyl and nitro groups attached directly to an aromatic nucleus; Esters thereof C07C0079260000 monocyclic mono-nitro phenols; Esters thereof C07C0079280000 monocyclic di-nitro phenols; Esters thereof C07C0079300000 monocyclic tri-nitro phenols; Esters thereof C07C0079320000 containing halogen; Esters thereof C07C0079340000 Ethers of nitro-hydroxy compounds C07C0079360000 Nitro-aldehydes; Nitro-ketones C07C0079380000 Nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079400000 Aliphatic nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079420000 Nitro-acetic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079440000 Cycloaliphatic nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0079460000 Aromatic nitro-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0081000000 Nitroso compounds (esters of nitrous acid C07C0077000000);; C07C0081020000 Nitroso-hydrocarbons C07C0081040000 Nitroso-hydroxy compounds C07C0081060000 Nitroso-aldehydes; Nitroso-ketones C07C0081080000 Nitroso-carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0083000000 Hydroxylamino compounds (oximes C07C0131000000);; C07C0083020000 Hydroxylamino hydrocarbons C07C0083040000 Hydroxylamino hydroxy compounds C07C0083060000 Hydroxylamino aldehydes; Hydroxylamino ketones C07C0083080000 Hydroxylamino carboxylic acids; Esters thereof C07C0085000000 Preparation of amines; Preparation of quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0085020000 from compounds containing replaceable groups and ammonia or amines C07C0085040000 from halogenated compounds and ammonia or amines C07C0085060000 from hydroxyl-containing compounds and with ammonia or amines C07C0085080000 from aldehydes or ketones and ammonia or amines C07C0085100000 by reduction of nitro compounds, nitroso compounds or hydroxyimino compounds C07C0085120000 by reduction of carboxylic acid amides or nitriles C07C0085140000 by reduction of unsaturated amines C07C0085160000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0087000000 Primary, secondary, or tertiary amines; Quarternary ammonium compounds C07C0087020000 with aliphatically or cycloaliphatically bound nitrogen C07C0087040000 Acyclic saturated amines C07C0087060000 Monoamines C07C0087080000 Mono-, di-, or tri-methylamine C07C0087100000 Mono-, di-, or tri-ethylamine C07C0087120000 Alkylamines containing only n- or iso-propyl groups C07C0087123000 Amines containing one, two, or three alkyl groups, each having the same number of carbon atoms in excess of three C07C0087127000 Amines containing alkyl groups with differing numbers of carbon atoms C07C0087140000 Diamines C07C0087160000 Ethylene diamines C07C0087180000 Propylene diamines C07C0087200000 Amines containing 3 or more amino groups C07C0087220000 Halogenated and/or nitro amines (N-nitramines C07C0111000000);; C07C0087240000 Acyclic unsaturated amines C07C0087260000 Unsaturated halogenated amines C07C0087280000 Aralkylamines C07C0087300000 Quaternary compounds with aliphatically bound nitrogen C07C0087320000 Cycloaliphatic amines C07C0087340000 Monocyclic C07C0087360000 Cyclohexylamines C07C0087380000 Cycloalkanpolyamines C07C0087400000 Polycyclic C07C0087420000 Completely hydrogenated amino indanes C07C0087440000 Amino decahydronaphthalenes C07C0087460000 Quaternary compounds of cycloaliphatic amines C07C0087480000 with aromatically-bound nitrogen C07C0087500000 with one or more monocyclic rings bound to nitrogen C07C0087520000 Aniline C07C0087540000 Diphenylamine C07C0087560000 Toluidines; Homologues thereof C07C0087580000 Phenylene diamines C07C0087600000 containing halogen and/or nitro groups (N-nitramines C07C0111000000);; C07C0087620000 N-alkylated amines C07C0087640000 with one or more condensed ring systems bound to nitrogen C07C0087660000 Naphthylamines C07C0087680000 Quaternary compounds of amines with aromatically bound nitrogen C07C0089000000 Preparation of hydroxy amines C07C0089020000 by reacting olefin oxides or halohydrins with ammonia or amines C07C0089040000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0091000000 Primary, secondary, or tertiary hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0091020000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxyl group and at least one amino group are aliphatically bound to the same carbon skeleton C07C0091040000 Alkanolamines C07C0091060000 N-alkyl or N-aryl alkanolamines C07C0091080000 N-Aminoalkyl alkanolamines C07C0091100000 Aminoalkanpolyols (polyhydroxy monoamino alkanes) C07C0091120000 Polyamine alkanols (mono- or polyhydroxy polyamino-alkanes) C07C0091140000 in which one or more cycloaliphatic saturated rings constitute, or form part of, the carbon skeleton C07C0091160000 in which one or more aryl groups constitute, or form part of, the carbon skeleton C07C0091180000 containing more than one hydroxyl group aliphatically bound to the carbon skeleton C07C0091200000 1-Phenyl-2-aminopropanediols-(1,3) C07C0091220000 Aminoalkyl phenyl alkanols; Aminoalkyl phenyl alkanolamines C07C0091240000 the carbon skeleton being unsaturated C07C0091260000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0091280000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxyl group is aromatically bound and at least one amino group is aliphatically bound to the same carbon skeleton C07C0091300000 Aminoalkyl phenols C07C0091320000 containing more than one phenolic hydroxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton C07C0091340000 Hydroxy-aminoalkyl phenols C07C0091360000 Adrenaline C07C0091380000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0091400000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxyl group is aliphatically bound and at least one amino group is aromatically bound to the same carbon skeleton; Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0091420000 Hydroxy amines in which at least one hydroxy group and at least one amino group are aromatically bound to the same carbon skeleton C07C0091440000 Aminophenols C07C0091460000 Aminonaphthols C07C0091480000 Aminohydroxyanthracenes C07C0091500000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0093000000 Ethers and/or esters of hydroxy amines C07C0093020000 Ethers of acyclic saturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093040000 Alkoxy derivatives of saturated alkylamines C07C0093060000 Aroxy derivatives of saturated alkylamines C07C0093080000 Aralkoxy derivatives of saturated alkylamines, e.g. dialkylaminoalkyl ethers of benzhydrol C07C0093100000 Ethers of acyclic unsaturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093120000 Ethers of cycloaliphatic hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093140000 Ethers of hydroxy amines, having aromatically bound hydroxy and/or amino; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093160000 Esters of acyclic saturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093180000 with aliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0093200000 with aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0093220000 Esters of acyclic unsaturated hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093240000 Esters of cycloaliphatic hydroxy amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0093260000 Esters of hydroxy amines, having aromatically bound hydroxy and/or amino; Quaternary ammonium compounds thereof C07C0095000000 Compounds containing amino or quaternary ammonium, together with aldehydo groups; Hydroxy derivatives and/or their ethers or esters C07C0095020000 Aliphatic compounds C07C0095040000 Amino sugars C07C0095060000 Cycloaliphatic compounds C07C0095080000 Aromatic compounds C07C0097000000 Compounds containing amino or quaternary ammonium, together with ketonic groups; Hydroxy derivatives and/or their ethers or esters C07C0097020000 Aliphatic compounds C07C0097040000 Amino sugars C07C0097060000 Cycloaliphatic compounds C07C0097080000 Amino benzoquinones C07C0097100000 Aromatic compounds C07C0097120000 Amino anthraquinones C07C0097140000 Amino hydroxy anthraquinones C07C0097160000 Colchicine C07C0099000000 Preparation of amino carboxylic acids C07C0099020000 from proteins (protein hydrolysates for soups etc. A23L0001420000);; C07C0099040000 from lactones C07C0099060000 from lactams C07C0099080000 from hydantoins C07C0099100000 from amino nitriles C07C0099120000 Separation; Purification C07C0101000000 Compounds containing amino or quaternary ammonium, together with carboxylic groups; Esters thereof; Hydroxy derivatives thereof including their ethers and/or esters C07C0101020000 Amino carboxylic acids with aliphatically or cycloaliphatically bound nitrogen and carboxyl C07C0101040000 Monoamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101060000 Amino acetic acid C07C0101080000 Alanines C07C0101100000 Halogenated and/or nitrated derivatives C07C0101120000 N-alkyl derivatives C07C0101140000 N-cycloalkyl derivatives C07C0101160000 N-aryl derivatives C07C0101180000 Esters of aliphatic saturated monoamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101200000 Monoamino polycarboxylic acids C07C0101220000 Asparaginic acid; Glutamic acid C07C0101240000 Polyamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101260000 Polyamino polycarboxylic acids C07C0101280000 Unsaturated amino carboxylic acids C07C0101300000 Hydroxy amino carboxylic acids C07C0101320000 Phenylserines C07C0101340000 Amino carboxylic acids aldehydes and/or ketones C07C0101360000 with cycloaliphatically-bound nitrogen and carboxyl C07C0101380000 Unsaturated C07C0101400000 containing hydroxy and/or aldehyde and/or ketonic groups C07C0101420000 Amino carboxylic acids with aliphatically-bound nitrogen and aromatically-bound carboxyl C07C0101440000 Amino carboxylic acids with aromatically-bound nitrogen and aliphatically-bound carboxyl C07C0101460000 Amino cinnamic acid C07C0101480000 Amino carboxylic acids with both amino and carboxyl aromatically bound C07C0101500000 Monoamino monocarboxylic acids C07C0101520000 deriving from benzene C07C0101540000 o- or m-amino benzoic acid C07C0101560000 p-amino benzoic acid C07C0101580000 Halogenated and/or nitrated p-amino benzoic acids C07C0101600000 N-substituted p-amino benzoic acids C07C0101620000 Esters thereof C07C0101640000 deriving from homologues of benzene C07C0101660000 Monoamino polycarboxylic acids deriving from benzene C07C0101680000 Polyamino carboxylic acids deriving from benzene C07C0101700000 Amino naphthoic acids C07C0101720000 Aromatic hydroxy amino carboxylic acids C07C0101740000 Amino salicylic acids C07C0101760000 Amino hydroxy naphthoic acids C07C0101780000 Aromatic amino carboxylic acid aldehydes and/or ketones C07C0103000000 Carboxylic acid amides C07C0103020000 Preparation of amides C07C0103040000 from acids C07C0103060000 from esters C07C0103080000 from nitriles C07C0103100000 Amides of aliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0103120000 of aliphatic monocarboxylic acids C07C0103140000 of aliphatic polycarboxylic acids C07C0103160000 of aliphatic hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0103180000 of aliphatic amino carboxylic acids C07C0103190000 Amides of cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids, e.g. tetracycline C07C0103200000 Amides of aromatic carboxylic acids C07C0103220000 of aromatic monocarboxylic acids C07C0103240000 of aromatic polycarboxylic acids C07C0103260000 of aromatic hydroxy-carboxylic acids C07C0103280000 of aromatic amino carboxylic acids C07C0103300000 N-substituted carboxylic acid amides C07C0103320000 of acyclic saturated carboxylic acids C07C0103340000 in which the substituent groups are hydrocarbon groups C07C0103360000 Dimethyl formamide C07C0103380000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by OH or SH; Ethers and esters of these compounds C07C0103400000 The N-dichloracetyl derivative of 1-(4-nitrophenyl)-2-amino-1,3-propanediol (chloramphenicol) C07C0103420000 the hydrocarbon or hydrocarbon groups being substituted by aldehydo and/or ketonic groups C07C0103440000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by NH; 2 or substituted NH2 groups C07C0103460000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by COOH groups; Esters these compounds C07C0103480000 the hydrocarbon groups being acyclic C07C0103500000 Amides of acyclic saturated amino carboxylic acids C07C0103520000 Peptides (including peptides which contain isocyclic and heterocyclic groups); C07C0103540000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0103560000 of acyclic unsaturated carboxylic acids C07C0103580000 in which the substituent groups are hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon groups C07C0103600000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by OH and/or SH; Ethers and esters of these compounds C07C0103620000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by aldehydo and/or ketonic groups C07C0103640000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by NH; 2 or substituted NH2 groups C07C0103660000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by COOH groups; Esters of these compounds C07C0103680000 Amides of acyclic unsaturated amino carboxylic acids C07C0103700000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C07C0103720000 N-halogenated amides of acyclic carboxylic acids C07C0103740000 of isocyclic carboxylic acids (peptides containing isocyclic groups C07C0103520000);; C07C0103760000 in which the substituent groups are hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon groups C07C0103780000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by OH and/or SH; Ethers and esters of these compounds C07C0103800000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by aldehydo and/or ketonic groups C07C0103820000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by NH; 2 or substituted NH2 groups C07C0103840000 the hydrocarbon groups being substituted by COOH groups; Esters of these compounds C07C0103860000 of cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids C07C0103880000 in which the second hydrogen atom of the amide groups is also replaced by an acyl group C07C0105000000 Azoxy compounds C07C0107000000 Azo compounds C07C0107020000 aliphatic C07C0107040000 aromatic C07C0107060000 Azo benzenes C07C0107080000 Azo naphthalenes C07C0109000000 Organic derivatives of hydrazines C07C0109020000 Aliphatic hydrazines C07C0109040000 Aromatic hydrazines C07C0109060000 Carboxylic acid hydrazides C07C0109080000 of aliphatic acids C07C0109100000 of aromatic acids C07C0109120000 Hydrazones C07C0109140000 of aliphatic CO compounds C07C0109160000 of aromatic CO compounds C07C0109180000 containing one or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07C0111000000 N-nitramines; N-nitrosamines C07C0113000000 Diazo compounds; Diazonium compounds C07C0113020000 Diazo methane and its derivatives C07C0113040000 Diazonium compounds C07C0115000000 Diazo-amino compounds C07C0117000000 Azides C07C0117020000 Carboxylic acid azides C07C0119000000 Compounds containing one or more C=N double bonds (hydrazones C07C0109120000;amidines C07C0123000000; guanidine and its derivatives C07C0129000000; oximes C07C0131000000; semi-carbazones C07C0133000000) C07C0119020000 Isonitriles C07C0119040000 Isocyanates; Carbo diimides C07C0119060000 Imides of CO compounds, e.g. Schiff's bases C07C0119080000 of aliphatic aldehydes C07C0119100000 of aromatic aldehydes C07C0119120000 of aliphatic ketones C07C0119140000 of aromatic ketones C07C0119160000 Carboxylic acid imide ethers or halides C07C0119180000 aliphatic C07C0119200000 aromatic C07C0121000000 Carboxylic acid nitriles C07C0121020000 Methods of preparation C07C0121040000 by addition of hydrogen cyanide to unsaturated compounds C07C0121060000 by reacting compounds containing halogen with cyanides C07C0121080000 by reacting alcohols, esters, ethers, or lactones with cyanides C07C0121100000 by reacting carboxylic acids with ammonia C07C0121120000 by dehydration of carboxylic acid amides C07C0121140000 Acyclic saturated nitriles C07C0121160000 Mononitriles C07C0121180000 Acetonitrile C07C0121200000 Dinitriles C07C0121220000 Malononitrile C07C0121240000 Succinonitrile C07C0121260000 Adipyl dinitrile C07C0121280000 Polynitriles C07C0121300000 Acyclic unsaturated nitriles C07C0121320000 Acrylonitrile; Methacrylonitrile C07C0121340000 Nitriles of acyclic hydroxy-, aldehydo-, or ketonic-carboxylic acids C07C0121360000 Cyano hydrins C07C0121380000 Ethers or esters thereof C07C0121400000 Acyclic cyano carboxylic acids C07C0121420000 Nitriles of acyclic amino carboxylic acids C07C0121440000 Amino acetonitrile C07C0121460000 Cycloaliphatic saturated nitriles C07C0121480000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated nitriles C07C0121500000 Monocyclic aromatic nitriles C07C0121520000 Mononitriles C07C0121540000 Dinitriles C07C0121560000 Phthalonitriles C07C0121580000 Terephthalonitriles C07C0121600000 Other aromatic nitriles C07C0121620000 Naphthonitriles C07C0121640000 Nitriles of other polycyclic aromatic carboxylic acids C07C0121660000 Araliphatic nitriles C07C0121680000 Phenyl acetonitrile C07C0121700000 with unsaturated side chain(s) C07C0121720000 Cinnamic acid nitrile C07C0121740000 Nitriles of hydroxy acids covered by ; C07C0065000000 C07C0121760000 Nitriles of acids covered by ; C07C0065180000; or C07C0065200000 C07C0121780000 Nitriles of aromatic amino carboxylic acids C07C0123000000 Carboxylic acid amidines C07C0125000000 Organic carbamic acids; Esters thereof; Cyanamides (unsubstituted carbamic acid C01B0021120000;cyanamide C01C0003160000) C07C0125020000 Salts of carbamic acids C07C0125040000 Esters of carbamic acid (urethanes) C07C0125060000 Esters of N-substituted carbamic acid C07C0125080000 Substituted cyanamides C07C0127000000 Urea; Derivatives thereof C07C0127020000 Preparation of urea C07C0127040000 from carbon dioxide and ammonia C07C0127060000 from cyanamide or calcium cyanamide C07C0127080000 from ammoniacal liquor C07C0127100000 Purification; Crystallisation C07C0127120000 Substituted ureas C07C0127140000 Mono-substituted ureas C07C0127160000 Di-substituted ureas C07C0127180000 Tri-substituted ureas C07C0127200000 Tetra-substituted ureas C07C0127220000 Acylureas C07C0127240000 Biuret; Derivatives thereof C07C0129000000 Guanidine; Derivatives thereof C07C0129020000 Preparation of guanidine C07C0129040000 from cyanamide, calcium cyanamide, or dicyandiamide C07C0129060000 from ammonium thiocyanate C07C0129080000 Substituted guanidines (aminoguanidines C07C0133100000);; C07C0129100000 Nitroguanidine C07C0129120000 substituted by organic groups C07C0129140000 Dicyandiamide C07C0129160000 Substituted biguanidines C07C0129180000 Streptomycins C07C0131000000 Oximes; Fulminates C07C0131020000 Cycloaliphatic saturated oximes C07C0131040000 Cyclohexanone oxime C07C0131060000 Cycloheptanone oxime C07C0131080000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated oximes C07C0131100000 Cyclohexenone oxime C07C0131120000 Fulminates C07C0133000000 Hydrazine derivatives of carbonic acid; Aminoguanidines C07C0133020000 Semicarbazides; Semicarbazones; Carbohydrazides C07C0133040000 Semicarbazones of aliphatic CO compounds C07C0133060000 Semicarbazones of cycloaliphatic CO compounds C07C0133080000 Semicarbazones of aromatic CO compounds C07C0133100000 Aminoguanidines C07C0135000000 Other compounds containing carbon and nitrogen with or without hydrogen, halogens, and oxygen C07C0135020000 Amine oxides C07C0137000000 Esters of sulphurous acid (cyclic esters C07D);; C07C0139000000 Preparation of sulphates and/or sulphonates C07C0139020000 by reacting hydrocarbons with halogen and sulphur dioxide, or with sulphuryl halide C07C0139040000 by reacting hydrocarbons with oxygen and sulphur dioxide (sulphoxidation) C07C0139060000 by reacting hydrocarbon oil fractions with sulphuric acid C07C0139080000 by reacting sulphuric acid with aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons C07C0139100000 by reacting sulphuric acid with alcohols C07C0139120000 by addition of bisulphites to acyclic unsaturated compounds C07C0139140000 Isolation; Purification; Brightening; Neutralisation; Stabilisation C07C0139160000 from the by-products of refining mineral oils with sulphuric acid C07C0141000000 Esters of sulphuric acid (cyclic esters C07D);; C07C0141020000 Sulphates of acyclic saturated alcohols C07C0141040000 Alkyl hydrogen sulphates C07C0141060000 Dialkyl sulphates C07C0141080000 Sulphates of polyhydric alcohols C07C0141100000 Sulphates of acyclic unsaturated alcohols C07C0141120000 Sulphates of cycloaliphatic alcohols C07C0141140000 Sulphates of aromatic hydroxy compounds C07C0141160000 of mononuclear aromatic hydroxy compounds C07C0141180000 Sulphates of aromatic alcohols C07C0143000000 Sulphonic acids, their esters, halides, and amides; Sulphonated fats or fatty oils C07C0143020000 Acyclic saturated sulphonic acids C07C0143040000 Polysulphonic acids C07C0143060000 Acyclic saturated sulphonic acids substituted in the hydrocarbon chain C07C0143080000 Halogenated sulphonic acids C07C0143100000 Hydroxy sulphonic acids C07C0143120000 Carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143140000 Amino sulphonic acids C07C0143160000 Acyclic unsaturated sulphonic acids C07C0143180000 Carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143200000 Cycloaliphatic saturated sulphonic acids C07C0143220000 Cycloaliphatic unsaturated sulphonic acids C07C0143240000 Aromatic sulphonic acids C07C0143260000 Benzene sulphonic acids C07C0143280000 Alkylbenzene sulphonic acids with one or two carbon atoms in each side chain C07C0143300000 Naphthalene sulphonic acids C07C0143320000 Alkylnaphthalene sulphonic acids with 1 or 2 carbon atoms in each side chain C07C0143340000 Alkylaromatic sulphonic acids with at least three carbon atoms in at least one side chain C07C0143360000 Sulphonic acids of aromatic hydrocarbons containing more than two rings C07C0143380000 Aromatic sulphonic acids substituted in the ring and/or in the side chain(s) C07C0143400000 containing halogen C07C0143420000 Hydroxy sulphonic acids C07C0143440000 Sulphonated phenols C07C0143460000 Salts thereof C07C0143480000 Sulphonated naphthols C07C0143500000 Low-molecular-weight water-soluble sulphonated phenol aldehyde condensation products (tanning agents) C07C0143520000 Carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143540000 Hydroxy carboxylic sulphonic acids C07C0143560000 Amino sulphonic acids C07C0143580000 of benzene C07C0143600000 of naphthalene C07C0143620000 of stilbene C07C0143630000 containing halogen C07C0143640000 Hydroxy amino sulphonic acids C07C0143660000 of naphthalene or its derivatives C07C0143680000 Esters of sulphonic acids C07C0143700000 Halides of sulphonic acids C07C0143720000 Amides of sulphonic acids C07C0143740000 Amides of aliphatic sulphonic acids C07C0143760000 Amides of aliphatic amino sulphonic acids C07C0143780000 Amides of aromatic sulphonic acids C07C0143800000 Sulphonamides of aromatic amino sulphonic acids C07C0143820000 in which the sulphonamide group is acylated C07C0143840000 Derivatives of sulphonic acids not covered by the preceding sub-groups, e.g. guanidides, hydrazides C07C0143860000 N-substituted sulphamic acids C07C0143880000 Persulphonic acids C07C0143900000 Sulphonated fats or fatty oils C07C0145000000 Sulphinic or sulphenic acids; Derivatives thereof C07C0147000000 Sulphones; Sulphoxides C07C0147020000 Aliphatic sulphones C07C0147040000 Alkenyl sulphones C07C0147060000 Aromatic sulphones C07C0147080000 S-aryl-S-alkenyl sulphones C07C0147100000 Hydroxy-aryl sulphones C07C0147120000 Amino-aryl sulphones C07C0147140000 Sulphoxides C07C0149000000 Mercaptans; Thiophenols; Sulphides; Polysulphides; Sulphonium compounds C07C0149020000 Purification; Separation; Stabilisation C07C0149040000 from the by-products of refining mineral oil C07C0149060000 Acyclic saturated mercaptans C07C0149080000 Acyclic unsaturated mercaptans C07C0149100000 Acyclic sulphides C07C0149120000 Disulphides; Polysulphides C07C0149140000 Acyclic mercaptans or sulphides containing halogen, oxygen, and/or nitrogen atoms C07C0149160000 containing one or more halogen atoms C07C0149180000 containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0149200000 containing one or more carboxylic groups C07C0149220000 Thioglycollic acid C07C0149240000 containing one or more amino groups (preparation from proteins C07C0099020000);; C07C0149260000 Cycloaliphatic mercaptans or sulphides C07C0149280000 Thiophenols (C07C0149320000 takes precedence);; C07C0149300000 Aromatic sulphides (C07C0149320000 takes precedence);; C07C0149320000 Thiophenols or aromatic sulphides containing halogen, oxygen, and/or nitrogen atoms C07C0149340000 containing one or more halogen atoms C07C0149360000 containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0149380000 by sulphurisation of phenols C07C0149400000 containing one or more carboxyl groups C07C0149420000 containing one or more amino groups C07C0149440000 Mercapto sulphonic acids C07C0149460000 Sulphonium compounds C07C0151000000 Thioaldehydes; Thioketones C07C0153000000 Thiocarboxylic acids; Derivatives thereof C07C0153010000 Monothiocarboxylic acids (thiolo or thiono); Salts thereof C07C0153030000 Dithiocarboxylic acids; Salts thereof C07C0153050000 Amides C07C0153070000 Esters C07C0154000000 Thiocarbonic acids; Derivatives thereof (thiocarbamic acids, derivatives thereof C07C0155000000);; C07C0154020000 Dithiocarbonic acid derivatives, e.g. xanthates C07C0155000000 Thiocarbamic acids; Derivatives thereof C07C0155020000 Derivatives of monothiocarbamic acid C07C0155040000 Derivatives of dithiocarbamic acid C07C0155060000 Salts thereof C07C0155080000 Esters thereof C07C0155100000 Thiuramsulphides C07C0157000000 Thioureas C07C0157020000 Substituted thioureas C07C0157040000 Mono-substituted C07C0157060000 Di-substituted C07C0157080000 Tri-substituted C07C0157100000 Tetra-substituted C07C0157120000 Acyl thioureas C07C0157140000 Isothioureas C07C0159000000 Thiosemicarbazides; Thiosemicarbazones C07C0161000000 Organic compounds containing sulphur not mentioned before in ; C07C C07C0161020000 Thiocyanates C07C0161040000 Isothiocyanates C07C0161060000 Sulphur-containing diazo compounds C07C0163000000 Organic compounds containing selenium C07C0165000000 Organic compounds containing tellurium C07C0167000000 Methods of preparing cyclopentanopolyhydrophenanthrene compounds, e.g. steroids; Minor chemical modification of existing cyclopentanopolyhydrophenanthrene compounds by microbiological process C07C0167020000 by synthesising the nuclear skeleton C07C0167040000 by expansion or contraction of the ring C07C0167060000 by adduct-forming, e.g. maleic acid C07C0167080000 by introducing the oxygen atom in position 11 C07C0167100000 by introducing the oxygen atom in position 17 C07C0167120000 by hydrogenation of carbon-to carbon double bonds C07C0167140000 by introducing double bonds C07C0167160000 by isomeration C07C0167180000 by degradation or elimination of the side chain at position 17 C07C0167200000 by introduction or building up of the side chain at position 17 C07C0167220000 by introducing substituents in an angular methyl group C07C0167240000 by transforming the 21 methyl group into a primary alcohol group C07C0167260000 preparing epoxy compounds from unsaturated steroids C07C0167280000 preparing esters of steroid alcohols C07C0167300000 preparing ethers or acetals C07C0167320000 preparing enolesters or enolethers C07C0167340000 preparing amines of cyclopentanopolyhydrophenanthrenes C07C0167360000 preparing cyclopentanopolyhydrophenanthrenes containing sulphur attached to a carbon atom C07C0167380000 Isolation C07C0167400000 from natural raw materials C07C0167420000 Separation; Purification C07C0169000000 Cyclopentanopolyhydrophenanthrenes containing 4 rings C07C0169020000 Oestranes; Oestrenes; Oestra-polyenes C07C0169040000 Adducts thereof, e.g. with maleic acid C07C0169060000 Halogenated compounds C07C0169080000 Compounds containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0169100000 Compounds containing one or more ketonic groups C07C0169120000 Compounds containing one or more carboxylic groups C07C0169140000 Testanes; Androstanes; Testenes; Androstenes; Testa-polyenes; Androsta-polyenes C07C0169160000 Adducts thereof, e.g. with maleic acid C07C0169180000 Halogenated compounds C07C0169200000 Compounds containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0169220000 Compounds containing one or more ketonic groups C07C0169240000 Compounds containing one or more carboxylic groups C07C0169260000 Pregnanes; Allopregnanes; Pregnenes; Allopregnenes; Pregna-polyenes; Allopregnapolyenes C07C0169280000 Adducts thereof, e.g. with maleic acid C07C0169300000 Halogenated compounds C07C0169320000 Compounds containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0169340000 Compounds containing one or more aldehydo and/or ketonic groups C07C0169360000 Compounds containing one or more carboxylic groups C07C0169380000 Cholanes; Allocholanes; Cholenes; Allocholenes; Chola-polyenes; Allochola-polyenes C07C0169400000 Nor-cholanes, Nor-allocholanes; Nor-cholenes Nor-allocholenes; Nor-chola-polyenes; Nor-allochola-polyenes C07C0169420000 Compounds containing one or more aromatic hydrocarbon radicals C07C0169440000 Adducts thereof, e.g. with maleic acid C07C0169460000 Halogenated compounds C07C0169480000 Compounds containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0169500000 Compounds containing one or more aldehydo and/or ketonic groups C07C0169520000 Compounds containing one or more carboxylic groups C07C0169540000 Coprostanes; Cholestanes; Coprostenes; Cholestenes; Coprosta-polyenes; Cholesta-polyenes C07C0169560000 Adducts, e.g. with maleic acid C07C0169580000 Halogenated compounds C07C0169600000 Compounds containing one or more hydroxy groups C07C0169620000 Compounds containing one or more aldehydo and/or ketonic groups C07C0169640000 Compounds containing one or more carboxylic groups C07C0169660000 10 ; -compounds C07C0171000000 Steroids with modified nuclear skeleton, e.g. seco-steroids, anthrasteroids (except by adduct-forming) C07C0171020000 Homo-steroids C07C0171040000 D-homo-steroids C07C0171060000 Nor-steroids (18- and/or 19- nor steroids C07C0169000000);; C07C0171070000 Seco-steroids C07C0171080000 Irradiation products not belonging to the vitamins of the D group, e.g. suprasterols, tachysterol, lumisterol C07C0171100000 Vitamins of the D groups C07C0173000000 Cyclopentanopolyhydrophenanthrenes containing one or more heterocyclic rings, Nor-compounds C07C0173020000 Cardanolides, e.g. digitalis glycosides C07C0173040000 Bufanolides, e.g. toad venoms C07C0173060000 Spirostanes, e.g. sarsasapogenine C07C0173080000 Furostanes, e.g. tigogenine C07C0173100000 having nitrogen as the hetero-atom with or without other hetero-atoms C07C0175000000 Derivatives of cyclohexane or of a cyclohexene, having an unsaturated side chain with at least four carbon atoms, e.g. vitamin A, ; -carotene, -ionone C07D HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS (peptides containing heterocyclic groups C07C0103520000);; C07D0001000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 oxygen atom and 2 carbon atoms C07D0001020000 Preparation of epoxy compounds C07D0001040000 from ; .-alkylene halohydrins C07D0001060000 by oxidising unsaturated compounds C07D0001080000 by oxidising olefins C07D0001100000 by oxidising gats, fatty oils, or their fatty acids C07D0001120000 ,-alkylene oxides C07D0001140000 Ethylene oxide C07D0001160000 Epihalohydrins C07D0001180000 Epoxy alcohols; Their ethers or esters C07D0001200000 Epoxy acids C07D0001220000 Esters thereof C07D0001240000 Nitriles thereof C07D0003000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 oxygen atom and 3 carbon atoms C07D0005000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 oxygen atom and 4 carbon atoms C07D0005020000 Tetrahydrofurans C07D0005040000 Substituted tetrahydrofurans C07D0005060000 gamma-lactones C07D0005080000 Dihydrofurans C07D0005100000 Substituted dihydrofurans C07D0005120000 Ascorbic acid C07D0005140000 Furans C07D0005160000 Substituted furans C07D0005180000 having halogen directly attached to the ring C07D0005200000 Furfuryl alcohol C07D0005220000 Furfural C07D0005240000 Preparation from natural products C07D0005260000 having one or more carboxyl groups directly attached to the ring C07D0005280000 Pyromucic acid C07D0005300000 having one or more nitro groups directly attached to the ring C07D0005320000 Polycyclic compounds C07D0005340000 Condensed dihydrofurans C07D0005360000 Coumarans C07D0005380000 Phthaleins C07D0005400000 Condensed furns C07D0005420000 Coumarones C07D0005440000 Dibenzofurans (diphenylene oxides) C07D0005460000 Compounds containing more than one furan ring C07D0007000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 oxygen atom and 5 carbon atoms C07D0007020000 Tetrahydropyrans C07D0007040000 Substituted tetrahydropyrans C07D0007060000 ; -lactones C07D0007080000 Dihydropyrans C07D0007100000 Substituted dihydropyrans C07D0007120000 Pyrans C07D0007140000 Substituted pyrans C07D0007160000 Pyrones C07D0007180000 Polycyclic compounds C07D0007200000 Condensed dihydropyrans C07D0007220000 Tocopherols C07D0007240000 Condensed pyrans C07D0007260000 1,2[H]-Benzopyrans C07D0007280000 Coumarin C07D0007300000 4-hydroxy-coumarins C07D0007320000 1,4[H]-Benzopyrans C07D0007340000 gamma-chromones C07D0007360000 Furanochromones C07D0007380000 Rutin C07D0007400000 Isochromenes C07D0007420000 Xanthenes C07D0007440000 Xanthones C07D0007460000 Compounds containing more than one pyran ring C07D0009000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one ore more rings each consisting of 1 oxygen atom and more than 5 carbon atoms C07D0011000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one ore more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 oxygen atoms and 1 or 2 carbon atoms C07D0013000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one ore more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 oxygen atoms and 3 carbon atoms C07D0013020000 1,3-dioxolanes C07D0013040000 Substituted dioxolanes C07D0013060000 Glycol carbonate C07D0013080000 1,3-dioxoles C07D0013100000 1,3-benzo-dioxoles (methylenedioxybenzenes) C07D0015000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one ore more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 oxygen atoms and 4 carbon atoms C07D0015020000 1,3-dioxanes C07D0015040000 Substituted 1,3-dioxanes C07D0015060000 having halogen directly attached to the ring C07D0015080000 1,3-benzodioxanes C07D0015100000 1,4-dioxanes C07D0015120000 Substituted, 1,4-dioxanes C07D0015140000 having halogen directly attached to the ring C07D0015160000 Lactides C07D0015180000 2,3-benzo-1,4-dioxanes C07D0015200000 Diphenylene dioxides C07D0017000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one ore more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 oxygen atoms and more than 4 carbon atoms C07D0019000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one ore more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of more than 2 oxygen atoms and some carbon atoms C07D0021000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings each of which has oxygen as the only hetero element, the rings differing one from another either in structure or composition or both (furanochromones C07D0007360000);; C07D0023000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 nitrogen atom and 2 carbon atoms C07D0023020000 ,-alkylenimines C07D0023040000 Ethylenimine C07D0023060000 N-substituted ethylenimines C07D0023080000 N, N-ethylene ureas; N,N-ethylene guanidines C07D0025000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 nitrogen atom and 3 carbon atoms C07D0025020000 ; -lactams C07D0027000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 nitrogen atom and 4 carbon atoms C07D0027020000 Tetrahydropyrroles (pyrrolidines) C07D0027040000 Substituted tetrahydropyrroles C07D0027060000 Oxo-tetrahydropyrroles C07D0027080000 2-Pyrrolidones (gamma-lactams) C07D0027100000 Succinimides C07D0027120000 Dihydropyrroles (pyrrolines) C07D0027140000 Substituted dihydropyrroles C07D0027160000 Oxo-dihydropyrroles C07D0027180000 Maleimimide C07D0027200000 Pyrroles C07D0027220000 C-substituted pyrolles C07D0027240000 N-substituted pyrroles C07D0027260000 C- and N-substituted pyrroles C07D0027280000 Polycyclic compounds C07D0027300000 Condensed tetrahydropyrroles C07D0027320000 Dihydroindolines C07D0027340000 Adrenochrome C07D0027360000 Condensed dihydropyrroles C07D0027380000 Indolines C07D0027400000 Indolinones C07D0027420000 Isatin C07D0027440000 Benz-(c,d)-indolines C07D0027460000 Naphthostyrils C07D0027480000 Isoindolines C07D0027500000 Isoindolinones (phthelimidines) C07D0027520000 Phthalimides C07D0027540000 Condensed pyrroles C07D0027560000 Indoles; Indolenines C07D0027580000 Preparation of indole from coal-tar C07D0027600000 Tryptophane C07D0027620000 Tryptamine C07D0027640000 Carbazoles C07D0027660000 Purification C07D0027680000 Substituted carbazoles C07D0027700000 Benz-indoles C07D0027720000 Benz-(c,d)-indoles C07D0027740000 Compounds containing more than one ring each consisting of 1 nitrogen atom and 4 carbon atoms C07D0027760000 Bilirubins; Porphyrins; Hemin; Chlorophyll C07D0027780000 Pyrroly-pyrroles C07D0027800000 hydrogenated C07D0029000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more hydrogenated pyridine rings none of which is condensed with any other rings C07D0029020000 Hexahydropyridines (piperidines) C07D0029040000 Preparation by ring closure C07D0029060000 Preparation by hydrogenation C07D0029080000 Piperidine and its C-homologues C07D0029100000 Piperidines N-substituted by hydrocarbon groups C07D0029120000 Other piperidine derivatives which are substituted in the ring and/or outside the ring C07D0029140000 by one or more halogen atoms C07D0029160000 by one or more hydroxyl groups C07D0029180000 Ethers thereof C07D0029200000 by one or more oxo groups C07D0029220000 2-piperidones (; -lactams) C07D0029240000 by one or more carboxyl groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups C07D0029260000 by one or more nitrogen-containing groups C07D0029280000 by one or more amino groups C07D0029300000 by one or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07D0029320000 by one or more cyano groups C07D0029340000 by one or more sulphur-containing groups C07D0029360000 by one or more mercapto, thiother, or =S groups C07D0029380000 Tetrahydropyridines C07D0029400000 Dihydropyridines C07D0029420000 Pyridones C07D0031000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more pyridine rings none of which is condensed with any other ring C07D0031020000 Methods of preparation C07D0031040000 by ring closure C07D0031060000 from unsaturated aliphatic compounds and ammonia C07D0031080000 from oxo compounds an ammonia C07D0031100000 from heterocyclic compounds having oxygen as the hetero atom and ammonia C07D0031120000 by dealkylation of alkyl pyridines C07D0031140000 by dehydrogenation of piperideines or other hydrogenated pyridines C07D0031160000 Separation; Purification C07D0031180000 from coal-tar and the like C07D0031200000 Pyridine; Pyridines substituted by one or more hydrocarbon groups C07D0031220000 Quaternary compounds thereof C07D0031240000 Other pyridine derivatives which are substituted in the ring and/or outside the ring C07D0031260000 by one or more halogen atoms C07D0031280000 by one or more hydroxyl groups and/or etherified hydroxyl groups C07D0031300000 directly attached to the ring C07D0031320000 by one or more oxo groups C07D0031340000 by one or more carboxyl groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups C07D0031360000 directly attached to the ring C07D0031380000 Preparation of pyridine carboxylic acids by oxydisig pyridines or condensed pyridines C07D0031400000 by one or more nitrogen containing groups C07D0031420000 by one or more amino groups C07D0031440000 by open or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07D0031460000 by one or more cyano groups C07D0031480000 by one or more sulphur-containing groups C07D0031500000 by one or more mercapto, thioether, or =S groups C07D0033000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings of the quinoline type C07D0033020000 Decahydroquinolines C07D0033040000 Preparation by hydrogenation of quinolines C07D0033060000 Octahydroquinolines C07D0033080000 Hexahydroquinolines C07D0033100000 Tetrahydroquinolines C07D0033120000 Dihyroquinolines C07D0033140000 Quinolines C07D0033160000 Methods of preparation C07D0033180000 by ring closure C07D0033200000 from aromatic amines and glycerol or oxo compounds C07D0033220000 from o-amino-benzaldehyde and oxo compounds C07D0033240000 by dehydrogenation of hydrogenated quinolines C07D0033260000 Separation; Purification C07D0033280000 from coal-tar and the like C07D0033300000 Quinoline; Quinolines substituted by one or more hydrocarbon groups C07D0033320000 Quaternary compounds thereof C07D0033340000 Other quinoline derivatives which are substituted in the ring and/or outside the ring C07D0033360000 by one or more halogen atoms C07D0033380000 by one or more hydroxyl groups and/or etherified hydroxyl groups C07D0033400000 directly attached to the hetero ring C07D0033420000 2-hydroxy quinolines C07D0033440000 8-hydroxy quinolines C07D0033460000 by one or more oxo groups C07D0033480000 by one or more carboxyl groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups C07D0033500000 by one or more nitrogen-containing groups C07D0033520000 by one or more amino groups C07D0033540000 Amono alkylaminoquinolines C07D0033560000 by one or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07D0033580000 by one or more cyano groups C07D0033600000 by one ore more sulphur-containing groups C07D0033620000 by one or more mercapto, thioether, or =S groups C07D0035000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings of the isoquinoline type C07D0035020000 Decahydroisoquinolines C07D0035040000 Preparation by hydrogenation of isoquinolines C07D0035060000 Octahydroisoquinolines C07D0035080000 Hexahydroisoquinolines C07D0035100000 Tetrahydroisoquinolines C07D0035120000 Preparation from phenyl-ethyl amines and aldehydes C07D0035140000 Dihydroisoquinolines C07D0035160000 Preparation from acylated ; -phenol-ethyl amines C07D0035180000 Isoquinolines C07D0035200000 Preparation by ring closure C07D0035220000 Isoquinoline; Isoquinolines substituted by one or more hydrocarbon groups C07D0035240000 Other isoquinoline derivatives which are substituted in the ring and/or outside the ring C07D0035260000 by one or more halogen atoms C07D0035280000 by one or more hydroxyl groups and/or etherified hydroxyl groups, e.g. papaverine C07D0035300000 by one or more oxo groups C07D0035320000 by one or more carboxyl groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups C07D0035340000 by one or more nitrogen-containing groups C07D0035360000 by one or more amino groups C07D0035380000 by one or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07D0035400000 by one or more cyano groups C07D0035420000 by one or more sulphur-containing groups C07D0035440000 by one or more mercapto, thioether, or =S groups C07D0037000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings of the acridine type C07D0037020000 Hydrogenated acridines C07D0037040000 not completely hydrogenated C07D0037060000 Acridans C07D0037080000 Acridines C07D0037100000 Acridine; Acridines substituted by one or more hydrocarbon groups C07D0037120000 Other acridine derivatives which are substituted in the ring and/or outside the ring C07D0037140000 by one or more halogen atoms C07D0037160000 by one or more hydroxyl groups and/or etherified hydroxyl groups C07D0037180000 by one or more oxo groups C07D0037200000 by one or more carboxyl groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups C07D0037220000 by one or more nitrogen-containing groups C07D0037240000 by one or more amino groups C07D0037260000 by one or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07D0037280000 by one or more cyano groups C07D0037300000 by one or more sulphur-containing groups C07D0039000000 Other heterocyclic compounds containing one or more pyridine or hydrogenated pyridine rings at least one of which is condensed with one or more rings of the same type and/or with carbocyclic rings C07D0039020000 Phenanthridines C07D0039040000 Recovery from coal-tar C07D0039060000 Quinuclidines C07D0039080000 Nor-camphidines; Camphidines C07D0039100000 Naphtyridines C07D0039120000 Quinolizines C07D0039140000 Phenanthrolines C07D0039160000 1,8-naphthalimides C07D0041000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 nitrogen atom and more than 5 carbon atoms C07D0041020000 Hexamethylenimines C07D0041040000 Substituted hexamethylenimines C07D0041060000 epsilon-lactams C07D0041080000 Azepines C07D0043000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing the ring system of an alkaloid type specified below (substituted purines C07D0057380000);; C07D0043020000 containing the ring system of nicotine C07D0043040000 Obtaining from natural raw materials C07D0043060000 containing the ring system of tropa alkaloids C07D0043080000 Obtaining from extracts of natural raw materials C07D0043100000 Atropine C07D0043120000 Tropine C07D0043140000 Cocaine C07D0043160000 Scopoline C07D0043180000 Granatanines C07D0043200000 containing the ring system of ergot alkaloids C07D0043220000 Obtaining from extracts of natural raw materials C07D0043240000 containing the ring system of cinchona alkaloids C07D0043260000 Obtaining from extracts of natural raw materials C07D0043280000 containing the ring system of opium alkaloids (papaverine and its derivatives C07D0035280000);; C07D0043300000 Obtaining from extract of natural raw materials C07D0043320000 Morphine C07D0043340000 containing the ring system of strychnine C07D0043360000 Obtaining from extracts of natural raw materials C07D0043380000 containing the ring system of iboga alkaloids C07D0045000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 2 nitrogen atoms and 1 carbon atom (diazo compounds C07C0113000000);; C07D0047000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 nitrogen atoms and 2 carbon atoms C07D0049000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 nitrogen atoms and 3 carbon atoms C07D0049020000 containing one or more 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings C07D0049040000 Pyrazolidones; Substituted pyrazolidones C07D0049060000 Amino-pyrazolidones with amine group(s) directly attached to the ring C07D0049080000 Dioxopyrazolidines C07D0049100000 Pyrazolines; Substituted pyrazolines C07D0049120000 Amino-pyrazolines with amine group(s) C07D0049140000 Pyrazolones; Substituted pyrazolones C07D0049160000 Amino-pyrazolones with amine group(s) directly attached to the ring C07D0049180000 Pyrazoles; Substituted pyrazoles C07D0049200000 Amino-pyrazoles with amine group(s) directly attached to the ring C07D0049220000 Benzene sulphonylamido pyrazoles C07D0049240000 Pyrazoloanthrones C07D0049260000 Pyrazolo-pyrazoles C07D0049280000 hydrogenated C07D0049300000 containing one or more 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings C07D0049320000 Hydantoins C07D0049340000 Imidazolines C07D0049360000 Imidazoles C07D0049380000 Benzimidazoles C07D0049400000 Naphthimidazoles C07D0049420000 Imidazolo-imidazoles C07D0049440000 hydrogenated C07D0051000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 nitrogen atoms and 4 carbon atoms C07D0051020000 containing one or more 1,2-diazine or hydrogenated 1,2-diazine rings C07D0051040000 Pyridazines C07D0051060000 Phthalazines C07D0051080000 Cinnolines C07D0051100000 Benzo-cinnolines C07D0051120000 Pyridazo-pyridazines C07D0051140000 hydrogenated C07D0051160000 containing one or more 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings C07D0051180000 Hexahydropyrimidines C07D0051200000 Barbituric acids; Inorganic salts thereof C07D0051220000 Salts of organic bases; Organic double compounds C07D0051240000 Thiobarbituric acids; Inorganic salts thereof C07D0051260000 Salts of organic bases; Organic double compounds C07D0051280000 Tetrahydropyrimidines C07D0051300000 Uracils C07D0051320000 Thiracils C07D0051340000 Dihydropyrimidines C07D0051360000 Pyrimidines C07D0051380000 having one or more hydroxyl groups directly attached to the ring C07D0051400000 having one or more mercapto groups directly attached to the ring C07D0051420000 having one or more amine groups directly attached to the ring C07D0051440000 Amino benzene sulphonylamido pyrimidines (sulphapyrimidines) C07D0051460000 condensed C07D0051480000 Quinazolines C07D0051500000 Nucleosides; Nucleotides; Nucleic acids C07D0051520000 with pyrimidine bases C07D0051540000 with purine bases C07D0051560000 Pyrimido pyrimidines; Hydrogenated pyrimido pyrimidines C07D0051580000 Pyrimido [4,5-d] pyrimidines C07D0051600000 Pyrimido [5,4-d] pyrimidines C07D0051620000 containing one or more 1,4-diazine or hydrogenated 1,4-diazine rings C07D0051640000 Hexahydropyrazines (piperazines) C07D0051660000 C-substituted piperazines C07D0051680000 Oxopiperazines; C-substituted oxo-piperazines C07D0051700000 N-substituted piperazines C07D0051720000 C- and N-substituted piperazines C07D0051740000 Tetrahydropyrazines; Dihydropyrazines; Derivatives thereof, e.g. aspergillic acid C07D0051760000 Pyrazine; Derivatives thereof C07D0051780000 Quinoxalines; Hydrogenated quinoxalines C07D0051800000 Phenazines C07D0051820000 Pyrazo pyrazines; Hydrogenated pyrazo pyrazines C07D0051840000 1,4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octanes C07D0053000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 nitrogen atoms and more than 4 carbon atoms C07D0053020000 Diazepines C07D0053040000 Benzodiazepines C07D0053060000 1,4-benzodiazepines C07D0055000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of more than 2 nitrogen atoms and 1 or more carbon atoms C07D0055020000 containing one or more 1,2,3-triazole or hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazole rings C07D0055040000 Benzo-1,2,3,-triazoles; Naphtho-1,2,3-triazoles C07D0055060000 containing one or more 1,2,4-triazole or hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazole rings C07D0055080000 containing one or more 1,2,3-triazine or hydrogenated 1,2,3-triazine rings C07D0055100000 containing one or more 1,2,4-triazine or hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazine rings C07D0055120000 containing one or more 1,3,5-triazine or hydrogenated 1,3,5-triazine rings C07D0055140000 hydrogenated C07D0055160000 1,3,5-trinitro-hexahydro-triazine C07D0055180000 Monoamino-1,3,5-triazines C07D0055200000 Diamino-1,3,5-triazines C07D0055220000 Triamino-1,3,5-triazines C07D0055240000 Melamine; Purification thereof; N-Derivatives thereof C07D0055260000 Preparation of melamine from calcium cyanamide, cyanamide or dicyandiamide C07D0055280000 Preparation of melamine from urea or carbondioxide and ammonia C07D0055300000 Preparation of melamine from other materials C07D0055320000 Alkylol melamines; Etherified alkylol melamines C07D0055340000 Mono- and di-hydroxy-1,3,5-triazines C07D0055360000 Cyanuric acid; Derivatives thereof (melamine C07D0055240000);; C07D0055380000 Isocyanurates C07D0055400000 Chloro isocyanuric acids C07D0055420000 Cyanuric halides C07D0055440000 Amino-hydroxy-1,3,5-triazines C07D0055460000 Amino-halogeno-1,3,5-triazines C07D0055480000 Mono- and di-halogeno-1,3,5-triazines C07D0055500000 1,3,5-triazines substituted by groups not mentioned in ; C07D0055160000-C07D0055480000 C07D0055520000 Hexamethylenetetramine C07D0055540000 containing one or more rings consisting of 3 nitrogen atoms and more than 3 carbon atoms C07D0055560000 containing one or more rings consisting of 4 nitrogen atoms and 1 carbon atoms C07D0055580000 containing one or more rings consisting of 4 nitrogen atoms and 2 carbon atoms C07D0055600000 containing one or more rings consisting of 4 nitrogen atoms and more than 2 carbon atoms C07D0055620000 Coorinoids (Vitamin B; 12) C07D0055640000 containing one or more rings consisting of more than 4 nitrogen atoms and 1 or more carbon atoms (cyclic peptides C07C0103520000);; C07D0057000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings each of which has nitrogen as the only hetero element the rings differing one from another either in structure or composition or both C07D0057020000 in which the different hetero rings are condensed together C07D0057040000 containing one or more pyridine rings C07D0057060000 Carbolines C07D0057080000 Rauwolfia alkaloids C07D0057100000 containing the ring system of yohimbane C07D0057120000 containing one or more pyrimidine rings (purines C07D0057360000);; C07D0057140000 pyrrolo-pyrimidines C07D0057160000 pyrazolo-pyrimidines C07D0057180000 triazolo-pyrimidines C07D0057200000 pyrido-pyrimidines C07D0057220000 containing one or more pyridazine rings C07D0057240000 containing one or more pyrazine rings C07D0057260000 1,1'-ethylene-2,2'-dipyridylium salts C07D0057280000 Pterines C07D0057300000 Folic acid C07D0057320000 Flavines C07D0057340000 containing one or more tirazine rings C07D0057360000 Purines C07D0057380000 Substituted purines C07D0057400000 Xanthines C07D0057420000 Theobromine C07D0057440000 Obtaining from extracts of natural raw materials C07D0057460000 Salts or double compounds thereof C07D0057480000 Theophylline C07D0057500000 Obtaining from extracts of natural raw materials C07D0057520000 Salts or double compounds thereof C07D0057540000 Caffeine C07D0057560000 Obtaining from extracts of natural raw materials C07D0057580000 Salts or double compounds thereof C07D0057600000 having two hydroxyl groups both directly attached to the ring system C07D0057620000 having one or more mercapto groups directly attached to the ring system C07D0057640000 having one or more amine groups directly attached to the ring system C07D0059000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 sulphur atom and 2 carbon atoms C07D0061000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 sulphur atom and 3 carbon atoms C07D0063000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 sulphur atom and 4 carbon atoms C07D0063020000 Tetrahydrothiophenes C07D0063040000 Substituted tetrahydrothiophenes C07D0063060000 gamma-thiolactones C07D0063080000 Dihydrothiophenes C07D0063100000 Thiophenes C07D0063120000 Substituted thiophenes C07D0063140000 having more halogen directly attached to the ring C07D0063160000 having one or more carboxyl groups directly attached to the ring C07D0063180000 Thiophenes condensed with one or more other rings C07D0063200000 Thionaphthenes C07D0063220000 Substituted thionaphthenes C07D0063240000 Diphenylene sulphides C07D0065000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 sulphur atom and 5 carbon atoms C07D0065020000 Tetrahydrothiopyrans (pentamethylene sulphides) C07D0065040000 Substituted tetrahydrothiopyrans C07D0065060000 ; -thiolactones C07D0065080000 Dihydrothiopyrans C07D0065100000 Thiopyrans C07D0065120000 Substituted thiopyrans C07D0065140000 Thiopyrans condensed with one or more other rings C07D0065160000 Thioxanthenes C07D0065180000 Thioxanthones C07D0067000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 1 sulphur atom and more than 5 carbon atoms C07D0069000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 sulphur atoms and 2 carbon atoms C07D0071000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 sulphur atoms and 3 carbon atoms C07D0071020000 5-thion-1,2-dithioles C07D0071040000 Lipoic acid; Derivative thereof C07D0073000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 2 sulphur atom and 4 carbon atoms C07D0073020000 Diphenylene disulphide (Thianthrene) C07D0075000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 2 sulphur atoms and more than 4 carbon atoms C07D0077000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of more than 2 sulphur atoms and some carbon atoms C07D0077020000 Trimethylene trisulphone C07D0079000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing rings each of which has sulphur as the only hetero element, the rings differing one from another either in structure or composition or both C07D0081000000 Heterocyclic compounds having selenium as the hetero atom or atoms C07D0083000000 Heterocyclic compounds having tellurium as the hetero atom or atoms C07D0085000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 3,4, or 5 members, the members being 1 or more oxygen atoms, 1, or more nitrogen atoms, and 1 or more carbon atoms C07D0085020000 containing rings consisting of 3 members C07D0085040000 containing rings consisting of 4 members C07D0085060000 containing rings consisting of 5 members C07D0085080000 Isoxazolidines C07D0085100000 Isoxazolidones C07D0085120000 Amono-isoxazolidones with amine group(s) directly attached to the ring C07D0085140000 Dioxo-isoxazolidines C07D0085160000 Isoxazolines C07D0085180000 Isoxazolones C07D0085200000 Amono-isoxazolones group(s) directly attached to the ring C07D0085220000 Isoxazoles C07D0085240000 Benzene sulphonamido isoxazoles C07D0085260000 Oxazolidines C07D0085280000 Oxazolidones -(2) (cyclic urethanes) C07D0085300000 Oxazolidones -(4) C07D0085320000 Oxazolidones -(5) C07D0085340000 Dioxo-oxazolidines C07D0085360000 Oxazolines C07D0085380000 Oxazolones -(2) C07D0085400000 Oxazolones -(4) C07D0085420000 Oxazolones -(5) (azlactones) C07D0085440000 Oxazoles C07D0085460000 Benzene sulphonamido oxazoles C07D0085480000 Oxazoles condensed with one or more other rings C07D0085500000 1,2,3-oxadiazoles (diazo oxides C07C0113000000);; C07D0085520000 1,2,4-oxadiazoles C07D0085540000 1,3,4-oxadiazoles C07D0085560000 1,2,5-oxadiazoles C07D0087000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 6 or more members, the members being 1 or more oxygen atoms, 1 or more nitrogen atoms, and 1 or more carbon atoms C07D0087020000 containing rings consisting of 6 members C07D0087040000 Tetrahydro-1,2-oxazines C07D0087060000 Tetrahydro-1,3-oxazines C07D0087080000 Tetrahydro-1,3-oxazinones C07D0087100000 Dioxo-tetrahydro-1,3-oxazines, e.g. isatoic anhydride C07D0087120000 Dihydro-1,2-oxazines C07D0087140000 Dihydro-1,3-oxazines C07D0087160000 Dihydro-1,3-oxazinones C07D0087180000 1,2-oxazines C07D0087200000 1,3-oxazines C07D0087220000 Tetrahydro-1,4-oxazines (morpholines) C07D0087240000 Methods of preparation by ring closure C07D0087260000 Morpholines substituted by one or more hydrocarbon groups C07D0087280000 Other morpholine derivatives which are substituted in the ring and/or outside the ring C07D0087300000 by one or more halogen atoms C07D0087320000 by one or more hydroxyl groups and/or etherified hydroxyl groups C07D0087340000 by one or more oxo groups C07D0087360000 by one or more carboxyl groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, or carboxylic acid halide groups C07D0087380000 by one or more nitrogen-containing groups C07D0087400000 by one or more amino groups C07D0087420000 by one or more carboxylic acid amide groups C07D0087440000 by one or more cyano groups C07D0087460000 by one or more sulphur-containing groups C07D0087480000 Dihydro-1,4-oxazines C07D0087500000 1,4-oxazines C07D0087520000 Oxadiazines C07D0087540000 containing rings consisting of 7 or more members C07D0089000000 Hetrocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 1 or more oxygen atoms, 1 or more sulphur atoms, and 1 or more carbon atoms C07D0089020000 containing rings consisting of 3 or 4 members C07D0089040000 containing rings consisting of 5 members C07D0089060000 consisting of 1 oxygen atom, 1 sulphur atom and 3 carbon atoms, e.g. naphthosultones C07D0089080000 consisting of 2 oxygen atoms, 1 sulphur atom and 2 carbon atoms, e.g. ethylene glycol sulphite C07D0089100000 containing rings consisting of 6 members C07D0089120000 consisting of 1 oxygen atom, 1 sulphur atom and 4 carbon atoms C07D0089140000 1,4-Oxathianes (Thioxanes) C07D0089160000 Phenoxathiines C07D0089180000 consisting of 2 oxygen atoms, 1 sulphur atom and 3 carbon atoms, e.g. 1,3-propylene glycol sulphite C07D0089200000 containing rings consisting of 7 or more members C07D0091000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 3,4 or 5 members, the members being 1 or more nitrogen atoms, 1 or more sulphur atoms and 1 or more carbon atoms C07D0091020000 containing rings consisting of 3 or 4 members C07D0091040000 containing rings consisting of 5 members C07D0091060000 Isothiazolidines C07D0091080000 1,3-sultams C07D0091100000 Isothiazolines C07D0091120000 Isothiazoles C07D0091140000 Thiazolidines C07D0091160000 Substituted thiazolidines C07D0091180000 having one or more amine groups directly attached to the ring C07D0091200000 having one or more mercapto groups directly attached to the ring C07D0091220000 Thiazolines C07D0091240000 Substituted thiazolines C07D0091260000 having one or more amine groups directly attached to the ring C07D0091280000 having one or more mercapto groups directly attached to the ring C07D0091300000 Thizoles C07D0091320000 Substituted thiazoles C07D0091340000 having one or more amino groups directly attached to the ring C07D0091360000 Amino benzene sulphonyl-amido thiazoles (Sulphathiazoles) C07D0091380000 having one or more mercapto groups directly attached to the ring C07D0091400000 Thiazolsulphonamides C07D0091420000 Thiazoles condensed with one or more other rings C07D0091440000 Benzothiazoles C07D0091460000 having one or more amino groups directly attached to the ring system C07D0091480000 having one or more mercapto groups directly attached to the ring system C07D0091500000 Naphthothiazoles C07D0091520000 Thiazolo-pyrimidines C07D0091540000 1,2,3-thiadiazoles C07D0091560000 condensed with one or more other rings C07D0091580000 1,2,3-thiadiazolo-pyrimidines C07D0091600000 1,2,4-thiadiazoles C07D0091620000 1,3,4-Thiadiazoles C07D0091640000 condensed with one or more other rings C07D0091660000 1,3,4-thiadiazolo-pyrimidines C07D0091680000 1,2,5-thiadiazoles C07D0091700000 Dithia(mon)azoles C07D0093000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each having the same structure and each consisting of 6 or more members, the members being 1 or more nitrogen atoms, 1 or more sulphur atoms, and 1 or more carbon atoms C07D0093020000 1,2-thiazines C07D0093040000 1,4-sultams C07D0093060000 1,3-thiazines C07D0093080000 condensed with one or more other rings (cephalosporin C07D0099240000);; C07D0093100000 1,4-thiazines C07D0093120000 condensed with one or more other rings C07D0093140000 Phenothiazines C07D0093160000 Monoazaphenothiazines C07D0093180000 Di- and poly-azaphenothiazines C07D0093200000 Dithia(mon)azines C07D0093220000 Thiadiazines C07D0093240000 1,2,6-thiadiazines C07D0093260000 1,3,5-thiadiaziens C07D0093280000 condensed with one or more other rings C07D0093300000 Benzothiadiazines C07D0093320000 Benzo-1,2,4-thiadiazines C07D0093340000 Sulphamyl benzo-1,2,4-thiadiazines C07D0093360000 containing rings consisting or 7 or more members C07D0093380000 Thiazepines C07D0093400000 condensed with one or more other rings C07D0093420000 Dibenzothiazepines C07D0093440000 Thiazocines C07D0095000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 or more oxygen atoms, 1 or more nitrogen atoms, 1 or more sulphur atoms, and 1 or more carbon atoms C07D0097000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings each consisting of 1 or more selenium atoms and/or tellurium atoms in combination with 1 or more oxygen atoms and/or nitrogen atoms C07D0097020000 Selenazoles C07D0099000000 Heterocyclic compounds, not provided for elsewhere in sub-class C07D, having oxygen, nitrogen, sulphur, selenium, and tellurium in combinations of two or more different elements as the only hetero atoms(scopoline C07D0043160000;morphine C07D0043320000; strychnine C07D0043340000) C07D0099020000 containing different heterocyclic rings C07D0099040000 with nitrogen and oxygen as the hetero atoms in different rings C07D0099060000 with nitrogen and sulphur as the hetero atoms in different rings C07D0099080000 Biotin C07D0099100000 in which at least one ring has nitrogen and sulphur together as hetero atoms and another ring has oxygen, nitrogen, or sulphur as the hetero atom C07D0099120000 Vitamin B; 1Derivatives therof C07D0099140000 Penicillanic acids C07D0099160000 Penicillins; Salts or derivatives thereof with inorganic bases C07D0099180000 Purification; Stabilisation C07D0099200000 Salts with organic bases C07D0099220000 Derivatives, e.g. halides, anhydrides, esters C07D0099240000 Cephalosporin C and derivatives thereof, e.g. 7-amino-cephalosporanic acid C07D0101000000 Steroids in which one or more of the carbocyclic rings of the basic skeleton have been replaced by heterocyclic rings C07D0103000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings having an element of the 4th Group of the Periodic System as the hetero atom or atoms C07D0103020000 Silicon compounds C07D0103040000 Cyclic esters of silicic acids C07D0105000000 Heterocyclic compounds containing one or more rings having an element of the 5th Group of the Periodic System as the hetero atom or atoms C07D0105020000 Phosphorus compounds C07D0105040000 Cyclic esters of acids of phosphorus C07D0105060000 Arsenic compounds C07D0107000000 Other heterocyclic compounds C07D0107020000 Boron compounds C07D0109000000 Cyclic compounds having at least one ring containing no carbon C07D0109020000 containing boron in the ring C07D0109040000 containing silicon in the ring C07F ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC, OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING, OUTSIDE ANY RING, ELEMENTS OTHER THAN HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULPHUR, SELENIUM, AND TELLURIUM, WITH OR WITHOUT THE LATTER SPECIFIED ELEMENTS (acetylides C07C0011260000;metal-containing porphyrins C07D0027760000) C07F0001000000 Compounds containing elements of the 1st Group of the Periodic System C07F0001020000 Lithium compounds C07F0001040000 Sodium compounds C07F0001060000 Potassium compounds C07F0001080000 Copper compounds C07F0001100000 Silver compounds C07F0001120000 Gold compounds C07F0003000000 Compounds containing elements of the 2nd Group of the Periodic System C07F0003020000 Magnesium compounds C07F0003040000 Calcium compounds C07F0003060000 Zinc compounds C07F0003080000 Cadmium compounds C07F0003100000 Mercury compounds C07F0003120000 Aromatic substances containing mercury C07F0003140000 Heterocyclic substances containing mercury C07F0005000000 Compounds containing elements of the 3rd Group of the Periodic System C07F0005020000 Boron compounds C07F0005040000 Esters of boric acids C07F0005060000 Aluminium compounds C07F0007000000 Compounds containing elements of the 4th Group of the Periodic System C07F0007020000 Silicon compounds C07F0007040000 Esters of silicic acids C07F0007060000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0007080000 Compounds having one or more C; Si linkages C07F0007100000 containing nitrogen C07F0007120000 Organo silicon halides C07F0007140000 Preparation thereof from halogenated silanes and hydrocarbons C07F0007160000 Preparation thereof from silicon and halogenated hydrocarbons C07F0007180000 Compounds having one or more C; Si linkages as well as one or more COSi linkages C07F0007200000 Purification; Separation C07F0007220000 Tin compounds C07F0007240000 Lead compounds C07F0007260000 Tetra-alkyl lead compounds C07F0007280000 Titanium compounds C07F0009000000 Compounds containing elements of the 5th Group of the Periodic System C07F0009020000 Phosphorus compounds (nucleotides C07D0051500000);; C07F0009040000 Reaction products of phosphorus sulphur compounds with hydrocarbons C07F0009060000 without P; C bonds C07F0009080000 Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus C07F0009100000 Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin C07F0009120000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0009140000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009160000 Esters of thiophosphorous acids or thiophosphorous acids C07F0009180000 with hydroxyaryl compounds C07F0009200000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009220000 Amides of acids of phosphorus C07F0009240000 Esteramides C07F0009260000 containing P-halide groups C07F0009280000 with one or more P; C bond(s) C07F0009300000 Phosphinic acids (R; 2=P(:O)OH)Thiophosphinic acids C07F0009320000 Esters thereof C07F0009340000 Halides thereof C07F0009360000 Amides thereof C07F0009380000 Phosphonic acids (R; P(:O)(OH)2)Thiophosphonic acids C07F0009400000 Esters thereof C07F0009420000 Halides thereof C07F0009440000 Amides thereof C07F0009460000 Phosphinous acids R; 2=POH or thiophosphinous acids C07F0009480000 Phosphonous acids R; P(OH)2 or thiophosphonous acids C07F0009500000 Organo-phosphines C07F0009520000 Halophosphines C07F0009540000 Quaternary phosphonium compounds C07F0009560000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more ethylenimine ring(s) C07F0009580000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more pyridine ring(s) C07F0009600000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more quinoline ring(s) C07F0009620000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more isoquinoline ring(s) C07F0009640000 Phosphorus compounds containing one or more acridine ring(s) C07F0009660000 Arsenic compounds C07F0009680000 without As; C bonds C07F0009700000 Organo-arsenic compounds C07F0009720000 Aliphatic compounds C07F0009740000 Aromatic compounds C07F0009760000 containing hydroxyl groups C07F0009780000 containing amino groups C07F0009800000 Heterocyclic compounds C07F0009820000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more pyridine ring(s) C07F0009840000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more quinoline ring(s) C07F0009860000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more isoquinoline ring(s) C07F0009880000 Arsenic compounds containing one or more acridine ring(s) C07F0009900000 Antimony compounds C07F0009920000 Aromatic compounds C07F0009940000 Bismuth compounds C07F0011000000 Compounds containing elements of the 6th Group of the Periodic System C07F0013000000 Compounds containing elements of the 7th Group of the Periodic System C07F0015000000 Compounds containing elements of the 8th Group of the Periodic System C07F0015020000 Iron compounds C07F0015030000 Sideramines; The corresponding desferri compounds C07F0015040000 Nickel compounds C07F0015060000 Cobalt compounds C07G COMPOUNDS OF UNKNOWN CONSTITUTION C07G0001000000 Lignin; Lignin derivatives C07G0003000000 Glycosides (polysaccharides C08B);; C07G0005000000 Alkaloids C07G0007000000 Proteins; Albumens; Nucleoproteins; Degradation products of proteins (foodstuffs A23);; C07G0007020000 Enzymes C07G0007022000 extraction from plants C07G0007024000 from malt C07G0007026000 extraction from animal material C07G0007028000 extraction from micro-organisms C07G0007030000 from yeast C07G0007040000 Metal compounds C07G0007060000 of keratin or its degradation products C07G0009000000 Ichthyol C07G0011000000 Antibiotics C07G0013000000 Vitamins (vitamin K C07C0049660000;pantothenic acid C07C0103500000; vitamins of the D group C07C0171100000; vitamin A C07C0175000000; vitamin C C07D0005120000; tocopherols C07D0007220000; pyridoxin C07D0031300000; pyridoxal C07D0031320000; pyridoxamin C07D0031420000; vitamin B12 C07D0055620000; riboflavin C07D0057320000; lipoic acid, derivatives thereof C07D0071040000; biotin C07D0099080000; vitamin B 1 C07D0099120000; sideramines, corresponding desferri compounds C07F0015030000) C07G0015000000 Hormones C07G0017000000 Other compounds of unknown constitution C08 MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION AND CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON (production of cellulose D21;production of starch, sugar and like carbohydrates C13; explosive compositions C06; paints, lacquers, inks C09D; lubricating compositions C10M; production of artificial threads, fibres, bristles, and ribbons, including compositions therefor D01; textile-treating compositions D06) C08B POLYSACCHARIDES AND THEIR DERIVATIVES C08B0001000000 Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof C08B0001020000 Rendering cellulose suitable for esterification C08B0001040000 for the preparation of cellulose nitrate C08B0001060000 Rendering cellulose suitable for etherification C08B0001080000 alkali cellulose C08B0001100000 Apparatus for the preparation of alkali cellulose C08B0001120000 Steeping devices C08B0001140000 Ripening devices C08B0003000000 Preparation of cellulose esters of organic acids C08B0003020000 Catalysts used for the esterification C08B0003040000 cellulose formate C08B0003060000 cellulose acetate C08B0003080000 of monobasic organic acids with three or more carbon atoms C08B0003100000 with five or more carbon atoms C08B0003120000 of polybasic organic acids C08B0003140000 in which the organic acid residue contains substituents, e.g. NH; 2, Cl C08B0003160000 Preparation of mixed organic cellulose esters C08B0003180000 Aceto-butyrates C08B0003200000 Esterification with maintenance of the fibrous structure of the cellulose (surface esterification of textiles D06M0013000000);; C08B0003220000 Post-esterification treatments, including purification C08B0003240000 Hydrolysis or ripening C08B0003260000 Isolation of the cellulose ester C08B0003280000 by precipitation C08B0003300000 Stabilising (by addition of stabilisers C08B0027620000);; C08B0003320000 Recovery of waste materials C08B0005000000 Preparation of cellulose esters of inorganic acids C08B0005020000 cellulose nitrate C08B0005040000 post-esterification treatments, including purification C08B0005060000 Isolation of the cellulose nitrate C08B0005080000 Stabilisation (by addition of stabilisers C08B0027620000);; C08B0005100000 Reducing the viscosity C08B0005120000 Replacing the water by organic liquids C08B0005140000 cellulose sulphate C08B0005160000 Recovery of waste materials C08B0007000000 Preparation of cellulose esters of both organic and inorganic acids C08B0009000000 Cellulose xanthate; Viscose C08B0009020000 Sulphidisers; Dissolvers C08B0009040000 Continuous processes C08B0009060000 Single-stage processes C08B0009080000 Recovery of waste materials C08B0011000000 Preparation of cellulose ethers C08B0011020000 alkyl or cycloalkyl ethers C08B0011040000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals C08B0011060000 with halogen-substituted hydrocarbon radicals C08B0011080000 with hydroxylated hydrocarbon radicals; Esters, ethers, or acetals thereof C08B0011100000 substituted with acid radicals C08B0011120000 substituted with carboxylic radicals C08B0011140000 with nitrogen-containing groups C08B0011160000 aryl or aralkyl ethers C08B0011180000 with substituted hydrocarbon radicals C08B0011200000 Post-etherification treatments, including purification C08B0011220000 Isolation C08B0013000000 Preparation of cellulose ether-esters C08B0013020000 cellulose ether xanthates C08B0015000000 Preparation of other cellulose derivatives or modified cellulose C08B0015020000 oxycellulose; hydrocellulose; cellulose hydrate C08B0015040000 carboxycellulose, e.g. prepared by oxidation with nitrogen dioxide C08B0015060000 Nitrogen derivatives C08B0017000000 Apparatus for esterification or etherification of cellulose C08B0017020000 for making organic esters of cellulose C08B0017040000 for making cellulose nitrate C08B0017060000 for making cellulose ethers C08B0019000000 Preparation of polysaccharides (cellulose D21;starch, dextrin, and similar carbohydrates C13L); Derivatives of polysaccharides other than cellulose C08B0019020000 sulphates of polysaccharides C08B0019030000 Heparin C08B0019040000 derivatives of starch (sulphates C08B0019020000);; C08B0019060000 starch ethers C08B0019080000 dextran and its derivatives (sulphates C08B0019020000);; C08B0019100000 alginic acid; derivatives thereof (sulphates C08B0019020000;foodstuff preparations A23L0001040000) C08B0019120000 derivatives of pectin (sulphates C08B0019020000;foodstuff preparations A23L0001040000) C08B0019140000 chitin and related compounds; derivatives thereof (sulphates C08B0019020000);; C08B0019160000 derivatives of agar-agar C08B0021000000 Compositions based essentially on cellulose derivatives C08B0021020000 based on cellulose esters of organic acids C08B0021040000 on cellusose acetate C08B0021060000 on mixed esters, e.g. cellulose acetate-butyrate C08B0021080000 on esters mixed with other macromolecular compounds C08B0021100000 based on cellulose esters of inorganic acids C08B0021120000 on cellulose nitrate C08B0021140000 on esters mixed with other macromolecular compounds C08B0021160000 based on cellulose esters of both organic and inorganic acids C08B0021180000 based on cellulose xanthate C08B0021200000 on viscose C08B0021220000 on cellulose xanthate mixed with other macromolecular compounds C08B0021240000 based on cellulose ethers C08B0021260000 on alkyl ethers C08B0021280000 on aryl or aralkyl ethers C08B0021300000 on ethers containing carboxyl groups C08B0021320000 on mixtures of ethers with other macromolecular compounds C08B0021340000 based on cellulose ether esters C08B0023000000 Compositions based essentially on cellulose or modified cellulose C08B0023020000 based on oxycellulose or hydrocellulose C08B0023040000 based on cellulose hydrate C08B0025000000 Compositions based essentially on polysaccharides, other than cellulose, or their derivatives C08B0025020000 based on starch or its derivatives or its degradation products, e.g. dextrine C08B0025040000 based on dextran or its derivatives C08B0025060000 based on pectin or its derivatives C08B0027000000 Other compounding ingredients (C08B0021080000, C08B0021140000, C08B0021220000, C08B0021320000 take precedence);; C08B0027020000 Inert fillers or pigments C08B0027040000 inorganic C08B0027060000 Clay C08B0027080000 carbon, e.g. carbon black, charcoal, coke, graphite C08B0027100000 fibrous C08B0027120000 Abrasive fillers C08B0027140000 organic C08B0027160000 fibrous C08B0027180000 cellulosic, e.g. wood-flour C08B0027200000 Cork C08B0027220000 Plasticisers, Solvents; Swelling agents C08B0027240000 Inorganic compounds C08B0027260000 Aquenous solutions C08B0027280000 of zinc compounds C08B0027300000 of copper compounds C08B0027320000 of sulphuric acid C08B0027340000 Organic compounds C08B0027360000 Hydrocarbons C08B0027380000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C08B0027400000 containing oxygen with or without halogen C08B0027420000 Hydroxyl compounds; Metal compounds thereof; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals C08B0027440000 Carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof C08B0027460000 Esters prepared from acyclic polycarboxylic acids C08B0027480000 Esters prepared from cyclic carboxylic acids or cyclic alcohols C08B0027500000 Ether-esters C08B0027520000 containing nitrogen, or nitrogen and oxygen, with or without halogen C08B0027540000 containing sulphur, or sulphur and oxygen, with or without halogen C08B0027560000 containing sulphur and nitrogen, with or without oxygen and/or halogen C08B0027580000 containing phosphorus, silicon, or boron C08B0027600000 Mineral oil products or conversion products thereof, e.g. paraffin wax, asphalt, bitumen, pitch C08B0027620000 Stabilisers C08B0027640000 inorganic C08B0027660000 organic C08B0027680000 containing nitrogen C08B0027700000 organo-metallic compounds C08B0027720000 Hardening agents, e.g. isocyanates C08B0027740000 Pesticides, e.g. bactericides, fungicides C08B0027760000 Dyes; Lakes C08B0029000000 Methods of treating polysaccharides or their derivatives or compositions containing them to produce articles or materials (chemical part) C08B0029020000 Powdering or granulating C08B0029030000 by dissolving and precipitating C08B0029040000 Colouring (dyeing solids D06P);; C08B0029060000 Colouring paricles for making pigments C08B0029080000 Decolourising C08B0029100000 Working-up to porous or cellular articles or masses C08B0029120000 Working-up viscose C08B0029140000 Chemical features in the manufacture of articles, including material in sheet form (in manufacture of laminates C08J);; C08B0029160000 from cellulose esters of organic acids C08B0029180000 from cellulose esters of inorganic acids C08B0029200000 from solutions of cellulose C08B0029220000 from viscose C08B0029240000 from cuprammonium solutions C08B0029260000 from cellulose ethers C08B0029280000 from polysaccharides, other than cellulose, or derivatives thereof C08B0029300000 in making films or sheets C08B0029320000 in making tubular bodies C08B0029340000 Dispersing polysaccharides or their derivatives C08B0029360000 with the aid or dispersing agents C08B0029380000 Treatment of formed articles or materials C08B0029400000 Recovery of waste materials C08B0029420000 of solvents or plasticisers C08C NATURAL RUBBERS AND THEIR DERIVATIVES C08C0001000000 Treatment of rubber latex C08C0001020000 Chemical or physical treatment of rubber latex before and/or during concentration C08C0001040000 Purifying; Deproteinising C08C0001060000 Preservation of rubber latex (with additives C08C0007000000);; C08C0001080000 Concentrating with the aid of creaming agents C08C0001100000 Concentrating by centrifugation C08C0001120000 Concentrating by evaporation C08C0001140000 Coagulation C08C0001160000 in floc form C08C0001180000 Preparation of artificial latex by dispersing rubber in water C08C0003000000 Treatment, e.g. purifying, coagulated crude natural rubbers C08C0005000000 Preparation of derivatives from natural rubber C08C0005020000 with halogens C08C0005040000 with hydrohalides C08C0005060000 with non-metal oxides, e.g. sulphur dioxide, phosphorus trioxide, nitrogen trioxide C08C0007000000 Compositions based essentially on unvulcanised or vulcanised latex C08C0007020000 Compounding ingredients C08C0007040000 Pre-treated compounding ingredients C08C0007060000 Cements; Mortars; Plaster C08C0007080000 Loose fibres, e.g. of cellulose, leather, asbestos C08C0007100000 Stabilisers, including pH-value-regulating agents C08C0007120000 Pesticides, e.g. fungicides. bactericides C08C0007140000 Colloidal thickening agents C08C0007160000 Sensitising agents, i.e. heat-latent coagulants (C08C0001140000 takes precedence);; C08C0007180000 Surface-active agents, including antifoaming agents C08C0009000000 Compositions based essentially on unvulcanised natural rubber with or without synthetic rubber (C08C0015000000 takes precedence);; C08C0009020000 on natural rubber components other than Hevea rubber C08C0009040000 with synthetic rubber C08C0009060000 with other macromolecular compounds C08C0009080000 Unvulcanised derivatives of natural or synthetic rubber C08C0009100000 Vulcanised natural or synthetic rubber C08C0009120000 Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof C08C0009140000 Polymers or copolymers C08C0009160000 Polycondensation or polyaddition products C08C0009180000 Natural resins C08C0009200000 Factice C08C0011000000 Other compounding ingredients C08C0011020000 Pre-treated compounding ingredients C08C0011040000 inorganic C08C0011060000 Oxides; Hydroxides C08C0011080000 Metal oxides C08C0011100000 Silica and its hydrates C08C0011120000 Silicates C08C0011140000 Clay C08C0011160000 Fibrous material, e.g. asbestos C08C0011180000 Carbon, e.g. carbon black, charcoal, coke, graphite C08C0011200000 organic C08C0011220000 Hydrocarbons C08C0011240000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C08C0011260000 containing oxygen with or without halogen C08C0011280000 Hydroxyl compounds; Metal compounds thereof C08C0011300000 Containing phenolic hydroxyl groups C08C0011320000 Ethers; Acetals; Aldehydes; Ketones; Ketals C08C0011340000 Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides C08C0011360000 Esters; Ether-esters C08C0011380000 from acyclic polycarboxylic acids C08C0011400000 containing nitrogen, or nitrogen and oxygen, with or without halogen C08C0011420000 Nitro compounds C08C0011440000 Amines; Imides; Amides C08C0011460000 with aromatically-bound amino groups C08C0011480000 Urea; Derivatives thereof C08C0011500000 Guanidine; Derivatives thereof C08C0011520000 Heterocyclic oxygen compounds containing nitrogen with or without oxygen as hetero atoms C08C0011540000 containing sulphur or selenium with or without nitrogen, oxygen and halogen C08C0011560000 Thiuram sulphides C08C0011580000 Thiocarbamates C08C0011600000 Heterocyclic compounds containing sulphur with or without nitrogen or oxygen as hetero atoms C08C0011620000 Thiazoles C08C0011640000 Organo-metallic compounds C08C0011660000 Phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, silicon, or boron compounds C08C0011680000 Hydrocarbon oil products, e.g. asphalt, bitumen, pitch, coal tar; Conversion products thereof C08C0011700000 Waxes, e.g. paraffin waxes; Natural waxes C08C0011720000 Vegetable and animal oils and fats C08C0011740000 Loose fibrous material, e.g. hair, straw, wood-flour; Cork particles C08C0011760000 Dyes; Lakes C08C0013000000 Compositions based essentially on derivatives of natural rubber (on mixtures with other natural rubber components C08C0009080000;with synthetic rubber or its derivatives C08D) C08C0013020000 Plasticisers C08C0013040000 for halogenated rubber C08C0013060000 for hydrohalogenated rubber C08C0013080000 Stabilisers C08C0013100000 for halogenated rubber C08C0013120000 for hydrohalogenated rubber C08C0015000000 Compositions based essentially on reclaimed vulcanised natural or synthetic rubber C08C0017000000 Chemical features in the manufacture of articles or materials fro rubber or rubber derivatives (in the manufacture of layered products C08J0001360000);; C08C0017020000 in the manufacture of threads from rubber C08C0017040000 from latex C08C0017060000 in the direct processing of latex to rubber articles C08C0017080000 in the manufacture of porous or cellular articles or materials C08C0017100000 with the aid or blowing agents C08C0017120000 with the aid of soluble particles to be leached out C08C0017140000 from undried coagulum or gel C08C0017160000 in the treatment of threads, fabrics, or other coherent fibrous material with rubber or derivatives thereof C08C0017180000 with latex C08C0017200000 in the bonding of rubber to other materials, e.g. metal, glass, leather (joining glass to glass with the aid of synthetic rubber C03C0027100000);; C08C0017220000 in plasticising rubber (by addition of plasticisers C08C0011000000);; C08C0017240000 in the coating of rubber C08C0017260000 in the surface treatment, e.g. halogenation of rubber C08C0017280000 Chemical vulcanisation, e.g. Peachey process C08C0017300000 from reaction products of rubber with halogens, acids or acid anhydrides, e.g. sulphur dioxide (manufacture of artificial threads D01F0009020000);; C08C0017320000 from halogenated or hydrohalogenated rubber C08C0017340000 in making films or sheets C08C0017360000 in the manufacture of abrasive or friction articles or materials C08C0017380000 Recovery of waste materials C08D SYNTHETIC RUBBERS C08D0001000000 Methods of polymerisation, including polymerisation by irradiation C08D0001020000 Thermal polymerisation C08D0001040000 Polymerisation of monomers in solution C08D0001050000 with the use of dispersing agents for the polymers C08D0001070000 Polymerisation of monomers in non-solvents to produce polymers in granular form, i.e. suspension polymerisation C08D0001090000 Emulsion polymerisation C08D0001120000 Catalytic polymerisation C08D0001140000 using reaction products or mixtures or complexes of (1) metallic compounds reducible to a lower valency with (2) reducing agents, e.g. Ziegler-type catalysts C08D0001160000 using other catalysts C08D0001180000 metals C08D0001200000 alkali metals C08D0001220000 oxygen or oxygen-generating compounds, e.g. persalts, peroxides (C08D0001240000 takes precedence);; C08D0001240000 redox systems C08D0001260000 other inorganic catalysts C08D0001280000 acids; salts; mixtures thereof C08D0001300000 inorganic halides, other than hydrogen halides, or complexes thereof C08D0001320000 other organic catalysts C08D0001340000 Nitriles of azo compounds C08D0001360000 using regulators, e.g. chain-stopping agents C08D0001380000 using polymerisation retarders C08D0003000000 Nature of starting materials C08D0003020000 Mixtures of monomers (C08D0003040000 takes precedence);; C08D0003040000 Hydrocarbons C08D0003060000 Butadiene C08D0003080000 Stereospecific polymers C08D0003100000 Isoprene C08D0003120000 Stereospecific polymers C08D0003140000 Halogen-substituted hydrocarbons C08D0005000000 After-treatment of polymers or copolymers before vulcanisation, e.g. purifying (plasticising C08D0013220000;stabilisers C08C) C08D0005020000 After-treatment with chemicals C08D0005040000 Halogens, hydrohalides, non-metal oxides C08D0007000000 Compositions based essentially on synthetic rubber latices C08D0007020000 Compounding ingredients C08D0007040000 Pre-treated compounding ingredients C08D0007060000 Cements; Mortar; Plaster C08D0007080000 Loose fibres, e.g. of cellulose, leather, asbestos C08D0007100000 Stabilisers, including pH-value-regulating agents C08D0007120000 Pesicides, e.g. fungicides, bactericides C08D0007140000 Colloidal thickening agents C08D0007160000 Sensitising agents, i.e. heat-latent coagulants C08D0007180000 Surface-active agents, e.g. anti-foaming agents C08D0009000000 Compositions based essentially on unvulcanised synthetic rubber (compounding ingredients C08C0011000000);; C08D0009020000 in admixture with other macromolecular compounds C08D0009040000 with vulcanised natural or synthetic rubber C08D0009060000 with polysaccharides or derivatives thereof C08D0009080000 with polymers or copolymers C08D0009100000 with polycondensation or polyaddition products C08D0009120000 with natural resins C08D0009140000 with factice C08D0009160000 with derivatives of natural or synthetic rubber C08D0011000000 Compositions based essentially on derivatives of synthetic rubber C08D0011020000 Plasticisers C08D0011040000 Stabilisers C08D0013000000 Chemical features in the manufacture of articles or materials from synthetic rubber or derivatives thereof (in the manufacture of layered products C08J0001360000);; C08D0013020000 in the manufacture of threads from synthetic rubber C08D0013040000 from synthetic latex C08D0013060000 in the direct processing os synthetic latex to rubber articles C08D0013080000 in the manufacture of porous or cellular articles or materials C08D0013100000 with the aid of blowing agents C08D0013120000 with the aid of soluble particles to be leached out C08D0013140000 from undried coagulum or gel C08D0013160000 in the treatment of threads, fabrics or other coherent fibrous material, with synthetic rubber or derivatives thereof C08D0013180000 with synthetic latex C08D0013200000 in the bonding of synthetic rubber to other materials, e.g. metal, glass, leather (joining blass to glass with the aid of synthetic rubber C03C0027100000);; C08D0013220000 in plasticising synthetic rubber (by addition of plasticisers C08C0011000000);; C08D0013240000 in the coating of synthetic rubber C08D0013260000 in the surface treatment, e. g halogenisation of synthetic rubber C08D0013280000 Chemical vulcanisation, e.g. Peachey process C08D0013300000 From reaction products of synthetic rubber with halogens, acids, or acid anhydrides, e.g. sulphur dioxide (manufacture or artificial threads D01F0009020000);; C08D0013320000 from halogenated of hydrohalogenated synthetic rubber C08D0013340000 in making films or sheets C08D0013360000 in the manufacture of abrasive or friction articles or materials C08D0013380000 Recovery of waste materials C08F POLYMERISATION PRODUCTS (synthetic rubber C08D;polymerised drying oils C09F) C08F0001000000 Methods of polymerisation C08F0001020000 Thermal polymerisation C08F0001040000 Polymerisation in bulk C08F0001060000 Continuous flow polymerisation C08F0001080000 Polymerisation of monomers in solution C08F0001090000 with the aid of dispersing agents for the polymer C08F0001110000 Polymerisation of monomers in non-solvents to produce polymers in granular form, i.e. suspension polymerisation C08F0001130000 Emulsion polymerisation C08F0001160000 Polymerisation initiated by energetic waves or by iradiation C08F0001180000 by ultra-violet light C08F0001200000 with special sensitising agents C08F0001220000 by silent discharges, e.g. voltolisation C08F0001240000 by X-rays or electrons C08F0001260000 by ultrasonics C08F0001280000 using organo-metallic compounds; using mixtures or complexes of (1) metallic compounds reducible to a lowar valency with (2) reducing agents, i.e. Ziegler-type catalysts C08F0001300000 using single organo-metallic compounds of metals having two valencies (C08F0001340000 takes precedence);; C08F0001320000 using mixtures or complexes of reducible metallic compounds (the catalyst) with reducing agents (the co-catalyst) C08F0001340000 the compounds being of metals not belonging to group IVa, Va, VIa, VIIa, or VIII of the Periodic System C08F0001360000 the compounds being of metals belonging to group IVa, Va, or VIa of the Periodic System C08F0001380000 inorganic reducing agents C08F0001400000 organic reducing agents C08F0001420000 organo-metallic reducing agents C08F0001440000 organic reducing compounds of phosphorus, boron, or silicon C08F0001460000 the compounds being of metals belonging to group VIIa, or VIII of the Periodic System C08F0001480000 inorganic reducing agents C08F0001500000 organic reducing agents C08F0001520000 organo-metallic reducing agents C08F0001540000 organic reducing compounds of phosphorus, boron, or silicon C08F0001560000 using mixtures of any of the catalytic systems covered by ; C08F0001280000; with materials which modify the catalytic action C08F0001580000 using other catalysts C08F0001600000 oxygen or oxygen-generating compounds, e.g. peroxy compounds C08F0001620000 redox systems C08F0001640000 other inorganic catalysts C08F0001660000 metals or their oxides C08F0001680000 alkali metals C08F0001700000 inorganic acids or salts; mixtures thereof (C08F0001720000 takes precedence);; C08F0001720000 inorganic halides other than hydrogen halides; complexes thereof C08F0001740000 other organic catalysts C08F0001760000 nitrogen-containing compounds C08F0001780000 nitriles of azo compounds C08F0001800000 using polymerisation regulators, e.g. chain-stopping agents C08F0001820000 using polymerisation retarding agents C08F0001840000 Polymerisation in presence of plasticisers fillers or dyestuffs (C08F0001860000 takes precedence);; C08F0001860000 to produce shaped polymers C08F0001880000 Post-polymerisation treatments, e.g. purification (chemical modification of polymers by after-treatment C08F0027000000);; C08F0001900000 Neutralisation C08F0001920000 Precipitation or coagulation C08F0001940000 Fractionation of polymers C08F0001960000 Removal of monomers C08F0001980000 Apparatus C08F0003000000 Polymers of acyclic compounds containing carbon-to carbon double bounds C08F0003020000 Hydrocarbon polymers C08F0003040000 Polyethylene C08F0003060000 Low-pressure polyethylene C08F0003080000 Polypropylene C08F0003100000 Stereospecific polypropylene C08F0003120000 Polybutylene C08F0003140000 Polyiso-butylene C08F0003160000 from hydrocarbons with conjugated double bonds (synthetic rubbers C08D);; C08F0003180000 Butadiene (non-elastomeric) C08F0003200000 Polymers of acyclic halogenated hydrocarbons containing carbon-to carbon double bonds C08F0003220000 Polymers of halogenated ethylene C08F0003240000 Polytetrafluorethylene C08F0003260000 Polytrifluorochloroethylene C08F0003280000 Polyvinylidene chloride C08F0003300000 Polyvinyl chloride C08F0003320000 Polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons containing more than two carton atoms C08F0003340000 Polymers of unsaturated alcohols or ethers C08F0003360000 Polyallyl alcohol C08F0003380000 Polyvinyl ethers or thio-ethers C08F0003400000 Polymers of unsaturated aldehydes or ketones C08F0003420000 Polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids C08F0003440000 Polyacrylic acid C08F0003460000 Polymethacrylic acid C08F0003480000 Polymers of maleic or fumaric acid C08F0003500000 Polymers of unsaturated organic esters (polymers of macromolecular polyesters C08F0011020000);; C08F0003520000 in which the alcohol residue contains the unsaturation C08F0003540000 Polyvinyl esters C08F0003560000 Polyvinyl acetate C08F0003580000 Polyallyl esters C08F0003600000 Polydiallyl phthalate C08F0003620000 in which the unsaturation is in the acid residue or in both the acid and alcohol residues C08F0003640000 Polyacrylates C08F0003660000 Polytmethacrylates C08F0003680000 Polymethyl methacrylate C08F0003700000 Polymaleates or fumarates C08F0003720000 Polydiallyl maleate C08F0003740000 Polymers of unsaturated nitriles C08F0003760000 Polyacrylonitrile C08F0003780000 Plymethacrylonitrile C08F0003800000 Polyvinylidene cyanide C08F0003820000 Polymalonitrile of fumaronitrile C08F0003840000 Polymers of other acyclic compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds C08F0003860000 Polyvinylamines C08F0003880000 of unsaturated nitro compounds C08F0003900000 of unsaturated amides C08F0003920000 of unsaturated sulphonamides C08F0005000000 Polymers of cyclic compounds containing carton-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring C08F0005020000 Coumarone-indene polymers C08F0005040000 Polymers of furane or derivatives thereof C08F0007000000 Polymers of cyclic compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds in side chains (C08F0003580000 takes precedence);; C08F0007020000 of carbocyclic compounds C08F0007040000 Polystyrene C08F0007060000 Polymers of halogenated styrene C08F0007080000 Polydivinylbenzene C08F0007100000 Polyvinylphenols C08F0007120000 of heterocyclic compounds C08F0007140000 Polymers of N-vinyl pyrrolidine C08F0007160000 Polymers of N-vinyl carbazole C08F0009000000 Polymers of compounds containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C08F0009020000 Polyvinylacetylene C08F0011000000 Polymers of unsaturated polycondensates C08F0011020000 of polyesters C08F0011040000 of silicon-containing polycondensates C08F0013000000 Polymers no elsewhere classified C08F0013020000 Polymers of aromatic hydrocarbons, or heterocyclic nitrogen analogues thereof, containing two methyl groups in para positions C08F0013040000 Polymers from mixtures of unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide C08F0013060000 Polymers from mixtures of unsaturated compounds with sulphur dioxide C08F0015000000 Copolymers of mixtures of acyclic compounds covered by group ; C08F0003000000 C08F0015020000 Binary copolymers C08F0015040000 of mixtures of hydrocarbons C08F0015060000 of mixtures of halogenated hydrocarbons C08F0015080000 Vinyl halide vinylidene halide copolymers C08F0015100000 of mixtures of unsaturated alcohols or ethers C08F0015120000 of mixtures of unsaturated aldehydes or ketons C08F0015140000 of mixtures of unsaturated carboxylic acids C08F0015160000 of mixtures of unsaturated esters C08F0015180000 of acrylates with methacrylates C08F0015200000 of vinyl esters with other esters C08F0015220000 of mixtures of unsaturated nitriles C08F0015240000 of mixtures of halogenated hydrocarbon with unsaturated esters C08F0015260000 with acrylates or methacrylates C08F0015280000 vinyl halide vinyl ester copolymers C08F0015300000 vinyl chloride-vinyl-acetate compolymers C08F0015320000 of mixtures of halogenated hydrocarbon with unsaturated carboxylic acid or nitrile C08F0015340000 with polybasic acids C08F0015360000 of mixtures of unsaturated carboxylic acids with unsaturated esters or nitriles C08F0015380000 of mixtures of unsaturated esters with unsaturated nitriles C08F0015400000 Copolymers of more than two monomers C08F0015420000 of hydrocarbons in mineral oils C08F0017000000 Copolymers of compounds covered by group C08F0005000000; with or without compounds covered by group C08F0003000000; (coumarone-indene copolymers C08F0005020000);; C08F0019000000 Copolymers of compounds covered by group ; C08F0007000000; with or without compounds covered by groups C08F0003000000 and C08F0005000000 C08F0019020000 of styrene with other monomers C08F0019040000 with unsaturated hydrocarbons C08F0019060000 having conjugated double bonds C08F0019080000 with butadiene C08F0019100000 with unsaturated esters C08F0019120000 containing more than one double bond C08F0019140000 with drying oils or esters of drying oil acids C08F0019160000 with unsaturated nitriles C08F0019180000 with acrylonitrile C08F0019200000 of divinyl benzene with other monomers C08F0021000000 Copolymers of compounds covered by group ; C08F0011000000; with or without compounds covered by groups C08F0003000000, C08F0005000000, C08F0007000000, C08F0009000000 C08F0021020000 with styrene, its homologues, or halogenated derivatives thereof C08F0021040000 with drying or semi-drying oils, their acids, or esters thereof C08F0023000000 Copolymers of compounds containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds with other monomers C08F0025000000 Other copolymers C08F0027000000 Chemical modification of polymers or copolymers by after-treatment C08F0027020000 by incorporating halogen into the molecule, or removing it therefrom C08F0027030000 by halogenation of alkene polymers or copolymers C08F0027040000 by incorporating metal atoms in the molecule, e.g. preparation of salts C08F0027060000 by incorporating sulphur or groups containing sulphur into the molecule C08F0027070000 into alkene polymers or copolymers C08F0027080000 by incorporating groups containing nitrogen into the molecule C08F0027100000 with isocyanates or polyisocyanates C08F0027120000 by esterification C08F0027140000 by hydrolysis C08F0027160000 Preparation of polyvinyl alcohols C08F0027180000 by condensation with aldehydes or ketones C08F0027200000 Preparation of polyvinyl acetals or ketals C08F0027220000 by oxidation C08F0027240000 by reduction, e.g. hydrogenation C08F0027250000 hydrogenation of alkene polymers or copolymers C08F0027260000 Partial depolymerisation C08F0027280000 of alkene polymers or copolymers C08F0029000000 Compositions based essentially on polymers of acyclic compounds containing carton-to-carbon double bonds C08F0029020000 based on hydrocarbon polymers C08F0029040000 on polyethylene C08F0029060000 on polyisobutylene C08F0029080000 on non-elastomeric polymers of hydrocarbons with conjugated double bonds C08F0029100000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0029120000 mixed with other polymers or copolymers C08F0029140000 based on halogenated hydrocarbons C08F0029160000 containing fluorine C08F0029180000 on polyvinyl chloride C08F0029200000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0029220000 mixed with other polymers or copolymers C08F0029240000 on polyvinyl chloride mixed with other polymers or copolymers C08F0029260000 based on polymers of unsaturated alcohols (including polyvinyl alcohol, its acetals or ketals) ethers, aldehydes, or ketones C08F0029280000 on polymers of unsaturated ethers C08F0029300000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0029320000 on polyvinyl acetals mixed with other macromolecules C08F0029340000 based on polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids C08F0029360000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0029380000 based on polymers of unsaturated organic esters C08F0029400000 on polyvinyl esters (C08F0029480000 takes precedence);; C08F0029420000 on polyvinyl acetate C08F0029440000 on polyallyl esters C08F0029460000 on polyacrylates and/or methacrylates C08F0029480000 on esters of ; -unsaturated dicarboxylic acids C08F0029500000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0029520000 based on polymers of unsaturated nitriles C08F0029540000 on polyacrylonitrile C08F0029560000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0031000000 Compositions based essentially on polymers of compounds containing carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring C08F0031020000 based on polymers or copolymers of coumarone and indene C08F0031040000 on mixture with other macromolecules C08F0033000000 Compositions based essentially on polymers of cylic compounds containing carton-to-carbon double bonds in side chains C08F0033020000 on polystyrene C08F0033040000 on poly-N-vinyl pyrrolidine C08F0033060000 on poly-N-vinyl carbazole C08F0033080000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0035000000 Compositions base essentially on other polymers C08F0035020000 on silicon-containing polymers C08F0035040000 on polymers of compounds containing carbon-to-carbon triple bonds C08F0035060000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0037000000 Compositions based essentially on copolymers covered by group ; C08F0015000000 C08F0037020000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0015060000 C08F0037040000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0015160000 C08F0037060000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0015180000 C08F0037080000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0015260000 C08F0037100000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0015300000 C08F0037120000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0015340000 C08F0037140000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0015360000 C08F0037160000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0037180000 with other polymers or copolymers C08F0039000000 Compositions based essentially on copolymers covered by group ; C08F0017000000; with or without other macromolecules C08F0041000000 Compositions based essentially on copolymers covered by group ; C08F0019000000 C08F0041020000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0019020000 C08F0041040000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0019060000 C08F0041060000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0019100000 C08F0041080000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0019160000 C08F0041100000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0041120000 with other polymers or copolymers C08F0043000000 Compositions based essentially on other copolymers C08F0043020000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0021020000 C08F0043040000 on copolymers covered by ; C08F0021040000 C08F0043060000 mixed with other macromolecules C08F0043080000 with polymers or copolymers C08F0045000000 Other compounding ingredients C08F0045020000 Inert fillers or pigments C08F0045040000 Inorganic C08F0045060000 Clay C08F0045080000 Carbon, e.g. carbon black, charcoal, coke, graphite C08F0045100000 fibrous C08F0045120000 Abrasive fillers C08F0045140000 organic C08F0045160000 fibrous C08F0045180000 cellusosic, e.g. wood-flour C08F0045200000 Cork C08F0045220000 Plasticisers; Solvents; Swelling agents C08F0045240000 Inorganic compounds C08F0045260000 Organic compounds C08F0045280000 Hydrocarbons C08F0045300000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C08F0045320000 containing oxygen with or without halogen C08F0045340000 Hydroxyl compounds; Metal compounds thereof; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals C08F0045360000 Carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof C08F0045380000 Esters prepared from acyclic polycarboxylic acids C08F0045400000 Esters prepared from cyclic carboxylic acids or cyclic alcohols C08F0045420000 Ether-esters C08F0045440000 containing nitrogen, or nitrogen and oxygen, with or without halogen C08F0045460000 containing sulphur, or sulphur and oxygen, with or without halogen C08F0045480000 containing sulphur and nitrogen, with or without oxygen and/or halogen C08F0045500000 containing phosphorus, silicon, or boron C08F0045520000 Mineral oil products or conversion products thereof, e.g. paraffin wax, asphalt, bitumen, pitch C08F0045540000 Stabilisers C08F0045560000 Inorganic C08F0045580000 Organic C08F0045600000 containing nitrogen C08F0045620000 Organo-metallic compounds C08F0045640000 Pesticides, e.g. bactericides, fungicides C08F0045660000 Dyes; Lakes C08F0045670000 Optical brightening agents C08F0045680000 Polymerisable monomers C08F0045700000 Styrenes C08F0045720000 Hardening agents, e.g. isocycanates C08F0047000000 Methods of treating polymers, copolymers, or compositions containing them to produce articles or materials (chemical part) C08F0047020000 Powdering or granulating C08F0047030000 by dissolving and precipitating C08F0047040000 Colouring (dyeing solids D06P);; C08F0047060000 Colouring particles for making pigments C08F0047080000 Working-up to porous or cellular articles of masses C08F0047100000 by adding blowing agents C08F0047120000 Chemical features in the manufacture of articles, including material in sheet form (in manufacture of laminates C08J);; C08F0047140000 in making films or sheets C08F0047160000 Dispersing polymers or copolymers C08F0047180000 with the aid of dispersing agents C08F0047200000 in organic liquids C08F0047220000 Treatment of formed articles or materials C08F0047240000 Recovery of waste materials C08G POLYCONDENSATION AND POLYADDITION (two groups reacting) PRODUCTS C08G0001000000 Polymeric products from saturated aldehydes, i.e. not containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturation, or from cyclic oligomers thereof; Copolymers with less than 50 molar % of other substances C08G0001020000 Polymerisation of formaldehyde C08G0001040000 Polymerisation of trioxane C08G0001060000 Polymerisation of acetaldehyde C08G0001080000 Polymerisation of other saturated aldehydes C08G0001100000 Polymerisation of mixtures of saturated aldehydes C08G0001120000 Copolymerisation of saturated aldehydes with other monomers C08G0001140000 with epoxy compounds C08G0001160000 with acetals C08G0001180000 with compounds containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturation C08G0001200000 Use of catalysts for the polymerisation or copolymerisation C08G0001220000 Chemical modification of the polymers or copolymers by after-treatment C08G0001240000 by esterification C08G0001260000 by etherification C08G0001280000 by depolymerisation C08G0003000000 Polycondensates from aldehydes with ketones C08G0005000000 Polycondensates from aldehydes with phenols C08G0005020000 from aldehydes with sulphonated phenols C08G0005040000 from furfural with phenols C08G0005060000 from formaldehyd with phenols C08G0005080000 from phenols with only two free reactive positions ortho- or para- to the OH group, e.g. p-tert-butyl phenol C08G0005100000 from polyhydric phenols C08G0005120000 from phenols derived from natural sources such as cashew nut shell oil; from mixtures containing such phenols C08G0005140000 from aminophenols C08G0005160000 from chloro-, nitro-, or carboxy phenols C08G0005180000 Modified phenol-aldehyde condensates C08G0005200000 Oil- or oil acid-modified C08G0005220000 Rosin- or rosin acid-modified C08G0007000000 Polycondensates from aldehydes with aromatic hydrocarbons or their halogen derivatives C08G0009000000 Polycondensates from aldehydes with compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen (with amino phenols C08G0005140000);; C08G0009020000 with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds C08G0009040000 with amines C08G0009060000 aromatic amines C08G0009080000 with acyclic compounds containing at least once the configuration in which X is O, S or NH C08G0009100000 with urea or thiourea C08G0009120000 with dicyandiamide, guanidine, dicyandiamidine biguanides, biuret, semicarbazide C08G0009140000 with dicyandiamide C08G0009160000 with cyanamide C08G0009180000 with urethanes or thiourethanes C08G0009200000 with carboxylic acid amides (reaction of polyamides with aldehydes C08G0020400000);; C08G0009220000 with sulphonic amides C08G0009240000 with heterocyclic compounds C08G0009260000 with substituted diazines, diazoles, or triazoles C08G0009280000 with substituted triazines C08G0009300000 with melamine C08G0009320000 Modified polycondensates C08G0009340000 by etherifying C08G0009360000 by esterifying C08G0011000000 Polycondensates from aldehydes with polyalcohols; Polymers of heterocyclic oxygen compounds containing in the ring at least once the grouping -O-C-O- (trioxane polymers C08G0001000000);; C08G0013000000 Polycondensates from aldehydes with other compounds (with polynitriles C08G0020280000);; C08G0015000000 Polycondensates from ketones only or from ketones with other compounds (with aldehydes C08G0003000000);; C08G0015020000 with phenols C08G0017000000 Polyester condensates (polyesters containing silicon as part of the recurrent ester linkages C08G0031000000);; C08G0017003000 Methods of preparation C08G0017005000 Interfacial processes C08G0017007000 using epoxy compounds, cyclic carbonates, or cyclic sulphites (C08G0030000000 takes precedence);; C08G0017010000 Processes involving polycondensation of bisglycol esters C08G0017013000 characterised by the use of special catalysts or combinations of catalysts C08G0017015000 of polycondensation catalysts C08G0017017000 from cyclic lactones or lactides C08G0017020000 derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids C08G0017040000 derived from saturated polybasic acids, e.g. terephthalic acid, and saturated polyhydroxy compounds C08G0017060000 from dibasic acids and dihydroxy compounds C08G0017080000 from compounds containing carbocyclic rings C08G0017100000 derived from polycarboxylic acids and polyhydroxy compounds in which at least one of the two components contains aliphatic unsaturation (polymerisation of unsaturated polyesters C08F);; C08G0017120000 derived from maleic acid C08G0017130000 Polycarbonates C08G0017133000 Polyesters containing phosphorus as part of the recurrent ester linkages C08G0017137000 Polyesters containing boron as part of the recurrent ester linkages C08G0017140000 Modified polyester condensates C08G0017160000 modified with unsaturated higher fatty oils or their acids and/or rosin or rosin acids C08G0017180000 modified with monohydric alcohols C08G0020000000 Polyamides; Polyesteramides; Polyimides C08G0020020000 Preparation from C08G0020040000 omega-amino acids or amide-forming derivatives thereof C08G0020060000 acyclic C08G0020080000 ; -amino acids or amide-forming derivatives therof C08G0020100000 lactams C08G0020120000 epsilon-caprolactam C08G0020140000 continuous processes C08G0020160000 pyrrolidones C08G0020180000 by anionic polymerisation C08G0020200000 polyamines or amide-forming derivatives thereof and polybasic acids or amide-forming derivatives thereof C08G0020220000 interfacial processes C08G0020240000 with intermediate salt formation C08G0020260000 using polymerised unsaturated fatty acids C08G0020280000 aldehydes and polynitriles C08G0020300000 Polyesteramides C08G0020320000 Polyimides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide percursors C08G0020340000 Polyphosphonamides C08G0020360000 Polysulphonamides C08G0020380000 Modifying the polymers; Purifying C08G0020400000 with aldehydes C08G0020420000 removing low-molecular-weight polymers or other volatile materials C08G0022000000 Polyureas; Polyurethanes C08G0022020000 Polyureas C08G0022040000 Polyurethanes C08G0022060000 Preparatory processes characterised by the selection of special hydroxyl-containing starting materials and of special isocyanates C08G0022080000 Preparatory processes characterised by the selection of special hydroxyl-containing starting materials C08G0022100000 of polyesters C08G0022120000 with branched chains C08G0022140000 of polyethers C08G0022160000 of monomeric or oligomeric compounds C08G0022180000 Preparatory processes characterised by the selection of special isocyanates C08G0022200000 acyclic C08G0022220000 containing rings C08G0022240000 cycloaliphatic C08G0022260000 aromatic C08G0022280000 containing more than two NCO or NCS groups C08G0022300000 containing phosphorus C08G0022320000 masked isocyanates C08G0022340000 Preparatory processes characterised by the selection of special catalysts C08G0022360000 which are amines or salts thereof C08G0022380000 tert. amines C08G0022400000 which are metal compounds C08G0022420000 the metal being tin C08G0022440000 Manufacture of cellular products C08G0022460000 by th one-shot method C08G0022480000 by the prepolymer method C08G0023000000 Polyethers; Polythioethers (C08G0025000000, C08G0030000000 take precedence;polyacetals C08G0001000000, C08G0011000000) C08G0023020000 from compounds containing in their only heterocyclic ring, one oxygen atom and 2,3 or 4 carbon atoms C08G0023040000 from oxetanes C08G0023060000 from oxirane C08G0023080000 by polyaddition to active H-containing substances C08G0023100000 to hydroxyl-group containing substances C08G0023120000 the active hydrogen being attached to nitrogen C08G0023140000 using catalysts C08G0023160000 Polyphenylene oxides and derivatives thereof C08G0023180000 by oxidation of phenols C08G0023200000 Modification of the polymers by chemical after-treatment C08G0023220000 Esterification of terminal groups C08G0023240000 Etherification of terminal groups C08G0025000000 Polycondensates of organic compounds with inorganic sulphides or thiosulphates C08G0027000000 Polyadduct by the diene synthesis C08G0030000000 Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule (low molecular weight polyepoxy compounds C07);;Formation of macromolecules from compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule C08G0030020000 Poly-epoxy polycondensates from polyhydroxy compounds and epihalohydrin or its equivalent C08G0030040000 from polyhydric phenols C08G0030060000 from phenol-aldehyde condensates C08G0030080000 derived from amines C08G0030100000 forming macromolecules from poly-epoxy compounds e.g. by cross-linking C08G0030120000 using polybasic acids or anhydrides thereof C08G0030140000 using nitrogen-containing compounds C08G0030160000 using tertiary amines C08G0031000000 Organic silicon-containing plycondensates C08G0031020000 in which all the silicon atoms are linked by oxygen C08G0031040000 Polysilicates C08G0031060000 Modified with polyesters C08G0031090000 Polysiloxanes C08G0031100000 containing silicon bonded hydrogen C08G0031120000 containing silicon bonded to oxygen-containing groups C08G0031140000 to free hydroxyl groups C08G0031160000 to alkoxy or aryloxy groups C08G0031180000 to polyoxyalkylene groups C08G0031200000 containing silicon bonded to halogenated oranic groups C08G0031220000 containing silicon bonded to aliphatic unsaturated organic groups C08G0031240000 containing silicon bonded to nitrogen-containing organic groups C08G0031260000 containing silicon bonded to sulphur-containing organic groups C08G0031280000 in which some at least of the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms C08G0031300000 by nitrogen atoms C08G0031320000 by carbon linkages C08G0031340000 Preparatory processes C08G0031360000 hydrolytic C08G0031380000 continuous C08G0031400000 Modifying polymers by after-treatment C08G0031420000 fractionating C08G0031440000 introducing substituents or transforming existing substituents groups C08G0033000000 Other polycondensates or polyaddition products C08G0033020000 containing nitrogen as a structural element in the skeleton of the molecule (C08G0033160000, C08G0033180000 take precedence);; C08G0033040000 Polyhydrazides; Polytriazoles; Polyaminotriazoles; Polyoxydiazoles C08G0033060000 Polyamines C08G0033080000 derived from alkyleneimines C08G0033100000 from phenols with substances not containing nitrogen (C08G0033160000 takes precedence);; C08G0033120000 with acetylene C08G0033140000 with sulphur or sulphur halides C08G0033160000 containing phosphorus as a structural element in the skeleton of the molecule (C08G0033180000 takes precedence);; C08G0033180000 containing boron as a structural element in the skeleton of the molecule C08G0033200000 Metal-containing polymers C08G0035000000 General processes or apparatus for preparing polycondensation or polyaddition products C08G0037000000 Compositions based essentially on polycondensates C08G0037020000 based on polycondensates from aldehydes and/or ketones C08G0037040000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0037060000 based on phenol-aldehyde condensates C08G0037080000 on phenol-formaldehyde condensates C08G0037100000 from phenols with only two free reactive positions C08G0037120000 from polyhydric phenols C08G0037140000 on modified phenol-aldehyde condensates C08G0037160000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0037180000 phenol-formaldehyde condensates mixed with other macromolecules C08G0037200000 mixed with polymers or copolymers C08G0037220000 based on polycondensates from aldehydes and compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen C08G0037240000 on aldehyde-amine polycondensates C08G0037260000 on polycondensates covered by group ; C08G0009080000 C08G0037280000 on urea- or thiourea-aldehyde condensates C08G0037300000 on melamine-aldehyde condensates C08G0037320000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0037340000 on mixtures of aminoplasts with polyesters C08G0037360000 based on polycondensates from aldehydes or ketones with other substances C08G0037380000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0039000000 Compositions based essentially on polyester condensates C08G0039020000 on polycondensates covered by group ; C08G0017040000 C08G0039040000 on polycondensates covered by group ; C08G0017080000 C08G0039060000 on polycondensates covered by group ; C08G0017100000 C08G0039080000 on polycondensates covered by group ; C08G0017140000 C08G0039100000 mixes with other macromolecules (C08G0037340000 takes precedence);; C08G0041000000 Compositions based essentially on polyamides, polyesteramides, polyureas, or polyurethanes C08G0041020000 on polyamides C08G0041040000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0043000000 Compositions based essentially on polyethers or polythioethers (including polysulphides) C08G0043020000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0045000000 Compositions based essentially on polycondensates covered by ; C08G0030000000 C08G0045020000 Mixtures with other macromolecules C08G0045040000 with polymers or copolymers C08G0045060000 with other polycondensates C08G0045080000 with phenol-aldehyde condensates C08G0045100000 with aminoplast C08G0045120000 with polyamides, polyureas or polyurethanes C08G0045140000 with polyesters C08G0045160000 with polysiloxanes C08G0047000000 Compositions based essentially on silicon-containing polycondensates C08G0047020000 on polysiloxanes C08G0047040000 on polysiloxane "resins" C08G0047060000 on polysiloxane "rubbers" C08G0047080000 on polysilicates C08G0047100000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0049000000 Compositions based essentially on other polycondensates or polyaddition products C08G0049020000 on polyadducts by the diene synthesis C08G0049040000 mixed with other macromolecules C08G0051000000 Other compounding ingredients C08G0051020000 Inert fillers or pigments C08G0051040000 inorganic C08G0051060000 Clay C08G0051080000 Carbon, e.g. carbon black, charcoal, coke, graphite C08G0051100000 fibrous C08G0051120000 Abrasive fillers C08G0051140000 organic C08G0051160000 fibrous C08G0051180000 cellulose, e.g. wood-flour C08G0051200000 Cork C08G0051220000 Plasticisers; Solvents; Swelling agents C08G0051240000 Inorganic compounds C08G0051260000 Organic compounds C08G0051280000 Hydrocarbons C08G0051300000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C08G0051320000 containing oxygen with or without halogen C08G0051340000 Hydroxyl compounds; Metal compounds thereof; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals C08G0051360000 Carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof C08G0051380000 Esters prepared from acyclic polycarboxylic acids C08G0051400000 Esters prepared from cyclic carboxylic acids or cyclic alcohols C08G0051420000 Ether-esters C08G0051440000 containing nitrogen, or nitrogen and oxygen, with or without halogen C08G0051460000 containing sulphur, or sulphur and oxygen, with or without halogen C08G0051480000 containing sulphur and nitrogen, with or without oxygen and/or halogen C08G0051500000 containing phosphorus, silicon, or boron C08G0051520000 Mineral oil products or conversion products thereof, e.g. paraffin wax, asphalt, bitumen, pitch C08G0051540000 Stabilisers C08G0051560000 Inorganic C08G0051580000 Organic C08G0051600000 containing nitrogen C08G0051620000 Organo-metallic compounds C08G0051640000 Pesticides, e.g. bactericides, fungicides C08G0051660000 Dyes; Lakes C08G0051670000 Optical brightening agents C08G0051680000 Polymerisable monomers C08G0051700000 Styrenes C08G0051720000 Drying oils; Drying oil acids or esters thereof C08G0051740000 Hardening agents C08G0051760000 Isocyanates C08G0051780000 Acids C08G0051800000 Organic acids C08G0051820000 Ammonium salts C08G0051840000 Amines; Amides C08G0051860000 Friedel-Crafts catalysts C08G0053000000 Methods of treating polycondensates or polyadditon products or compositions containing them to produce articles or materials (chemical part) C08G0053020000 Powdering or granulating C08G0053030000 by dissolving and precipitating C08G0053040000 Colouring (dyeing solids D06P);; C08G0053060000 Colouring particles for making pigments C08G0053080000 Working-up to porous or cellular articles or masses (making cellular polyurethanes C08G0022440000);; C08G0053100000 by adding blowing agents C08G0053140000 Chemical features in the manufacture of articles or of materials in sheet form (in manufacture of laminates C08J);; C08G0053160000 in making film or sheets C08G0053180000 Dispersing polycondensates or polyaddition products C08G0053200000 Treatment of formed articles or material C08G0053220000 Recovery of waste materials C08H MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON C08H0001000000 Macromolecular products derived from proteins (food proteins A23;glue, gelatine C09) C08H0001020000 Protein-aldehyde condensates C08H0001040000 Casein-aldehyde condensates C08H0001060000 derived from horn, hoofs, hair, skin, or leather C08H0003000000 Vulcanised oils, e.g. factice C08H0005000000 Other macromolecular compounds (natural resins and their derivatives C09;bituminous materials C10) C08H0005020000 derived from lignin C08H0005040000 derived from lignocellulosic materials C08H0007000000 Compositions based essentially on products derived from proteins C08H0007020000 on casein-aldehyde condensates C08H0007040000 on products derived from waste materials, e.g. horn, hoofs, or hair C08H0007060000 derived from leather or skin C08H0007080000 containing large proportions of leather fibre C08H0009000000 Compositions based essentially on oils, fats, or waxes or products derived therefrom (polishing compositions, ski waxes C09G;soap compositions C11D) C08H0009020000 on vulcanised oils, e.g. factice C08H0009040000 on linoxyn C08H0009060000 on waxes C08H0009080000 on mineral wax C08H0009100000 with other macromolecules C08H0011000000 Compositions based essentially on natural resins or derivatives thereof (polishing compositions C09G);; C08H0011020000 on shellac (French polish C09F);; C08H0011040000 on rosin C08H0011060000 with other macromolecules C08H0013000000 Compositions based essentially on carbonaceous substances such as bitumens, tars, asphalts, pitches C08H0013020000 with other macromolecules C08H0013040000 with polysaccharides or derivatives thereof C08H0013060000 with natural or synthetic rubber or derivatives C08H0013080000 with polymers or copolymers C08H0013100000 with polycondensates or polyaddition products C08H0013120000 with products derived from proteins C08H0015000000 Other compositions (selection of substances for impregnating wood an similar materials B27K0003160000-B27K0003520000); C08H0015020000 based essentially on ligno-cellulosic material C08H0015040000 containing large proportions of fibrous fillers (sound or thermal insulating materials C04B);; C08H0015060000 Artificial wood C08H0017000000 Other compounding ingredients C08H0017020000 Inert fillers or pigments C08H0017040000 Inorganic C08H0017060000 Clay C08H0017080000 Carbon, e.g. carbon black, charcoal, coke, graphite C08H0017100000 fibrous C08H0017120000 Abrasive fillers C08H0017140000 organic C08H0017160000 fibrous C08H0017180000 cellulosic, e.g. wood-flour C08H0017200000 Cork C08H0017220000 Plasticisers; Solvents; Swelling agents C08H0017240000 inorganic compounds C08H0017260000 Organic compounds C08H0017280000 Hydrocarbons C08H0017300000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C08H0017320000 containing oxygen with or without halogen C08H0017340000 Hydroxyl compounds; Metal compounds thereof; Ethers; Aldehydes; Ketones; Acetals; Ketals C08H0017360000 Carboxylic acids; Salts and esters thereof C08H0017380000 Esters prepared from acyclic polycarboxylic acids C08H0017400000 Esters prepared from cyclic carboxylic acids or cyclic alcohols C08H0017420000 Ether-esters C08H0017440000 containing nitrogen, or nitrogen and oxygen, with or without halogen C08H0017460000 containing sulphur, or sulphur and oxygen, with or without halogen C08H0017480000 containing sulphur and nitrogen with or without oxygen and/or halogen C08H0017500000 containing phosphorus, silicon, or boron C08H0017520000 Liquid hydrocarbon oil products C08H0017540000 Stabilisers C08H0017560000 Inorganic C08H0017580000 Organic C08H0017600000 Organo-metallic compounds C08H0017620000 Hardening agents C08H0017640000 Pesticides, e.g. bactericides, fungicides C08H0017660000 Dtyes; Lakes C08H0017680000 Hydraulic hardening compounds, e.g. cement, mortar, plaster C08H0019000000 Chemical features in the manufacture or treatment of articles or materials C08H0019020000 from proteins C08H0019040000 from lignocellulosic materials (impregnating B27K);; C08J GENERAL METHODS FOR PREPARING AND WORKING-UP C08J0001000000 Methods of treating macromolecular substances or compositions containing them, in general (non-mechanical part) (mechanical aspects of after-treatment B29C0025000000);; C08J0001020000 by energetic waves or by irradiation C08J0001040000 by X-rays or electrons C08J0001060000 Powdering or granulating C08J0001070000 by dissolving and precipitating C08J0001080000 Colouring (dyeing slilids D06P);; C08J0001100000 colouring particles of macromolecular substances for pigments C08J0001120000 Decolourising C08J0001140000 Working-up to porous or cellular articles of masses (making micro-capsules or micro-balloons B01J0013020000);; C08J0001160000 by treatment with inert gases C08J0001180000 by adding blowing agents C08J0001200000 producing nitrogen C08J0001220000 producing carbon dioxide C08J0001240000 producing hydrogen C08J0001260000 by adding volatile organic liquids C08J0001280000 by dissolving solid particles C08J0001300000 After-treatment C08J0001320000 Chemical features in the manufacture of articles or materials C08J0001340000 in the manufacture of films, membranes, or diaphragms from ion-exchange resins C08J0001360000 in the manufacture of layered products wherein all the layers consist of substances covered by ; C08, adhesives being ignoredThe products themselves C08J0001380000 from films of regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives C08J0001390000 from layers of natural or synthetic rubber C08J0001400000 from films of polymerisation products C08J0001420000 from films of polycondensation or polyaddition products C08J0001440000 from layers of other substances covered by ; C08 C08J0001460000 Dispersing C08J0001480000 with the aid of dispersing agents C08J0001500000 Treatment of formed articles or materials C08J0001520000 Recovery of solvents or plasticisers C08K ADDITIVES FOR GENERAL USE C08K0001000000 The use of specific materials as additives to compositions, based on macromolecular compounds in general (organic dyestuff pigments C09B;inorganic pigments and/or fillers C09C) C08K0001020000 inorganic C08K0001040000 oxides; hydroxides C08K0001060000 metal oxides C08K0001080000 silica and its hydrates C08K0001100000 silicates C08K0001120000 clay C08K0001140000 fibrous material, e.g. asbestos C08K0001160000 carbon, e.g. carbon black, charcoal, coke, graphite C08K0001180000 abrasive fillers C08K0001200000 organic C08K0001220000 hydrocarbons C08K0001240000 halogenated hydrocarbons C08K0001260000 containing oxygen with or without halogen C08K0001280000 hydroxyl compounds; metal compounds thereof C08K0001300000 containing phenolic hydroxyl groups C08K0001320000 ethers; acetals; aldehydes; ketones; ketals C08K0001340000 carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof; anhydrides C08K0001360000 esters; ether esters C08K0001380000 from acyclic polycarboxylic acids C08K0001400000 containing nitrogen, or nitrogen and oxygen, with or without halogen C08K0001420000 Nitro compounds C08K0001440000 amines; imides; amides C08K0001460000 with aromatically-bound amino groups C08K0001480000 urea; derivatives thereof C08K0001500000 guanidine; derivatives thereof C08K0001520000 heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen with or without oxygen as hetero atoms C08K0001540000 containing sulphur or selenium with or without nitrogen, oxygen and halogen C08K0001560000 heterocyclic compounds containing sulphur eith or without nitrogen or oxygen as hetero atoms C08K0001580000 organo-metallic compounds C08K0001600000 phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, silicon, or boron compounds C08K0001620000 hydrocarbon oil products, e.g. asphalt, bitumen, pitch, coal-tar; conversion products thereof C08K0001640000 waxes, e.g. paraffin waxes; natural waxes C08K0001660000 vegetable and animal oils and fats C08K0001680000 fibrous material C08K0001700000 cellulosic, e.g. wood-flour C08K0001720000 cork C08K0001740000 dyes; lakes C08K0001750000 Optical brightening agents C08K0001760000 ingredients with pesticidal effects C08K0001780000 synthetic macromolecular compounds, in particulate or fibrous form C08K0001800000 as fibres C08K0001820000 hardening agents, e.g. isocyanates C08K0001840000 pretreated compounding ingredients C09 DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS; MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS C09B ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES; MORDANTS; LAKES C09B0001000000 Dyes with an anthracene nucleus not condensed with any other ring C09B0001020000 Hydroxy-anthraquinones; Ethers and esters thereof C09B0001040000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0001060000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the anthracene nucleus C09B0001080000 Dyes containing only OH groups C09B0001100000 Dyes containing halogen C09B0001120000 Dyes containing sulphonic acid groups C09B0001140000 Dyes containing ether groups C09B0001160000 Amino-anthraquinones C09B0001180000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0001200000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the anthracene nucleus C09B0001220000 Dyes with unsubstituted amino groups C09B0001240000 sulphonated C09B0001260000 Dyes with amino groups substituted by hydrocarbon radicals C09B0001280000 substituted by alkyl, aralkyl, or cyclo-alkyl groups C09B0001300000 sulphonated C09B0001320000 substituted by aryl groups (anthrimides C09B0001480000);; C09B0001340000 sulphonated C09B0001360000 Dyes with acylated amino groups C09B0001380000 urea and thiourea derivatives C09B0001400000 the acyl groups being residues of an aliphatic or araliphatic carboxylic acid C09B0001420000 the acyl groups being residues of an aromatic carboxylic acid C09B0001440000 the acyl groups being residues of a heterocyclic carboxylic acid C09B0001460000 the acyl groups being residues of cyanuric acid or an analogous heterocyclic compound C09B0001480000 Anthrimides C09B0001500000 Amino-hydroxy-anthraquinones; Ethers and esters thereof C09B0001520000 sulphonated C09B0001540000 etherified C09B0001560000 Mercapto-anthraquinones C09B0003000000 Dyes with anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more carbocyclic rings C09B0003020000 Benzathrones C09B0003040000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003060000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the benzanthrone nucleus C09B0003080000 by halogenation C09B0003100000 Amino derivatives C09B0003120000 Dibenzanthronyls C09B0003140000 Perylene derivatives C09B0003160000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003180000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the perylene nucleus C09B0003200000 by halogenation C09B0003220000 Dibenzanthrones; Isodibenzanthrones C09B0003240000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003260000 from dibenzanthronyls C09B0003280000 from perylene derivatives C09B0003300000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the dibenzanthrone or isodibenzanthrone nucleus C09B0003320000 by halogenation C09B0003340000 by oxidation C09B0003360000 by etherification of hydroxy compounds C09B0003380000 by introduction of hydrocarbon or acyl residues into amino groups C09B0003400000 Pyranthrones C09B0003420000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003440000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the pyranthrone nucleus C09B0003460000 by halogenation C09B0003480000 Amino derivatives C09B0003500000 Dibenzopyrenequinones C09B0003520000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003540000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the dibenzopyrenequinone nucleus C09B0003560000 Amino derivatives C09B0003580000 Benzanthraquinones C09B0003600000 Anthanthrones C09B0003620000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003640000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the anthanthrone nucleus C09B0003660000 by halogenation C09B0003680000 Amino derivatives C09B0003700000 Benzo-, naphtho-, and anthra-dianthrones C09B0003720000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003740000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the benzo-, naphtho-, or anthra-dianthrone nucleus C09B0003760000 by halogenation C09B0003780000 Other dyes in which the anthracene nucleus is condensed with one or more carbocyclic rings C09B0003800000 Preparation by synthesis of the nucleus C09B0003820000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the condensed anthracene nucleus C09B0005000000 Dyes with an anthracene nucleus condensed with one or more heterocyclic rings with or without carbocyclic rings C09B0005020000 the heterocyclic ring being condensed in peri position C09B0005040000 Pyrazolanthrones C09B0005060000 Benzanthronyl-pyrazolanthrone condensation products C09B0005080000 Dipyrazolanthrones C09B0005100000 Isothiazolanthrones; Isoxazolanthrones; Isoselenazolanthrones C09B0005120000 Thiophenanthrones C09B0005140000 Benz-azabenzanthrones (anthrapyridones) C09B0005160000 Benz-diazabenzanthrones, e.g. anthrapyrimidones C09B0005180000 Coeroxene; Coerthiene; Coeramidene; Derivatives thereof C09B0005200000 Flavanthrones C09B0005220000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the flavanthrone nucleus C09B0005240000 the heterocyclic ring(s) being condensed with an anthraquinone nucleus in 1-2 and/or 2-3 position C09B0005260000 Carbazoles of the anthracene series C09B0005280000 Anthrimide carbazoles C09B0005300000 1.2 azoles of the anthracene series C09B0005320000 1.3 azoles of the anthracene series C09B0005340000 Anthraquinone acridones and thioxanthones C09B0005360000 Amino acridones C09B0005380000 Compounds containing acridone and carbazole rings C09B0005400000 Condensation products of benzanthronyl-amino-anthraquinones C09B0005420000 Pyridino anthraquinones C09B0005440000 Azines of the anthracene series C09B0005460000 Para-diazines C09B0005480000 Bis-anthraquinonediazines (indanthrone) C09B0005500000 Preparation by alkaline melting of 2-amino-anthraquinones C09B0005520000 Preparation by condensation of 1.2-halogeno-amino-anthraquinones C09B0005540000 Preparation from 2-amino-anthrahydroquinones C09B0005560000 Preparation from starting materials already containing the indanthrene nucleus C09B0005580000 by halogenation C09B0005600000 Thiazines; Oxazines C09B0005620000 Cyclic imides and amidines of peri-dicarboxylic acids of the anthracene, benzanthrene, and perylene series C09B0007000000 Indigoid dyes C09B0007020000 Bis-indole indigos C09B0007040000 Halogenation thereof C09B0007060000 Indone-thionaphthene indigos C09B0007080000 Other indole-indigos C09B0007100000 Bis-thionaphthene indigos C09B0007120000 Other thionaphthene indigos C09B0009000000 Esters and ester-salts of leuco compounds of vat dyestuffs C09B0009020000 of anthracene dyes C09B0009040000 of indigoid dyes C09B0011000000 Diaryl- and triarylmethane dyes C09B0011020000 derived from diarylmethanes C09B0011040000 derived from triarylmethanes C09B0011060000 Hydroxy derivatives of triarylmethanes in which at least one OH group is bound to an aryl nucleus C09B0011080000 Phthaleins C09B0011100000 Amino derivatives of triarylmethanes C09B0011120000 without any OH group bound to an aryl nucleus C09B0011140000 Preparation from aromatic aldehydes, aromatic carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof, and aromatic amines C09B0011160000 Preparation from diarylketones or diarylcarbinols C09B0011180000 Preparation by oxidation C09B0011200000 Preparation from other triarylmethane derivatives C09B0011220000 containing OH groups bound to an aryl nucleus C09B0011240000 Phthaleins containing amino groups C09B0011260000 Triarylmethane dyes in which at least one of the aromatic nuclei is heterocyclic C09B0011280000 Pyronines C09B0013000000 Oxyketone dyes C09B0013020000 of the naphthalene series (e.g. naphthazarin) C09B0013040000 of the pyrene series C09B0013060000 of the acetophenone series C09B0015000000 Acridine dyes C09B0017000000 Azine dyes C09B0017020000 of the benzene series C09B0017040000 of the naphthalene series C09B0017060000 Fluorindine and its derivatives C09B0019000000 Oxazine dyes C09B0019020000 Bisoxazines prepared from aminoquinones C09B0021000000 Thiazine dyes C09B0023000000 Methine or polymethine dyes (cyanines, etc.) C09B0023020000 the polymethine chain containing an odd number of CH groups C09B0023040000 one CH group (cyanines, isocyanines, pseudocyanines) C09B0023060000 three CH groups (carbocyanines) C09B0023080000 more than three CH groups (polycarbocyanines) C09B0023100000 the polymethine chain containing an even number of CH groups; Merocyanines C09B0023120000 the polymethine chain being branched C09B0023140000 Styryl dyes C09B0023160000 the polymethine chain containing hetero atoms C09B0025000000 Quinophthalones C09B0027000000 Preparations in which the azo group is formed in any way other than by diazotising and coupling C09B0027020000 Stilbene dyes C09B0027040000 Hydrazone dyes; Tartrazines C09B0029000000 Monoazo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0029020000 from diazotised o-amino-hydroxy compounds C09B0029040000 from diazotised o-amino-carboxylic acids C09B0029060000 from coupling components containing amino as the only directing group C09B0029080000 amino-benzenes C09B0029100000 from coupling components containing hydroxyl as the only directing group C09B0029120000 of the benzene series C09B0029140000 Hydroxy-carboxylic acids C09B0029160000 hydroxy-naphthlene sulphonic acids C09B0029180000 ortho-hydroxy carbonamides C09B0029200000 of the naphthalene series C09B0029220000 of heterocyclic compounds C09B0029240000 from coupling components containing both hydroxyl and amino directing groups C09B0029260000 Amino-phenols C09B0029280000 Amino-naphthols C09B0029300000 Amino-naphtholsulphonic acid C09B0029320000 from coupling components containing a reactive methylene group C09B0029340000 from other coupling components C09B0029360000 from heterocyclic compounds C09B0029380000 pyrazolones C09B0031000000 Disazo and polyazo dyes of the type A; BC, ABCD, etc., prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0031020000 Disazo dyes C09B0031040000 from a coupling component "C" containing a directive amino group C09B0031060000 from a coupling component "C" containing a directive hydroxyl group C09B0031080000 from a coupling component "C" containing directive hydroxyl and amino groups C09B0031100000 from a coupling component "C" containing reactive methylene groups C09B0031120000 from other coupling components "C" C09B0031140000 heterocyclic components C09B0031160000 Trisazo dyes C09B0031180000 from a coupling component "D" containing a directive amino group C09B0031200000 from a coupling component "D" containing a directive hydroxyl group C09B0031220000 from a coupling component "D" containing directive hydroxyl and amino groups C09B0031240000 from a coupling component "D" containing reactive methylene groups C09B0031260000 from other coupling components "D" C09B0031280000 heterocyclic compounds C09B0031300000 Other polyazo dyes C09B0033000000 Disazo and polyazo dyes of the types A; KB, ABKC, etc., prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0033020000 Disazo dyes C09B0033040000 in which the coupling component is a dihydroxy or polyhydroxy compound C09B0033060000 in which the coupling component is a diamine or polyamine C09B0033080000 in which the coupling component is a hydroxy-amino compound C09B0033100000 in which the coupling component is an amino-naphthol C09B0033120000 in which the coupling component is a heterocyclic compound C09B0033140000 in which the coupling component is an arylamide of an o-hydroxycarboxylic acid or of a ; -keto-carboxylic acid C09B0033160000 from other coupling components C09B0033180000 Trisazo or higher polyazo dyes of the types A; BKC,ABCKD and ABKCD C09B0033200000 Trisazo and higher polyazo dyes of the types C09B0035000000 Disazo and polyazo dyes of the type A; DB prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0035020000 Disazo dyes C09B0035040000 the tetrazo component being a benzene derivative C09B0035060000 the tetrazo component being a naphthalene derivative C09B0035080000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of biphenyl C09B0035100000 from two coupling components of the same type C09B0035120000 from amines C09B0035140000 from hydroxy compounds C09B0035160000 from hydroxy-amines C09B0035180000 from heterocyclic compounds C09B0035200000 from two coupling compounds of different types C09B0035220000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl ether C09B0035240000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl amine C09B0035260000 the tetrazo component being a derivative of a diaryl urea C09B0035280000 the tetrazo component containing two aryl nuclei linked together by a COHN group C09B0035300000 from two identical coupling components C09B0035320000 from two different coupling components C09B0035340000 the tetrazo component being heterocyclic C09B0035360000 Trisazo and higher polyazo dyes of the type C09B0035380000 Trisazo dyes ot the types C09B0035400000 the component K being a dihydroxy or polyhydroxy compound C09B0035420000 the component K being a diamine or polyamine C09B0035440000 the component K being a hydroxy-amine C09B0035460000 the component K being an amino-naphthol C09B0035480000 the component K being heterocyclic C09B0035500000 Higher polyazo dyes of the type or C09B0037000000 Azo dyes prepared by coupling the diazotised amine with itself C09B0039000000 Other azo dyes prepared by diazotising and coupling C09B0041000000 Special methods of performing the coupling reaction C09B0043000000 Preparation of azo dyes from other azo compounds C09B0043020000 by sulphonation C09B0043040000 by nitration C09B0043060000 by oxidation C09B0043080000 by reduction C09B0043100000 with formation of a new azo or an azoxy bridge C09B0043120000 by acylation of amino groups C09B0043140000 with phosgene or thiophosgene C09B0043160000 linking amino-azo compounds with other amino compounds by a heterocyclic residue, e.g. a cyanuric acid residue C09B0043180000 by acylation of hydroxyl groups C09B0045000000 Complex metal compounds of azo dyes C09B0045020000 Preparation from o.o1-dihydroxy, o-hydroxy-o1-alkoxy or o-hydroxy o1-carboxy azo compounds C09B0045040000 Azo compounds in general C09B0045060000 Chromium compounds C09B0045080000 Copper compounds C09B0045100000 Cobalt compounds C09B0045120000 other metal compounds C09B0045140000 Monoazo compounds C09B0045160000 containing chromium C09B0045180000 containing copper C09B0045200000 containing cobalt C09B0045220000 containing other metals C09B0045240000 Disazo and polyazo compounds C09B0045260000 containing chromium C09B0045280000 containing copper C09B0045300000 containing cobalt C09B0045320000 containing other metals C09B0045340000 Preparation from o-monohydroxy azo compounds having in the o1-position an atom or group other than OH, OR or COOH C09B0045360000 by oxidation of hydrogen in o1 position C09B0045380000 Preparation from compounds with OH and COOH adjacent in the same ring or in peri position C09B0045400000 Chromium compounds C09B0045420000 Copper compounds C09B0045440000 Cobalt compounds C09B0045460000 Other metal compounds C09B0045480000 Preparation from other complex metal compounds of azo dyes C09B0047000000 Porphyrins; Phorphyrazines C09B0047020000 Tetrazaporphyrins C09B0047040000 Phthalocyanines C09B0047060000 Preparation from carboxylic acids or their amides C09B0047080000 Preparation from other phthalocyanine compounds C09B0047100000 by halogenation C09B0048000000 Quinacridones C09B0049000000 Sulphur dyes C09B0049020000 from nitro compounds of the benzene, naphthalene and anthracene series C09B0049040000 from amino compounds of the benzene, naphthalene and anthracene series C09B0049060000 from azines, oxazines, thiazines, and thiazoles C09B0049080000 from urea derivatives C09B0049100000 from diphenylamines, indamines, and indophenols C09B0049120000 from other compounds C09B0051000000 Nitro and nitroso dyes C09B0053000000 Quinone imides C09B0053020000 Indamines; Indophenols C09B0055000000 Azomethine dyes C09B0057000000 Other synthetic dyes of known constitution C09B0059000000 Artificial dyes of unknown constitution C09B0061000000 Dyes of natural origin prepared from natural sources C09B0062000000 Reactive dyes, i.e. dyes which form covalent bonds with the substrate C09B0062020000 with the reactive group directly attached to a heterocyclic ring C09B0062040000 to a triazine ring C09B0062060000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062080000 Azo dyes C09B0062100000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062120000 to a pyridazine ring C09B0062140000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062160000 Azo dyes C09B0062180000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062200000 to a pyrimidine ring C09B0062220000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062240000 Azo dyes C09B0062260000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062280000 to a pyrazine ring C09B0062300000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062320000 Azo dyes C09B0062340000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062360000 to some other heterocyclic ring C09B0062380000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062400000 Azo dyes C09B0062420000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062440000 with the reactive group not directly attached to a heterocyclic ring C09B0062460000 the reactive group being a halogen atom C09B0062480000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062500000 Azo dyes C09B0062520000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062540000 the reactive group being an epoxy group C09B0062560000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062580000 Azo dyes C09B0062600000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062620000 the reactive group being an ethylenimino or ethylenimido group C09B0062640000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062660000 Azo dyes C09B0062680000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0062700000 the reactive group being a C==C group, or an esterified or non-esterified hydroxyalkyl group (C09B0062460000 takes precedence);; C09B0062720000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062740000 Azo dyes C09B0062760000 Porphyrins; Porhyrazins C09B0062780000 with other reactive groups C09B0062800000 Anthracene dyes C09B0062820000 Azo dyes C09B0062840000 Porphyrins; Porphyrazins C09B0063000000 Lakes C09B0065000000 Compositions containing mordants (preparation of the mordant compound C01, C07);; C09B0067000000 Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing, properties of dyestuffs without chemical reaction, e.g. by treating with solvents; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films C09C PREPARATION OF INORGANIC PIGMENTS OR NON-FIBROUS FILLERS: TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES C09C0001000000 Preparation of treatment of specific inorganic pigments or non-fibrous fillers (unmixed definite chemical substances, other than those pigments or fillers which are basic salts or which are compounds containing a metal in both anion and cation C01;luminescent or tenebrescent materials C09K) C09C0001020000 compounds of alkaline earth metals or magnesium C09C0001040000 compounds of zinc C09C0001060000 lithopone C09C0001080000 zinc chromate C09C0001100000 compounds of cadmium C09C0001120000 cadmium sulphoselenide C09C0001140000 compounds of lead C09C0001160000 white lead C09C0001180000 red lead C09C0001200000 lead chromate C09C0001220000 compounds of iron C09C0001240000 oxides of iron C09C0001260000 iron blues C09C0001280000 compounds of silicon C09C0001300000 silicic acid C09C0001320000 ultramarine C09C0001340000 compounds of chromium C09C0001360000 compounds of titanium C09C0001380000 compounds of mercury C09C0001400000 compounds of aluminium C09C0001420000 clays (preparatory treatment for clay wares C04B0033040000);; C09C0001440000 pigments or fillers of the carbon type C09C0001460000 graphite (preparation of graphite C01B0031040000);; C09C0001480000 carbon black C09C0001500000 furnace black C09C0001520000 channel black C09C0001540000 acetylene black; thermal black C09C0001560000 Treatment of carbon black C09C0001580000 Agglomerating, pelleting, and the like by wet methods C09C0001600000 Agglomerating, pelleting, and the like by dry methods C09C0001620000 metallic pigments or fillers (obtaining metal powder, see the relevant class for the method used, e.g. B22D0023080000, B22F0009000000, C21B0015020000, C22B0005200000, C22D0005000000);; C09C0001640000 aluminium C09C0001660000 copper alloys, e.g. bronze C09C0001680000 loose abrasive particles C09C0003000000 Treatment in general of inorganic pigments or of non-fibrous fillers to enhance their pigmenting or filling properties (dyeing macromolecular particles D06P;other methods of colouring macromolecular particles C08) C09C0003020000 Improving the dispersing properties C09D INKS; PAINTS; VARNISHES; LACQUERS; CHEMICAL PAINT REMOVERS; PASTES AND SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING (cosmetics A61K;painting, decorating B44; textile-treating compositions D06) C09D0001000000 Paints, varnishes, or lacquers essentially based on inorganic film-forming substances (C04B takes precedence);; C09D0001020000 alkali metal silicates C09D0001040000 with organic additives C09D0001060000 cement C09D0001080000 with organic additives C09D0001100000 lime C09D0001120000 with organic additives C09D0003000000 Paints, varnishes, or lacquers essentially based on organic film-forming substances C09D0003020000 proteins C09D0003040000 gelatine or derivatives C09D0003060000 casein or derivatives C09D0003080000 prolamine or derivatives C09D0003100000 polysaccharides C09D0003120000 cellulose derivatives C09D0003140000 cellulose esters C09D0003160000 nitrocellulose C09D0003180000 cellulose ethers C09D0003200000 starch or derivatives C09D0003220000 dextran or derivatives C09D0003240000 liquid bituminous materials C09D0003260000 drying-oils C09D0003280000 natural or modified oils C09D0003300000 linseed oil C09D0003320000 stand oils C09D0003340000 oils with conjugated double bonds C09D0003360000 rubber or derivatives C09D0003380000 chlorinated rubber C09D0003400000 natural resins or derivatives C09D0003420000 with fatty material C09D0003440000 with wax material C09D0003460000 with bituminous material C09D0003480000 essentially based on wholly synthetic film-forming substances C09D0003500000 aminoplasts C09D0003520000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003540000 phenoplasts C09D0003560000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003580000 epoxy resins C09D0003600000 hydrocarbon resins C09D0003620000 ketone resins C09D0003640000 polyesters, e.g. alkyd resins C09D0003660000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003680000 unsaturated polyesters C09D0003700000 polyamides C09D0003720000 polyurethanes C09D0003740000 vinyl resins C09D0003760000 in combination with other plastics C09D0003780000 fluorine-containing C09D0003800000 polyacrylates C09D0003820000 resins containing silicon in their structure C09D0003840000 resins containing titanium in their structure C09D0005000000 Paints, varnishes, or lacquers classified according to their physical nature or to the effects produced C09D0005020000 Emulsion paints C09D0005040000 Thixotropic paints C09D0005060000 Artists' paints C09D0005080000 Anti-corrosive paints C09D0005100000 containing metal dust C09D0005120000 Wash primers C09D0005140000 Paints containing fungicides or insecticides; Anti-fouling paints; Ship's bottom paints C09D0005160000 Ship's bottom paints C09D0005180000 Fireproof paints C09D0005200000 for coatings strippable as coherent films C09D0005220000 Luminous paints C09D0005240000 Electrically-conducting paints C09D0005260000 Thermosensitive paints C09D0005280000 for wrinkle, crackle, orange-peel, or similar decorative effects C09D0005300000 Camouflage paints C09D0005320000 Radiation-absorbing paints C09D0005340000 Filling pastes, e.g. putties C09D0005360000 Pearl essence C09D0007000000 Other features (driers C09F0009000000);; C09D0007020000 Use of compounds as anti-settling agents C09D0007040000 Use of compounds as anti-skinning agents C09D0007060000 Use of compounds as levelling agents C09D0007080000 Pigment pastes C09D0007100000 Wood stains C09D0007120000 Other additives C09D0007140000 Special processes for incorporating ingredients C09D0009000000 Chemical paint or ink remover C09D0009020000 with abrasives C09D0009040000 with surface-active agents C09D0011000000 Inks C09D0011020000 Printing inks C09D0011040000 based on proteins C09D0011060000 based on fatty oils C09D0011080000 based on natural resins C09D0011100000 based on artificial resins C09D0011120000 based on waxes or bitumen C09D0011140000 based on carbohydrates C09D0011160000 Writing inks C09D0011180000 for use in ball-point writing instruments C09D0011200000 indelible C09D0013000000 Pencil-leads; Crayons C09F NATURAL RESINS; FRENCH POLISH; DRYING-OILS; DRIERS (SICCATIVES); TURPENTINE C09F0001000000 Obtaining, purification, or chemical modification of natural resins, e.g. oleo-resins C09F0001020000 Purification C09F0001040000 Chemical modification, e.g. esterification (resin soaps C11D);; C09F0003000000 Obtaining spirits of turpentine C09F0003020000 as a by-product in the paper-pulping process C09F0005000000 Obtaining drying-oils (preparation of synthetic oils by polymerisation or copolymerisation C08F, by polycondensation C08G);; C09F0005020000 from natural sources C09F0005040000 from cashew nuts C09F0005060000 by dehydration of hydroxylated fatty acids or oils C09F0005080000 by esterification of fatty acids C09F0005100000 Refining C09F0005120000 by distillation C09F0007000000 Chemical modification of drying-oils (modifying by copolymerisation C08F;by polycondensation C08G; factice C08H) C09F0007020000 by oxidising C09F0007040000 by voltolising C09F0007060000 by polymerisation C09F0007080000 by isomerisation C09F0007100000 by re-esterification C09F0007120000 Apparatus therefor C09F0009000000 Compounds to be used as driers (siccatives) C09F0011000000 Preparation of French polish C09G POLISHING COMPOSITIONS OTHER THAN FRENCH POLISH; SKI WAXES C09G0001000000 Polishing compositions (French polish C09F0011000000;detergents C11D) C09G0001020000 containing abrasives or grinding agents C09G0001040000 Aqueous dispersions (C09G0001020000 takes precedence);; C09G0001060000 Other polishing compositions C09G0001080000 based on wax C09G0001100000 based on mixtures of wax and natural or synthetic resin C09G0001120000 mixtures of wax and silicon-containing polycondensates C09G0001140000 based on non-waxy substances C09G0001160000 on natural or synthetic resins (C08G0047000000 takes precedence);; C09G0001180000 on other substances C09G0003000000 Ski waxes C09H PREPARATION OF GLUE OR GELATINE C09H0001000000 Pretreatment of collagen-containing raw materials for the manufacture of glue C09H0001020000 of bones (defatting bones C11B);; C09H0001040000 of hides, hoofs, or leather scrap (recovery of tanning agents C14C);; C09H0003000000 Isolation of glue or gelatine from raw materials, e.g. by extracting, by heating (gelatine for foodstuffs A23J0001100000);; C09H0003020000 Purification of solutions of gelatine C09H0005000000 Stabilisation of solutions of glue or gelatine C09H0007000000 Preparation of water-insoluble gelatine C09H0009000000 Drying of glue or gelatine C09H0009020000 in the form of foils C09H0009040000 in the form of granules, e.g. beads C09H0011000000 Adhesives based on glue or gelatine C09J THE USE OF MATERIALS OTHER THAN GLUE AS ADHESIVES; ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL (NON-MECHANICAL PART) C09J0001000000 Adhesives, with inorganic adhesive constituents C09J0001020000 with water-soluble alkali silicates C09J0003000000 Adhesives, other than glue, with organic adhesive constituents C09J0003020000 with polysaccharides or their derivatives, e.g. mucilages C09J0003040000 cellulose derivatives C09J0003060000 starch; dextrine C09J0003080000 gum arabic C09J0003100000 alginates C09J0003120000 with latex or natural or synthetic rubber C09J0003140000 with macromolecular polymerisation products C09J0003160000 with macromolecular polycondensates C09J0003180000 with proteins (glue C09H);; C09J0003200000 animal proteins C09J0003220000 keratin C09J0003240000 casein, blood or blood albumen C09J0003260000 with natural gums, waxes, or resins (gum arabic C09J0003080000);; C09J0003280000 with lignin C09J0003300000 with bitumen, tar, asphalt C09J0005000000 Adhesive processes in general; Adhesive processes not provided for elsewhere (devices for applying glue to surfaces to be joined B05, B27G0011000000);; C09J0005020000 involving pretreatment of the surfaces to be joined C09J0005040000 separate application of adhesive ingredients to the different surfaces to be joined C09J0005060000 involving heating of the applied adhesive C09J0005080000 Using foamed adhesives C09J0005100000 Joining materials by welding overlapping edges with an insertion of plastic material C09J0007000000 Adhesive materials in the form of films or foils C09J0007020000 on carriers C09J0007040000 on paper or textile fabric (adhesive plasters A61L0015060000);; C09K MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITIONS; MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS C09K0001000000 Luminescent and tenebrescent materials C09K0001020000 organic C09K0001040000 based on inorganic materials C09K0001060000 halides C09K0001080000 oxyhalides C09K0001100000 oxides C09K0001120000 sulphides C09K0001140000 oxysulphides C09K0001160000 selenides C09K0001180000 tellurides C09K0001200000 two or more of sulphides, selenides, tellurides in a mixture C09K0001220000 sulphates C09K0001240000 chromates C09K0001260000 molybdates C09K0001280000 tungstates C09K0001300000 uranates C09K0001320000 nitrides; nitrates C09K0001340000 phosphides C09K0001360000 phosphates C09K0001380000 arsenates C09K0001400000 antimonates C09K0001420000 bismuthates C09K0001440000 vanadates C09K0001460000 niobates C09K0001480000 tantalates C09K0001500000 carbides; carbonates C09K0001520000 silicides; germanides C09K0001540000 silicates; germanates C09K0001560000 stannates C09K0001580000 plumbates C09K0001600000 titanates C09K0001620000 zirconates C09K0001640000 borides C09K0001660000 borates C09K0001680000 aluminates C09K0003000000 Other compositions; The use of materials in processes not specifically provided for elsewhere (luminescent or tenebrescent materials C09K0001000000);; C09K0003020000 Materials for transfer of heat or for producing temperature differences other than by combustion C09K0003040000 the heat effect being accompanied by a change of physical state C09K0003060000 the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa C09K0003080000 the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa C09K0003100000 Materials for sealing or packing joints or covers C09K0003120000 Materials for stopping leaks in radiators C09K0003140000 Anti-slip compositions; Abrasive compositions C09K0003160000 Anti-static compositions C09K0003180000 Compositions for application to surface to minimise adherence of ice, mist or water thereto C09K0003200000 Substitutes for glycerine in its non-chemical uses, e.g. as a base in toilet creams or ointments C09K0003220000 Dust-laying or dust-absorbing compositions C09K0003240000 Compositions simulating ice or snow C09K0003280000 Fireproofing compositions C09K0003300000 Aerosol compositions C10 PETROLEUM, GAS AND COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT C10B DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, AND SIMILAR MATERIALS (cracking oils C10G);; C10B0001000000 Retorts C10B0001020000 Stationary retorts C10B0001040000 Vertical retorts C10B0001060000 Horizontal retorts C10B0001080000 Inclined retorts C10B0001100000 Rotary retorts C10B0003000000 Coke ovens with vertical chambers C10B0003020000 with heat-exchange devices C10B0005000000 Coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0005020000 with vertical heating flues C10B0005040000 with cross-over inter-connections C10B0005060000 with horizontal heating flues C10B0005080000 with horizontal and vertical heating flues C10B0005100000 with heat-exchange devices C10B0005120000 with regenerators C10B0005140000 situated in the longitudinal direction of the chambers C10B0005160000 with separated flues C10B0005180000 situated in the longitudinal direction of the oven battery C10B0005200000 with recuperators C10B0007000000 Coke ovens with mechanical conveying means for the raw material inside the oven C10B0007020000 with rotary scraping devices C10B0007040000 with shaking or vibrating devices C10B0007060000 with endless conveying devices C10B0007080000 in vertical direction C10B0007100000 with conveyer-screws C10B0007120000 with tilting or rocking means C10B0007140000 with trucks, containers, or trays C10B0009000000 Beehive ovens C10B0011000000 Coke ovens with inclined chambers C10B0013000000 Coke ovens with means for bringing and keeping the charge under mechanical pressure C10B0015000000 Other coke ovens C10B0015020000 with floor heating C10B0017000000 Preheating of coke ovens C10B0019000000 Heating of coke ovens by electrical means C10B0021000000 Heating of coke ovens with combustible gases C10B0021020000 with lean gas C10B0021040000 with rich gas C10B0021060000 in coke ovens suitable for the use of lean gas or rich gas C10B0021080000 by applying special heating gases C10B0021100000 Regulating and controlling the combustion C10B0021120000 Burners C10B0021140000 Devices for reversing the draught C10B0021160000 by controlling or varying the openings between the heating flues and the regenerator flues C10B0021180000 Recirculating the flue gases C10B0021200000 Methods of heating ovens of the chamber oven type C10B0021220000 by introducing the heating gas and air at various levels C10B0021240000 at the top and the bottom of the vertical heating flues C10B0021260000 by introducing the heating gas and air at the top of the vertical flues only C10B0023000000 Other methods of heating coke ovens C10B0025000000 Doors and closures for coke ovens C10B0025020000 Doors; Door frames C10B0025040000 for ovens with vertical chambers C10B0025060000 for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0025080000 Closing and opening the doors C10B0025100000 for ovens with vertical chambers C10B0025120000 for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0025140000 Devices for lifting doors C10B0025160000 Sealing; Means for sealing C10B0025180000 Cooling C10B0025200000 Lids and closures for charging holes C10B0025220000 for ovens with vertical chambers C10B0025240000 for ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0027000000 Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases C10B0027020000 with outlets arranged at different levels in the chamber C10B0027040000 during the charging operation of the oven C10B0027060000 Conduit details, e.g. valves C10B0029000000 Other details of coke ovens C10B0029020000 Brickwork, e.g. casings, linings, walls C10B0029040000 Controlling and preventing expansion and contraction C10B0029060000 Preventing and repairing leakages of the brickwork C10B0029080000 Bracing and foundation of the ovens C10B0031000000 Charging devices C10B0031020000 for charging vertically C10B0031040000 coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0031060000 for charging horizontally C10B0031080000 coke ovens with horizontal chambers C10B0031100000 with one compact charge C10B0031120000 for liquid materials C10B0033000000 Discharging devices; Coke guides C10B0033020000 Extracting coke with built-in devices, e.g. gears, screws C10B0033040000 Pulling-out devices C10B0033060000 for horizontal chambers C10B0033080000 Pushers, e.g. rams C10B0033100000 for horizontal chambers C10B0033120000 Discharge valves C10B0033140000 Coke guides C10B0035000000 Combined charging and discharging devices C10B0037000000 Mechanical treatments of coal charges in the oven C10B0037020000 Levelling charges, e.g. with bars C10B0037040000 Compressing charges (during coking C10B0047120000);; C10B0037060000 Forming holes in charges C10B0039000000 Cooling or quenching coke C10B0039020000 Dry cooling outside the oven C10B0039040000 Wet quenching C10B0039060000 in the oven C10B0039080000 Coke-quenching towers C10B0039100000 combined with agitating means, e.g. rotating tables or drums C10B0039120000 combined with conveying means C10B0039140000 Cars C10B0039160000 combined with sorting C10B0039180000 Coke ramps C10B0041000000 Safety devices, e.g. signalling or controlling devices for use in the discharge of coke C10B0041020000 for discharging coke C10B0041040000 by electrical means C10B0041060000 by pneumatic or hydraulic means C10B0041080000 for the withdrawal of the distillation gases C10B0043000000 Preventing or removing incrustations C10B0043020000 Removing incrustations C10B0043040000 by mechanical means C10B0043060000 from conduits, valves, or the like C10B0043080000 with liquids C10B0043100000 by burning out C10B0043120000 Burners C10B0043140000 Preventing incrustations C10B0045000000 Other details C10B0045020000 Devices for producing compact unified coal charges outside the oven (briquetting presses B30B);; C10B0047000000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous material with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion C10B0047020000 with stationary charge C10B0047040000 in shaft furnaces C10B0047060000 in retorts C10B0047080000 in beehive ovens C10B0047100000 in coke ovens of the chamber type C10B0047120000 in which the charge is subjected to mechanical pressures during coking C10B0047140000 with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts C10B0047160000 with indirect heating means both inside and outside the retorts C10B0047180000 with moving charge C10B0047200000 according to the moving bed type (C10B0047260000 takes precedence);; C10B0047220000 in dispersed form (C10B0047260000 takes precedence);; C10B0047240000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0047260000 with the aid of hot liquids, e.g. molten salts C10B0047280000 Other processes C10B0047300000 in rotary ovens or retorts C10B0047320000 in ovens with mechanical conveying means C10B0047340000 with rotary scraping devices C10B0047360000 in multi-stage ovens C10B0047380000 with shaking or vibrating devices C10B0047400000 with endless conveying devices C10B0047420000 in vertical direction C10B0047440000 with conveyor-screws C10B0047460000 with trucks, containers, or trays C10B0047480000 with tilting or rocking means C10B0049000000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by direct heating with heat-carrying agents including the partial combustion of the solid material to be treated C10B0049020000 with hot gases or vapours, e.g. hot gases obtained by partial combustion of the charge C10B0049040000 while moving the solid material to be treated C10B0049060000 according to the moving bed type C10B0049080000 in dispersed form C10B0049100000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0049120000 by mixing tangentially, e.g. in vortex chambers C10B0049140000 with hot liquids, e.g. molten metals C10B0049160000 with moving solid heat-carriers in divided form C10B0049180000 according to the "moving-bed" type C10B0049200000 in dispersed form C10B0049220000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0051000000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials by combined direct and indirect heating C10B0053000000 Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form (wet carbonising of peat C10F);; C10B0053020000 of cellulose-containing material (production of pyroligneous acid C10C0005000000);; C10B0053040000 of powdered coal C10B0053060000 of oil shale and/or bituminous rocks C10B0053080000 in the form of briquettes, lumps, or the like C10B0055000000 Coking mineral oils, bitumen, tar, and the like, or mixtures thereof with solid carbonaceous materials (cracking oils C10G);; C10B0055020000 with solid materials C10B0055040000 with moving solid materials C10B0055060000 according to the "moving bed" type C10B0055080000 in dispersed form C10B0055100000 according to the "fluidised bed" technique C10B0057000000 Other processes not covered before; Features of destructive distillation processes in general C10B0057020000 Multi-step carbonising or coking processes C10B0057040000 Using charges of special composition C10B0057060000 containing additives C10B0057080000 Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge (C10L0009000000 takes precedence);; C10B0057100000 Drying C10B0057120000 Applying additives during coking C10B0057140000 Features of low-temperature carbonising processes C10B0057160000 Features of high-temperature carbonising processes C10B0057180000 Modifying the properties of the distillation gases in the oven (outside the oven C10K);; C10B0057200000 Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous material underground C10C WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID C10C0001000000 Working-up tar (coumarone resins C08F0005020000);; C10C0001020000 Removal of water (by distillation C10C0001060000);; C10C0001040000 by distillation C10C0001060000 Removal of water C10C0001080000 Winning of aromatic fractions C10C0001100000 benzene fraction C10C0001120000 naphthalene fraction C10C0001140000 Winning of tar oils from tar C10C0001160000 Winning of pitch C10C0001180000 by extraction with selective solvents (preparation of hydrocarbon oils from tar oils C10G0021000000);; C10C0001200000 Refining by chemical means (obtaining hydrocarbon oils C10G);; C10C0003000000 Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen C10C0003020000 by chemical means C10C0003040000 by blowing and/or oxidising C10C0003060000 by distillation C10C0003080000 by selective extraction C10C0003100000 Melting C10C0003120000 Devices therefor C10C0003140000 Solidifying; Disintegrating, e.g. granulating C10C0003160000 by direct contact with liquids C10C0003180000 Removing in solid form from reaction vessels, containers and the like, e.g. by cutting out, by pressing C10C0005000000 Production of pyroligneous acid (carbonisation of wood C10B);; C10F CUTTING, DRYING, AND WORKING-UP OF PEAT C10F0003000000 Cutting peat C10F0005000000 Drying or de-watering peat (drying in general F26B);; C10F0005020000 in the field; Auxiliary means therefor C10F0005040000 by using presses, bandpresses, rolls, or centrifuges (moulding C10F0007040000);; C10F0005060000 combined with a carbonisation step for producing turfcoal C10F0007000000 Working-up peat (extracting wax from peat C10G);; C10F0007020000 Disintegrating peat (obtaining fibres from peat D01B0001500000);; C10F0007040000 by moulding C10F0007060000 briquetting C10F0007080000 by extrusion combined with cutting C10F0009000000 Other details C10G CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES FROM MATERIALS OTHER THAN HYDROCARBONS, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION (cracking to hydrogen or synthesis gas C01B;cracking or pyrolysis of hydrocarbon gases to well-defined hydrocarbons C07C; cracking of well-defined hydrocarbons C07C; cracking to cokes C10B); RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES C10G0001000000 Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal (mechanical winning of oil from oil-shales, oil-sand, and the like B03B);; C10G0001020000 by distillation (destructive distillation of oil-shale C10B0053060000);; C10G0001040000 by extraction C10G0001060000 by destructive hydrogenation C10G0001080000 with moving catalysts C10G0001100000 from rubber or rubber waste C10G0003000000 Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids (production from non-melting solid oxygen-containing carbonaceous materials C10G0001000000;preparation of well-defined hydrocarbons C07C) C10G0005000000 Recovery of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from gases, e.g. natural gas C10G0005020000 with solid adsorbents C10G0005040000 with liquid absorbents C10G0005060000 by cooling and/or compressing C10G0007000000 Distillation of hydrocarbon oils (distillation in general B01D);; C10G0007020000 Stabilising gasoline by removing gases by fractioning C10G0007040000 De-watering C10G0009000000 Thermal non-catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of mixtures mainly consisting of hydrocarbons, e.g. hydrocarbon oils, tar oils C10G0009020000 in retorts C10G0009040000 Retorts C10G0009060000 by pressure distillation C10G0009080000 Apparatus therefor C10G0009100000 Linings C10G0009120000 Removing incrustations C10G0009140000 in pipes or coils with or without auxiliary means, e.g. digesters, soaking drums, expansion means C10G0009160000 Preventing or removing incrustations C10G0009180000 Apparatus C10G0009200000 Tube furnaces C10G0009220000 Linings C10G0009240000 by heating with electrical means C10G0009260000 with discontinuously preheated non-moving solid material, e.g. blast and run C10G0009280000 with preheated moving solid material C10G0009300000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0009320000 according to the "fluidised" technique C10G0009340000 by direct contact with inert preheated fluids, e.g. with molten metals or salts C10G0009360000 with heated gases or vapours C10G0009380000 produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked C10G0009400000 by indirect contact with preheated fluid other than hot combustion gases C10G0009420000 by passing the material to be cracked in thin streams or as spray on or near continuously heated surfaces C10G0009440000 Production of mixtures with high aromatic content C10G0009460000 Production of mixtures with high olefin content C10G0009480000 Production of combustible gases, e.g. oil gas C10G0011000000 Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of mixtures mainly consisting of hydrocarbons, e.g. hydrocarbon oils, tar oils (cracking in direct contact with molten metals or salts C10G0009340000);; C10G0011020000 with the use of specified catalysts C10G0011040000 Oxydic catalysts C10G0011060000 Sulphidic catalysts C10G0011080000 Halides C10G0011100000 with stationary catalyst bed C10G0011120000 with discontinuously preheated non-moving solid catalysts, e.g. blast and run C10G0011140000 with preheated moving solid catalysts C10G0011160000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0011180000 according to the "fluidised" technique C10G0011200000 by direct contact with inert heated gases or vapours C10G0011220000 produced by partial combustion of the material to be cracked C10G0011240000 Production of mixtures with high aromatic content C10G0011260000 Production of mixtures with high olefin content C10G0011280000 Production of combustible gases, e.g. oil gas C10G0013000000 Cracking, in the presence of hydrogen, of mixtures mainly consisting of hydrocarbons (destructive hydrogenation of non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials C10G0001060000);; C10G0013020000 with the use of specified catalysts C10G0013040000 Oxydic catalysts C10G0013060000 Sulphidic catalysts C10G0013080000 Halides C10G0013100000 containing metals of the platinum and/or palladium group C10G0013120000 with partial combustion of the material to be cracked C10G0013140000 with preheated moving solid materials C10G0013160000 according to the "moving bed" method C10G0013180000 according to the "fluidised" technique C10G0013200000 in the presence of hydrogen-producing compounds, e.g. NH; 3, H2S, H2O C10G0013220000 with organic compounds C10G0013240000 Other methods of non-catalytic cracking in the presence of hydrogen C10G0013260000 Production of mixtures with high aromatic content C10G0013280000 Production of mixtures with high olefin content C10G0013300000 Production of combustible gases, e.g. oil gas C10G0015000000 Cracking mixtures mainly consisting of hydrocarbons by electrical means, electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations, or by bombardments with subatomic particles, e.g. electrons C10G0015020000 Production of mixtures with high aromatic content C10G0015040000 Production of mixtures with high olefin content C10G0015060000 Production of combustible gases, e.g. oil gas C10G0017000000 Refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures with acids, acid-forming compounds and/or acid-containing liquids, e.g. acid-sludge (refining with "solid" acids C10G0029180000);; C10G0017020000 with acids and/or acid sludge C10G0017040000 liquid-liquid treatment forming two immiscible phases C10G0017060000 using acids derived from sulphur and/or acid sludge thereof C10G0017080000 with acid-forming oxides (refining with CO2 or SO;2 as a selective solvent C10G0021060000);; C10G0017100000 Recovery of used refining agent C10G0019000000 Refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures with alkalis and/or alkaline reacting compounds (in the presence of oxygen C10G0027060000);; C10G0019020000 with aqueous alkaline solutions C10G0019040000 containing solubilisers, e.g. solutisers C10G0019060000 with plumbites or plumbates C10G0019080000 Recovery of used refining agent C10G0021000000 Refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures by extraction with selective solvents (C10G0017040000, C10G0019020000 take precedence;dewaxing oils C10G0043080000) C10G0021020000 with two or more solvents, which are introduced or withdrawn separately C10G0021040000 by introducing simultaneously at least two immiscible solvents counter-current to each other C10G0021060000 with the use of specific selective solvents C10G0021080000 essentially based on inorganic compounds C10G0021100000 on sulphur dioxide C10G0021120000 essentially based on organic compound C10G0021140000 on hydrocarbons C10G0021160000 on oxygen-containing compounds C10G0021180000 on halogen-containing compounds C10G0021200000 on nitrogen-containing compounds C10G0021220000 on compounds containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10G0021240000 on phosphorus-containing compounds C10G0021260000 on silicon-containing compounds C10G0021280000 Recovery of used solvent C10G0023000000 Refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures with hydrogen and/or hydrogen generating compounds C10G0023020000 with the use of specified catalysts C10G0023040000 containing metals of the platinum or palladium group C10G0023060000 with moving catalysts; with catalyst dispersed in the oil C10G0023080000 according to the "moving bed" method C10G0023100000 according to the "fluidised" technique C10G0023120000 with hydrogen-generating compounds C10G0023140000 Autofining C10G0023160000 in the liquid phase, e.g. trickle technique (C10G0023060000 takes precedence);; C10G0025000000 Refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures with adsorptive solids C10G0025020000 with ion-exchange material C10G0025040000 with alkaline or alkaline earth aluminium silicates, e.g. molecular sieves C10G0025060000 with moving adsorbents C10G0025080000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0025100000 in the vapour phase C10G0025120000 Recovery of used adsorbent C10G0027000000 Refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures by oxidation C10G0027020000 with halogen and/or compounds generating halogen; hypochlorous acid or salts thereof C10G0027040000 with oxygen or compounds generating oxygen C10G0027060000 in the presence of alkaline solutions C10G0027080000 in the presence of copper chloride C10G0029000000 Refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures with other chemicals with or without catalytic action C10G0029020000 with non-metals C10G0029040000 with metals with or without carriers C10G0029060000 with metal salts with or without carriers (C10G0029120000 takes precedence);; C10G0029080000 containing the metal in the lower valency C10G0029100000 metal sulphides C10G0029120000 with halides C10G0029140000 with acid salts C10G0029160000 with metal oxides C10G0029180000 with "solid" acids e.g. phosphoric acid deposited on a carrier C10G0029200000 with organic compounds not containing metal C10G0029220000 containing carbon, hydrogen and oxygen C10G0029240000 aldehydes and/or ketones C10G0029260000 halogenated hydrocarbons C10G0029280000 containing carbon, hydrogen, and sulphur with or without oxygen, e.g. mercaptans C10G0031000000 Multi-step refining processes; Other methods of refining oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures (by distillation C10G0007000000);; C10G0031020000 with electrical or magnetic means C10G0031040000 by irradiation and/or bombardments with subatomic particles C10G0031060000 by heating, cooling, and/or pressure treatment C10G0031080000 by treating with water C10G0031100000 with the aid of centrifugal force C10G0031120000 using micro-organisms C10G0031140000 Multi-step refining processes C10G0033000000 De-watering and/or deemulsification of oils containing hydrocarbon mixtures (by distillation C10G0007040000);; C10G0033020000 with electrical or magnetic means C10G0033040000 with chemical means C10G0033060000 with mechanical means, e.g. by filtration C10G0035000000 Reforming naphtha C10G0035020000 Thermal reforming C10G0035040000 Catalytic reforming C10G0035060000 with the use of specified catalysts C10G0035080000 with platinum, palladium, silver, and/or gold C10G0035100000 with moving catalysts C10G0035120000 according to the "moving-bed" method C10G0035140000 according to the "fluidised" technique C10G0035160000 with electric, electromagnetic, or mechanical vibrations; by bombardments with subatomic particles C10G0035180000 combined with refining C10G0035200000 with solvent extraction C10G0037000000 Preparation of liquid hydrocarbons in multi-step processes in which at least one step consists of cracking C10G0037020000 consisting only of cracking steps C10G0037040000 combined catalytic and non-catalytic steps C10G0037060000 cracking combined with other hydrocarbon conversion processes C10G0037080000 combined with polymerisation C10G0037100000 combined with reforming C10G0039000000 Preparation of liquid hydrocarbons in multi-step conversion processes in which at least one step consists of reforming (cracking combined with reforming C10G0037100000);; C10G0041000000 Preparation of mineral lubricating oils and/or fatty oils for lubricating purposes by methods not otherwise provided for C10G0041020000 thickening by voltolising (chemical modification of drying oils by voltolising C09F0007040000);; C10G0043000000 Recovery and/or refining of mineral waxes, e.g. montan wax (compositions essentially based on waxes C08H0009060000);; C10G0043020000 of petroleum waxes C10G0043040000 Recovery from hydrocarbon oils C10G0043060000 with the use of filter aids C10G0043080000 with the use of solvents C10G0043100000 essentially based on organic compounds C10G0043120000 on hydrocarbons C10G0043140000 on oxygen-containing compounds C10G0043160000 on halogen-containing compounds C10G0043180000 on nitrogen-containing compounds C10G0043200000 on compounds containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10G0043220000 on phosphorus-containing compounds C10H PRODUCTION OF ACETYLENE BY WET METHODS; ITS PURIFICATION C10H0001000000 Acetylene gas generators with dropwise, gravity, non-automatic water feed (valves, cocks, per, F16K);; C10H0001020000 Valves C10H0001040000 Screw valves C10H0001060000 Cocks C10H0001080000 Other means for controlling the water feed C10H0001100000 Water feed from above through a central or lateral pipe C10H0001120000 Water feed from above through porous materials C10H0003000000 Acetylene gas generators with automatic water feed regulation by means independent of the gas-holder C10H0003020000 with membranes C10H0003040000 with floats C10H0003060000 with pistons C10H0005000000 Acetylene gas generators with automatic water feed regulation by the gas-holder C10H0005020000 with overflow for the water C10H0005040000 by drop-by-drop water valves connected with the gas-holder C10H0005060000 by drop-by-drop water cocks connected with the gas-holder C10H0005080000 with gas-holder-connected water valves or cocks according to the submersion system C10H0007000000 Acetylene gas generators with water feed by Kipp's principle C10H0007020000 with water feed from below C10H0007040000 with water feed from above C10H0009000000 Acetylene gas generators according to Dobereiner's principle with fixed carbide bell C10H0009020000 with water feed from below through porous materials (by capillary feed); C10H0009040000 with gas cock actuated by the gas-holder C10H0009060000 with the depth of the gas outlet pipe regulated by the gas-holder C10H0009080000 with movable gas-holder C10H0009100000 by wetting the carbide only at the bottom C10H0011000000 Acetylene gas generators with submersion of the carbide in water C10H0011020000 inside the gas-holder C10H0011040000 with sealing and reaction water separated from each other C10H0013000000 Acetylene gas generators with combined dipping and drop-by-drop system C10H0015000000 Acetylene gas generators with carbide feed, with or without regulation by the gas pressure C10H0015020000 with non-automatic carbide feed C10H0015040000 Closure means at the filling-hopper C10H0015060000 with automatic carbide feed by valves C10H0015080000 by flap or slide valves C10H0015100000 by float valves C10H0015120000 by measuring valves, including pocket-wheels C10H0015140000 with feed worm or feed conveyers C10H0015160000 with feed drums C10H0015180000 with movable feed disc and fixed carbide-receptacle C10H0015200000 with carbide feed by cartridges or other packets C10H0015220000 with carbide feed of pulverous carbide from receptacles or through the gas-holder C10H0015240000 with carbide feed by pistons C10H0017000000 High-pressure acetylene gas generators C10H0019000000 Other acetylene gas generators C10H0019020000 Rotary carbide receptacles C10H0021000000 Details of acetylene generators; Accessory equipment for, or features of, the wet production of acetylene C10H0021020000 Packages of carbide for use in generators, e.g. cartridges C10H0021040000 Placing packages in the generator C10H0021060000 Opening devices for packages in the generator C10H0021080000 Safety devices for acetylene generators C10H0021100000 Carbide compositions C10H0021120000 Gas-tight sealing means, e.g. liquid seals in generators C10H0021140000 Ventilation means; Cooling devices C10H0021160000 Removing sludge from generators C10H0023000000 Purification of acetylene gas C10J PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES (synthesis gas from liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons C01B);;CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES C10J0001000000 Production of fuel gases by carburetting air or other gases without pyrolysis (for internal-combustion engines F02);; C10J0001020000 Carburetting air C10J0001040000 Controlling supply of air C10J0001060000 with materials which are liquid at ordinary temperatures C10J0001080000 by passage of air through or over the surface of the liquid C10J0001100000 with the liquid absorbed on carriers C10J0001120000 by atomisation of the liquid C10J0001140000 Controlling the supply of liquid in accordance with the air supply C10J0001160000 with solid hydrocarbons C10J0001180000 in rotary carburettors C10J0001200000 Carburetting gases other than air C10J0001220000 Adding materials to prevent vapour deposition C10J0001240000 Controlling humidity of the air or gas to be carburetted C10J0001260000 using raised temperatures or pressures C10J0001280000 Odorising air gas C10J0003000000 Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels (destructive distillation processes C10B);; C10J0003020000 Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel C10J0003040000 Cyclic processes, e.g. alternate blast and run C10J0003060000 Continuous processes C10J0003080000 with ash-removal in liquid state C10J0003100000 using external heating C10J0003120000 using solid heat-carriers C10J0003140000 using gaseous heat-carriers C10J0003160000 simultaneously reacting oxygen and water with the carbonaceous material C10J0003180000 using electricity C10J0003200000 Apparatus; Plant C10J0003220000 Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues C10J0003240000 to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed C10J0003260000 downwardly C10J0003280000 fully automatic C10J0003300000 Fuel charging devices C10J0003320000 Devices for distributing fuel evenly over the bed for stirring-up the fuel bed C10J0003340000 Grates; Mechanical ash-removing devices C10J0003360000 Fixed grates C10J0003380000 with stirring beams C10J0003400000 Movable grates C10J0003420000 Rotary grates C10J0003440000 adapted for use on vehicles C10J0003460000 Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels in suspension C10J0003480000 Apparatus; Plant C10J0003500000 Fuel charging devices C10J0003520000 Ash-removing devices C10J0003540000 Gasification of granular or pulverulent fuels by the Winkler technique, i.e. by fluidisation C10J0003560000 Apparatus; Plant C10J0003580000 combined with pre-distillation of the fuel C10J0003600000 Processes C10J0003620000 with separate withdrawal of the distillation products C10J0003640000 with decomposition of the distillation products C10J0003660000 by introducing them into the gasification zone C10J0003680000 Carburetting by pyrolysis of carbonaceous material in the fuel bed (C10J0003660000 takes precedence);; C10J0003700000 Carburetting by pyrolysis of carbonaceous material in a carburettor C10J0003720000 Other features C10J0003740000 Construction of shells or jackets C10J0003760000 Water jackets; Steam boiler jackets C10J0003780000 High-pressure apparatus C10J0003800000 with arrangements for preheating the blast or the water vapour C10J0003820000 Gas withdrawal means C10J0003840000 with means for removing dust or tar from the gas C10J0003860000 combined with waste-heat boilers C10J0005000000 Underground gasification (destructive distillation underground C10B0057200000);; C10K PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS OF COMBUSTIBLE TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE C10K0001000000 Purifying combustible technical gases containing carbon monoxide (isolation of hydrogen from mixtures containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide C01B0001260000);; C10K0001020000 Dust removal C10K0001040000 by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials C10K0001060000 combined with spraying with water C10K0001080000 by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liqours (gas washers B01D);; C10K0001100000 with aqueous liquids C10K0001120000 alkaline-reacting C10K0001140000 organic C10K0001160000 with non-aqueous liquids C10K0001180000 hydrocarbon oils C10K0001200000 by treating with solids; Regenerating spent purifying masses C10K0001220000 Apparatus, e.g. dry box purifiers C10K0001240000 Supporting means for the purifying material C10K0001260000 Regeneration of the purifying material C10K0001280000 Controlling the gas flow through the purifiers C10K0001300000 with moving purifying masses C10K0001320000 with selectively absorptive solids, e.g. active carbon C10K0001340000 by catalytic conversion of impurities to more readily removable materials C10K0003000000 Modifying the chemical composition of combustible technical gases containing carbon monoxide to produce an improved fuel, e.g. one of different calorific value, which may be free from carbon monoxide C10K0003020000 by catalytic treatment C10K0003040000 reducing the carbon monoxide content C10K0003060000 by mixing with gases C10L FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (fuels for generating pressure gas, e.g. for rockets, C06D0005000000;candles C11C; nuclear fuel G21C0003000000); ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS C10L0001000000 Liquid carbonaceous fuels C10L0001020000 essentially based on components consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen only C10L0001040000 essentially based on blends of hydrocarbons C10L0001060000 for spark ignition C10L0001080000 for compression ignition C10L0001100000 containing additives C10L0001120000 inorganic compounds C10L0001140000 organic compounds C10L0001160000 hydrocarbons C10L0001180000 containing oxygen C10L0001200000 containing halogen C10L0001220000 containing nitrogen C10L0001240000 containing sulphur, selenium and/or tellurium C10L0001260000 containing phosphorus C10L0001280000 containing silicon C10L0001300000 containing elements not mentioned before C10L0001320000 consisting of coal-oil suspensions and/or aqueous emulsions C10L0003000000 Gaseous fuels C10L0003020000 Compositions containing acetylene C10L0003040000 Absorbing compositions, e.g. solvents C10L0005000000 Solid fuels (produced by solidifying fluid fuels C10L0007000000);; C10L0005020000 Briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral origin (peat briquettes C10F);; C10L0005040000 Raw material to be used; Pretreatment thereof C10L0005060000 Methods of briquetting (mechanical part of pressing briquettes B28B);; C10L0005080000 without the aid of extraneous binders (briquetting peat C10F);; C10L0005100000 with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders C10L0005120000 with inorganic binders C10L0005140000 with organic binders C10L0005160000 with bituminous binders, e.g. tar, pitch C10L0005180000 with naphthalene C10L0005200000 with sulphite lye C10L0005220000 Methods of applying the binder to the other compounding ingredients; Apparatus therefor C10L0005240000 Combating dust during briquetting; Safety devices against explosion C10L0005260000 After-treatment of the briquettes C10L0005280000 Heating the briquettes; Coking the binders C10L0005300000 Cooling the briquettes C10L0005320000 Coating C10L0005340000 Other details of the briquettes C10L0005360000 Shape C10L0005380000 Briquettes consisting of different layers C10L0005400000 essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin C10L0005420000 on animal substances and/or products obtained therefrom C10L0005440000 on vegetable substances C10L0005460000 on sewage, house, or town refuse C10L0005480000 on industrial residues and waste materials C10L0007000000 Fuels produced by solidifying fluid fuels C10L0007020000 liquid fuels (greases C10M);; C10L0007040000 alcohol C10L0009000000 Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion C10L0009020000 by chemical means C10L0009040000 by hydrogenating C10L0009060000 by oxidation C10L0009080000 by heat treatments, e.g. calcining C10L0009100000 by using additives C10L0009120000 oxidation means, e.g. oxygen-generating compounds C10L0010000000 Adding materials to fuels or fires to reduce smoke or undesirable deposits or to facilitate soot removal C10L0010020000 to reduce smoke development C10L0010040000 to minimise corrosion or incrustation C10L0010060000 to facilitate soot removal C10L0011000000 Firelighters C10L0011020000 based on refractory porous bodies C10L0011040000 consisting of combustible material (matches C06F);; C10L0011060000 of a special shape C10L0011080000 Apparatus therefor C10M LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; THE USE AS LUBRICANTS OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A COMPOSITION (use of particular substances in particular apparatus or conditions, see F16N or the relevant class for the application, e.g. A21D0008080000, B21C0009000000, B29C0001040000, C03B0039000000);; C10M0001000000 Liquid compositions essentially based on mineral lubricating oils and/or fatty oils; Their use as lubricants C10M0001020000 consisting only of mixed oils C10M0001040000 consisting only of mixed mineral oils C10M0001060000 Aqueous emulsions C10M0001080000 with additives C10M0001100000 Inorganic compounds C10M0001120000 Sulphur; Sulphides C10M0001140000 Organic compounds C10M0001160000 Hydrocarbons C10M0001180000 Polymers and/or copolymers C10M0001200000 containing oxygen C10M0001220000 Aliphatic alcohols C10M0001240000 Aliphatic, e.g. cycloaliphatic, carboxylic acids C10M0001260000 Esters C10M0001280000 Polymers and/or copolymers C10M0001300000 containing halogen C10M0001320000 containing nitrogen C10M0001340000 Arylamines C10M0001360000 Amides C10M0001380000 containing sulphur, selenium, or tellurium C10M0001400000 Sulphonic acids C10M0001420000 Aromatic sulphides C10M0001440000 containing phosphorus C10M0001460000 Esters of acids of phosphorus C10M0001480000 containing phosphorus and sulphur C10M0001500000 containing silicon C10M0001520000 Esters of acids of silicon C10M0001540000 containing elements not mentioned before C10M0003000000 Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils and/or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances « (compositions in general essentially based on macromolecular compounds C08»);; C10M0003020000 Inorganic compounds C10M0003040000 Water C10M0003060000 Sulphur; Sulphides C10M0003080000 Organic compounds C10M0003100000 Hydrocarbons C10M0003120000 Polymers and/or copolymers C10M0003140000 containing oxygen C10M0003160000 Aliphatic alcohols C10M0003180000 Aliphatic, including cycloaliphatic, carboxylic acids C10M0003200000 Esters C10M0003220000 Polymers and/or copolymers C10M0003240000 containing halogen C10M0003260000 containing nitrogen C10M0003280000 Arylamines C10M0003300000 Amides C10M0003320000 containing sulphur, selenium, and/or tellurium C10M0003340000 Sulphonic acids C10M0003360000 Aromatic sulphides C10M0003380000 containing phosphorus C10M0003400000 Esters of acids of phosphorus C10M0003420000 containing phosphorus and sulphur C10M0003440000 containing silicon C10M0003460000 Esters of acids of silicon C10M0003480000 containing elements not mentioned before C10M0005000000 Solid and/or semi-solid compositions containing as the essential lubricating ingredient mineral lubricating oils and/or fatty oils and their use C10M0005020000 Inorganic compounds C10M0005040000 Gels C10M0005060000 Organic compounds C10M0005080000 Hydrocarbons C10M0005100000 Polymers and/or copolymers C10M0005120000 containing oxygen C10M0005140000 Metal salts of aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids C10M0005160000 Salts of alkaline earth metals and/or magnesium C10M0005180000 containing halogen C10M0005200000 containing nitrogen C10M0005220000 containing sulphur, selenium, and/or tellurium C10M0005240000 containing phosphorus C10M0005260000 containing silicon C10M0005280000 containing elements not mentioned before C10M0007000000 Solid and/or semi-solid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single solid and/or semi-solid substances (compositions in general essentially based on macromolecular compounds C08);; C10M0007020000 Inorganic compounds C10M0007040000 Graphite C10M0007060000 Sulphur; Sulphides C10M0007080000 Gels C10M0007100000 Organic compounds C10M0007120000 Hydrocarbons C10M0007140000 Polymers and/or copolymers C10M0007160000 containing oxygen C10M0007180000 Aliphatic alcohols C10M0007200000 Aliphatic, including cycloaliphatic, carboxylic acids C10M0007220000 Salts or alkaline earth metal and/or magnesium C10M0007240000 Esters C10M0007260000 Polymers and/or copolymers C10M0007280000 containing halogen C10M0007300000 containing nitrogen C10M0007320000 Arylamines C10M0007340000 Amides C10M0007360000 containing sulphur, selenium, and/or tellurium C10M0007380000 Sulphonic acids C10M0007400000 Aromatic sulphides C10M0007420000 containing phosphorus C10M0007440000 Esters or acids of phosphorus C10M0007460000 containing phosphorus and sulphur C10M0007480000 containing silicon C10M0007500000 Esters of acids of silicon C10M0007520000 containing elements not mentioned above C10M0009000000 Lubricants which are at least partly in the gas or vapour phase during working conditions C10M0011000000 Working-up used lubricants based on mineral oils C11 ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES (edible oil or fat compositions A23);; C11B PRODUCING (pressing, extraction); REFINING AND PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES (e.g. lanolin), FATTY OILS AND WAXES, INCLUDING EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES (drying-oils C09F);; C11B0001000000 Production of fats or fatty oils from raw materials C11B0001020000 Pretreatment C11B0001040000 of vegetable raw material C11B0001060000 by pressing C11B0001080000 by hot pressing C11B0001100000 by extracting C11B0001120000 by melting out C11B0001140000 with hot water or aqueous solutions C11B0001160000 with steam C11B0003000000 Refining fats or fatty oils C11B0003020000 by chemical reaction C11B0003040000 with acids C11B0003060000 with bases C11B0003080000 with oxidising agents C11B0003100000 by adsorption C11B0003120000 by distillation C11B0003140000 with the use of indifferent gases or vapours, e.g. steam C11B0003160000 by mechanical means C11B0005000000 Preserving by using additives, e.g. anti-oxidants C11B0007000000 Separation of mixtures of fats or fatty oils into their constituents, e.g. saturated oils from unsaturated oils C11B0009000000 Essential oils; Perfumes (synthesis of chemical substances C07);; C11B0009020000 Recovery or refining of essential oils from raw materials C11B0011000000 Recovery or refining of other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin, waxes (synthetic waxes C07, C08;mineral waxes C10G) C11B0013000000 Recovery of fats, fatty oils, or fatty acids from waste materials (mechanical separation from waste water C02C, E03F);; C11B0013020000 from soap stock C11B0013040000 from spent adsorption materials C11B0015000000 Solidifying fatty oils, fats, or waxes by physical processes C11C FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS, AND WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS AND FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM C11C0001000000 Preparation of fatty acids from fats, fatty oils, or waxes; Refining the fatty acids (recovery of fatty acids from waste materials C11B0013000000);; C11C0001020000 from fats or fatty oils C11C0001040000 by hydrolysis C11C0001060000 using solid catalysts C11C0001080000 Refining C11C0001100000 by distillation C11C0003000000 Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom (sulphonated fats or fatty oils C07C0143900000;factice C08H; drying-oils C09F) C11C0003020000 by esterification of fatty acids with glycerol C11C0003040000 by esterification of fats or fatty oils C11C0003060000 with glycerol C11C0003080000 with fatty acids C11C0003100000 Ester interchange C11C0003120000 by hydrogenation C11C0003140000 by isomerisation C11C0005000000 Candles C11C0005020000 Apparatus for preparation thereof C11D DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; THE USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP AND SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL C11D0001000000 Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent C11D0001020000 Anionic compounds C11D0001040000 Carboxylic acids or salts thereof (soap C11D0009000000);; C11D0001060000 Ether- or thio-ether carboxylic acids C11D0001080000 Polycarboxylic acids containing no nitrogen or sulphur C11D0001100000 Amino-carboxylic acids; Imino-carboxylic acids; Fatty acid condensates thereof C11D0001120000 Sulphonic acids or sulphuric acid esters; Salts thereof (C11D0003065000 takes precedence);; C11D0001140000 derived from aliphatic hydrocarbons or mono-alcohols C11D0001160000 derived from divalent or polyvalent alcohols C11D0001180000 derived from amino alcohols C11D0001200000 Fatty acid condensates C11D0001220000 derived from aromatic compounds C11D0001240000 containing ester and/or ether groups directly attached to the nucleus C11D0001260000 derived from heterocyclic compounds C11D0001280000 Sulphonation products derived from higher fatty acids or their esters, e.g. fats, fatty oils, partial glycerides C11D0001300000 Sulphonation products derived from lignin C11D0001320000 Protein hydrolysates; Fatty acid condensates thereof C11D0001340000 Derivatives of acids of phosphorus C11D0001360000 of unknown constitution C11D0001370000 Mixtures of compounds all of which are anionic C11D0001380000 Cationic compounds C11D0001400000 Monoamines and/or polyamines; Salts thereof C11D0001420000 Amino alcohols and/or amino ethers C11D0001440000 Ethers of polyoglycols with amino alcohols; Condensation products of epoxyalkanes with amines C11D0001460000 Esters of carboxylic acids with amino alcohols; Esters of amino carboxylic acids with alcohols C11D0001480000 N-containing polycondensation products C11D0001500000 Derivatives of urea, thiourea, cyanamide, guanidine and/or urethanes C11D0001520000 Carboxylic amides, or imides (C11D0003070000 takes precedence);; C11D0001540000 Hydrazides of carboxylic acids C11D0001560000 containing nitro or nitroso groups C11D0001580000 Heterocyclic compounds C11D0001600000 Sulphonium or phosphonium compounds C11D0001620000 Quaternary ammonium compounds C11D0001640000 of unknown constitution C11D0001645000 Mixtures of compounds all of which are cationic C11D0001650000 Mixtures of anionic with cationic compounds C11D0001655000 of sulphonated products with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids (C11D0003066000 takes precedence);; C11D0001660000 Non-ionic compounds C11D0001680000 Alcohols; Oxidation products of paraffin wax, other than acids C11D0001700000 Phenols C11D0001720000 Ethers of polyoxyalkylene glycols (C11D0003075000 takes precedence);; C11D0001740000 Carboxylates or sulphonates of polyoxyalkylene glycols C11D0001760000 Synthetic resins containing no nitrogen C11D0001780000 Neutral esters of acids of phosphorus C11D0001800000 Derivatives of lignin containing no sulpho- or sulphate groups C11D0001820000 Compounds containing silicon C11D0001825000 Mixtures of compounds all of which are non-anionic C11D0001830000 Mixtures of non-ionic with anionic compounds C11D0001831000 of sulphonates with ethers of polyglycols without phosphates C11D0001835000 Mixtures of non-ionic with cationic compounds C11D0001840000 Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds C11D0001860000 Mixtures of anionic, cationic, and non-ionic compounds C11D0003000000 Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group ; C11D0001000000 C11D0003020000 Inorganic compounds C11D0003040000 Water-soluble compounds C11D0003060000 Phosphates C11D0003065000 in admixture with sulphonated products C11D0003066000 and with alkylolamides of carboxylic acids C11D0003070000 in admixture with alkylolamides of carbocyclic acids C11D0003075000 in admixture with ethers of polyglycols C11D0003080000 Silicates C11D0003100000 Carbonates C11D0003120000 Water-insoluble compounds C11D0003140000 Pigments; Fillers; Abrasives C11D0003160000 Organic compounds C11D0003180000 Hydrocarbons C11D0003200000 containing oxygen C11D0003220000 Carbohydrates or derivatives thereof C11D0003240000 containing halogen C11D0003260000 containing nitrogen C11D0003280000 Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen in the ring C11D0003300000 Amines; Substituted amines C11D0003320000 Amides; Substituted amides C11D0003340000 containing sulphur C11D0003360000 containing phosphorus C11D0003380000 Products with no well-defined composition C11D0003400000 Dyes C11D0003420000 Brightening agents C11D0003440000 Mixed solvents C11D0003460000 Superfatting agents C11D0003480000 Medicinal or disinfecting agents C11D0003500000 Perfumes C11D0007000000 Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds C11D0007020000 Inorganic compounds C11D0007040000 Water-soluble C11D0007060000 Hydroxides C11D0007080000 Acids C11D0007100000 Salts C11D0007120000 Carbonates C11D0007140000 Silicates C11D0007160000 Phosphates including polyphosphates C11D0007180000 Peroxides; Persalts C11D0007200000 Water-insoluble oxides C11D0007220000 Organic compounds C11D0007240000 Hydrocarbons C11D0007260000 containing oxygen C11D0007280000 containing halogen C11D0007300000 Halogenated hydrocarbons C11D0007320000 containing nitrogen C11D0007340000 containing sulphur C11D0007360000 containing phosphorus C11D0007380000 Per-compounds C11D0007400000 Products in which the composition is not well defined C11D0007420000 Preparations containing enzymes C11D0007440000 Vegetable products (C11D0007420000 takes precedence);; C11D0007460000 Animal products (C11D0007420000 takes precedence);; C11D0007480000 containing surface-active agents in small quantities C11D0007500000 solvents C11D0007520000 combined with promoters C11D0007540000 Bleaching agents C11D0007560000 combined with phosphates C11D0009000000 Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap (compositions containing resin soap C11D0015040000);; C11D0009020000 on alkali and/or ammonium soaps C11D0009040000 containing compounding ingredients other than soaps C11D0009060000 Inorganic compounds C11D0009080000 Water-soluble C11D0009100000 Salts C11D0009120000 Carbonates C11D0009140000 Phosphates; Polyphosphates C11D0009160000 Borates C11D0009180000 Water-insoluble compounds C11D0009200000 Pigments; Fillers; Abrasives C11D0009220000 Organic compounds C11D0009240000 Hydrocarbons C11D0009260000 containing oxygen C11D0009280000 containing halogen C11D0009300000 containing nitrogen C11D0009320000 containing sulphur C11D0009340000 containing phosphorus C11D0009360000 containing silicon C11D0009380000 Products in which the composition is not well defined C11D0009400000 Proteins C11D0009420000 Per-compounds C11D0009440000 Perfumes; Colouring materials; Brightening agents C11D0009460000 Other surface-active detergents C11D0009480000 Superfatting agents C11D0009500000 Medicinal or disinfecting agents C11D0011000000 Special methods for preparing compositions containing mixtures of detergents C11D0011020000 Preparation in the form of powder by spray-drying C11D0011040000 by chemical means, e.g. sulphonating in the presence of other compounding ingredients followed by neutralising C11D0013000000 Making of soap and/or soap solutions in general; Apparatus therefor (resin soap C11D0015000000);; C11D0013020000 Boiling soap; Refining C11D0013040000 Continuous methods therefor C11D0013060000 Bleaching of soap and/or soap solutions C11D0013080000 Colouring and/or perfuming C11D0013100000 Mixing; Kneading C11D0013120000 Cooling (C11D0013140000 takes precedence);; C11D0013140000 Shaping C11D0013160000 in moulds C11D0013180000 by extrusion or by pressing C11D0013200000 in the form of small particles, e.g. powder, flakes (by slicing C11D0013240000);; C11D0013220000 Cutting C11D0013240000 Slicing soap on the cooling drum C11D0013260000 Drying (drying ovens F27);; C11D0013280000 Embossing; Polishing C11D0013300000 Recovery of soap, e.g. from spent solutions C11D0015000000 Manufacture of resin soap and/or soaps derived from naphthenic acids; Compositions C11D0015020000 Apparatus therefor C11D0015040000 Compositions containing resin soap and/or soap derived from naphthenic acids C11D0017000000 Detergent materials characterised by their shape and/or physical properties (shaping soap C11D0013140000);; C11D0017020000 Floating bodies of detergents C11D0017040000 combined with or containing other objects C11D0017060000 Powder; Flakes; Free-flowing mixtures; Sheets C11D0017080000 Liquid soap; Capsuled C11D0019000000 Recovery of glycerol from a saponification liquor (refining glycerol C07C0031220000);; C12 FERMENTATION INDUSTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; YEAST C12B FERMENTATION PROCESSES, APPARATUS, MEDIA AND STARTING MATERIALS OF GENERAL USE C12B0001000000 Culture methods of fermentation processes in general; Apparatus therefor C12B0001020000 Inoculation methods or apparatus C12B0001040000 Surface growth C12B0001060000 Pure culture apparatus C12B0001080000 Submerged growth; Foam cultures C12B0001100000 Fermentation vessels C12B0001120000 Cooling devices C12B0001140000 Distribution of gases, e.g. air, in liquid media (mixing gases with liquids in general B01F);; C12B0001160000 Apparatus therefor C12B0001180000 Combating foam C12B0001200000 Influencing the metabolism or activity of micro-organisms during the fermentation process C12B0001220000 by physical means, e.g. electromagnetic or mechanical vibrations C12B0001240000 Preventing of infection (sterilisation of culture media C12B0003160000);; C12B0001260000 Separation of micro-organisms from their culture media C12B0003000000 Preparation and sterilisation of culture media (differential nutrient media C12K0001060000);; C12B0003020000 containing inorganic ingredients C12B0003040000 containing sucrose or (blackstrap) molasses C12B0003060000 containing ingredients derived from starch, cellulose, or cellulose-containing material C12B0003080000 Hydrolysates thereof C12B0003100000 containing sulphite waste liquor C12B0003120000 containing other organic ingredients C12B0003140000 Accesory growth factors C12B0003160000 Sterilisation of culture media (sterilisation in general of materials other than foodstuffs A61L);; C12C BREWING; ETHANOLIC FERMENTATION; PRODUCTION OF YEAST (brewing devices C12L0007000000;cleaning of raw materials A23N) C12C0001000000 Preparation of malt C12C0001020000 Pretreatment of grains, e.g. washing, steeping C12C0001040000 Germinating; Drying C12C0001060000 on single or multi-stage floors C12C0001080000 in boxes or drums C12C0001100000 Drying on fixed supports C12C0001120000 Drying on moving supports C12C0001140000 Grain or malt turning apparatus C12C0001160000 After-treatment of malt, e.g. malt cleaning, detachment of the germ C12C0001180000 Preparation of malt extract or of special kinds of malt, e.g. caramel, black malt C12C0003000000 Treatment of hops (hop extraction C12C0009020000);; C12C0003020000 Drying C12C0003040000 Conserving; Storing; Packing C12C0005000000 Other raw materials for the ethanolic fermentation C12C0005020000 Additives for beer C12C0005040000 Colouring additives C12C0007000000 Preparation of wort (malt extract C12C0001180000);; C12C0007020000 Mixing malt with water C12C0007040000 Preparation of the mash C12C0007060000 Mashing apparatus C12C0007080000 with a horizontal stirrer shaft C12C0007100000 with a vertical stirrer shaft C12C0007120000 Cooling devices for the mash C12C0007140000 Clarifying wort (Läuterung) C12C0007160000 by straining C12C0007180000 After-treatment of wort, e.g. sterilisation C12C0009000000 Methods specially adapted for the making of beerwort C12C0009020000 Beerwort treatment; Boiling with hops; Hop extraction (brewing devices C12L0007000000);; C12C0009040000 Clarifying beerwort between hop boiling and cooling C12C0009060000 Cooling beerwort; Clarifying beerwort during or after the cooling C12C0009080000 After-treatment C12C0011000000 Ethanolic fermentation processes (preparation of wine C12G0001000000);;Preparation of yeast (foodstuffs from yeast A23J0001180000, A23L0001280000);; C12C0011020000 Pitching yeast C12C0011040000 Fermentation of beerwort C12C0011060000 Acidifying the wort for ethanolic fermentation C12C0011080000 Methods of fermentation for the production of ethanol or yeast C12C0011100000 by aeration C12C0011120000 Differential fermentation C12C0011140000 Continuous methods of fermentation C12C0011160000 Preparation of pure cultures of yeast C12C0011180000 Preparation of food and fooder yeast (C12C0011080000 takes precedence);; C12C0011200000 from molasses or residues from the distillation of alcohol C12C0011220000 from hydrolysates of cellulosic materials C12C0011240000 Separation of yeast from culture media; Washing yeast; Pressing C12C0011260000 After-treatment of yeast C12C0011280000 Debittering of beer yeast C12C0011300000 Drying C12C0011320000 with maintenance of the living cell C12C0011340000 Combined with plasmolysis or autolysis C12C0011360000 Cutting; Packing; Sterilisation C12C0011380000 Production of ethanol by micro-organisms other than yeast C12D PRODUCTION OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES, OTHER THAN ETHANOL, BY FERMENTATION OR BIOSYNTHESIS (minor chemical modification of existing molecules, e.g. oxidation of steroids C07;separation of optically-active isomers from racemic mixtures C07B0019020000; vinegar C12J) C12D0001000000 Preparation of dissimilation products by aerobiotic processes; Recovery thereof C12D0001020000 of organic acids (of amino acids C12D0013060000);; C12D0001040000 citric acid C12D0001060000 hexonic acids C12D0001080000 kojic acid C12D0001100000 of aliphatic compounds containing one or more keto groups C12D0003000000 Preparation of dissimilation products by anaerobiotic processes; Recovery thereof (preparation of amino acids C12D0013060000);; C12D0003020000 of compounds obtained by the butyric acid type fermentation, e.g. acetone-butanol, acetone-ethanol, butanol-isopropanol C12D0003040000 of compounds obtained by the 2,3-butanediol type fermentation, e.g. acetoin, diacetyl C12D0003060000 of compounds obtained by the lactic or propionic acid type fermentation C12D0003080000 of glycerol C12D0003100000 of combustible gases, e.g. methane (methane by fermentation from sewage C02C);; C12D0005000000 Microbiological production of vitamins, provitamins, or growth factors; Recovery thereof (preparation of yeast C12C0011000000);; C12D0005020000 of vitamins of the B-complex C12D0005040000 riboflavin, i.e. Vitamin B2 C12D0005060000 cobalamins, i.e. Vitamin B; 12animal protein factor C12D0007000000 Microbiological production of toxins; Recovery thereof C12D0009000000 Microbiological production of antibiotics; Recovery thereof C12D0009020000 General methods for the isolation of antibiotics; Purification C12D0009040000 antibiotics from Eumycetes C12D0009060000 penicillin group C12D0009080000 Culture media and ingredients therefor C12D0009100000 Culture methods C12D0009120000 Isolation from culture media; Purification C12D0009140000 antibiotics from Actinomycetales C12D0009160000 streptomycin group C12D0009180000 tetracycline group, e.g. chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline C12D0009200000 antibiotics from Eubacteriales C12D0009220000 antibiotics from other micro-organisms including algae and lichens C12D0013000000 Microbiological production of other compounds; Recovery thereof (preparation of yeast C12C0011000000);; C12D0013020000 by synthesis or hydrolysis C12D0013040000 macromolecular carbohydrates, e.g. dextrans, laevan C12D0013060000 proteins; nucleic acids; amino acids C12D0013080000 fats; steroids from non-steroids C12D0013100000 enzymes (recovery of enzymes C07G0007020000);; C12F DISTILLATION AND RECTIFICATION OF FERMENTED SOLUTIONS; RECOVERY OF BY-PRODUCTS; DENATURING OF, AND DENATURED, ALCOHOL C12F0001000000 Distillation or rectification of fermented solutions (preparation of alcoholic beverages by distillation C12G0003120000);; C12F0001020000 by continuous methods C12F0001040000 Rectification of spirit C12F0001060000 by continuous methods C12F0001080000 Combined distillation and rectification C12F0003000000 Recovery of by-products C12F0003020000 of carbon dioxide C12F0003040000 Recovery of volatile fermentation products from carbon dioxide C12F0003060000 from beer and wine (C12F0003020000 takes precedence;removal of yeast C12G0001080000) C12F0003080000 Recovery of alcohol from press residues or other waste material (from carbon dioxide C12F0003040000);; C12F0003100000 from distillery slops C12F0005000000 Preparation of denatured alcohol C12G WINE; OTHER ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION THEREOF (beer C12C);; C12G0001000000 Preparation of wine or sparkling wine C12G0001020000 Preparation of must from grapes; Must treatment and fermentation C12G0001040000 Sulphiting the must; Desulphiting C12G0001060000 Preparation of sparkling wine, e.g. champagne; Impregnating wine with carbon dioxide C12G0001080000 Removal of yeast ("degorgeage") C12G0003000000 Preparation of other alcoholic beverages C12G0003020000 by straight fermentation C12G0003040000 by mixing, e.g. liqueurs C12G0003060000 with flavouring ingredients C12G0003080000 by other methods for varying the composition of fermented solutions, e.g. reducing the alcohol content C12G0003100000 Increasing the alcohol content C12G0003120000 by distillation C12H PASTEURISATION; STERILISATION; PRESERVATION; PURIFICATION; CLARIFICATION; AGEING C12H0001000000 Pasteurisation, sterilisation, preservation, purification, clarification, or ageing of alcoholic beverages (simulating ageing by flavouring C12G0003060000);; C12H0001020000 combined with removal of precipitate or added materials, e.g. adsorption material C12H0001040000 with the aid of ion-exchange material or inert clarification material, e.g. adsorption material C12H0001060000 Precipitation by physical means, e.g. by irradiation, vibrations C12H0001080000 by heating C12H0001100000 Precipitation by chemical means C12H0001120000 without precipitation C12H0001140000 with non-precipitating compounds, e.g. sulphiting; Sequestration, e.g. with chelate-producing compounds C12H0001160000 by physical means, e.g. irradiation C12H0001180000 by heating C12H0001200000 in containers allowing for expansion of the contents C12H0001220000 Ageing or ripening by storing, e.g. lagering of beer C12J VINEGAR; ITS PREPARATION C12J0001000000 Vinegar; Preparation; Purification C12J0001020000 from wine C12J0001040000 from alcohol C12J0001060000 from milk C12J0001080000 Addition of flavouring ingredients C12J0001100000 Apparatus C12K METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH; ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND PREPARATION OF MICRO-ORGANISMS, INCLUDING VIRUSES; CELL OR TISSUE CULTURE (cultivation of yeast C12C);;MICROBIOLOGICAL MATERIALS AND APPARATUS (isotope separation B01D0059360000);; C12K0001000000 Microbiological research; Isolation, identification or preparation of micro-organisms; Microbiological materials or apparatus C12K0001020000 Genetical methods for preparing micro-organisms, e.g. production of mutations C12K0001040000 Isolation, or identification of micro-organisms, e.g. for diagnosis C12K0001060000 by cultivation on selected media; Preparation of the media C12K0001080000 Conservation of viable micro-organisms C12K0001100000 Microbiological materials and apparatus C12K0003000000 Preparation of bacterial cultures (C12K0009000000 takes precedence);; C12K0005000000 Preparation of vaccines (C12K0009000000 takes precedence);; C12K0007000000 Preparation of viruses (C12K0009000000 takes precedence);; C12K0009000000 Cultivation of living tissues or of cells isolated therefrom C12L PITCHING AND DEPITCHING MACHINES (cleaning of casks B08B0009000000);;BREWING DEVICES; CELLAR TOOLS C12L0003000000 Pitching and depitching machines C12L0007000000 Brewing devices C12L0007020000 Brew kettles C12L0007040000 heated with steam C12L0007060000 heated with fire C12L0009000000 Venting devices for casks, barrels, etc. C12L0011000000 Cellar tools C13 SUGAR AND STARCH INDUSTRY C13C CUTTING MILLS; SHREDDING KNIVES; PULP PRESSES C13C0001000000 Reducing the size of material from which sugar, or like carbohydrate is to be extracted (for extraction of starch C13L0001020000);; C13C0001020000 Cutting sugar cane C13C0001040000 Shredding sugar cane C13C0001060000 Slicing sugar beet C13C0001080000 Knives; Adjustment or maintenance thereof C13C0003000000 Pressing water from material from which sugar, starch or like carbohydrate has been extracted C13C0003020000 between perforated moving belts C13D PRODUCTION AND PURIFICATION OF SUGAR JUICES C13D0001000000 Production of sugar, i.e. saccharose, juices C13D0001020000 Expressing juice from sugar cane or similar material, e.g. sorghum saccharatum C13D0001040000 combined with inhibition C13D0001060000 Sugar-cane crushers C13D0001080000 Extraction of sugar from sugar beet with water C13D0001100000 continuous processes C13D0001120000 Details of extraction apparatus, e.g. arrangements of pipes or valves C13D0001140000 using extracting agents other than water, e.g. alcohol or salt solutions C13D0003000000 Purification of sugar juices (mechanical separation of solids from liquids B01);; C13D0003020000 using alkaline earth compounds C13D0003040000 followed by saturation C13D0003060000 with carbon dioxide or sulphur dioxide C13D0003080000 by oxidation or reduction C13D0003100000 using sulphur dioxide or sulphites C13D0003120000 using adsorption agents, e.g. active carbon C13D0003140000 using ion-exchange materials C13D0003160000 by physical means, e.g. osmosis C13D0003180000 by electrical means C13F PREPARATION AND PROCESSING OF RAW SUGAR, SUGAR, AND SYRUP C13F0001000000 Thickening, evaporating, or boiling sugar juice (boiling apparatus B01B;evaporators B01D; centrifuges B04B) C13F0001020000 Crystallisation; Crystallising apparatus C13F0001040000 Separating crystals from mother liquors C13F0001060000 by centrifugal force C13F0001080000 Washing residual mother liquor from crystals C13F0001100000 in centrifuges C13F0001120000 Recycling mother liquor or wash liquors C13F0001140000 Dissolving and refining raw sugar C13F0003000000 Miscellaneous sugar products (sucrose syrups A23L0001080000;glucose-containing syrups C13K0001000000) C13F0003020000 formed by moulding sugar C13F0005000000 Drying sugar (storing sugar B65);; C13G EVAPORATION APPARATUS; BOILING PANS C13G0001000000 Evaporators or boiling pans adapted to be specially applicable for sugar solutions C13G0001020000 Heating equipment C13G0001040000 Other details, e.g. for preventing foaming for catching juice C13G0001060000 combined with measuring instruments for effecting control of the process C13H CUTTING MACHINES FOR SUGAR; COMBINED CUTTING, SORTING AND PACKING MACHINES FOR SUGAR C13H0001000000 Combined cutting, sorting and packing machines for sugar C13H0003000000 Cutting machines for sugar C13J EXTRACTION OF SUGAR FROM MOLASSES C13J0001000000 Production of saccharose from final molasses C13J0001020000 by chemical means C13J0001040000 by precipitation as alkaline earth metal saccharates C13J0001060000 using ion exchange C13J0001080000 by physical means, e.g. osmosis C13K GLUCOSE; INVERT SUGAR; LACTOSE; MALTOSE; OTHER SUGARS (chemical synthesis of sugars C07C0047180000);; C13K0001000000 Glucose; Glucose-containing syrups C13K0001020000 by saccharification of cellulosic materials (manufacture of fodder A23K0001120000);; C13K0001040000 Purifying C13K0001060000 by saccharification of starch or raw materials containing starch C13K0001080000 Purifying C13K0001100000 Crystallisation C13K0003000000 Invert sugar C13K0005000000 Lactose C13K0007000000 Maltose C13K0009000000 Other sugars, e.g. fructose, mannose C13L STARCH; DEXTRINE; SIMILAR CARBOHYDRATES (biological synthesis of starch or dextran C12;compositions based on starch or its derivatives or its degradation products, e.g. dextrine, C08B0025020000) C13L0001000000 Extraction and purification of starch, including concentration of starch suspensions C13L0001020000 Preparatory treatment, e.g. crushing of raw materials (machines for preliminary washing A23N);; C13L0001040000 Drying; Forming C13L0001060000 Working-up residues from the starch extraction C13L0001080000 Modified or degraded starch; Bleaching of starch (starch derivatives C08B);; C13L0001100000 Dextrin C13L0003000000 Extraction and purification of other reserve carbohydrates, e.g. glycogen, inulin, laminarin C14 SKINS; HIDES; PELTS; LEATHER C14B MECHANICAL TREATMENT AND PROCESSING OF SKINS, HIDES, AND LEATHER IN GENERAL; PELT-SHEARING MACHINES; INTESTINE-SPLITTING MACHINES (making leather substitutes B29J0001040000, D06N;making articles from leather B68F; mechanical cleaning of hides or the like D06G; artificial leather D06N) C14B0001000000 Manufacture of leather; Machines or devices therefor C14B0001020000 Fleshing, unhairing, samming, stretching-out, setting-out, shaving, splitting, or skiving skins, hides, or leather C14B0001040000 using slicking, scraping, or smoothing-out cylinders or blades fixed on supports, e.g. cylinders, in a plane substantially at right angles to the working surface C14B0001060000 in machines in which the working piece is maintained in contact with the working tools solely by means of rolls C14B0001080000 in machines with flexible bands as bed supporting or counter-pressure elements C14B0001100000 in machines with drums with cylindrical, conical, or similar surfaces for supporting the whole working piece C14B0001120000 in machines with plane supporting bed-plates C14B0001140000 using tools cutting the skin in a plane substantially parallel to its surface C14B0001160000 using fixed or reciprocating or oscillating knives C14B0001180000 using band knives C14B0001200000 using circular dished or coned knives C14B0001220000 using cylindrical knives C14B0001240000 Cutting or shearing hairs without cutting the skin (shearing furs and plucking hairs for fur manufacturing purposes C14B0015020000);; C14B0001260000 Leather tensioning or stretching frames; Stretching-machines; Setting-out boards; Pasting boards (pasting processes C14B0001600000;fastening devices C14B0017080000) C14B0001280000 Machines for treating leather combined with devices for measuring and printing C14B0001300000 Pressing or rolling leather C14B0001320000 by linear movement of the pressing elements C14B0001340000 by rotating movement of the pressing or rolling elements C14B0001360000 Bridge leather-rolling machines C14B0001380000 Hammering leather C14B0001400000 Softening or making skins or leather supple, e.g. by staking, boarding, or crippling machines, by dry mills C14B0001420000 by means of a rotatable drum with radial blades C14B0001440000 Mechanical treatment of leather surfaces C14B0001460000 Fluffing, buffing or sanding C14B0001480000 Roughening (by sanding C14B0001460000);; C14B0001500000 Glazing C14B0001520000 Brushing or plush-wheeling C14B0001540000 Ironing (pressing or rolling C14B0001300000);; C14B0001560000 Ornamenting, producing designs, embossing (pressing or rolling in general C14B0001300000;producing designs on furs C14B0015120000) C14B0001580000 Drying C14B0001600000 Pasting processes (pasting boards C14B0001260000;chemical part C14C0007000000) C14B0001620000 Winding or stacking hides or leather C14B0003000000 Milling leather C14B0005000000 Clicking, perforating, or cutting leather (apparatus not specially adapted for leather B26D);; C14B0005020000 Stamps or dies for leather articles (for shoe uppers A43D0007000000);; C14B0005040000 for making leather belts or strips C14B0005060000 Machines for cutting strips spirally from discs of leather C14B0007000000 Special leathers and their manufacture C14B0007020000 Composite leathers (with one or more laminae of plastics material B32B);; C14B0007040000 by cementing or pressing together leather pieces, strips, or layers; Reinforcing or stiffening leather by means of reinforcing layers C14B0007060000 Leather webs built up of interengaged strips or pieces, e.g. by braiding C14B0009000000 Making driving belts or other leather belts or strips C14B0011000000 Finishing the edges of leather pieces, e.g. by folding, by burning (milling C14B0003000000);; C14B0013000000 Shredding hides or leather (in general B02C);; C14B0015000000 Mechanical treatment of furs C14B0015020000 Shearing; Removing dead or coarse hairs or bristles by shearing or plucking C14B0015040000 Fur dressing C14B0015060000 Fur-stretching devices C14B0015080000 Application of reinforcing or stiffening layers to fur skins C14B0015100000 Cutting furs; Making fur plates or strips C14B0015120000 Finishing, e.g. pointing furs; Producing designs or patterns C14B0017000000 Details of apparatus or machines for manufacturing or treating skins, hides, leather, or furs C14B0017020000 Blading cylinders or other working cylinders, e.g. slicking or scraping cylinders C14B0017040000 Work-supports or other counter-pressing elements; Bed rolls or counter-pressing rolls C14B0017060000 Work feeding or clamping devices C14B0017080000 Fastening devices, e.g. clips for leather-stretching C14B0017100000 Arrangements for driving parts of leather-working machines C14B0017120000 Safety devices specially adapted for leather-working machines C14B0017140000 Auxiliary devices for leather-working machines, e.g. grinding devices for blading cylinders or dust-removal devices combined with the working machines C14B0019000000 Hand tools specially adapted for the treatment of hides, skins, or leather in the manufacture of leather and furs (equipment and tools for saddlery B68C);; C14B0021000000 Splitting intestines; Cutting intestines longitudinally (cleaning or cutting intestines during processing of meat A22C);; C14C CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF HIDES, SKINS AND LEATHER, e.g. TANNING, IMPREGNATING, FINISHING; APPARATUS THEREFOR; COMPOSITIONS FOR TANNING (dyeing and bleaching of leather or furs D06);; C14C0001000000 Chemical treatment prior to tanning C14C0001020000 Curing raw hides C14C0001040000 Soaking C14C0001060000 Facilitating unhairing, e.g. by painting, by liming C14C0001080000 Deliming; Bating; Pickling; Degreasing C14C0003000000 Tanning; Compositions for tanning C14C0003020000 Chemical tanning C14C0003040000 Mineral tanning C14C0003060000 using chromium compounds C14C0003080000 by organic agents C14C0003100000 Vegetable tanning C14C0003120000 using purified or modified vegetable tanning agents C14C0003140000 Fat tanning; Oil tanning C14C0003160000 using aliphatic aldehydes C14C0003180000 using polycondensation products or precursors thereof C14C0003200000 sulphonated C14C0003220000 using polymerisation products C14C0003240000 using lignin derivatives, e.g. sulphate liquor C14C0003260000 using other organic substances, containing halogen C14C0003280000 Multi-step processes C14C0003300000 using physical means combined with chemical means C14C0003320000 Recovering tanning agents from leather C14C0005000000 Degreasing leather C14C0007000000 Pasting processes (chemical part) C14C0009000000 Impregnating leather for preserving, waterproofing, making resistant to heat or similar purposes C14C0009020000 using fatty or oily materials, e.g. fat liquoring C14C0009040000 Fixing tanning agents in the leather C14C0011000000 Surface finishing of leather C14C0013000000 Manufacture of special kinds of leather, e.g. vellum (chamois tanning C14C0003140000);; C14C0013020000 Manufacture of technical leather C14C0015000000 Apparatus for chemical treatment or washing of hides, skins, or leather C21 METALLURGY OF IRON C21B MANUFACTURE OF IRON AND STEEL C21B0001000000 Pretreatment of iron ores of ferrous material for the production of iron (pretreatment of ores in general C22B;washing and separating of ores B03; furnaces, sintering apparatus F27B) C21B0001020000 Methods of roasting (C21B0001100000 takes precedence);; C21B0001040000 Removing sulphur, phosphorus, arsenic, other than by roasting C21B0001060000 Partial reduction, i.e. to a lower state of oxidation C21B0001080000 Agglomerating, binding, or briquetting iron ores, or intermediate products, e.g. flue dust C21B0001100000 Sintering C21B0001120000 in tunnel furnaces C21B0001140000 in shaft furnaces C21B0001160000 in rotary furnaces C21B0001180000 in other apparatus, e.g. pots, sintering machines C21B0001200000 Binding or briquetting C21B0001220000 with binders C21B0001240000 inorganic C21B0001260000 organic C21B0001280000 with carbonaceous material for the production of coked agglomerates C21B0001300000 of ferrous waste or alloys C21B0003000000 General features in the manufacture of pig-iron (mixers for pig-iron C21C0001060000);; C21B0003020000 by applying additives, e.g. fluxing agents C21B0003040000 Recovery of by-products, e.g. slag C21B0003060000 Treatment of liquid slag (slag wool C03B;slag stones C04B) C21B0003080000 Cooling slag C21B0003100000 Slag pots; Slag cars C21B0005000000 Making pig-iron in the blast furnace C21B0005020000 Making special pig-iron, e.g. by applying additives, e.g. oxides of other metals C21B0005040000 Making slag of special composition C21B0005060000 Using top gas in the blast furnace process (in coke ovens C10B);; C21B0007000000 Blast furnaces (lifts associated with blast furnaces B66B0009060000);; C21B0007020000 Internal forms C21B0007040000 with special refractories (refractory materials C04B);; C21B0007060000 Linings for furnaces C21B0007080000 Top armourings C21B0007100000 Cooling; Devices therefor C21B0007120000 Opening or sealing the tap holes C21B0007140000 Discharging devices, e.g. for slag C21B0007160000 Tuyères C21B0007180000 Bell-and-hopper arrangements C21B0007200000 with appliances for distributing the burden C21B0007220000 Dust arresters C21B0007240000 Test rods or other checking devices C21B0009000000 Stoves for heating the blast in blast furnaces C21B0009020000 Brick hot-blast stoves C21B0009040000 with combustion shaft C21B0009060000 Linings C21B0009080000 Iron hot-blast stoves C21B0009100000 Other details, e.g. blast mains C21B0009120000 Hot-blast valves or slides for blast furnaces (valves in general F16K);; C21B0009140000 Preheating the combustion air C21B0009160000 Cooling or drying the hot-blast C21B0011000000 Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces C21B0011020000 in low shaft furnaces C21B0011060000 in rotary kilns C21B0011080000 in hearth-type furnaces C21B0011100000 in electric furnaces C21B0013000000 Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes C21B0013020000 in shaft furnaces C21B0013040000 in retorts C21B0013060000 in multi-storied furnaces C21B0013080000 in rotary furnaces C21B0013100000 in hearth-type furnaces C21B0013120000 in electric furnaces C21B0013140000 Multi-stage processes C21B0015000000 Other processes for the manufacture of iron from iron compounds (by electrolysis C22D0001240000);; C21B0015020000 Metallothermic processes, e.g. thermit reduction C21B0015040000 from iron carbonyl C21C PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON AND STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS (refining metals in general C22B0009000000);; C21C0001000000 Refining of pig-iron; Cast iron C21C0001020000 Dephosphorising or desulphurising C21C0001040000 Removing impurities other than carbon, phosphorus, and sulphur C21C0001060000 Constructional features of mixers for pig-iron C21C0001080000 Manufacture of cast-iron C21C0001100000 Making spheroidal graphite cast-iron C21C0003000000 Manufacture of wrought-iron or wrought-steel C21C0005000000 Manufacture of carbon steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel, or cast-steel C21C0005020000 Crucible furnace process C21C0005040000 Manufacture of hearth-furnace steel, e.g. Siemens-Marten steel C21C0005060000 Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C0005280000 Manufacture of steel in the converter C21C0005300000 Regulating or controlling the blowing C21C0005320000 Blowing from above C21C0005340000 Blowing through the bath C21C0005360000 Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C0005380000 Removal of waste gases or dust C21C0005400000 Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust C21C0005420000 Constructional features of converters C21C0005440000 Refractory linings C21C0005460000 Details or accessories C21C0005480000 Bottoms or tuyères of converters C21C0005500000 Tilting mechanisms for converters C21C0005520000 Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces C21C0005540000 Processes yielding slags of special composition C21C0005560000 Manufacture of steel by other methods (making liquid steel by direct processes C21B0013000000);; C21C0007000000 Treatment in the molten state of steel, steel alloys, or ferrous alloys C21C0007020000 Dephosphorising (C21C0005280000 takes precedence);;Desulphurising C21C0007040000 Removing other impurities C21C0007060000 Deoxidising C21C0007080000 Killing C21C0007100000 Handling in vacuum C21D HARDENING AND ANNEALING OF STEEL, IRON, OR ARTICLES MADE THEREFROM; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING MALLEABLE BY DECARBURISATION, TEMPERING, OR OTHER TREATMENTS (cementation by diffusion processes C23C);; C21D0001000000 General methods or devices for heat treatments, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching, tempering C21D0001020000 Hardening articles or materials formed by forging or rolling, with no further heating beyond that required for the formation C21D0001040000 with simultaneous application of supersonic waves, magnetic or electric fields C21D0001060000 Surface hardening by heating C21D0001080000 with flames C21D0001100000 by electric induction C21D0001120000 Apparatus therefor C21D0001180000 Tempering C21D0001200000 Bainitic hardening C21D0001220000 Martempering C21D0001240000 Low tempering C21D0001260000 Methods of annealing C21D0001280000 Normalising C21D0001300000 Stress-relieving C21D0001320000 Soft annealing C21D0001340000 Methods of heating (C21D0001060000 takes precedence);; C21D0001380000 Heating by cathodic discharges C21D0001400000 Direct resistance heating C21D0001420000 Induction heating C21D0001440000 in heat-treatment baths C21D0001460000 Salt baths C21D0001480000 Metal baths C21D0001500000 Oil baths C21D0001520000 with flames C21D0001540000 Determining when the hardening temperature has been reached by measurement of magnetic or electrical properties C21D0001560000 with special quenching agents C21D0001580000 oils C21D0001600000 aqueous agents C21D0001620000 Quenching devices C21D0001640000 with circulating liquids (in general F28D);; C21D0001660000 combined with induction heating C21D0001680000 Protective coatings for locally preventing heat-treatment C21D0001700000 whilst heating and quenching C21D0001720000 during chemical change of surfaces C21D0001740000 Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum, or pulverulent material (production of gases C01, C10);; C21D0001760000 Adjusting the composition of the atmosphere C21D0001780000 Combined heat-treatments not previously covered, to produce special technological properties C21D0001800000 Hardening, combined with annealing between 300° and 600°C, i.e. heat refining (Vergüten) C21D0001820000 Descaling by thermal stresses (mechanically B21, B23;chemically C23) C21D0003000000 Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor (local protective coatings C21D0001720000;furnaces in general F27) C21D0003020000 Extraction of non-metals C21D0003040000 Decarburising C21D0003060000 Extraction of hydrogen C21D0003080000 Extraction of nitrogen C21D0003100000 Furnaces therefor C21D0005000000 Heat treatments of cast-iron C21D0005020000 improving the malleability of grey cast-iron C21D0005040000 of white cast-iron C21D0005060000 Malleabilising C21D0005080000 with oxidation of carbon C21D0005100000 in gaseous agents C21D0005120000 in solid agents C21D0005140000 Graphitising C21D0005160000 Packing agents C21D0007000000 Modifying the physical properties of iron or steel by deformation (apparatus for mechanical working of metal B21, B23, B24, e.g. shot-peening B24C);; C21D0007020000 by cold working C21D0007040000 of the surface C21D0007060000 by shot-peening or the like C21D0007080000 by burnishing or the like C21D0007100000 of the whole cross-section, e.g. of concrete reinforcing bars C21D0007120000 by expanding tubular bodies C21D0007130000 by hot working C21D0007140000 by hot working combined with a heat treatment (treating with no heat other than that of shaping C21D0001020000;hot working methods in general B21) C21D0009000000 Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching, tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor (furnaces in general F27);; C21D0009020000 for springs C21D0009040000 for rails (apparatus for heat treatment of railway rails on the spot E01B0031180000);; C21D0009060000 with diminished tendency to become wavy C21D0009080000 for tubular bodies or pipes C21D0009100000 shotgun barrels C21D0009120000 barrels for ordnance C21D0009140000 wear- or pressure-resistant pipes C21D0009160000 for explosive shells C21D0009180000 for knives, scythes, scissors, or like hand cutting tools C21D0009200000 for blades for skates C21D0009220000 for drills; for milling cutters; for machine cutting tools C21D0009240000 for saw blades C21D0009260000 for needles; for teeth for card-clothing C21D0009280000 for plain shafts C21D0009300000 for crankshafts; for camshafts C21D0009320000 for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like C21D0009340000 for tyres; for rims C21D0009360000 for balls; for rollers C21D0009380000 for roll bodies C21D0009400000 for rings; for bearing races C21D0009420000 for armour plate C21D0009440000 for equipment for lining mine shafts, e.g. segments, rings, props C21D0009460000 for sheet metals C21D0009480000 deep-drawing sheets C21D0009500000 for welded joints C21D0009520000 for wires; for strips C21D0009540000 Furnaces for treating strips or wire C21D0009560000 Continuous furnaces for strip or wire C21D0009580000 with heating by baths C21D0009600000 with induction heating C21D0009620000 with direct resistance heating C21D0009640000 Patenting furnaces C21D0009660000 Tower-type furnaces C21D0009680000 Furnace coilers; Hot coilers (cold coilers B21C);; C21D0009700000 Furnaces for ingots, i.e. soaking pits C22 METALLURGY (of iron C21);;FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR OF NON-FERROUS METALS C22B PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS (electrothermic C22D);;PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS C22B0001000000 Preliminary treatment of ores in general (furnaces, sintering apparatus F27B);; C22B0001020000 Roasting processes (C22B0001160000 takes precedence);; C22B0001040000 Blast roasting C22B0001060000 Sulphating roasting C22B0001080000 Chloridising roasting C22B0001100000 in fluidised form C22B0001120000 Forming intermediary products, other than oxides, sulphates, chlorides, otherwise than by roasting C22B0001140000 Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating C22B0001160000 Sintering; Agglomerating C22B0001180000 in sinter pots C22B0001200000 in sintering machines with movable grates C22B0001220000 in other sintering apparatus C22B0001240000 Binding; Briquetting C22B0001260000 Cooling of roasted, sintered, or agglomerated ores C22B0003000000 Extraction of metal compounds from ores by wet methods C22B0003020000 Apparatus therefor C22B0005000000 General methods of reducing to metals C22B0005020000 Dry methods C22B0005040000 by aluminium, other metals, or silicon C22B0005060000 by carbides or the like C22B0005080000 by sulphides; Roasting reaction methods C22B0005100000 by solid carbonaceous reducing agents C22B0005120000 by gases C22B0005140000 fluidised material C22B0005160000 with volatilisation or condensation of the metal being produced C22B0005180000 Reducing step-by-step C22B0005200000 from metal carbonyls C22B0007000000 Working-up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals or compounds thereof C22B0007020000 Working-up flue dust C22B0007040000 Working-up slag C22B0009000000 General methods of refining metals C22B0009020000 by liquating, filtering, centrifuging, distilling, supersonic wave action, or other non-chemical methods C22B0009040000 by applying a vacuum C22B0009060000 by poling C22B0009080000 by chemical means C22B0009100000 with fluxing and refining agents C22B0009120000 Refining molten metals C22B0009140000 in the solid state C22B0011000000 Obtaining noble metals C22B0011020000 by dry processes C22B0011040000 by wet processes C22B0011060000 chloridising C22B0011080000 by cyaniding C22B0011100000 by amalgamating C22B0011120000 Apparatus therefor C22B0013000000 Obtaining lead C22B0013020000 by dry processes C22B0013040000 by wet processes C22B0013060000 Refining C22B0013080000 Separating metals from lead by precipitating, e.g. by Parkes process C22B0013100000 Separating metals from lead by crystallising, e.g. by Pattison process C22B0015000000 Obtaining copper C22B0015020000 in blast furnaces C22B0015040000 in reverberatory furnaces C22B0015060000 in converters C22B0015080000 with leaching with acids and salt solutions C22B0015100000 with leaching with ammonia or ammonia-salt solutions C22B0015120000 by precipitating from solutions C22B0015140000 Refining C22B0017000000 Obtaining cadmium C22B0017020000 by dry process C22B0017040000 by wet process C22B0017060000 Refining C22B0019000000 Obtaining zinc or zinc oxide C22B0019020000 Preliminary treatment of ores; Preliminary refining of zinc oxide C22B0019040000 Obtaining zinc by distilling C22B0019060000 in muffle furnaces C22B0019080000 in blast furnaces C22B0019100000 in reverberatory furnaces C22B0019120000 in crucible furnaces C22B0019140000 in vertical retorts C22B0019160000 Distilling vessels C22B0019180000 Condensers; Receiving vessels C22B0019200000 Obtaining zinc otherwise than by distilling C22B0019220000 with leaching with acids C22B0019240000 with leaching with alkaline solutions, e.g. ammonia C22B0019260000 Refining solutions obtained by leaching zinc ores C22B0019280000 from muffle furnace residues C22B0019300000 from metallic residues or scraps C22B0019320000 Refining zinc C22B0019340000 Obtaining zinc oxide (purifying zinc oxide C01G);; C22B0019360000 in blast or reverberatory furnaces C22B0019380000 in rotary furnaces C22B0021000000 Obtaining aluminium C22B0021020000 with reducing C22B0021040000 with alkali metals C22B0021060000 Refining C22B0023000000 Obtaining nickel or cobalt C22B0023020000 by dry processess C22B0023040000 by wet processes C22B0023060000 Refining C22B0025000000 Obtaining tin C22B0025020000 by dry processes C22B0025040000 by wet processes C22B0025060000 from scrap, especially tin scrap (detinning electrolytically C22D0001200000);; C22B0025080000 Refining C22B0027000000 Alkali metals C22B0029000000 Alkaline-earth metals C22B0031000000 Antimony C22B0033000000 Arsenic C22B0035000000 Beryllium C22B0037000000 Bismuth C22B0039000000 Chromium C22B0041000000 Germanium C22B0043000000 Mercury C22B0045000000 Magnesium C22B0047000000 Manganese C22B0049000000 Molybdenum C22B0051000000 Columbium and/or tantalum C22B0053000000 Titanium C22B0055000000 Vanadium C22B0057000000 Tungsten C22B0059000000 Metals of the rare earths C22B0061000000 Other metals not mentioned before in subclass C22B; (iron C21);; C22B0061020000 Zirconium; Hafnium C22B0061040000 Thorium, uranium, plutonium, and other actinides C22B0061060000 Gallium; Indium C22C NON-FERROUS ALLOYS (heat treatment thereof C22F);;FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT THEREOF C22C0001000000 Making alloys (powder-metallurgical apparatus or processes, not specially modified for making alloys B22F;by electrolysis or electrothermic methods C22D) C22C0001020000 by melting C22C0001040000 by pressing or sintering (C22C0001080000 takes precedence;working metallic powder B22F) C22C0001050000 Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder (C22C0001080000 take precedence);; C22C0001060000 with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising C22C0001080000 Alloys with open or closed pores C22C0001100000 Alloys containing non-metals (C22C0001080000 takes precedence);; C22C0003000000 Removing material from alloys to produce alloys of different constitution C22C0005000000 Alloys with noble metals as the most important constituent C22C0007000000 Alloys based on mercury, i.e. amalgams C22C0009000000 Alloys based on copper C22C0009020000 with tin as a principal alloying element (C22C0009060000, C22C0009080000, C22C0009100000 take precedence);; C22C0009040000 with zinc as a principal alloying element (C22C0009060000, C22C0009080000, C22C0009100000 take precedence);; C22C0009060000 with nickel or cobalt as a principal alloying element (C22C0009080000, C22C0009100000 take precedence);; C22C0009080000 with lead as a principal alloying element (C22C0009100000 take precedence);; C22C0009100000 with silicon as a principal alloying element C22C0011000000 Alloys based on lead C22C0011020000 with alkali or alkaline earth metals C22C0013000000 Alloys based on tin C22C0015000000 Alloys based on titanium or zirconium C22C0017000000 Alloys based on zinc or cadmium C22C0019000000 Alloys based on nickel or cobalt C22C0019020000 Hard alloys; Stellites C22C0019040000 with high creep-resistance C22C0021000000 Alloys based on aluminium C22C0021020000 with silicon C22C0021040000 Modified aluminium-silicon alloys C22C0023000000 Alloys based on magnesium C22C0025000000 Alloys based on beryllium C22C0027000000 Alloys based on high-melting or refractory metals not previously mentioned in sub-class C22C; (C22C0029000000 takes precedence);; C22C0029000000 Hard alloys based on carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides C22C0031000000 Non-ferrous alloys not mentioned before in sub-class ; C22C C22C0031020000 containing small quantities of radioactive materials C22C0031040000 containing less than 50% of non-metallic refractory materials (C22C0029000000 takes precedence;refractories containing 50% or more of non-metallic materials C04B) C22C0033000000 General methods for making ferrous alloys C22C0033020000 by pressing or sintering C22C0035000000 Master alloys used for iron and steel C22C0037000000 Cast-iron alloys; Treatments thereof C22C0037020000 for making malleable castings C22C0037040000 for making castings containing spheroidal graphite C22C0037060000 containing chromium as an essential alloying element (C22C0037020000, C22C0037040000 take precedence);; C22C0037080000 containing chromium and nickel C22C0037100000 containing aluminium or substantial amounts of silicon as essential alloying elements C22C0039000000 Steel alloys; Other ferrous alloys; Treatments thereof C22C0039020000 containing aluminium as an essential alloying elements C22C0039040000 containing aluminium and silicon as an essential alloying elements C22C0039060000 Uses requiring resistance to heat, scaling, or corrosion C22C0039080000 containing cobalt as an essential alloying element C22C0039100000 containing cobalt and nickel C22C0039120000 Uses requiring special magnetic properties C22C0039140000 containing chromium as an essential alloying element (C22C0039200000, C22C0039260000 take precedence);; C22C0039160000 containing 12% or more of chromium C22C0039180000 Uses requiring resistance to scaling or corrosion C22C0039200000 containing chromium an nickel as essential alloying elements (C22C0039260000 takes precedence);; C22C0039220000 Uses requiring resistance to scaling or corrosion C22C0039240000 Uses requiring special electric or magnetic properties C22C0039260000 containing chromium and manganese as essential alloying elements C22C0039280000 Uses requiring resistance to abrasion C22C0039300000 containing manganese as essential alloying element (C22C0039260000 takes precedence);; C22C0039320000 containing 10% or more of manganese C22C0039340000 Uses requiring resistance to abrasion C22C0039360000 containing nickel as essential alloying element (C22C0039100000 and C22C0039200000 take precedence);; C22C0039380000 Uses requiring special electric or magnetic properties C22C0039400000 containing 10% or more of nickel C22C0039420000 Uses requiring resistance to corrosion C22C0039440000 containing silicon as an essential alloying element (C22C0039040000 takes precedence);; C22C0039460000 Uses requiring special electric or magnetic properties C22C0039480000 Uses requiring resistance to scaling or corrosion C22C0039500000 containing tungsten, molybdenum, or vanadium as essential alloying element(s) C22C0039520000 adapted for high speed tools C22C0039540000 containing other elements as essential alloying element(s) C22C0041000000 Heat treatment of ferrous alloys C22C0041020000 Hardening by precipitation C22C0041040000 Hardening by cooling below 0 °C C22D ELECTROLYTIC AND ELECTROTHERMIC PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS C22D0001000000 Obtaining metals or alloys by electrolysis of solutions (depositing metals by galvanisation C23B);; C22D0001020000 Apparatus (electrodes or diaphragms for general electrolytic purposes B01K;electrodes for batteries H01M; for galvanisation C23B) C22D0001040000 with a mercury cathode C22D0001060000 alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, beryllium, aluminium, or magnesium C22D0001080000 Apparatus therefor C22D0001100000 heavy metals, C22D0001120000 gold; silver; platinum metals C22D0001140000 nickel, cobalt C22D0001160000 copper C22D0001180000 tin C22D0001200000 Detinning (chemical detinning C22B0025060000);; C22D0001220000 zinc; cadmium C22D0001240000 iron, lead, chromium, manganese, or other heavy metals C22D0001260000 alloys C22D0003000000 Obtaining metals or alloys by electrolysis in fused electrolytes C22D0003020000 Apparatus C22D0003040000 light metals C22D0003060000 alkali or alkaline-earth metals C22D0003080000 magnesium C22D0003100000 beryllium C22D0003120000 aluminium C22D0003140000 heavy metals C22D0003160000 lead C22D0003180000 magnese C22D0003200000 alloys C22D0005000000 Obtaining metal powders or porous metal masses by electrolysis C22D0007000000 Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys (obtaining iron and steel C21B, C21C);; C22D0007020000 light metals C22D0007040000 heavy metals C22D0007060000 alloys C22D0007080000 Apparatus (electric heating elements H05B);; C22F CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS C22F0001000000 Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working (apparatus for mechanical working of metal B21, B23, B24, e.g. shot-peening apparatus B24C);; C22F0001020000 in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum (adjusting the composition of the atmosphere C21D0001760000);; C22F0001040000 of aluminium or alloys based thereon C22F0001060000 of magnesium or alloys based thereon C22F0001080000 of copper or alloys based thereon C22F0001100000 of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon C22F0001110000 of chromium or alloys based thereon C22F0001120000 of lead or alloys based thereon C22F0001140000 of noble metals or alloys based thereon C22F0001160000 of other metals or alloys based thereon C22F0001180000 high-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon C22F0003000000 Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by special physical methods, e.g. treatment with neutrons C22F0003020000 by solidifying a melt controlled by supersonic waves or electric or magnetic fields C23 WORKING AND TREATMENT OF METALS, OTHER THAN BY MECHANICAL MEANS; COVERING MATERIALS WITH METALS (decorating textiles by metallising D06Q0001040000);;INHIBITING CORROSION OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL C23B ELECTROLYTIC SURFACE TREATMENT OF OR WITH METALS, e.g. ELECTROPLATING (Electrolytic processes or apparatus in general B01K);;ELECTROLIFORMING; COATING METALS BY ELECTROPHORESIS C23B0001000000 Electrochemical processes and apparatus for removing non-metallic substances from metal articles, including pickling (C23B0005680000 takes precedence;cleaning or pickling by chemical means C23G) C23B0001020000 with electrical contact between the article and another metal in a solution and without externally applied e.m.f. C23B0001040000 Electrolytic degreasing C23B0001060000 Electrolytic pickling C23B0003000000 Electrolytic etching or polishing C23B0003020000 Etching C23B0003040000 locally (using electro-erosion technique B23P0001000000);; C23B0003060000 Polishing C23B0003080000 heavy metals C23B0003100000 light metals C23B0003120000 Apparatus (C23B0005680000 takes precedence);; C23B0005000000 Electrolytic deposition of metals (electroforming C23B0007000000;by direct action of high concentrations of electric current applied by tool-like devices B23P0001180000) C23B0005020000 Contact electoplating processes C23B0005040000 of iron C23B0005060000 of chromium C23B0005080000 of nickel or cobalt C23B0005100000 of zinc or cadmium C23B0005120000 from acid baths C23B0005140000 of tin C23B0005160000 of lead C23B0005180000 of copper C23B0005200000 from acid baths C23B0005220000 of light metals C23B0005240000 of noble metals C23B0005260000 of silver C23B0005280000 of gold C23B0005300000 of metals not mentioned before C23B0005320000 of alloys C23B0005340000 containing more than 50% of copper C23B0005360000 of brass C23B0005380000 of alloys containing more than 50 % tin C23B0005400000 of alloys containing more than 50 % lead C23B0005420000 of alloys containing more than 50 % gold C23B0005440000 of alloys containing more than 50 % silver C23B0005460000 in the presence of organic brightening agents C23B0005480000 Special features in the process C23B0005500000 Depositing more than one layer of the same or of different metals C23B0005520000 Thermal after-treatment C23B0005540000 Making coatings with varying thickness C23B0005560000 Electroplating tubes C23B0005580000 Electroplating wire or matel bands C23B0005600000 for coating articles having surfaces to which coatings cannot be readily applied C23B0005620000 by pre-treatment of the articles C23B0005640000 Applying conductive coatings to non-metallic articles for electroplating purposes (metal coatings on glass C03C0017060000);; C23B0005660000 Using protective surface layers on electrolytic baths C23B0005680000 Apparatus specially adapted for electroplating purposes (apparatus for continuously conveying articles in baths, automatic conveyers B65G);; C23B0005700000 Suspending or supporting devices; Racks C23B0005720000 Electrodes C23B0005740000 Shape C23B0005760000 for electroplating by hand C23B0005780000 Horizontal barrels; Oblique barrels; Oscillating cradile plates C23B0007000000 Electroforming C23B0007020000 Making tubes C23B0007040000 Making wire, bands, or foils C23B0007060000 Making wholly-metallic mirrors C23B0007080000 Making easily-removable coatings; Removing the coatings C23B0009000000 Forming oxide layers on metals by anodising C23B0009020000 on aluminium or aluminium alloys C23B0009040000 on sliding-clasp fasteners C23B0009060000 on magnesium or magnesium alloys C23B0011000000 Forming non-metallic layers including metal oxide layers on metals by electrochemical processes (by anodising metals C23B0009000000);; C23B0011020000 on light metals C23B0013000000 Coating of metals by electrophoresis C23C APPARATUS AND PROCESSES FOR WHICH PROVISION IS NOT MADE ELSEWHERE, e.g. IN CLASSES ; B05, B44, C03C, C08, OR IN C23B, C23D, C23F, F27B, FOR COVERING METALS OR COVERING MATERIALS WITH METALSDIFFUSION PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALS C23C0001000000 Covering by treatment with liquid metal, e.g. hot dipping processes (metal spraying C23C0007000000);; C23C0001020000 Covering with zinc or cadmium or alloys thereof C23C0001040000 Covering with tin or alloys thereof C23C0001060000 Covering with lead or alloys thereof C23C0001080000 Covering with aluminium or alloys thereof C23C0001100000 Covering with other metals or alloys C23C0001120000 Fluxes or coverings for molten metal baths C23C0001140000 Apparatus (furnaces F27);; C23C0001160000 Rubbing the surface with the molten metal C23C0003000000 Covering with metals by treatment with solutions or suspensions of metal compounds C23C0003020000 in the presence of reducing agents C23C0003040000 followed by thermal decomposition of the metal compound C23C0005000000 Cladding (mechanical part in the appropriate metal-working classes, e.g. B23P0003000000);; C23C0007000000 Metal spraying C23C0009000000 Cementation by diffusion processes using solids or liquids C23C0009020000 Box coating with metals, i.e. heating the workpiece in metal dust C23C0009040000 Box coating with substances other than metals C23C0009060000 Box carburising C23C0009080000 of iron C23C0009100000 Cementation by hot dipping in molten salts, e.g. carburising, nitriding, carbo-nitriding C23C0009120000 Carburising iron C23C0009140000 Nitriding iron C23C0009160000 Carbo-nitriding iron C23C0011000000 Gas plating by thermal decomposition or reduction of gases on heated surfaces or by glow or arc discharge followed by diffusion into the surfaces C23C0011020000 to form metal coatings, e.g. by carbonyl processes C23C0011040000 Chromising C23C0011060000 Siliconising C23C0011080000 to form coatings of inorganic compounds of metals C23C0011100000 Gas carburising C23C0011120000 of iron C23C0011140000 Gas nitriding; Gas carbo-nitriding C23C0011160000 Nitriding iron C23C0011180000 Carbo-nitriding iron C23C0013000000 Forming coatings on metals by condensation of vapours, e.g. in vacuo; Forming coatings on materials by condensation of metal vapours C23C0013020000 coatings of metals C23C0013040000 coatings of materials other than metals C23C0013060000 Making contoured surfaces, e.g. shadow casting C23C0013080000 Apparatus (furnaces F27);; C23C0013100000 for continuous working C23C0013120000 Vapour sources, e.g. filament heaters, crucibles, electron bombardment heating apparatus (for gettering in electric discharge tubes H01J0007180000);; C23C0015000000 Cathodic sputtering; Apparatus therefor C23C0017000000 Methods not covered elsewhere for coating materials with metals C23C0017020000 by reducing non-metallic coatings to metal C23D ENAMELLING OF, AND APPLYING A VITREOUS LAYER TO, METALS (chemical composition of the enamels C03C);; C23D0001000000 Melting or fritting the enamels; Apparatus and furnaces therefor C23D0001020000 Granulating the melt; Drying the granules C23D0003000000 Chemical treatment of the metal surfaces prior to coating (cleaning and de-greasing of metallic objects C23G);; C23D0005000000 Coating with enamels or vitreous layers including applying fused refractory layers C23D0005020000 by wet methods C23D0005040000 by dry methods C23D0005060000 producing designs or letters C23D0005080000 Applying enamels non-uniformly over the surface C23D0005100000 with refractory materials C23D0007000000 Treating the coatings, e.g. drying before burning C23D0009000000 Ovens specially adapted for firing enamels C23D0009020000 Non-electric muffle furnaces C23D0009040000 Non-electric tunnel ovens C23D0009060000 Electric furnaces C23D0009080000 Supporting devices for burning-bars C23D0009100000 Loading or unloading devices C23D0011000000 Continuous processes; Apparatus therefor C23D0013000000 After-treatment of the enamelled articles C23D0013020000 Removing defects by local re-melting of the enamel; Adjusting the shape C23D0015000000 Joining enamelled articles to other enamelled articles by processes involving an enamelling step C23D0017000000 De-enamelling C23F CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALS NOT COVERED BY ; C23B; OR C23D; INHIBITING CORROSION OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL C23F0001000000 Etching metals by chemical means (manufacture of printing surfaces B41C;electrolytic etching C23B0003000000) C23F0001020000 Local etching C23F0001040000 Chemical milling C23F0001060000 Sharpening files C23F0001080000 Apparatus, e.g. for photomechanical printing surfaces (photomechanical reproduction G03F);; C23F0003000000 Brightening metals by chemical means C23F0003020000 light metals C23F0003040000 heavy metals C23F0005000000 Forming coloured layers on metal surfaces (C23F0007000000 takes precedence);; C23F0005020000 with inorganic colouring matters C23F0005040000 with organic colouring matters C23F0007000000 Forming non-metallic layers on metals by surface reactions (diffusion processes C23C);; C23F0007020000 Forming oxide layers C23F0007040000 on iron or steel C23F0007060000 on light metals C23F0007080000 Forming phosphate layers C23F0007100000 on iron or steel C23F0007120000 on copper, brass, zinc, or tin C23F0007140000 on light metals C23F0007160000 on magnesium C23F0007180000 Forming oxalate layers C23F0007200000 on iron or steel C23F0007220000 on light metals C23F0007240000 Forming sulphide layers C23F0007260000 Forming chromate layers C23F0009000000 Passivating metals C23F0009020000 iron or steel C23F0011000000 Inhibiting corrosion by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent (adding inhibitors to mineral oil, fuels, or lubricants C10;adding inhibitors to pickling solutions C23G) C23F0011020000 in air or gases by adding vapour phase inhibitors C23F0011040000 in markedly acid liquids C23F0011060000 in markedly alkaline liquids C23F0011080000 in other liquids C23F0011100000 using organic inhibitors C23F0011120000 oxygen-containing compounds C23F0011140000 nitrogen-containing compounds C23F0011160000 compounds containing sulphur or phosphorus C23F0011180000 using inorganic inhibitors C23F0013000000 Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection C23F0014000000 Inhibiting incrustation in apparatus for heating liquids for physical or chemical purposes C23F0014020000 by chemical means C23F0015000000 Other methods of preventing corrosion or incrustation C23F0017000000 Multi-step processes for chemical and/or physical, i.e. non-mechanical, surface treatment of or with metals, in which at least one step is a process covered in ; C21D, C22F; or C23 C23G CLEANING AND DE-GREASING OF METALLIC OBJECTS BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS (polishing compositions C09G;detergents in general C11D) C23G0001000000 Cleaning or pickling metals with solutions or molten salts (with organic solvents C23G0005020000);; C23G0001020000 with acid solutions C23G0001040000 using inhibitors C23G0001060000 organic inhibitors C23G0001080000 iron or steel C23G0001100000 other heavy metals C23G0001120000 light metals C23G0001140000 with alkaline solutions C23G0001160000 using inhibitors C23G0001180000 organic inhibitors C23G0001200000 heavy metals C23G0001220000 light metals C23G0001240000 with neutral solutions C23G0001260000 using inhibitors C23G0001280000 with molten salts C23G0001300000 using inhibitors C23G0001320000 heavy metals C23G0001340000 light metals C23G0001360000 Regeneration of waste pickling liquors C23G0003000000 Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metals (apparatus for continuously conveying articles into baths B65G);; C23G0003020000 for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously C23G0003040000 for cleaning pipes C23G0005000000 Cleaning or de-greasing metals by other methods C23G0005020000 using organic solvents C23G0005040000 Apparatus