B SECTION B PERFORMING OPERATIONS B01 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROCESSES AND APPARATUS (IN GENERAL) (furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts, in general F27);; B01B BOILING; BOILING APPARATUS B01B0001000000 Boiling; Boiling apparatus for physical or chemical purposes (steam generation F22;domestic boilers F24) B01B0001020000 Preventing foaming (in general B01D0019020000);; B01B0001040000 by chemical means B01B0001060000 Preventing bumping B01B0001080000 Boiling apparatus provided with reflux condenser B01D SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D;by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B; by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04) B01D0001000000 Evaporating (removal of incrustation B08B;prevention of incrustation C23F; drying solid materials or objects by evaporating liquids therefrom F26) B01D0001020000 Evaporators with heating coils B01D0001040000 Evaporators with horizontal tubes B01D0001060000 Evaporators with vertical tubes B01D0001080000 with short tubes (B01D0001120000 takes precedence);; B01D0001100000 with long tubes, e.g. Kestner evaporators (B01D0001120000 takes precedence);; B01D0001120000 and forced circulation B01D0001140000 with heated gases or vapours in contact with the liquid B01D0001160000 by spraying (B01D0001220000 takes precedence);; B01D0001180000 to obtain dry solids (B01D0001240000 takes precedence);; B01D0001200000 Sprayers (in general B05B);; B01D0001220000 by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface B01D0001240000 to obtain dry solids B01D0001260000 Multiple-effect evaporating B01D0001280000 with vapour compression B01D0001300000 Accessories for evaporators B01D0003000000 Distillation (removal of incrustation B08B;destructive distillation C10B; prevention of incrustation C23F) B01D0003020000 in boilers or batteries (discontinuous) B01D0003040000 pipe stills B01D0003060000 by sudden evaporation (flashing) B01D0003080000 in rotating vessels; Atomisation on rotating discs (B01D0003100000 takes precedence);; B01D0003100000 Vacuum distillation B01D0003120000 Cathode or molecular distillation B01D0003140000 Fractional distillation B01D0003160000 Fractionating columns in which vapour bubbles through liquid (loose filling elements B01D0053200000);; B01D0003180000 with horizontal bubble plates B01D0003200000 Bubble caps; Risers for vapour; Discharge pipes for liquid B01D0003220000 with horizontal sieve plates or grids; Construction of sieve plates or grids B01D0003240000 with sloping plates or elements mounted stepwise B01D0003260000 Fractionating columns in which vapour and liquid flow past each other, or in which the fluid is sprayed into the vapour, or in which a two-phase mixture is passed in one direction B01D0003280000 Fractionating columns with surface contact and vertical guides, e.g. film action B01D0003300000 Fractionating columns with movable parts or in which centrifugal movement is caused B01D0003320000 Other features of fractionating columns B01D0003340000 with one or more auxiliary substances B01D0003360000 Azeotropic distillation B01D0003380000 Steam distillation B01D0003400000 Extractive distillation B01D0003420000 Regulation; Control B01D0005000000 Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation (condensers F28B);; B01D0007000000 Sublimation (freeze-drying F26);; B01D0009000000 Crystallisation (making single crystals B01J0017000000);; B01D0009020000 from solutions B01D0009040000 concentrating solutions by removing frozen solvent therefrom B01D0011000000 Solvent extraction B01D0011020000 of solids B01D0011040000 of solutions which are liquid B01D0012000000 Displacing liquid, e.g. from wet solids or from dispersions of liquids or solids in liquids, by means of another fluid B01D0013000000 Processes of separation employing semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis B01D0013020000 Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis B01D0013040000 Special methods for the production of semi-permeable membranes (manufacture of films of plastics C08J, B29;manufacture of parchmentised paper D21) B01D0015000000 Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with adsorbents (ion exchange processes, absorption or adsorption in general B01J);; B01D0015020000 with moving adsorbents B01D0015040000 with ion-exchange materials as adsorbents B01D0015060000 Activation or regeneration of adsorbents B01D0015080000 Selective adsorption; Chromatography B01D0017000000 Separation of liquids, not elsewhere provided for, e.g. by thermal diffusion B01D0017020000 Separation of non-miscible liquids B01D0017040000 Breaking emulsions B01D0017060000 Separation of liquids from each other by electricity (electrostatic separation B03C);; B01D0017080000 Thickening liquid suspensions by filtration B01D0017100000 with stationary filtering elements B01D0019000000 Degasification of liquids B01D0019020000 Foam dispersion or prevention (during boiling B01B0001020000;during fermentation C12) B01D0019040000 by addition of chemical substances B01D0021000000 Separation of suspended particles from liquids by sedimentation (differential sedimentation B03D0003000000);; B01D0021010000 Using flocculating agents B01D0021020000 Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid B01D0021040000 with moving scrapers B01D0021060000 with rotating scrapers B01D0021080000 provided with flocculating compartments B01D0021100000 Settling tanks with multiple outlets for the separated liquids B01D0021120000 with moving scrapers B01D0021140000 with rotating scrapers B01D0021160000 provided with flocculating compartments B01D0021180000 Construction of the scrapers or the driving mechanisms for settling tanks B01D0021200000 Driving mechanisms B01D0021220000 Safety mechanisms B01D0021240000 Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks B01D0021260000 Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B;cyclones B04C) B01D0023000000 Gravity filters (with moving filtering elements B01D0033180000);; B01D0023020000 with fixed filter bodies B01D0023040000 with filter bags filtering from the inside B01D0023060000 with rigid tubular bodies B01D0023080000 with saucer-shaped filtering elements B01D0023100000 with loose filter material B01D0023120000 with filtering material supported on louvred sides B01D0023140000 Carbon filters B01D0023160000 Sand or gravel filters B01D0023180000 Bottoms of filter beds B01D0023200000 Feed or discharge devices (nozzles B05B);; B01D0023240000 Regeneration of the filter material in the filter B01D0023260000 integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration B01D0023280000 Filter funnels; Holders therefor (funnels in general B67C);; B01D0025000000 Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements B01D0025020000 in which the elements are pre-formed independent filtering units B01D0025040000 with screens or sheets, e.g. cloths, paper (B01D0025120000 takes precedence);; B01D0025060000 with loose, granular or fibrous filtering material B01D0025080000 with rigid self-supporting filtering elements B01D0025100000 in which the suspended particles form the filtering medium B01D0025120000 Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type B01D0025140000 Clamping means B01D0025160000 Edge filters, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces B01D0025180000 filtering between the edges of flat stacked bodies B01D0025200000 filtering between the windings of helically wound elements B01D0025220000 Cell-type filters B01D0025240000 Cell-type roll filters B01D0025260000 Cell-type stack filters B01D0025280000 Leaching or washing filter cakes in the filter B01D0025300000 Feeding devices B01D0025320000 Removal of filter cakes B01D0025340000 by moving the filter elements B01D0025360000 by centrifugal force B01D0025380000 by moving parts, e.g. scrapers, contacting stationary filter elements B01D0027000000 Cartridge filters B01D0027020000 with cartridges made from a mass of loose material B01D0027040000 with cartridges made of a piece of unitary material, e.g. filter paper B01D0027060000 with folds or corrugations B01D0027080000 Construction of the casing B01D0027100000 Safety devices, e.g. by-passes (by-passes in general B01D0035140000);; B01D0027120000 Regeneration B01D0029000000 Other pressure filters with filtering elements which are stationary during filtration B01D0029020000 in which the filtering elements are moved between filtering operations B01D0029040000 with screens or sheets, e.g. cloth, paper B01D0029060000 with corrugated, folded, or wound sheets B01D0029080000 with loose, granular, or fibrous filtering material B01D0029100000 Bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve, or like filters B01D0029120000 having flexible filtering material B01D0029140000 which is supported B01D0029160000 on solid frames with surface grooves and the like B01D0029180000 to take up a concertina shape during filtration B01D0029200000 having rigid self-supporting filtering material B01D0029220000 by edge filtration, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces (with mechanical pressure B01D0025160000);; B01D0029240000 with multiple filtering units B01D0029260000 arranged concentrically B01D0029280000 which are vibrated B01D0029300000 which are open-ended B01D0029320000 Filter candles B01D0029340000 with hollow discs side-by-side on or around one or more tubes B01D0029360000 integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration B01D0029380000 Regeneration of the filtering material in the filter B01D0029400000 by centrifugal force B01D0029420000 having feed or discharge devices B01D0031000000 Ultra-filters B01D0031020000 Electric ultra-filters (electrostatic separation B03C);; B01D0033000000 Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation B01D0033020000 with rotating filtering surfaces B01D0033040000 with filtering bands and the like supported on non-filtering cylinders B01D0033060000 with cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums B01D0033080000 Drums provided with cells each independently connected with pressure distributor B01D0033100000 Drums with a single compartment B01D0033120000 combined with filtering bands and the like B01D0033140000 with endless filtering bands B01D0033160000 with loose, granular, or fibrous filtering material B01D0033180000 Gravity filters B01D0033200000 with external feed B01D0033220000 with plane surfaces B01D0033240000 with rotary tables B01D0033260000 with hollow discs transversely mounted on a hollow shaft B01D0033280000 with hollow frames axially mounted on a hollow shaft B01D0033300000 with loose, granular, or fibrous filtering material B01D0033320000 with filtering surfaces travelling along conveyers (tipping bucket type B01D0035080000);; B01D0033340000 Accessories B01D0033360000 Devices for handling the filter cake B01D0033380000 Feed or discharge devices for liquids B01D0033400000 Pressure distribution systems B01D0035000000 Other filtering devices; Auxiliary devices for filtration (filtering material B01D0039000000;devices specially adapted for filtering gases B01D0046000000) B01D0035020000 Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks B01D0035040000 Plug, tap, and cock filters B01D0035060000 Filters making use of electricity or magnetism (electric ultra-filters B01D0031020000;devices comprising filters and magnetic separators B03C0001300000) B01D0035080000 Filters with tipping buckets or trays B01D0035100000 Brush filters B01D0035120000 Devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi-unit filters, e.g. for regeneration B01D0035140000 Safety devices specially adapted for filtration (preventing or minimising fires or explosions A62C);;Devices for indicating clogging B01D0035160000 Cleaning-out devices B01D0035180000 Heating or cooling the filters B01D0035200000 Vibrating the filters B01D0035220000 Directing the mixture to be filtered on to the filters in a manner to clean the filters B01D0035240000 Providing loose granular material to scratch the filters clean B01D0035260000 Filters with built-in pumps B01D0035280000 Strainers not provided for elsewhere B01D0037000000 Processes of filtration (processes specially adapted for filtering gases B01D0046000000);; B01D0037020000 Precoating the filter medium; Addition of filter aids to the liquid being filtered B01D0037040000 Controlling the filtration B01D0039000000 Filtering material for liquid and/or gaseous fluids (materials per, see the relevant classes);; B01D0039020000 Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres B01D0039040000 Organic material, e.g. cellulose, cotton B01D0039060000 Inorganic material, e.g. asbestos fibres, glass beads or fibres B01D0039080000 Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material (metallic B01D0039100000);; B01D0039100000 Filter screens essentially made of metal B01D0039120000 of wire gauze; of knitted wire; of expanded metal B01D0039140000 Other self-supporting filtering material B01D0039160000 of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres B01D0039180000 the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof (making filter paper D21F0011140000);; B01D0039200000 of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires (porous ceramic material C04B0021000000;sintering metals C22C0001040000) B01D0041000000 Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements outside the filter for liquid and/or gaseous fluids B01D0041020000 of loose filtering material B01D0041040000 of rigid self-supporting filtering material B01D0043000000 Separating particles from liquids, or liquids from solids, otherwise than by sedimentation or filtration (magnetic or electrostatic separation B03;flotation processes B03D0001000000; drying solid materials or objects F26B) B01D0045000000 Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces B01D0045020000 by utilising gravity B01D0045040000 by utilising inertia (B01D0045120000 takes precedence);; B01D0045060000 by reversal of direction of flow B01D0045080000 by impingement against baffle separators B01D0045100000 which are wetted B01D0045120000 by centrifugal forces (centrifuges B04B;cyclones B04C) B01D0045140000 generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums or brushes B01D0045160000 generated by the winding course of the gas stream B01D0045180000 Cleaning-out devices B01D0046000000 Filters and filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours (filtering elements B01D0023000000-B01D0035000000; filtering material B01D0039000000; their regeneration outside the filters B01D0041000000) B01D0046020000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material B01D0046040000 Cleaning filters B01D0046060000 with means keeping the working surfaces flat B01D0046080000 the working surfaces forming a star shape B01D0046100000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets, or pads having plane surfaces B01D0046120000 in multiple arrangements B01D0046140000 arranged in a star shape B01D0046160000 arranged on non-filtering conveyors B01D0046180000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filtering belts B01D0046200000 the belts combined with drums B01D0046220000 the belts travelling during filtering B01D0046240000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies B01D0046260000 rotatable B01D0046280000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter brushes B01D0046300000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material B01D0046320000 the material moving during filtering B01D0046340000 not horizontally, e.g. using shoots B01D0046360000 as a substantially horizontal layer, e.g. on rotary tables, drums, conveyor belts B01D0046380000 as fluidised bed B01D0046400000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using edge filters, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces B01D0046420000 Auxiliary equipment and operation thereof B01D0046440000 controlling filtration B01D0046460000 automatic B01D0046480000 Removing dust other than cleaning filters B01D0046500000 Means for discharging electrostatic potential B01D0046520000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded material B01D0046540000 Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms B01D0047000000 Separating dispersed particles from gases or air or vapours by liquid as separating agent (B01D0045100000 takes precedence;fractionating columns or parts thereof B01D0003160000) B01D0047020000 by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath B01D0047040000 by passing the gas or air or vapour through foam B01D0047060000 Spray cleaning B01D0047080000 with rotary nozzles B01D0047100000 Venturi scrubbers B01D0047120000 Towers with plural washing sections (fractionating columns or parts thereof B01D0003160000);; B01D0047140000 packed towers B01D0047160000 Apparatus having rotary means, other than rotatable nozzles, for atomising the cleaning liquid B01D0047180000 with horizontally-arranged shafts B01D0049000000 Separating dispersed particles from gases or air or vapours by other methods (magnetic or electrostatic separation B03C);; B01D0049020000 by thermal repulsion B01D0050000000 Combinations of devices for separating particles from gases or vapours B01D0051000000 Auxiliary pre-treatment of gases or vapours to be cleaned (preventing dust fires A62C);; B01D0051020000 Amassing the particles, e.g. by flocculation B01D0051040000 by seeding, e.g. by adding particles B01D0051060000 by varying the pressure of the gas or vapour B01D0051080000 by sound or ultrasonics B01D0051100000 Conditioning the gas to be cleaned B01D0053000000 Separation of gases and/or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases (recovery of volatile solvents by condensation B01D0005000000;adsorption or absorption in general B01J; cleaning coal gas C10K; separation of difficultly-condensable gases or air by liquefaction F25J) B01D0053020000 by adsorption; Selection of materials therefor B01D0053040000 with stationary adsorbents B01D0053060000 with moving adsorbents B01D0053080000 according to the "moving bed" method B01D0053100000 with dispersed adsorbents B01D0053120000 according to the "fluidised technique" B01D0053140000 by absorption B01D0053160000 Selection of materials for use as absorbents B01D0053180000 Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor (B01D0003160000, B01D0003260000, B01D0003300000 take precedence);; B01D0053200000 Loose filling elements for absorbing units B01D0053220000 by diffusion B01D0053240000 by centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B;cyclones B04C) B01D0053260000 Drying gases or vapours B01D0053280000 Selection of materials for use as drying agents B01D0053300000 Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus (regulating non electrical variables in general G05D);; B01D0053320000 by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D0013020000; (electrostatic separation B03C);; B01D0053340000 Chemical purification of smoke or fumes, e.g. flue gas B01D0057000000 Separation, other than separation of solids, not fully covered by a single other group or sub-class, e.g. ; B03C B01D0059000000 Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element (preventing occurrence of critical conditions when producing fissile material G21;shielding from radioactivity G21F) B01D0059020000 Separation by phase transition B01D0059040000 by distillation B01D0059060000 by fractional melting; by zone melting B01D0059080000 by fractional crystallisation, by precipitation, by zone freezing B01D0059100000 Separation by diffusion B01D0059120000 by diffusion through barriers B01D0059140000 Construction of the barrier B01D0059160000 by thermal diffusion B01D0059180000 by separation jets B01D0059200000 Separation by centrifuging B01D0059220000 Separation by extracting B01D0059240000 by solvent extraction B01D0059260000 by sorption, i.e. absorption, adsorption, persorption B01D0059280000 Separation by chemical exchange B01D0059300000 by ion exchange B01D0059320000 by exchange between fluids B01D0059340000 Separation by photochemical methods B01D0059360000 Separation by biological methods B01D0059380000 Separation by electrochemical methods (in general B01K);; B01D0059400000 by electrolysis B01D0059420000 by electromigration; by electrophoresis B01D0059440000 Separation by mass spectrography B01D0059460000 using only electrostatic fields B01D0059480000 using electrostatic and magnetic fields B01D0059500000 Separation involving two or more processes covered by different sub-groups selected from groups ; B01D0059020000, B01D0059100000, B01D0059200000, B01D0059220000, B01D0059280000, B01D0059340000, B01D0059360000, B01D0059380000 and B01D0059440000 B01F MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING, DISPERSING B01F0001000000 Dissolving (separating by dissolving B01D);; B01F0003000000 Mixing, e.g. dispersing, emulsifying, according to the phases to be mixed B01F0003020000 gases with gases or vapours B01F0003040000 gases or vapours with liquids B01F0003060000 gases or vapours with solids B01F0003080000 liquids with liquids; Emulsifying B01F0003100000 Mixing very viscous liquids B01F0003120000 liquids with solids (displacing one liquid by another in dispersions of solids in liquids B01D0012000000);; B01F0003140000 Mixing very viscous liquids with solids B01F0003180000 solid with solids B01F0003200000 Pretreatment of the materials to be mixed B01F0003220000 Aftertreatment of the mixture B01F0005000000 Flow mixers (sprayers, atomisers B05B);;Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles (B01F0013040000 takes precedence;centrifugal mixers B04) B01F0005020000 Jet mixers B01F0005040000 Injector mixers B01F0005060000 Mixers in which the components are pressed together through slits, orifices, or screens (turbo-mixers B01F0005160000;colloid-mills B02C; mixing valves F16K0011000000) B01F0005080000 Homogenizing or emulsifying nozzles B01F0005100000 Circulation mixers B01F0005120000 Pump mixers B01F0005140000 of the gear type B01F0005160000 Turbo-mixers B01F0005180000 Spray-mixers B01F0005200000 with nozzles B01F0005220000 with rotary discs B01F0005240000 Falling particle mixers with repeated action B01F0005260000 Falling particle mixers with moving means, e.g. stirrers for increasing the mixing B01F0007000000 Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders (B01F0013040000 takes precedence);; B01F0007020000 with stirrers rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis B01F0007040000 with paddles or arms B01F0007060000 with propellers B01F0007080000 with helices B01F0007100000 with rotary discs B01F0007120000 with cylinders B01F0007140000 with stirrers having planetary motion B01F0007160000 with stirrers rotating about a vertical axis B01F0007180000 with paddles or arms B01F0007200000 with fixed axis B01F0007220000 with propellers B01F0007240000 with helices B01F0007260000 with rotary discs B01F0007280000 with cylinders B01F0007300000 with stirrers having planetary motion B01F0007320000 with openwork frames or cages B01F0009000000 Mixers with rotating receptacles (B01F0013040000 takes precedence);; B01F0009020000 rotating about a horizontal or inclined axis, e.g. drum mixers B01F0009040000 without bars B01F0009060000 with fixed bars B01F0009080000 with rotating stirring devices B01F0009100000 rotating about a vertical axis B01F0009120000 with paddles or arms B01F0009140000 with propellers B01F0009160000 with helices B01F0009180000 with rotary discs B01F0009200000 with cylinders B01F0009220000 with stirrers having planetary motion B01F0011000000 Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms (B01F0013040000 takes precedence);; B01F0011020000 Mixing by means of ultrasonic vibrations B01F0011040000 with pendulum stirrers B01F0013000000 Other mixers; Mixing plant, including combinations of dissimilar mixers B01F0013020000 Mixers with gas agitation, e.g. with air supply tubes B01F0013040000 Mixers combined with safety devices B01F0013060000 Mixers adapted for working at sub- or super-atmospheric pressure B01F0013080000 Magnetic mixers B01F0013100000 Mixing plant, including combinations of dissimilar mixers B01F0015000000 Accessories for mixers B01F0015020000 Feed or discharge mechanisms B01F0015040000 Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed (maintaining a desired mixing ratio, i.e. regulating, G05D0011020000);; B01F0015060000 Heating or cooling systems B01F0017000000 Selection of substances for use as emulsifying or dispersing agents B01F0017020000 Alkyl sulphonates or sulphuric acid ester salts derived from monohydric alcohols B01F0017040000 Sulphonates or sulphuric acid ester salts derived from polyhydric alcohols or aminoalcohols or derivatives thereof (sulphated or sulphonated fatty oils B01F0017080000);; B01F0017060000 Esters of higher fatty acids with hydroxyalkylated sulphonic acids or salts thereof B01F0017080000 Sulphatization or sulphonation products of fats, oils, waxes, or higher fatty acids or esters thereof with monovalent alcohols B01F0017100000 Derivatives of low-molecular-weight sulphocarboxylic acids or sulphopolycarboxylic acids B01F0017120000 Sulphonates of aromatic or alkylated aromatic compounds B01F0017140000 Derivatives of phosphoric acid B01F0017160000 Amines and polyamines B01F0017180000 Quaternary ammonium compounds B01F0017200000 Phosphonium and sulphonium compounds B01F0017220000 Amides and hydrozides B01F0017240000 Amides of higher fatty acids with aminoalkylated sulphonic acids B01F0017260000 Sulphonamides B01F0017280000 Aminocarboxylic acids (protein hydrolysates B01F0017300000);; B01F0017300000 Proteins; Protein hydrolysates B01F0017320000 Heterocyclic compounds B01F0017340000 Higher-molecular-weight carboxylic acid esters (B01F0017060000 takes precedence);; B01F0017360000 Esters of polycarboxylic acids B01F0017380000 Alcohols, e.g. oxidation products of paraffins B01F0017400000 Phenols B01F0017420000 Ethers, e.g. polyglycol ethers of alcohols or phenols B01F0017440000 Ether carboxylic acids B01F0017460000 Ethers of aminoalcohols B01F0017480000 Cellulose ethers B01F0017500000 Derivatives of lignin B01F0017520000 Natural or synthetic resins or their salts B01F0017540000 Silicon compounds B01F0017560000 Glucosides; Mucilage; Saponines B01J CHEMICAL AND/OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, E. G. CATALYSIS, COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS B01J0001000000 Chemical, physical, or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus B01J0001040000 Application of ion-exchange processes (separating processes involving treatment of liquids with ion-exchange materials as adsorbents B01D0015040000;separation of isotopes B01D0059300000; zeolites C01B) B01J0001060000 Ion-exchange apparatus B01J0001080000 employing synthetic resinous exchange material B01J0001100000 Irradiation B01J0001120000 Treatment with ultrasonic vibrations B01J0001140000 Gas reactions B01J0001160000 Inhibiting oxidation by use of antioxidants B01J0001180000 Preservation, e.g. preventing evaporation or oxidation, of non-metallic liquids by applying a floating layer, e.g. of micro-balloons B01J0001200000 Apparatus characterised by being constructed of material selected for its chemically-resistant properties (refractory details of furnaces F27D);; B01J0001220000 Absorption; Adsorption (B01J0001240000 takes precendece);; B01J0001240000 Solidifying liquids (making micro-capsules B01J0013020000);; B01J0002000000 Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers, in general (granulating metals B22;granulating macromolecular substances or compositions containing them B29, C08J) B01J0002020000 by dividing the liquid material into drops, e.g. by spraying, and solidifying the drops B01J0002040000 in a gaseous medium B01J0002060000 in a liquid medium B01J0002080000 gelation of a colloidal solution B01J0002100000 in stationary drums or troughs, provided with kneading or mixing appliances B01J0002120000 in rotating drums B01J0002140000 in rotating dishes or pans B01J0002160000 by suspending the powder material in a gas, e.g. in fluidised beds or as a falling curtain B01J0002180000 using a vibrating apparatus B01J0002200000 by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length B01J0002220000 by pressing in moulds or between rollers B01J0002240000 Obtaining flakes by scraping a solid layer from a surface B01J0002260000 on endless conveyor belts B01J0002280000 using special binding agents B01J0002300000 using agents to prevent the granules sticking together B01J0003000000 Pressure vessels, e.g. autoclaves B01J0003020000 Feed or outlet devices therefor B01J0004000000 Feed devices; Feed and outlet regulating devices (feed and outlet devices for pressure vessels B01J0003020000);; B01J0004020000 for feeding measured quantities of reagents B01J0006000000 Calcining; Fusing B01J0007000000 Apparatus for generating gases B01J0007020000 by wet methods B01J0009000000 Chemical and/or physical processes, conducted in the presence of solid particles which are not reactants; Apparatus for such processes (fluidised-bed furnaces F27B0015000000);; B01J0009020000 with stationary contact substances B01J0009040000 which are catalytic B01J0009060000 with moving contact substances B01J0009080000 which are catalytic (B01J0009120000, B01J0009160000 take precedence);; B01J0009100000 according to the "moving bed" method B01J0009120000 the substances being catalytic B01J0009140000 with dispersed contact substances B01J0009160000 with catalytic contact substances (B01J0009200000 takes precedence);; B01J0009180000 according to the "fluidised" technique B01J0009200000 with catalytic contact substances B01J0009220000 with two or more substances of different nature B01J0009240000 in combination with stationary packing material B01J0011000000 Metal catalysts; Their preparation (production of the metal per C21, C22);;Catalytic compositions or systems, e.g. special combinations of carrier and catalysts; Treatment of substances to influence, e.g. to enhance their catalytic activity; Regeneration of catalysts; Carriers for catalysts; The use of substances as catalysts B01J0011020000 General methods for the regeneration of catalysts B01J0011040000 with oxygen-containing gases B01J0011060000 Metal catalysts; Catalytic combinations of metals and oxides or silicates; Preparation B01J0011080000 Metals of the platinum or palladium group; Silver; Gold B01J0011100000 Regeneration (B01J0011140000 takes precedence);; B01J0011120000 Platinum or palladium metals B01J0011140000 Regeneration (B01J0011180000 takes precedence);; B01J0011160000 on non-metallic carriers B01J0011180000 Regeneration B01J0011200000 Catalysts containing silver and/or gold B01J0011220000 Metals of the iron group; Copper; Thorium B01J0011240000 Deposition on to pre-formed carriers from solutions B01J0011260000 Mixtures of metals with oxides which are not reducible to metal by hydrogen or carbon monoxide, e.g. produced by co-precipitation B01J0011280000 Metals in the form of suspensions or powders B01J0011300000 Regeneration B01J0011320000 Oxides; Silicates; Metal salts such as molybdates having an anion composed of metal and oxygen only; Catalytic systems based thereon (B01J0011060000 takes precedence);; B01J0011340000 made by precipitation from liquids B01J0011360000 from a gel as intermediary form B01J0011380000 the gel being derived from an organic compound (B01J0011440000 takes precedence);; B01J0011400000 consisting mainly of alumina and/or silica (B01J0011380000, B01J0011440000 take precedence);; B01J0011420000 consisting mainly of magnesia and silica (B01J0011380000, B01J0011440000 take precedence);; B01J0011440000 in the form of spheroids, beads and the like B01J0011460000 made by impregnation and/or precipitation B01J0011480000 on gels B01J0011500000 made by heating with decomposition B01J0011520000 made by blending the components (mixing of gels B01J0011340000);; B01J0011540000 oxides only B01J0011560000 followed by fusion B01J0011580000 Treatment, e.g. activation, of synthetic clays, alumina, silica, or of minerals, e.g. bauxite, kieselguhr, natural clay (B01J0011640000 takes precedence);; B01J0011600000 of synthetic clays, alumina, and silica B01J0011620000 of natural clays B01J0011640000 Activation with halogens or halogen-containing compounds (activating platinum, group and/or palladium-group metals on non-metallic carriers B01J0011160000);; B01J0011660000 Regeneration B01J0011680000 by using oxygen-containing gases B01J0011700000 of catalysts containing exclusively alumina, silica, or silicates B01J0011720000 by using oxygen-containing gases B01J0011740000 Sulphide-containing catalysts B01J0011760000 Regeneration B01J0011780000 Catalysts based on halides B01J0011800000 Regeneration B01J0011820000 Catalysts based on acids, salts, or mixtures thereof, other than sulphides and halides (B01J0011320000 takes precedence);; B01J0011840000 Mixtures or complexes of metallic compounds reducible to a lower valency with reducing agents, i.e. Ziegler-type catalysts B01J0013000000 Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal solid materials or their solutions, so far as not included elsewhere; Making micro-capsules or micro-balloons B01J0013020000 Making micro-capsules or micro-balloons B01J0017000000 Single crystals; Semiconductor materials with small controlled amounts of added "impurities"; Processes for the production of such crystals or of materials which contain small controlled amounts of added "impurities" (shapes or constructions of crystals for particular purposes, see the appropriate sub-classes, e.g. H01L, H01S, H01V, H03H, H04R);; B01J0017020000 Crystallisation with or without the addition of small controlled quantities of substances to the crystals (crystallisation in general B01D0009000000);; B01J0017040000 Crystallisation from solutions B01J0017060000 Crystallisation from the liquid state (from solutions B01J0017040000);; B01J0017080000 Zone melting B01J0017100000 without a crucible B01J0017120000 in which the material in each molten zone is only partially melted B01J0017140000 with a solvent B01J0017160000 continuous B01J0017180000 Pulling crystals from a melt B01J0017200000 Growing on to a seed crystal which remains in the melt B01J0017220000 in which the material to be crystallised is supplied in the particle form or as a vapour or a gaseous compound B01J0017240000 Supplying the material as solid or liquid, e.g. the Verneuil method B01J0017260000 Supplying gaseous compounds which react or decompose to form the material to be crystallised B01J0017280000 directly from the vapour phase (sublimation in general B01D0007000000;apparatus for gas plating with metals C23C0011000000; apparatus for vacuum deposition of thin films of metals C23C0013000000-C23C0015000000) B01J0017300000 by condensing vapours of the material to be crystallised B01J0017320000 combined with a chemical reaction, e.g. decomposition B01J0017340000 Diffusion processes B01J0017360000 Doped materials B01J0017380000 Doped germanium B01J0017400000 Doped silicon B01K ELECTROCHEMICAL PROCESSES AND APPARATUS; ELECTROPHORESIS (isotope separation B01D0059380000;electrolytic and electrothermic production and refining of metals C22D) B01K0001000000 Electrochemical processes or apparatus in general (electrodialysis, electro-osmosis B01D0013020000);; B01K0003000000 Electrolytic processes or apparatus in general B01K0003020000 Electrodes B01K0003040000 Shape or construction of electrodes B01K0003060000 Selection of materials for electrodes B01K0003080000 Carbon electrodes B01K0003100000 Diaphragms B01K0003120000 Selection of materials for use as electrolytes or absorbents (for particular purposes covered by other single classes, see the relevant classes for the purposes); B01K0005000000 Electrophoresis B01K0005020000 for applying layers to objects (coating metals by electrophoresis C23B0013000000);; B01L CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL LABORATORY APPARATUS FOR GENERAL USE (apparatus for medical and pharmaceutical purposes A61;apparatus for industrial purposes and laboratory apparatus whose construction and performance are comparable to that of similar industrial apparatus, see the relevant classes for industrial apparatus, particularly sub-classes of B01 and C12; separating or distilling apparatus B01D; mixing or stirring devices B01F; atomisers B05B; vibrating devices. e.g. shaking tables B06B; sieves B07B; corks, bungs B65D; handling liquids in general B67; vacuum pumps F04; siphons F04F0010000000; taps, stop-cocks F16K; tubes, tube joints F16L; apparatus specially adapted for investigating and analysing materials G01, particularly G01N; electrical or optical apparatus, see appropriate classes in Sections G and H); B01L0001000000 Enclosures; Chambers (fume cupboards B08B;provided with manipulation devices, glove boxes B25J; cooling chambers F25D) B01L0001020000 Air-pressure chambers; Air-locks therefor B01L0001040000 Dust-free rooms or enclosures B01L0003000000 Containers or dishes for laboratory use, e.g. laboratory glassware (bottles B67B;culture dishes for microbiological use C12K); Droppers (receptacles for volumetric purposes G01F);; B01L0003020000 Burettes; Pipettes B01L0003040000 Crucibles B01L0003060000 Crystallising dishes B01L0003080000 Flasks (specially adapted for distillation B01D);; B01L0003100000 Wash bottles B01L0003120000 Gas jars or cylinders B01L0003140000 Test tubes B01L0003160000 Retorts B01L0003180000 Spatulas B01L0005000000 Gas handling apparatus (gas jars or cylinders B01L0003120000;gas absorption bulbs B01D0053000000; gas generators B01J0007000000; steam traps F16T; cold traps F28B) B01L0005020000 Gas collection apparatus, e.g. by bubbling under water (for sampling G01N);; B01L0005040000 Gas washing apparatus, e.g. by bubbling B01L0007000000 Heating apparatus (evaporators B01D0001000000;drying gases or vapours, e.g. desiccators, B01D0053260000; autoclaves, digesters B01J0003000000; burners F23D; drying ovens F26B; furnaces, ovens F27) B01L0007020000 Water baths; Sand baths; Air baths B01L0009000000 Supporting devices; Holding devices (tweezers, tongs B25B);; B01L0009020000 Laboratory benches or tables; Fittings therefor B01L0009040000 Retort stands; Retort clamps B01L0009060000 Test-tube stands; Test-tube holders B01L0011000000 Apparatus not provided for in the preceding groups (chemical indicators in general G01N);; B01L0011020000 Heat insulating devices, e.g. jackets or flasks B02 CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING B02B PREPARING GRAIN FOR MILLING; REFINING GRANULAR FRUIT TO COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS BY WORKING THE SURFACE (making dough from cereals directly A21C;preservation or sterilisation of cereals A23B; cleaning fruit A23N; preparation of malt C12C) B02B0001000000 Preparing grain for milling or like processes (hulling, husking, decorticating, polishing, removing the awns, or degerming B02B0003000000);; B02B0001020000 Dry treatment (sifting or sorting in general B07);; B02B0001040000 Wet treatment, e.g. washing, wetting, softening B02B0001060000 Devices with rotary parts B02B0001080000 Conditioning grain with respect to temperature or water content (air conditioning or ventilating of silos F24F;drying apparatus F26B; hygrometers G01N) B02B0003000000 Hulling; Husking; Decorticating; Polishing; Removing the awns (in threshing machines A01F0012420000);;Degerming B02B0003020000 by means of discs B02B0003040000 by means of rollers B02B0003060000 by means of screws or worms B02B0003080000 by means of beaters or blades B02B0003100000 by means of brushes B02B0003120000 by means of fluid B02B0003140000 Producing flour or meal directly B02B0005000000 Grain treatment not otherwise provided for B02B0005020000 Combined processes B02B0007000000 Auxiliary devices B02B0007020000 Feeding or discharging devices B02C CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN B02C0001000000 Crushing or disintegrating by reciprocating members B02C0001020000 Jaw crushers or pulverisers B02C0001040000 with single-acting jaws B02C0001060000 with double-acting jaws B02C0001080000 with jaws coacting with a rotating roller B02C0001100000 Shape or construction of jaws B02C0001120000 Mills with non-rotating spiked members B02C0001140000 Stamping mills B02C0002000000 Crushing or disintegrating by gyratory or cone crushers B02C0002020000 eccentrically moved B02C0002040000 with vertical axis B02C0002060000 and with top bearing B02C0002080000 with horizontal axis B02C0002100000 concentrically moved; Bell crushers B02C0004000000 Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills (with milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs B02C0015000000);; B02C0004020000 with two or more rollers B02C0004040000 specially adapted for milling paste-like material, e.g. paint, chocolate, colloids B02C0004060000 specially adapted for milling grain B02C0004080000 with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers B02C0004100000 with a roller co-operating with a stationary member B02C0004120000 in the form of a plate B02C0004140000 specially adapted for milling paste-like material, e.g. paint, chocolate, colloids B02C0004160000 specially adapted for milling grain B02C0004180000 in the form of a bar B02C0004200000 wherein the roller is corrugated or toothed B02C0004220000 specially adapted for milling paste-like material, e.g. paint, chocolate, colloids B02C0004240000 specially adapted for milling grain B02C0004260000 in the form of a grid or grating B02C0004280000 Details B02C0004300000 Shape or construction of rollers B02C0004320000 Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling the distance between, milling members B02C0004340000 in mills wherein a roller co-operates with a stationary member B02C0004360000 in mills specially adapted for paste-like materials B02C0004380000 in grain mills B02C0004400000 Detachers, e.g. scrapers B02C0004420000 Driving mechanisms; Roller speed control B02C0004440000 Cooling or heating rollers or bars B02C0007000000 Crushing or disintegrating by disc mills B02C0007020000 with coaxial discs B02C0007040000 with concentric circles of intermeshing teeth B02C0007060000 with horizontal axis (B02C0007040000 takes precedence);; B02C0007080000 with vertical axis (B02C0007040000 takes precedence);; B02C0007100000 with eccentric discs B02C0007110000 Details B02C0007120000 Shape or construction of discs B02C0007130000 for grain mills B02C0007140000 Adjusting, applying pressure to, or controlling distance between, discs B02C0007160000 Driving mechanisms B02C0007170000 Cooling or heating of discs B02C0007175000 Disc mills specially adapted for paste-like material, e.g. paint, chocolate, colloids B02C0007180000 Disc mills specially adapted for grain B02C0009000000 Other milling methods or mills specially adapted for grain B02C0009020000 Cutting or splitting grain B02C0009040000 System or sequence of operations; Plant B02C0011000000 Other auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for grain mills B02C0011020000 Breaking up amassed particles, e.g. flakes B02C0011040000 Feeding devices B02C0011060000 Arrangements for preventing fire or explosion (methods for preventing or extinguishing fires, devices therefor A62C);; B02C0011080000 Cooling, heating, ventilating, conditioning with respect to temperature or water content (conditioning grain before milling B02B0001080000;air-conditioning and ventilating in general F24F) B02C0013000000 Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements B02C0013020000 with horizontal rotor shaft (with axial flow B02C0013100000);; B02C0013040000 with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills B02C0013060000 with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor B02C0013080000 and acting as a fan B02C0013090000 and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate B02C0013100000 with horizontal rotor shaft and axial flow B02C0013120000 with vortex chamber B02C0013130000 Rotary mills with horizontal shaft and combined with sifting devices, e.g. for making powdered fuel B02C0013140000 with vertical rotor shaft, e.g. combined with sifting devices B02C0013160000 with beaters hinged to the rotor B02C0013180000 with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor B02C0013200000 with two or more co-operating rotors B02C0013220000 with intermeshing pins B02C0013240000 arranged around a vertical axis B02C0013260000 Details B02C0013280000 Shape or construction of beater elements B02C0013282000 Shape or inner surface of mill-housings B02C0013284000 Built-in screens B02C0013286000 Feeding or discharge B02C0013288000 Ventilating, or influencing air circulation B02C0013300000 Driving mechanisms B02C0013310000 Safety devices or measures B02C0015000000 Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs B02C0015020000 Centrifugal pendulum-type mills B02C0015040000 Mills with spring-pressed pendularly-mounted rollers B02C0015060000 Mills with rollers forced against the interior of a rotating ring under spring action (B02C0015040000 takes precedence);; B02C0015080000 Mills with balls or rollers centrifugally forced against the inner surface of a ring, the balls or rollers of which are driven by a centrally arranged member (B02C0015020000 takes precedence);; B02C0015100000 Mills with balls or rollers centrifugally forced against the inner surface of a ring, the balls or rollers of which are driven by other means than a centrally-arranged member B02C0015120000 Mills with at least two discs and interposed balls mounted like ball or roller bearings B02C0015140000 Edge runners, e.g. Chile mills B02C0015160000 with milling members essentially having different peripheral speeds and in the form of a hollow cylinder or cone and an internal roller or cone B02C0017000000 Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls (high-speed drum mills B02C0019110000);; B02C0017020000 with perforated container B02C0017040000 with unperforated container B02C0017060000 with several compartments B02C0017070000 in radial arrangement B02C0017080000 with containers performing a planetary movement B02C0017100000 with one or a few disintegrating members arranged in the container B02C0017140000 Mills in which the charge to be ground is turned over by movements of the container other than by rotating, e.g. by swinging, vibrating, tilting B02C0017160000 Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge B02C0017180000 Details B02C0017200000 Disintegrating members B02C0017220000 Lining for containers B02C0017240000 Driving mechanisms B02C0018000000 Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments (slicing B26D);;Mincing machines or similar apparatus using worms or the like (machines for domestic use not covered otherwise A47J0043040000;multi-purpose machines for preparing food A47J0044000000) B02C0018020000 with reciprocating knives B02C0018040000 Details B02C0018060000 with rotating knives B02C0018080000 within vertical containers B02C0018100000 with drive arranged above container B02C0018120000 with drive arranged below container B02C0018140000 within horizontal containers B02C0018160000 Details B02C0018180000 Knives; Mountings thereof B02C0018200000 Sickle-shaped knives B02C0018220000 Feed or discharge means B02C0018240000 Drives B02C0018260000 with knives which both reciprocate and rotate B02C0018280000 with spiked cylinders B02C0018300000 Mincing machines with perforated discs and feeding worms B02C0018320000 with sharpening devices B02C0018340000 with means for cleaning the perforated discs B02C0018360000 Knives or perforated discs B02C0018380000 Drives B02C0018400000 specially adapted for disintegrating garbage, waste, or sewage B02C0018420000 and mounted in or with kitchen sinks B02C0018440000 specially adapted for disintegrating plastics, e.g. cinematographic films B02C0019000000 Other disintegrating devices or methods (for grain B02C0009000000);; B02C0019060000 Jet mills B02C0019080000 Pestle and mortar B02C0019100000 Mills in which a friction block is towed along the surface of a cylindrical or annular member B02C0019110000 High-speed drum mills (for separating B04B);; B02C0019120000 specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for B02C0019140000 specially adapted for breaking-up bottles B02C0019160000 Mills provided with vibrators (tumbling mills B02C0017140000);; B02C0019180000 Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating B02C0019200000 Disintegrating by grating B02C0019220000 Crushing mills with screw-shaped crushing means B02C0021000000 Disintegrating plant with or without drying of the material (for grain B02C0009040000);; B02C0021020000 Transportable disintegrating plant B02C0023000000 Other auxiliary methods or devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating (specially adapted for grain mills B02C0011000000);; B02C0023020000 Feeding devices (for grain mills B02C0011040000);; B02C0023040000 Safety devices (in rotary beater mills B02C0013310000;in general F16P) B02C0023060000 Selection or use of additives to aid disintegrating B02C0025000000 Control arrangements specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating B03 SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION (separating isotopes B01D0059000000;crushing or disintegrating B02C; centrifuges or vortex apparatus for carrying out physical processes B04) B03B SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS (removing fluids from solids B01D;magnetic or electrostatic separation B03C; flotation, differential sedimentation B03D; separating by dry methods B07; screening or sifting B07B; by picking B07C; separating peculiar to particular materials and provided for in other single classes, see the relevant classes); B03B0001000000 Conditioning for facilitating separation by altering physical properties of the matter to be treated (pretreatment of ores in general C21B, C22B);; B03B0001020000 Preparatory heating B03B0001040000 by additives B03B0001060000 by varying ambient atmospheric pressure B03B0003000000 Washing granular, powdered, or lumpy materials; Wet separating (screens B07B0001000000);;Separating by pneumatic tables or jigs B03B0003020000 Free-settling classifiers B03B0003040000 on tables, e.g. pneumatic tables B03B0003060000 which are movable B03B0003080000 Vanners B03B0003100000 Revolving tables B03B0003120000 Reciprocating tables B03B0003140000 Constructional details of tables, e.g. riffling B03B0003160000 on jigs, e.g. pneumatic jigs B03B0003180000 using pulses generated mechanically in fluid B03B0003200000 Plunger jigs B03B0003220000 Diaphragm jigs B03B0003240000 Moving sieve jigs B03B0003260000 using pulses generated by fluid injection B03B0003280000 Constructional details of jigs, e.g. pulse control devices B03B0003300000 by liquid-flow washing or scrubbing (on tables B03B0003040000);; B03B0003320000 Overflow or tilting tanks B03B0003340000 Upward current classifiers B03B0003360000 Constructional details of devices, e.g. settling tanks, sluice boxes B03B0003380000 by sink-float separating, e.g. using dry, dense media B03B0003400000 using heavy liquids or suspensions B03B0003440000 and using centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B;cyclones B04C) B03B0003450000 Applications of hydrocyclones B03B0003460000 Devices therefor (jigs B03B0003160000;centrifugal apparatus B04) B03B0003480000 Chance cones B03B0003500000 Flat separating tanks or troughs B03B0003520000 Tomblers B03B0003540000 Media therefor; Preparation and regeneration thereof not otherwise provided for B03B0007000000 Combinations of wet processes or apparatus with other processes or apparatus, e.g. for dressing ores or garbage B03B0009000000 General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets B03B0009020000 specially adapted for oil-sand, oil-chalk, oil-shales, ozokerite, bitumen, etc. B03B0009040000 specially adapted for furnace residues, smeltings, or foundry slags B03B0009060000 specially adapted for refuse B03B0011000000 Feed and discharge devices integral with washing or wet-separating equipment (filling or emptying devices per B65G0065300000);; B03B0013000000 Control arrangements specially adapted for wet separating apparatus or for dressing plant, using physical effects (detecting, measuring, or analysing devices G01;control devices in general G05) B03B0013020000 using optical effects (optical devices per G02);; B03B0013040000 using electrical or electromagnetic effects B03B0013060000 using absorption or reflection of radioactive emanation (devices for dealing with radioactive emanation per G21G, G21H);; B03C MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION (conditioning gases for such separation, separating isotopes B01D;filters making use of electricity or magnetism B01D0035060000; conditioning solids for such separation B03B; combinations of magnetic or electrostatic separation with separation of solids by other means B03B, B07B; separating sheets from piles B65H0003000000; magnets or magnet coils per H01F) B03C0001000000 Magnetic separation B03C0001020000 Magnetic separators B03C0001040000 with the material carriers in the form of trays or with tables B03C0001060000 with magnets moving during operation B03C0001080000 with non-movable magnets B03C0001100000 with cylindrical material carriers B03C0001120000 with magnets moving during operation; with movable pole pieces B03C0001140000 with non-movable magnets B03C0001160000 with material carriers in the form of belts B03C0001180000 with magnets moving during operation B03C0001200000 in the form of belts, e.g. cross-belt type B03C0001220000 with non-movable magnets B03C0001240000 with material carried by "travelling fields", i.e. generated by stationary magnetic coils B03C0001260000 with free falling material B03C0001280000 Magnetic plugs and dipsticks B03C0001300000 Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for B03C0003000000 Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapour, e.g. air, by electrostatic effect B03C0003010000 Pre-treatment of the gases prior to electrostatic precipitation B03C0003020000 Plant or installations having external electricity supply (electrode constructions B03C0003400000);; B03C0003040000 dry type B03C0003060000 characterised by presence of stationary tube electrodes B03C0003080000 characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces parallel to the gas stream B03C0003090000 characterised by presence of stationary flat electrodes arranged with their flat surfaces at right angles to the gas stream B03C0003100000 characterised by presence of electrodes moving during separating action B03C0003120000 characterised by separation of ionising and collecting stations B03C0003140000 characterised by the additional use of mechanical effects, e.g. gravity, inertia, centrifugal forces, filtration (B03C0003320000 takes precedence);; B03C0003160000 wet type B03C0003280000 Plant or installations without electricity supply, e.g. using electrets B03C0003300000 in which electrostatic charge is generated by passage of the gases, i.e. tribo-electricity B03C0003320000 Transportable units, e.g. for cleaning room air (room air-conditioners having an electrostatic separating stage F24F);; B03C0003340000 Constructional details or accessories and the operation thereof B03C0003360000 Controlling flow of gases or vapour B03C0003380000 Particle charging or ionising stations, e.g. using electric discharge, radioactive radiation, flames (electrode constructions B03C0003400000;ionising gases H05H) B03C0003400000 Electrode constructions B03C0003410000 Ionising-electrodes B03C0003430000 radioactive B03C0003450000 Collecting-electrodes B03C0003470000 flat, e.g. plates, discs, gratings B03C0003490000 tubular B03C0003510000 Catch-space electrodes, e.g. slotted-box form B03C0003530000 Liquid, or liquid-film, electrodes B03C0003600000 Use of special materials other than liquids B03C0003620000 ceramics B03C0003640000 synthetic resins B03C0003660000 Applications of electricity supply techniques B03C0003680000 control systems B03C0003700000 insulating in electric separators (B03C0003530000 takes precedence);; B03C0003720000 Emergency control systems B03C0003740000 Cleaning the electrodes B03C0003760000 by using a mechanical vibrator, e.g. rapping gear B03C0003780000 by washing B03C0003800000 by gas or solid particle blasting B03C0003820000 Housings B03C0003840000 Protective coatings B03C0003860000 Electrode-carrying means (B03C0003400000 takes precedence);; B03C0003880000 Cleaning-out collected particles B03C0005000000 Separating dispersed particles from liquids by electrostatic effect B03C0005020000 Separators B03C0007000000 Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect B03C0007020000 Separators B03C0007040000 with material carriers in the form of trays, troughs, or tables B03C0007060000 with cylindrical material carriers B03C0007080000 with material carriers in the form of belts B03C0007100000 with material falling in cascades B03C0007120000 with material falling free B03C0009000000 Electrostatic separation not provided for in a single preceding main group B03C0009020000 Electrostatic separation of gases B03D FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION (sedimentation in general B01D0021000000;in combination with other separation of solids B03B; sink-float separation B03B0003380000; collecting, frothing, and depressing agents C11D) B03D0001000000 Flotation (conditioning for flotation, general arrangement of plant B03B);; B03D0001020000 Froth-flotation processes B03D0001040000 by varying ambient atmospheric pressure B03D0001060000 differential B03D0001080000 Subsequent treatment of concentrated product (froth dispersion B01D0019020000);; B03D0001100000 Removing adhering liquid from separated materials (processes and devices capable of general use B01D);; B03D0001120000 Agent recovery B03D0001140000 Flotation machines (devices for feeding measured quantities of reagents B01J0004020000);; B03D0001160000 with impellers; Subaeration machines B03D0001180000 without air supply B03D0001200000 with internal air pumps B03D0001220000 with external blowers B03D0001240000 Pneumatic B03D0001260000 Air lift machines B03D0003000000 Differential sedimentation B03D0003020000 Coagulation B03D0003040000 assisted by vibrations B03D0003060000 Flocculation B04 CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES (using centrifugal force for the separation of particles from liquids or gases, in general B01D, e.g. B01D0021260000, B01D0043000000, B01D0045120000);; B04B CENTRIFUGES (high-speed drum mills B02C0019110000;domestic spin driers D06F) B04B0001000000 Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles B04B0001020000 without inserted separating walls B04B0001040000 with inserted separating walls B04B0001060000 of cylindrical shape B04B0001080000 of conical shape B04B0001100000 with discharging outlets in the plane of the maximum diameter of the bowl B04B0001120000 with continuous discharge B04B0001140000 with periodical discharge B04B0001160000 with discharging outlets controlled by the rotational speed of the bowl B04B0001180000 controlled by the centrifugal force of an auxiliary liquid B04B0001200000 discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw co-axial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl B04B0003000000 Centrifuges with rotary bowls in which solid particles or bodies become separated by centrifugal force and simultaneously sifting or filtering B04B0003020000 discharging solid particles from the bowl by means co-axial with the bowl axis and moving to and fro, i.e. push-type centrifuges B04B0003040000 discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw co-axial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl B04B0003060000 discharging solid particles by vibrating the bowl B04B0003080000 discharging solid particles by bowl walls in the form of endless bands B04B0005000000 Other centrifuges B04B0005020000 Centrifuges consisting of a plurality of separate bowls rotating round an axis situated between the bowls B04B0005040000 Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers B04B0005060000 Centrifugal counter-current apparatus B04B0005080000 Centrifuges for separating predominantly gaseous mixtures B04B0005100000 Centrifuges combined with other apparatus, e.g. electrostatic separators; Sets or systems of several centrifuges (B04B0005120000 takes precedence);; B04B0005120000 Centrifuges in which rotors other than bowls generate centrifugal effects in stationary containers B04B0007000000 Elements of centrifuges (drives B04B0009000000;feeding, charging, or discharging appurtenances or devices B04B0011000000) B04B0007020000 Casings; Lids (shock absorbers, vibration dampers F16F);; B04B0007040000 Casings facilitating discharge B04B0007060000 Safety devices B04B0007080000 Rotary bowls (centrifugal casting machines B22D);; B04B0007100000 Bowls for shaping solids B04B0007120000 Inserts, e.g. armouring plates B04B0007140000 for separating walls of conical shape B04B0007160000 Sieves or filters (filters in general B01D;sieves in general B07B) B04B0007180000 formed or coated with sieving or filtering elements (filters in general B01D;sieves in general B07B) B04B0009000000 Drives specially designed for centrifuges; Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing; Suspending or balancing rotary bowls B04B0009020000 Electric motor drives B04B0009040000 Direct drive B04B0009060000 Fluid drive B04B0009080000 Arrangement or disposition of transmission gearing B04B0009100000 Control of the drive; Speed regulating B04B0009120000 Suspending rotary bowls B04B0009140000 Balancing rotary bowls (balancing per G01M);; B04B0011000000 Feeding, charging, or discharging bowls (B04B0001000000, B04B0003000000, B04B0007040000 take precedence);; B04B0011020000 Continuous feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor B04B0011040000 Periodical feeding or discharging; Control arrangements therefor B04B0011050000 Base discharge B04B0011060000 Arrangement of distributers and collectors in centrifuges B04B0011080000 Skimmers and scrapers for discharging B04B0013000000 Control arrangements specially designed for centrifuges; Programme control of centrifuges (control arrangements for feed, charge, or discharge B04B0011000000);; B04B0015000000 Other accessories for centrifuges B04B0015020000 for cooling, heating, or heat insulating B04B0015040000 for suppressing the formation of foam B04B0015060000 for cleaning bowls, filters, sieves, inserts, etc. B04B0015080000 for ventilating or producing a vacuum in the centrifuge B04B0015100000 for forming a filtering layer in the rotary bowl B04B0015120000 for drying or washing the separated solid particles B04C APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES B04C0001000000 Apparatus in which the main direction of flow follows a flat spiral B04C0003000000 Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex remains unchanged B04C0003020000 with heating or cooling, e.g. quenching, means B04C0003040000 Multiple arrangement thereof B04C0003060000 Construction of inlets or outlets to the vortex chamber B04C0005000000 Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed B04C0005020000 Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated (fluid dynamics in general F15D);; B04C0005040000 Tangential inlets B04C0005060000 Axial inlets B04C0005080000 Vortex chamber constructions B04C0005081000 Shapes or dimensions B04C0005085000 with wear-resisting arrangements B04C0005087000 with flexible gas-tight walls B04C0005100000 with perforated walls B04C0005103000 Bodies or members, e.g. bulkheads, guides, in the vortex chamber (cores B04C0005107000);; B04C0005107000 Cores; Devices for inducing an air-core in hydrocyclones (forming part of the outlet pipe B04C0005130000);; B04C0005120000 Construction of the overflow ducting, e.g. diffusing or spiral exits B04C0005130000 formed as a vortex finder and extending into the vortex chamber; Discharge from vortex finder otherwise than at the top of the cyclone; Devices for controlling the overflow B04C0005140000 Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements B04C0005150000 with swinging flaps or revolving sluices; Sluices; Check-valves B04C0005160000 with variable-size outlets from the underflow ducting B04C0005180000 with auxiliary fluid assisting discharge B04C0005181000 Bulkheads or central bodies in the discharge opening B04C0005185000 Dust collectors B04C0005187000 forming an integral part of the vortex chamber B04C0005200000 with heating or cooling, e.g. quenching, means B04C0005220000 with cleaning means B04C0005230000 using liquids B04C0005240000 Multiple arrangement thereof B04C0005260000 for series flow B04C0005280000 for parallel flow B04C0005300000 Recirculation constructions in or with cyclones which accomplish a partial recirculation of the medium, e.g. by means of conduits B04C0007000000 Apparatus not provided for in group ; B04C0001000000, B04C0003000000, or B04C0005000000; Multiple arrangements not provided for in one of groups ; B04C0001000000, B04C0003000000, and B04C0005000000; Combinations of apparatus covered by two or more of groups ; B04C0001000000, B04C0003000000, and B04C0005000000 B04C0009000000 Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans (combinations with filters B01D0050000000);; B04C0011000000 Accessories, e.g. safety or control devices, not otherwise provided for (with electrostatic precipitating arrangements B03C0003140000);; B05 SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING LIQUIDS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL (apparatus restricted to a purpose fully provided for in a single other class, see the relevant class covering the purpose;methods involving the use of apparatus in particular arts, see the relevant classes relating to the arts concerned, e.g. B44D) B05B SPRAYING APPARATUS; NOZZLES (containers, closures therefor B65D;dispensing liquids in general B67D; means for pumping fluids F04; valves, e.g. water-taps F16K) B05B0001000000 Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means (B05B0003000000, B05B0005000000, B05B0007000000 take precedence;devices for applying liquids to surface by contact B05C; closures for containers B65D; nozzles for liquid-dispensing, e.g. in vehicle service stations, B67D0005370000) B05B0001020000 designed to produce a jet, spray, or other discharge of particular shape or nature, e.g. in single drops (B05B0001260000, B05B0001280000, B05B0001340000 take precedence);; B05B0001040000 in flat form, e.g. fan-like, sheet-like B05B0001060000 in annular, tubular or hollow conical form B05B0001080000 of pulsating nature, e.g. delivering liquid in successive separate quantities B05B0001100000 in the form of a fine jet, e.g. for use in wind-screen washers B05B0001120000 capable of producing different kinds of discharge, e.g. either jet or spray (B05B0001160000 takes precedence);; B05B0001140000 with multiple outlet openings (B05B0001020000, B05B0001260000 take precedence);;with strainers in or outside the outlet opening B05B0001160000 having selectively-effective outlets B05B0001180000 Roses; Shower heads B05B0001200000 Perforated pipes or troughs, e.g. spray booms; Outlet elements therefor B05B0001220000 Spouts (anti-splash devices for water-taps E03C0001080000);; B05B0001240000 incorporating means for heating the liquid, e.g. electrically B05B0001260000 with means for mechanically breaking-up or deflecting the jet after discharge, e.g. with fixed deflectors; Breaking-up the discharged liquid by impinging jets B05B0001280000 with integral means for shielding the discharged liquid, e.g. to limit area of spray; with integral means for catching drips or collecting surplus liquid (means for any of these purposes, per, B05B0015040000);; B05B0001300000 designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages (B05B0001020000 takes precedence;valves per F16K) B05B0001320000 in which a valve member forms part of the outlet opening B05B0001340000 designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid, e.g. to produce swirl (B05B0001300000 takes precedence);; B05B0001360000 Outlets for discharging by overflow B05B0003000000 Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements (B05B0005000000 takes precedence);; B05B0003020000 with rotating elements B05B0003040000 driven by the liquid discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet B05B0003060000 by jet reaction B05B0003080000 in association with stationary outlet or deflecting elements B05B0003100000 discharging over substantially the whole periphery of the rotating member B05B0003120000 with spray booms or the like rotating around an axis by means independent of the liquid discharged B05B0003140000 with oscillating elements; with intermittent operation B05B0003160000 driven or controlled by the liquid or other fluent material discharged, e.g. the liquid actuating a motor before passing to the outlet B05B0003180000 with elements moving in a straight line, e.g. along a track B05B0005000000 Electrostatic spraying; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Otherwise spraying liquids by electricity B05B0005020000 Electrostatic spraying apparatus B05B0005040000 Apparatus with rotary outlet or deflecting elements B05B0005060000 using electric arc B05B0005080000 Plant for coating objects B05B0007000000 Spraying apparatus for discharge of fluids from two or more sources, e.g. of liquid and air, of powder and gas (B05B0003000000, B05B0005000000 take precedence;outlets not specially modified for two media B05B0001000000) B05B0007020000 Spray pistols; Apparatus for discharge (B05B0007140000, B05B0007160000, B05B0007240000 take precedence);; B05B0007040000 with arrangements for mixing fluids before discharge (mixing in general B01F, e.g. B01F0005000000;mixing valves F16K0011000000) B05B0007060000 with one outlet orifice surrounding another approximately in the same plane (B05B0007100000 takes precedence);; B05B0007080000 with separate outlet orifices, e.g. to form parallel jets, to form intersecting jets B05B0007100000 producing a swirling discharge B05B0007120000 designed to control volume of flow, e.g. with adjustable passages (valves per F16K);; B05B0007140000 designed for spraying chips, fibres, or other material in a similar solid state (B05B0007160000 takes precedence);; B05B0007160000 incorporating means for heating the material to be sprayed B05B0007180000 the material having originally the shape of a wire, rod, or the like B05B0007200000 by flame or combustion B05B0007220000 electrically, e.g. by arc B05B0007240000 with means, e.g. a container, for supplying fluid to a discharge device (B05B0007140000, B05B0007160000, B05B0011000000 take precedence);; B05B0007260000 Apparatus in which fluids from different sources are brought together before entering the discharge device B05B0007280000 in which one fluid is fed or drawn through an orifice into a stream of a carrying fluid B05B0007300000 the first fluid being fed by gravity, or sucked into the carrying fluid B05B0007320000 the fed fluid being under pressure B05B0009000000 Spraying apparatus characterised by arrangement or assembly of means from which or by which the discharge device is fed with liquid (B05B0007240000 takes precedence);; B05B0009020000 Portable or transportable apparatus designed for supplying liquid without essential mixing with air B05B0009040000 with pressurised or compressible container with pump B05B0009060000 the delivery being automatically related to the to the speed of a vehicle, e.g. the pump being driven by a vehicle wheel B05B0009080000 Apparatus to be carried on or by a person, e.g. of knapsack type B05B0011000000 Hand-held or like apparatus incorporating flow producing means, e.g. with compressible bulb, pressurised B05B0013000000 Stationary machines or plant for applying liquids to surfaces of objects or material by spraying (B05B0005080000 takes precedence;means for supplying and/or discharging liquid for this purpose, see the relevant preceding groupsspraying in combination with, or plant applicable to other methods of applying liquids to surfaces B05C) B05B0013020000 Means for supporting work; Arrangement or mounting of spray heads; Adaptation or arrangement of means for feeding work (B05B0013060000 takes precedence);; B05B0013040000 the spray heads being moved during operation B05B0013060000 specially designed for treating the inside of hollow bodies (spray heads B05B0001000000-B05B0007000000); B05B0015000000 Details of spraying plant or apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories (spray booths, accessories applicable to other methods of applying liquids to surfaces B05C);; B05B0015020000 Arrangements or devices for cleaning discharge openings B05B0015040000 Control of spray area, e.g. masking, side shields; Means for collection or re-use of excess material (B05B0001280000 takes precedence);; B05B0015060000 Mountings, supporting or holding means, or rests for spray heads or other outlets when in use or out of use (B05B0015100000 takes precedence);; B05B0015080000 Means for adjusting position of spray heads B05B0015100000 Arrangements for moving spray heads automatically to or from the working position B05B0017000000 Spraying or atomising liquids, not covered by the preceding groups B05B0017020000 Arrangements essentially involving the use of aircraft B05B0017040000 operating with special methods B05B0017060000 using ultrasonic vibrations B05B0017080000 Fountains (drinking fountains E03B0009200000;wash fountains E03C0001160000) B05C APPLYING LIQUIDS OR SEMI-LIQUID TO SURFACES, E. G. BY FORCING LIQUID THROUGH WORK (liquid outlets, spraying, sprinkling B05B;forming layered products B32B; conveying articles or workpieces through baths of liquid B65G0049020000; handling webs or filaments B65H; brushes A46B; devices for use in applying liquids by hand A47L, B43K, B43M, B44D; apparatus specially adapted for a specific purpose covered by another class, see the relevant class, e.g. domestic cleaning A47L, printing, copying B41, producing decorative effect B44D, electro-plating C23B, laundry D06F, treating roads E01C, processing photographic materials G03D) B05C0001000000 Apparatus in which liquid is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid, e.g. a body impregnated with a liquid to be applied as a coating (B05C0005020000, B05C0007000000 take precedence;members spreading liquid otherwise brought into contact with the surface B05C0011020000) B05C0001020000 for applying liquid to separate articles B05C0001040000 for applying liquid to work of indefinite length B05C0001060000 by rubbing contact, e.g. by brushes, by pads B05C0001080000 the member being a roller (B05C0001060000 takes precedence);; B05C0001100000 the liquid or being supplied from inside the roller B05C0001120000 the work being fed round the roller (B05C0001100000 takes precedence);; B05C0001140000 the member being a travelling band (B05C0001060000 takes precedence);; B05C0001160000 only at particular parts of the work B05C0003000000 Apparatus in which the work is brought into contact with a quantity of liquid B05C0003020000 the work being immersed in the liquid B05C0003040000 with special provision for agitating the work or the liquid B05C0003050000 by applying vibrations thereto B05C0003080000 work and liquid being agitated together in a container, e.g. tumbled (B05C0003050000 takes precedence);; B05C0003090000 for treating separate articles B05C0003100000 the workpieces being moved through the (conveying workpieces through baths of liquid B65G, e.g. B65G0049020000);; B05C0003103000 the workpieces being supported on formers or other internal supports B05C0003105000 the workpieces being arranged in a superpose manner B05C0003107000 with special provision for holding the work under tension, e.g. for mercerising (on formers or other internal supports B05C0003103000);; B05C0003109000 Passing liquids into or through chambers containing stationary work B05C0003120000 for treating work of indefinite length B05C0003132000 supported on conveying means, e.g. for treating continuous webs or fibres B05C0003134000 the work being arranged in folded or pleated form B05C0003136000 with special provision for beating, kneading, or squeezing the work in the liquid B05C0003138000 with special provision for squeezing the work out of the liquid (fulling per D06C);; B05C0003150000 not supported on conveying means (web or filament feeding arrangements per B65H);; B05C0003152000 the work passing in zig-zag fashion over rollers B05C0003154000 the work passing backwards and forwards between beaming rollers B05C0003156000 Driving arrangements therefor B05C0003172000 in endless form B05C0003176000 with special provision for beating, kneading, or squeezing the work in the liquid B05C0003178000 with special provision for squeezing the work out of the liquid (fulling per D06C);; B05C0003179000 with special provision for tensioning the work, e.g. for mercerising B05C0003180000 only one side of the work coming into contact with the liquid (dipping hollow articles B05C0003020000);; B05C0003200000 for applying liquid only at particular parts of the work (dipping workpieces B05C0003020000);; B05C0005000000 Apparatus in which liquid is projected, poured or allowed to flow on to the surface of the work (B05C0007000000 takes precedence;essentially involving spraying or electrostatic projection B05B) B05C0005020000 from an outlet device in contact, or almost in contact, with the work B05C0007000000 Apparatus specially designed for applying liquid to the inside of hollow work B05C0007020000 the liquid being projected B05C0007040000 the liquid flowing or being moved through the work; the work being filled with liquid or other fluent material and emptied B05C0007060000 by devices moving in contact with the work B05C0007080000 for coating the inside of tubes B05C0008000000 Forcing liquid through work for application thereto B05C0008020000 through hollow articles or material in wound or hollow form B05C0008040000 through travelling material of indefinite length B05C0008060000 through stationary work in vats or the like (B05C0008020000 takes precedence);; B05C0009000000 Apparatus or plant for applying liquid to surfaces by means not covered by any preceding group, or in which the means of applying the liquid is not important (B05C0007000000 takes precedence);; B05C0009020000 for applying liquid to surfaces by single means not covered by groups ; B05C0001000000-B05C0007000000, whether or not also using other means B05C0009040000 for applying liquid to opposite sides of the work B05C0009060000 for applying two different liquids, or the same liquid or other fluent material twice, to the same side of the work B05C0009080000 for applying liquid and performing an auxiliary operation (B05C0003107000, B05C0003136000, B05C0003138000, B05C0003176000, B05C0003178000, B05C0003179000, take precedence);; B05C0009100000 the auxiliary operation being performed before the application of liquid (B05C0009140000 takes precedence);; B05C0009120000 the auxiliary operation being performed after the application of liquid (B05C0009140000 takes precedence);; B05C0009140000 the auxiliary operation involving heating B05C0011000000 Details not otherwise provided for; Accessories B05C0011020000 Means for spreading or distributing liquids already applied to a surface (B05C0007000000 takes precedence);;Control of the thickness of a coating (controlling supply of liquid supply B05C0011100000);; B05C0011040000 with blades B05C0011060000 with a an air blast B05C0011080000 Spreading liquid by manipulating the work, e.g. tilting B05C0011100000 Storage, supply or control liquid; Recovery of excess liquid B05C0011105000 by capillary action, e.g. using wicks B05C0011110000 Vats or other liquid containers B05C0011115000 Sealing means for work inlet or outlet B05C0011120000 Manipulating or holding work B05C0011122000 Carrier means specially adapted for liquid treatment of lengths of material thereon, e.g. perforated tubes B05C0011124000 Temporary storage e.g. in folded form, of lengths of material undergoing treatment with liquid, e.g. J-boxes B05C0011126000 Untwisting lengths of material twisted during, or for the purpose of, liquid treatment B05C0011140000 Devices designed for manipulating or holding separate articles B05C0011160000 Enclosures for apparatus; Spray booths B06 GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL B06B METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND/OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL (measurement and analysis of mechanical vibrations G01H;in direction finding, locating, distance and velocity measuring G01S; control of mechanical vibrations in general G05D; generation of electrical oscillations H03B; electromechanical resonators in general H03H; electromechanical transducers H04R) B06B0001000000 Methods and apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency B06B0001020000 making use of electrical energy (B06B0001180000, B06B0001200000 take precedence);; B06B0001040000 operating with electromagnetism vibratory electromagnetic motors ; per H02K0033000000) B06B0001060000 operating with electrostriction or with piezo-electric effect (piezo-electric devices per H03H);; B06B0001080000 operating with magnetostriction (magnetostrictive devices per H03H);; B06B0001100000 making use of mechanical energy (B06B0001180000, B06B0001200000 take precedence);; B06B0001120000 operating with systems involving reciprocating masses B06B0001140000 the masses being elastically coupled B06B0001160000 operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses B06B0001180000 wherein the vibrator is actuated by pressure fluid (B06B0001200000 takes precedence);; B06B0001200000 making use of a vibrating fluid (whistles or sirens per G10K);; B06B0003000000 Methods or apparatus specially adapted for transmitting mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency B06B0003020000 involving a change of amplitude B06B0003040000 involving focusing or reflecting B07 SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING (separation in general B01D;wet separating processes, sorting by processes using fluent material in the same way as liquid B03; using liquids B03B, B03D; sorting by magnetic or electrostatic separation B03C; centrifuges or vortex apparatus for carrying out physical processes B04; sorting peculiar to particular materials or articles and provided for in other classes, see the relevant classes); B07B SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, OR SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; OTHER SEPARATING BY DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL (combinations of dry separating apparatus with wet separating apparatus B03B;hand sorting, postal sorting, sorting by switching or other devices actuated in response to detection or measurement of some feature of articles or samples of material B07C) B07B0001000000 Sieving, screening, sifting, or sorting solid materials using networks, gratings, grids, or the like B07B0001020000 Hand screens B07B0001040000 Stationary flat screens B07B0001060000 Cone or disc shaped screens B07B0001080000 Screens rotating within their own plane B07B0001100000 Screens in the form of endless moving bands B07B0001120000 Apparatus having only parallel elements B07B0001140000 Roller screens B07B0001160000 the elements being movable and in other than roller form B07B0001180000 Drum screens B07B0001200000 Stationary drums with moving interior agitators B07B0001220000 Revolving drums B07B0001240000 with fixed or moving interior agitators B07B0001260000 with additional axial or radial movement of the drum B07B0001280000 Moving screens not otherwise provided for, e.g. swinging, reciprocating, rocking, tilting, or wobbling screens B07B0001300000 jigging or moving to-and-fro in or approximately in the direction of conveyance B07B0001320000 jigging or moving to-and-fro within their own plane transverse to the direction of conveyance B07B0001340000 jigging or moving to-and-fro perpendicularly or approximately perpendicularly to the plane of the screen B07B0001360000 jigging or moving to-and-fro in more than one direction B07B0001380000 oscillating in a circular arc in their own plane; Plansifters B07B0001400000 Resonant vibration screens B07B0001420000 Drive mechanisms, regulating or controlling devices, or balancing devices, specially adapted for screens B07B0001440000 Balancing devices B07B0001460000 Constructional details of screens in general; Cleaning or heating of screens B07B0001480000 Stretching devices for screens B07B0001500000 Cleaning B07B0001520000 with brushes or scrapers B07B0001540000 with beating devices B07B0001560000 Heated screens B07B0001580000 heated by heated fluid B07B0001600000 heated by flame heating B07B0001620000 heated by direct electric heating B07B0004000000 Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents (using tables or jigs B03B);; B07B0004020000 while the mixtures fall B07B0004040000 in cascades B07B0004060000 using revolving drums B07B0004080000 while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements B07B0007000000 Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents (sieves or filters for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours B01D);; B07B0007010000 using gravity B07B0007020000 by reversal of direction of flow B07B0007040000 by impingement against baffle separators B07B0007060000 by impingement against sieves B07B0007080000 using centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B;cyclones B04C) B07B0007083000 generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes B07B0007086000 generated by the winding course of the gas stream B07B0007100000 having air recirculating within the apparatus B07B0007120000 with pulsating air currents B07B0009000000 Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets B07B0009020000 Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents B07B0011000000 Arrangement of accessories in apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents B07B0011020000 Arrangement of air or material conditioning accessories B07B0011040000 Control arrangements B07B0011060000 Feeding or discharging arrangements B07B0011080000 Cleaning arrangements B07B0013000000 Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices B07B0013020000 Apparatus for grading using pockets for taking out particles from aggregates B07B0013040000 according to size B07B0013060000 Apparatus for grading or sorting using divergent conveyer belts or cables; Apparatus in which aggregates or articles are moved along openings each of which in increases in width in the direction of movement B07B0013080000 according to weight (B07B0013100000 takes precedence);; B07B0013100000 using momentum effects B07B0013120000 Helical sorters B07B0013140000 Details or accessories B07B0013160000 Feed or discharge arrangements B07B0013180000 Control B07B0015000000 Combinations of apparatus for separating solids from solids by dry methods applicable to bulk material, e.g. loose articles fit to be handled like bulk material (using gas currents B07B0009000000;using wet methods B03B0007000000) B07C POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING (specially adapted for a specific purpose covered by another class, see the relevant class, e.g. A43D0033060000, B23Q0007120000);; B07C0001000000 Measures preceding sorting according to destination B07C0001020000 Forming articles into a stream; Arranging articles in a stream, e.g. spacing, orientating B07C0001040000 Forming a stream from a bulk; Regulating the stream, e.g. spacing the articles B07C0001060000 Orientating; Aligning B07C0001100000 Sorting according to size or flexibility B07C0001120000 Separating letters from parcels B07C0001140000 Sorting according to length or width B07C0001160000 Sorting according to thickness or stiffness B07C0001180000 Orientating articles other than in a stream B07C0001200000 Sorting according to orientation, e.g. according to position of stamp B07C0003000000 Sorting according to destination B07C0003020000 Apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution B07C0003040000 Drum-type sorting machines B07C0003060000 Linear sorting machines in which articles are removed from a stream at selected points B07C0003080000 using arrangements of conveyers B07C0003100000 Apparatus characterised by the means used for detection of the destination (methods or arrangements for reading and recognising printed and/or written characters or geometric figures G06K0009000000);; B07C0003120000 using electric or electronic detecting means (B07C0003140000 takes precedence);; B07C0003140000 using light-responsive detecting means B07C0003160000 using magnetic detecting means B07C0003180000 Devices or arrangements for indicating destination, e.g. by code marks B07C0003200000 Arrangements for facilitating the visual reading of addresses, e.g. display arrangements B07C0005000000 Sorting by switching or other devices actuated manually; Sorting controlled indirectly by devices which detect or measure some feature of the articles or material being sorted B07C0005020000 Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream, orientating B07C0005040000 Sorting according to size B07C0005060000 measured mechanically B07C0005080000 measured electrically or electronically (B07C0005100000 takes precedence);; B07C0005100000 measured by light-responsive means B07C0005120000 characterised by the application to particular articles, not otherwise provided for (sorting eggs A01K0043000000);; B07C0005140000 Sorting timber or logs B07C0005160000 Sorting according to weight (sorting eggs A01K0043000000;weighing apparatus per G01G) B07C0005180000 using a single stationary weighing mechanism B07C0005200000 for separating articles of less than a predetermined weight from those of more than that weight B07C0005220000 using a plurality of stationary weighing mechanisms B07C0005240000 using moving weighing mechanisms, e.g. moving along a circular path B07C0005260000 wherein the counterbalancing effect of the weighing mechanisms is varied during such movement B07C0005280000 using electrical control means B07C0005300000 with associated counting means B07C0005320000 with associated check-weighing means B07C0005340000 Sorting according to other particular properties B07C0005342000 according to optical properties, e.g. colour B07C0005344000 according to electric or electromagnetic properties B07C0005346000 according to radioactive properties B07C0005360000 Sorting apparatus characterised by the means used for distribution B07C0005380000 Collecting or arranging articles in groups B07C0007000000 Sorting by hand only B07C0007020000 Compartmented furniture, e.g. pigeon-holes (storage racks B65G);; B07C0007040000 Apparatus or accessories for hand picking B07C0009000000 Sorting, with or without orientating, not otherwise provided for B08 CLEANING B08B CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL (brushes A46;devices for domestic or like cleaning A47L; separation of particles from liquids or gases B01D; separation of solids B03, B07; spraying in general or applying liquids to surfaces per B05; cleaning large numbers of more or less identical bottles or articles of nature and size similar to bottles, e.g. jars, B67C0001000000; inhibiting corrosion or incrustation in general C23; cleaning roads or permanent ways E01H; preventing or removing electrostatic charges H05F) B08B0001000000 Cleaning by methods essentially involving the use of tools, brushes, or analogous members B08B0001020000 Cleaning travelling work, e.g. a web, articles on a conveyer (conveyers B65G;handling webs B65H) B08B0001040000 using rotary operative members (B08B0001020000 takes precedence);; B08B0003000000 Cleaning by methods essentially involving the use or presence of liquid or steam B08B0003020000 Cleaning by the force of jets or sprays B08B0003040000 Cleaning involving contact with liquid B08B0003060000 using perforated drums in which the article or material is placed B08B0003080000 the liquid having chemical or dissolving effect (substances used per, see the relevant classes);; B08B0003100000 with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity, by vibration B08B0005000000 Cleaning by methods essentially involving the use of air flow or gas flow B08B0005020000 Cleaning by the force of jets, e.g. blowing-out cavities B08B0005040000 Cleaning by suction, with or without auxiliary action (suction cleaners A47L);; B08B0007000000 Cleaning by methods not provided for in a single other sub-class or a single group in this sub-class B08B0007020000 by distortion, beating, or vibration of the surface to be cleaned (generating mechanical vibrations B06B);; B08B0007040000 by a combination of operations B08B0009000000 Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto B08B0009020000 Cleaning pipes or tubes (apparatus for cleaning metal pipes by chemical methods C23G0003040000);; B08B0009040000 Cleaning devices moved along inside the pipe-line by fluid pressure or by self-propelling means B08B0009060000 Cleaning pipe systems B08B0009080000 Cleaning of containers, e.g. tanks (cleaning large numbers of more or less identical bottles, or articles of a nature and size similar to bottles, e.g. jars, B67C0001000000);; B08B0009100000 Cleaning milk churns B08B0009120000 Cleaning casks or barrels, e.g. oil drums B08B0009140000 Machines for both washing and drying casks or barrels B08B0009160000 Burning-out casks B08B0009180000 Apparatus for rotating casks in connection with cleaning or burning-out (devices for moving or tilting heavy loads B65G0007000000;devices facilitating manual tilting and emptying of barrels or casks B65G0065240000) B08B0011000000 Cleaning flexible or delicate articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto B08B0011020000 Devices for holding articles during cleaning B08B0011040000 specially adapted for plate glass, e.g. prior to manufacture of windshields B08B0013000000 Accessories or details of general applicability for machines or apparatus for cleaning B08B0015000000 Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area (refuse disposal B65F;air-conditioning, ventilation F24F) B08B0015020000 using chambers or hoods covering the area B08B0015040000 from a small area, e.g. a tool B08B0017000000 Methods preventing fouling B08B0017020000 Preventing deposition of fouling or of dust B08B0017040000 by using removable coverings B08B0017060000 by giving articles subject to fouling a special shape for arrangement B21 MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL (casting, powder metallurgy B22;shearing B23D; soldering, welding, flame-cutting B23K; miscellaneous metal-working B23P; punching sheet material in general B26F; processes for changing of physical properties of metals C21D, C22F; electroforming C23B0007000000) B21B ROLLING OF METAL (auxiliary operations used in connection with metal-working operations covered in B21, see B21C;bending by rolling B21D; manufacture of particular objects, e.g. screws, wheels, rings, barrels, balls, by rolling B21H; plating B23P0003060000) B21B0001000000 Metal rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section (B21B0017000000-B21B0023000000; take precedence;with respect to composition of material to be rolled B21B0003000000; extending closed shapes of metal bands by simultaneous rolling at two or more zones B21B0005000000; metal-rolling stands as units B21B0013000000); Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations B21B0001020000 for rolling heavy work, e.g. ingots, slabs, billets, in which the cross-sectional form is unimportant B21B0001040000 in a partly or wholly continuous process, i.e. in a mill train designed for the workpiece to enter one pair of rolls before leaving the preceding pair B21B0001060000 in a non-continuous process B21B0001080000 for rolling work of special cross-section, e.g. rails, I-beams, U-irons, angle steel (rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects B21H0008000000);; B21B0001100000 in a single two-high or universal rolling mill B21B0001120000 in a partly or wholly continuous process, i.e. in a mill train designed for the workpiece to enter one pair of rolls before leaving the preceding pair B21B0001140000 in a non-continuous process B21B0001160000 for rolling wire or material of like small cross-section B21B0001180000 in a partly or wholly continuous process, i.e. in a mill train designed for the workpiece to enter one pair of rolls before leaving the preceding pair B21B0001200000 in a non-continuous process B21B0001220000 for rolling bands or sheets of indefinite length (B21B0001420000 takes precedence);; B21B0001240000 in a partly or wholly continuous process, i.e. in a mill train designed for the workpiece to enter one pair of rolls before leaving the preceding pair B21B0001260000 by hot-rolling B21B0001280000 by cold-rolling B21B0001300000 in a non-continuous process B21B0001320000 in reversing mills, e.g. with intermediate storage reels for accumulating work B21B0001340000 by hot-rolling B21B0001360000 by cold-rolling B21B0001380000 for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets B21B0001400000 for rolling foils which present special problems, e.g. because of thinness B21B0001420000 for step-by-step or planetary rolling (making tubes by pilgrim-step rolling B21B0021000000);; B21B0001440000 for rolling metal directly from melt (involving special machines B21B0013220000;melting technique B22, e.g. continuous casting B22D0011000000) B21B0003000000 Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences (altering special metallurgical properties of alloys, other than structure consolidation or mechanical properties resulting therefrom C21D, C22F);; B21B0003020000 Rolling special iron alloys B21B0005000000 Extending closed shapes of metal bands by simultaneous rolling at two or more zones (manufacture of circular shapes, e.g. wheel rims, B21H0001060000);; B21B0009000000 Measures for carrying out rolling operations under special conditions, e.g. in vacuum or inert atmosphere to prevent oxidation of work; Special measures for removing fumes from rolling mills B21B0011000000 Subsidising the rolling process by subjecting rollers or work to vibrations B21B0013000000 Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories (B21B0017000000-B21B0023000000; take precedence;details, component parts, accessories, auxiliary means, procedures in connection with metal rolling, see the relevant groups); B21B0013020000 with axes of rolls arranged horizontally B21B0013040000 Three-high arrangement B21B0013060000 with axes of rolls arranged vertically B21B0013080000 with differently-directed roll axes, e.g. for the so-called "universal" rolling process B21B0013100000 all axes being arranged in one plane B21B0013120000 axes being arranged in different planes B21B0013140000 having counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load (counter-pressure devices as such B21B0029000000);; B21B0013160000 with alternatively operative rolls B21B0013180000 for step-by-step or planetary rolling (methods B21B0001420000;making tubes by pilgrim-step rolling B21B0021000000) B21B0013200000 for planetary rolling B21B0013220000 for rolling metal directly from melt B21B0015000000 Arrangements for performing additional metal-working operations specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills B21B0015020000 in which work is subjected to permanent internal twisting, e.g. for producing reinforcement bars for concrete B21B0017000000 Tube-rolling by rollers of which the axes are arranged essentially perpendicular to the axis of the work, e.g. "axial" tube-rolling B21B0017020000 with mandrel rod B21B0017040000 in a continuous process B21B0017060000 in a discontinuous process B21B0017080000 with plug mandrel B21B0017100000 in a continuous process B21B0017120000 in a discontinuous process B21B0017140000 without mandrel B21B0019000000 Tube-rolling by rollers arranged outside the work and having their axes not perpendicular to the axis of the work (straightening by rollers B21D);; B21B0019020000 the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially diagonally to the axis of the work, e.g. "cross" tube-rolling B21B0019040000 Rolling basic material of solid, i.e. non-hollow, structure; Piercing B21B0019060000 Rolling hollow basic material (B21B0019040000 takes precedence;separating work from mandrel B21C0045000000) B21B0019080000 Enlarging tube diameter B21B0019100000 Finishing, e.g. smoothing, sizing B21B0019120000 the axes of the rollers being arranged essentially parallel to the axis of the work B21B0019140000 Rolling tubes by means of additional rollers arranged inside the tubes B21B0019160000 Rolling tubes without additional rollers arranged inside the tubes B21B0021000000 Pilgrim-step tube-rolling B21B0021020000 Rollers therefor B21B0021040000 Pilgrim-step feeding mechanisms (B21B0021060000 takes precedence);; B21B0021060000 Devices for revolving work between the steps B21B0023000000 Tube-rolling not restricted to methods mentioned in only one of groups B21B0017000000-B21B0021000000, e.g. combined processes(B21B0025000000 takes precedence);; B21B0025000000 Mandrels for metal tube rolling mills, e.g. mandrels of the types used in the methods covered by group ; B21B0017000000; Accessories or auxiliary means therefor B21B0025020000 Guides, supports, or abutments for mandrels, e.g. carriages; Adjusting devices for mandrels B21B0025040000 Cooling mandrels during operation B21B0025060000 Interchanging mandrels, with or without cooling B21B0027000000 Shape or construction of rolls (shape of working surfaces required by special processes B21B0001000000);;Maintaining, rolls in effective condition B21B0027020000 Shape or construction of rolls (for rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects B21H0008020000);; B21B0027040000 Devices for reconditioning rolls B21B0027060000 Lubricating, cooling, or heating rolls B21B0027080000 internally B21B0027100000 externally B21B0029000000 Counter-pressure devices acting on rolls to inhibit deflection of same under load, e.g. backing rolls B21B0031000000 Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames B21B0031020000 Rolling stand frames; Roll mountings B21B0031040000 with tie rods, e.g. prestressed tie rods B21B0031060000 Fastening stands or frames to foundation, e.g. to the sole plate (in general F16M);; B21B0031080000 Interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames in rolling stands with alternatively-operative rolls ; B21B0013160000) B21B0031100000 by horizontally displacing B21B0031120000 by vertically displacing B21B0031140000 by pivotally displacing B21B0031160000 Adjusting rolls (control devices B21B0037000000);; B21B0031180000 by moving rolls axially B21B0031200000 by moving rolls perpendicularly to roll axis B21B0031220000 mechanically B21B0031240000 by screws B21B0031260000 Adjusting eccentrically-mounted roll bearings B21B0031280000 by toggle-lever mechanisms B21B0031300000 by wedges or their equivalent B21B0031320000 by liquid pressure B21B0031340000 Pass indicators, i.e. indicating gap between rolls B21B0033000000 Safety devices preventing fracture of rolls (safety devices in general F16P);;Breaker blocks; Devices for freeing jammed rolls B21B0035000000 Drives for metal-rolling mills B21B0035020000 for continuously-operating mills (B21B0035100000, B21B0035120000 take precedence);; B21B0035040000 each stand having its own motor or motors B21B0035060000 for non-continuously-operating mills or for single stands (B21B0035100000, B21B0035120000 take precedence);; B21B0035080000 for reversing rolling mills B21B0035100000 Driving arrangements for rolls which have only a low-power drive; e.g. for idler rolls; Driving arrangements for rolls which receive power from the shaft of another roll B21B0035120000 Toothed-wheel gearings specially adapted for metal-rolling mills; Housings or mountings therefor B21B0035140000 Couplings, driving spindles, or spindle carriers specially adapted for or specially arranged in metal-rolling mills (couplings or shafts in general F16);; B21B0037000000 Control or regulating devices for metal-rolling mills as far as specially adapted for such mills B21B0037020000 responsive to thickness of material B21B0037040000 responsive to slack or deflection of the material (arrangements for control specially associated with devices for guiding or accumulating easily-flexible work in loops or curves B21B0041000000);; B21B0037060000 responsive to tension of the material (B21B0037040000 takes precedence);; B21B0037080000 responsive to rolling pressure, or roll gap responsive B21B0037100000 responsive to temperature, e.g. of the material B21B0037120000 for maintaining automatically constant thickness of product, not fully provided for in one of the groups ; B21B0037020000-B21B0037100000 B21B0037140000 for automatically varying thickness of product according to a predetermined programme B21B0039000000 Arrangements for moving, supporting, or positioning work, or controlling its movement, combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills (guiding, conveying, or accumulating easily-flexible work in loops or curves B21B0041000000;specially associated with cooling-beds B21B0043000000; conveying or transporting in general B65G) B21B0039020000 Feeding or supporting work; Braking or tensioning arrangements B21B0039040000 Lifting or lowering work for conveying purposes, e.g. tilting tables arranged immediately in front of or behind the pass (turn-over or like manipulating means as such B21B0039200000);; B21B0039060000 Pushing or forcing work into pass B21B0039080000 Braking or tensioning arrangements B21B0039100000 Arrangement or installation of feeding rollers in rolling stands B21B0039120000 Arrangement or installation of roller tables in relation to a roll stand B21B0039140000 Guiding, positioning or aligning work (B21B0043120000 takes precedence;guides in which work is subjected to permanent internal twisting B21B0015020000) B21B0039160000 immediately before entering or after leaving the pass B21B0039180000 Switches for directing work in metal-rolling mills or trains B21B0039200000 Revolving, turning-over, or like manipulation of work (guides in which work is subjected to permanent internal twisting B21B0015020000);; B21B0039220000 by tipping, e.g. by lifting one side by levers or wedges (B21B0039260000, B21B0039280000 take precedence);; B21B0039240000 by tongs or grippers B21B0039260000 by members, e.g. grooved, engaging opposite sides of the work and moved relatively to each other to revolve the work B21B0039280000 by means of guide members shaped to revolve the work during its passage B21B0039300000 by lodging it in a rotating ring manipulator or ring segment manipulator B21B0039320000 Devices specially adapted for turning sheets B21B0039340000 Arrangements or constructional combinations specifically designed to perform functions covered by more than one of groups ; B21B0039020000, B21B0039140000, B21B0039200000 B21B0041000000 Guiding, conveying, or accumulating easily-flexible work, e.g. wire, sheet metal bands, in loops or curves; Loop lifters B21B0041020000 Returning work to repeat the pass or passes B21B0041040000 above or underneath the rolling stand or rolls B21B0041060000 in which the direction of movement of the work is turned through approximately 180° B21B0041080000 without overall change in the general direction of movement of the work B21B0041100000 Loop deflectors B21B0041120000 Arrangements of interest only with respect to provision for indicating or controlling operations B21B0043000000 Cooling beds, whether stationary or moving; Means specially associated with cooling beds, for braking work or for transferring it to or from the bed (conveying means in general B65G);; B21B0043020000 Cooling beds comprising rakes (B21B0043100000 takes precedence);; B21B0043040000 Cooling beds comprising rolls or worms B21B0043060000 Cooling beds comprising carriages (B21B0043080000 takes precedence);; B21B0043080000 Cooling beds comprising revolving drums or recycling chains B21B0043100000 Cooling beds with other work-shifting elements projecting through the bed B21B0043120000 Devices for positioning workpieces "flushed", i.e. with all their axial ends arranged in line on cooling beds or on co-operating transverse conveyers B21B0045000000 Devices for surface treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills (B21B0015000000 takes precedence;technical features of scaling-off devices B21C0043000000) B21B0045020000 for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning B21B0045040000 for de-scaling B21B0045060000 of strip material (B21B0045080000 takes precedence);; B21B0045080000 hydraulically B21B0047000000 Auxiliary arrangements, devices or methods in connection with rolling of multi-layer sheets of metal B21B0047020000 for folding sheets before rolling B21B0047040000 for separating layers after rolling B21C MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL B21C0001000000 Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing B21C0001020000 Drawing metal wire or like flexible metallic material by drawing machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by drums B21C0001040000 with two or more dies operating in series B21C0001060000 in which the material slips on the drums B21C0001080000 in which the material does not slip on the drums B21C0001100000 with accumulation of material between consecutively-arranged dies B21C0001120000 Regulating or controlling speed of drawing drums, e.g. to influence tension; Drives; Stop or relief mechanisms (couplings for drums B21C0001140000;design or construction of electrical equipment, see the relevant classes); B21C0001140000 Drums, e.g. capstans (capstans or winches in general B66D);;Connection of grippers thereto; Grippers specially adapted for drawing machines or apparatus of the drum type; Couplings specially adapted for these drums B21C0001160000 Metal drawing by machines or apparatus in which the drawing action is effected by other means than drums, e.g. by a longitudinally-moved carriage pulling or pushing the work or stock for making metal sheets, bars, or tubes B21C0001180000 from stock of limited length (B21C0001220000 takes precedence);; B21C0001200000 from stock of essentially unlimited length (B21C0001220000 takes precedence);; B21C0001220000 specially adapted for making tubular articles (bending sheet metal into tubular form by drawing B21D0005100000);; B21C0001240000 by means of mandrels (mandrels B21C0003160000);; B21C0001260000 Push-bench drawing B21C0001270000 Carriages; Drives B21C0001280000 Carriages; Connections of grippers thereto; Grippers (for drawing machines of the drum type B21C0001140000);; B21C0001300000 Drives, e.g. carriage-traversing mechanisms; Driving elements, e.g. drawing chains; Controlling the drive B21C0001320000 Feeding or discharging the material or mandrels B21C0001340000 Guiding or supporting the material or mandrels B21C0003000000 Profiling tools for metal drawing; Combinations of dies and mandrels B21C0003020000 Dies; Selection of material therefor; Cleaning thereof B21C0003040000 with non-adjustable section (B21C0003080000 takes precedence);; B21C0003060000 with adjustable section (B21C0003080000 takes precedence);; B21C0003080000 with section defined by rollers, balls, or the like B21C0003100000 with hydraulic forces acting immediately on work B21C0003120000 Die holders; Rotating dies B21C0003140000 Die holders combined with devices for guiding the drawing material or combined with devices for cooling, heating, or lubricating B21C0003160000 Mandrels (separating mandrels from work B21C0045000000);;Mounting or adjusting same B21C0003180000 Making tools by operations not covered by a single other sub-class; Repairing B21C0005000000 Pointing; Push-pointing B21C0009000000 Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material (B21C0003140000 takes precedence);; B21C0009020000 Selection of compositions therefor B21C0019000000 Devices for straightening wire or like work combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with drawing or winding machines or apparatus B21C0023000000 Extruding metal; Impact extrusion B21C0023010000 starting from material of particular form or shape, e.g. mechanically pre-treated (B21C0023220000 takes precedence;heat treatment or combinations thereof with mechanical treatments, see appropriate classes); B21C0023020000 Making uncoated products B21C0023030000 by both direct and backward extrusion B21C0023040000 by direct extrusion B21C0023060000 Making sheets B21C0023080000 Making wire, bars, tubes B21C0023100000 Making finned tubes B21C0023120000 Extruding bent tubes or rods B21C0023140000 Making other products B21C0023160000 Making turbo blades or propellers B21C0023180000 by impact extrusion B21C0023200000 by backward extrusion B21C0023210000 Presses specially adapted for extruding metal (extrusion presses in general B30B0011220000);; B21C0023220000 Making metal-coated products; Making products from two or more metals B21C0023240000 Covering indefinite lengths of metal or non-metal material with a metal coating B21C0023260000 Applying metal coats to cables, e.g. to insulated electric cables B21C0023280000 on intermittently-operating extrusion presses B21C0023300000 on continuously-operating extrusion presses B21C0023320000 Lubrication of metal being extruded or of dies, etc., e.g. physical state of lubricant, location where lubricant is applied (chemical composition, see appropriate classes);; B21C0025000000 Profiling tools for metal extruding B21C0025020000 Dies B21C0025040000 Mandrels B21C0025060000 Press heads, dies, or mandrels for coating work B21C0025080000 Dies or mandrels with section variable during extruding, e.g. for making tapered work; Controlling variation B21C0025100000 Making tools by operations not covered by a single other sub-class B21C0027000000 Containers for metal to be extruded (B21C0029020000 takes precedence);; B21C0027020000 for making coated work B21C0027040000 Venting metal-container chamber B21C0029000000 Cooling or heating work or parts of the extrusion press B21C0029020000 of containers for metal to be extruded B21C0029040000 of press heads, dies, or mandrels B21C0031000000 Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal (B21C0025080000 takes precedence);;Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses B21C0033000000 Feeding extrusion presses with metal to be extruded B21C0033020000 the metal being in liquid form B21C0035000000 Removing work or waste from extruding presses; Drawing-off extruded work (in connection with the extruding of bent tubes or rods B21C0023120000);;Cleaning dies, ducts or mandrels B21C0035020000 Removing or drawing-off work B21C0035030000 Straightening the work B21C0035040000 Cutting-off or removing waste B21C0035060000 Cleaning dies, ducts or mandrels B21C0037000000 Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for (by drawing or extruding, in the relevant groupsby rolling B21B; by working or processing ready-manufactured sheet metal, profiles, tubes, or wire B21D; or B21F; by casting B22; by material-removing machine tools B23; plating B23P0003000000; by grinding or polishing B24; by electroforming C23B0007000000); Manufacture of tubes of special shape B21C0037020000 of sheets B21C0037040000 of bars or wire B21C0037060000 of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes (bending sheets for making tubes B21D0005000000;seaming by folding B21D0039020000) B21C0037080000 Making tubes with welded or soldered seams (involving only a soldering or welding operation B23K);; B21C0037083000 Supply, or operations combined with supply, of strip material B21C0037087000 using rods or strips of soldering material B21C0037090000 of coated strip material B21C0037100000 Making tubes with riveted seams B21C0037120000 Making tubes or metal hoses with helically arranged seams B21C0037140000 Making tubes from doubled flat material B21C0037150000 Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings B21C0037160000 Making tubes with varying diameter in longitudinal direction B21C0037180000 conical tubes B21C0037200000 Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies B21C0037220000 Making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip or like material to tubes (making heat exchangers B21D0053020000);; B21C0037240000 annularly-ribbed tubes B21C0037260000 helically-ribbed tubes B21C0037280000 Making tube fittings for connecting pipes, e.g. U-pieces B21C0037290000 Making branched pieces, e.g. T-pieces B21C0037300000 Finishing tubes, e.g. sizing, burnishing (finishing operations per, see the relevant classes);; B21C0043000000 Devices for cleaning metal products combined with or specially adapted for use with machines or apparatus provided for in this sub-class B21C0043020000 combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with drawing or winding machines or apparatus B21C0043040000 Devices for de-scaling wire or like flexible work B21C0045000000 Separating mandrels from work or ; vice versa B21C0047000000 Winding-up, coiling or winding-off metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material characterised by features relevant to metal processing only (coiling wire into particular forms B21F0003000000;winding or unwinding in general, regulating or controlling winding speed controlling of tension of material, drives B65H; hot coilers in connection with heat-treatment apparatus C21D0009680000) B21C0047020000 Winding-up or coiling B21C0047040000 on or in reels or drums, without using a moving guide (reels or drums B21C0047280000);; B21C0047060000 with loaded rollers, bolts, or equivalent means holding the material on the reel or drum B21C0047080000 without making use of a reel or drum, the first turn being formed by a stationary guide B21C0047100000 by means of a moving guide B21C0047120000 the guide moving parallel to the axis of the coil (B21C0047140000 takes precedence);; B21C0047140000 by means of a rotating guide, e.g. laying the material around a stationary reel or drum B21C0047160000 Unwinding or uncoiling B21C0047180000 from reels or drums B21C0047200000 the unreeled material moving transversely to the tangent line of the drum, e.g. axially, radially B21C0047220000 Unwinding coils without reels or drums B21C0047240000 Transferring coils to or from winding apparatus or to or from operative position therein; Preventing uncoiling during transfer B21C0047260000 Special arrangements with regard to simultaneous or subsequent treatment of the material B21C0047280000 Drums or other coil-holders (gripping means B21C0047320000);; B21C0047300000 expansible or contractible B21C0047320000 Tongs or gripping means specially adapted for reeling operations B21C0047340000 Feeding or guiding devices not specially adapted to a particular type of apparatus B21C0049000000 Devices for temporarily accumulating material (in general B65H);; B21C0051000000 Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with sub-classes ; B21B-B21F B21D WORKING AND PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL AND METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING (operations of the kind involved in the manufacture of such products per B21B, B21C;working or processing of wire B21F; cutting or severing devices or machines in general B26) B21D0001000000 Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom (B21D0003000000 takes precedence);;Stretching sheet metal (stretch-forming B21D0011020000;by localised hammering B21D0031060000) B21D0001020000 by rollers (B21D0001040000, B21D0001060000 take precedence);; B21D0001040000 Stretching B21D0001050000 combined with rolling B21D0001060000 Removing local distortions B21D0001080000 of hollow bodies made from sheet metal (of substantially open bodies B21D0001100000);; B21D0001100000 of specific articles made from sheet metal, e.g. mudguards B21D0001120000 Straightening vehicle body parts or bodies (B21D0001140000 takes precedence);; B21D0001140000 Straightening frame structures B21D0003000000 Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts (straightening of well casings in situ E21B);; B21D0003020000 by rollers B21D0003040000 arranged on stationary axes skew to the path of the work B21D0003060000 arranged inclined to a revolving flier rolling frame B21D0003080000 which move in an orbit without rotating round the work B21D0003100000 between rams and anvils or abutments B21D0003120000 by stretching with or without twisting (by twisting only B21D0011140000);; B21D0003140000 Recontouring B21D0003160000 of specific articles made from metal rods, tubes, or profiles, e.g. crankshafts, by specially-adapted methods or means B21D0005000000 Bending sheet metal along straight lines, e.g. to form simple curves (B21D0011020000-B21D0011180000; take precedence;as edge treatment B21D0019000000) B21D0005010000 between rams and anvils or abutments B21D0005020000 on press brakes without making use of clamping means B21D0005040000 on brakes making use of clamping means on one side of the work B21D0005060000 by drawing procedure making use of dies or forming-rollers, e.g. making profiles B21D0005080000 making use of forming-rollers (B21D0005120000 takes precedence);; B21D0005100000 for making tubes B21D0005120000 making use of forming-rollers B21D0005140000 by passing between rollers (B21D0005060000 takes precedence);; B21D0005160000 Folding; Pleating B21D0007000000 Bending rods, profiles, or tubes (B21D0011020000-B21D0011180000; take precedence;using mandrels or the like B21D0009000000) B21D0007020000 over a stationary forming member; Bending by use of a swinging forming-member or abutment B21D0007024000 by a swinging forming member B21D0007025000 and pulling or pushing the ends of the work B21D0007028000 and altering the profile at the same time, e.g. forming bumpers B21D0007030000 Apparatus with means to keep the profile in shape B21D0007040000 over a movably-arranged forming member (B21D0007020000 takes precedence);; B21D0007060000 in press brakes or between rams and anvils or abutments; Pliers with forming dies B21D0007080000 by passing between rollers or through a curved die B21D0007100000 by abutting members and flexible bending means, e.g. with chains, ropes B21D0007120000 with programme control B21D0007140000 combined with measuring of bends or lengths B21D0007160000 Auxiliary equipment, e.g. for heating or cooling of bends B21D0009000000 Bending tubes using mandrels or the like (B21D0011020000-B21D0011180000; take precedence);; B21D0009010000 the mandrel being flexible and engaging the entire tube length B21D0009030000 and built-up from loose elements, e.g. series of balls B21D0009050000 co-operating with forming-members B21D0009070000 with one or more swinging forming members engaging tube ends only B21D0009080000 in press brakes or between rams and anvils or abutments; Pliers with forming dies B21D0009100000 by passing between rollers B21D0009120000 by pushing over a curved mandrel; by pushing through a curved die B21D0009140000 Wrinkle-bending, i.e. bending by corrugating B21D0009160000 Auxiliary equipment, e.g. machines for filling tubes with sand B21D0009180000 for heating or cooling of bends B21D0011000000 Bending not restricted to materials mentioned in only one of groups ; B21D0005000000, B21D0007000000, B21D0009000000; Bending not provided for in groups B21D0005000000-B21D0009000000; (corrugating or bending into wave form B21D0013000000, B21D0015000000;flanging B21D0019000000) B21D0011020000 by stretching or pulling over a die (deep-drawing B21D0022200000);; B21D0011040000 Clamping arrangements B21D0011060000 Bending into helical or spiral form; Forming a succession of return bends, e.g. serpentine form (making helically seamed tubing B21C0037120000);; B21D0011070000 Making serpentine-shaped articles by bending essentially in one plane B21D0011080000 by altering the thickness of part of the cross-section of the work (B21D0011060000 takes precedence);; B21D0011100000 Bending specially adapted to produce specific articles, e.g. leaf springs B21D0011120000 the articles being reinforcements for concrete B21D0011140000 by twisting B21D0011150000 reinforcing rods for concrete B21D0011160000 crankshafts B21D0011180000 Joggling B21D0011200000 Bending sheet metal, not otherwise provided for B21D0011220000 Auxiliary equipment, e.g. positioning devices B21D0013000000 Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form (tubes B21D0015000000);; B21D0013020000 by pressing B21D0013040000 by rolling B21D0013060000 by drawing B21D0013080000 by combined methods B21D0013100000 into a peculiar profiling shape B21D0015000000 Corrugating tubes (wrinkle-bending B21D0009140000);;Bending tubes into wave form B21D0015020000 longitudinally B21D0015030000 by applying fluid pressure B21D0015040000 transversely, e.g. helically B21D0015060000 annularly B21D0015100000 by applying fluid pressure B21D0015120000 Bending tubes into wave form B21D0017000000 Forming single grooves in sheet metal or tubular or hollow articles B21D0017020000 by pressing (grooving or notching of bolts, studs, or the like B21K0001540000);; B21D0017040000 by rolling B21D0019000000 Flanging or other edge treatment, e.g. of tubes (connecting by making use of folds B21D0039000000;flaring out tube ends B21D0041020000) B21D0019020000 by continuously-acting tools moving along the edge (edge-curling B21D0019120000);; B21D0019040000 shaped as rollers B21D0019060000 working inwardly B21D0019080000 by single or successive action of pressing tools, e.g. vice jaws B21D0019100000 working inwardly B21D0019120000 Edge-curling B21D0019140000 Reinforcing edges, e.g. armouring same B21D0019160000 Reverse flanging of tube ends B21D0021000000 Combined processes according to methods covered by groups ; B21D0001000000-B21D0019000000 B21D0022000000 Shaping without cutting, by stamping, spinning, or deep-drawing (otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads B21D0026000000);; B21D0022020000 Stamping using rigid devices or tools B21D0022040000 for dimpling (combined with perforating B21D0028240000);; B21D0022060000 having relatively-movable die parts B21D0022080000 with die parts on rotating carriers B21D0022100000 Stamping using yieldable or resilient pads B21D0022120000 using enclosed flexible chambers B21D0022140000 Spinning B21D0022160000 over shaping mandrels or formers B21D0022180000 using tools guided to produce the required profile B21D0022200000 Deep-drawing (special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses B21D0024000000);; B21D0022220000 with devices for holding the edge of the blanks (B21D0022240000-B21D0022300000; take precedence;shaping over a die without external former B21D0011020000) B21D0022240000 involving two drawing operations having effects in opposite directions with respect to the blank B21D0022260000 for making peculiarly, e.g. irregularly, shaped articles B21D0022280000 of cylindrical articles using consecutive dies B21D0022300000 to finish articles formed by deep-drawing B21D0024000000 Special deep-drawing arrangements in, or in connection with, presses B21D0024020000 Die-cushions B21D0024040000 Blank holders; Mounting means therefor B21D0024060000 Mechanically spring-loaded blank holders B21D0024080000 Pneumatically or hydraulically loaded blank holders B21D0024100000 Devices controlling or operating blank holders independently, or in conjunction with dies B21D0024120000 mechanically B21D0024140000 pneumatically or hydraulically B21D0024160000 Additional equipment in association with the tools, e.g. for shearing, for trimming B21D0026000000 Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads namely, applying direct pressure or magnetic forces B21D0026020000 by applying direct pressure B21D0026040000 low pressure, e.g. fluid pressure B21D0026060000 by shock waves B21D0026080000 generated by explosives, e.g. chemical explosives B21D0026100000 generated by evaporation, e.g. of wire, of liquids B21D0026120000 initiated by spark discharge B21D0026140000 applying magnetic forces B21D0028000000 Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating B21D0028020000 Punching blanks or articles with or without obtaining scrap (cutting nails or pins from strips or sheet material B21G0003260000);;Notching B21D0028040000 Centering the work; Positioning the tools B21D0028060000 Making more than one part out of the same blank; Scrapless working B21D0028080000 Zig-zag sequence working B21D0028100000 Incompletely punching in such a manner that the parts are still coherent with the work B21D0028120000 Punching using rotatable carriers B21D0028140000 Dies (ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in punching machines or tools B21D0045000000);; B21D0028160000 Shoulder or burr prevention B21D0028180000 Yieldable, e.g. rubber, punching pads B21D0028200000 Applications of drives B21D0028220000 Notching the peripheries of circular blanks, e.g. laminations for dynamo-electric machines B21D0028240000 Perforating, i.e. punching holes B21D0028260000 in sheets or flat parts B21D0028280000 in tubes or other hollow bodies B21D0028300000 in annular parts, e.g. rims B21D0028320000 in other articles of special shape B21D0028340000 Perforating tools; Die holders B21D0028360000 using rotatable work or tool holders B21D0031000000 Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles (deforming one surface of tubes helically by rolling B21H0003000000;upsetting B21J0005080000; working metal by removing material therefrom B23; embossing B44B) B21D0031020000 Stabbing or piercing, e.g. for making sieves (dimpling B21D0022040000;perforating by punching B21D0028240000) B21D0031040000 Expanding other than provided for in groups B21D0001000000-B21D0028000000, e.g. for making open mesh(enlarging tube ends B21D0041020000;in making statical constructions B21D0047000000) B21D0031060000 Deforming sheet metal, tubes or profiles by sequential impacts, e.g. hammering, beating (forging hammers B21J0007000000);; B21D0033000000 Special measures in connection with working metal foils, e.g. gold foil B21D0035000000 Combined processes according to methods covered by groups B21D0001000000-B21D0031000000; (B21D0021000000 takes precedence);; B21D0037000000 Tools as parts of machines dealt with in this sub-class (forms or constructions of tools uniquely adapted for particular operations in the relevant groups for the operations); B21D0037020000 Die constructions enabling assembly of the die parts in different ways (B21D0037060000 takes precedence);; B21D0037040000 Movable or exchangeable mountings for tools B21D0037060000 Pivotally-arranged tools, e.g. disengageable (die sets with dies pivoted to one another B21D0037120000);; B21D0037080000 Dies with different parts for several steps in a process B21D0037100000 Die sets; Pillar guides B21D0037120000 Particular guiding equipment, e.g. pliers; Special arrangements for interconnection or co-operation of dies B21D0037140000 Peculiar arrangements for handling and holding in place complete dies B21D0037160000 Heating or cooling B21D0037180000 Lubricating B21D0037200000 Making tools by operations not covered a single other sub-class B21D0039000000 Application of procedures in order to connect objects or parts, e.g. coating with sheet metal otherwise than by plating (riveting B21J;uniting components by forging or pressing to form integral members B21K0025000000; welding B23K; press-fitting, force-fitting, or shrinking in general B23P0011000000, B23P0019000000; by adhesives F16B0011000000); Tube expanders B21D0039020000 of sheet metal by folding, e.g. connecting edges of a sheet to form a cylinder B21D0039040000 of tubes with tubes; of tubes with rods B21D0039060000 of tubes in openings, e.g. rolling-in B21D0039080000 Tube expanders B21D0039100000 with rollers for expanding only B21D0039120000 with rollers for expanding and flanging B21D0039140000 with balls B21D0039160000 with torque limiting devices B21D0039180000 Rollers of special shape B21D0041000000 Application of procedures in order to alter the diameter of tube ends (B21D0039000000 takes precedence);; B21D0041020000 Enlarging B21D0041040000 Reducing; Closing B21D0043000000 Feeding, aligning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working and processing sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles or metal blanks; Associations therewith of cutting devices (cutting devices associated with the tool, see the relevant group for the tool);; B21D0043020000 Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool B21D0043040000 by means in mechanical engagement with the work B21D0043050000 specially adapted for multi-stage presses B21D0043060000 by positive or negative engaging parts co-operating with corresponding parts of the sheet or the like to be processed, e.g. carrier bolts or grooved section in the carriers B21D0043080000 by rollers B21D0043100000 by grippers B21D0043120000 by chains or belts B21D0043140000 by turning devices, e.g. turn-tables B21D0043160000 by gravity, e.g. chutes B21D0043180000 by means in pneumatic or magnetic engagement with the work B21D0043200000 Storage arrangements; Piling or unpiling (in general B65G, B65H);; B21D0043220000 Devices for piling sheets B21D0043240000 Devices for removing sheets from a stack B21D0043260000 Stops B21D0043280000 Associations of cutting devices therewith B21D0045000000 Ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in machines or tools dealt with in this sub-class B21D0047000000 Making statical construction e.g. honeycomb structures B21D0047020000 Making beams or pillars by expanding B21D0047040000 Making composite sheet metal profiles B21D0049000000 Sheathing or stiffening objects (by winding wire or tape thereon B65H0054000000, B65H0081000000;specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables H01B0013260000) B21D0051000000 Making hollow objects (from thick-walled or non-uniform tubes B21K0021000000);; B21D0051020000 not characterised by the particular use (cans or tins B21D0051260000);; B21D0051040000 built-up objects, e.g. objects with rigidly-attached bottom or cover B21D0051060000 folded objects B21D0051080000 ball-shaped objects B21D0051100000 conically or cylindrically shaped objects B21D0051120000 objects with corrugated walls B21D0051140000 Flattening hollow objects for transport or storage; Re-forming same (making tubes from doubled flat material B21C0037140000);; B21D0051160000 characterised by the particular structure or use B21D0051180000 vessels, e.g. tubs, vats, tanks, sinks, or the like B21D0051200000 barrels B21D0051220000 pots, e.g. for cooking B21D0051240000 high-pressure containers, e.g. boilers, bottles B21D0051260000 cans or tins; Closing same in a permanent manner (closing outlets B21D0051380000);; B21D0051280000 Folding the longitudinal seam B21D0051300000 Folding the circumferential seam B21D0051320000 by rolling B21D0051340000 by pressing B21D0051360000 collapsible or like thin-walled tubes, e.g. for toothpaste B21D0051380000 Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels B21D0051400000 Making outlet openings, e.g. bung holes B21D0051420000 Making or attaching spouts B21D0051440000 Making closures, e.g. caps (folded of thin metal foils in the way of making paper caps B31D0005000000;making closures in conjunction with applying same B67B) B21D0051460000 Placing sealings or sealing material B21D0051480000 Making crown caps B21D0051500000 Making screw caps B21D0051520000 boxes, cigarette cases, or the like B21D0051540000 cartridge cases, e.g. for ammunition, for letter carriers in pneumatic-tube plants B21D0053000000 Making other particular articles (making chains or chain parts B21L);; B21D0053020000 heat exchangers, e.g. radiators, condensers (by inflating sheets or strips secured together locally, e.g. along lines defining passages B21D0026020000;making finned or ribbed tubes by fixing strip material or like to tubes B21C0037220000) B21D0053040000 of sheet metal B21D0053060000 of metal tubes B21D0053080000 of both metal tubes and sheet metal (connecting tubes in openings B21D0039060000);; B21D0053100000 parts of bearings; sleeves; valve seats or the like B21D0053120000 cages for bearings B21D0053140000 belts, e.g. machine-gun belts B21D0053160000 rings, e.g. barrel hoops B21D0053180000 of hollow or C-shaped cross-section, e.g. for curtains, for eyelets B21D0053200000 washers, e.g. for sealing B21D0053220000 with means for preventing rotation B21D0053240000 nuts or like thread-engaging members B21D0053260000 wheels or the like B21D0053280000 gear wheels B21D0053300000 wheel rims B21D0053320000 wheel covers B21D0053340000 brake drums B21D0053360000 clips, clamps, or like fastening or attaching devices, e.g. for electric installation B21D0053380000 locksmith's goods, e.g. handles B21D0053400000 hinges, e.g. door hinge plates B21D0053420000 keys B21D0053440000 fancy goods, e.g. jewellery products (making wire fabrics B21F);; B21D0053460000 haberdashery, e.g. buckles, combs; pronged fasteners, e.g. staples B21D0053480000 buttons, e.g. press-buttons, snap fasteners B21D0053500000 metal slide-fastener parts B21D0053520000 fastener elements; Attaching such elements so far as this procedure is combined with the process for making the elements B21D0053540000 slides B21D0053560000 stops B21D0053580000 end-pieces for laces or ropes B21D0053600000 cutlery wares; garden tools or the like B21D0053620000 spoons; table forks B21D0053640000 knives; scissors; cutting blades (B21D0053720000 takes precedence;handle portions B21D0053700000) B21D0053660000 spades; shovels (handle portions B21D0053700000);; B21D0053680000 rakes, garden forks, or the like (handle portions B21D0053700000);; B21D0053700000 handle portions (B21D0053720000 takes precedence);; B21D0053720000 sickles; scythes B21D0053740000 frames for openings, e.g. for windows, doors, handbags B21D0053760000 writing or drawing instruments, e.g. writing pens, erasing pens B21D0053780000 propeller blades; turbine blades B21D0053800000 dustproof covers; safety covers B21D0053820000 perforated music sheets; pattern sheets, e.g. for control purposes, stencils B21D0053840000 other parts for engines, e.g. connecting-rods B21D0053860000 other parts for bicycles or motorcycles B21D0053880000 other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards B21D0053900000 axle-housings B21D0053920000 other parts for aircraft B21D0055000000 Safety devices protecting the machine or the operator, specially adapted for apparatus or machines dealt with in this sub-class (for presses in general B30B;safety devices in general F16P) B21F WORKING AND PROCESSING OF WIRE (reducing diameter by rolling B21B;by drawing, auxiliary operations used in connection with metal-working without essentially removing material B21C) B21F0001000000 Bending wire other than coiling; Straightening wire B21F0001020000 Straightening B21F0001040000 Undulating B21F0001060000 Bending wire-eyes B21F0003000000 Coiling wire into particular forms B21F0003020000 helically B21F0003027000 with extended ends formed in a special shape, e.g. for clothes-pegs B21F0003040000 externally on a mandrel or the like B21F0003060000 internally on a hollow form B21F0003080000 to flat spiral B21F0003100000 to spirals other than flat, e.g. conical B21F0003120000 of interconnected helical springs B21F0005000000 Upsetting wire (in the manufacture of nails or pins B21G0003120000);; B21F0007000000 Twisting wire; Twisting wire together (for connections of limited size B21F0015040000);; B21F0009000000 Straining wire (straining prestressing wires for concrete E04G0021120000;connections or attachments adapted for straining F16G0011000000) B21F0009020000 by tools adapted also for making connections B21F0011000000 Cutting wire (hand cutting tools B26B);; B21F0013000000 Splitting wire B21F0015000000 Connecting wire to wire or other metallic material or objects; Connecting parts by means of wire (tools for both straining and connecting B21F0009000000;jacketing or reinforcing B21F0017000000; manufacture of wire network B21F0027000000; in making bands B21F0043000000) B21F0015020000 wire with wire B21F0015040000 without additional connecting elements or material, e.g. by twisting B21F0015060000 with additional connecting elements or material B21F0015080000 making use of soldering or welding B21F0015100000 wire with sheet metal B21F0017000000 Jacketing or reinforcing articles with wire (by winding B65H0054000000, B65H0081000000;by braiding D04C) B21F0019000000 Metallic coating of wire (by extruding B21C0023240000;by welding technique B23K; electroplating C23B; by other non-mechanical means C23) B21F0021000000 Working or processing wire not otherwise provided for B21F0023000000 Feeding wire in wire-working machines or apparatus (applicable also to feeding rods or strips B21D0043000000);; B21F0025000000 Making barbed wire B21F0027000000 Making wire network; Wire netings (meshed-ring network B21F0031000000;in making bands B21F0043000000; using looms D03D) B21F0027020000 without additional connecting elements or material at crossings, e.g. connected by knitting B21F0027040000 Manufacturing on machines with rotating blades or formers B21F0027060000 Manufacturing on twister-gear machines B21F0027080000 with additional connecting elements or material at crossings B21F0027100000 with soldered or welded crossings B21F0027120000 Making special types or portions of network by methods or means specially adapted therefor B21F0027140000 Specially bending or deforming free wire ends B21F0027160000 for spring mattresses B21F0027180000 of meshed work for filters or sieves B21F0027200000 of plaster-carrying network B21F0027220000 of network for wire-reinforced glass or the like B21F0029000000 Making other fencing or like material made partly of wire B21F0029020000 comprising bars or the like connected by wires B21F0031000000 Making meshed-ring network from wire B21F0033000000 Tools or devices specially designed for handling or processing wire fabrics or the like B21F0033020000 Mounting of wire network on frames B21F0033040000 Connecting ends of helical springs for mattresses B21F0035000000 Making springs from wire (by coiling wire B21F0003000000;making resilient rings B21F0037020000) B21F0035020000 Bending or deforming ends of coil springs to special shape B21F0035040000 Making flat springs, e.g. sinus springs B21F0037000000 Manufacture of rings from wire (in chain making B21L;making of tyre beads B29H0017320000) B21F0037020000 or resilient rings, e.g. key-rings B21F0037040000 of washers (B21F0037020000 takes precedence);; B21F0039000000 Making wheel spokes from wire B21F0041000000 Making umbrella frames or members from wire B21F0043000000 Making bands, e.g. bracelets, or wire (making chains B21L;using looms D03D) B21F0045000000 Wire-working in the manufacture of other particular articles (of pins, needles, nails, hairpins B21G;of chains B21L) B21F0045020000 of clothes hangers B21F0045040000 of elements, e.g. levers or links, for bottle stoppers B21F0045060000 of flexible shafts or hollow conduits, e.g. for Bowden mechanisms B21F0045080000 of loom heddles B21F0045100000 of cards for fabric-napping machines B21F0045120000 of fishing hooks B21F0045140000 of end-pieces for laces or ropes B21F0045160000 of devices for fastening or securing purposes B21F0045180000 of slide fastener elements B21F0045200000 of spring hooks; of spring safety hooks B21F0045220000 of paper fasteners or clips (staples B21F0045240000);; B21F0045240000 of staples; of belt-fastening elements B21F0045260000 of buttons B21F0045280000 of "patent-fastener" or press-button type B21G MAKING NEEDLES, PINS, OR NAILS B21G0001000000 Making needles used for performing operations (U-shaped hairpins B21G0007040000);; B21G0001020000 of needles with eyes, e.g. sewing-needles, sewing-awls B21G0001040000 of needles specially adapted for use in machines or tools B21G0001060000 of needles with hook or barb, e.g. crochet hooks B21G0001080000 of hollow needles or needles with hollow end, e.g. hypodermic needles, larding-needles (B21G0001100000 takes precedence);; B21G0001100000 equipped with locking means for the material to be drawn through, e.g. for repairing tubeless tyres B21G0001120000 Securing, cleaning-off burrs, reconditioning, polishing, grinding (takes precedence over B21G0001020000-B21G0001100000); B21G0003000000 Making pins or nails (of pins with individual caps B21G0005000000;of U-like shape B21G0007000000; of split-pins B21G0007080000) B21G0003020000 of pins of the kind used in the tailoring trade or the household B21G0003040000 with locking or shielding device for the pin point, e.g. safety-pins B21G0003060000 of nails with shoulders B21G0003080000 of nails with head and two or more shanks or split shanks B21G0003100000 of undulated nails or pins B21G0003120000 Upsetting; Forming heads B21G0003140000 Reducing diameter of parts otherwise than by rolling B21G0003160000 Pointing with or without cutting B21G0003180000 by operations not restricted to one of the groups B21G0003120000-B21G0003160000; (B21G0003060000-B21G0003100000; take precedence);; B21G0003200000 from wire of indefinite length (by rolling B21G0003300000);; B21G0003220000 in pairs arranged head to head B21G0003240000 by simultaneously forming the head of one nail and the adjacent point of another B21G0003260000 by cutting from strip or sheet material B21G0003280000 by forging or pressing B21G0003300000 by rolling B21G0003320000 Feeding material to be worked to nail or pin making machines B21G0005000000 Making pins or nails with attached caps or with coated heads B21G0005020000 of drawing-pins or pins of drawing-pin type B21G0007000000 Making pins of U-like shape or split-pins (of paper fasteners or staples B21D0053460000, B21F0045160000);; B21G0007020000 of U-like shape B21G0007040000 of hairpins B21G0007060000 of undulated hairpins B21G0007080000 of split-pins, e.g. cotter-pins B21H MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS (essentially from sheet metal B21D);; B21H0001000000 Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution (rolling tubes B21B0017000000-B21B0025000000); B21H0001020000 discs; disc wheels B21H0001040000 with rim, e.g. railway wheels B21H0001060000 rings of restricted axial length (extending closed shapes of metal bands by simultaneous rolling at two or more zones B21B0005000000);; B21H0001080000 railway wheel rims B21H0001100000 rims for pneumatic tyres B21H0001120000 rings for ball or roller bearings B21H0001140000 balls, rollers, cone rollers, or like bodies B21H0001160000 for bearings B21H0001180000 cylinders, e.g. rolled transversely B21H0001200000 rolled longitudinally B21H0003000000 Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape (helical gears B21H0005000000;forming tubes or tube walls into helical shape B21D0011060000, B21D0015040000) B21H0003020000 external screw-threads B21H0003040000 Making by means of profiled rolls B21H0003060000 Making by means of profiled members other than rolls, e.g. jaws, moved longitudinally or curvilinearly with respect to each other B21H0003080000 internal screw-threads B21H0003100000 twist-drills; screw-taps B21H0003120000 articles with helicoidal surface (bending strip or the like helically B21D0011060000);; B21H0005000000 Making gear wheels B21H0005020000 with cylindrical outline B21H0005040000 bevel gears B21H0007000000 Making articles not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. agricultural tools, dinner forks, knives, spoons (nails, pins B21G0003300000);; B21H0007020000 spades; shovels B21H0007040000 hoes B21H0007060000 ploughshares; axes B21H0007080000 forks; rakes B21H0007100000 knives; sickles; scythes B21H0007120000 horse-shoes; articles of like shape, e.g. wear-resisting attachments for shoes B21H0007140000 knurled articles B21H0007160000 turbine blades; compressor blades; propeller blades B21H0007180000 grooved pins; Rolling grooves, e.g. oil grooves, in articles B21H0008000000 Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects B21H0008020000 Rolls of special shape B21H0009000000 Feeding arrangements for rolling machines or apparatus manufacturing articles dealt with in this sub-class B21H0009020000 for screw-rolling machines B21J FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES (making particular products by forging or pressing B21K;plating or pressure finishing or surfaces B23P0003000000; general features of presses, presses for consolidating scrap B30B; furnaces in general F27) B21J0001000000 Preparing metal stock B21J0001020000 Preliminary treatment of metal stock without particular shaping, e.g. salvaging segregated zones, forging or pressing in the rough (modifying the physical properties by deformation C21D0007000000, C22F0001000000);; B21J0001040000 Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing B21J0001060000 Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations B21J0003000000 Lubricating during forging or pressing (lubricating in general F16N);; B21J0005000000 Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing (for working sheet metal or metal tubes, rods, or profiles B21D;for working wire B21F); Special equipment or accessories therefor B21J0005020000 Die forging; Trimming by making use of special dies B21J0005040000 by directly applied fluid pressure or explosive action B21J0005060000 for performing particular operations B21J0005080000 Upsetting B21J0005100000 Piercing billets (in combination with extrusion B21C0023000000);; B21J0005120000 Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces (making screw-thread by forging, pressing, or hammering B21K);; B21J0007000000 Hammers; Forging machines with hammers or die jaws acting by impact (hand hammers B25D;electrical features in Section H); B21J0007020000 Special design or construction B21J0007040000 Power hammers B21J0007060000 Drop hammers B21J0007080000 with rigidly-guided hammer B21J0007100000 with both drive and hammer connected to a fulcrumed lever, e.g. tail hammers B21J0007120000 the lever being a spring, i.e. spring hammers B21J0007140000 Forging machines working with several hammers B21J0007160000 in rotary arrangements B21J0007180000 Forging machines working with die jaws, e.g. pivoted, movable laterally of the forging or pressing direction, e.g. for swaging B21J0007200000 Drives for hammers; Transmission means therefor B21J0007220000 for power hammers B21J0007240000 operated by steam, air, or other gaseous pressure B21J0007260000 operated by internal combustion B21J0007280000 operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure B21J0007300000 operated by electro-magnets B21J0007320000 operated by rotary drive, e.g. by electric motor B21J0007340000 operating both the hammer and the anvil, so-called counter-tup B21J0007360000 for drop hammers B21J0007380000 driven by steam, air, or other gaseous pressure B21J0007400000 driven by hydraulic or liquid pressure B21J0007420000 operated by rotary drive, e.g. electric motors B21J0007440000 equipped with belts, ropes, cables, chains B21J0007460000 Control uniquely specially adapted to forging hammers, not restricted to one of the preceding sub-groups B21J0009000000 Forging presses B21J0009020000 Special design or construction B21J0009040000 Piercing presses B21J0009060000 Sawing presses; Upsetting presses B21J0009080000 equipped with devices for heating the workpiece (electric heating elements H05B);; B21J0009100000 Drives for forging presses B21J0009120000 operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure B21J0009140000 in conjunction with electric power B21J0009160000 in conjunction with steam or gas power B21J0009180000 operated by making use of gearing mechanisms, e.g. levers, spindles, crankshafts, eccentrics, toggle-levers, rack bars B21J0009200000 Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding sub-groups B21J0011000000 Forging hammers combined with forging presses; Forging machines with provision for hammering and pressing B21J0013000000 Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering B21J0013020000 Dies; mountings B21J0013040000 Frames; Guides B21J0013060000 Hammer tups; Anvils; Anvil blocks B21J0013080000 Accessories for handling work or tools B21J0013100000 Manipulators (in general B25J);; B21J0013120000 Turning means B21J0013140000 Ejecting devices B21J0015000000 Riveting B21J0015020000 Riveting procedures B21J0015040000 Riveting hollow rivets mechanically B21J0015060000 Riveting hollow rivets by means of hydraulic, liquid, or gas pressure B21J0015080000 Riveting by applying heat to the end parts of the rivets to enable heads to be formed B21J0015100000 Riveting machines (electric heating elements H05B);; B21J0015120000 with tools or tool parts having a movement additional to the feed movement, e.g. spinning B21J0015140000 uniquely adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines B21J0015160000 Drives for riveting machines; Transmission means therefor B21J0015180000 operated by air pressure or other gas pressure B21J0015200000 operated by hydraulic or liquid pressure B21J0015220000 operated by both hydraulic or liquid pressure and gas pressure B21J0015240000 operated by electro-magnets B21J0015260000 operated by rotary drive, e.g. by electric motor B21J0015280000 Control devices specially adapted to riveting machines not restricted to one of the preceding sub-groups B21J0015300000 Particular items, e.g. supports; Suspension equipment uniquely adapted for portable riveters B21J0015320000 Devices for inserting or holding rivets in position with or without feeding arrangements B21J0015340000 for installing tubular rivets B21J0015360000 Rivet sets, i.e. tools for forming heads; Mandrels for expanding parts of hollow rivets B21J0015380000 Accessories for use in connection with riveting, e.g. pliers for upsetting; Hand tools for riveting B21J0015400000 for forming rivet heads B21J0015420000 Special clamping devices for workpieces to be riveted together, e.g. operating through the rivet holes B21J0015440000 Rivet hole positioners B21J0015460000 Positioners for rivets for making tube joints B21J0015480000 Devices for caulking rivets B21J0015500000 Removing or cutting devices for rivets B21J0017000000 Forge furnaces (furnaces for heat treatment C21D0009000000;furnaces in general F27) B21J0017020000 electrically heated (electric heating elements H05B);; B21J0019000000 Blacksmiths' requisites not otherwise provided for B21J0019020000 Hearths; Air supply arrangements specially adapted therefor B21J0019040000 Anvils; Associated items B21K MAKING FORGED AND PRESSED PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS, WHEELS (processing wire B21F;making pins, needles or nails B21G; forging machines, pressing machines, hammering machines, in general B21J; making chains B21L; plating B23P0003000000) B21K0001000000 Making machine elements B21K0001020000 balls, rolls, or rollers, e.g. for bearings B21K0001040000 ball-races B21K0001060000 axles or shafts B21K0001080000 crankshafts B21K0001100000 of cylindrical form B21K0001120000 of specially-shaped cross-section B21K0001140000 fittings B21K0001160000 parts of pipe or hose couplings B21K0001180000 pistons or plungers B21K0001200000 valve parts B21K0001220000 poppet valves, e.g. for internal-combustion engines B21K0001240000 valve bodies; valve seats B21K0001260000 housings or supporting parts, e.g. axle housings, engine mountings B21K0001280000 wheels; discs B21K0001300000 with gear-teeth B21K0001320000 discs, e.g. disc wheels B21K0001340000 wheels with spokes B21K0001360000 with blades B21K0001380000 rims; tyres B21K0001400000 hubs B21K0001420000 pulleys, e.g. cable pulleys B21K0001440000 bolts, studs, or the like (making screw-thread B21K0001560000;making U-bolts B21K0001740000) B21K0001460000 with heads B21K0001480000 Machines working with hammers, e.g. beating in a radial direction, for forming heads B21K0001500000 Trimming or shearing formed heads, e.g. working with dies B21K0001520000 double-ended, e.g. with heads on both ends (forming heads B21K0001460000);; B21K0001540000 with grooves or notches B21K0001560000 Making screw-thread (by rolling B21H0003020000);; B21K0001580000 rivets B21K0001600000 hollow or semi-hollow rivets B21K0001620000 special rivets, e.g. with electrical contacts B21K0001640000 nuts (making screw-thread B21K0001560000);; B21K0001660000 from strip bars B21K0001680000 from round or profiled bars B21K0001700000 of special shape, e.g. self-locking nuts, wing nuts B21K0001720000 hooks, e.g. crane hooks, railway track spikes (making nails in general B21G);; B21K0001740000 forked members or members with two or more limbs, e.g. U-bolts, anchors B21K0001760000 elements not mentioned in one of the preceding groups B21K0003000000 Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of ; B21K0001000000; Making propellers or the like B21K0003020000 cylinder heads B21K0003040000 blades, e.g. for turbines; Upsetting of blade roots B21K0005000000 Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers B21K0005020000 drilling-tools or other tools for making or working on holes B21K0005040000 twisting-tools, e.g. drills, reamers B21K0005060000 Dressing, e.g. sharpening rock drills B21K0005080000 drifting tools B21K0005100000 Forming drill-bit shanks B21K0005120000 other cutting tools (cutlery wares B21K0011000000);; B21K0005140000 hand hammers B21K0005160000 tools for turning nuts B21K0005180000 handles or parts therefor B21K0005200000 Making working faces of dies, either recessed or outstanding B21K0007000000 Making railway appurtenances B21K0007020000 parts for permanent way (spikes B21K0001720000);; B21K0007040000 switch tongues B21K0007060000 sleepers B21K0007080000 base plates for rails, e.g. chairs B21K0007100000 rail joints B21K0007120000 parts for locomotives or vehicles, e.g. frames, underframes B21K0007140000 brake rigging B21K0009000000 Reconditioning railroad accessories, e.g. rails B21K0011000000 Making cutlery wares; Making garden tools or the like B21K0011020000 knives B21K0011040000 spoons; table forks B21K0011060000 scissors B21K0011080000 sickles; scythes B21K0011100000 axes; picks B21K0011120000 spades; shovels B21K0011140000 rakes; garden forks B21K0013000000 Making locksmiths' goods, e.g. handles for cases B21K0013020000 hinges B21K0015000000 Making blacksmiths' goods B21K0015020000 horse-shoes; appurtenances therefor B21K0015040000 caulks B21K0015060000 metal attachments for footwear, e.g. wear-resisting plates B21K0017000000 Making sport articles, e.g. skates B21K0019000000 Making articles for agricultural machinery B21K0019020000 plough blades; ploughshares B21K0021000000 Making hollow articles not covered by a single preceding sub-group (essentially from sheet-metal or uniform thin-walled tubes B21D, e.g. B21D0041000000, B21D0051000000);; B21K0021020000 Producing blanks in the shape of discs or cups as semi-finished articles for making hollow articles, e.g. to be deep-drawn or extruded B21K0021040000 Shaping thin-walled hollow articles, e.g. cartridges B21K0021060000 Shaping thick-walled hollow articles, e.g. projectiles B21K0021080000 Shaping hollow articles with different cross-section in longitudinal direction, e.g. nozzles, spark-plugs B21K0021100000 cone-shaped or bell-shaped articles, e.g. insulator caps B21K0021120000 Shaping end portions of hollow articles B21K0021140000 closed or substantially-closed ends, e.g. cartridge bottoms B21K0021160000 Remodelling hollow bodies with respect to the shape of the cross-section (remodelling end portions only B21K0021120000);; B21K0023000000 Making other articles B21K0023020000 members of endless tracks, e.g. track guides, shoes (making from sheet-metal B21D);; B21K0023040000 flanged articles (B21K0001280000 takes precedence;flanging tubes B21D) B21K0025000000 Uniting components to form integral members, e.g. turbine wheels and shafts, caulks with inserts, with or without shaping of the components (uniting by interference- or press-fitting B23P0011020000, B23P0019020000);; B21K0027000000 Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging; Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof B21K0027020000 Feeding devices for rods, wire, or strips B21K0027040000 allowing successive working steps B21K0027060000 Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof B21K0029000000 Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing (for preparing metal stock to be forged or pressed B21J0001060000;heating equipment per, see the appropriate sub-classes, e.g. H05B) B21K0031000000 Control devices specially adapted for positioning tool carriers B21L MAKING CHAINS B21L0001000000 Making chains or chain links by bending workpieces of rod, wire, or strip to form links of oval or other simple shape (B21L0003000000, B21L0007000000 take precedence);; B21L0001020000 by bending the ends of the workpieces to abut B21L0001040000 by bending and interconnecting the ends of the workpieces with or without separate jointing members B21L0003000000 Making chains or chain links by bending the chain links or link parts and subsequently welding or soldering the abutting ends (B21L0007000000 takes precedence);; B21L0003020000 Machines or devices for welding chain links B21L0003040000 by making use of forge or pressure welding B21L0005000000 Making chains or chain links by working the starting material in such a way that integral, i.e. jointless, chain links are formed B21L0005020000 in such a way that interconnected links are formed B21L0007000000 Making chains or chain links by cutting single loops or loop-parts from coils, assembling the cut parts and subsequently subjecting same to twisting with or without welding B21L0009000000 Making chains or chain links, the links being composed of two or more different parts, e.g. drive chains (B21L0001040000, B21L0007000000, B21L0011140000, B21L0013000000 take precedence);; B21L0009020000 of roller-chain or other plate-link type B21L0009040000 Punching or bending the different parts of the chain links B21L0009060000 Sorting, feeding, assembling, riveting, or finishing parts of chains B21L0009080000 Combining the chain links with auxiliary parts, e.g. welding-on wear-resistant parts B21L0011000000 Making chains or chain links of special shape B21L0011020000 each link being formed of a single member of which both ends are bent or shaped to engage the middle portion of the next link B21L0011040000 the ends being pierced or punched to form eyes B21L0011060000 the workpiece being of thin strip metal B21L0011080000 the ends being interengaged with other parts of the same link B21L0011100000 the chain links having opposed correspondingly shaped cylindrical and hook-like parts of which one part forms a hinge-like support for the adjacent link (B21L0011020000 takes precedence);; B21L0011120000 forming bead chains B21L0011140000 making chain links with inserted or integrally-formed studs B21L0013000000 Making terminal or intermediate chain links of special shape; Making couplings for chains, e.g. swivels, shackles B21L0015000000 Finishing or dressing chains or chain links, e.g. removing burr material, calibrating (B21L0009060000 takes precedence);; B21L0015020000 Twisting already closed links B21L0017000000 Making chains or chain links not covered by one of the preceding main groups (by casting B22D0025020000);; B21L0019000000 Appurtenances for chain-making not restricted to any particular process B21L0021000000 Tools or implements for repairing chains using metal-working operations, e.g. for detaching deformed chain links B22 CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY B22C FOUNDRY MOULDING (moulding refractory materials in general B28B);; B22C0001000000 Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof (refractory materials in general C04B0035000000);;Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds B22C0001020000 characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, break-down additives B22C0001040000 for protection of the casting, e.g. against decarbonisation B22C0001060000 for casting extremely oxidisable metals B22C0001080000 for decreasing shrinkage of the mould, e.g. for investment casting B22C0001100000 for influencing the hardening tendency of the mould material (influencing the hardening tendency of the binding agent only B22C0001160000);; B22C0001120000 for manufacturing permanent moulds or cores B22C0001140000 for separating the pattern from the mould B22C0001160000 characterised by the use of binding agents; Mixtures of binding agents B22C0001180000 of inorganic agents B22C0001200000 of organic agents B22C0001220000 of resins or rosins B22C0001240000 of oily or fatty substances; of distillation residues therefrom B22C0001260000 of carbohydrates; of distillation residues therefrom B22C0003000000 Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns B22C0005000000 Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose (of general applicability, see the relevant classes, e.g. for material with water-setting properties B28C);; B22C0005020000 dressing by centrifuging essentially or additionally B22C0005040000 by grinding, blending, mixing, kneading, or stirring B22C0005060000 by sieving or magnetic separating B22C0005080000 by sprinkling, cooling, or drying B22C0005100000 by dust separating B22C0005120000 for filling flasks (in combination with compacting B22C0015200000-B22C0015280000); B22C0005140000 Equipment for storing or handling the dressed mould material, forming part of a plant for preparing such material B22C0005160000 with conveyers or other equipment for feeding the material B22C0005180000 Plants for preparing mould materials B22C0007000000 Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes B22C0007020000 Lost patterns B22C0007040000 Pattern plates B22C0007060000 Core boxes B22C0009000000 Moulds or cores (uniquely adapted to particular casting processes B22D);;Moulding processes (processes involving the use of particular moulding machines, see the relevant groups for these machines);; B22C0009020000 Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings B22C0009040000 Use of lost patterns B22C0009060000 Permanent moulds for shaped castings (moulds for ingots B22D0007060000);; B22C0009080000 Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates B22C0009100000 Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores B22C0009120000 Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening B22C0009140000 Equipment or plant specially designed for drying moulds or cores (B22C0013080000 takes precedence);; B22C0009160000 Movable drying equipment B22C0009180000 Finishing B22C0009200000 Stack moulds, i.e. arrangement of multiple moulds or flasks B22C0009220000 Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings B22C0009240000 for hollow articles B22C0009260000 for ribbed tubes; for radiators B22C0009280000 for wheels, rolls, or rollers B22C0009300000 for chains B22C0011000000 Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same B22C0011020000 Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations B22C0011040000 by a horizontal rotary table or carrier B22C0011060000 by a vertical rotary carrier B22C0011080000 by non-rotary conveying means, e.g. by travelling platforms B22C0011100000 with one or more flasks forming part of the machine, from which only the sand moulds made by compacting are removed B22C0011120000 Moulding machines able to travel B22C0013000000 Moulding machines for making moulds or cores of particular shapes B22C0013020000 equipped with templates, e.g. for sweeping operation B22C0013040000 with rotary templates, e.g. arranged on a pillar B22C0013060000 with non-rotary template and rotary flask B22C0013080000 for shell moulds or shell cores B22C0013100000 for pipes or elongated hollow articles B22C0013120000 for cores B22C0013140000 by sweeping, turning, or coating B22C0013160000 by pressing through a die B22C0015000000 Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor B22C0015020000 Compacting by pressing devices only B22C0015040000 involving muscle power, e.g. hand-operated levers B22C0015060000 involving mechanical gearings, e.g. crank gears (B22C0015040000 takes precedence);; B22C0015080000 involving pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms B22C0015100000 Compacting by jarring devices only (features of the jarring devices per B06B);; B22C0015120000 involving mechanical gearings B22C0015140000 involving pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms B22C0015160000 the machine having special provision for reducing shock to its frame B22C0015180000 by means of separate shock-absorbers B22C0015200000 Compacting by centrifugal forces only, e.g. in sand slingers B22C0015220000 Compacting during the charge of the mould material by pressure air or vacuum B22C0015240000 involving blowing devices in which the material is supplied in the form of loose particles B22C0015260000 involving propulsion devices in which the material is supplied in the shape of a compacted column or the like B22C0015280000 Compacting by different means acting simultaneously or successively, e.g. preliminary blowing and finally pressing B22C0015300000 by both pressing and jarring devices B22C0015320000 involving mechanical gearing only B22C0015340000 involving pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms only B22C0017000000 Moulding machines characterised by the mechanism for separating the pattern from the mould and/or for turning over the flask or the pattern plate B22C0017020000 Moulding machines with pin lifting arrangement B22C0017040000 Drop-plate moulding machines B22C0017060000 Moulding machines using stripping plates; Stripping plates B22C0017080000 Moulding machines with mechanisms to turn over the pattern plate and/or the mould around a horizontal axis B22C0017100000 Turning-over pattern plate and flask only (B22C0017140000 takes precedence);; B22C0017120000 Turning-over pattern plate, flask, and compacting device as a unit (B22C0017140000 takes precedence);; B22C0017140000 arranged to one side of the mould table, so-called roll-over table moulding machines B22C0019000000 Components or accessories for moulding machines B22C0019020000 Mould tables B22C0019040000 Controlling devices specially designed for moulding machines B22C0019060000 Devices for rapping or loosening the pattern (vibratory features per B06B);; B22C0021000000 Flasks; Accessories therefor (stripping plates B22C0017060000);; B22C0021020000 Sectional flasks, i.e. with divided, articulated, or interchangeable side sections B22C0021040000 Upset frames; Bottom boards or mould boards (pattern plates B22C0007040000);; B22C0021060000 Bottom boards or mould boards B22C0021080000 Clamping equipment B22C0021100000 Guiding equipment B22C0021120000 Accessories B22C0021140000 Reinforcing or securing equipment of the moulding material or of cores, e.g. gaggers, chaplets, pins, bars B22C0023000000 Tools; Devices not mentioned before for moulding B22C0023020000 Devices for coating moulds or cores B22C0025000000 Foundry moulding plants (for preparing mould materials B22C0005180000;in combination with casting plants B22D0047020000) B22D CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES (metallurgical processing, selection of substances to be added to metal C21, C22);; B22D0001000000 Treatment of fused masses in the ladle or the supply runners before casting (metallurgical processing, e.g. refining of iron or other metal C21, C22);; B22D0001020000 Arrangement of indicating or measuring devices, e.g. for temperature or viscosity of the fused mass B22D0003000000 Pig or like casting (equipment for conveying molten metal B22D0035000000);; B22D0003020000 Moulding of beds B22D0005000000 Machines or plants for pig or like casting B22D0005020000 with rotary casting tables B22D0005040000 with endless casting conveyers B22D0007000000 Casting ingots (equipment for conveying molten metal B22D0035000000);; B22D0007020000 Casting compound ingots of two or more different metals in the molten state, i.e. integrally cast B22D0007040000 Casting hollow ingots B22D0007060000 Ingot moulds or their manufacture B22D0007080000 Divided ingot moulds B22D0007100000 Hot tops therefor B22D0007120000 Appurtenances, e.g. for sintering, for preventing splashing B22D0009000000 Machines or plants for casting ingots B22D0011000000 Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths (metal drawing, metal extruding B21C);; B22D0011020000 by drawing the fused mass only; Casting into tubular open-ended moulds B22D0011040000 Casting into tubular open-ended calibrating moulds B22D0011060000 into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars, molten surfaces (rolling metal directly from melt B21B0001440000);; B22D0011080000 Accessories for starting the casting procedure B22D0011100000 Accessories for supplying or treating molten metal B22D0011120000 Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock on the spot, e.g. cooling, cutting, removing B22D0011140000 Plants for continuous casting B22D0013000000 Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force B22D0013020000 of elongated solid or hollow bodies, e.g. pipes, in moulds rotating around their longitudinal axis B22D0013040000 of shallow solid or hollow bodies, e.g. wheels or rings, in moulds rotating around their axis of symmetry B22D0013060000 of solid or hollow bodies in moulds rotating around an axis arranged outside of the mould B22D0013080000 in which a stationary mould is fed from a rotating mass of liquid metal B22D0013100000 Accessories for centrifugal casting apparatus, e.g. moulds, linings therefor, means for feeding molten metal, cleansing moulds, removing castings (making or lining moulds B22C);; B22D0015000000 Casting using a mould or core of which an important part is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor B22D0015020000 of cylinders, pistons, bearing shells or like thin-walled objects B22D0015040000 Machines or apparatus for chill casting (B22D0015020000 takes precedence);; B22D0017000000 Pressure or injection die casting; Machines or accessories therefor, e.g. trimming dies, splash guards B22D0017020000 Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted B22D0017040000 Plunger machines B22D0017060000 air injection machines B22D0017080000 Cold chamber machines, i.e. with unheated press chamber into which molten metal is ladled B22D0017100000 with horizontal press motion B22D0017120000 with vertical press motion B22D0017140000 Machines with evacuated die cavity B22D0017160000 specially adapted for casting slide fasteners or elements therefor B22D0017180000 built up from units providing for different combinations B22D0017200000 Accessories; Details B22D0017220000 Dies (manufacture see the appropriate class, e.g. B23P0015240000);;Die plates; Die supports; Cooling equipment for dies; Accessories for loosening and ejecting castings from dies B22D0017240000 Accessories for locating and holding cores or inserts B22D0017260000 Mechanisms or devices for locking or opening dies B22D0017280000 Melting pots B22D0017300000 Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations B22D0017320000 Controlling equipment B22D0019000000 Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product (B22D0023040000 takes precedence;alumino-thermic welding B23K0023000000; covering surfaces by treatment with liquid metal without affecting the shape C23C0001000000) B22D0019020000 for making reinforced articles B22D0019040000 for joining parts, e.g. pipes B22D0019060000 for manufacturing or repairing tools B22D0019080000 for building up linings or coverings, e.g. of anti-frictional metal B22D0019100000 Repairing defective or damaged objects by metal casting procedures (by other procedures B23P0007040000);; B22D0019120000 for making objects, e.g. hinges, with parts which are movable relatively to one another B22D0021000000 Casting non-ferrous metals or metallic compounds so far as their metallurgical properties are of importance for the casting procedure; Selection of compositions therefor B22D0021020000 Casting exceedingly oxidisable non-ferrous metals, e.g. in inert atmosphere (use of inert atmosphere in casting metals in general B22D0023000000;apparatus for vaccum casting B22D0027160000) B22D0021040000 Casting aluminium or magnesium B22D0021060000 Casting non-ferrous metals with a high melting-point, e.g. metallic carbides (B22D0021020000 takes precedence);; B22D0023000000 Casting processes not mentioned before (aluminothermic welding B23K0023000000);; B22D0023020000 Top casting B22D0023040000 Casting by dipping (covering surfaces by treatment with liquid metal without affecting the shape C23C0001000000);; B22D0023060000 Melting-down metal, e.g. metal particles, in the mould B22D0023080000 Obtaining granules or pellets from molten material (spraying devices per B05B);; B22D0025000000 Special casting characterised by the nature of the product (B22D0015020000, B22D0017160000, B22D0019000000 take precedence);; B22D0025020000 by its peculiarity of shape; of works of art B22D0025040000 Casting metal electric battery plates or the like B22D0025060000 by its physical properties (B22D0027000000 takes precedence);; B22D0025080000 by uniform hardness (B22D0015000000 takes precedence);; B22D0027000000 Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile (B22D0007120000, B22D0011100000, B22D0043000000 take precedence);;Pressure or vacuum casting (B22D0017000000 takes precedence);; B22D0027020000 Use of electric or magnetic effects B22D0027040000 Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould B22D0027060000 Heating the top discard of ingots (hot tops for ingot moulds B22D0007100000);; B22D0027080000 Shaking, vibrating, or turning of moulds B22D0027100000 Pressure casting B22D0027120000 making use of pressing devices B22D0027140000 making use of pressure gas B22D0027160000 Vacuum casting B22D0027180000 Measures for using chemical processes for influencing the surface composition of castings, e.g. for increasing resistance to acid attack B22D0027200000 Measures not previously mentioned for influencing the grain structure or texture; Selection of compositions therefor B22D0029000000 Removing castings from moulds; Removing cores B22D0029020000 Vibratory apparatus specially designed for shaking out flasks B22D0029040000 Strippers specially designed therefor (strippers per B66C);; B22D0029060000 actuated by pressure fluid B22D0031000000 Cutting-off surplus material, e.g. gates B22D0033000000 Equipment for handling moulds B22D0033020000 Turning and transposing moulds B22D0033040000 Bringing together or separating moulds B22D0033060000 Burdening or relieving moulds B22D0035000000 Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds (B22D0037000000-B22D0041000000; take precedence;specially adapted to particular processes or machines, see the relevant groups); B22D0035020000 into beds B22D0035040000 into moulds, e.g. base plates, runners B22D0035060000 Heating or cooling equipment B22D0037000000 Equipment for controlling the pouring of molten metal from the ladle into moulds (B22D0039000000 takes precedence);; B22D0039000000 Equipment for supplying molten metal in rations B22D0041000000 Casting ladles, cups or the like (B22D0037000000, B22D0039000000, B22D0043000000 take precedence);; B22D0041020000 Linings B22D0041040000 tiltable B22D0041060000 Equipment for tilting B22D0041080000 for bottom pouring B22D0041100000 Stoppers; Stopper removing equipment B22D0041120000 Travelling ladles or similar containers; Cars for ladles (casting cranes B66C);; B22D0043000000 Mechanical cleaning, e.g. skimming of molten metals B22D0045000000 Equipment for casting, not otherwise provided for B22D0047000000 Casting plants B22D0047020000 for both moulding and casting B22F WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; OBTAINING METALLIC POWDER, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (processes or apparatus for obtaining metallic powder, covered by a single other sub-class, see the relevant sub-class, e.g. obtaining by spraying molten metal B22D0023080000;making ceramics by compacting or sintering C04B, e.g. C04B0035640000; making alloys by compacting or sintering C22C0001040000, C22C0033020000) B22F0001000000 Special treatment of metallic powder before working, e.g. to facilitate the operation; Metallic powders per, e.g. mixtures of particles of different composition(C04, C08 take precedence);; B22F0003000000 Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor B22F0003020000 Compacting only B22F0003040000 by applying fluid pressure B22F0003060000 by centrifugal forces B22F0003080000 by explosive forces B22F0003100000 Sintering only, e.g. making porous workpieces B22F0003120000 Both compacting and sintering B22F0003140000 simultaneously B22F0003160000 in successive or repeated steps B22F0003180000 for producing sheet material by making use of pressure rollers B22F0003200000 for producing extruded rod stock B22F0003220000 for producing castings from a slip B22F0003240000 After-treatment of workpieces or articles B22F0003260000 Impregnating B22F0005000000 Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product B22F0005020000 of piston rings B22F0005040000 of turbine blades B22F0005060000 of threaded articles, e.g. nuts B22F0005080000 of toothed articles, e.g. gear wheels; of cam discs B22F0007000000 Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting B22F0007020000 of composite layers B22F0007040000 with one or more layers not made from powder, e.g. made from solid metal B22F0007060000 of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools B22F0007080000 with one or more parts not made from powder B22F0009000000 Making metallic powder by methods not otherwise provided for B23 MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (punching, perforating, making articles by processing sheet metal, tubes, or profiles B21D;wire-working B21F; making pins, needles, or nails B21G; making chains B21L; grinding B24) B23B TURNING; BORING (arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q);; B23B0001000000 Methods for turning or working essentially requiring the use of turning-machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods B23B0003000000 General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines B23B0003020000 Small lathes, e.g. for toolmakers (specially designed for watchmakers G04D0003000000);; B23B0003040000 Turning-machines in which the workpiece is rotated by means at a distance from the headstock B23B0003060000 Turning-machines or devices characterised only by the special arrangement of constructional units (B23Q0037000000 takes precedence;structural features of details, see the relevant groupssuch features of general applicability B23Q) B23B0003080000 Turning-machines characterised by the use of faceplates B23B0003100000 with the faceplate horizontal, i.e. vertical boring and turning machines B23B0003120000 with the faceplate vertical, i.e. face lathes B23B0003140000 Mountings or drives of faceplates B23B0003160000 Turret lathes for turning individually-chucked workpieces B23B0003180000 with horizontal working-spindle B23B0003200000 with vertical working-spindle B23B0003220000 Turning-machines or devices with rotary tool heads B23B0003240000 the tools of which do not perform a radial movement; Rotary tool heads therefor B23B0003260000 the tools of which perform a radial movement; Rotary tool heads thereof B23B0003280000 Turning-machines in which the feed is controlled by a copying device, i.e. copying lathes (features of copying devices B23Q0035000000);; B23B0003300000 Turning-machines with two or more working-spindles, e.g. in fixed arrangement B23B0003320000 for performing identical operations simultaneously on two or more workpieces B23B0003340000 Short turning-machines with one or multiple working-spindles attended from the end (B23B0003120000 takes predence);; B23B0003360000 Associations of only turning-machines directed to a particular metal-working result (if the metal-working result is not essential B23Q0039000000);; B23B0005000000 Turning-machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor B23B0005020000 for turning hubs or brake drums (B23B0005040000 takes precedence);; B23B0005040000 for reconditioning hubs or brake drums or axle spindles without removing same from the vehicle B23B0005060000 for turning valves or valve bodies B23B0005080000 for turning axles, bars, rods, tubes, rolls, i.e. shaft-turning lathes, roll lathes; Centreless turning B23B0005100000 for turning pilgrim rolls B23B0005120000 for peeling bars or tubes by making use of cutting bits arranged around the workpiece B23B0005140000 Cutting-off lathes (shearing B23D);; B23B0005160000 for bevelling, chamfering, or deburring the ends of bars or tubes B23B0005180000 for turning crankshafts, eccentrics, or cams, e.g. crankpin lathes B23B0005200000 without removing same from the engine B23B0005220000 Holding the workpiece in the machine, e.g. chucking devices B23B0005240000 for turning pistons or other workpieces to a slightly non-circular cross-section B23B0005260000 for simultaneously turning internal and external surfaces of a body B23B0005280000 for turning wheels or wheel sets or cranks thereon, i.e. wheel lathes B23B0005300000 Arrangements providing for tool control by templates B23B0005320000 for reconditioning wheel sets without removing same from the vehicle; Underfloor wheel lathes for railway vehicles B23B0005340000 Holding the workpiece in the machine, e.g. chucking devices therefor; Drivers therefor B23B0005360000 for turning specially-shaped surfaces by making use of relative movement of the tool and work produced by geometrical mechanisms, i.e. forming-lathes B23B0005380000 for turning conical surfaces inside or outside, e.g. taper pins B23B0005400000 for turning spherical surfaces inside or outside B23B0005420000 for turning relieving surfaces, i.e. relieving-lathes B23B0005440000 for turning polygonal or other non-circular surfaces controlled by gear or guide mechanisms, i.e. eccentric lathes B23B0005460000 for turning helical or spiral surfaces (thread cutting B23G);; B23B0005480000 for cutting grooves, e.g. oil grooves of helicoidal shape B23B0007000000 Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines with a single working-spindle, e.g. controlled by cams; Equipment therefor; Features common to automatic and semi-automatic turning-machines with one or more working-spindles B23B0007020000 Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of stock B23B0007040000 Turret machines B23B0007060000 with sliding headstock B23B0007080000 with the working-spindle vertical B23B0007100000 Accessories, e.g. guards B23B0007120000 Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of workpieces B23B0007140000 with the working-spindle horizontal B23B0007160000 with the working-spindle vertical B23B0009000000 Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines with a plurality of working-spindles, e.g. automatic multiple-spindle machines with spindles arranged in a drum carrier able to be moved into pre-determined positions; Equipment therefor (equipment applicable to single-spindle machines B23B0007000000);; B23B0009020000 Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of stock B23B0009040000 with the working-spindles horizontal B23B0009060000 with the working-spindles vertical B23B0009080000 Automatic or semi-automatic machines for turning of workpieces B23B0009100000 with the working-spindles horizontal B23B0009120000 with the working-spindles vertical B23B0011000000 Automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines incorporating equipment for performing other working procedures, e.g. slotting, milling, rolling B23B0013000000 Arrangements for automatically conveying or chucking or guiding stock B23B0013020000 for turning-machines with a single working-spindle B23B0013040000 for turning-machines with a plurality of working-spindles B23B0013060000 Arrangements for switching-off the drive of turning-machines after the stock has been completely machined B23B0013080000 Arrangements for reducing vibrations in feeding-passages or for damping noise (damping noise in general G10K);; B23B0013100000 with magazines for stock B23B0013120000 Accessories, e.g. stops, grippers B23B0015000000 Arrangements for conveying, loading, adjusting, reversing, chucking, or discharging workpieces specially designed for automatic or semi-automatic turning-machines B23B0017000000 Lathe beds (foundation frames, carriage guides as such B23Q0001000000);; B23B0019000000 Headstocks; Equivalent parts of any machine tools B23B0019020000 Working-spindles; Features relating thereto, e.g. supporting arrangements (B23B0013000000 takes precedence);; B23B0021000000 Lathe carriages; Cross-slides; Tool posts (tool holders B23B0029000000);;Similar parts of any machine tools B23B0023000000 Tailstocks; Centres B23B0023020000 Dead centres B23B0023040000 Live centres B23B0025000000 Accessories or auxiliary equipment for turning-machines (for machine tools in general B23Q;cooling or lubricating B23Q0011120000) B23B0025020000 Arrangements for chip-breaking in turning-machines (on cutting tools B23B0027220000);; B23B0025040000 Safety guards specially designed for turning-machines (in general F16P);; B23B0025060000 Measuring, gauging, or adjusting equipment on turning-machines for setting-on, feeding, controlling, or monitoring the cutting tools or work (measuring devices or gauges G01B);; B23B0027000000 Tools for turning or boring machines (for drilling machines B23B0051000000);;Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor B23B0027020000 Cutting tools with straight main part and cutting edge at an angle (B23B0027040000-B23B0027080000; take precedence);; B23B0027040000 Cutting-off tools (B23B0027080000 takes precedence);; B23B0027060000 Profile cutting tools, i.e. forming-tools B23B0027080000 Cutting tools with blade- or disc-like main parts B23B0027100000 Cutting tools with special provision for cooling B23B0027120000 with a continuously-rotated circular cutting edge; Holders therefor B23B0027140000 Cutting tools of which the bits or tips are of special material B23B0027160000 with exchangeable cutting bits, e.g. able to be clamped B23B0027180000 with cutting bits or tips rigidly mounted, e.g. by brazing B23B0027200000 with diamond bits B23B0027220000 Cutting tools with chip-braking equipment B23B0027240000 Knurling tools B23B0029000000 Holders for non-rotary cutting tools (B23B0027120000 takes precedence);;Boring bars or boring heads; Accessories for tool holders B23B0029020000 Boring bars B23B0029030000 Boring heads B23B0029034000 with tools moving radially B23B0029040000 Tool holders for a single cutting tool B23B0029060000 Tool holders equipped with longitudinally-arranged grooves for setting the cutting tool B23B0029080000 Tool holders equipped with grooves arranged crosswise to the longitudinal direction for setting the cutting tool B23B0029100000 with adjustable counterbase for the cutting tool B23B0029120000 Special arrangements on tool holders B23B0029140000 affording a yielding support of the cutting tool, e.g. by spring clamping B23B0029160000 for supporting the workpiece in a backrest B23B0029180000 for retracting the cutting tool B23B0029200000 for placing same by shanks in sleeves of a turret B23B0029220000 for tool adjustment by means of shims or spacers B23B0029240000 Tool holders for a plurality of cutting tools, e.g. turrets B23B0029260000 Tool holders in fixed position B23B0029280000 Turrets manually adjustable about a vertical pivot B23B0029300000 Turrets manually adjustable about a horizontal privot B23B0029320000 Turrets adjustable by power drive, i.e. turret heads B23B0029340000 Turrets equipped with triggers for releasing the cutting tools B23B0031000000 Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control (similar devices not intended for use on spindles B23Q;face-plates B23Q; holding by magnetic or electrical force acting directly on work B23Q0003152000) B23B0031020000 Chucks B23B0031040000 for the shanks of tools, e.g. drills B23B0031060000 Features relating to the removal of tools; Accessories therefor B23B0031080000 Holding tools yieldably B23B0031100000 characterised by the gripping devices or their immediate operating means B23B0031120000 Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable B23B0031140000 involving the use of centrifugal force B23B0031160000 moving radially B23B0031180000 pivotally movable in planes containing the axis of the chuck B23B0031190000 moving parallel to the axis of the chuck B23B0031200000 Collet chucks B23B0031220000 Jaws in the form of balls B23B0031240000 characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means B23B0031260000 using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle B23B0031280000 using electric or magnetic means in the chuck B23B0031300000 using fluid-pressure means in the chuck B23B0031320000 with jaws carried by diaphragm B23B0031340000 with means enabling the workpiece to be reversed or tilted B23B0031360000 with means for adjusting the chuck with respect to the working-spindle B23B0031380000 with overload clutches B23B0031400000 Expansion mandrels B23B0031420000 characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means B23B0031440000 Taper shanks, e.g. Morse-cones B23B0033000000 Drivers; Driving centres; Nose clutches, e.g. lathe dogs B23B0035000000 Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods B23B0037000000 Boring by making use of ultrasonic energy (essentially using abrasive material B24B, e.g. B24B0001040000);; B23B0039000000 General-purpose boring or drilling machines or devices; Sets of boring or drilling machines B23B0039020000 Boring machines; Combined horizontal boring and milling machines B23B0039040000 Co-ordinate boring or drilling machines; Machines for making holes without previous marking B23B0039060000 Equipment for positioning work B23B0039080000 Devices for programme control B23B0039100000 characterised by the drive, e.g. by fluid-pressure drive, pneumatic power drive B23B0039120000 Radial drilling machines B23B0039140000 with special provision to enable the machine or the drilling or boring head to be moved into any desired position, e.g. with respect to immovable work B23B0039160000 Drilling machines with a plurality of working-spindles; Drilling automatons B23B0039180000 Setting work or tool carrier along a straight index line B23B0039200000 Setting work or tool carrier along a circular index line; Turret head drilling machines B23B0039220000 with working-spindles in opposite headstocks B23B0039240000 designed for programme control B23B0039260000 in which the working position of tool or work is controlled by copying discrete points of a pattern (features of copying devices B23Q0035020000);; B23B0039280000 Associations of only boring or drilling machines directed to a particular metal-working result (if not producing a particular metal-working result B23Q0039000000);; B23B0041000000 Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor B23B0041020000 for boring deep holes; Trepanning, e.g. of gun or rifle barrels B23B0041040000 for boring polygonal or other non-circular holes B23B0041060000 for boring conical holes B23B0041080000 for boring, drilling, or tapping holes in tubes under fluid or gas pressure (sealing features or operations, combined with placing branch parts F16L0041040000);; B23B0041100000 for boring holes in steam boilers B23B0041120000 for forming working surfaces of cylinders, of bearings, e.g. in heads of driving rods, or of other engine parts B23B0041140000 for very small holes B23B0041160000 for boring holes with high-quality surface B23B0043000000 Boring or drilling devices able to be attached to a machine tool, whether or not replacing an operative portion of the machine tool (if specially adapted for particular work B23B0041000000);; B23B0043020000 to the tailstock of a lathe B23B0045000000 Hand-held or like portable drilling machines, e.g. drill guns; Equipment therefor B23B0045020000 driven by electric power B23B0045040000 driven by fluid-pressure or pneumatic power B23B0045060000 driven by man-power B23B0045080000 for drilling rails or profiled stock B23B0045100000 by using a fiddle bow or a belt B23B0045120000 by using a ratchet brace B23B0045140000 Means for holding or guiding the drilling device or for securing it to the work (B23B0041080000 takes precedence);;Thrust stands B23B0047000000 Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor (working-spindles, bearing sleeves therefor B23B0019020000;for machine tools in general B23Q) B23B0047020000 Drives; Gearings (B23B0039100000 takes precedence);; B23B0047040000 for rotating the working-spindle B23B0047060000 driven essentially by electrical means B23B0047080000 driven essentially by fluid-pressure or pneumatic power B23B0047100000 equipped with turbines or other rotating machines B23B0047120000 equipped with oscillating pistons B23B0047140000 Change-speed gearings; Reversing gearings B23B0047160000 Belt or chain drives B23B0047180000 for feeding or retracting tool or work B23B0047200000 actuated essentially by electric power B23B0047220000 actuated essentially by fluid-pressure or pneumatic power B23B0047240000 Stops or feed interruption owing to fracture or overload of the boring or drilling tool B23B0047260000 Liftable and lowerable drill heads or headstocks; Balancing arrangements therefor B23B0047280000 Drill jigs for workpieces (equipment for setting or guiding the drill B23B0049000000);; B23B0047300000 Additional gear with one or more working-spindles attachable to the main working-spindle and mounting the additional gear B23B0047320000 Arrangements for preventing the running-out of drills or fracture of drills when getting through B23B0047340000 Arrangements for removing chips out of the holes made; Chip-breaking arrangements attached to the tool B23B0049000000 Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centring devices for holes to be bored (marking-out equipment B25H0007000000;measuring devices, gauges G01B) B23B0049020000 Boring templates or bushings B23B0049040000 Devices for boring or drilling centre holes in workpieces B23B0049060000 Devices for drilling holes in brake bands or brake linings B23B0051000000 Tools for drilling machines B23B0051020000 Twist drills B23B0051040000 Drills for trepanning; Tools for cutting discs from sheet B23B0051060000 Drills with lubricating or cooling equipment B23B0051080000 Drills combined with tool parts or tools for performing additional working B23B0051100000 Bits for countersinking B23B0051120000 Adapters for drills or chucks; Tapered sleeves B23B0051140000 Adapters for broken drills B23B0051160000 for making chamfers or undercuttings B23C MILLING (broaching B23D;broach-milling in making gears B23F; arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q) B23C0001000000 Milling machines not designed for particular work or special operations B23C0001020000 with one horizontal working-spindle B23C0001040000 with a plurality of horizontal working-spindles B23C0001060000 with one vertical working-spindle B23C0001080000 with a plurality of vertical working-spindles B23C0001100000 with both horizontal and vertical working-spindles B23C0001120000 with spindle adjustable to different angles, e.g. either horizontally or vertically B23C0001140000 with rotary work-carrying table B23C0001160000 specially designed for control by copying devices B23C0001180000 for milling while revolving the work B23C0001200000 Portable devices or machines; Hand-driven devices or machines B23C0003000000 Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor (milling gear-teeth B23F);; B23C0003020000 Milling surfaces of revolution (B23C0003060000, B23C0003080000 take precedence);; B23C0003040000 while revolving the work B23C0003060000 Milling crankshafts B23C0003080000 Milling cams, camshafts, or the like B23C0003100000 Relieving milling (lathes or turning devices for relieving B23B0005420000);; B23C0003120000 Trimming or finishing edges, e.g. deburring welded corners B23C0003140000 Scrubbing or peeling ingots or similar workpieces B23C0003160000 Working surfaces curved in two directions B23C0003180000 for shaping screw-propellers, turbine blades, or impellers B23C0003200000 for shaping dies B23C0003220000 Forming overlapped joints, e.g. of the ends of piston-rings B23C0003240000 Making square or polygonal ends on workpieces, e.g. key studs on tools B23C0003260000 Making square or polygonal holes in workpieces, e.g. key holes in tools B23C0003280000 Grooving workpieces (thread-cutting by milling B23G0001320000);; B23C0003300000 Milling straight grooves, e.g. keyways B23C0003320000 Milling helical grooves, e.g. in making twist-drills B23C0003340000 Milling grooves of other forms, e.g. circumferential B23C0003350000 Milling grooves in keys B23C0003360000 Milling milling-cutters (B23C0003280000 takes precedence);; B23C0005000000 Milling-cutters (for cutting gear-teeth B23F0021120000);; B23C0005020000 characterised by the shape of the cutter B23C0005040000 Plain cutters, i.e. having essentially a cylindrical or tapered cutting surface of substantial length (B23C0005100000 takes precedence);; B23C0005060000 Face-milling cutters, i.e. having only or primarily a substantially flat cutting surface B23C0005080000 Disc-type cutters B23C0005100000 Shank-type cutters, i.e. with an integral shaft B23C0005120000 Cutters specially designed for producing particular profiles (B23C0005100000 takes precedence);; B23C0005140000 essentially comprising curves B23C0005160000 characterised by physical features other than shape B23C0005180000 with permanently-fixed cutter-bits or teeth B23C0005200000 with removable cutter-bits or teeth B23C0005220000 Securing arrangements for bits or teeth B23C0005240000 adjustable B23C0005260000 Securing milling-cutters to the driving spindle B23C0005280000 Features relating to lubricating or cooling B23C0007000000 Milling devices able to be attached to a machine tool, whether or not replacing an operative portion of the machine tool B23C0007020000 to lathes B23C0007040000 to planing or slotting machines B23C0009000000 Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutters (drives, control devices, or accessories, in general B23Q);; B23D PLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (making toothed gears or the like B23F;cutting metal by applying heat locally B23K; arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q) B23D0001000000 Planing or slotting machines cutting by relative movement of the tool and workpiece in a horizontal straight line only B23D0001020000 by movement of the work-support B23D0001040000 with the tool supported only on one side of the bed B23D0001060000 with the tool supported on both sides of the bed B23D0001080000 by movement of the tool B23D0001100000 with means for adjusting the tool-guide vertically B23D0001120000 with the tool supported only on one side of the bed B23D0001140000 with the tool supported on both sides of the bed B23D0001160000 without means for adjusting the tool-guide vertically B23D0001180000 cutting on both the forward and the return stroke B23D0001200000 with tool-supports or work-supports specially mounted or guided for working in different directions or at different angles; Special purpose machines B23D0001220000 for planing ingots or the like B23D0001240000 for planing inner surfaces, e.g. of moulds B23D0001260000 for planing edges or ridges or cutting grooves (cutting helical grooves B23D0005020000);; B23D0001280000 in which the tool or workpiece is fed otherwise than in a straight line, e.g. for planing profiled stock B23D0001300000 in which the direction of feed is controlled by a copying device, e.g. by a pattern (features of copying devices B23Q0035000000);; B23D0003000000 Planing or slotting machines cutting by relative movement of the tool and workpiece in a vertical or inclined straight line B23D0003020000 for cutting grooves (cutting helical grooves B23D0005020000);; B23D0003040000 in which the tool or workpiece is fed otherwise than in a straight line B23D0003060000 in which the direction of feed is controlled by a copying device, e.g. by a pattern (features of copying devices B23Q0035000000);; B23D0005000000 Planing or slotting machines cutting otherwise than by relative movement of the tool and workpiece in a straight line B23D0005020000 involving rotary and straight-line movements only, e.g. for cutting helical grooves B23D0005040000 controlled by a copying device, e.g. by a pattern (features of copying devices B23Q0035000000);; B23D0007000000 Planing or slotting machines characterised only by constructional features of particular parts (constructional features of these parts per B23Q);; B23D0007020000 of frames, of work-table beds B23D0007040000 of pillars, of cross-beams B23D0007060000 of tool-carrying arrangements B23D0007080000 of work-tables B23D0007100000 of drives for reciprocating parts B23D0007120000 of arrangements for impact damping or regenerating energy B23D0009000000 Hand-operated planing devices; Portable planing apparatus B23D0011000000 Planing or slotting devices able to be attached to a machine tool, whether or not replacing an operative portion of the machine tool B23D0013000000 Tools or tool holders specially designed for planing or slotting machines (features applicable also to turning-machines B23B0027000000, B23B0029000000;for cutting gear teeth B23F0021040000) B23D0013020000 Pivotally-mounted holders B23D0013040000 Holders for tool sets B23D0013060000 Devices for lifting or lowering the tool B23D0015000000 Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades which move parallel to themselves B23D0015020000 having both upper and lower moving blades B23D0015040000 having only one moving blade B23D0015060000 Sheet shears B23D0015080000 with a blade moved in one plane, e.g. perpendicular to the surface of the sheet B23D0015100000 with a blade moved in a curved surface, e.g. for producing an edge with a curved cross-section B23D0015120000 characterised by drives or gearings therefor B23D0015140000 actuated by fluid or gas pressure B23D0017000000 Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by blades pivoted on a single axis (on an axis parallel to the blade B23D0015100000;hand-held devices B23D0029000000) B23D0017020000 characterised by drives or gearings therefor B23D0017040000 actuated by a rotary shaft B23D0017060000 actuated by fluid or gas pressure B23D0017080000 actuated by hand or foot operated lever mechanism B23D0019000000 Shearing machines or shearing devices cutting by rotary discs (by friction saw-discs B23D0045000000);; B23D0019020000 having both a fixed shearing blade and a rotary shearing disc B23D0019040000 having rotary shearing discs arranged in co-operating pairs B23D0019060000 with several spaced pairs of shearing discs working simultaneously, e.g. for trimming or making strips B23D0019080000 for special use, e.g. for cutting curves, for chamfering edges B23D0021000000 Machines or devices for shearing or cutting tubes (by sawing, see the relevant groups for sawing machines or sawing devicesas additional equipment for deep-drawing presses B21D0024160000) B23D0021020000 otherwise than in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the tube, e.g. for making mitred cuts, for making bicycle frames B23D0021040000 Tube-severing machines with rotating tool-carrier B23D0021060000 Hand-operated tube cutters B23D0021080000 with cutting wheels B23D0021100000 with other cutting blades or tools B23D0021120000 with provision for hammering on the tool B23D0021140000 cutting inside the tube B23D0023000000 Machines or devices for shearing or cutting profiled stock (hand-held devices B23D0029000000);; B23D0023020000 otherwise than in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the stock B23D0023040000 by means of holding-dies, arranged side by side, subjecting the stock to torsional stress B23D0025000000 Machines or arrangements for shearing stock while the latter is travelling otherwise than in the direction of the cut (controlling slack in travelling flexible stock B21C0047100000);; B23D0025020000 Flying shearing machines (B23D0025120000 takes precedence);; B23D0025040000 in which a cutting unit moves bodily with the work while cutting (B23D0025060000 takes precedence);; B23D0025060000 having a cutting device mounted on an oscillating lever B23D0025080000 having two coacting shearing blades mounted independently B23D0025100000 on co-operating beams moving parallel to each other and attached to lever mechanisms B23D0025120000 Shearing machines with blades on coacting rotating drums B23D0025140000 without regard to the exact dimensions of the resulting material, e.g. for cutting-up scrap B23D0025160000 Control arrangements specially adapted for machines for shearing travelling stock B23D0027000000 Machines or devices for cutting by a nibbling action B23D0027020000 Hand-held devices B23D0027040000 actuated by electric power B23D0027060000 actuated by fluid or gas pressure B23D0029000000 Hand-held metal-shearing or metal-cutting devices (with nibbling action B23D0027020000;hand-operated devices for metal-cutting otherwise than by shearing B26B) B23D0029020000 Hand-operated metal-shearing devices B23D0031000000 Shearing machines or shearing devices covered by none or more than one of the groups ; B23D0015000000-B23D0029000000; Combinations of shearing machines B23D0031020000 for performing different cutting operations on travelling stock, e.g. slitting and severing simultaneously B23D0031040000 for trimming stock combined with devices for shredding scrap B23D0033000000 Accessories for shearing machines or shearing devices (feeding stock to machines or removing stock B21D0043000000);; B23D0033020000 Arrangements for holding, guiding, or feeding work during the operation B23D0033040000 for making circular cuts B23D0033060000 in which the direction of feed is controlled by a copying device, e.g. by a pattern (features of copying devices B23Q0035000000);; B23D0033080000 Press-pads; Counter-bases; Hold-down devices B23D0033100000 Stops for positioning work B23D0033120000 Equipment for indicating where to cut B23D0035000000 Tools for shearing machines or shearing devices; Holders or chucks for shearing tools B23D0037000000 Broaching machines or broaching devices B23D0037020000 Broaching machines with horizontally-arranged working tools B23D0037040000 for broaching inner surfaces B23D0037060000 for broaching outer surfaces B23D0037080000 Broaching machines with vertically-arranged working tools B23D0037100000 for broaching inner surfaces B23D0037120000 for broaching outer surfaces B23D0037140000 Broaching machines with rotatably-arranged working tools B23D0037160000 for broaching helical grooves B23D0037180000 Broaching machines with working tools mounted on an endless chain or belt B23D0037200000 Broaching machines with arrangements for working in opposite directions B23D0037220000 for special purposes (B23D0037140000 takes precedence);; B23D0039000000 Accessories for broaching machines or broaching devices B23D0041000000 Broaching machines or broaching devices characterised only by constructional features of particular parts (constructional features of these parts per B23Q);; B23D0041020000 of frames; of work supports B23D0041040000 of tool-carrying arrangements B23D0041060000 of devices for feeding, clamping, or ejecting workpieces B23D0041080000 of drives; of control devices B23D0043000000 Broaching tools (for cutting gear teeth B23F0021260000);; B23D0043020000 for cutting by rectilinear movement (B23D0043080000 takes precedence);; B23D0043040000 having inserted cutting edges B23D0043060000 for cutting by rotational movement B23D0043080000 mounted on an endless chain or belt B23D0045000000 Sawing machines or sawing devices with circular saw blades or with friction saw discs (shearing machines with rotary discs B23D0019000000-B23D0025000000); B23D0045020000 with a circular saw blade or the stock mounted on a carriage B23D0045040000 with a circular saw blade or the stock carried by a pivoted lever B23D0045060000 with a circular saw blade arranged underneath a stationary work-table B23D0045080000 with a ring blade having inside saw teeth B23D0045100000 with a plurality of circular saw blades B23D0045120000 with a circular saw blade for cutting tubes B23D0045140000 for cutting otherwise than in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the stock, e.g. for making a mitred cut B23D0045160000 Hand-held sawing devices with circular saw blades B23D0045180000 Machines with circular saw blades for sawing stock while the latter is travelling otherwise than in the direction of the cut B23D0045200000 Flying sawing machines, the saw carrier of which is reciprocated in a guide and moves with the travelling stock during sawing B23D0045220000 Flying sawing machines with lever-supported saw carrier which moves in a complete circular path B23D0045240000 Flying sawing machines with lever-supported saw carrier which oscillates in an arc B23D0045260000 With high-speed cutting discs, performing the cut by frictional heat melting the material B23D0047000000 Sawing machines or sawing devices working with circular saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts (constructional features of these parts per B23Q);; B23D0047020000 of frames; of guiding arrangements for work-table or saw-carrier B23D0047040000 of devices for feeding, positioning, clamping, or rotating work B23D0047060000 for stock of indefinite length B23D0047080000 of devices for bringing the circular saw blade to the workpiece or removing same therefrom B23D0047100000 actuated by fluid or gas pressure B23D0047120000 of drives for circular saw blades B23D0049000000 Machines or devices for sawing with straight reciprocating saw blades, e.g. hacksaws B23D0049020000 Hacksaw machines with straight saw blades secured to a rectilinearly-guided frame, e.g. with the frame fed stepwise in the plane of the guide B23D0049040000 Hacksaw machines with straight saw blades secured to a pivotally-arranged frame B23D0049060000 Hacksaw machines with straight saw blades for special use B23D0049080000 Pad-saw machines, i.e. machines in which the blade is attached to a carrier at one end only B23D0049100000 Hand-held or hand-operated sawing devices with straight saw blades B23D0049120000 Hacksaws (B23D0049160000 takes precedence;bows adjustable in length or height B23D0051120000) B23D0049140000 Pad saws (B23D0049160000 takes precedence);; B23D0049160000 actuated by electric or magnetic power or prime movers B23D0051000000 Sawing machines or sawing devices working with straight blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts (constructional features of these parts per B23Q);;Carrying or attaching means for tools, dealt with in this sub-class, which are connected to a carrier at both ends B23D0051020000 of beds; of guiding arrangements for work-tables or saw carriers B23D0051040000 of devices for feeding, positioning, clamping, or rotating work B23D0051060000 for stock of indefinite length B23D0051080000 of devices for mounting straight saw blades or other tools B23D0051100000 for hand-held or hand-operated devices B23D0051120000 for use with tools, dealt with in this sub-class, which are connected to a carrier at both ends, e.g. bows adjustable in length or height B23D0051140000 Attachment of the tool B23D0051160000 of drives or feed mechanisms for straight tools, e.g. saw blades, or bows B23D0051180000 actuated by fluid or gas pressure (B23D0051200000 takes precedence);; B23D0051200000 with controlled feed of the tool, or with special arrangements for relieving or lifting the tool on the return stroke B23D0053000000 Machines or devices for sawing with strap saw blades which are effectively endless in use, e.g. for contour cutting B23D0053020000 with stationarily-mounted wheels carrying the strap (B23D0053060000 takes precedence);; B23D0053040000 with the wheels carrying the strap mounted shiftably or swingingly, other than merely for adjustment B23D0053060000 with shiftable or swinging work-table B23D0053080000 for cutting profiled stock B23D0053100000 Sawing devices working with strap saw blades able to be attached to a machine tool, whether or not replacing an operative portion of the machine tool B23D0053120000 Hand-held or hand-operated sawing devices working with strap saw blades B23D0055000000 Sawing machines or sawing devices working with strap saw blades, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts (constructional features of these parts per B23Q);; B23D0055020000 of frames; of tables B23D0055040000 of devices for feeding or clamping work B23D0055060000 of drives for strap saw blades; of wheel mountings B23D0055080000 of devices for guiding or feeding strap saw blades B23D0055100000 of devices for tensioning strap saw blades (B23D0055060000 takes precedence;incorporated in the strap B23D0061120000) B23D0057000000 Sawing machines or sawing devices not covered by one of the preceding groups ; B23D0045000000-B23D0055000000 B23D0057020000 with chain saws B23D0059000000 Accessories specially designed for sawing machines or sawing devices (lubricating or cooling machine tools in general B23Q0011120000);; B23D0059020000 Devices for lubricating or cooling circular saw blades B23D0059040000 Devices for lubricating or cooling straight or strap saw blades B23D0061000000 Tools for sawing machines or sawing devices (tools for trepanning B23B0051040000);;Clamping devices for these tools B23D0061020000 Circular saw blades B23D0061040000 with inserted saw teeth B23D0061060000 in exchangeable arrangement B23D0061080000 Ring saw blades with internal saw teeth B23D0061100000 clamped between hubs; Clamping or aligning devices therefor B23D0061120000 Straight saw blades; Strap saw blades B23D0061140000 with inserted saw teeth B23D0061160000 in exchangeable arrangement B23D0061180000 Sawing tools of special type, e.g. wire saw strands, saw blades or saw wire equipped with diamonds or other abrasive particles in selected individual positions B23D0063000000 Dressing the tools of sawing machines or sawing devices for use in cutting any kind of material, e.g. in the manufacture of sawing tools B23D0063020000 Setting saw teeth by means of hand-operated devices B23D0063040000 Setting saw teeth of circular, straight, or strap saw blades by means of power-operated devices B23D0063060000 Upsetting the cutting edges of saw teeth, e.g. swaging B23D0063080000 Sharpening the cutting edges of saw teeth B23D0063100000 by filing B23D0063120000 by grinding B23D0063140000 Sharpening circular saw blades B23D0063160000 of chain saws (of mortise chain cutters B24B0003140000);; B23D0063180000 Straightening damaged saw blades; Reconditioning the side surfaces of saw blades, e.g. by grinding B23D0063200000 Combined processes for dressing saw teeth, e.g. both hardening and setting B23D0065000000 Making tools for sawing machines or sawing devices for use in cutting any kind of material B23D0065020000 Making saw teeth by punching, cutting, or planing B23D0065040000 Making saw teeth by milling B23D0067000000 Filing or rasping machines or devices (securing arrangements for files or rasps B23D0071000000);; B23D0067020000 with reciprocating tools, mounted on a yoke or the like B23D0067040000 with reciprocating tools, attached to a carrier at one end only B23D0067060000 with rotating tools B23D0067080000 with tools mounted on an endless chain or belt B23D0067100000 for special use, e.g. for filing keys; Accessories therefor B23D0067120000 Hand-held or hand-operated filing or rasping devices (hand files or rasps B23D0071040000);; B23D0069000000 Filing or rasping machines or devices, characterised only by constructional features of particular parts, e.g. guiding arrangements, drives (constructional features of these parts per B23Q);;Accessories for filing or rasping (attached to the tool B23D0071100000);; B23D0069020000 Guiding arrangements for hand tools B23D0071000000 Filing or rasping tools; Securing arrangements therefor (tool holders for machine tools B23Q0003000000;handles for hand implements B25G) B23D0071020000 for filing or rasping machines or devices B23D0071040000 Hand files or hand rasps (carrying or attaching means for tools which are connected to a carrier at both ends B23D0051120000;guiding arrangements B23D0069020000) B23D0071060000 using a single interchangeable blade B23D0071080000 using a plurality of interchangeable cutting elements B23D0071100000 Accessories for filing or rasping tools, e.g. for preventing scoring of workpieces by the edges of the tool B23D0073000000 Making files or rasps B23D0073020000 Preliminary treatment of blanks, e.g. grinding, polishing, specially adapted for the manufacture of files or rasps B23D0073040000 Methods or machines for the manufacture of files or rasps (non-mechanical methods in the relevant classes) B23D0073060000 Cutting the working surfaces by means of chisels B23D0073080000 Milling, planing, slotting, knurling, or broaching the working surfaces B23D0073100000 Grinding the working surfaces B23D0073120000 Peculiar procedures for sharpening or otherwise treating the working surfaces (special treatment by sand-blast B24C0001020000;sharpening files by etching C23F0001060000) B23D0073140000 Tools or accessories specially adapted for making files or rasps, e.g. chisels, supporting-frames B23D0075000000 Reaming machines or reaming devices (tool holders for machine tools B23Q0003000000;handles for hand implements B25G) B23D0077000000 Reaming tools B23D0077020000 Reamers with inserted cutting edges B23D0077040000 with cutting edges adjustable to different diameters along the whole cutting length B23D0077060000 Reamers with means for compensating wear (B23D0077040000 takes precedence);; B23D0077080000 by spreading slotted parts of the tool body B23D0077100000 by expanding a tube-like non-slotted part of the tool body B23D0077120000 Reamers with cutting edges arranged in tapered form B23D0077140000 Reamers for special use, e.g. for working cylinder ridges B23D0079000000 Methods, machines or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material (by combined operations B23D0081000000;tool holders for machine tools B23Q0003000000; handles for hand implements B25G) B23D0079020000 Machines or devices for scraping (turning machines for bevelling, chamfering, or deburring the ends of bars or tubes B23B0005160000);; B23D0079040000 with rotating cutting-tool, e.g. for smoothing linings of bearings B23D0079060000 with reciprocating cutting-tool B23D0079080000 Hand scraping-implements B23D0079100000 Accessories for holding scraping tools or work to be scraped B23D0081000000 Methods, machines, or devices for working metal, covered by more than one main group in this sub-class (in combination with other metal-working operations B23P0013000000, B23P0023000000);; B23F MAKING GEARS AND TOOTHED RACKS (by stamping B21D;by rolling B21H; by forging or pressing B21K; by casting B22; arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q) B23F0001000000 Making gear teeth by tools of which the profile matches the profile of the required surface (special adaptations for making curved teeth B23F0009000000);; B23F0001020000 by grinding B23F0001040000 by planing or slotting B23F0001060000 by milling B23F0001080000 by broaching; by broach-milling B23F0003000000 Making gear teeth involving copying operations controlled by templates having a profile which matches that of the required tooth face or part thereof or a copy thereof to a different scale (copying systems or devices per B23Q0035000000);; B23F0005000000 Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made B23F0005020000 by grinding B23F0005040000 the tool being a grinding worm B23F0005060000 the tool being a grinding disc with a plane front surface B23F0005080000 the tool being a grinding disc having a profile which is the same as the tooth or teeth of a rack B23F0005100000 the tool being a grinding disc having a profile which is the same as the tooth or teeth of a crown wheel B23F0005120000 by planing or slotting B23F0005140000 the tool having the same profile as a tooth or teeth of a rack B23F0005160000 the tool having a shape similar to that of a spur wheel or part thereof B23F0005180000 the tool having the same profile as a tooth of a crown wheel B23F0005200000 by milling B23F0005220000 the tool being a hob for making spur gears B23F0005240000 the tool being a hob for making bevel gears B23F0005260000 the tool having the same profile as a tooth or teeth of a rack, for making spur gears B23F0005280000 by broaching; by broach-milling B23F0007000000 Making herring-bone gear teeth B23F0009000000 Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction B23F0009020000 by grinding B23F0009040000 by planing or slotting with reciprocating cutting tools B23F0009060000 having a shape similar to a spur wheel of part thereof B23F0009080000 by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob B23F0009100000 with a face-mill B23F0011000000 Making worm wheels, e.g. by hobbing B23F0013000000 Making worms by methods essentially requiring the use of machines of the gear-cutting type (making screw-thread B23G);; B23F0013020000 Making worms of cylindrical shape B23F0013040000 by grinding B23F0013060000 Making worms of globoidal shape B23F0013080000 by grinding B23F0015000000 Methods or machines for making gear wheels of special kinds not covered by ; B23F0007000000-B23F0013000000 B23F0015020000 Making gear teeth on wheels of varying radius of operation, e.g. on elliptical wheels B23F0015040000 Making fine-pitch gear teeth on clock wheels or the like by special machining B23F0015060000 Making gear teeth on the front surface of wheels, e.g. for clutches or couplings with toothed faces B23F0015080000 Making intermeshing rotors, e.g. of pumps B23F0017000000 Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups B23F0019000000 Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth B23F0019020000 Lapping gear teeth B23F0019040000 Lapping spur gears by making use of a correspondingly shaped counterpart B23F0019060000 Shaving the faces of gear teeth B23F0019080000 by means of a tools moving depthwise relatively to the teeth B23F0019100000 Chamfering the end edges of gear teeth B23F0019120000 by grinding B23F0021000000 Tools specially adapted for use in machines for manufacturing gear teeth B23F0021020000 Grinding discs; Grinding worms (truing grinding tools, grinding tools in general B24D);; B23F0021040000 Planing or slotting tools B23F0021060000 having a profile which matches a gear tooth profile B23F0021080000 having the same profile as a tooth or teeth of a rack B23F0021100000 Gear-shaper cutters having a shape similar to a spur wheel or part thereof B23F0021120000 Milling tools B23F0021140000 Profile cutters of disc type B23F0021160000 Hobs B23F0021180000 Taper hobs, e.g. for bevel gears B23F0021200000 Fly cutters B23F0021220000 Face-mills for longitudinally-curved gear teeth B23F0021240000 Broach-milling tools B23F0021260000 Broaching tools B23F0021280000 Shaving cutters B23F0023000000 Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines (tool-guiding mechanisms, see the relevant groups for making gear teeth;accessories or equipment not restricted to gear-cutting machines B23Q) B23F0023020000 Loading arrangements; Chucking arrangements B23F0023040000 Loading arrangements B23F0023060000 Chucking arrangements B23F0023080000 Index mechanisms B23F0023100000 Arrangements for compensating irregularities in drives or indexing mechanisms B23F0023120000 Other devices, e.g. tool holders; Checking devices for controlling workpieces in machines for manufacturing gear teeth B23G THREAD CUTTING; WORKING OF SCREWS, BOLT HEADS, OR NUTS, IN CONJUNCTION THEREWITH (thread-forming by corrugating tubes B21D0015040000;by rolling B21H0003020000, by forging, pressing, or hammering B21K0001560000; making helical grooves by turning B23B0005480000, by milling B23C0003320000; by grinding B24B0019020000; arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q) B23G0001000000 Thread cutting; Automatic machines specially designed therefor B23G0001020000 on an external or internal cylindrical or conical surface, e.g. on recesses (B23G0001160000, B23G0001220000, B23G0001320000, B23G0001360000 take precedence);; B23G0001040000 Machines with one working-spindle B23G0001060000 specially adapted for making conical screws, e.g. wood-screws B23G0001080000 Machines with a plurality of working-spindles B23G0001100000 specially adapted for making conical screws, e.g. wood-screws B23G0001120000 Machines with a toothed cutter in the shape of a spur gear or the like which is rotated to generate the thread profile as the work rotates B23G0001140000 specially adapted for making conical screws, e.g. wood-screws B23G0001160000 in holes of workpieces by taps (B23G0001260000, B23G0001320000, B23G0001360000 take precedence);; B23G0001180000 Machines with one working-spindle B23G0001200000 Machines with a plurality of working-spindles B23G0001220000 Machines specially designed for operating on pipes or tubes B23G0001240000 portable B23G0001260000 Manually-operated thread-cutting devices (features of the threading tool per B23G0005000000);; B23G0001280000 with means for adjusting the threading tool B23G0001300000 without means for adjusting the threading tool, e.g. with die-stocks (tap wrenches B25B);; B23G0001320000 by milling B23G0001340000 with a cutting bit moving in a closed path arranged eccentrically with respect to the axis of the rotating workpiece B23G0001360000 by grinding B23G0001380000 with grinding discs guided along the workpiece in accordance with the pitch of the required thread B23G0001400000 with grinding discs guided radially to the workpiece B23G0001420000 Centreless grinding B23G0001440000 Equipment or accessories specially designed for machines or devices for thread cutting B23G0001460000 for holding the threading tools B23G0001480000 for guiding the threading tools B23G0001500000 for cutting thread by successive operations B23G0001520000 for operating on pipes or tubes B23G0003000000 Arrangements or accessories for enabling machine tools not specially designed only for thread cutting to be used for this purpose, e.g. arrangements for reversing the working-spindle B23G0003020000 for withdrawing or resetting the threading tool B23G0003040000 for repeatedly setting the threading tool in a predetermined working position B23G0003060000 for compensating inaccuracies in the pitch of the lead-screw B23G0003080000 for advancing or controlling the threading tool or the work by templates, cams, or the like B23G0003100000 for cutting thread of variable pitch B23G0003120000 for using several adjacently-arranged threading tools, e.g. using several chasers B23G0003140000 for cutting thread of conical shape B23G0005000000 Thread-cutting tools; Die-heads B23G0005020000 without means for adjustment B23G0005040000 Dies B23G0005060000 Taps (chucks therefor B23B0031000000);; B23G0005080000 with means for adjustment B23G0005100000 Die-heads B23G0005120000 self-releasing B23G0005140000 Tapping-heads B23G0005160000 self-releasing B23G0005180000 Milling cutters B23G0005200000 combined with other tools, e.g. drills B23G0007000000 Forming thread by means of tools similar both in form and in manner of use to thread-cutting tools, but without removing any material (features of machines or devices not specially adapted to the particular mode of forming the thread B23G0001000000);; B23G0007020000 Tools for this purpose B23G0009000000 Working screws, bolt heads or nuts in conjunction with thread cutting, e.g. slotting screw heads or shanks, removing burrs from screw heads or shanks; Finishing, e.g. polishing, any screw thread B23G0011000000 Feeding or discharging mechanisms combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, thread-cutting machines (for machine tools in general B23Q);; B23K SOLDERING; WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING (plating B23P0003000000;arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q) B23K0001000000 Soldering metal (B23K0003000000 takes precedence;characterised only by the use of special materials or media B23K0035000000; dip or wave soldering in the manufacture of printed circuits H05K0003340000) B23K0001020000 Soft soldering B23K0001040000 Brazing or high-temperature soldering B23K0001060000 making use of vibrations, e.g. supersonic vibrations B23K0001080000 Soldering by means of dipping in molten solder B23K0001100000 Arc-stud soldering B23K0001120000 specially adapted for particular articles of work B23K0001140000 for soldering seams (making tubes involving operations other than soldering B21C);; B23K0001160000 longitudinal seams, e.g. of shells B23K0001180000 circumferential seams, e.g. of shells B23K0001200000 Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating (preparation of surfaces in particular ways in the relevant classes for the treatments or the materials treated, e.g. C23C, C04B);; B23K0003000000 Tools, devices, or special appurtenances for soldering, not adapted for special methods (materials used for soldering B23K0035000000);; B23K0003020000 Soldering irons; Bits B23K0003040000 Heating appliances (soldering lamps or blowpipes F23D;electric heating elements H05B) B23K0003060000 Solder feeding devices; Solder melting pans B23K0005000000 Gas flame welding B23K0005020000 Seam welding (making tubes involving operations other than welding B21C);; B23K0005040000 using additional profiled strips or like of welding metal along seam edges B23K0005060000 Welding longitudinal seams B23K0005080000 Welding circumferential seams B23K0005100000 Welding workpieces essentially comprising layers of different metals, e.g. plated workpieces B23K0005120000 taking account of the properties of the material to be welded B23K0005140000 of non-ferrous metals (B23K0005160000 takes precedence);; B23K0005160000 of different metals B23K0005180000 for purposes other than joining parts, e.g. built-up welding B23K0005200000 making use of vibrations, e.g. supersonic vibrations B23K0005220000 Auxiliary equipment, e.g. backings, guides B23K0005240000 Arrangements for supporting torches (not restricted to flame welding B23K0037020000);; B23K0007000000 Cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing by applying flames B23K0007020000 Machines, apparatus, or equipment for cutting plane workpieces, e.g. plates B23K0007040000 Machines, apparatus, or equipment specially adapted for cutting curved workpieces, e.g. tubes B23K0007060000 Machines, apparatus, or equipment specially designed for scarfing or desurfacing B23K0007080000 by applying additional compounds or means favouring the cutting, scarfing, or desurfacing procedure B23K0007100000 Auxiliary devices, e.g. for guiding or supporting the torch (guiding means applicable to other metal-working machines B23Q);; B23K0009000000 Arc welding or cutting (electro-slag welding B23K0025000000;welding transformers H01F; welding generators H02K) B23K0009020000 Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts B23K0009040000 Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding B23K0009060000 Arrangements or circuits for generating ignition voltage and stabilising the arc B23K0009080000 Arrangements or circuits for magnetic control of the arc B23K0009100000 Other electric circuits therefor; Protective circuits; Remote controls B23K0009120000 Automatic feeding of electrodes or work for spot or seam welding or cutting B23K0009140000 making use of insulated electrodes B23K0009160000 making use of shieldings gas B23K0009180000 Submerged-arc welding B23K0009200000 Stud welding B23K0009220000 Percussion welding B23K0009240000 Features related to electrodes (form or composition of electrodes B23K0035000000);; B23K0009260000 Accessories for electrodes, e.g. ignition tips B23K0009280000 Supporting devices for electrodes (not restricted to arc welding or cutting B23K0037020000);; B23K0009300000 Vibrating holders for electrodes B23K0009320000 Accessories (earthing connections H01R);; B23K0011000000 Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating B23K0011020000 Pressure butt welding B23K0011040000 Flash butt welding B23K0011060000 using roller electrodes B23K0011080000 Seam welding not restricted to one of the preceding sub-groups B23K0011100000 Spot welding; Stitch welding B23K0011120000 making use of vibrations B23K0011140000 Projection welding B23K0011160000 taking account of the properties of the material to be welded B23K0011180000 of non-ferrous metals (B23K0011200000 takes precedence);; B23K0011200000 of different metals B23K0011220000 Severing by resistance heating B23K0011240000 Electric supply or control circuits therefor B23K0011260000 Storage discharge welding B23K0011280000 Portable welding equipment B23K0011300000 Features relating to electrodes (form or composition of electrodes B23K0035000000);; B23K0013000000 Welding by induction heating B23K0013020000 Seam welding B23K0015000000 Electron-beam welding or cutting B23K0017000000 Using the energy of nuclear particles in welding or related techniques B23K0019000000 Welding by applying impact or other pressure after or during heating of the workpieces (forging, hammering, pressing B21J, B21K);; B23K0021000000 Cold pressure welding (forging, hammering, pressing B21J, B21K);; B23K0023000000 Alumino-thermic welding B23K0025000000 Slag welding, i.e. using a heated layer or mass of powder, slag, or the like in contact with the material to be joined (B23K0023000000 takes precedence;submerged-arc welding B23K0009180000) B23K0027000000 Welding or cutting otherwise than mentioned before, e.g. electrolytic welding by laser beam (working of metal by electro-erosion B23P0001000000, e.g. electrolytic cutting B23P0001040000);; B23K0029000000 Welding not restricted to procedures covered by one of the preceding main groups B23K0031000000 Processes relevant to this sub-class, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups (making tubes or profiled bars involving operations other than soldering or welding B21C0037040000, B21C0037080000);; B23K0031020000 relating to soldering or welding (dip or wave soldering in the manufacture of printed circuits H05K0003340000);; B23K0031040000 Connecting cutting edges or the like to tools B23K0031060000 Making tubes with soldering or welding B23K0031080000 Making profiled bars with soldered or welded seams B23K0031100000 relating to cutting or desurfacing B23K0033000000 Specially-profiled edge portions of workpieces for making soldering or welding connections; Filling the seams formed thereby B23K0035000000 Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting B23K0035020000 characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape B23K0035040000 specially designed for use as electrodes (ignition tips for arc welding or cutting B23K0009260000);; B23K0035060000 of non-circular cross-section; with special arrangement, e.g. internal B23K0035080000 multi-cored; multiple B23K0035100000 with more than one layer of coating or sheathing material B23K0035120000 not specially designed for use as electrodes B23K0035140000 for soldering B23K0035160000 of non-circular cross-section; with special arrangement, e.g. internal (B23K0035140000 takes precedence);; B23K0035180000 multi-cored; multiple B23K0035200000 with more than one layer of coating or sheathing material B23K0035220000 characterised by the composition or nature of the material B23K0035240000 Selection of soldering or welding materials proper (B23K0035340000 takes precedence);; B23K0035260000 with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 °C B23K0035280000 with the principal constituent melting at less than 950 °C B23K0035300000 with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 °C B23K0035320000 with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 °C B23K0035340000 comprising compounds which yield metals when heated B23K0035360000 Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes (B23K0035340000 takes precedence);; B23K0035380000 Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area B23K0035400000 Making wire or rods for soldering or welding (processes involving a single technical art, see the relevant classes, e.g. B21C);; B23K0037000000 Auxiliary devices not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups (applicable to metal-working machines other than soldering, welding, and flame-cutting machines B23Q;eye-shields for welders worn on the operators's body or carried in the hand A61F0009000000; other protective shields F16P0001060000) B23K0037020000 Carriages for supporting the welding or cutting element B23K0037040000 for holding or positioning work B23K0037060000 for positioning the molten material, e.g. confining it to a desired area B23P OTHER WORKING OF METAL; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS (arrangements for copying or controlling B23Q);; B23P0001000000 Working of metal by electro-erosion, i.e. removing particles from metal objects by direct action of high concentrations of electric current applied by devices taking the place of tools; Other metal-working using the same technique (tools for electrolytic grinding B24D;electrolytic surface treatment in general C23B; using low concentrations of electric current, i.e. electrolytic etching or polishing C23B0003000000) B23P0001020000 Apparatus; Devices; Electric circuits B23P0001040000 for performing electro-erosion within an electrolytic medium B23P0001060000 for arc discharge B23P0001080000 for spark discharge B23P0001100000 for combined erosion procedures; for simultaneous erosion and mechanical working of metal (mechanical grinding or polishing B24);; B23P0001120000 Electrodes; Moving or positioning electrodes relatively to work B23P0001140000 Maintaining the desired spacing between electrodes and work B23P0001160000 Applications of particular working media, e.g. dielectrics, electrolytes B23P0001180000 for built-up working, e.g. hard facing B23P0001200000 for producing effects on surfaces, e.g. smoothing or roughening B23P0003000000 Plating metal; Joining metal workpieces by the same procedures (plating by extrusion B21C;procedures or apparatus covered by a single other sub-class, and not restricted to plating, see the relevant sub-class, e.g. B21D0039000000; by sintering metallic powder B22F; by adhesives F16B0011000000) B23P0003020000 by application of pressure only, or pressure and heat; Preparation of workpieces therefor B23P0003040000 by means of a press B23P0003060000 by passing through a rolling mill B23P0003080000 by cold pressure welding B23P0003090000 of blast pressure B23P0003100000 involving melting the metal of one layer B23P0003120000 Preventing air access during plating; Using protective gases or vacuum during plating (formed by means of an interposed layer of material B23P0003140000);; B23P0003140000 by interposing a special layer, e.g. for absorbing or producing gas, favouring the formation of the connection of the parts B23P0003160000 Zonal plating by interposing weld-preventing substances between zones not to be welded B23P0003180000 for making hollow objects of interjoined sheets or strips to be inflated or otherwise expanded (processes involving the inflation B21D);;Pretreatments therefor B23P0003200000 of laminations of different materials, e.g. bimetallic strip, not covered by one of the preceding sub-groups B23P0003220000 Joining to specific portions of workpieces parts of another quality B23P0003240000 Attaching reinforcements to workpieces, e.g. wear-resisting zones to table ware B23P0003260000 for forming the working portions of tools, e.g. cutting edges B23P0003280000 Special methods allowing subsequent separation, e.g. of metals of high quality from scrap material B23P0005000000 Setting gems or the like on metal parts, e.g. diamonds on tools B23P0007000000 Restoring or reconditioning objects (by casting B22D0019100000;procedures or apparatus covered by a single other sub-class, and not restricted to restoring or reconditioning, see the relevant sub-class); B23P0007020000 pistons or cylinders B23P0007040000 Repairing fractures or cracked metal parts or products, e.g. castings B23P0009000000 Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings (treatment covered by a single other sub-class, see the relevant sub-class, e.g. B24C, C21D0007000000, C22F0001000000);;Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified B23P0009020000 Treating or finishing by applying pressure, e.g. knurling (B23P0009040000 takes precedence);; B23P0009040000 Treating or finishing by hammering or applying repeated pressure B23P0011000000 Connecting metal parts or objects by metal-working procedures, not covered wholly by either B21J; or B23K; (B23P0003000000 takes precedence;connecting sheet metal or metal tubes, rods or profiles B21D0039000000; objects produced by methods not important per, see the relevant subclasses dealing with the objects, e.g. B21F0015000000, B21L0019000000; hand tools for connecting wire or strip B25B0025000000; connecting metal parts by adhesives F16B0011000000) B23P0011020000 by first expanding and then shrinking or ; vice versa, e.g. by using pressure fluidsby making force fits B23P0013000000 Making metal objects by operations essentially involving machining but not covered by a single other sub-class (making specific objects B23P0015000000);; B23P0013020000 in which only the machining operations are important B23P0013040000 involving slicing of profiled material B23P0015000000 Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other sub-class or a group in this sub-class B23P0015020000 turbine or like blades from one piece B23P0015040000 turbine or like blades from several pieces B23P0015060000 piston rings from one piece B23P0015080000 piston rings from several pieces B23P0015100000 pistons B23P0015120000 gratings B23P0015140000 gear parts, e.g. gear wheels B23P0015160000 plates with holes of very small diameter e.g. for spinning or burner nozzles B23P0015180000 brake shoes B23P0015200000 railroad requirements, e.g. buffers B23P0015220000 cartridges or like shells B23P0015240000 dies (B21C0003180000, B21C0025100000, B21D0037200000 take precedence);; B23P0015260000 heat exchangers or the like B23P0015280000 cutting tools (sawing tools B23D0063000000, B23D0065000000;files or rasps B23D0073000000) B23P0015300000 lathe or like tools B23P0015320000 twist-drills B23P0015340000 milling cutters B23P0015360000 for thread cutting B23P0015380000 planing or slotting tools (B23P0015300000 takes precedence);; B23P0015400000 shearing tools B23P0015420000 broaching tools B23P0015440000 scraping or shaving tools B23P0015460000 reaming tools B23P0015480000 threading tools (milling cutters for thread-cutting B23P0015360000);; B23P0015500000 dies B23P0015520000 taps B23P0017000000 Metal-working operations, not covered by a single other sub-class or another group in this sub-class B23P0017020000 Single metal-working processes; Machines or apparatus therefor B23P0017040000 characterised by the nature of the material involved or the kind of product independently of its shape B23P0017060000 Making steel wool or the like B23P0019000000 Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation (interference fits B23P0011000000);;Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes (hand tools in general B25);; B23P0019020000 for connecting objects by press fit or for detaching same B23P0019040000 for assembling or disassembling parts B23P0019060000 Screw or nut setting or loosening machines B23P0019080000 Machines for placing washers, circlips, or the like on bolts or other members B23P0021000000 Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control B23P0023000000 Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other sub-class (if the particular kinds of operation are not essential B23Q0037000000-B23Q0041000000; features relating to operations covered by a single sub-class, see the relevant sub-class for the operation); B23P0023020000 Machine tools for performing different machining operations (lathes, e.g. capstan lathes, B23B;combined horizontal boring and milling machines B23B0039020000) B23P0023040000 for both machining and other metal-working operations B23P0023060000 Metal-working plant comprising a number of associated machines or apparatus B23P0025000000 Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress B23Q DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING (tools of the kind used in lathes or boring machines B23B0027000000);;MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF MACHINE TOOLS, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR METAL-WORKING RESULT B23Q0001000000 Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members (B23Q0037000000 takes precedence);; B23Q0001020000 Frames, beds, pillars, or analogous members; Work-tables not designed to be fed or driven (rotatable B23Q0001160000);;Arrangements of ways B23Q0001040000 Work-tables or other members, variable or adjustable in inclination B23Q0001060000 Work-tables interchangeably movable into operating positions B23Q0001080000 carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work or of devices for supporting or holding same (B23Q0001020000 takes precedence;if designed to be fed or driven B23Q0001140000; headstocks or the like, working-spindle supports B23B0019000000) B23Q0001100000 Movable members, e.g. swinging arms B23Q0001120000 variable or adjustable in inclination B23Q0001140000 Work-tables or analogous members, designed to be fed or driven; Similar members carrying tool mountings B23Q0001160000 Rotatable members, e.g. faceplates B23Q0001180000 Members slidable in a line, e.g. reciprocatable B23Q0001200000 Carriages, cross-slides, or analogous members (of lathe or similar type B23B0021000000;non-driven tool holders B23B0029000000) B23Q0001220000 Other stationary supporting devices for tools or moving work (parts holding tools or work B23Q0003000000;tailstocks B23B0023000000) B23Q0001240000 Auxiliary devices, e.g. steadies, rests B23Q0001260000 Constructional features relating to the co-operation of relatively slidable members; Means for preventing relative movement of such members (bearings for linearly-moving parts F16C0029000000);; B23Q0001280000 Means for securing sliding members in any desired position B23Q0001300000 controlled in conjunction with the feed mechanism B23Q0003000000 Devices holding, supporting, or positioning, work or tools more or less directly, of a kind normally removable from the machine (work-tables or other parts, e.g. faceplates, normally not incorporating means for securing work B23Q0001000000;positioning controlled by indicating or measuring equipment B23Q0017000000; rotary tool heads for turning-machines B23B0003240000, B23B0003260000; non-driven tool holders B23B0029000000; general features of turrets B23B0029240000) B23Q0003020000 for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part (B23Q0003150000 takes precedence);; B23Q0003040000 adjustable in inclination B23Q0003060000 Work-clamping means (if not specially adapted for machine tools B25B);; B23Q0003080000 other than mechanically-actuated B23Q0003100000 Auxiliary devices, e.g. bolsters, extension members B23Q0003120000 for securing to a spindle in general (B23Q0003152000 takes precedence;chucks B23B0031020000) B23Q0003140000 Mandrels in general (expansion mandrels B23B0031400000);; B23Q0003150000 Devices for holding work using magnetic or electric force acting directly on the work B23Q0003152000 Rotary devices B23Q0003154000 Stationary devices B23Q0003155000 Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools B23Q0003157000 of rotary tools B23Q0003160000 controlled in conjunction with the operation of the tool B23Q0003180000 for positioning only B23Q0005000000 Driving or feeding mechanisms; Control arrangements therefor (copying B23Q0033000000, B23Q0035000000;specially adapted for boring or drilling machines B23B0039100000, B23B0047020000; automatic control of a series of stops G05B0019000000) B23Q0005020000 Driving main working members B23Q0005040000 rotary shafts, e.g. working-spindles B23Q0005060000 driven essentially by fluid pressure or pneumatic power B23Q0005080000 electrically controlled B23Q0005100000 driven essentially by electrical means B23Q0005120000 Mechanical drives with means for varying the speed ratio B23Q0005140000 step-by-step B23Q0005160000 infinitely-variable B23Q0005180000 Devices for preselecting speed of working-spindle B23Q0005200000 Adjusting or stopping working-spindles in a predetermined position B23Q0005220000 Feeding members carrying tools or work directly or indirectly B23Q0005240000 not mechanically connected to the main drive, e.g. with separate motor(s) (connected to main drive through servomotors B23Q0005360000);; B23Q0005260000 Fluid-pressure drives B23Q0005280000 Electric drives B23Q0005300000 mechanically derived from main drive B23Q0005320000 feeding working-spindles (feeding working-spindle supports B23Q0005340000);; B23Q0005340000 Feeding other members supporting tools or work, e.g. saddles, tool-slides, through mechanical transmission B23Q0005360000 in which a servomotor forms an essential element B23Q0005380000 feeding continuously B23Q0005400000 by feed shaft, e.g. lead screw B23Q0005420000 Mechanism associated with headstock B23Q0005440000 Mechanism associated with the moving member B23Q0005460000 with variable speed ratio B23Q0005480000 by use of toothed gears B23Q0005500000 feeding step-by-step B23Q0005520000 Limiting feed movement B23Q0005540000 Arrangements or details not restricted to group ; B23Q0005020000; or group B23Q0005220000; respectively B23Q0005560000 Preventing backlash B23Q0005580000 Safety devices B23Q0007000000 Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting (incorporated in working-spindles B23B0013000000, B23B0019020000);; B23Q0007020000 by means of drums or rotating tables or discs B23Q0007040000 by means of grippers B23Q0007060000 by means of pushers B23Q0007080000 by means of slides or chutes B23Q0007100000 by means of magazines B23Q0007120000 Sorting arrangements B23Q0007140000 co-ordinated in production lines B23Q0009000000 Arrangements for supporting or guiding portable metal-working machines or apparatus (for tapping pipes B23B0041080000;specially designed for drilling B23B0045140000) B23Q0009020000 for securing machines or apparatus to workpieces, or other parts, of particular shape, e.g. to beams of particular cross-section B23Q0011000000 Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools (in respect of boring or drilling machines B23B0047240000, B23B0047320000 take precedence;safety devices in general F16P) B23Q0011020000 Devices for removing scrap from the cutting teeth of circular cutters B23Q0011040000 Arrangements preventing overload of tools, e.g. restricting load B23Q0011060000 Safety devices for circular cutters B23Q0011080000 Protective coverings for parts of machine tools; Splash guards B23Q0011100000 Arrangements of devices for cooling or lubricating tools or work (incorporated in tools, see the relevant sub-class for the tool);; B23Q0011120000 Arrangements for cooling or lubricating machine parts B23Q0011140000 Measures or means for maintaining a constant temperature in parts of machine tools B23Q0013000000 Equipment for use with tools or cutters when not in operation, e.g. protectors for storage B23Q0015000000 Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of tool or work (measuring or gauging instruments per G01B);; B23Q0015020000 according to the instantaneous size and the required size of the workpiece acted upon (B23Q0015060000 takes precedence);; B23Q0015040000 according to the final size of the previously machined workpiece (B23Q0015060000 takes precedence);; B23Q0015060000 according to measuring results produced by two or more gauging methods using different measuring principles, e.g. by both optical and mechanical gauging B23Q0017000000 Indexing equipment; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment on machine tools (instruments per G01);;Support or mounting of indicating or measuring equipment; Control of position of tool or work by such equipment (particularly for co-ordinate boring or drilling machines B23B0039060000);; B23Q0017020000 Indexing equipment B23Q0017040000 for dividing angles; Dividing heads B23Q0017060000 of vernier dials B23Q0017080000 of equipment for measuring cutting pressure B23Q0017100000 of equipment for measuring cutting speed or number of revolutions B23Q0017120000 of equipment for measuring vibration B23Q0017140000 of autocollimator equipment B23Q0017160000 of measuring faces on component parts of machine tools, e.g. on tool holders B23Q0017180000 Controlling position of tool or work B23Q0019000000 Arrangements, e.g. optical projecting means, for enabling the operator to ; see the position of the tool in relation to the work B23Q0021000000 Equipment for controlling starting or stopping of the movement of tool or work in a predetermined position, e.g. for exact in-feed B23Q0021020000 with means for withdrawing tool or work during reverse movement B23Q0023000000 Arrangements for compensating for irregularities or wear, e.g. of ways, of setting mechanisms B23Q0027000000 Geometrical mechanisms for the production of work of particular shapes, not fully provided for in another sub-class B23Q0033000000 Methods for copying B23Q0035000000 Control systems or devices for copying directly from a pattern or a master model; Devices for use in copying manually B23Q0035020000 Copying discrete points from the pattern, e.g. for determining the position of holes to be drilled B23Q0035040000 using a feeler or the like travelling along the outline of the pattern, model or drawing; Feelers, patterns, or models therefor B23Q0035060000 specially adapted for controlling successive operations, e.g. separate cuts, on a workpiece B23Q0035080000 Means for transforming movement of the feeler or the like into feed movement of tool or work B23Q0035100000 mechanically only B23Q0035120000 involving electrical means (programme recording for copying purposes in a separate apparatus G05, G11);; B23Q0035121000 using mechanical sensing B23Q0035122000 the feeler opening or closing electrical contacts B23Q0035123000 the feeler varying the impedance in a circuit B23Q0035124000 varying resistance B23Q0035125000 varying capacitance B23Q0035126000 varying inductance B23Q0035127000 using non-mechanical sensing B23Q0035128000 Sensing by using optical means B23Q0035129000 Sensing by means of electric discharges B23Q0035130000 Sensing by using magnetic means B23Q0035140000 controlling one or more electromotors B23Q0035160000 controlling fluid motors B23Q0035180000 involving fluid means (B23Q0035160000 takes precedence);; B23Q0035200000 with special means for varying the ratio of reproduction B23Q0035220000 specially adapted for compensating for wear of the tool B23Q0035240000 Feelers; Feeler units B23Q0035260000 designed for physical contact with a pattern or a model B23Q0035280000 for control of a mechanical copying system B23Q0035300000 for control of an electrical or electro-hydraulic copying system B23Q0035320000 in which the feeler makes and breaks an electrical contact or contacts, e.g. with brush-type tracers B23Q0035340000 in which the feeler varies an electrical characteristic in a circuit, e.g. capacity, frequency B23Q0035360000 for control of a hydraulic or pneumatic copying system B23Q0035380000 designed for sensing the pattern, model, or drawing without physical contact (sensing by means of a fluid jet B23Q0035360000);; B23Q0035400000 involving optical or photoelectrical systems B23Q0035420000 Patterns; Master models B23Q0035440000 provided with means for adjusting the contact face, e.g. comprising flexible bands held by set-screws B23Q0035460000 Supporting devices therefor B23Q0035480000 Using a feeler or the like travelling to-and-fro between opposite parts of the outline of the pattern, model, or drawing B23Q0037000000 Metal-working machines, or constructional combinations thereof, built-up from units designed so that at least some of the units can form parts of different machines or combinations; Units therefor in so far as the feature of interchangeability is important (features relating to particular metal-working operations, see the relevant sub-classes, e.g. B23P0023000000);; B23Q0039000000 Machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation (B23Q0033000000, B23P0023000000 take precedence;if the operations are similar and the kind of operation is essential, see the relevant sub-class for the operation); B23Q0039020000 the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station B23Q0039040000 the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps (associations of machines connected only by work-transferring means B23Q0041000000);; B23Q0041000000 Combinations or associations of machines covered by sub-section "Shaping" of Section B (B23Q0037000000, B23Q0039000000 take precedence;features relating to the operation performed, if the latter is of one particular kind, see the sub-class for the kind of operationfeatures essentially relating to specified combinations of different metal-working operations B23P0023000000) B23Q0041020000 Features relating to transfer of work between machines B23Q0041040000 Features relating to relative arrangements of machines B23Q0041060000 Features relating to organisation of working of machines B23Q0041080000 Features relating to maintenance of efficient operation B24 GRINDING; POLISHING B24B MACHINES, DEVICES OR METHODS FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING (tools for grinding, buffing or sharpening B24D;grinding of gear teeth B23F; of screw threads B23G0001360000; by electro-erosion B23P0001000000; by electrolytic treatment C23B; grinding arrangements for use on assembled railway tracks E01B0031170000); TRUING OF GRINDING STONES; FEEDING OF GRINDING AGENTS B24B0001000000 Methods for grinding or working essentially requiring the use of grinding, polishing, or finishing machines or devices; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods (electrolytic grinding B23P0001000000);; B24B0001020000 for cutting pieces from stock, i.e. severing (machines therefor B24B0027060000);; B24B0001040000 for making holes by using pulverulent abrading substances, subjected to a bouncing action of ultrasonic frequency B24B0003000000 Sharpening cutting edges, e.g. of tools; Accessories therefor, e.g. for holding the tools (non-abrasive sharpening devices for scythes, sickles, or the like A01D0003000000;sharpening devices designed as components of machines with cutters, see the relevant classes for the machines, e.g. A01D0075080000, B26D0007120000; sharpening of saw teeth B23D0063120000; sharpening of files or rasps B23D0073000000; grinding of die-stocks or chasers B23G0001360000) B24B0003020000 of milling cutters B24B0003040000 of plain milling cutters B24B0003060000 of face or end milling cutters or cutter heads, e.g. of shank type B24B0003080000 of profile milling cutters, e.g. of disc type B24B0003100000 of routers or engraving needles B24B0003120000 of hobs B24B0003140000 of mortise chain cutters B24B0003160000 of broaches B24B0003180000 of taps or reamers B24B0003200000 Tapering or chamfering taps or reamers B24B0003220000 Relief cutting of taps or reamers B24B0003240000 of drills (by fluting the shank B24B0019040000);; B24B0003260000 of the point of twist drills B24B0003280000 by swivelling the drill around an axis angularly to the drill axis B24B0003300000 and rotating the drill about its own axis B24B0003320000 for thinning the point B24B0003330000 of drills for stone B24B0003340000 of turning or planing tools or tool bits, e.g. gear cutters (B24B0003360000 takes precedence);; B24B0003360000 of cutting blades (B24B0003580000 takes precedence);; B24B0003380000 for planing wood, e.g. cutter blades B24B0003400000 Processes or apparatus specially adapted for sharpening curved edges B24B0003420000 helically bent, e.g. for lawn mowers B24B0003440000 of sickles B24B0003460000 of disc blades B24B0003480000 of razor blades or razors (by an abrasive block without mechanisms B24D);; B24B0003500000 operated manually B24B0003520000 of shear blades or scissors B24B0003540000 of hand or table knives B24B0003550000 of knife bars for harvesting machines B24B0003560000 of slicing bands (B24B0003580000 takes precedence);; B24B0003580000 of scalloped edges B24B0003600000 of tools not covered by the preceding sub-groups B24B0005000000 Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work; Accessories therefor (B24B0011000000-B24B0021000000; take precedence);; B24B0005020000 involving centres or chucks for holding work B24B0005040000 for grinding cylindrical surfaces externally (grinding combined cylindrical and conical surfaces B24B0005140000);; B24B0005060000 for grinding cylindrical surfaces internally (B24B0005400000 takes precedence);; B24B0005080000 involving a vertical working-spindle B24B0005100000 involving a horizontal working-spindle B24B0005120000 for grinding cylindrical surfaces both externally and internally with several grinding wheels B24B0005140000 for grinding conical surfaces, e.g. of centres B24B0005160000 for grinding peculiarly profiled surfaces, e.g. bulged B24B0005180000 involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work (work supports with bracing means B24B0041060000);; B24B0005200000 involving grooved abrading blocks B24B0005220000 for grinding cylindrical surfaces, e.g. on bolts B24B0005240000 for grinding conical surfaces B24B0005260000 for grinding peculiarly profiled surfaces, e.g. bulged B24B0005280000 for grinding outer surfaces concentrically to bores, involving additional centring means B24B0005300000 Regulating-wheels; Equipment therefor B24B0005320000 involving indexable work-supporting means carrying several work-pieces to be operated on in succession B24B0005340000 Accessories, e.g. for supporting work B24B0005360000 Single-purpose machines or devices B24B0005380000 for externally grinding travelling elongated stock, e.g. wire B24B0005400000 for grinding tubes internally B24B0005420000 for grinding crankshafts or crankpins B24B0005440000 for grinding rims of vehicle wheels, e.g. for bicycles B24B0005460000 for grinding railways car wheels B24B0005480000 for grinding walls of very fine holes, e.g. in drawing-dies B24B0005500000 characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground, e.g. strings (grinding profiles in treads of tyres B29H0017400000);; B24B0007000000 Machines or devices designed for grinding plane surfaces on work; Accessories therefor (B24B0021000000 takes precedence);; B24B0007020000 involving a reciprocatingly-moved work-table or grinding wheel B24B0007040000 involving a rotary work-table B24B0007060000 involving a sequence of travelling work-tables B24B0007080000 involving a stationary work-table with an abrasive wheel built in B24B0007100000 Single-purpose machines or devices (grinding tools or machines specially designed for use on assembled railway track E01B0031120000);; B24B0007120000 for grinding travelling elongated stock, e.g. sheets B24B0007140000 for grinding slideways, e.g. of machine tools B24B0007160000 for grinding end faces, e.g. of gap gauges, gauge blocks, rollers, nuts, piston rings, coils (for bevelling B24B0009000000);; B24B0007180000 for grinding floorings, e.g. terrazzo, parquet (machines or devices for cleaning floorings A47L0011000000, A47L0013000000);; B24B0007200000 characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground B24B0007220000 for grinding stone, ceramic, crystals, or vitrified substances, e.g. tiles B24B0007240000 for grinding or polishing glass, e.g. plate-glass B24B0007260000 on opposite faces on continuously-travelling bands of glass B24B0007280000 for grinding wood B24B0009000000 Machines or devices designed for grinding edges of or bevels on work; Accessories therefor (B24B0021000000 takes precedence;for sharpening cutting edges on tools B24B0003000000) B24B0009020000 characterised by a special design with respect to properties of materials specific to articles to be ground B24B0009040000 of metal, e.g. skate blades B24B0009060000 of stone, ceramics, or vitrified substances B24B0009080000 of glass B24B0009100000 of plate-glass B24B0009120000 of hollow glassware B24B0009140000 of lenses; of prisms B24B0009160000 of diamonds; of jewels; Diamond grinders' dops; Dop holders or tongs B24B0009180000 of wood B24B0011000000 Machines or devices designed for grinding spherical surfaces or parts of spherical surfaces on work; Accessories therefor (specially designed for optical surfaces B24B0013000000, for seat surfaces B24B0015000000);; B24B0011020000 for grinding balls B24B0011040000 involving grinding wheels B24B0011060000 acting by the front faces, e.g. of plane, grooved, or bevelled shape B24B0011080000 acting by the circumference B24B0011100000 of cup type B24B0013000000 Machines or devices designed for grinding optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor (for spherical surfaces in general B24B0011000000);; B24B0013020000 by means of tools with abrading surfaces corresponding in shape with the lenses or other work to be made B24B0013040000 involving grinding wheels controlled by a gearing B24B0015000000 Machines or devices designed for grinding seat surfaces; Accessories therefor (for spherical surfaces in general B24B0011000000);; B24B0015020000 in valve housings B24B0015040000 on poppets B24B0015060000 on stoppers, e.g. for bottles B24B0015080000 for grinding co-operating seat surfaces by moving one over the other B24B0017000000 Machines or devices for grinding controlled by patterns, magnetic tapes, or equivalent means, e.g. by copying devices (such control means per B23Q0033000000, B23Q0035000000, G05);;Accessories therefor B24B0017020000 involving mechanical transmission means only B24B0017040000 involving optical means B24B0017060000 combined with electrical transmission means B24B0017080000 involving fluid transmission means only B24B0017100000 involving electrical transmission means only, e.g. controlled by magnetic tape B24B0019000000 Single purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any preceding main group (B24B0021000000 takes precedence;tapering, chamfering or relief cutting of taps or reamers B24B0003200000, B24B0003220000); Accessories therefor (grinding screw threads B23G0001360000);; B24B0019020000 for grinding grooves, e.g. on shafts, in casings, in tubes, in gun barrels B24B0019040000 for fluting drill shanks B24B0019060000 for grinding races, e.g. roller races B24B0019080000 for grinding non-circular workpieces, e.g. shafts of elliptical cross-section B24B0019100000 for grinding pistons B24B0019110000 for grinding rings, e.g. piston rings B24B0019120000 for grinding cams or camshafts B24B0019140000 for grinding turbine or impeller or wheels B24B0019160000 for grinding sharp-pointed workpieces, e.g. needles, injection needles B24B0019180000 for grinding carding equipment, e.g. card-clothings (devices for sharpening card-clothings built in or attachable to carding machines D01G);; B24B0019200000 for grinding dies (for grinding walls of very fine holes B24B0005480000);; B24B0019220000 characterised by a special design with respect to properties of the material of non-metallic articles to be ground B24B0019240000 of wood, e.g. furniture B24B0019260000 for grinding arcuate surfaces, e.g. on brake shoes, on brake linings B24B0021000000 Machines or devices using abrasive belts or cords, e.g. for sanding wood; Accessories therefor (for sharpening cutting edges of tools B24B0003000000;portable arrangements B24B0023060000) B24B0021020000 designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work B24B0021040000 designed for grinding plane surfaces B24B0021060000 involving members with limited contact area pressing the belt against the work, e.g. shoes sweeping across the whole area to be ground (B24B0021120000 takes precedence);; B24B0021080000 Pressure shoes; Pressure members B24B0021100000 involving a rigid member, e.g. pressure bar, table, pressing or supporting the belt over substantially its whole span B24B0021120000 involving a contact wheel or roller pressing the belt against the work B24B0021140000 Contact wheels B24B0021160000 designed for grinding other surfaces of particular shape B24B0021180000 Accessories, e.g. for controlling the tracking of the grinding belts B24B0023000000 Portable grinding machines or devices; Accessories therefor; Accessories for use with hand grinding tools (B24B0007180000 takes precedence;supporting or guiding portable or suspended metal-working or like apparatus, in general B23P0017000000) B24B0023020000 with grinding wheels or discs B24B0023040000 with oscillating abrasive blocks B24B0023060000 with endless travelling abrasive belts B24B0023080000 Arrangements for securing portable grinding machines or devices or workpieces or other parts of particular section, e.g. for grinding commutators B24B0025000000 Grinding machines of universal type B24B0027000000 Other grinding machines or devices B24B0027020000 Bench grinders; Grinders with flexible shaft B24B0027040000 Grinding machines or devices in which the grinding tool is supported on a swinging arm B24B0027060000 Grinders for cutting-off B24B0029000000 Machines or devices designed for polishing surfaces on work by means of buffing tools, i.e. of soft and flexible material without abrasive properties; Accessories therefor B24B0031000000 Machines or devices designed for polishing or abrading surfaces on work by means of tumbling apparatus or other apparatus in which the work or the abrasive material is loose; Accessories therefor (abrasive blasting machines B24C0003260000);; B24B0031020000 involving rotary barrels B24B0031040000 with tiltable axis B24B0031060000 involving oscillating or vibrating containers B24B0031080000 involving a rotating bowl in which a ring zone of abrasive powder is formed by centrifugal forces B24B0031100000 involving other means for mutual tumbling of work B24B0031120000 Accessories B24B0031140000 Abrading-bodies specially designed for tumbling apparatus, e.g. abrading-balls B24B0033000000 Honing machines or devices using abrading blocks performing axial and rotary movements superimposed on one another; Accessories therefor B24B0033020000 designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes B24B0033040000 designed for working external surfaces of revolution B24B0033050000 designed for working grooves, e.g. in gun barrels B24B0033060000 with controlling or gauging equipment (gauging in general G01B;controlling in general G05) B24B0033080000 Honing tools for such machines or devices (abrading blocks per B24D);; B24B0033100000 Accessories B24B0035000000 Machines or devices designed for superfinishing surfaces on work, i.e. by means of abrading blocks reciprocating with high frequency B24B0037000000 Lapping machines or devices, i.e. requiring pulverulent abrading substances inserted between a lap of relatively soft but rigid material and the surface to be lapped; Accessories therefor B24B0037020000 designed for working surfaces of revolution B24B0037040000 designed for working plane surfaces B24B0037060000 designed for working grooves, e.g. in gun barrels B24B0039000000 Burnishing machines or devices, i.e. requiring pressure members for compacting the surface zone (modifying the physical properties or structure of metal by burnishing C21D0007080000, C22F0001000000);;Accessories therefor B24B0039020000 designed for working internal surfaces of revolution B24B0039040000 designed for working external surfaces of revolution B24B0041000000 Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks B24B0041020000 Frames; Beds; Carriages B24B0041040000 Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto B24B0041060000 Work supports, e.g. adjustable steadies B24B0045000000 Means for securing grinding wheels on rotary arbors (suppression of vibrations in systems F16F0015000000;testing static or dynamic balancing of machines G01M0001000000) B24B0047000000 Drives or gearings; Equipment therefor B24B0047020000 for performing a reciprocating movement of carriages or work-tables B24B0047040000 by mechanical gearing only B24B0047060000 by liquid or gas pressure only B24B0047080000 by mechanical gearing combined with fluid systems B24B0047100000 for rotating or reciprocating working-spindles carrying grinding wheels or workpieces (reciprocating spindle mountings B24B0047020000);; B24B0047120000 by mechanical gearing or electric power (B24B0047160000 takes precedence);; B24B0047140000 by liquid or gas pressure (B24B0047160000 takes precedence);; B24B0047160000 performing a reciprocating movement, e.g. during which the sense of rotation of the working-spindle is reversed B24B0047180000 for rotating the spindle at a speed adaptable to wear of the grinding wheel B24B0047200000 relating essentially to feed movement B24B0047220000 Equipment for exact control of the position of the grinding tool or work at the start of the grinding operation B24B0047240000 involving adjusting the position of dressing tools B24B0047260000 Accessories, e.g. stops B24B0047280000 Equipment for preventing backlash B24B0049000000 Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation (B24B0033060000 takes precedence;if applicable to other machine tools B23Q0015000000, B23Q0017000000; take precedencegauging instruments per G01B) B24B0049020000 according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent; according to the final size of the previously-ground workpiece (B24B0049120000 takes precedence);; B24B0049040000 involving measurement of the workpiece B24B0049060000 requiring comparison of the workpiece with standard gauging plugs, rings or the like B24B0049080000 involving liquid or pneumatic means B24B0049100000 involving electrical means (B24B0049020000, B24B0049080000 take precedence);; B24B0049120000 involving optical means B24B0049140000 taking regard of the temperature during grinding B24B0049160000 taking regard of the load B24B0049180000 taking regard of the presence of dressing tools B24B0051000000 Arrangements for automatic control of a series of individual steps in grinding a workpiece (if applicable to other machine tools G05B takes precedence);; B24B0053000000 Devices or means for truing or conditioning abrading surfaces B24B0053020000 of plane surfaces on abrasive tools B24B0053040000 of cylindrical or conical surfaces on abrasive tools or wheels B24B0053060000 of profiled abrasive wheels B24B0053080000 controlled by a pattern or a lever mechanism or gearing B24B0053100000 of travelling flexible backings coated with abrasives B24B0053120000 Dressing tools equipped with diamonds; Holders therefor B24B0053140000 Dressing tools equipped with rotary cutters; Holders therefor B24B0055000000 Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in or specially designed for use in connection with grinding and polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding and polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition (of general applicability for machine tools B23Q0011000000;in general F16P) B24B0055020000 Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces (incorporated in grinding wheels B24D);; B24B0055040000 Protective covers for the grinding wheel B24B0055060000 Dust-extraction equipment on grinding machines B24B0057000000 Devices for feeding or applying grinding, polishing or lapping agents (for abrasive blasting B24C0007000000);; B24C ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL B24C0001000000 Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods B24C0001020000 for sharpening or cleaning cutting tools, e.g. files B24C0001040000 for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass B24C0001060000 for producing matt surfaces, e.g. on plastic materials, on glass B24C0001080000 for polishing surfaces, e.g. by making use of liquid-borne abrasives B24C0001100000 for compacting surfaces, e.g. shot-peening (as a metallurgical treatment C21D0007000000, C22F0001000000);; B24C0003000000 Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants B24C0003020000 characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other (B24C0003080000, B24C0003180000 take precedence);; B24C0003040000 stationary B24C0003060000 movable; portable B24C0003080000 essentially adapted for abrasive blasting of travelling stock or travelling workpieces B24C0003100000 for treating external surfaces B24C0003120000 Apparatus using nozzles B24C0003140000 Apparatus using impellers B24C0003160000 for treating internal surfaces B24C0003180000 essentially provided with means for moving workpieces into different working positions (B24C0003080000 takes precedence);; B24C0003200000 the work being supported by turn-tables B24C0003220000 Apparatus using nozzles B24C0003240000 Apparatus using impellers B24C0003260000 the work being supported by barrel cages, i.e. tumblers; Gimbal mountings therefor B24C0003280000 Apparatus using nozzles B24C0003300000 Apparatus using impellers B24C0003320000 designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks (B24C0003080000, B24C0003180000 take precedence);; B24C0003340000 for cleaning sparking plugs B24C0005000000 Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts B24C0005020000 Blast guns ; per B24C0005040000 Nozzles therefor (nozzles in general B05B);; B24C0005060000 Impeller wheels; Rotor blades therefor B24C0005080000 Devices for generating abrasive blasts non-mechanically, e.g. of metallic abrasives by means of a magnetic field B24C0007000000 Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts B24C0009000000 Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material B24C0011000000 Selection of abrasive materials for abrasive blasts (polishing compositions C09G);; B24D TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING (if specially designed for a particular purpose provided for in a single other class, that class takes precedence, e.g. B23F0021020000;polishing or abrasive compositions C09G, C09K0003140000) B24D0003000000 Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents (composition of friction linings F16D0069020000);; B24D0003020000 the constituent being used as bonding agent B24D0003040000 and being essentially inorganic B24D0003060000 metallic B24D0003080000 for close-grained structure, e.g. using metal with low melting point B24D0003100000 for porous or cellular structure, e.g. for use with diamonds as abrasives B24D0003120000 water-setting, e.g. concrete B24D0003140000 ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings B24D0003160000 for close grained structure, i.e. of high density B24D0003180000 for porous or cellular structure B24D0003200000 and being essentially organic B24D0003220000 Rubbers B24D0003240000 for close-grained structure B24D0003260000 for porous or cellular structure B24D0003280000 Resins B24D0003300000 for close-grained structure B24D0003320000 for porous or cellular structure B24D0003340000 characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties B24D0005000000 Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting only by their periphery; Bushings or mountings therefor B24D0005020000 Wheels in one piece B24D0005040000 with reinforcing means B24D0005060000 with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental (zonally graded B24D0005140000);; B24D0005080000 with reinforcing means B24D0005100000 with cooling provisions, e.g. with radial slots B24D0005120000 Cut-off wheels B24D0005140000 Zonally-graded wheels; Composite wheels comprising different abrasives B24D0005160000 Bushings; Mountings B24D0007000000 Bonded abrasive wheels, or wheels with inserted abrasive blocks, designed for acting otherwise than only by their periphery, e.g. by the front face; Bushings and mountings therefor B24D0007020000 Wheels in one piece B24D0007040000 with reinforcing means B24D0007060000 with inserted abrasive blocks, e.g. segmental (zonally-graded B24D0007140000);; B24D0007080000 with reinforcing means B24D0007100000 with cooling provisions B24D0007120000 with apertures for inspecting the surface to be abraded B24D0007140000 Zonally-graded wheels; Composite wheels comprising different abrasives B24D0007160000 Bushings; Mountings B24D0007180000 Wheels of special form (if specially designed for a particular purpose provided for in a single other class, that class takes precedence); B24D0009000000 Wheels or drums supporting in exchangeable arrangement a layer of flexible abrasive material, e.g. sandpaper (wheels or drums as machine elements F16);; B24D0009020000 Expansible drums for carrying flexible material in tubular form, e.g. expanded by centrifugal force B24D0009040000 Rigid drums for carrying flexible material B24D0009060000 able to be stripped-off from a built-in delivery spool B24D0009080000 Circular back-plates for carrying flexible material B24D0009100000 with suction means for securing the material B24D0011000000 Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials B24D0011020000 Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics B24D0011040000 Zonally-graded surfaces B24D0011060000 Connecting the ends of materials, e.g. for making abrasive belts B24D0011080000 Equipment for after-treatment of the coated backings, e.g. for flexing the coating B24D0013000000 Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor B24D0013020000 acting by their periphery B24D0013040000 comprising a plurality of flaps or strips arranged around the axis B24D0013060000 the flaps or strips being individually attached B24D0013080000 comprising annular or circular sheets packed side by side B24D0013100000 comprising assemblies of brushes B24D0013120000 comprising assemblies of felted or spongy material, e.g. felt, steel wool, foamed latex B24D0013140000 acting by the front face B24D0013160000 comprising pleated flaps or strips B24D0013180000 with cooling provisions B24D0013200000 Mountings for the wheels B24D0015000000 Hand tools or other devices for non-rotary grinding, polishing, or stropping B24D0015020000 rigid; with rigidly-supported operative surface B24D0015040000 resilient; with resiliently-mounted operative surface B24D0015060000 specially designed for sharpening cutting edges B24D0015080000 of knives; of razors B24D0015100000 of safety-razor blades (devices with mechanically-operated parts B24B0003500000);; B24D0017000000 Abrasive or polishing tools not covered by any preceding group in this sub-class B25 HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS B25B TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING, OR HOLDING B25B0001000000 Vices (specially adapted for machine tools B23Q0003000000);; B25B0001020000 with sliding jaws B25B0001040000 with pivoted jaws B25B0001060000 Arrangements for positively actuating jaws B25B0001080000 using cams B25B0001100000 using screws B25B0001120000 with provision for disengagement B25B0001140000 using toggle links B25B0001160000 by pedal, with or without provision for additional manual B25B0001180000 motor driven, e.g. with fluid drive, with or without provision for manual actuation B25B0001200000 Vices for clamping work of special profile, e.g. pipes B25B0001220000 Arrangements for turning or tilting vices B25B0001240000 Details, e.g. jaws of special shape, slideways B25B0003000000 Hand vices, i.e. vices intended to be held by hand; Pin vices B25B0005000000 Clamps B25B0005020000 with sliding jaws B25B0005040000 with pivoted jaws B25B0005060000 Arrangements for positively actuating jaws B25B0005080000 using cams B25B0005100000 using screws B25B0005120000 using toggle links B25B0005140000 Clamps for work of special profile (for holding or positioning work for welding, soldering B23K0037040000);; B25B0005160000 Details, e.g. jaws, jaw attachments B25B0007000000 Pliers; Other hand-held gripping tools with jaws on pivoted limbs; Details applicable generally to pivoted-limb hand tools (implements for fastening, connecting, or tensioning wire or strip B25B0025000000;adapted for other fitting or separating purposes B25B0027000000; for marking animals A01K0011000000; dentists' forceps A61C0003000000; bending wire eyes B21F0001060000; hand-held metal-shearing or metal-cutting devices B23D0029000000; hand cutting tools B26B; for punching or perforating B26F0001360000; devices for securing ends of binding material in bundling machines B65B0013240000; specially designed for watch-making or comparable work G04D0001000000) B25B0007020000 Jaws B25B0007040000 adjustable B25B0007060000 Joints B25B0007080000 with fixed fulcrum B25B0007100000 with adjustable fulcrum B25B0007120000 involving special transmission means between the handles and the jaws, e.g. toggle levers, gears B25B0007140000 Locking means B25B0007160000 combined with means for tightening the operating arms or jaws B25B0007180000 Adjusting means for the operating arms B25B0007200000 Pliers for sealing B25B0007220000 Pliers provided with auxiliary tool elements, e.g. cutting edges, nail extractors B25B0009000000 Hand-held gripping tools other than those covered by group B25B0007000000; (wrenches B25B0013000000;specially adapted for watchmakers' or like use G04D) B25B0009020000 without sliding or pivotal connections, e.g. tweezers, one-piece tongs B25B0009040000 with sliding jaws B25B0011000000 Work holders not covered by any preceding group in the sub-class, e.g. magnetic work holders, vacuum work holders (specially adapted to machine tools B23Q0003000000);; B25B0011020000 Assembly jigs B25B0013000000 Spanners; Wrenches (hand-driven gear-operated B25B0017000000;impact wrenches B25B0019000000; portable power-driven B25B0021000000; machines for fitting together or separating metal parts B23P0019000000) B25B0013020000 with rigid jaws (B25B0013460000, B25B0013480000 take precedence);; B25B0013040000 of ring jaw type B25B0013060000 of socket type B25B0013080000 of open jaw type B25B0013100000 with adjustable jaws (B25B0013460000, B25B0013480000 take precedence);; B25B0013120000 the jaws being slidable B25B0013140000 by rack and pinion, worm or gear B25B0013160000 by screw or nut B25B0013180000 by cam, wedge, or lever B25B0013200000 Arrangements for locking the jaws B25B0013220000 by ratchet action or toothed bars B25B0013240000 by cam, wedge, or friction means B25B0013260000 by toggle links B25B0013280000 the jaws being pivotally movable B25B0013300000 by screw or nut B25B0013320000 by cam, wedge, or lever B25B0013340000 Arrangements for locking the jaws B25B0013360000 by ratchet action B25B0013380000 by cam, wedge, or friction means B25B0013400000 by toggle links B25B0013420000 with self-locking action B25B0013440000 of the chuck type B25B0013460000 of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle B25B0013480000 for special purposes B25B0013500000 for operating on work of special profile, e.g. pipes B25B0013520000 Chain or strap wrenches B25B0013540000 Internal grip wrenches B25B0013560000 Spanner sets B25B0013580000 Jaw attachments B25B0015000000 Screwdrivers (hand-driven gear-operated B25B0017000000;impact screwdrivers B25B0019000000; portable power-driven B25B0021000000) B25B0015020000 operated by rotating the handle B25B0015040000 with ratchet action B25B0015060000 operated by axial movement of the handle B25B0017000000 Hand-driven gear-operated wrenches or screwdrivers (ratchet operated B25B0013460000, B25B0015040000);; B25B0017020000 providing for torque amplification B25B0019000000 Impact wrenches or screwdrivers (portable power-driven B25B0021020000);; B25B0021000000 Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose (machines B23P0019060000);; B25B0021020000 with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket B25B0023000000 Details of and accessories for spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers (bolt tensioners B25B0029020000);; B25B0023020000 Arrangements for handling screws or nuts B25B0023040000 for feeding screws or nuts B25B0023060000 using built-in magazine B25B0023080000 for holding or positioning screw or nut prior to or during its rotation B25B0023100000 using mechanical gripping means B25B0023120000 using magnetic means B25B0023140000 Arrangement of torque limiters or torque indicators in wrenches or screwdrivers (devices for measuring torque per G01L);; B25B0023160000 Handles (in general B25G);; B25B0023180000 Devices for illuminating the head of the screw or the nut B25B0025000000 Implements for fastening, connecting, or tensioning wire or strip B25B0027000000 Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for B25B0027020000 for connecting objects by press fit or detaching same B25B0027040000 inserting or withdrawing keys B25B0027060000 inserting or withdrawing sleeves or ball races B25B0027080000 inserting or withdrawing cotter pins B25B0027100000 inserting fittings into hoses B25B0027120000 mounting or demounting piston rings B25B0027140000 for assembling objects other than by press fit or detaching same B25B0027160000 abutted flanges B25B0027180000 withdrawing broken threaded parts, e.g. twist drills B25B0027200000 inserting or withdrawing split pins or circlips B25B0027220000 positioning sprocket chains, endless tracks, antiskid chain (tools or implements for repairing chains using metal-working operations B21L0021000000);; B25B0027240000 mounting or demounting valves B25B0027260000 compressing the springs B25B0029000000 Accessories (specially for spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers B25B0023000000;tool boxes, tool positioning stands B25H) B25B0029020000 Bolt tensioners B25C NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS (nailing apparatus for shoemaking A43D);; B25C0001000000 Hand-held nailing tools (hammers per B25D;nailing machines B27F0007020000); Nail feeding devices B25C0001020000 involving an impact rod or shank driven by muscle power B25C0001040000 operated by air pressure B25C0001060000 operated by electric power B25C0001080000 operated by combustion pressure B25C0001100000 generated by detonation of a cartridge B25C0001120000 acting directly on the bolt B25C0001140000 acting on an intermediate plunger or anvil (pistols for slaughtering or stunning animals A22B0003020000);; B25C0001160000 Cartridges specially adapted for impact tools; Cartridge-and-bolt units (bolts per F16B0019140000);; B25C0001180000 Details and accessories, e.g. splinter guards, spall minimisers B25C0003000000 Portable devices for holding and guiding nails; Nail dispensers B25C0005000000 Manually operated portable stapling tools; (non portable or power operated B27F0007000000);;Staple feeding devices therefor (staples F16B0015000000);; B25C0005020000 with provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work B25C0005040000 with means for forming the staples in the tool B25C0005060000 without provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work B25C0005080000 with means for forming the staples in the tool B25C0005100000 Driving means B25C0005120000 foot operated B25C0005160000 Staple-feeding devices B25C0007000000 Accessories for nailing or stapling tools, e.g. supports (for tools operated by detonation of a cartridge B25C0001180000);; B25C0009000000 Nail punches B25C0011000000 Nail, spike, and staple extractors (incorporated in hammers B25D0001000000);; B25C0011020000 Pincers (joints therefor B25B0007060000);; B25C0013000000 Nail straightening devices B25D PERCUSSIVE TOOLS (portable drilling machines with reciprocating tool which is turned intermittently when out of contact with the working face E21C0003000000);; B25D0001000000 Hand hammers; Hammer heads of special shape or material B25D0001020000 Inserts or attachments forming the striking part of hammer heads B25D0001040000 with provision for withdrawing or holding nails or spikes B25D0003000000 Hand chisels (mortise chisels B27G0017080000);; B25D0005000000 Centre punches B25D0005020000 Automatic centre punches B25D0007000000 Picks (combined with other tools B25F);; B25D0009000000 Portable percussive tools with fluid-pressure drive, e.g. having several percussive tool bits operated simultaneously (centrifugal or rotary impact type B25D0015000000);; B25D0009020000 of the tool-carrier piston type, i.e. in which the tool is connected to an impulse member B25D0009040000 of the hammer piston type, i.e. in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member B25D0009060000 Means for driving the impulse member B25D0009080000 comprising a built-in air compressor B25D0009100000 comprising a built-in internal-combustion engine B25D0009110000 operated by combustion pressure generated by detonation of a cartridge B25D0009120000 comprising a built-in liquid motor B25D0009140000 Control devices for the reciprocating piston B25D0009160000 Valve arrangements therefor B25D0009180000 involving a piston-type slide valve B25D0009200000 involving a tubular-type slide valve B25D0009220000 involving a rotary-type slide valve B25D0009240000 involving a rocking-plate type valve B25D0009260000 Control devices for adjusting the stroke of the piston or the force or frequency of impact thereof B25D0011000000 Portable percussive tools with electromotor drive (centrifugal or rotary impact type B25D0015000000);; B25D0011020000 in which the tool is connected to an impulse member B25D0011040000 in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by an impulse member B25D0011060000 Means for driving the impulse member B25D0011080000 comprising a worm mechanism B25D0011100000 comprising a cam mechanism B25D0011120000 comprising a crank mechanism B25D0013000000 Portable percussive tools with electromagnetic drive (B25D0015000000 takes precedence);; B25D0015000000 Portable percussive tools using centrifugal or rotary impact elements B25D0015020000 in which the tool bit or anvil is hit by a rotary impulse member B25D0017000000 Details of and accessories for portable power-driven percussive tools B25D0017020000 Percussive tool bits (bits in general E21C0013000000);; B25D0017040000 Handles; Handle mountings B25D0017060000 Hammer pistons; Anvils B25D0017080000 Means for retaining and guiding the tool bit, e.g. chucks B25D0017100000 Safety devices (in general F16P);; B25D0017120000 Arrangements of silencers (silencers in general G10K);; B25D0017140000 Removing or laying dust B25D0017160000 by liquid B25D0017180000 by exhausting dust-loaded air B25D0017200000 Devices for cleaning or cooling tool or work B25D0017220000 using pressure fluid B25D0017240000 Damping the reaction force B25D0017260000 Lubricating (in general F16N);; B25D0017280000 Supports; Devices for holding power-driven percussive tools in working position B25D0017300000 Pillars and struts B25D0017320000 Trolleys B25F COMBINATION OR MULTI-PURPOSE TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR B25F0001000000 Combination or multi-purpose hand tools (associations of tools for different working operations with one portable power-drive means B25F0003000000);; B25F0001020000 with interchangeable or adjustable tool elements B25F0001040000 wherein the elements are brought into working position by a pivoting or sliding movement B25F0003000000 Associations of tools for different working operations with one portable power-drive means; Adapters therefor B25G HANDLES FOR HAND IMPLEMENTS (attaching the blades or the like to handles of hand tools for soil working A01B0001220000;handles of hand implements for harvesting A01D0001140000; handles integral with brushware A46B) B25G0001000000 Handle constructions B25G0001020000 flexible B25G0001040000 telescopic; extensible; sectional B25G0001060000 reversible or adjustable for position B25G0001080000 with provision for storing tool elements B25G0001100000 characterised by material or shape B25G0003000000 Attaching handles to the implements B25G0003020000 Socket, tang, or like fixings (B25G0003340000 takes precedence);; B25G0003040000 with detachable or separate socket pieces (B25G0003120000 takes precedence);; B25G0003060000 with multiple socket, e.g. T-socket (B25G0003120000 takes precedence);; B25G0003080000 with dovetail or other groove (B25G0003120000 takes precedence);; B25G0003100000 with elastic, taper, or other self-grip socket or tang (B25G0003120000 takes precedence);; B25G0003120000 Locking and securing devices B25G0003140000 comprising barbs or teeth B25G0003160000 comprising bayonet joints B25G0003180000 comprising catches or pawls B25G0003200000 comprising clamping or contracting means acting concentrically of the handle or socket B25G0003220000 Chucks B25G0003240000 comprising clamping or contracting means acting transversely of the handle or socket B25G0003260000 comprising nails, screws, bolts, or pins traversing or entering the socket B25G0003280000 comprising wedges, keys, or like expanding means B25G0003300000 comprising screwed sockets or tangs B25G0003320000 in association with, or including, tang, bolt, or other member passing axially through whole length of handle B25G0003340000 by pressing the handle on the implements; using cement or molten metal, e.g. casting, moulding; by welding or the like B25G0003360000 Lap joints; Riveted, screwed, or like joints (socket, tang, or like fixings B25G0003020000);; B25G0003380000 Hinged, pivoted, swivelling, or folding joints B25H WORKSHOP EQUIPMENT, e.g. FOR MARKING-OUT WORK; STORAGE MEANS FOR WORKSHOPS (storing or packaging B65);; B25H0001000000 Work benches; Portable stands or supports for positioning portable tools or work to be operated on thereby B25H0001020000 of table type B25H0001040000 portable B25H0001060000 of trestle type B25H0001080000 with provision for attachment of work holders B25H0001100000 with provision for adjusting holders for tool or work B25H0001120000 with storage compartments B25H0001140000 with provision for adjusting the bench top B25H0001160000 in height B25H0001180000 in inclination B25H0001200000 with provision for shielding the work area B25H0003000000 Storage means for workshops, facilitating access to work or tools or use of tools (nail dispensers B25C0003000000;containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents B65D0083000000) B25H0003020000 Boxes B25H0003040000 Racks B25H0003060000 Trays B25H0005000000 Tool or work supports or storage means used in association with vehicles e.g. mechanics creepers (vehicles and vehicle aspects, see the appropriate sub-classes therefor); B25H0007000000 Marking-out or setting-out work (measuring, gauging G01;optical apparatus G02B; by photographic means G03C) B25H0007020000 Plates having a flat surface B25H0007040000 Devices, e.g. scribers, for marking (centre punches B25D0005000000);; B25J MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES (manipulators associated with rolling mills B21B0039200000;manipulators associated with forging machines B21J0013100000; cranes B66C; manipulators specially adapted for and associated with nuclear reactors G21C) B25J0001000000 Manipulators positioned in space by hand (of master-slave type B25J0003000000;micromanipulators B25J0007000000) B25J0001020000 articulated or flexible B25J0001040000 rigid, e.g. shelf-reachers B25J0001060000 of the lazy-tong type B25J0001080000 movably mounted in a wall B25J0001100000 Sleeve and pivot mountings therefor B25J0001120000 having means for attachment to a support stand B25J0003000000 Manipulators of master-slave type, i.e. both controlling unit and controlled unit perform corresponding spatial movements B25J0003020000 involving a parallelogram coupling of the master and slave units (pantographic instruments B43L0013000000);; B25J0003040000 involving servo mechanisms (servo-actuated heads per B25J0015020000);; B25J0005000000 Manipulators mounted on wheels or on carriages (B25J0001000000 takes precedence;programme-controlled manipulators B25J0009000000) B25J0005020000 travelling along a guideway B25J0005040000 wherein the guideway is also moved, e.g. travelling crane bridge type B25J0005060000 Manipulators combined with a control cab for the operator B25J0007000000 Micromanipulators B25J0009000000 Programme-controlled manipulators B25J0011000000 Manipulators not otherwise provided for B25J0013000000 Controls for manipulators B25J0013020000 Hand grip control means B25J0013040000 Foot-operated control means B25J0013060000 Control stands, e.g. consoles, switch-boards B25J0015000000 Gripping heads B25J0015020000 servo-actuated B25J0015040000 with provision for the remote detachment or exchange of the head or parts thereof B25J0015060000 with vacuum or magnetic holding means B25J0017000000 Joints B25J0017020000 Wrist joints B25J0019000000 Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators (safety-devices in general F16P;protection against radiation in general G21F) B25J0021000000 Chambers provided with manipulation devices (constructional features of the mounting of the manipulator in the wall B25J0001080000);; B25J0021020000 Glove-boxes, i.e. chambers in which manipulations are performed by the human hands in gloves built into the chamber walls; Gloves therefor B26 HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING MACHINES AND DEVICES NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PARTICULAR MATERIALS OR PURPOSES B26B HAND-HELD OR OTHER PORTABLE CUTTING TOOLS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (for harvesting A01D;for culture of vegetables, flowers, or fruits, for forestry A01G; for butchering or meat treatment A22; for manufacturing or repairing footwear A43D; toilet requisites A45D; kitchen or other domestic appliances A47J; for surgical purposes A61B; for severing metal B23D; plierlike tools B25B0007000000; pincers B25C0011020000; guillotine-type cutters B26D; for erasing B43L0019000000) B26B0001000000 Hand knives with adjustable blade; Pocket knives (B26B0011000000 takes precedence);; B26B0001020000 with pivoted blade B26B0001040000 lockable in adjusted position B26B0001060000 with loosely-inserted spring B26B0001080000 with sliding blade B26B0001100000 Handle coverings B26B0001120000 formed with scales B26B0003000000 Hand knives with fixed blades (handles, attaching the handles B25G);; B26B0003020000 Table-knives (B26B0009020000 takes precedence);; B26B0003030000 specially adapted for cutting-off slices one by one B26B0003040000 for performing several incisions simultaneously; Multiple-blade knives B26B0003060000 Scout or similar sheath knives (sheaths therefor B26B0029020000);; B26B0003080000 specially adapted for cutting cardboard, or wall, floor, or like covering materials B26B0005000000 Hand knives with one or more detachable blades B26B0007000000 Hand knives with reciprocating motor-driven blades B26B0009000000 Blades for hand knives B26B0009020000 characterised by the shape of the cutting edge, e.g. wavy B26B0011000000 Hand knives combined with other implements, e.g. with corkscrew, with scissors, with writing implement (combined table-ware A47G0021060000);; B26B0013000000 Hand shears; Scissors B26B0013020000 with moulded-in blades B26B0013040000 with detachable blades B26B0013060000 characterised by the shape of the blades B26B0013080000 with cutting edges wavy or toothed in the plane of the blade B26B0013100000 for producing wavy, zig-zag, or like cuts B26B0013120000 characterised by the shape of the handles B26B0013140000 without gripping bows in the handle B26B0013160000 spring loaded, e.g. with provision for locking the blades or the handles B26B0013180000 without joint, i.e. having blades interconnected by a resilient member B26B0013200000 with gripping bows in the handle B26B0013220000 combined with auxiliary implements, e.g. with cigar cutter, with manicure instrument (cigar cutters A24F0013240000);; B26B0013240000 to aid hair cutting B26B0013260000 with intermediate links between the grips and the blades, e.g. for remote actuation B26B0013280000 Joints (B25B0007060000 takes precedence);; B26B0015000000 Hand-held shears with motor-driven blades B26B0017000000 Hand cutting tools with two jaws which come into abutting contact (joints therefor B25B0007060000);; B26B0017020000 with jaws operated indirectly by the handles, e.g. through cams or toggle levers B26B0017040000 Nippers B26B0019000000 Clippers or shavers operating with a plurality of cutting edges, e.g. hair clippers, dry shavers B26B0019020000 of the reciprocating-cutter type B26B0019040000 Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor; Securing equipment thereof B26B0019060000 involving co-operating cutting elements both of which have shearing teeth B26B0019080000 of nipper type B26B0019100000 involving two or more different types of reciprocating cutting elements, e.g. a pair of toothed shearing elements combined with a pair of perforated cutting elements or a combined toothed and perforated cutting assembly B26B0019120000 of the oscillating-cutter type; Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor (B26B0019040000 takes precedence);; B26B0019140000 of the rotary-cutter type; Cutting heads therefor; Cutters therefor (B26B0019040000 takes precedence);; B26B0019160000 involving a knife cylinder or a knife cone or separate cutting elements moved like a rotating cylinder or a rotating cone B26B0019180000 in combination with a fixed razor-blade without shearing perforations B26B0019200000 with provision for shearing hair of preselected or variable length B26B0019220000 with provision for thinning-out hair B26B0019240000 specially adapted for shearing animals, e.g. sheep B26B0019260000 of the type performing different methods of operation simultaneously, e.g. reciprocating and oscillating; of the type having two or more heads of differing mode of operation B26B0019280000 Drive layout for hair clippers or dry shavers, e.g. providing for electromotive drive (electric motors per H02);; B26B0019300000 providing for muscle drive, e.g. by rolling over the skin B26B0019320000 providing for mechanical drive, e.g. installation of a spring motor B26B0019340000 providing for fluid drive B26B0019360000 providing for remote drive by means of a flexible shaft; Transmission means therefor B26B0019380000 Details of, and accessories for, hair clippers, or dry shavers, e.g. housings, casings, grips, guards (cutters, cutting heads B26B0019040000, B26B0019120000, B26B0019140000;cleaning or disinfecting devices A45D0027460000; drying devices A45D0027480000; casings for electric apparatus in general H05K) B26B0019400000 Lubricating B26B0019420000 providing for straightening the hair to be cut, e.g. by means of bristles; providing for tensioning the skin, e.g. by means of rollers, ledges (skin-stretchers for shaving per A45D0027380000);; B26B0019440000 Suction means for collecting severed hairs or for the skin to be shaved B26B0019460000 providing for illuminating the area to be shaved or clipped B26B0019480000 Accessory implements for carrying out a function other than cutting hair, e.g. attachable appliances for manicuring (toilet requisites per A45D;massage means per A61H0007000000-A61H0023000000; . «A61H29/00»); B26B0021000000 Razors of the open or knife type; Safety razors and other shaving implements of the planing type; Hair-trimming devices involving a razor-blade; Equipment therefor B26B0021020000 involving unchangeable blades B26B0021040000 Razors of the knife type B26B0021060000 Safety razors with fixed blade, e.g. with moulded-in blade B26B0021080000 involving changeable blades B26B0021100000 Safety razors with one or more blades arranged longitudinally to the handle B26B0021120000 combined with combs or other means for hair trimming B26B0021140000 Safety razors with one or more blades arranged transversely to the handle B26B0021160000 involving blades with only one cutting edge (B26B0021220000-B26B0021380000; take precedence);; B26B0021180000 involving blades with two cutting edges (B26B0021220000-B26B0021380000; take precedence);; B26B0021200000 involving blades with more than two cutting edges; involving disc blades (B26B0021220000-B26B0021380000; take precedence);; B26B0021220000 involving several blades to be used simultaneously B26B0021240000 of the magazine type; of the injector type (containers for storing razor-blades A45D0027240000);; B26B0021260000 of the continuous ribbon type B26B0021280000 of the drawing cut type, i.e. with the cutting edge of the blade arranged obliquely to the handle B26B0021300000 of the type carrying pivotally-mounted caps B26B0021320000 in razors involving double-edged blades B26B0021340000 of the type carrying rollers B26B0021360000 with provision for reciprocating the blade (reciprocating the cutting elements of clippers and dry shavers B26B0019000000);; B26B0021380000 with provision for reciprocating the blade by means other than rollers (reciprocating the cutting elements of clippers and dry shavers B26B0019000000);; B26B0021400000 Details and accessories B26B0021420000 for cutting hair of preselected or variable length B26B0021440000 Means integral with, or attached to, the razor for storing shaving-cream, styptic, or the like B26B0021460000 for illuminating the skin (B26B0019460000 takes precedence);; B26B0021480000 Heating means B26B0021500000 Means integral with, or attached to, the razor for stropping the blade B26B0021520000 Handles, e.g. tiltable, flexible (handles and attaching handles in general B25G);; B26B0021540000 Razor-blades B26B0023000000 Axes; Hatchets (attaching of the handles B25G);; B26B0025000000 Hand cutting tools involving disc blades, e.g. motor-driven B26B0027000000 Hand cutting tools not provided for in the preceding groups, e.g. finger rings for cutting string, devices for cutting by means of wires B26B0029000000 Guards or sheaths for hand cutting tools (guards for hair clippers or dry shavers B26B0019380000);; B26B0029020000 for knives B26B0029040000 for scissors, e.g. combined with manicuring appliances (manicuring implements per A45D0029000000);; B26D CUTTING MACHINES; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR SEVERING, e.g. BY CUTTING, PERFORATING, PUNCHING, STAMPING-OUT (hand-held cutting tools B26B;perforating, cutting-out, stamping-out and punching, or severing by means other than cutting B26F; disintegrating, mincing or shredding in general B02C; cutting wire, making pins or nails B21F, B21G; of the kind used for metal B23; for wood B27; for stone B28D; for plastics, rubber B29C, B29D, B29H; making boxes, cartons, envelopes or bags B31B; drawing or cutting paper from rolls B65H; for leather or upholstery B68, C14B; soil-working A01B; for growing crops and plants A01D, A01G; for fodder or straw A01F; for bulk butter A01J; for dough A21C; slaughtering A22B; for meat, poultry, and fish A22C; for vegetables in bulk A23N; for tobacco, cigars and cigarettes A24; cutting-out buttonholes A41H0025000000; shoemaking A43D; brushmaking A46D; surgery A61B; for glass C03B; making matches C06F; for peat C10F; for sugar C13H; for yarns or woven fabrics D06H; civil engineering, building, mining, Section Eprocessing photographic material G03D) B26D0001000000 Cutting through work characterised by the nature of the cutting member; Apparatus therefor; Cutting members therefor (saws B23D, B27B);; B26D0001020000 involving a stationary cutting member B26D0001040000 involving a linearly-movable cutting member B26D0001060000 wherein the cutting member reciprocates (cup knives B26D0001440000);; B26D0001080000 of the guillotine type B26D0001100000 moving in, or substantially in, a direction parallel to the cutting edge B26D0001120000 involving a cutting member which moves about an axis (cup knives B26D0001440000);; B26D0001140000 wherein the cutting member is a disc cutter B26D0001160000 on a pivoted arm B26D0001180000 on a movable carriage (B26D0001200000-B26D0001240000; take precedence);; B26D0001200000 coacting with a fixed member B26D0001220000 coacting with a movable member, e.g. a roller B26D0001240000 coacting with another disc cutter B26D0001260000 wherein a cutting blade moves about an axis perpendicular, or substantially perpendicular, to the line of cut B26D0001280000 and rotates continuously in one direction during cutting B26D0001300000 with limited pivotal movement to effect cut B26D0001320000 and is carried by a rotary drum B26D0001340000 wherein a cutting blade moves about an axis parallel to the line of cut B26D0001360000 and rotates continuously in one direction during cutting, e.g. mounted on a rotary cylinder B26D0001380000 coacting with a fixed blade or other fixed member B26D0001400000 coacting with a rotary member B26D0001420000 and is slidably mounted in a rotary member B26D0001440000 involving a cup or like knife B26D0001460000 involving an endless band B26D0001480000 with tensioning means B26D0001500000 with a plurality of band-knives B26D0001520000 having adjustable spacing between knives B26D0001540000 Guides for band-knives B26D0001560000 involving a cutting member which travels with the work, i.e. flying shear B26D0003000000 Cutting work characterised by the nature of the cut made; Apparatus therefor (slicing B26D0004000000);; B26D0003020000 Bevelling B26D0003060000 Grooving involving removal of material from the surface of the work B26D0003080000 Making a superficial cut in the surface of the work without removal of material, e.g. scoring, incising B26D0003100000 Making cuts of other than simple rectilinear form (cutting-out B26F);; B26D0003120000 Slitting marginal portions of the work, i.e. forming cuts, without removal of material, at an angle, e.g. a right angle, to the edge of the work B26D0003140000 Forming notches in marginal portion of work by cutting (by punching B26F0001120000);; B26D0003160000 Cutting rods or tubes transversely B26D0003180000 for cutting to obtain cubes or the like B26D0003200000 using reciprocating knives B26D0003220000 using rotating knives B26D0003240000 for cutting to obtain segments other than slices, e.g. cutting pies B26D0003260000 specially adapted for cutting fruit or vegetables, e.g. for onions B26D0003280000 Splitting layers from work; Mutually separating layers by cutting (splitting or cutting used tyres B29H0019020000);; B26D0004000000 Slicing B26D0004020000 Apparatus or machines for cutting-off two or more slices simultaneously, e.g. for slicing a loaf or bread B26D0004040000 using circular knives B26D0004060000 specially adapted for particular products B26D0004080000 for eggs or tomatoes B26D0004100000 Details B26D0004120000 Knives B26D0004140000 Feed or discharge devices B26D0004160000 Drives B26D0004180000 Manual drives B26D0004200000 Safety devices B26D0004220000 Apparatus or machines for cutting slices successively, e.g. meat or vegetable slicers B26D0004240000 with circular knives B26D0004260000 horizontal knives with stationary axes B26D0004280000 vertical knives with stationary axes B26D0004300000 Driving mechanism; Carriage clutches B26D0004320000 Construction of carriages or supporting plates B26D0004340000 Feed mechanism B26D0004360000 inclined knives with stationary axes B26D0004380000 with movable, e.g. swingable, axes B26D0004400000 vertically-disposed knives B26D0004420000 with non-circular knives B26D0004440000 Details B26D0004460000 Conveying or slice-stacking distribution mechanisms B26D0004480000 Knives; Knife supports B26D0004500000 Holders for the material being cut B26D0004520000 End-piece holders B26D0004540000 provided with knife-sharpening apparatus B26D0004560000 provided with weighing apparatus B26D0004580000 with knives mounted in the plane of a rotating disc, e.g. for slicing beans B26D0004600000 Construction or mounting of the knives B26D0004620000 Mounting of the disc B26D0004640000 with knives mounted on the surface of an elongated body rotating along its axis B26D0004660000 the body having a cylindrical surface B26D0004680000 the body having a curved shape or being a cone B26D0004700000 Details B26D0004720000 Knives; Mountings thereof B26D0004740000 Mounting of the body carrying the knives B26D0004760000 Halving devices, e.g. for halving buns B26D0004780000 for slicing combined with other operations, e.g. for applying a coating, such as butter, to the slices B26D0004800000 Apparatus or machines for cutting slices of spiral or screw form B26D0005000000 Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting B26D0005020000 Means for moving the cutting member into its operative position for cutting B26D0005040000 by fluid pressure B26D0005060000 by electrical means B26D0005080000 Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut B26D0005100000 Hand or foot actuated means B26D0005120000 Fluid-pressure means B26D0005140000 Crank and pin means B26D0005160000 Cam means B26D0005180000 Toggle-link means (B26D0005100000-B26D0005160000; take precedence);; B26D0005200000 with interrelated action between the cutting member and work feed B26D0005220000 having the cutting member and work feed mechanically connected B26D0005240000 including a metering device B26D0005260000 wherein control means on the work feed means renders the cutting member operative B26D0005280000 the control means being responsive to presence or absence of work B26D0005300000 having the cutting member controlled by scanning a record carrier B26D0005320000 with the record carrier formed by the work itself B26D0005340000 scanning being effected by a photosensitive device B26D0005360000 scanning being effected by magnetic means B26D0005380000 with means operable by the moving work to initiate the cutting action B26D0005400000 including a metering device B26D0005420000 with interrelated action between work feed and clamp (work clamping arrangements B26D0007020000);; B26D0007000000 Details of apparatus for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting (cutters B26D0001000000;punching tools and dies, cutting-out knives and dies B26F) B26D0007020000 Work clamping arrangements B26D0007040000 providing adjustable clamping pressure B26D0007060000 Arrangements for feeding or delivering work of other than sheet, web, or filamentary form (feeding or discharging sheets, webs, or filaments B65H);; B26D0007080000 Means for treating work or cutting member to facilitate cutting (tensioning band cutters B26D0001480000);; B26D0007100000 by heating (severing by heating B26F);; B26D0007120000 by sharpening the cutting member B26D0007140000 by tensioning the work B26D0007160000 Means for positioning work other than by clamping, e.g. work stops B26D0007180000 Means for removing cut-out material or waste B26D0007200000 Cutting beds B26D0007220000 Safety devices specially adapted for cutting machines (safety devices in general F16P);; B26D0007240000 arranged to disable the operating means for the cutting member B26D0007260000 Means for mounting or adjusting the cutting member; Means for adjusting the stroke of the cutting member B26D0007280000 Means for counting the number of cuts or measuring cut lengths (B26D0005240000, B26D0005400000 take precedence);; B26D0009000000 Cutting apparatus combined with punching or perforating apparatus or with dissimilar cutting apparatus B26D0011000000 Combinations of several similar cutting apparatuses B26F PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING (details common to machines for severing B26D;drilling metal B23B, wood B27C, stone B28D, punching metal B21D; plastics, rubber B29C, B29D, B29H; making boxes, cartons, envelopes, or bags B31B; tailoring A41H; shoemaking A43D; surgery A61B; of glass C03B; of leather C14B; of tickets G07B) B26F0001000000 Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor (perforating by using pulverulent abrading substances subjected to a bouncing action of ultrasonic frequency B24B0001040000;perforating by sand-blasting B24C; punching cards and tapes for statistical and record purposes G06K0001000000) B26F0001020000 Perforating by punching, e.g. with relatively-reciprocating punch and bed B26F0001040000 with selectively-operable punches B26F0001060000 with punching tools moving with the work B26F0001080000 wherein the tools are carried by, and in operation move relative to, a rotative drum or similar support B26F0001100000 Roller type punches B26F0001120000 to notch margins of work B26F0001140000 Punching tools; Punching dies B26F0001160000 Perforating by tool or tools of the drill type B26F0001180000 Perforating by slitting, i.e. forming cuts closed at their ends without removal of material B26F0001200000 with tools carried by a rotating drum or similar support (B26F0001220000 takes precedence);; B26F0001220000 to form non-rectilinear cuts, e.g. for tabs B26F0001240000 Perforating by needles or pins B26F0001260000 Perforating by non-mechanical means, e.g. by fluid jet B26F0001280000 by electrical discharges B26F0001300000 by radiation e.g. by laser beam B26F0001320000 Hand-held perforating or punching apparatus, e.g. awls B26F0001340000 power actuated B26F0001360000 Punching or perforating pliers B26F0001380000 Cutting-out; Stamping-out B26F0001400000 using a press, e.g. of the ram type (presses in general B30B);; B26F0001420000 having a pressure roller B26F0001440000 Cutters therefor; Dies therefor B26F0001460000 Loose press knives B26F0003000000 Severing by means other than cutting; Apparatus therefor (severing by grinding B24B0001020000);; B26F0003020000 Tearing B26F0003040000 Severing by squeezing (B26F0003080000 takes precedence);; B26F0003060000 Severing by using heat B26F0003080000 with heated members B26F0003100000 with heated rollers or discs B26F0003120000 with heated wires B26F0003140000 by radiation e.g. by laser beam B27 WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL B27B SAWS (specially adapted for pruning or branching A01G0003080000;features not restricted to a particular type of wood saw B23D, e.g. attaching saw blades B23D0051000000) B27B0001000000 Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing (features of machines used, see the relevant groups for the machines);; B27B0003000000 Gang saw mills; Other sawing machines with reciprocating saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks B27B0003020000 with vertically-reciprocating saw frame B27B0003040000 with multiple-blade saw frame B27B0003060000 with side blade saw frame B27B0003080000 combined with a multiple-blade saw frame B27B0003100000 Saw frames and guides therefor B27B0003120000 Mechanisms for producing the reciprocating movement of the saw frame; Arrangements for damping vibration; Arrangements for counter-balancing (B27B0003260000 takes precedence);; B27B0003140000 Arrangements for raising or lowering the feed rollers B27B0003160000 Driving mechanisms for the feed rollers B27B0003180000 Controlling equipment, e.g. for controlling the drive B27B0003200000 Equipment for guiding the sawn part of timber during machining, e.g. preventing faults due to torsional stress B27B0003220000 with horizontally-reciprocating saw frame B27B0003240000 Arrangements for raising and lowering the saw frame B27B0003260000 Mechanisms for producing the reciprocating movement of the saw frame; Arrangements for damping vibrations; Arrangements for counter-balancing B27B0003280000 Components B27B0003300000 Blade attachments, e.g. saw buckles; Stretching devices B27B0003320000 the stretching devices being equipped with screw-threaded or wedging means B27B0003340000 the stretching devices being actuated by fluid pressure B27B0003360000 Devices for adjusting the mutual distance of the saw blades B27B0003380000 Spacing bars; Spacing plates B27B0003400000 Devices for adjusting the overhang of the saw B27B0005000000 Sawing machines working with circular saw blades (for length sawing of trunks B27B0007000000);;Components or equipment therefor B27B0005020000 characterised by a special purpose only B27B0005040000 for edge trimming B27B0005060000 for dividing plates in parts of determined size, e.g. panels B27B0005080000 for sawing with the saw blade abutting parallel against a surface to be smoothed B27B0005100000 Wheeled circular saws; Circular saws designed to be attached to tractors or other vehicles and driven by same B27B0005120000 Cylinder saws B27B0005140000 Rim-driven circular saws B27B0005160000 Saw benches (B27B0015060000 takes precedence);; B27B0005180000 with feedable circular saw blade, e.g. arranged on a carriage B27B0005200000 the saw blade being adjustable according to depth or angle of cut; Radial saws, i.e. sawing machines with a pivoted radial arm for guiding the movable carriage B27B0005220000 with non-feedable circular saw blade B27B0005240000 the saw blade being adjustable according to depth or angle of cut B27B0005260000 the table being adjustable according to depth or angle of cut B27B0005280000 Components; Equipment, e.g. specially designed for controlling B27B0005300000 for mounting or securing saw blades or saw spindles B27B0005320000 Devices for securing circular saw blades to the saw spindle B27B0005340000 Devices for securing a plurality of circular saw blades on a single saw spindle; Equipment for adjusting the mutual distance B27B0005360000 Mounting for swivelling or tilting the circular saw blade B27B0005380000 Devices for braking the circular saw blade or the saw spindle; Devices for damping vibrations of the circular saw blade, e.g. silencing B27B0007000000 Sawing machines working with circular saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks B27B0007020000 by making use of circular saws mounted substantially at right angles, e.g. vertically and horizontally B27B0007040000 by making use of a plurality of circular saws mounted on a single spindle; Arrangements for adjusting the mutual distances B27B0009000000 Portable power-driven circular saws for manual operation B27B0009020000 Arrangements for adjusting the cutting depth or the amount of tilting B27B0009040000 Guiding equipment, e.g. for cutting panels B27B0011000000 Cross-cut reciprocating saws with power drive; Appurtenances therefor B27B0011020000 Arrangements for guiding the saw blade B27B0011040000 Supports able to be attached to the work B27B0011060000 Arrangements for chucking the saw blade, with or without releasable transmission mechanisms for uncoupling the drive B27B0011080000 Frames, pillars, or beds B27B0011100000 Devices for clamping the work or holding same in position B27B0011120000 Saw assemblies designed to be mounted on or driven by tractors B27B0013000000 Band or strap sawing machines (for length cutting of trunks B27B0015000000);;Components or equipment therefor B27B0013020000 Frames, Pillars B27B0013040000 Work-tables; Arrangements for tilting the band saw blade B27B0013060000 Saw pulleys; Bearings therefor B27B0013080000 Arrangements for stretching the band saw blade B27B0013100000 Guiding equipment for the band saw blade, e.g. guide rollers, back guides, side guides B27B0013120000 Lubricating devices specially designed for band saw blades B27B0013140000 Braking devices specially designed for band sawing machines, e.g. acting after damage of the band saw blade B27B0013160000 Accessories, e.g. for cooling the saw blade B27B0015000000 Band or strap sawing machines specially designed for length cutting of trunks B27B0015020000 with horizontally-guided saw blade, i.e. horizontal log band saw B27B0015040000 with vertically-guided saw blade B27B0015060000 in combined arrangement with circular saws for performing simultaneously several sawing procedures B27B0015080000 with a plurality of band saw blades B27B0017000000 Chain saws; Equipment therefor B27B0017020000 Chain saws equipped with guide bar (B27B0017060000 takes precedence);; B27B0017040000 Roller bearing guides B27B0017060000 Chain saws mounted on a bow B27B0017080000 Drives or gearings; Devices for swivelling or tilting the chain saw B27B0017100000 Transmission clutches specially designed for chain saws B27B0017120000 Lubricating devices specially designed for chain saws B27B0017140000 Arrangements for stretching the chain saw B27B0019000000 Other reciprocating saws with power drive; Fret-saws B27B0019020000 Sweep cutting saws, i.e. with a power-driven blade slow blade bilaterally chucked (B27B0019100000 takes precedence);;Jig saws, i.e. with a power-driven saw blade unilaterally chucked B27B0019040000 characterised by power drive, e.g. by electromagnetic drive B27B0019060000 Stationary machines B27B0019080000 Portable jig saws B27B0019100000 Fret-saws, i.e. with bilaterally-chucked saw blade in a manually-guided bow B27B0019120000 with power drive B27B0019140000 with hand drive B27B0021000000 Hand saws without power drive (B27B0019140000 takes precedence);;Equipment for hand sawing, e.g. saw horses B27B0021020000 Buck or hack saws B27B0021040000 Cross-cut saws; Pad saws B27B0021060000 Arrangements for stretching the saw blade B27B0021080000 Arrangements of gauging or adjusting equipment on hand saws, e.g. for limiting the cutting depth B27B0023000000 Other cutting of wood by non-rotary toothed tools; Tools therefor (cutting with hot wire B27M0001060000);; B27B0025000000 Feeding devices for timber in saw mills or sawing machines (B27B0029000000 takes precedence);; B27B0025020000 with feed and pressure rollers B27B0025040000 with feed chains or belts B27B0025060000 Resilient feeding or pressing accessories, e.g. pads, springs B27B0025080000 Feeding devices able to be attached to any sawing machine B27B0025100000 Manually-operated feeding or pressing accessories, e.g. pushers B27B0027000000 Guide fences or stops for timber in saw mills or sawing machines; Measuring equipment thereon (safety guards or devices specially designed for wood saws B27G0019000000;constructional features of measuring devices G01B) B27B0027020000 arranged laterally and parallel with respect to the plane of the saw blade B27B0027040000 arranged perpendicularly to the plane of the saw blade B27B0027060000 arranged angularly with respect to the plane of the saw blade, e.g. for mitring B27B0027080000 arranged adjustably, not limited to only one of the groups ; B27B0027020000-B27B0027060000 B27B0027100000 Devices for moving or adjusting the guide fences or stops B27B0029000000 Gripping, clamping, or holding devices for the trunk or log in saw mills or sawing machines (for other timber, see the relevant groups for the machines;safety guards or devices specially designed for wood saws B27G0019000000); Travelling trunk or log carriages B27B0029020000 Clamping angles; Gripping equipment thereon B27B0029040000 Trunk or log carriages with gripping means which do not pass the saw blade(s), especially for gang saws; Arrangement of gripping accessories thereon B27B0029060000 Auxiliary trunk or log carriages for carrying initially the log to the feed rollers or for carrying the sawn part of the log B27B0029080000 Trunk or log carriages with gripping means designed to pass the saw blade(s), especially for band saws; Arrangement of gripping accessories thereon; Turning devices thereon B27B0029100000 Assemblies for laterally adjusting or controlling the clamping or turning devices with respect to the thickness of the board to be sawn B27B0031000000 Arrangements for conveying, loading, turning, adjusting, or discharging the log or timber, specially designed for saw mills or sawing machines (B27B0029000000 takes precedence);; B27B0031020000 Loading equipment for travelling carriages B27B0031040000 Turning equipment B27B0031060000 Adjusting equipment, e.g. using optical projection B27B0031080000 Discharging equipment B27B0033000000 Sawing tools for saw mills, sawing machines, or sawing devices B27B0033020000 Structural design of saw blades or saw teeth B27B0033040000 Gang saw blades B27B0033060000 Band saw blades B27B0033080000 Circular saw blades B27B0033100000 Hand saw blades B27B0033120000 Saw blades having inserted or exchangeably arranged bits or toothed segments B27B0033140000 Saw chains B27B0033160000 Saw wires; twisted saw strips B27B0033180000 Saw cylinders having a toothed front rim B27C PLANING, DRILLING, MILLING, TURNING, OR UNIVERSAL MACHINES (machine tools in general B23;working wood using abrasive, e.g. sanding, devices B24; tools for these purposes B27G) B27C0001000000 Machines for producing flat surfaces, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor B27C0001020000 Smoothing, i.e. working one side only B27C0001040000 Thicknessing machines B27C0001060000 Machines for smoothing and subsequent thicknessing B27C0001080000 Machines for working several sides of work simultaneously B27C0001100000 Hand planes equipped with power-driven cutter blocks B27C0001120000 Arrangements for feeding work B27C0001140000 Other details or accessories B27C0003000000 Drilling machines or drilling devices; Equipment therefor (B23B takes precedence);; B27C0003020000 Stationary drilling machines with a single working spindle B27C0003040000 Stationary drilling machines with a plurality of working-spindles B27C0003060000 Drilling machines or devices for making dowel holes B27C0003080000 Operator-supported drilling machines or devices B27C0005000000 Machines designed for producing special profiles or shaped work, e.g. by rotary cutters; Equipment therefor (turning B27C0007000000;features of copying devices B23Q0035000000; slotting, mortising, making tongues or grooves B27F) B27C0005020000 Machines with table B27C0005040000 Guide fences for work B27C0005060000 Arrangements for clamping or feed work B27C0005080000 Rounding machines B27C0005100000 Portable hand-operated wood-milling machines; Routers B27C0007000000 Wood-turning machines; Equipment therefor (B23B, B23G, Q take precedence;features of copying devices B23Q0035000000) B27C0007020000 Lathes for hand turning B27C0007040000 Devices for centring or chucking work B27C0007060000 Arrangements for guiding or supporting the tool, e.g. tool rests B27C0009000000 Multi-purpose machines; Universal machines; Equipment therefor B27C0009020000 with a single working-spindle B27C0009040000 with a plurality of working-spindles B27D WORKING VENEER OR PLYWOOD (applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces in general B05;grinding, sanding, or polishing of wood B24; applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood B27G0011000000; manufacture of veneer B27L0005000000; layered material not composed wholly of wood B32B) B27D0001000000 Joining wood veneer with any material; Forming articles thereby (in conjunction with moulding of wood particles or fibres B29J0005000000);;Preparatory processing of surfaces to be joined, e.g. scoring B27D0001020000 Hot tables for warming veneers B27D0001040000 to produce plywood or articles made therefrom; Plywood sheets B27D0001060000 Manufacture of central layers; Form of central layers B27D0001080000 Manufacture of shaped articles; Presses specially designed therefor B27D0001100000 Butting blanks of veneer; Jointing same along edges; Preparatory processing of edges, e.g. cutting B27D0003000000 Veneer presses; Press plates; Plywood presses (presses in general B30B);; B27D0003020000 with a plurality of press plates, i.e. multi-platen hot presses B27D0003040000 with endless arrangement of moving press plates, belts, or the like B27D0005000000 Other working of veneer or plywood specially adapted to veneer of plywood (working of strips in the same way as cane B27J);; B27F DOVETAILED WORK; TENONS; SLOTTING MACHINES; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES (hand nailing or stapling tools B25C;manufacture of cases, trunks or boxes from wood B27M0003340000; forms of joints F16B) B27F0001000000 Dovetailed work; Tenons; Making tongues or grooves (slotting B27F0005000000);;Groove-and-tongue jointed work (cutting tools for these purposes B27G0013000000);; B27F0001020000 Making tongues or grooves, of indefinite length B27F0001040000 along only one edge of a board B27F0001060000 simultaneously along opposite edges of a board B27F0001080000 Making dovetails, tongues, or tenons, of definite limited length B27F0001100000 Cutting tenons of round or rounded-off profile B27F0001120000 Corner-locking machines, i.e. machines for cutting crenellated joints B27F0001140000 Arrangements of gauging means specially designed for corner-locking machines (measuring instruments G01);; B27F0004000000 Machines for inserting dowels, with or without drilling equipment (manufacture of wooden dowels B27M0003280000;«dowels for use in building constructions E04B0001480000; » dowels in general F16B) B27F0005000000 Slotted or mortised work (hand mortising chisels B27G0017080000);; B27F0005020000 Slotting or mortising machines B27F0005040000 equipped with both chain cutters and chisel cutters B27F0005060000 equipped with chain cutters B27F0005080000 Chain cutters B27F0005100000 equipped with chisel cutters B27F0005120000 for making holes designed for taking up fittings, e.g. in frames of doors, windows, furniture B27F0007000000 Nailed work; Stapled work B27F0007020000 Nailing machines (hand nailing tools B25C);; B27F0007040000 Equipment for bending nails driven through B27F0007060000 Stapling apparatus or machines (man-operated portable stapling devices or tools B25C0005000000);; B27F0007080000 with provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work B27F0007100000 with means for forming the staples in the tool or machine B27F0007120000 with rotary drive B27F0007140000 without provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work B27F0007160000 with means for forming the staples in the tool or machine B27F0007180000 Driving mechanism B27F0007200000 man-operated B27F0007220000 power operated B27F0007240000 Staple feeding devices B27G ACCESSORY MACHINES AND APPARATUS; TOOLS; SAFETY DEVICES, e.g. THOSE FOR SAWS (clamping devices for mitre joints, presses for producing frames, press frames, or cages equipped with clamping devices B25B;woodworkers' benches B25H) B27G0001000000 Machines or devices for removing knots or other irregularities or for filling-up holes B27G0003000000 Arrangements for removing bark-zones, chips, waste, or dust, specially designed for use in connection with wood-working machine or in wood-working plants B27G0005000000 Machines or devices for working mitre joints with even abutting ends (with tenon or like connections B27F);; B27G0005020000 for sawing mitre joints; Mitre boxes (guide fences for timber in sawing machines B27B0027060000);; B27G0005040000 for planing, cutting, shearing, or milling mitre joints B27G0011000000 Applying adhesives or glue to surfaces of wood to be joined (to other surfaces in general B05C;adhesive processes C09J0005000000) B27G0011020000 Glue vessels; Apparatus for warming or heating glue B27G0013000000 Cutter blocks; Other rotary cutting tools (B27G0015000000, B27G0017000000 take precedence);; B27G0013020000 in the shape of long arbors, i.e. cylinder cutting blocks (B27G0013120000 takes precedence);; B27G0013040000 Securing the cutters by mechanical clamping means B27G0013060000 Securing the cutters by fluid-pressure clamping means B27G0013080000 in the shape of disc-like members; Wood-milling cutters (B27G0013120000 takes precedence);; B27G0013100000 Securing the cutters, e.g. by clamping collars B27G0013120000 for profile cutting B27G0013140000 for cutting grooves or tenons B27G0013160000 for rounding rods, e.g. dowels B27G0015000000 Boring or turning tools; Augers B27G0015020000 Drills for undercutting holes B27G0017000000 Manually-operated tools B27G0017020000 Hand planes (equipped with cutter blocks B27C0001100000);; B27G0017040000 Spokeshaves; Scrapers B27G0017060000 Rasps B27G0017080000 Mortise chisels B27G0019000000 Safety guards or devices specially designed for wood saws (in general F16P);;Auxiliary devices facilitating proper operation of wood saws B27G0019020000 for circular saws B27G0019040000 for manually-operated power-driven circular saws B27G0019060000 for band or strap saws B27G0019080000 Accessories for keeping open the saw kerf, e.g. riving knives, wedge plates B27G0019100000 Measures preventing splintering of sawn portions of wood B27G0021000000 Safety guards or devices specially designed for other wood-working machines B27G0023000000 Gauging means specially designed for adjusting of tools or guides, e.g. adjusting cutting blades in cutter blocks (for guides of sawing machines B27B0027000000);; B27H BENDING; COOPERAGE; WHEEL-MAKING B27H0001000000 Bending wood stocks, e.g. boards B27H0003000000 Manufacture of constructional elements of tubs, coops or barrels (assembly, e.g. coopering, B27H0005000000);; B27H0003020000 Manufacture of barrel staves B27H0003040000 Manufacture of barrel heads or casings B27H0005000000 Manufacture of tubs, coops or barrels (from veneer strips or sheets B27D0001000000);; B27H0005020000 Building up with staves B27H0005040000 Forming staves into the final shape and assembling same B27H0005080000 Finishing barrels, e.g. cutting grooves B27H0005100000 Trussing or hooping barrels B27H0005120000 Making bungs from wood; Drilling or reaming bung holes B27H0007000000 Manufacture of wood-rimmed wheels e.g. cart wheels, steering wheels B27J MECHANICAL WORKING OF CANE, CORK, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS B27J0001000000 Mechanical working of cane or the like (weaving D03D);; B27J0001020000 Braiding, e.g. basket-making (braiding in general D04C);; B27J0003000000 Peeling osier rods (removing bark from trunks of trees B27L0001000000);; B27J0005000000 Mechanical working of cork B27J0007000000 Mechanical working of tree or plant materials not otherwise provided for B27K METHODS, APPARATUS AND SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS (applying liquids to surfaces in general B05C;coating wood or similar material B44D) B27K0001000000 Damping wood B27K0001020000 Apparatus B27K0003000000 Impregnating wood (dyeing, staining B27K0005000000);; B27K0003020000 Processes; Apparatus B27K0003040000 Impregnating in open tanks B27K0003060000 Sap stream methods B27K0003080000 Impregnating by pressure B27K0003100000 Apparatus B27K0003120000 Impregnating by coating the surface of the wood with an impregnating paste B27K0003140000 Bandage methods B27K0003160000 Inorganic impregnating agents B27K0003180000 Compounds of alkaline earth metals B27K0003200000 Compounds of alkali metals or ammonium B27K0003220000 Compounds of zinc or copper B27K0003240000 Compounds of mercury B27K0003260000 Compounds of iron, aluminium, or chromium B27K0003280000 Compounds of arsenic or antimony B27K0003300000 Compounds of fluorine B27K0003320000 Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents B27K0003340000 Organic impregnating agents B27K0003360000 Aliphatic compounds B27K0003380000 Aromatic compounds B27K0003400000 halogenated B27K0003420000 nitrated, or nitrated and halogenated B27K0003440000 Tar; Mineral oil B27K0003460000 Coal tar B27K0003480000 Mineral oil B27K0003500000 Mixtures of different organic impregnating agents B27K0003520000 Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds B27K0005000000 Other methods of treating wood B27K0005020000 Staining or dyeing wood; Bleaching wood B27K0005040000 Combined bleaching or impregnating and drying of wood B27K0005060000 Softening or hardening wood B27K0007000000 Chemical or physical treatment of cork B27K0009000000 Chemical or physical treatment of reed, straw, or similar materials B27L REMOVING BARK; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, OR WOOD FIBRES B27L0001000000 Removing bark from trunks of trees (by chemical treatment B27L0003000000);;Trunk-barking machines B27L0001020000 Arrangements for removing bark by rubbing the trunks against each other; Equipment for wet practice B27L0001040000 Arrangements for removing bark by rubbing the trunks against projections of drums B27L0001060000 Manually-operated devices for removing bark; Portable devices for removing bark B27L0003000000 Removing bark by chemical treatment B27L0005000000 Manufacture of veneer B27L0005020000 Cutting strips from a rotating trunk or piece; Veneer lathes B27L0005040000 the trunk being rotated about an axis lying outside it B27L0005060000 Cutting strips from a stationarily-held trunk or piece by a rocking knife carrier, or from rocking trunk or piece by a stationarily-held knife carrier; Veneer-cutting machines B27L0005080000 Severing sheets from a veneer strips; Shearing devices therefor; Making veneer blanks B27L0007000000 Arrangements for splitting trunks or wood stock lengthwise (household implements for splitting wood A47J0049020000);; B27L0009000000 Manufacture of wooden sticks, e.g. toothpicks (of walking sticks, of sticks for umbrellas B27M0003380000;combined with other operations in the manufacture of matches C06F) B27L0011000000 Production of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like (by wet methods D21B0001120000;obtaining fibres for spinning D01B0001000000) B27L0011020000 of wood shavings or the like B27L0011040000 of wood wool B27L0011060000 of wood powder or sawdust (grinding-stones B24D);; B27L0011080000 of wood fibres, e.g. produced by tearing B27M OTHER WORKING OF WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES B27M0001000000 Working of wood stock of semi-finished or finished articles not covered by ; B27B-B27L, e.g. by stretching B27M0001020000 by compressing B27M0001040000 by punching out B27M0001060000 by burning or charring, e.g. cutting with hot wire (as surface treatment B44B);; B27M0003000000 Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles (features of copying devices B23Q;manufacture of plywood or veneer, shaping plywood or veneer into articles B27D; of central layers for plywood B27D0001060000; nailing or stapling machines in general B27F0007000000; of elements for cooperage or wheel-making B27H) B27M0003020000 of roofing elements, e.g. shingles B27M0003040000 of flooring elements, e.g. parqueting blocks (assembling wooden elements on backings of other substances B32B, e.g. B32B0031100000);; B27M0003060000 of composite floor plates ; per by assembling or jointing the parqueting blocks B27M0003080000 of specially-shaped wood laths or strips B27M0003100000 of airscrew blades B27M0003120000 of railings, stairs, stair stringers, ladders, or parts thereof B27M0003140000 of railroad sleepers B27M0003160000 of tool handles or tools, e.g. mallets B27M0003180000 of furniture B27M0003200000 of lasts; of shoes, e.g. sabots; of parts of shoes, e.g. heels B27M0003220000 of sport articles, e.g. bowling pins, frames of tennis rackets, skis, paddles B27M0003240000 of household utensils, e.g. spoons, clothes hangers, clothes pegs B27M0003260000 of smokers utensils, e.g. pipes B27M0003280000 of dowels or bolts B27M0003300000 of bobbins B27M0003320000 of tapered poles, e.g. mine props B27M0003340000 of cases, trunks, or boxes, of wood or equivalent material which cannot satisfactorily be bent without softening (nailed or stapled work in general B27F0007000000;of cardboard, paper, or similarly workable material B31B) B27M0003360000 Machines or devices for attaching blanks together, e.g. for making wire-bound boxes B27M0003380000 of walking sticks or of sticks for umbrellas B28 WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, AND STONE B28B SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS, SLAG OR MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER (foundry moulding B22C;working fired clay or set concrete B28D; shaping materials in their plastic state in general B29C; making layered products not composed wholly of these substances B32B; shaping in situ, see the relevant classes of Section E); B28B0001000000 Producing shaped articles from the material (using presses B28B0003000000;shaping on moving conveyers B28B0005000000; producing tubular articles B28B0021000000) B28B0001020000 by turning or jiggering B28B0001040000 by tamping or ramming (followed by pressing B28B0003020000);; B28B0001080000 by vibrating or jolting B28B0001100000 and applying pressure otherwise than by the use of presses B28B0001140000 by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted (for molten material B28B0001540000);; B28B0001160000 for producing layered articles (coating B28B0011040000);; B28B0001200000 by centrifugal or rotational casting (slip-casting involving rotation of the mould B28B0001280000;for molten material B28B0001540000) B28B0001240000 by injection moulding B28B0001260000 by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor (B28B0001520000 takes precedence);; B28B0001280000 involving rotation of the mould B28B0001290000 by profiling or strickling the material in open moulds or on moulding surfaces B28B0001300000 by applying the material on to a core, or other moulding surface to form a layer thereon (to form a permanent layer B28B0019000000);; B28B0001320000 by projecting, e.g. spraying (spraying in general B05B);; B28B0001340000 by centrifugal force B28B0001380000 by dipping (in general B05C);; B28B0001400000 by wrapping, e.g. winding B28B0001420000 using mixtures containing fibres, e.g. for making sheets by slitting the wound layer B28B0001440000 by forcing cores into filled moulds for forming hollow articles B28B0001480000 by removing material from solid section preforms for forming hollow articles, e.g. by punching or boring B28B0001500000 specially adapted for producing articles of expanded material, e.g. cellular concrete (chemical aspects C04B);; B28B0001520000 specially adapted for producing articles from mixtures containing fibres (by wrapping on to mandrels B28B0001420000);; B28B0001540000 specially adapted for producing articles from molten material, e.g. slag (chemical aspects C04B);; B28B0003000000 Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses (shaping on moving conveyers B28B0005000000);;Presses specially adapted therefor (presses in general B30B);; B28B0003020000 wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form B28B0003040000 with one ram per mould (B28B0003100000 takes precedence);; B28B0003060000 with two or more ram and mould sets B28B0003080000 with two or more rams per mould B28B0003100000 each charge of material being compressed against previously formed body B28B0003120000 wherein one or more rollers exerts pressure on the material B28B0003140000 with co-operating pocketed rollers B28B0003160000 with co-operating profiled rollers B28B0003180000 Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring B28B0003200000 wherein the material is extruded B28B0003220000 by screw or worm B28B0003240000 by reciprocating plunger B28B0003260000 Extrusion dies B28B0005000000 Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in, or on conveyers irrespective of the manner of shaping (shaping aspects per, see the relevant groups);; B28B0005020000 on conveyers of the endless-belt or chain type (in combination with pressing rollers B28B0003120000);; B28B0005040000 in moulds moved in succession past one or more shaping stations (on turn-tables B28B0005060000);; B28B0005060000 in moulds on a turn-table B28B0005080000 intermittently rotated B28B0005100000 in moulds carried on the circumference of a rotating drum B28B0005120000 intermittently rotated B28B0007000000 Moulds; Cores; Mandrels B28B0007020000 Moulds with adjustable parts B28B0007040000 one or more of the parts being pivotally mounted B28B0007060000 Moulds with flexible parts B28B0007080000 Moulds provided with means for tilting or inverting B28B0007100000 Moulds with means incorporated therein, or carried thereby, for ejecting the moulded article (devices, not forming part of the mould, for ejecting the moulded article B28B0013060000);; B28B0007120000 by fluid pressure B28B0007140000 Moulds with means incorporated therein, or carried thereby, for cutting the moulded article into parts (cutting means independent of the mould B28B0011140000);; B28B0007160000 Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface B28B0007180000 the holes passing completely through the article B28B0007200000 Moulds for making shaped articles with undercut recesses, e.g. dovetails B28B0007220000 Moulds for making units for prefabricated buildings; Moulds for making prefabricated stair units B28B0007240000 Unitary mould structures with a plurality of moulding spaces B28B0007260000 Assemblies of separate moulds B28B0007280000 Cores; Mandrels B28B0007300000 adjustable, collapsible, or expanding B28B0007320000 inflatable B28B0007340000 Moulds, cores, or mandrels of special material, e.g. destructible materials (for slip-casting B28B0001260000);; B28B0007360000 Linings or coatings (lubricating surfaces of moulds, cores, or mandrels B28B0007380000);; B28B0007380000 Treating surfaces of moulds, cores, or mandrels to prevent sticking B28B0011000000 Apparatus or processes for treating the shaped articles (specially adapted for tubular articles B28B0021920000;decoration or surface treatment in general B05, B44; solidifying concrete in situ in connection with building E04G0021060000; drying F26) B28B0011020000 for attaching appendages, e.g. handles, spouts B28B0011040000 for coating (in general glazing, engobing C04B);; B28B0011060000 with powdered or granular material B28B0011080000 for reshaping the surface, e.g. smoothing, roughening, corrugating, making screw-threads B28B0011100000 by using presses B28B0011120000 for removing parts of the articles by cutting B28B0011140000 for dividing shaped articles by cutting B28B0011160000 for extrusion B28B0011180000 for removing burr B28B0011220000 for cleaning B28B0013000000 Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus (feeding or discharging devices incorporated in, or operatively associated with, a particular type of shaping apparatus, or specially designed to supply materials to a particular type of shaping apparatus, see the relevant groups for the apparatus);; B28B0013020000 Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles B28B0013040000 Discharging the shaped articles B28B0013060000 Removing the shaped articles from moulds (by means incorporated in or carried by the moulds B28B0007100000);; B28B0015000000 General arrangement or layout of plant B28B0017000000 Details of, or accessories for, apparatus for shaping the material; Auxiliary measures taken in connection with such shaping (moulds B28B0007000000;after-treatment B28B0011000000; feeding or discharging B28B0013000000; arrangements for embedding elements in the material B28B0023000000; details, accessories, or auxiliary measures special to any one type of shaping, machine or method of shaping, see the relevant groups for such machines or methods); B28B0017020000 Conditioning the material prior to shaping B28B0017040000 Exhausting or laying dust B28B0019000000 Machines or methods for applying the material to surfaces to form a permanent layer thereon (making shaped articles on mandrels B28B0001300000;applying liquids or semi-liquids to surfaces in general B05C; glazing or engobing C04B; applying the material to walls or other fixed structures see the relevant classes of Section E); B28B0021000000 Methods or machines for producing tubular articles B28B0021020000 by casting into moulds B28B0021040000 by simple casting, the material being neither positively compacted nor forcibly fed B28B0021060000 into moulds having sliding parts (B28B0021260000 takes precedence;forms, shutterings, or falsework for making rooms as a whole, whole stories, or whole buildings E04G0011020000) B28B0021080000 by slip-casting; Moulds therefor B28B0021100000 using compacting means B28B0021120000 tamping or ramming the material or the mould elements B28B0021140000 vibrating, e.g. the surface of the material B28B0021160000 one or more mould elements B28B0021180000 using expansible or retractable mould or core elements B28B0021200000 using inflatable cores, e.g. having a frame inside the inflatable part of the core (B28B0021860000 takes precedence);; B28B0021220000 using rotatable mould or core parts B28B0021240000 using compacting heads, rollers, or the like B28B0021260000 with a packer head serving as a sliding mould or provided with guiding means for feeding the material B28B0021280000 combined with vibration means B28B0021300000 Centrifugal moulding B28B0021320000 Feeding the material into the moulds B28B0021340000 combined with vibrating or other additional compacting means B28B0021360000 applying fluid pressure or vacuum to the material (combined with slip-casting B28B0021080000);; B28B0021380000 introducing the material wholly or partly under pressure B28B0021400000 by evacuating one or more of the mould parts B28B0021420000 by shaping on or against mandrels or like moulding surfaces B28B0021440000 by projecting, e.g. spraying B28B0021460000 by dipping B28B0021480000 by wrapping, e.g. winding B28B0021500000 Details of compression or compacting means B28B0021520000 by extruding B28B0021540000 Mouthpieces for shaping sockets, bends, or like peculiarly-shaped tubular articles B28B0021560000 incorporating reinforcements B28B0021580000 steel tubes B28B0021600000 prestressed reinforcements B28B0021620000 circumferential B28B0021640000 Winding arrangements B28B0021660000 Reinforcing mats B28B0021680000 and applying centrifugal forces B28B0021700000 by building-up from preformed elements B28B0021720000 Producing multilayer tubes B28B0021740000 Producing pipe bends, sockets, sleeves; Moulds therefor (combined with extrusion presses B28B0021540000);; B28B0021760000 Moulds B28B0021780000 with heating or cooling means, e.g. steam jackets B28B0021800000 adapted to centrifugal or rotational moulding B28B0021820000 built-up from several parts; Multiple moulds; Moulds with adjustable parts B28B0021840000 Moulds with one or more pivotable parts B28B0021860000 Cores (in general B28B0007000000);; B28B0021880000 adjustable, collapsible or expansible (using inflatable cores B28B0021200000);; B28B0021900000 Methods or apparatus for discharging after shaping B28B0021920000 Methods or apparatus for treating or reshaping B28B0021940000 for impregnating or coating by applying liquids or semi-liquids B28B0021960000 for smoothing, roughening, corrugating or for removing burr B28B0021980000 for reshaping, e.g. by means of reshape moulds B28B0023000000 Arrangements for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material (B28B0021000000 takes precedence;in units for prefabricated buildings B28B0007220000) B28B0023020000 wherein the elements are reinforcing members B28B0023040000 the elements being stressed B28B0023060000 for the production of elongated articles B28B0023080000 the articles being of tubular form B28C PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER (preparing material for foundry moulds B22C0005000000);; B28C0001000000 Machines or methods for obtaining or processing clay (filtration in general B01D;separation of solids from solids B03, B07; by mining or quarrying E21C0041000000, E21C0047000000) B28C0001020000 for producing or processing clay suspensions (producing or processing suspensions in general B01);; B28C0001040000 Producing suspensions, e.g. by blunging B28C0001060000 Processing suspensions B28C0001080000 Separating suspensions, e.g. for obtaining clay, for removing stones (filtration in general B01D;separation of solids from solids B03, B07) B28C0001100000 for processing clay-containing substances in non-fluid condition (clay slurries B28C0001020000);; B28C0001120000 Storing and conditioning in storage; Specially adapted storage spaces and devices for their filling or emptying (feeding clay to shaping apparatus B28B0013000000);; B28C0001140000 Apparatus specially adapted for homogenising, comminuting or conditioning clay in non-fluid condition or for separating undesired admixtures therefrom (processes involving conversion to a slurry B28C0001020000;conditioning in storage B28C0001120000; comminuting in general B02C; chemical features in eliminating iron or lime C04B) B28C0001160000 for homogenising, e.g. by mixing, kneading B28C0001180000 for comminuting B28C0001200000 for separating undesired admixed bodies B28C0001220000 combined with means for conditioning by heating, humidifying, or vacuum treatment B28C0003000000 Machines or methods for mixing clay with other substances (producing clay suspensions B28C0001020000);; B28C0005000000 Machines or methods for producing mixtures of cement with other substances, e.g. slurries, mortars, porous or fibrous compositions (controlling the mixing apparatus and supplying the ingredients B28C0007000000);; B28C0005020000 Apparatus without driven mechanical means effecting the mixing B28C0005040000 Gravitational mixing; Mixing by intermingling streams of ingredients (ingredients projected by fluid pressure B28C0005060000);; B28C0005060000 the mixing being effected by the action of a fluid (in combination with driven mechanical means B28C0005380000);; B28C0005080000 Apparatus with driven mechanical means affecting the mixing (in combination with the action of a fluid B28C0005380000);; B28C0005100000 Mixing in containers not actuated to effect the mixing B28C0005120000 with stirrers sweeping through the materials B28C0005140000 the stirrers having motion about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis B28C0005160000 the stirrers having motion about a vertical or steeply inclined axis B28C0005180000 Mixing in containers to which motion is imparted to effect the mixing B28C0005200000 rotating about a horizontal or substantially horizontal axis during mixing, e.g. without independent stirrers B28C0005220000 with stirrers held stationary B28C0005240000 with driven stirrers B28C0005260000 rotating about a vertical or steeply inclined axis during the mixing B28C0005280000 without independent stirrers B28C0005300000 with stirrers held stationary B28C0005320000 with driven stirrers B28C0005340000 Mixing on or by conveyers B28C0005360000 Endless-belt mixers B28C0005380000 Apparatus wherein the mixing is effected both by the action of a fluid and by directly-acting driven mechanical means, e.g. stirring means B28C0005400000 Mixing apparatus specially adapted for preparing mixtures containing fibres B28C0005420000 Apparatus specially adapted for being mounted on vehicles with provision for mixing during transport (vehicle aspects B60P);; B28C0005440000 Apparatus specially adapted for drive by muscle power B28C0005460000 Arrangements for applying super- or sub-atmospheric pressure during mixing; Arrangements for cooling or heating during mixing B28C0007000000 Controlling the operation of apparatus for producing mixtures of clay or cement with other substances; Supplying or proportioning the ingredients for mixing clay or cement with other substances; Discharging the mixture (feeding material in general B65G;proportioning in general G01F, G01G; controlling in general G05) B28C0007020000 Controlling the operation of the mixing apparatus B28C0007040000 Supplying or proportioning the ingredients B28C0007060000 Supplying the solid ingredients, e.g. by means of endless conveyers or jigging conveyers B28C0007080000 by means of scrapers or skips B28C0007100000 by means of rotary members B28C0007120000 Supplying or proportioning liquid ingredients B28C0007140000 Supply means incorporated in or mounted on mixers B28C0007160000 Discharge means B28D WORKING STONE OR STONE-LIKE MATERIALS B28D0001000000 Working stone or stone-like materials, e.g. brick, concrete, not provided for elsewhere; Machines, devices, tools therefor (fine working of gems, jewels, crystals B28D0005000000;working by grinding or polishing B24; truing of grindstones B24B0053000000) B28D0001020000 by sawing B28D0001040000 with circular saw blades or saw discs (B28D0001100000 takes precedence);; B28D0001060000 with reciprocating saw blades (B28D0001100000 takes precedence);; B28D0001080000 with saw blades of endless cutter-type, e.g. chain saws, strap saws (B28D0001100000 takes precedence);; B28D0001100000 with provision for measuring B28D0001120000 Saw blades specially adapted for working stone B28D0001140000 by boring or drilling (portable percussive tools B25D;rotary drilling machines, mining and quarrying E21C) B28D0001160000 by turning B28D0001180000 by milling, e.g. channelling by means of milling tools B28D0001200000 by planing, e.g. channelling by means of planing tools B28D0001220000 by cutting, e.g. incising B28D0001240000 with cutting discs B28D0001260000 by impact tools, e.g. by chisels or other tools having a cutting edge (portable percussive tools B25D);; B28D0001280000 without cutting edge B28D0001300000 to form contours, i.e. curved surfaces, irrespective of the method of working used (for artistic purposes B44B);; B28D0001320000 Methods and apparatus specially adapted for working materials which can easily be split, e.g. mica, slate, schist B28D0003000000 Dressing mill discs or rollers B28D0003020000 Machines B28D0003040000 for grooving rollers B28D0005000000 Fine working of gems, jewels, crystals, e.g. of semi-conductor material; Apparatus or devices therefor (working by grinding or polishing B24;for artistic purposes B44B) B28D0005020000 by rotary tools, e.g. drills B28D0005040000 by tools other than of rotary type, e.g. reciprocating tools B28D0005060000 by non-mechanical methods, e.g. chemical methods B28D0007000000 Accessories specially adapted for use with machines or devices of the preceding groups B28D0007020000 for removing or laying dust, e.g. by spraying liquids; for cooling work B28D0007040000 for supporting or holding work B29 WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (see Section C, particularly C08, for chemical matters;shaping clay or other ceramic compositions, slag, or mixtures containing cementitious material B28B) B29B PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED B29B0001000000 Pretreatment of the material to be shaped (disintegrating B02C;cutting to particular shape or size B29C) B29B0001020000 Granulating (in general B01J);;Pelletising; Tabletting B29B0001030000 Forming pellets B29B0001032000 Tabletting (tabletting presses in general B30B0011000000);; B29B0001040000 Mixing; Kneading B29B0001060000 Mixing or kneading apparatus B29B0001080000 with mixing rollers B29B0001100000 with mixing screws, e.g. intermeshing screws B29B0001120000 Grinding, e.g. by triturating; Sieving; Filtering B29B0001140000 Making preforms B29B0003000000 Conditioning, e.g. heating, cooling, of the material as pretreatment B29B0003020000 Melting of the material to be shaped B29B0003040000 Drying of the material to be shaped B29B0005000000 Feeding of the material to be shaped B29B0005020000 to pretreatment apparatus B29B0005040000 to shaping apparatus, e.g. charging the moulding press B29B0005060000 in measured doses B29C SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OR JOINING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE, IN GENERAL; PROCESSING USED PLASTIC MATERIAL (processes or apparatus predominantly used for thermoplastic substances B29F;for thermosetting substances B29G; for natural or synthetic rubbers B29H) B29C0001000000 Moulds; Dies; Accessories for moulds or dies B29C0001020000 Selection of materials for moulds; Manufacture of moulds or parts thereof (manufacture of moulds or parts thereof from metal B22, B23);; B29C0001040000 Mould linings; Preventing articles moulded from sticking to the mould, e.g. by using lubricants B29C0001060000 Mould cores B29C0001080000 Fusible cores B29C0001100000 Powder or granulated cores B29C0001120000 Elastic cores; Collapsible, e.g. inflatable, cores B29C0001130000 with thermoplastic memory B29C0001140000 Moulds for making articles having holes or recesses B29C0001160000 Devices for mounting moulds or for holding the parts of the mould together, e.g. mould clamps B29C0003000000 Producing shaped articles from plastic material or plastics using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor (compression moulding B29G0001000000;presses in general B30B; pressing in general B30B0013000000) B29C0003020000 Presses incorporating moulds on a movable carrier, e.g. using pocketed rollers B29C0003040000 Feeding arrangements B29C0003060000 Control devices B29C0005000000 Casting in a mould (casting in general B22;casting sheets B29D0007020000; casting tubes B29D0023080000; producing cellular or porous articles or sheets by casting B29D0027040000) B29C0005020000 by spraying on to the inside surface of the mould B29C0005040000 by centrifuging or rotating B29C0005060000 by blowing material against the inside surface of the mould, the fluid pressure acting directly on the material, e.g. forming hollow bodies B29C0005080000 in layers B29C0005100000 in moulds moving continuously along a production line B29C0005120000 Casting plastisols B29C0006000000 Encapsulating in a mould, the encapsulating material being a powder or a liquid B29C0006020000 the article being enclosed in the mould B29C0006040000 only partly B29C0007000000 Discharging the moulded article from the mould B29C0009000000 Manufacture of multicoloured articles, within a mould, from several moulding material B29C0011000000 Other features of shaping within a mould (injection moulding B29F;compression or transfer moulding B29G) B29C0013000000 Shaping by coating a former, e.g. by dipping, by spraying (in general, winding, covering cores by winding B65H);; B29C0013020000 Producing bottle seals; Moulding seals around stoppers or necks of bottles B29C0013040000 Removing the moulded articles from the former B29C0015000000 Shaping by squeezing, e.g. between bands or rollers (making sheets B29D0007140000);; B29C0017000000 Shaping by manipulation of moulded pieces, e.g. sheets, tubes, rods (joining moulded pieces B29C0027000000);; B29C0017020000 by bending, folding, or stretching, e.g. drawing of rods (to produce tubular bodies from sheets B29D0023100000);; B29C0017030000 by deep-drawing B29C0017040000 by distorting sheet material against a shaped surface by fluid pressure B29C0017060000 the pressure being applied through walls of an inflated bag B29C0017070000 by distorting a tubular preform against a shaped surface by fluid pressure B29C0017080000 by removing material B29C0017100000 by cutting, milling, drilling, turning or planing (cutting in general B26);; B29C0017120000 by grinding, polishing, or roughening; Removing burrs or flash B29C0017140000 by cutting without waste, e.g. cutting extruded material into lengths (sheets from blocks B29D0007180000);; B29C0017160000 Arrangements for discharging cut-off sheets, rods, or tubes, e.g. associated with extrusion presses B29C0021000000 Manufacture of multicoloured articles from several moulding materials, otherwise than within a mould B29C0023000000 Other features of shaping, other than within a mould (extrusion moulding B29F0003000000;low-pressure moulding B29G0005000000) B29C0024000000 Shaping by combined operations, e.g. by folding and welding, such combinations being not otherwise provided for (for producing particular articles B29D);; B29C0025000000 After-treatment of shaped products, e.g. final hardening (surface treatment to obtain special surface effects or finishes B44D0005000000);; B29C0027000000 Joining, e.g. welding, gluing, shrinking onto cores (producing layered products consisting only of plastics other than rubber B29D0009000000;processes for joining materials by welding overlapping edges with an insertion of plastics material C09J0005100000) B29C0027020000 Welding plastic materials B29C0027040000 by using a high-frequency electric field B29C0027060000 using an electrically-heated welding tool B29C0027080000 by using frictional heat, e.g. produced by vibration B29C0027100000 Gluing plastic materials (adhesive processes in general C09J);; B29C0027120000 Press or force fitting using heat (for metals, or materials worked in a similar manner, B23P0019000000;force fits in general F16B0004000000) B29C0027140000 Applying or fixing layers or sheathings of preformed plastic material or of plastics, e.g. threads, sheets, foils, tubes B29C0027160000 to internal surfaces B29C0027180000 the shape of the layers or sheathings being adapted before application, to the outer of the articles B29C0027200000 making use of the thermoplastic memory of the layers or sheathings B29C0027220000 the layers or sheathings being shaped by application to the articles (B29C0027160000 takes precedence);; B29C0027240000 using tubular layers or sheathings B29C0027260000 Winding or wrapping with threads or webs (B29C0027160000 takes precedence;winding, wrapping by winding, in general, B65H) B29C0027280000 of tubular articles B29C0027300000 Fixing preformed plastic material, or preformed plastics, to articles made from other material, e.g. to pivots made from steel B29C0029000000 Recovery or processing of used plastic materials; Recovery of non-plastic constituents of articles made from plastic material (disintegrating or pulverising plastic materials or plastics B02C, e.g. B02C0018440000);; B29D PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE (specially adapted for working of natural or synthetic rubbers B29H;combined with packaging B65B) B29D0001000000 Producing articles provided with screw threads B29D0003000000 Producing articles with inserts, e.g. bobbins B29D0003020000 with reinforcements, e.g. producing reinforced translucent sheets, e.g. with reinforcements of glass fibres (producing tubular bodies by extrusion over reinforcements B29D0023050000;producing driving or conveyer belts with embedded unconnected reinforcing wires B29D0029020000; building-up articles of more or less uniform thickness with embedded material extending coherently or connectedly over substantially the whole area B32B) B29D0005000000 Producing slide fasteners; Attachment of the interlocking members of a slide fastener to a stringer (forms of slide fasteners A44B0019000000;from metal, see the appropriate metal-working class, e.g. B21D0053500000, B21F0045180000; by casting from metals or in general B22D, e.g. B22D0017160000) B29D0007000000 Producing films or sheets (reinforced sheets B29D0003020000;porous or cellular sheets B29D0027000000) B29D0007020000 by casting or extruding B29D0007040000 Constructional features of the moulding slit in the die, e.g. annular, of broad opening B29D0007060000 without the use of supporting plates or moulds B29D0007080000 with the use of supporting plates or moulds B29D0007100000 in roller moulding machines B29D0007120000 in strip moulding machines B29D0007140000 by rolling of the material between rollers by pressing members supplying the material between them, e.g. using co-operating endless belts B29D0007160000 by cutting tubular material B29D0007180000 by slicing from block material B29D0007200000 After-treatment of films or sheets, e.g. treatment with liquids for dyeing, drying B29D0007220000 Changing or stabilisation of the surface, shape, or dimensions B29D0007240000 Stretching films or sheets B29D0007260000 Winding-up the films or sheets B29D0009000000 Producing layered products consisting only of plastics other than rubber (producing laminated rubber articles or materials B29H);; B29D0009020000 using rollers, e.g. heated rollers B29D0009040000 using pneumatic pressure B29D0009060000 using press plates B29D0009080000 by applying coatings of pasty or pulverulent plastic material B29D0009100000 having layers with discontinuities, e.g. built-up from tube pieces B29D0011000000 Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses, prisms (constructional form of optical elements G02B);; B29D0011020000 Artificial eyes of organic plastic material B29D0012000000 Producing frames B29D0012020000 Producing spectacle frames (constructional form G02C);; B29D0015000000 Producing gear wheels or similar articles with grooves or projections, e.g. control knobs B29D0017000000 Producing carriers of sound records for needle playback, e.g. disc records, cylinder records (recording sound or other information using formed grooves or the equivalent G11B);;Producing record discs from master stencils B29D0019000000 Producing buttons or semi-finished parts of buttons B29D0019020000 in moulds B29D0019040000 by cutting, milling, turning, stamping, or perforating moulded parts; Surface treatment of buttons B29D0019060000 Devices for feeding semi-finished parts to the processing machines B29D0019080000 Making holes in buttons or in semi-finished parts thereof B29D0021000000 Producing hair combs or similar toothed or slotted articles B29D0021020000 in moulds B29D0021040000 by sawing, milling, cutting, or similar operations B29D0021060000 Polishing B29D0023000000 Producing tubular bodies B29D0023010000 using production methods peculiar to specific substances, e.g. to polyfluorhydrocarbons B29D0023020000 by injection moulding B29D0023030000 by blowing material against the inside surface of the mould, the fluid pressure acting directly on the material, e.g. forming hollow bodies B29D0023040000 by extrusion B29D0023050000 over reinforcements B29D0023060000 of spinning solutions in liquefied state (preparation of spinning solutions D01D0001020000, D01F0003000000);; B29D0023080000 by casting B29D0023100000 by bending strips or sheets at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the tubular body being formed B29D0023120000 by winding strips in spiral or helical form (from paper B31C);; B29D0023130000 by drawing B29D0023140000 Producing cigar or cigarette holders B29D0023180000 Producing pleated hoses B29D0023200000 Producing flexible squeeze tubes, e.g. for cosmetics B29D0025000000 Producing frameless domes B29D0027000000 Producing porous or cellular articles or sheets, e.g. of foam plastics, coarse-pored B29D0027020000 Mixing or spraying devices specially adapted therefor B29D0027040000 by casting B29D0027060000 Making sponges, e.g. from viscose B29D0027080000 by sintering porously (compactly B29F0005020000);; B29D0029000000 Producing driving belts or bands (making rubber driving belts B29H0007220000;making layered belts or bands, building-up belts or bands with embedded material extending coherently or connectedly over substantially the whole area B32B) B29D0029020000 with embedded unconnected reinforcements B29D0029040000 Repairing driving or conveyer belts using similar methods B29D0031000000 Producing other particular articles (artificial teeth A61C0013080000);; B29D0031020000 bushes for bearings B29F PROCESSES OR APPARATUS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR SHAPING OF THERMOPLASTIC SUBSTANCES (shaping of plastics in general, casting plastics in an open mould, joining plastics B29C);; B29F0001000000 Injection moulding (for producing tubular bodies B29D0023020000);; B29F0001020000 Injection heads; Injection cylinders, e.g. involving screw conveyers B29F0001022000 Dies B29F0001030000 Injector nozzles; Feed stopping equipment; Cleaning equipment B29F0001040000 Positive-displacement constructions, i.e. constructions for displacing measured doses; Flow control, e.g. "torpedo" constructions B29F0001050000 Cutting-off equipment for ingates B29F0001060000 Means for forcing material into mould; Regulating the pressure on the material to be injected or on interlocked parts of the mould B29F0001080000 Heating or cooling the material to be injected B29F0001100000 Coating articles by injection moulding, the article being preformed, or formed, simultaneously with the coating B29F0001120000 of multicoloured stream of injected material; Moulds for injection moulding of multicoloured articles B29F0001140000 Ejection means for moulded articles B29F0003000000 Extrusion moulding (producing films, tubular bodies, or articles B29D;making particle board, fibre board, or articles moulded from wood particles or fibres B29J0005000000) B29F0003010000 Extrusion presses predominantly used for shaping of thermoplastic substances (special adaptations to the shaping of thermosetting substances B29G0002000000;extrusion presses in general B30B0011220000) B29F0003012000 using rollers or discs B29F0003014000 using press rams B29F0003020000 Mixing, kneading, or conveying devices combined with extrusion presses B29F0003030000 Venting, gas or steam exhausting devices combined with extrusion presses B29F0003040000 Extrusion nozzles B29F0003060000 Means for forcing material through nozzle; Regulating the pressure on the material to be extruded B29F0003080000 Heating or cooling the material to be extruded, or the stream of extruded material B29F0003100000 Coating cores by extrusion (coating threads with spinning solutions or melts D01D0011060000);; B29F0003120000 of multicoloured stream of extruded material B29F0005000000 Other means for shaping, specially adapted for thermoplastic substances, e.g. sintering powders B29F0005020000 by sintering compactly (porously B29D0027060000);; B29G PROCESSES FOR APPARATUS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR THE SHAPING OF THERMOSETTING SUBSTANCES (working of thermosetting substances by processes or apparatus also applicable to thermoplastic substances B29F);; B29G0001000000 Compression moulding B29G0002000000 Special adaptations of extrusion moulding to the shaping of thermosetting substances B29G0002020000 of presses (extrusion presses in general B30B0011220000);; B29G0003000000 Injection moulding; Transfer moulding, i.e. from an injection chamber incorporated in the mould B29G0005000000 Shaping resin-impregnated sheets, e.g. to corrugated form B29G0007000000 Shaping, specially adapted for thermosetting substances and not otherwise provided for B29G0007020000 Producing porous or cellular articles or sheets B29H PROCESSES OR APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR WORKING OF NATURAL OR SYNTHETIC RUBBERS (working of rubber in the same manner as plastics, see the relevant sub-classes for plastics);; B29H0001000000 Treatment of crude rubber, gutta-percha, or similar substances (tapping latex A01G;chemical aspects C08C) B29H0001020000 Coagulating devices B29H0001040000 Washing devices for rubber B29H0001060000 Drying or smoking rubber B29H0001080000 Breaking-up rubber bales B29H0001100000 Methods or apparatus specially adapted for mixing rubber with other substances, e.g. with solids, with fluids B29H0003000000 Shaping rubber articles in general B29H0003020000 from latex B29H0003040000 by the immersion method B29H0003042000 Moulds; Cores, e.g. formers B29H0003044000 Arrangements for removing the articles from the cores or formers B29H0003060000 by cutting, stamping, perforating, splitting, or trimming B29H0003080000 by injection moulding B29H0003100000 by transfer moulding, i.e. from an injection chamber incorporated in the mould B29H0003120000 the injection chamber being engaged directly by the reciprocating press-ram B29H0003140000 from a separate injection press adapted to be connected to the moulds B29H0005000000 Processes or devices for vulcanising rubber articles (for dental purposes A61C0013140000;chemical vulcanisation C08C, C08D) B29H0005010000 Vulcanising processes B29H0005012000 Vulcanising pans B29H0005020000 for tyres; Vulcanising presses (with several moulds B29H0005200000);;Vulcanising moulds; Accessories for use in connection with, or associated with, vulcanising presses or moulds B29H0005040000 for vulcanising retreaded tyres; Devices for forming and vulcanising the new tread B29H0005060000 Devices for folding and inserting vulcanising cores into tyres before vulcanisation (insertion into tyres in a flat form before tyre is expanded to the normal shape B29H0017260000);; B29H0005080000 Apparatus for removing cores from tyres after vulcanisation; Opening or closing vulcanising moulds B29H0005100000 for inner tubes B29H0005120000 for shoes B29H0005140000 for hot-water bottles B29H0005160000 for local vulcanisation, e.g. for repairing tyres, inner tubes, shoes B29H0005170000 by applying patches B29H0005180000 Cores for use during vulcanisation, e.g. inflatable air-bags B29H0005200000 Vulcanising presses with several moulds stacked upon each other and acted upon by a single pressing-ram B29H0005220000 Heated platens for use in moulding-presses B29H0005240000 with automatic devices for regulating the duration or temperature of the vulcanising process B29H0005260000 Vulcanising devices in which the rubber is heated by using a high-frequency electric field B29H0005280000 Continuous vulcanising machines B29H0005300000 Cold vulcanising devices B29H0007000000 Manufacture of particular vulcanised rubber articles or materials (vulcanising devices B29H0005000000;tyres B29H0011000000, B29H0013000000, B29H0017000000; inner tubes B29H0015000000) B29H0007020000 substantially-closed hollow articles, wholly or partly of rubber, e.g. balls (constructional form of balls A63B);; B29H0007030000 inflatable, e.g. toys, air cushions B29H0007040000 formed by stamping parts from sheets and joining edges of parts together B29H0007050000 of hot-water bottles (constructional form A61F0007040000);; B29H0007060000 of golf balls B29H0007080000 of shoes; parts of shoes (constructional form A43B);;Washer-feeding machines for making rubber heels B29H0007120000 of accumulator cases, e.g. made of ebonite B29H0007140000 of pipes, e.g. hose-pipe; tubes (inner tubes of tyres B29H0015000000);; B29H0007150000 of pleated hoses B29H0007160000 of threads B29H0007180000 made by cutting from sheets or cylinders B29H0007200000 of porous or cellular articles or sheets B29H0007220000 of driving belts (constructional form F16G);;of conveyer belts B29H0007240000 of floor coverings B29H0007260000 of gas masks B29H0007270000 of bathing caps B29H0007280000 of garment protectors, e.g. dress shields (constructional form A41D0027120000);; B29H0008000000 Producing compound rubber sheet material, i.e. built-up from natural or synthetic rubber layers only B29H0009000000 Combining rubber with other materials (in making tyres B29H0017000000);; B29H0009020000 Threads, fabrics, or other coherent material treated with rubber or with rubber latex (treatment of loose fibres C08);; B29H0009040000 Manufacture of layers comprising parallel threads or cords, without weft threads or cords, held together or embedded in rubber (with weft threads B32B);; B29H0009060000 Spreading rubber coatings on coherent material, e.g. fabric or paper B29H0009080000 Covering metal wire with rubber B29H0009100000 Fixing rubber on, or applying rubber to, other materials, e.g. metal, glass, leather (in shoemaking A43D0025000000, A43D0065000000);; B29H0009110000 to articles, e.g. sleeves B29H0009120000 Manufacture of rubber printing-rolls B29H0011000000 Manufacture of solid rubber tyres (constructional form B60C);; B29H0013000000 Manufacture of resilient fillings for rubber tyres; Filling tyres therewith B29H0015000000 Manufacture of inner tubes B29H0015020000 with two or more air chambers or cells, e.g. safety inner tubes B29H0015040000 Joining or welding together the ends of non-vulcanised inner tubes B29H0015060000 Devices for removing air from inner tubes B29H0017000000 Manufacture of pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (constructional form, connecting to valves B60C);; B29H0017020000 Building-up tyres B29H0017040000 on round cores, i.e. the shape of the core is approximately identical with the normal shape of the completed tyre B29H0017060000 Cores B29H0017080000 Rolling-down or pressing-down the layers in the building-up process B29H0017100000 Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during the application B29H0017120000 Fitting the bead-rings or bead-cores; Folding the textile layers round these rings or cores B29H0017140000 by the flat-tyre method, i.e. building-up on cylindrical drums B29H0017160000 Drums B29H0017180000 Rolling-down or pressing-down the layers in the building-up process B29H0017200000 Applying the layers; Guiding or stretching the layers during application B29H0017220000 Fitting the bead-rings or bead-cores; Folding the textile layers round these rings or cores B29H0017240000 by jointly covering two bead-rings, located parallel to each other at a distance apart, with fabric or cord layers B29H0017260000 Expansion of tyres in a flat form, e.g. built-up by the flat-tyre method or by jointly covering two bead-rings, to the normal shape B29H0017280000 Forming textile inserts, e.g. cord or canvas layers, for tyres (making woven fabrics D03D);;Treatment of inserts prior to building-up the tyre (treatment of inserts with rubber B29H0009020000;manufacture of layers consisting of parallel cords, without weft threads, held together by or embedded in rubber B29H0009040000; constructional form of inserts B60C) B29H0017300000 Cutting textile inserts to required shape B29H0017320000 Manufacture of bead-rings or bead-cores (of wire B21F0037000000);;Treatment thereof prior to building-up the tyre (constructional form of bead-rings or bead-cores B60C);; B29H0017340000 Covering, e.g. by winding, the separate bead-rings or bead-cores with textile material, e.g. with flipper strips (folding textile layers round bead-rings or bead-cores B29H0017120000, B29H0017220000;jointly covering bead-rings or bead-cores B29H0017240000) B29H0017360000 Forming unvulcanised treads, e.g. on used tyres; Retreading (apparatus for forming and vulcanising treads B29H0005040000);; B29H0017370000 Applying bands of rubber treads, i.e. applying camel back B29H0017372000 Tyre spreaders B29H0017380000 Moulding treads on to tyre casings, e.g. non-skid treads with spikes B29H0017400000 Cutting profiles in the treads of tyres B29H0019000000 Recovery or processing of used rubber; Recovery of non-rubber constituents of rubber articles B29H0019020000 Separating rubber layers from other layers, e.g. separating rubber layers from canvas layers of tyres; Splitting or cutting used tyres B29H0019022000 by means of tools which are moved round the work B29H0019024000 by means of tools which are arranged stationary while work is moved B29H0019040000 Recovery of fibrous material from vulcanised rubber, e.g. from tyres (rough separation of layers B29H0019020000);; B29H0019060000 Pulverising waste rubber B29H0021000000 Other mechanical processing or treatment of rubber B29H0021010000 Devices for rasping, e.g. of treads of tyres B29H0021020000 Decorating; Marking; Applying colour B29H0021040000 Preventing sticking of rubber-articles to each other or to other articles, e.g. by treatment with talc, by roughening the surface, by means of separators B29H0021060000 Dusting machines B29H0021080000 Cutting grooves in the surface (cutting profiles in treads of tyres B29H0017400000);; B29J SHAPING OR WORKING OF MATERIALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOULDING BOARDS OR ARTICLES FROM WOOD PARTICLES B29J0001000000 Shaping or working of materials, not otherwise provided for B29J0001020000 containing large proportions of fibrous fillers (B29J0005000000 takes precedence);; B29J0001040000 Making leather substitutes, e.g. with leather fillers (consisting of a fibrous web coated with a layer of macromolecular material D06N);; B29J0005000000 Making particle board, fibre board, or articles moulded from wood particles or fibres, with or without added binding agents (with water-setting binding agents B28B;apparatus applicable to plastic materials in general B29C, B29F; composition of the material used, see the relevant chemical class, particularly C08H0015020000; in the manner of paper-making D21J) B29J0005020000 Mixing wood particles with binding agents B29J0005040000 Moulding and subsequent pressing to produce boards or shaped mats (B29J0005080000 takes precedence);;Presses specially designed therefor B29J0005060000 Moulding and subsequent pressing to produce hollow articles, e.g. vessels, casings; Presses specially designed therefor B29J0005080000 Plants for working continuously; Presses specially designed therefor B29J0005100000 in which the compressing means move with the material; Accessories therefor B30 PRESSES B30B PRESSES IN GENERAL B30B0001000000 Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen B30B0001020000 by lever mechanism (by toggle mechanism B30B0001100000);; B30B0001040000 operated by hand or foot B30B0001060000 operated by cams, eccentrics, or cranks B30B0001080000 operated by fluid-pressure means B30B0001100000 by toggle mechanism B30B0001120000 operated by hand or foot B30B0001140000 operated by cams, eccentrics, or cranks B30B0001160000 operated by fluid-pressure means B30B0001180000 by screw means B30B0001200000 driven by hand B30B0001220000 driven through friction disc means B30B0001240000 by rack-and-pinion means B30B0001260000 by cams, eccentrics, or cranks B30B0001280000 the cam, crank, or eccentric being disposed below the lower platen or table and operating to pull down the upper platen or slide B30B0001300000 by the pull of chains or ropes B30B0001320000 by plungers under fluid pressure B30B0001340000 involving a plurality of plungers acting on the platen (gas operated B30B0001380000);; B30B0001360000 having telescoping plungers (gas operated B30B0001380000);; B30B0001380000 wherein the plungers are operated by pressure of a gas, e.g. steam, air B30B0001400000 by wedge means B30B0003000000 Presses characterised by the use of rotary pressing members, e.g. rollers, rings, discs B30B0003020000 co-operating with a fixed member B30B0003040000 co-operating with one another, e.g. with co-operating cones B30B0003060000 arranged one within another, e.g. with a roller disposed within a rotating ring and co-operating with the inner surface thereof B30B0005000000 Presses characterised by the use of pressing means other than those mentioned in the preceding groups B30B0005020000 wherein the pressing means is in the form of a flexible diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure B30B0005040000 wherein the pressing means is in the form of an endless band B30B0005060000 co-operating with another endless band B30B0007000000 Presses characterised by a particular arrangement of the pressing members B30B0007020000 having several platens arranged one above the other B30B0007040000 wherein pressing is effected in different directions simultaneously or in turn B30B0009000000 Presses specially adapted for particular purposes B30B0009020000 for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material (household machines A47J;expelling water from textile fabrics or laundry D06C, D06F; drying F26) B30B0009040000 using press rams B30B0009060000 co-operating with permeable casings or strainers B30B0009080000 co-operating with a rotary casing B30B0009100000 without use of a casing B30B0009120000 using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing B30B0009140000 operating with only one screw or worm B30B0009160000 operating with two or more screws or worms B30B0009180000 with means for adjusting the outlet for the solid B30B0009200000 using rotary pressing members, other than worms or screws, e.g. rollers, rings, discs B30B0009220000 using a flexible diaphragm urged by fluid pressure B30B0009240000 using an endless pressing band B30B0009260000 Permeable casings or strainers B30B0009280000 for forming shaped articles (from material in powder, granular, or paste form, e.g. briquetting presses B30B0011000000);; B30B0009300000 for baling; Compression boxes therefor (baling hay, straw, or the like A01F);; B30B0009320000 for consolidating scrap metal or for compacting used cars B30B0011000000 Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in powder, granular or paste form, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses (for clay or mixtures containing cement B28B;for plastics B29) B30B0011020000 using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space B30B0011040000 co-operating with a fixed mould B30B0011060000 each charge of the material being compressed against the previously formed body B30B0011080000 co-operating with moulds carried by a turn-table B30B0011100000 intermittently rotated B30B0011120000 co-operating with moulds on the circumference of a rotating drum B30B0011140000 co-operating with moulds on a movable carrier other than a turn-table or a rotating drum B30B0011160000 using pocketed rollers, e.g. two co-operating pocketed rollers B30B0011180000 using profiled rollers B30B0011200000 Roller-and-ring machines, i.e. with roller disposed within a ring and co-operating with the inner surface of the ring B30B0011220000 Extrusion presses; Dies therefor (extruding by the use of roller-and-ring machines B30B0011200000);; B30B0011240000 using screws or worms B30B0011260000 using press rams B30B0011280000 using perforated rollers or discs B30B0011300000 using directly-acting fluid pressure B30B0011320000 involving the use of very high pressures, e.g. for the formation of artificial diamonds; Moulds or dies therefor B30B0011340000 for coating articles, e.g. tablets B30B0013000000 Methods of pressing not special to the use of presses of any one of the preceding groups B30B0015000000 Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing (safety devices F16P);; B30B0015020000 Dies; Inserts therefor; Mountings thereof; Moulds (extrusion dies B30B0011220000);; B30B0015040000 Frames; Guides B30B0015060000 Platens or press rams B30B0015080000 Accessory tools, e.g. knives; Mountings therefor B30B0015100000 Brakes specially adapted for presses (brakes in general F16D);; B30B0015120000 Clutches specially adapted for presses (clutches in general F16D);; B30B0015140000 Control arrangements for mechanically-driven presses B30B0015160000 Control arrangements for fluid-driven presses (pumps per F04;hydraulic accumulators per F15B; valves per F16K; control devices in general G05) B30B0015180000 controlling the reciprocating motion of the ram B30B0015200000 controlling the speed of the ram, e.g. the speed of the approach, pressing or return strokes B30B0015220000 controlling the degree of pressure applied by the ram during the pressing stroke B30B0015240000 controlling the movement of a plurality of actuating members to maintain parallel movement of the platen or press beam B30B0015260000 Programme control arrangements B30B0015280000 Arrangements for preventing distortion of, or damage to, presses or parts thereof B30B0015300000 Feeding material to presses B30B0015320000 Discharging presses B30B0015340000 Heating or cooling presses or parts thereof B31 MAKING PAPER ARTICLES; WORKING PAPER (making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard B32B);; B31B MAKING BOXES, CARTONS, ENVELOPES OR BAGS (combined making and filling B65B);; B31B0001000000 Box, carton, envelope or bag making machinery characterised by performing specific operations (machinery for performing operations of general application, see the appropriate sub-classes);; B31B0001020000 Feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0001040000 Feeding sheets or blanks B31B0001060000 from stacks B31B0001080000 during envelope- or bag-making operations B31B0001100000 Feeding or positioning webs B31B0001120000 by air pressure or suction B31B0001140000 Cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0001160000 Cutting webs to form sheets or blanks B31B0001180000 Slitting webs longitudinally B31B0001200000 Cutting sheets or blanks B31B0001220000 Notching; Trimming edges of flaps B31B0001240000 Making window openings B31B0001260000 Folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0001280000 around mandrels, including bottom-forming operations B31B0001300000 the mandrels moving B31B0001320000 in circular paths B31B0001340000 about their own axes B31B0001360000 by continuously feeding same to stationary members, e.g. plates, ploughs, cores B31B0001380000 the members being forming-tubes B31B0001400000 acting internally B31B0001420000 acting externally B31B0001440000 by plungers moving through folding dies B31B0001460000 and interconnecting side walls during such movement B31B0001480000 by folding or tucking in locking flaps B31B0001500000 by interengaging tongues and slots B31B0001520000 by reciprocating or oscillating members, e.g. fingers other than plungers and dies B31B0001540000 operating on moving material B31B0001560000 by rotary members co-operating with blades B31B0001580000 by moving endless belts B31B0001600000 Uniting opposed surfaces or edges; Taping B31B0001620000 by adhesives B31B0001640000 by applying heat or pressure B31B0001660000 high-frequency electric heating B31B0001680000 by stitching, stapling, or riveting B31B0001700000 by corner stapling B31B0001720000 by applying and securing strips or sheets B31B0001740000 Auxiliary operations B31B0001760000 Opening and distending flattened articles B31B0001780000 mechanically B31B0001800000 pneumatically B31B0001820000 Attaching windows B31B0001840000 Forming valves or applying valve inserts B31B0001860000 Forming integral handles or mounting separate handles (making separate handles by multi-step processes B31D0001060000);; B31B0001880000 Printing or embossing B31B0001900000 Attaching accessories not otherwise provided for, e.g. opening or closure devices, tear strings B31B0001920000 Delivering B31B0001940000 singly or in succession B31B0001960000 in overlapping arrangement B31B0001980000 in stacks or bundles B31B0003000000 Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons by folding single-piece sheets, blanks, or webs (B31B0005000000 takes precedence);; B31B0003020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0003140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0003260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0003600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0003740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0005000000 Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons by folding single-piece sheets which can be set-up from a collapsed condition, including setting-up and recollapsing to break creases B31B0005020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs B31B0005140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0005260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0005600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0005740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0007000000 Machinery characterised by making lined or internally-reinforced boxes or cartons (B31B0011000000 takes precedence);; B31B0007020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0007140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0007260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0007600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0007740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0009000000 Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons having shouldered walls B31B0009020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0009140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0009260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0009600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0009740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0011000000 Machinery characterised by making boxes or cartons having partitions or like inserts not integral with walls (making partitions, inserts, or reinforcements for boxes or cartons B31D);; B31B0011020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0011140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0011260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0011600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0011740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0013000000 Machinery characterised by assembling drawer-and-shell boxes or cartons B31B0013020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0013140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0013260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0013600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0013740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0015000000 Machinery characterised by making covered or externally-reinforced boxes or cartons B31B0015020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0015140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0015260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0015600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0015740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0017000000 Machinery characterised by making other boxes or cartons by assembling several separate sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0017020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0017140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0017260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0017600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0017740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0019000000 Machinery characterised by making rectangular envelopes or bags of that form, i.e. without structural provision at the base for thickness of contents (B31B0021000000, B31B0023000000 take precedence);; B31B0019020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0019140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0019260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0019600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0019740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0021000000 Machinery characterised by making rectangular envelopes or bags of flat form, i.e. without structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes B31B0021020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs B31B0021140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0021260000 and having means for folding sheets or blanks B31B0021600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0021740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0023000000 Machinery characterised by making rectangular envelopes or bags of flat form, i.e. without structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from webs, e.g. from flattened tubular webs (machinery characterised by cutting sheets or blanks from webs and working them to form such envelopes or bags B31B0021000000);; B31B0023020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs B31B0023140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0023260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs B31B0023600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0023740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0025000000 Machinery characterised by making pointed or tapered envelopes or bags B31B0025020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0025140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0025260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0025600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0025740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0027000000 Machinery characterised by making interconnected envelopes or bags B31B0027020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0027140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0027260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0027600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0027740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0029000000 Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness or contents (B31B0031000000-B31B0037000000; take precedence);; B31B0029020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0029140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0029260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0029600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0029740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0031000000 Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes (B31B0033000000, B31B0035000000 take precedence);; B31B0031020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs B31B0031140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0031260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs B31B0031600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0031740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0033000000 Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes, the longitudinal axes of the envelopes or bags being parallel to the direction in which the sheets or blanks are fed B31B0033020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs B31B0033140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0033260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs B31B0033600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0033740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0035000000 Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from sheets or blanks, e.g. from flattened tubes, the longitudinal axes of the envelopes or bags being perpendicular to the direction in which the sheets or blanks are fed B31B0035020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs B31B0035140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0035260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs B31B0035600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0035740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0037000000 Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags with structural provision at the base for thickness of contents, from webs, e.g. from tubular webs (machinery characterised by cutting sheets and blanks from webs and working them to form such envelopes or bags B31B0031000000);; B31B0037020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks or webs B31B0037140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0037260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs B31B0037600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0037740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0039000000 Machinery characterised by making lined envelopes or bags B31B0039020000 and having means for feed or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0039140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0039260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs B31B0039600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0039740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0041000000 Machinery characterised by making envelopes or bags of other specific form or construction B31B0041020000 and having means for feeding or positioning sheets, blanks, or webs B31B0041140000 and having means for cutting, e.g. perforating, punching, slitting, trimming B31B0041260000 and having means for folding sheets, blanks or webs B31B0041600000 and having means for uniting opposed surfaces or edges, or for taping B31B0041740000 and having means for effecting auxiliary operations B31B0043000000 Machinery characterised by making containers by shaping, otherwise than by folding, sheet material under pressure B31B0045000000 Machinery characterised by making containers having corrugated or pleated walls B31B0047000000 Hand tools for making envelopes, bags, boxes or cartons B31B0047020000 for making envelopes or bags without preshaped bottoms B31B0047040000 for making envelopes or bags with preshaped bottoms B31B0049000000 Processes not otherwise provided for (processes dependent on the use of specific machinery B31B0001000000-B31B0045000000; forms or constructions of boxes, cartons, envelopes, or bags B65D) B31B0049020000 for making boxes or cartons B31B0049040000 for making envelopes or bags B31C MAKING WOUND ARTICLES, e.g. WOUND TUBES B31C0001000000 Forming paper tubes or pipes by feeding at right angles to the winding mandrel centre line B31C0001020000 Machines therefor having additional mandrels B31C0001040000 and forming a tube end into a container bottom B31C0001060000 and inserting into a tube end a bottom to form a container B31C0001080000 Accessories of machines therefor not otherwise provided for B31C0003000000 Forming paper tubes or pipes by feeding obliquely to the winding mandrel centre line B31C0003020000 and inserting into a tube end a bottom to form a container B31C0003040000 Seam processing B31C0005000000 Forming paper tubes or pipes without mandrels B31C0007000000 Forming conical paper articles by winding (winding blanks B31B);; B31C0007020000 Forming truncated cones B31C0007040000 on two or more mandrels B31C0007060000 and inserting into a cone end a bottom to form a container B31C0007080000 Forming pointed cones B31C0007100000 on two or more mandrels B31C0009000000 Simultaneous forming of cylindrical and conical shapes by winding separate webs, e.g. forming bottles (winding blanks B31B);; B31C0011000000 Paper-winding machinery combined with other machinery B31C0011020000 for additionally shaping the articles B31C0011040000 for applying impregnating by coating-substances during the winding B31C0011060000 for drying the wound and impregnated articles B31C0013000000 Making wound articles not otherwise provided for B31D MAKING OTHER PAPER ARTICLES (making articles from wood fibre B29J0005000000;making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard B32B; making cardboard and paper D21F, D21H, making articles from wood pulp D21J) B31D0001000000 Multiple-step processes for making flat articles B31D0001020000 the articles being labels or tags (means and processes for attaching threads D05);; B31D0001040000 the articles being napkins, handkerchiefs, towels, doilies, or the like B31D0001060000 the articles being handles B31D0003000000 Making articles of cellular structure, e.g. insulating board B31D0003020000 honeycombed structures B31D0003040000 cellular packaging articles, e.g. for bottles B31D0005000000 Multiple-step processes for making three-dimensional articles (assembly of garlands A41G0001000000;making receptacles or containers B31B; making tubes B31B, B31C) B31D0005020000 including pressing B31D0005040000 including folding or pleating, e.g. Chinese lanterns B31F MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER OR CARDBOARD (cutting, trimming B26;making layered products not composed wholly of paper or cardboard B32B; multi-ply material its manufacture D21H) B31F0001000000 Mechanical deformation of paper or cardboard without removing material including combined deformation and laminating (superficial embossing combined with printing B41;superficial embossing not combined with printing B44B; mechanical deformation during paper or board making D21; kinds of paper or board D21) B31F0001080000 Creasing or crumpling to produce multiple fold lines other than corrugating or zig-zag folding B31F0001100000 by rotary tools B31F0001120000 Crêping paper B31F0001140000 by doctor blades arranged crosswise to the web B31F0001160000 by elastic belts B31F0001180000 by tools arranged in the direction of web feed B31F0001200000 Corrugating; Corrugating combined with laminating (corrugating veneer B27D);; B31F0001220000 Making webs with undulations across the webs B31F0001240000 Making webs with undulations in the direction of web feed B31F0001260000 by toothed cylinders B31F0001280000 combined with uniting the corrugated webs to flat webs B31F0001300000 Tools secured to endless chains B31F0001320000 Corrugating already corrugated webs B31F0001360000 Moistening and heating webs to facilitate mechanical deformation and drying deformed webs B31F0005000000 Splicing paper or cardboard sheets, strips, or webs; Reinforcing edges of paper or cardboard (means for applying adhesive or glue B05C;stapling in box or like making B31B; apparatus for splicing webs B65H0021000000) B31F0005020000 by crimpling or slotting B31F0005040000 by exclusive use of adhesives B31F0005060000 by adhesive tape B31F0005080000 for reinforcing edges B31F0007000000 Processes for working paper not otherwise provided for B31F0007020000 Breaking the coating on paper B32 LAYERED PRODUCTS B32B LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM B32B0001000000 Layered products essentially having a general shape other than plane B32B0001020000 Receptacles, e.g. tanks B32B0001040000 characterised by feature of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions B32B0001060000 characterised by fillings or added members in hollow portions B32B0001080000 Tubular products B32B0001100000 Methods specially adapted for forming such products, e.g. by applying layers successively to a shaped base B32B0003000000 Layered products essentially comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form (continuous layers of fibres or filaments B32B0005020000;foamed layers B32B0005180000); Layered products essentially having particular features of form (B32B0001000000 takes precedence);; B32B0003020000 characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions B32B0003040000 characterised by a layer folded at the edge, e.g. over another layer B32B0003060000 for securing layers together; for attaching the product to another member, e.g. to a support (use or provision of nails, stitches, or similar separate fastening elements for these purposes B32B0007080000);; B32B0003080000 characterised by added members at particular parts B32B0003100000 characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. apertured or formed of separate pieces of material B32B0003120000 characterised by a layer of regularly-arranged cells whether integral or formed individually or by conjunction of separate strips, e.g. honeycomb structure B32B0003140000 characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material B32B0003160000 secured to a flexible backing B32B0003180000 characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material B32B0003200000 of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities B32B0003220000 of spaced pieces B32B0003240000 characterised by an apertured layer, e.g. of expanded metal (layer of netting or fibres B32B0005020000);; B32B0003260000 characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids (regular cells B32B0003120000);; B32B0003280000 characterised by a layer comprising a deformed thin sheet, e.g. corrugated, crumpled B32B0003300000 characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. grooved, ribbed B32B0005000000 Layered products characterised by the non-homogeneity or physical structure of a layer (B32B0009000000-B32B0029000000; take precedence);; B32B0005020000 Layered products characterised by structural features of a layer comprising fibres or filaments (layer of fibrous particles, e.g. chopped-up fibres, B32B0005160000);; B32B0005040000 characterised by a layer being specifically extensible by reason of its structure or arrangement B32B0005060000 characterised by a fibrous layer needled to another layer, e.g. of fibres, of paper B32B0005080000 the fibres or filaments of a layer being specially arranged or being of different substances B32B0005100000 characterised by a fibrous layer reinforced with filaments B32B0005120000 characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of adjacent layers B32B0005140000 characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces B32B0005160000 characterised by features of a layer formed of particles, e.g. chips, chopped fibres, powder B32B0005180000 characterised by features of a layer containing foamed or specifically porous material B32B0005200000 foamed ; in situ B32B0005220000 characterised by the presence of two or more layers which comprise fibres, filaments, granules, or powder, or are foamed or specifically porous B32B0005240000 one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0005260000 another layer also being fibrous or filamentary B32B0005280000 impregnated with or embedded in a plastic substance B32B0005300000 one layer comprising granules or powder B32B0005320000 both layers being foamed or specifically porous B32B0007000000 Layered products characterised by the relation between layers, i. e. products essentially comprising layers having different physical properties and products characterised by the interconnection of layers (in respect of orientation of features, see the relevant groups for the features concerned, e.g. B32B0005020000 for direction of fibres;in respect of substances B32B0009000000-B32B0029000000) B32B0007020000 in respect of physical properties, e.g. hardness B32B0007040000 characterised by the connection of layers B32B0007060000 permitting easy separation B32B0007080000 by mechanical connection, e.g. stitching (by interengagement of layers B32B0003000000, e.g. B32B0003040000, B32B0003060000, B32B0003300000;by needling fibrous layers B32B0005060000) B32B0007100000 one or both of the layers having adhesive or inter-reactive properties B32B0007120000 using an adhesive B32B0007140000 applied in stripes or other spaced arrangement B32B0009000000 Products essentially comprising a particular substance not covered by groups ; B32B0011000000-B32B0029000000 B32B0009020000 comprising animal or vegetable substances B32B0009040000 comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0009060000 of paper or cardboard B32B0011000000 Products essentially comprising bituminous or tarry substances B32B0011020000 with fibres or particles embedded in it or bonded with it B32B0011040000 comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0011060000 of paper or cardboard B32B0011080000 of metal B32B0011100000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0011120000 next to a particulate layer B32B0013000000 Products essentially comprising a water-setting substance, e.g. concrete, plaster, asbestos cement, or like builders' material B32B0013020000 with fibres or particles embedded in it or bonded with it B32B0013040000 comprising such substances as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0013060000 of metal B32B0013080000 of paper or cardboard B32B0013100000 of wood; of wood particle board B32B0013120000 of synthetic resin B32B0013140000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0015000000 Products essentially comprising metal B32B0015020000 in a form other than a sheet, e.g. wire, particles B32B0015040000 comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0015060000 of rubber B32B0015080000 of synthetic resin B32B0015100000 of wood B32B0015120000 of paper or cardboard B32B0015140000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0015160000 next to a particulate layer B32B0015180000 comprising iron or steel B32B0015200000 comprising aluminium or copper B32B0017000000 Products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag or like fibres B32B0017020000 in the form of fibres or filaments B32B0017040000 bonded with or embedded in a plastic substance B32B0017060000 comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0017080000 of cellulosic plastic substance B32B0017100000 of synthetic resin B32B0017120000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0019000000 Products essentially comprising natural mineral fibres or particles, e.g. asbestos, mica B32B0019020000 bonded with or embedded in a plastic substance B32B0019040000 next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0019060000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0019080000 comprising asbestos B32B0021000000 Products essentially comprising wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board B32B0021020000 in the form of fibres, chips, or particles B32B0021040000 comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0021060000 of paper or cardboard B32B0021080000 of synthetic resin; of fibre-reinforced resin B32B0021100000 Next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0021120000 next to a particulate layer B32B0021140000 comprising wood board or veneer B32B0023000000 Products essentially comprising cellulosic plastic substances B32B0023020000 in the form of fibres or filaments B32B0023040000 comprising such substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0023060000 of paper or cardboard B32B0023080000 of synthetic resin B32B0023100000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0023120000 next to a particulate layer B32B0023140000 characterised by containing special compounding ingredients B32B0023160000 modifying agents B32B0023180000 fillers B32B0023200000 comprising esters B32B0023220000 comprising ethers B32B0025000000 Products essentially comprising natural or synthetic rubber B32B0025020000 with fibres or particles embedded in it or bonded with it B32B0025040000 comprising rubber as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0025060000 of paper or cardboard B32B0025080000 of synthetic resin B32B0025100000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0025120000 comprising natural rubber B32B0025140000 comprising copolymers in which synthetic rubber constituents predominate B32B0025160000 comprising polydienes or poly-halodienes B32B0025180000 comprising butyl or halobutyl rubber B32B0025200000 comprising silicone rubber B32B0027000000 Products essentially comprising synthetic resin B32B0027020000 in the form of fibres or filaments B32B0027040000 as impregnant, bonding, or embedding substance B32B0027060000 as the main or only constituent of a layer next to another layer of a specific substance B32B0027080000 of synthetic resin of a different kind B32B0027100000 of paper or cardboard B32B0027120000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0027140000 next to a particulate layer B32B0027160000 specially treated, e.g. irradiated B32B0027180000 characterised by the use of special additives B32B0027200000 using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents B32B0027220000 using plasticisers B32B0027240000 using solvents or swelling agents B32B0027260000 using curing agents B32B0027280000 comprising copolymers of synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the following sub-groups B32B0027300000 comprising vinyl resin; comprising acrylic resin B32B0027320000 comprising polyolefins B32B0027340000 comprising polyamides B32B0027360000 comprising polyesters B32B0027380000 comprising epoxy resin B32B0027400000 comprising polyurethanes B32B0027420000 comprising melamine, urea, phenol, or similar aldehyde condensation resins B32B0029000000 Products essentially comprising paper or cardboard B32B0029020000 next to a fibrous or filamentary layer B32B0029040000 next to a particulate layer B32B0029060000 specially treated, e.g. surfaced, parchmentised B32B0031000000 Making layered products (making non-planar products B32B0001000000;making products characterised by particular features of structure or of composition, see the relevant groups for such products); B32B0031020000 involving assembly of a non-flat intermediate product, e.g. forming a tube and then flattening it B32B0031040000 characterised by assembling pre-formed layers B32B0031060000 accompanied by formation of a layer between them B32B0031080000 involving the assembly of two or more webs of indefinite length B32B0031100000 involving the assembly of a web or webs together with a succession of separate panels or pieces of material B32B0031120000 combined with coating or other treatment of a layer before or during assembly B32B0031140000 characterised by treatment of assembled layers B32B0031160000 mechanically B32B0031180000 by cutting or otherwise severing B32B0031200000 by pressing, with or without heat B32B0031220000 by surface treatment B32B0031240000 non-mechanically B32B0031260000 by heat (B32B0031200000 takes precedence);; B32B0031280000 by radiation other than infra-red B32B0031300000 characterised by layered material being formed by means of extruding apparatus B32B0033000000 Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings (surface unevennesses or non-uniformities B32B0003000000);;Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class B32B0035000000 Operations or devices concerned specially with layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for repairing B41 PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS B41B MACHINES OR ACCESSORIES FOR MAKING, SETTING, OR DISTRIBUTING TYPE; TYPE; PHOTOGRAPHIC OR PHOTOELECTRONIC COMPOSING DEVICES (photographic devices in general G03);; B41B0001000000 Elements or appliances for hand composition; Chases, quoins, or galleys B41B0001020000 Printing letters; Type B41B0001040000 Quadrats or quads; Spaces or other justifiers B41B0001060000 for special purposes B41B0001080000 for inserting latest news B41B0001100000 for inserting advertisements B41B0001120000 for setting musical notations B41B0001140000 Composing rules, e.g. of brass B41B0001160000 Reglets B41B0001180000 Chases B41B0001200000 Quoins or other binding means B41B0001220000 Composing tables; Type cases; Storage cabinets; Washing or cleaning devices therefor B41B0001240000 Washing or cleaning devices B41B0001260000 Composing or setting sticks B41B0001280000 Galleys B41B0003000000 Apparatus for mechanical composition using prefabricated type, i.e. without casting equipment B41B0003020000 Mechanical composing machines using single types or logotypes and having slide magazines therefor, e.g. flat, cylindrical, radial, single magazines B41B0003040000 Means for distributing type B41B0003060000 Justifying means B41B0005000000 Devices for making type or lines (for mechanical composition B41B0007000000, B41B0009000000, B41B0011000000);; B41B0005020000 Matrices B41B0005040000 Casting devices B41B0005060000 mechanically operated B41B0005080000 Tools or auxiliaries B41B0005100000 for polishing or finishing type B41B0005120000 for making type in the form of lines, e.g. by drawing or casting B41B0005140000 for cutting spaces B41B0007000000 Kinds or types of apparatus for mechanical composition in which the type is cast or moulded from matrices B41B0007020000 operating with fixed combinations of matrices (details B41B0009000000);; B41B0007040000 for casting individual characters or spaces, e.g. "monotype" machines B41B0007060000 for composing, justifying, and casting complete lines of matrices, e.g. "monoline" machines B41B0007080000 operating with separate matrices for individual characters or spaces which are selected and assembled (details B41B0011000000);; B41B0007100000 in which a line is composed of matrices and in which single types or spaces are cast, e.g. stringer type B41B0007120000 in which a justified line is composed of matrices and a type line is cast in one piece B41B0007140000 the matrices being composed by hand B41B0007160000 the lines of matrices being composed and justified by machine operation, e.g. "linotype", "intertype" machines B41B0007180000 the matrices being guided by wires, e.g. "typograph" machines B41B0009000000 Details of, or accessories for, machines for mechanical composition using fixed combinations of matrices from which type is cast or moulded B41B0009020000 Combinations of matrices B41B0009040000 Carriers for combinations of matrices, e.g. blocks, cylinders, wheels, bars B41B0009060000 Mechanisms for effecting relative movements of matrix carriers and moulds for character or space selection B41B0009080000 Moulding or casting devices B41B0009100000 Moulds B41B0009120000 Justifying devices B41B0009140000 Supply devices for molten metal B41B0009160000 Devices for handling type after casting B41B0009180000 Ejector mechanisms B41B0009200000 Trimming devices B41B0011000000 Details of, or accessories for, machines for mechanical composition using matrices for individual characters which are selected and assembled for type casting or moulding B41B0011020000 Matrices B41B0011040000 Space bands B41B0011060000 Storage devices for matrices or space bands B41B0011080000 Magazines for matrices B41B0011100000 for composing by hand B41B0011120000 Attachment of magazines to machines; Magazine-selection or magazine-shift mechanisms B41B0011140000 with escapement devices B41B0011160000 Boxes for space bands; Escapements or guides for releasing space bands B41B0011180000 Devices or arrangements for assembling matrices and space bands B41B0011200000 Assembler guide channels B41B0011220000 Assembler cover plates or framework B41B0011240000 Belt conveyers co-operating with assembler guides B41B0011260000 Devices for feeding or guiding space bands into association with matrices B41B0011280000 Star wheels or other stacking devices for matrices and space bands; Guides associated therewith B41B0011300000 Assembler elevators or associated mechanisms, e.g. braking devices, retaining pawls, line resistants, delivery slides B41B0011320000 Transfer channels or line-delivery carriages B41B0011340000 First elevators or associated mechanisms B41B0011360000 for presenting matrices or space bands directly to moulds B41B0011380000 Devices for aligning or clamping lines of matrices and space bands B41B0011400000 Jaw clamps; Operating devices therefor B41B0011420000 for quadding and centring B41B0011440000 for justifying B41B0011460000 Aligning devices B41B0011480000 Cleaning devices for aligning jaws B41B0011500000 Vice frames; Devices for relasing or locking B41B0011520000 Moulding or casting devices or associated mechanisms B41B0011540000 Moulds; Liners therefor B41B0011560000 Mould wheels; Slides or driving gear therefor B41B0011580000 with locking wedges B41B0011600000 adjustable or removable B41B0011620000 with interchangeable moulds B41B0011640000 with a series of moulds and mechanism for selecting individual moulds B41B0011660000 mounted on reciprocable carriages B41B0011680000 with provision for adjusting length or width of slot; with a plurality of slots B41B0011700000 for casting type-bars of special form, e.g. with projections B41B0011720000 Devices for trimming type-bars; Cleaning devices for trimming knives; Ejectors for type-bars B41B0011740000 Devices for supplying molten metal B41B0011760000 Pots B41B0011780000 movable towards, and away from, mould B41B0011800000 with stirrers or means for removing dross B41B0011820000 associated with mechanisms for introducing metal in solid form B41B0011840000 Throats or mouthpieces; Wipers for mouthpieces B41B0011860000 Heaters for pots; Temperature-control devices B41B0011880000 Pumps; Stop-motions or safety devices therefor B41B0011900000 Arrangements or devices for distributing matrices or space bands after casting or moulding B41B0011920000 Second elevators B41B0011940000 Screw conveyers B41B0011960000 Devices for cooling or cleaning matrices B41B0013000000 Equipment specially adapted for photographing mounted characters or the like, e.g. advertisements, lines B41B0013020000 the characters being composed or mounted by hand, and photographed simultaneously B41B0013040000 with means for justifying B41B0013060000 by elastic or extensible type-line carriers B41B0013080000 by optical line correction B41B0013100000 the characters being progressively photographed one by one B41B0015000000 Photographic composing machines with movable character carriers for composing lines of characters prior to photography B41B0015020000 with means for photographing complete lines B41B0015040000 and with carriers for individual characters B41B0015060000 and with carriers for complete sets of characters, e.g. slidable elongated members, rotary wheels B41B0015080000 with means for photographing composed characters in succession B41B0015100000 Details B41B0015120000 Character carriers; Cleaning devices therefor B41B0015140000 with a single character, or with combinations of different styles of a single character B41B0015160000 with combinations of different characters B41B0015180000 with parts of characters for building up complex characters, e.g. oriental characters B41B0015200000 Devices for handling or storing character carriers B41B0015220000 Magazines B41B0015240000 for justifying purposes B41B0015260000 for repeating a character B41B0015280000 Photographic devices (in general G03);; B41B0015300000 Composing cameras B41B0015320000 Film-handling mechanisms (in general B65H);; B41B0015340000 Adjusting enlargement or register; Correcting exposure time B41B0017000000 Photographic composing machines having fixed or movable character carriers and without means for composing lines prior to photography B41B0017020000 with manually-adjustable character carriers to enable characters to be photographed in succession B41B0017040000 with a carrier for all characters in at least one fount B41B0017060000 with an adjustable carrier B41B0017080000 with a fixed carrier B41B0017100000 with a continuously-movable carrier B41B0017120000 with means for moving the photographic path for photographing characters, e.g. intermittently B41B0017140000 continuously B41B0017160000 with means for moving the film in its plane for photographing characters in succession B41B0017180000 Details B41B0017200000 Character carriers; Cleaning devices therefor B41B0017220000 with a single character; with a single character in more than one style B41B0017240000 with all characters B41B0017260000 on belts B41B0017280000 on polygonal rods B41B0017300000 on a sheet of square or rectangular shape B41B0017320000 on a flat disc B41B0017340000 on a cylinder B41B0017360000 with selection indicators B41B0017380000 with means for indicating the width B41B0017400000 in caliper form B41B0017420000 in coded form B41B0019000000 Photoelectronic composing machines having electron-beam tubes or charactrons producing an image of at least one character which is photographed B41B0019020000 the characters appearing on the screen in succession B41B0019040000 at the same place B41B0019060000 at different predetermined places B41B0019080000 with combinations of characters appearing on the screen at the same time B41B0019100000 in unbroken lines or columns B41B0019120000 in broken lines or columns B41B0019140000 and presenting a text of more than one line B41B0019160000 Character carriers associated with electron-beam tubes B41B0021000000 Common details of photographic composing machines of the kinds covered in groups ; B41B0017000000 and B41B0019000000 B41B0021020000 Shutters in optical systems (in general G03B);; B41B0021040000 for selecting characters B41B0021060000 for adjusting exposures B41B0021080000 Light sources; Devices associated therewith, e.g. control devices B41B0021100000 Single light sources B41B0021120000 Stroboscopic light sources B41B0021140000 Combinations of light sources B41B0021160000 Optical systems (shutters B41B0021020000;light sources B41B0021080000) B41B0021180000 defining a single optical path B41B0021200000 with means for moving stepwise B41B0021220000 with means for moving continuously B41B0021240000 defining multiple optical paths B41B0021260000 with means for selecting individual optical light-paths B41B0021280000 with means for fount selection B41B0021300000 Electron-beam tubes or charactrons (in general H01J0031000000);; B41B0021320000 Film carriers; Film-conveying or -positioning devices B41B0021340000 with positioning mechanisms B41B0021360000 for feeding films stepwise in line direction B41B0021380000 for feeding films continuously in line direction B41B0021400000 for line spacing B41B0021420000 for subscript or superscript notation B41B0021440000 adjustable for enlarging purposes B41B0023000000 Auxiliary devices for modifying, mixing, or correcting text or layout in connection with photographic or photoelectronic composing B41B0023020000 for mixing by line-by-line projection of parts of texts from a number of films on to another B41B0023040000 for facilitating hand correction of texts B41B0023060000 for correcting texts by removing incorrect lines from one film and splicing-in corrected lines from another film B41B0025000000 Apparatus specially adapted for preparation of record carriers for controlling composing machines (methods for marking or reproducing record carriers having digital data thereon in general G06K, e.g. G06K0001000000);; B41B0025100000 incorporating devices for line justification, e.g. counting and indicating devices for length of line B41B0025120000 comprising elements which circulate from and to magazines B41B0025140000 operating without space bands B41B0025160000 using a binary code for the width of the matrices B41B0025180000 combined with type-setting machines B41B0025200000 Auxiliary devices; Devices serving special purposes B41B0025220000 for indicating length of line B41B0025240000 for error correction B41B0025260000 for changing the fount of type B41B0027000000 Control, indicating, or safety devices or systems for composing machines of various kinds or types (computers in general G06F);; B41B0027020000 Systems for controlling all operations B41B0027040000 Keyboards B41B0027060000 operable by input of recorded or stored information, e.g. on punched tapes B41B0027080000 from several sources B41B0027100000 with direct control of all operations by input of recorded or stored information B41B0027120000 on tapes B41B0027140000 on punched tapes B41B0027160000 on magnetic tapes B41B0027180000 from memory devices B41B0027200000 from electromagnetic devices, e.g. memory matrices B41B0027220000 from several sources B41B0027240000 of several associated machines B41B0027260000 with means for temporarily arresting input of recorded or stored information to introduce time delays B41B0027280000 Control, indicating, or safety devices for individual operations or machine elements (in devices for supplying molten metal B41B0011860000, B41B0011880000;for light sources B41B0021080000) B41B0027300000 for arresting or varying speed of one operation in response to failure or variation in speed of another operation B41B0027320000 for line-justification operations B41B0027340000 without the use of space bands B41B0027360000 using electronic devices B41B0027380000 for measuring length of composed lines; for reading composed characters B41B0027400000 for proof-printing operations B41B0027410000 Printing mechanisms coupled to typographical composing machines B41B0027420000 for controlling selection of shifting of matrix magazines B41B0027440000 for controlling assembly of matrices and space bands B41B0027460000 for controlling insertion of space bands (for line justification B41B0027320000);; B41B0027480000 for deleting errors or inserting corrections B41B0027500000 operated by coupled machines B41C PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE AND REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES (photomechanical processes for producing printing surfaces G03F;photoelectrical processes for producing printing surfaces G03G) B41C0001000000 Forme preparation B41C0001020000 Engraving B41C0001040000 with a tool electrically controlled by a photoelectric scanning device B41C0001060000 Transferring B41C0001080000 by embossing, e.g. with a typewriter B41C0001100000 for lithographic or offset printing B41C0001120000 Multicolour formes B41C0001140000 for stencil printing or silk-screen printing B41C0001160000 Formes with areas rendered ink-resistant by covering with an amalgam B41C0001180000 Curved printing formes or printing cylinders B41C0003000000 Reproduction or duplicating of printing formes B41C0003020000 Stereotyping B41C0003040000 to produce rubber printing blocks B41C0003060000 to produce printing blocks from plastics B41C0003080000 Electrotyping B41D APPARATUS FOR THE MECHANICAL REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES FOR STEREOTYPE PRINTING; SHAPING ELASTIC OR DEFORMABLE MATERIAL TO FORM PRINTING SURFACES (engraving by spark erosion B23P;type, machines, or accessories for making, setting, or distributing type B41B; processes for the manufacture or reproduction of printing surfaces B41C; machines or apparatus for engraving in general, or for embossing B44B0003000000, B44B0005000000; etching metals by electro-chemical processes C23B; by other processes C23F0001000000; photomechanical reproduction G03F) B41D0001000000 Preparing or treating stereotype matrices B41D0001020000 using brushes B41D0001040000 using cylinders or rollers B41D0001060000 using presses, e.g. toggle or like lever-and-link type presses B41D0001080000 using hydraulic presses B41D0001100000 Performing secondary operations on matrices B41D0001120000 Humidifying or moistening B41D0001140000 Drying B41D0003000000 Casting stereotype plates; Machines, moulds, or devices therefor B41D0003020000 Horizontal moulds for casting flat plates B41D0003040000 Moulds, e.g. horizontal, for casting curved, e.g. semi-cylindrical, plates B41D0003060000 Vertical moulds B41D0003080000 Moulds, e.g. horizontal, for casting tubular, i.e. cylindrical, plates B41D0003100000 Vertical moulds B41D0003120000 Multiple-mould stereotype casting machines B41D0003140000 Details B41D0003160000 Matrix clamps B41D0003180000 Devices for closing or opening moulds B41D0003200000 Melting pots B41D0003220000 with pumps for conveying the molten metal into the casting chambers or boxes B41D0003240000 with control valves B41D0003260000 with devices for stirring the molten metal B41D0003280000 Devices for cooling the moulds B41D0005000000 Working, treating, or handling stereotype plates B41D0005020000 by bending B41D0005040000 of flat plates B41D0005060000 of curved plates B41D0007000000 Shaping elastic or deformable material, e.g. rubber, plastics material, to form printing surfaces (making rubber printing blocks B41C0003040000);; B41D0007020000 by impression B41D0007040000 Forming printing surfaces by covering printing forms with a thin elastic skin, e.g. rubber foil, and retaining the latter thereon; Obtaining reduced or enlarged printing surfaces by using thin elastic transfer foils (pantographic instruments for copying, reducing, or enlarging B43L0013100000);; B41F PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES (making of printing surfaces B41C, B41D;manifolding devices, office printing machines B41L; stencilling B41L, B44D; methods of printing not dependent on the use of special machines B41M; thermography B41M0005260000; embossing B44B0005000000; applying transfers or decalcomanias B44C0001160000; handling thin or filamentary material B65H; electrography, electrophotography, magnetography G03G) B41F0001000000 Platen presses, i.e. presses in which printing is effected by at least one essentially-flat pressure-applying member co-operating with a flat type-bed B41F0001020000 Hand-operated platen presses B41F0001040000 for mono-impression printing, e.g. on sheets B41F0001060000 with platen maintained parallel to bed during movement (preparing stereotype matrices using presses B41D0001060000;presses B30B) B41F0001080000 on webs B41F0001100000 for multi-impression printing e.g. on webs multicolour B41F0001120000 on sheets B41F0001140000 using swinging platens, or forme supports B41F0001160000 for offset printing B41F0001180000 for lithography B41F0001200000 for perfecting sheets, i.e. for printing on both sides of sheets B41F0001220000 specially adapted for printing heads, e.g. letter heads B41F0001240000 specially adapted for proof printing B41F0001260000 Details B41F0001280000 Sheet-conveying, -aligning or -clamping devices (in general B65H);; B41F0001300000 using rotary grippers B41F0001320000 using air pressure, e.g. vacuum B41F0001340000 Registering devices, e.g. gauges B41F0001360000 Clamps for conveying sheets and for holding same on the platens B41F0001380000 Platens or type-beds B41F0001400000 Inking units B41F0001420000 using flat inking elements, e.g. discs B41F0001440000 using inking ribbons B41F0001460000 using rollers B41F0001480000 pivoting around the platen or base B41F0001500000 supported on carriages for movement in or on runways B41F0001520000 Carriage driving gear B41F0001540000 Printing-pressure control devices B41F0001560000 Auxiliary devices B41F0001580000 Applications of counting devices for counting sheets B41F0001600000 Safety devices B41F0001620000 for preventing injury to operator B41F0001640000 to the hands of the operator B41F0001660000 responsive to incorrect operating conditions B41F0003000000 Cylinder presses, i.e. presses essentially comprising at least one cylinder co-operating with at least one flat type-bed B41F0003020000 with impression cylinder or cylinders rotating unidirectionally B41F0003040000 intermittently; Stop-cylinder presses B41F0003060000 continuously B41F0003080000 Single-revolution presses B41F0003100000 Two-revolution presses B41F0003120000 Twin presses, i.e. with more than one cylinder or type-bed B41F0003140000 with impression cylinder or cylinders rotating in opposite directions during each working cycle B41F0003160000 Twin presses, i.e. with more than one cylinder or type-bed B41F0003180000 of special construction or for particular purposes B41F0003200000 with fixed type-beds and travelling impression cylinders B41F0003220000 with more than one type-bed B41F0003240000 with cylinders travelling around type-beds having upper and lower printing surfaces B41F0003260000 with type-beds and impression cylinders simultaneously movable relative to one another B41F0003280000 Proof-print presses for relief printing, lithography or intaglio printing, i.e. presses for checking accuracy of printing surfaces B41F0003300000 for lithography (proof-print presses B41F0003280000);; B41F0003320000 Damping devices B41F0003340000 for offset printing B41F0003360000 for intaglio or heliogravure printing (proof-print presses B41F0003280000);; B41F0003380000 Wiping mechanisms B41F0003400000 for perfecting sheets, i.e. for printing on both sides thereof B41F0003420000 for multicolour printing on sheets B41F0003440000 for monocolour or multicolour printing on one side of webs, or for perfecting webs, i.e. monocolour or multicolour printing on both sides of webs B41F0003460000 Details B41F0003480000 Press frames B41F0003500000 Type-beds; Supports therefor; Apparatus for cooling, heating, or drying printing surfaces B41F0003520000 Apparatus for cooling, heating, or drying printing surfaces B41F0003540000 Impression cylinders; Supports therefor (coverings, e.g. blankets B41F0029000000);; B41F0003560000 Devices for adjusting cylinders relative to type-beds and setting in adjusted position B41F0003580000 Driving, synchronising, or control gear B41F0003600000 for type-beds B41F0003620000 Applications of linkwork or gearing for producing reciprocatory or angular motion B41F0003640000 of crank motions B41F0003660000 of rack-and-pinion gearing B41F0003680000 with pinion rotating unidirectionally B41F0003700000 Applications of directly-coupled motors B41F0003720000 of fluid motors B41F0003740000 Applications of clutches B41F0003760000 Applications of braking devices or of devices for stopping type-bed in registered position B41F0003780000 Air cushions B41F0003800000 for impression cylinders B41F0003820000 Auxiliary devices B41F0003840000 Counting devices B41F0003860000 Numbering devices B41F0005000000 Rotary letterpress machines B41F0005020000 for printing on sheets B41F0005040000 for printing on webs B41F0005060000 with several printing units in sequential arrangement B41F0005080000 with several printing units in both superimposed and sequential arrangement B41F0005100000 with several printing units arranged side by side B41F0005120000 for printing on one side and on the other side of webs between the same forme and impression cylinders B41F0005140000 with several impression cylinders arranged around a forme cylinder B41F0005160000 for multicolour printing B41F0005180000 using one impression cylinder co-operating with several forme cylinders B41F0005200000 specially adapted for proof printing B41F0007000000 Rotary lithographic machines B41F0007020000 for offset printing B41F0007040000 using printing units incorporating one forme cylinder, one transfer cylinder, and one impression cylinder, e.g. for printing on webs B41F0007060000 for printing on sheets B41F0007080000 using one transfer cylinder co-operating with several forme cylinders for printing on sheets or webs B41F0007100000 using one impression cylinder co-operating with several transfer cylinders for printing on sheets or webs B41F0007120000 using two cylinders one of which serves two functions, e.g. as a forme and impression cylinder B41F0007140000 with two or more impression cylinders coacting with a single forme cylinder B41F0007160000 for printing on non-deformable material, e.g. sheet metal B41F0007180000 specially adapted for proof printing B41F0007200000 Details B41F0007220000 Clamps for attaching blankets to transfer or offset cylinders B41F0007240000 Damping devices B41F0007260000 using friction rollers B41F0007280000 using brushes B41F0007300000 using spraying elements B41F0007320000 Ducts, containers, or like supply devices for liquids B41F0007340000 Endless bands B41F0007360000 Inking rollers serving also to apply ink repellent B41F0007380000 Absorbent pads B41F0007400000 Devices for tripping or lifting damping rollers; Supporting, adjusting, or removing arrangements therefor B41F0009000000 Rotary intaglio printing presses B41F0009020000 for multicolour printing B41F0009040000 specially adapted for proof printing B41F0009060000 Details B41F0009080000 Wiping mechanisms B41F0009100000 Doctors, scrapers, or like devices B41F0009120000 Absorbent pads B41F0009140000 Continuous flexible surfaces, e.g. endless bands B41F0009160000 Removing or recovering ink from wiping mechanisms B41F0009180000 Auxiliary devices for exchanging forme cylinders B41F0011000000 Rotary presses or machines having forme cylinders carrying a plurality of printing surfaces, or for performing letterpress, lithographic, and intaglio processes selectively or in combination B41F0013000000 Common details of rotary presses or machines B41F0013020000 Conveying or guiding webs through presses or machines (feeding webs to or from presses or machines B65H);; B41F0013040000 intermittently B41F0013060000 Turning-bar arrangements B41F0013080000 Cylinders B41F0013100000 Forme cylinders B41F0013120000 Registering devices B41F0013140000 with means for displacing the cylinders B41F0013160000 with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders B41F0013180000 Impression cylinders B41F0013200000 Bearings or supports for forme, offset, or impression cylinders B41F0013220000 Means for cooling or heating forme or impression cylinders B41F0013240000 Cylinder-tripping devices; Cylinder-impression adjustments B41F0013260000 Arrangements or dispositions of cylinder bearings, forks, or supports B41F0013280000 Eccentric bearings B41F0013300000 Sliding bearings B41F0013320000 Swinging bearings B41F0013340000 Cylinder-lifting or -adjusting devices B41F0013360000 Cams, eccentrics, wedges, or the like B41F0013380000 electrically or magnetically operated B41F0013400000 fluid-pressure operated B41F0013420000 Guards or covers, e.g. for preventing ingress or egress of foreign matter B41F0013440000 Arrangements to accommodate interchangeable cylinders of different sizes to enable machine to print on areas of different sizes B41F0013460000 Printing units for inserting latest news B41F0013480000 Arrangements to enable printing to be effected over selected areas of a single forme cylinder (by inking selected areas B41F0031180000);; B41F0013500000 by effecting relative movement of forme and impression cylinders during printing cycle B41F0013520000 by projecting and retracting parts of the surface of the forme cylinder B41F0013540000 Auxiliary folding, cutting, collecting, or depositing of sheets or webs (in general B26D, B65H);; B41F0013560000 Folding or cutting B41F0013580000 lengthwise B41F0013600000 crosswise B41F0013620000 Folding-cylinders or drums B41F0013640000 Collecting B41F0013660000 and stapling B41F0013680000 Adding inserts B41F0013700000 Depositing B41F0015000000 Screen printers (for selective printing B41J0003220000);; B41F0015020000 Manually-operable devices B41F0015040000 for multicolour printing B41F0015060000 with auxiliary equipment, e.g. for drying printed articles B41F0015080000 Machines B41F0015100000 for multicolour printing B41F0015120000 with auxiliary equipment, e.g. for drying printed articles B41F0015140000 Details B41F0015160000 Printing tables B41F0015180000 Supports for workpieces B41F0015200000 with suction-operated elements B41F0015220000 for single sheets B41F0015240000 for webs B41F0015260000 for articles with flat surfaces B41F0015280000 for elongated flat articles, e.g. strips, bands B41F0015300000 for articles with curved surfaces B41F0015320000 for articles with conical surfaces B41F0015340000 Screens; Frames; Holders therefor B41F0015360000 flat B41F0015380000 curved B41F0015400000 Inking units B41F0015420000 comprising squeegees or doctors B41F0015440000 Squeegees or doctors B41F0015460000 with two or more operative parts B41F0017000000 Printing apparatus or machines of special types or for particular purposes, not otherwise provided for (hand stamps, plier-like tools for printing or punching tickets or the like B41K;addressographs or other office printing equipment B41L; ticket-printing and issuing apparatus G07B) B41F0017020000 for printing books or manifolding sets B41F0017040000 for printing calendars B41F0017060000 for printing on rolls of material, the roll serving as impression cylinder, e.g. strip printers B41F0017080000 for printing on filamentary or elongated articles, or on articles with cylindrical surfaces B41F0017100000 on articles of indefinite length, e.g. wires, hoses, tubes, yarns B41F0017120000 at an angle to axis B41F0017140000 on articles of finite length B41F0017160000 on end or bottom surfaces thereof B41F0017180000 on curved surfaces of articles of varying cross-section, e.g. bottles, lamp glasses B41F0017200000 on articles of uniform cross-section, e.g. pencils, rulers, resistors B41F0017220000 by rolling contact B41F0017240000 for printing on flat surfaces of polyhedral articles B41F0017260000 by rolling contact B41F0017280000 for printing on curved surfaces of conical or frusto-conical articles B41F0017300000 for printing on curved surfaces of essentially spherical, or part-spherical, articles B41F0017320000 on lamp bulbs B41F0017340000 on articles with surface irregularities, e.g. fruit, nuts B41F0017360000 for printing on tablets, pills, or like small articles B41F0017380000 for printing on knitted fabrics B41F0019000000 Apparatus or machines for carrying out printing operations combined with other operations B41F0019020000 with embossing B41F0019040000 using intaglio printing formes and wipers B41F0019060000 Printing and embossing between a negative and a positive forme after inking and wiping the negative forme; Printing from an ink band treated with colour or "gold" B41F0019080000 Simultaneous moulding and printing B41F0021000000 Devices for conveying sheets through printing apparatus or machines (through platen presses B41F0001280000;feeding sheets to or from printing apparatus or machines B65H) B41F0021020000 Pins B41F0021040000 Grippers B41F0021060000 Suction-operated grippers B41F0021080000 Combinations of endless conveyers and grippers B41F0023000000 Devices for treating the surfaces of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing (cleaning in general B08B;as a final step in the manufacture of such articles, see appropriate sub-classes, e.g. B29C0025000000, B29D0007200000, D21H0001000000; surface treatment in general B44D; of metals C23G) B41F0023020000 by dampening (in rotary lithographic machines B41F0007240000);; B41F0023040000 by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders B41F0023060000 Powdering devices, e.g. for preventing set-off B41F0023080000 Print-finishing devices, e.g. for glossing prints B41F0025000000 Devices for pressing sheets or webs against cylinders, e.g. for smoothing purposes B41F0027000000 Devices for attaching printing elements or formes to supports B41F0027020000 Magnetic devices B41F0027040000 for attaching printing elements to flat type-beds B41F0027060000 for attaching printing elements to forme cylinders B41F0027080000 for attaching printing formes to flat type-beds B41F0027100000 for attaching non-deformable curved printing formes to forme cylinders B41F0027120000 for attaching flexible printing formes B41F0027140000 for attaching printing formes to intermediate supports, e.g. adapter members B41F0029000000 Overlays or other make-ready arrangements or devices; Impression or offset surfaces, e.g. blankets B41F0029020000 Blankets or like coverings B41F0029040000 attached to impression members B41F0029060000 Endless or like continuously-fed coverings B41F0029080000 Make-ready devices, e.g. underlays, overlays B41F0031000000 Inking arrangements or devices (inking units for platen presses B41F0001400000;applying liquids or semi-liquids to surfaces in general B05C) B41F0031020000 Ducts, containers, or supply devices B41F0031040000 Duct-blades or like supply devices B41F0031060000 Troughs or like reservoirs with immersed, or partly immersed, rollers or cylinders B41F0031080000 with ink-ejecting means, e.g. pumps B41F0031100000 Applications of feed or duct rollers (messenger or moving transfer rollers B41F0031140000);; B41F0031120000 adjustable for regulating supply B41F0031140000 Applications of messenger or other moving transfer rollers B41F0031160000 Continuous, e.g. endless, band apparatus B41F0031180000 for inking selected parts of printing formes B41F0031200000 Ink-removing or collecting devices B41F0031220000 for inking from interior of cylinder B41F0031240000 Absorbent pads B41F0031260000 Construction of inking rollers B41F0031280000 Spray apparatus B41F0031300000 Arrangements for tripping, lifting, adjusting, or removing inking rollers; Supports, bearings, or forks therefor B41F0031320000 Lifting or adjusting devices B41F0031340000 Cam, eccentric, wedge, or like devices B41F0031360000 fluid-pressure operated B41F0031380000 magnetically operated B41F0033000000 Indicating, counting, warning, control, or safety devices (such devices in general, see the relevant classes);; B41F0033020000 Indicating devices, e.g. counters B41F0033040000 Tripping devices or stop-motions B41F0033060000 for starting or stopping operation of sheet or web feed B41F0033080000 for starting or stopping operation of cylinders B41F0033100000 for starting or stopping operation of damping or inking units B41F0033120000 for starting or stopping the machine as a whole B41F0033140000 Automatic control of tripping devices by feelers, photoelectric devices, pneumatic devices, or other detectors B41F0033160000 Programming systems for automatic control of sequence of operations B41F0035000000 Cleaning arrangements or devices B41F0035020000 for forme cylinders B41F0035040000 for inking rollers B41F0035060000 for offset cylinders B41G APPARATUS FOR BRONZE PRINTING, LINE PRINTING, OR FOR BORDERING OR EDGING SHEETS OR LIKE ARTICLES; AUXILIARY APPARATUS FOR PERFORATING IN CONJUNCTION WITH PRINTING (perforating in general B26D;production of decorations B44C; in connection with sheet or web delivery B65H0035000000; folding or unfolding thin material, e.g. sheets, webs, B65H0045000000, B65H0047000000) B41G0001000000 Apparatus for bronze printing or for like operations (applying granular materials or metallic foils for decorative purposes B44C0001000000);; B41G0001020000 platen type B41G0001040000 cylinder type B41G0003000000 Apparatus for printing lines B41G0005000000 Apparatus for bordering or edging sheets or like articles, e.g. for producing black rims on mourning cards B41G0007000000 Auxiliary perforating apparatus associated with printing devices B41J TYPEWRITERS; SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, i.e. MECHANISMS PRINTING OTHERWISE THAN FROM A FORME (composing B41B;printing on special surfaces B41F; laundry marking B41K; recognition or presentation of data, marking record carriers G06K; franking or ticket-printing and issuing apparatus G07B; receivers or transmitters for telegraphic communication H04L; printing characters point-by-point by signals derived from point-by-point analysis of original characters, pictorial communication H04N0001000000; printing mechanisms specially adapted for apparatus, e.g. cash registers, weighing machines, producing records of their own performances, see the appropriate sub-classes); B41J0001000000 Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the mounting, arrangement, or disposition of the types or dies (non-selective embossing B44B0005000000);; B41J0001020000 with separate or detached types or dies B41J0001040000 with types or dies carried upon levers or radial arms, e.g. manually operated (B41J0001160000 takes precedence);; B41J0001060000 on power-operated levers or arms B41J0001080000 with types or dies carried on sliding bars or rods B41J0001100000 on end surfaces thereof B41J0001120000 on side surfaces thereof, e.g. fixed thereto B41J0001140000 the types or dies being movable relative to the bars or rods (mounted on flexible bars or rods B41J0001160000);; B41J0001160000 with types or dies arranged in stationary or sliding cases or frames or upon flexible strips, plates, bars, or rods B41J0001180000 with types or dies strung on wires or rods B41J0001200000 with types or dies mounted on endless bands or the like B41J0001220000 with types or dies mounted on carriers rotatable for selection B41J0001240000 the plane of the type or die face being perpendicular to the axis of rotation (B41J0001600000 takes precedence);; B41J0001260000 Carriers moving for impression B41J0001280000 Carriers stationary for impression, e.g. with the types or dies not moving relative to the carriers B41J0001300000 with the types or dies moving relative to the carriers or mounted on flexible carriers B41J0001320000 the plane of the type or die face being parallel to the axis of rotation, e.g. with type on the periphery of cylindrical carriers (B41J0001600000 takes precedence);; B41J0001340000 Carriers rotating during impression B41J0001360000 Carriers sliding for impression, e.g. manually operated B41J0001380000 power operated B41J0001400000 Carriers swinging for impression B41J0001420000 about an axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the carrier B41J0001440000 Carriers stationary for impression B41J0001460000 Types or dies fixed on wheel, drum, cylinder, or like carriers B41J0001480000 with a plurality of carriers, one for each character space B41J0001500000 with one or more carriers travelling across copy material in letter-space direction B41J0001520000 with copy material moving in the letter-space direction, and carrier mounting being fixed B41J0001540000 Types or dies movable on wheel, drum, cylinder, or like carriers B41J0001560000 Types or dies on shuttles or like loose carriers B41J0001580000 Types or dies upon arcuate bars B41J0001600000 with types or dies on spherical, truncated-spherical, or like surfaces B41J0003000000 Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed or by the purpose for which they are constructed (marking record carriers in digital fashion G06K);; B41J0003020000 for building-up characters by writing or by combining several components B41J0003040000 by moving styli or their equivalent or writing jets B41J0003060000 by the selective combination of two or more non-identical type elements B41J0003080000 by selective impressions from a rotating helical member B41J0003100000 from an assembly of identical dot, line, or like type elements, e.g. by simultaneous action of all elements B41J0003120000 each character being formed by successive columns or rows of dots B41J0003140000 by direct application of fluid pressure at selected points of pressure-sensitive record material B41J0003160000 for electrographic printing, e.g. electromagnetic printing B41J0003180000 for electrostatic printing B41J0003200000 for inkless, chemical-reaction, heat-sensitive, or like printing (electrographic printing B41J0003160000, B41J0003180000«, B;41;J;3/52» take precedence);; B41J0003220000 for screen printing (screen printers B41F0015000000);; B41J0003240000 for perforating or stencil cutting using special types or dies B41J0003260000 for stenographic writing B41J0003280000 for printing downwardly on flat surfaces, e.g. of books, drawings, boxes B41J0003300000 for printing with large type, e.g. on bulletins, tickets B41J0003320000 for printing in Braille or with keyboards specially adapted for use by blind persons B41J0003340000 for printing musical scores B41J0003360000 Portable typewriters, e.g. pocket or folding typewriters B41J0003380000 for embossing, e.g. for making matrices for stereotypes B41J0003400000 for embossing sheet metals B41J0003420000 Two or more complete typewriters coupled for simultaneous operation B41J0003440000 Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms having dual functions or combined with, or coupled to, apparatus performing other functions (printing mechanisms coupled to typographical composing machines B41B0027410000);; B41J0003460000 Printing mechanisms combined with apparatus providing a visual indication of the type selected B41J0003500000 Type-printing mechanisms producing also a record by other means B41J0003510000 the type and the recorded information being identical B41J0003512000 with printed or embossed recording B41J0003514000 with punched recording B41J0003516000 with magnetic or electrostatic recording B41J0003530000 the type and the recorded information not being identical, i.e. with arrangements for programming B41J0003532000 only part of the typed information being recorded B41J0003534000 the recorded information containing additional information, e.g. selection codes B41J0003540000 with two or more sets of type B41J0003560000 for printing like matter on separate sheets or strips B41J0003580000 for printing unlike matter on the same sheet or strip B41J0005000000 Devices or arrangements for controlling character selection (interpreting G06K0003000000;methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers G06K0007000000) B41J0005020000 Character or syllable selected by setting an index B41J0005040000 Single-character selection B41J0005060000 Multiple-character selection B41J0005080000 Character or syllable selected by means of keys or keyboards of the typewriter type B41J0005100000 Arrangements of keyboards B41J0005120000 Construction of key buttons B41J0005140000 Construction of key levers B41J0005160000 Mounting or connecting key buttons on or to key levers B41J0005180000 Locks B41J0005200000 for subsidiary keys, e.g. for shift keys B41J0005220000 Interlocks between keys, e.g. without detent arrangements B41J0005240000 with detent arrangements B41J0005260000 Regulating touch, key dip or stroke, or the like B41J0005280000 Multiple-action keys, e.g. keys depressed by two or more amounts or movable in two or more directions to effect different functions or selections B41J0005300000 Character or syllable selection controlled by recorded information B41J0005310000 characterised by form of recorded information B41J0005320000 by printed, embossed, or photographic records, e.g. cards, sheets B41J0005340000 by strips or tapes B41J0005360000 by punched records, e.g. cards, sheets B41J0005380000 by strips or tapes B41J0005400000 by magnetic or electrostatic records, e.g. cards, sheets B41J0005420000 by strips or tapes B41J0005440000 characterised by storage of recorded information B41J0005460000 on internal storages B41J0005480000 external storages B41J0005500000 on a single storage B41J0005520000 characterised by the provision of additional devices for producing a punched or like record, e.g. simultaneously B41J0007000000 Type-selecting actions or mechanisms (index setting B41J0005020000);; B41J0007020000 Lever actions B41J0007040000 Levers mounted on fixed pivots B41J0007060000 and connected to transmission members, e.g. toothed gearing B41J0007080000 with pin-and-slot or like loose connections; Cam-slot members B41J0007100000 Chain, belt, flexible-cable, or like members B41J0007120000 U-shaped type-lever on two pivots B41J0007140000 Single key-and-type lever B41J0007160000 Type-head pivoted to, or rotating on, lever B41J0007180000 Levers having moving or variable fulcra to alter the mechanical advantage during the stroke B41J0007200000 Levers having moving pivots fixed relative to the lever; Type-bars each pivoted on two links B41J0007220000 Type-baskets; Bearings or hangers for type-levers B41J0007240000 Construction of type-levers (U-shaped levers B41J0007120000);; B41J0007260000 Special means, e.g. repulsers, for ensuring return of type-levers B41J0007280000 Key-lever and type-member returned independently to rest position B41J0007300000 Preventing rebound or clash of levers or type-members B41J0007320000 Type-face selected by operation of sliding members B41J0007340000 Type-face selected by operation of rotary members B41J0007360000 Selecting arrangements applied to type-carriers rotating during impression B41J0007380000 Type movable on carrier for selection B41J0007400000 Type movable on carrier for impression B41J0007420000 Timed impression, e.g. without impact B41J0007440000 with impact B41J0007460000 Rolling contact during impression B41J0007480000 Type-carrier arrested in selected position by electromagnetic means B41J0007500000 Type-face selected by combinations of two movements of type-carrier B41J0007520000 by combined rotary and sliding movement B41J0007540000 Selecting arrangements including combination, permutation, summation, or aggregation means B41J0007560000 Summation devices for mechanical movements B41J0007580000 Wedges B41J0007600000 Levers B41J0007620000 Gearing B41J0007640000 Pulley-and-strand mechanism B41J0007660000 Movable members, e.g. pins, displaceable according to a code B41J0007680000 with means for selectively closing an electric circuit for type presentation B41J0007700000 for printing mechanisms in which each character is formed by the selection and impression of a plurality of separate type-elements B41J0007720000 Selection of elements B41J0007740000 by mechanical means B41J0007760000 by electromagnetic means B41J0007780000 by fluid-pressure means B41J0007800000 Impression of elements B41J0007820000 by mechanical means B41J0007840000 by electromagnetic means B41J0007860000 by fluid-pressure means B41J0007880000 by electro-adhesive or electrostatic pulley B41J0007900000 Syllable, line, or like type selection B41J0007920000 Impact adjustment; Means to give uniformity of impression B41J0007940000 Character-by-character adjustment B41J0007960000 Means for checking correctness of setting B41J0009000000 Hammer-impression mechanisms B41J0009020000 Hammers; Arrangements thereof B41J0009040000 of single hammers, e.g. travelling along printing line B41J0009060000 of stationary hammers, e.g. engaging a single type-carrier B41J0009080000 engaging more than one type-carrier B41J0009100000 of more than one hammer, e.g. one for each character position B41J0009120000 each operating in more than one character position B41J0009140000 Means for selecting or suppressing individual hammers B41J0009160000 Means for cocking or resetting hammers B41J0009180000 Cams B41J0009200000 Springs B41J0009220000 Fluid-pressure means B41J0009240000 Electromagnetic means B41J0009260000 Means for operating hammers to effect impression B41J0009280000 Cams B41J0009300000 Springs B41J0009320000 arranged to be clutched to snatch roll B41J0009340000 Fluid-pressure means B41J0009360000 in which mechanical power is applied under electromagnetic control B41J0009380000 Electromagnetic means B41J0009400000 including an electro-adhesive clutch B41J0009420000 with anti-rebound arrangements B41J0011000000 Devices or arrangements for supporting or handling copy material in sheet or web form (specially adapted for supporting or handling copy material in short lengths B41J0013000000, in continuous form B41J0015000000;holders for text to be copied B41J0029000000) B41J0011020000 Platens B41J0011040000 Roller platens B41J0011050000 with sound-deadening devices B41J0011060000 Flat page-size platens B41J0011080000 Bar or like line-size platens B41J0011100000 Anvil or like character-size platens B41J0011120000 Backings or blankets B41J0011140000 Platen-shift mechanisms; Driving gear therefor B41J0011160000 with balancing means B41J0011180000 Platen-impression arrangements B41J0011200000 Platen adjustments for varying the strength of impression, for varying number of sheets, for wear or for alignment B41J0011220000 Paper-carriage guides or races B41J0011240000 Detents, brakes, or couplings for feed rollers or platens B41J0011260000 Pin feeds B41J0011270000 on or within the platen-rollers B41J0011280000 Pin wheels B41J0011300000 Pin traction elements other than wheels, e.g. pins on endless bands B41J0011320000 Adjustment of pin wheels or traction elements, e.g. laterally B41J0011340000 Guides coacting with pin feeds B41J0011360000 Blanking or long feeds; Feeding to a particular line, e.g. by rotation of platen or feed roller B41J0011380000 Manually-operated feeding devices B41J0011400000 specially adapted for printing musical scores B41J0011420000 Controlling B41J0011440000 by devices, e.g. programme tape or contact wheel, moved in correspondence with movement of paper-feeding devices, e.g. platen rotation B41J0011460000 by marks or formations on the paper being fed B41J0011480000 Apparatus for condensed record, tally strip, or like work using two or more papers, or sets of papers B41J0011500000 in which two or more papers or sets are separately fed in the same direction towards the printing position B41J0011520000 in which one paper or set is moved transversely relative to another B41J0011530000 Devices for holding in place one paper or set during replacement of one or more of the auxiliary papers or sets B41J0011540000 in which one paper or set is fed towards printing position from the front of the apparatus B41J0011560000 specially constructed to facilitate storage or transport of typewriter B41J0011580000 Supply holders for sheets or fan-folded webs, e.g. shelves, tables, scrolls, pile holders B41J0011600000 Erasing or correcting tables B41J0011620000 Shields or masks B41J0011640000 Applications of scales or indicators B41J0011660000 Applications of cutting devices B41J0011680000 cutting parallel to the direction of paper feed B41J0011700000 cutting perpendicular to the direction of paper feed B41J0013000000 Devices or arrangements specially adapted for supporting or handling copy material in short lengths, e.g. sheets B41J0013020000 Feed rollers B41J0013030000 driven B41J0013060000 and arranged in more than one set, e.g. on individual swivel arms B41J0013072000 and arranged on a common carrier B41J0013074000 on the paper apron concentric with the roller platen B41J0013076000 Construction of feed rollers; Bearings therefor B41J0013080000 Bands or like feeding devices B41J0013100000 Sheet holders, retainers, or stationary guides B41J0013120000 specially adapted for cards, envelopes, or the like B41J0013140000 Aprons or guides B41J0013160000 movable for insertion or release of sheets B41J0013180000 concentric with roller platen B41J0013200000 Bails B41J0013220000 Clamps or grippers B41J0013240000 Strips for supporting or holding papers B41J0013260000 Registering devices B41J0013280000 Front lays, stops, or gauges B41J0013300000 Side lays or gauges B41J0013320000 Means for positioning sheets in two directions under one control, e.g. for format control or orthogonal sheet positioning B41J0015000000 Devices or arrangements specially adapted for supporting or handling copy material in continuous form, e.g. webs B41J0015020000 Web rolls or spindles; Attaching webs to cores or spindles B41J0015040000 Supporting, feeding, or guiding devices; Mountings for web rolls or spindles B41J0015060000 characterised by being applied to printers having stationary carriages B41J0015080000 characterised by being applied to printers having transversely-moving carriages B41J0015100000 and mounted on the carriage B41J0015120000 and coupled to the carriage B41J0015140000 and detached from the carriage B41J0015160000 Means for tensioning or winding the web B41J0015180000 Multiple-web feeding apparatus B41J0015200000 for webs superimposed during printing B41J0015220000 for feeding webs in separate paths during printing B41J0015240000 with means for registering the webs with each other B41J0017000000 Mechanisms for manipulating page-width impression-transfer material, e.g. carbon paper (in manifolding devices B41L);; B41J0017020000 Feeding mechanisms B41J0017040000 Feed dependent on the record-paper feed, e.g. both moved at the same time B41J0017060000 "Creep" feed, i.e. impression-transfer material fed slower than the record paper B41J0017070000 electromagnetically controlled B41J0017080000 Feed independent of the record-paper feed B41J0017100000 electromagnetically controlled B41J0017120000 Special adaptations for ensuring maximum life B41J0017140000 Automatic arrangements for reversing the feed direction B41J0017160000 Holders in the machine for sheets of impression-transfer material B41J0017180000 pivotable to and from the platen B41J0017200000 slidable to and from the platen B41J0017220000 Supply arrangements for webs or impression-transfer material B41J0017240000 Webs supplied from reels or spools attached to the machine B41J0017260000 Webs supplied from trays or like supports attached to the machines B41J0017280000 Arrangements of guides for the impression-transfer material B41J0017300000 Constructions of guides for the impression-transfer material B41J0017320000 Detachable carriers or holders for impression-transfer material mechanism B41J0017340000 Backings for impression-transfer material, e.g. sheets for reducing friction, shields for preventing imprint B41J0017360000 Alarms, indicators, or feed-disabling devices responsible to material breakage or exhaustion B41J0017380000 for dealing with the impression-transfer material after use B41J0017400000 for retracting sheets for re-use B41J0017420000 for webs B41J0019000000 Character- or line-spacing mechanisms (key actions B41J0025020000);; B41J0019020000 with retarding devices, e.g. brakes B41J0019040000 Sound-deadening or shock-absorbing devices or measures therein (B41J0019380000 takes precedence);; B41J0019060000 Resilient mounting of mechanism B41J0019080000 Buffers, springs, or like carriage stops B41J0019100000 Dash-pots B41J0019120000 Gearing made of special material or specially constructed to reduce sound or shock B41J0019140000 with means for effecting line or character spacing in either direction B41J0019160000 Special spacing mechanisms for circular, spiral, or diagonal-printing apparatus B41J0019180000 Character-spacing or back-spacing mechanisms; Carriage-return or release devices therefor B41J0019200000 Positive-feed character-spacing mechanisms (controlled by escapements B41J0019520000);; B41J0019220000 acting by friction or gripping effect B41J0019240000 Pawl and ratchet B41J0019260000 moving a paper or like carriage B41J0019280000 moving a paper or like web or strip, e.g. over a stationary support B41J0019300000 Electromagnetically-operated mechanisms B41J0019320000 Differential or variable-spacing arrangements B41J0019340000 Escapement-feed character-spacing mechanisms B41J0019360000 Driving mechanisms, e.g. springs stressed during carriage return B41J0019380000 adapted for silent return B41J0019400000 Escapements having a single pawl or like detent B41J0019420000 Escapements having two pawls or like detents B41J0019440000 coacting with two toothed members, e.g. racks or wheels B41J0019460000 and mounted on a single rocker B41J0019480000 and mounted on a single slider B41J0019500000 Electromagnetically-controlled escapements B41J0019520000 Escapements controlling positive-feed mechanism B41J0019540000 Construction of universal bars B41J0019560000 Escapements controlling web or strip feed B41J0019580000 Differential or variable-spacing arrangements B41J0019600000 Auxiliary feed or adjustment devices B41J0019620000 for back-spacing B41J0019640000 for justifying B41J0019660000 Carriage-release mechanisms B41J0019680000 Carriage-return mechanisms, e.g. manually actuated B41J0019700000 power driven B41J0019720000 with power stored during character spacing B41J0019740000 with special means to maintain character-spacing or back-spacing elements in engagement during case-shift or like movement B41J0019760000 Line-spacing mechanisms (special line-feeds, e.g. long feeds, B41J0011360000);; B41J0019780000 Positive-feed mechanisms B41J0019800000 Pawl-and-ratchet mechanisms B41J0019820000 moving a paper or like carriage B41J0019840000 in the form of a roller rotated for line spacing B41J0019860000 the pawl being normally in engagement with the ratchet B41J0019880000 moving a type carriage B41J0019900000 moving a paper or like web or strip, e.g. over a stationary support, automatically in response to movements other than carriage return B41J0019920000 Electromagnetically-operated mechanisms B41J0019940000 automatically operated in response to carriage return B41J0019960000 Variable-spacing arrangements B41J0019980000 Escapement-feed mechanisms B41J0021000000 Column, tabular, or like printing arrangements; Means for centralising short lines (carriage-release mechanisms B41J0019660000;key actions B41J0025180000) B41J0021020000 Stops or stop-racks B41J0021040000 Mechanisms for setting or restoring tabulation stops B41J0021060000 with means for preventing rebound from stops B41J0021080000 Mechanisms for initiating, effecting, skipping, or stopping tabulation movement; Means for centralising short lines B41J0021100000 with central, counter, or equivalent stop projected into path of tabulation stops B41J0021120000 characterised by arrangements of electrical contacts B41J0021140000 characterised by denominational arrangements B41J0021160000 controlled by the sensing of marks or formations on the paper being typed, an undersheet, or the platen B41J0021180000 characterised by applications of scales or indicators B41J0023000000 Power drives for actions or mechanisms (B41J0007700000, B41J0009000000 take precedence);; B41J0023020000 Mechanical power drives B41J0023040000 with driven mechanism arranged to be clutched to continuously-operating power source B41J0023060000 by snatch rolls B41J0023080000 by one-revolution or part-revolution clutches B41J0023100000 and arrested in selected position B41J0023120000 Mechanism driven by cams engaging rotating roller B41J0023140000 Mechanism driven through an oscillating or reciprocating member B41J0023160000 Mechanism driven by a spring tensioned by power means B41J0023180000 Continuously-cycling drives B41J0023200000 Fluid-pressure power drives B41J0023220000 for key or like type selection B41J0023240000 for impression mechanisms B41J0023260000 for platen or carriage movements, e.g. for line spacing, letter spacing, or carriage return B41J0023280000 for type-carriage movements B41J0023300000 for case shift B41J0023320000 Electromagnetic power drives, e.g. applied to key levers B41J0023340000 applied to elements other than key levers B41J0023360000 and acting on type members B41J0023380000 and acting on aligning or case-shift mechanisms B41J0025000000 Actions or mechanisms not otherwise provided for; Associated equipment B41J0025020000 Key actions for specified purposes B41J0025040000 Back-spacing B41J0025060000 Carriage return B41J0025080000 Case shift B41J0025100000 Ink-ribbon adjustment B41J0025120000 Character spacing B41J0025140000 Line spacing B41J0025160000 Line spacing and carriage return by a single key B41J0025180000 Tabulating B41J0025200000 Auxiliary type mechanisms for printing distinguishing marks, e.g. for accenting, using dead or half-dead key arrangements, for printing marks in telegraph printers to indicate that machine is receiving B41J0025220000 for aligning characters for impression (in machines using index setting B41J0005020000);; B41J0025240000 Case-shift mechanisms (B41J0011140000 takes precedence;key actions B41J0025080000); Fount-change arrangements B41J0025260000 Dust excluders, shields, covers, or the like B41J0025280000 Bodily-movable type-heads or carriages B41J0025300000 Single heads or carriages B41J0025320000 Impression mechanisms in which a roller co-operates with stationary type-faces B41J0027000000 Inking apparatus B41J0027020000 with ink applied by pads or rotary discs B41J0027040000 Pads or discs; Ink-supply arrangements therefor B41J0027060000 Arrangements to ensure maximum life of pads or discs B41J0027080000 Arrangements for multicolour work B41J0027100000 with ink applied by rollers; Ink-supply arrangements therefor B41J0027120000 Rollers B41J0027140000 Arrangements for multicolour work B41J0027160000 with ink deposited electrostatically or electromagnetically, e.g. powdered ink B41J0027180000 with liquid ink deposited B41J0027200000 with ink supplied by capillary action, e.g. through porous type-members, through porous platens B41J0027220000 with inking discs or sectors B41J0029000000 Details of, or accessories for, typewriters or selective printing mechanisms not otherwise provided for B41J0029020000 Framework B41J0029040000 Means for attaching machines to baseboards B41J0029060000 Special supports, platforms, or trolleys for supporting machines on tables B41J0029080000 Sound-deadening or shock-absorbing stands, supports, cases, or pads separate from machines B41J0029100000 Sound-deadening devices embodied in machines (B41J0019040000 takes prededence);; B41J0029120000 Guards for machines B41J0029140000 Attachments operated by the leg, e.g. the foot or knee B41J0029160000 Auxiliary receptacles for articles, e.g. erasers, pencils B41J0029180000 Reflectors or illuminating devices for rendering the print visible to the operator B41J0029200000 Applications of counting devices B41J0029220000 Line counters B41J0029240000 Word counters B41J0029260000 Means for cancelling, underscoring, or ruling B41J0029280000 Writing or like instruments in holders or guides B41J0029300000 Wheels B41J0029320000 Type-members B41J0029340000 repeatedly actuated B41J0029360000 for cancelling by over-printing with material which is the colour of the paper B41J0029380000 Drives, motors, controls, or automatic cut-off devices for the entire printing mechanism B41J0029400000 Means for printing fixed, i.e. unchanging, matter in addition to selectable matter B41J0029420000 Scales and indicators, e.g. for determining side margins B41J0029440000 for determining top and bottom margins or indicating exhaust of paper B41J0029460000 Applications of alarms, e.g. responsive to approach of end of line (responsive to transfer-material breakage or exhaustion B41J0017360000, B41J0035360000);; B41J0029480000 responsive to breakage or exhaustion of paper or approach of bottom of paper B41J0029500000 Side-stop mechanisms B41J0029520000 Top-and-bottom stop mechanisms B41J0029540000 Locking devices applied to printing mechanisms B41J0029560000 and manually actuated B41J0029580000 and automatically actuated B41J0029600000 in response to failure of power supply B41J0029620000 by the absence of paper to lock hammer mechanism B41J0029640000 by a function of the printer to lock the keyboard B41J0029660000 Locking devices actuated when platen reaches the end of a line B41J0029680000 by completion of a page or predetermined number of lines or exhaustion of paper to lock the keyboard B41J0029700000 Interlocks between any two carriage-moving mechanisms, e.g. character-space, back-space, tabulation, carriage-return, or carriage-release mechanisms B41J0031000000 Ink ribbons (spools for ink ribbons B65H0075000000;coated or treated non-woven strips or sheets used as ink ribbons D21H); Testing or renovating or ink ribbons B41J0031020000 Ink ribbons characterised by the material from which they are woven B41J0031040000 woven from synthetic material B41J0031050000 Ink ribbons having coatings other than impression-material coatings B41J0031060000 the coatings being directly on the base material, i.e. below impression-transfer material; Ink ribbons having base material impregnated with material other than impression material B41J0031080000 the coatings being superimposed on impression-transfer material B41J0031100000 Ink ribbons having arrangements to facilitate threading through a machine B41J0031120000 Ink ribbons having arrangements to prevent undesired contact between the impression-transfer material and machine parts or other articles B41J0031140000 Renovating or testing ink ribbons B41J0031160000 while fitted in the machine using the ink ribbons B41J0033000000 Apparatus or arrangements for feeding ink ribbons or like character-size impression-transfer material B41J0033020000 Ribbon arrangements B41J0033040000 mounted on moving carriages B41J0033060000 Ribbons associated, but not moving, with typewriter platens, e.g. extending transversely to the length of the platen B41J0033080000 and extending parallel to the length of the platen B41J0033100000 Arrangements of endless ribbons B41J0033120000 Ribbons carried by coaxially-mounted spools B41J0033140000 Ribbon-feed devices or mechanisms B41J0033160000 with drive applied to spool or spool spindle B41J0033180000 by ratchet mechanism (B41J0033300000 takes precedence);; B41J0033200000 by friction B41J0033220000 by gears or pulleys B41J0033240000 with drive applied directly to ribbon B41J0033260000 by rollers engaging the ribbon B41J0033280000 by mechanism pulling or gripping the ribbon B41J0033300000 Escapement mechanisms B41J0033320000 Electromagnetic devices B41J0033340000 driven by motors independently of the machine as a whole B41J0033360000 with means for adjusting feeding rate B41J0033380000 Slow, e.g. "creep", feed mechanisms B41J0033382000 the ribbon being fed only during carriage return B41J0033384000 and attached to the carriage during writing B41J0033386000 the ribbon being fed only by operation of the line-spacing mechanism B41J0033388000 the ribbon being fed only when type impression takes place B41J0033400000 with arrangements for reversing the feed direction B41J0033420000 manually B41J0033440000 automatically B41J0033460000 and characterised by its application to mechanism in which two spools are driven by pawl-and-ratchet mechanism B41J0033480000 comprising two pawls and ratchets, one for each spool B41J0033500000 comprising a single pawl or integral double-tooth pawl selectively engageable with two ratchets, one for each spool B41J0033510000 and characterised by the use of particular reversing control means B41J0033512000 using a pivoted reversing-feeler engaging the external periphery of the wound ribbon B41J0033514000 using a pivoted reversing-feeler engaging the interior of the wound ribbon B41J0033516000 using a reversing-feeler responsive to the tension of the ribbon B41J0033518000 the reversing-feeler engaging buttons or the like secured to the ribbon near its ends B41J0033520000 Braking devices therefor (in general F16D);; B41J0033540000 for ensuring maximum life of the ribbon (B41J0033380000 takes precedence;by adjustment of vibrator mechanisms B41J0035140000) B41J0033560000 Ribbon adjusted transversely B41J0033580000 Ribbon fed angularly B41J0033600000 responsive to telegraph code or other extraneous signals B41J0035000000 Other apparatus or arrangements associated with, or incorporated in, ink-ribbon mechanisms B41J0035020000 Frames or holders for unwound short lengths of ink ribbons B41J0035030000 the holder being movable to inoperative position, e.g. by swinging upwardly B41J0035040000 Ink-ribbon guides B41J0035060000 stationary B41J0035080000 with tensioning arrangements B41J0035100000 Vibrator mechanisms; Driving gear therefor B41J0035120000 adjustable, e.g. for case shift (key actions B41J0025020000);; B41J0035140000 for multicolour work; for ensuring maximum life of ink ribbon; for rendering ink ribbon inoperative B41J0035160000 Multicolour arrangements (B41J0035100000 takes precedence);; B41J0035180000 Colour change effected automatically B41J0035200000 Ink-ribbon shifts, e.g. for exposing print, for case-shift adjustment, for rendering ink ribbon inoperative B41J0035220000 Mechanisms permitting the selective use of a plurality of ink ribbons B41J0035230000 with two or more ribbon guides B41J0035240000 Mechanisms specially adapted for feeding impression-transfer materials of foil form B41J0035260000 Ink-ribbon shields or backings B41J0035280000 Detachable carriers or holders for ink-ribbon mechanisms B41J0035300000 Manifolding or like arrangements B41J0035320000 for producing a plurality of copies along the printing line by a single ink ribbon B41J0035340000 using a plurality of separate ink ribbons, e.g. including one hectographic ink ribbon B41J0035350000 using unwound short lengths of ink ribbons B41J0035360000 Alarms, indicators, or feed-disabling devices responsive to ink-ribbon breakage or exhaustion B41J0035380000 Feeding the ink ribbon to waste after use B41K STAMPS; STAMPING OR NUMBERING APPARATUS OR DEVICES (machines for marking shoe-parts A43D0007200000;selective printing mechanisms B41J; embossing B44B0005000000; ticket printing and issuing, fare registering, non-printing aspects of franking apparatus G07B) B41K0001000000 Portable hand-operated devices without means for supporting or locating the articles to be stamped, i.e. hand stamps; Inking devices or other accessories therefor B41K0001020000 with one or more flat stamping surfaces having fixed images B41K0001040000 with multiple stamping surfaces; with stamping surfaces replaceable as a whole B41K0001060000 with means for locating the image to be obtained B41K0001080000 with a flat stamping surface and changeable characters B41K0001100000 having movable type-carrying bands or chains B41K0001120000 having adjustable type-carrying wheels B41K0001140000 having automatic means for changing type-characters B41K0001160000 Numbering devices B41K0001180000 for pages B41K0001200000 with means for locating the image to be obtained B41K0001220000 with curved stamping surfaces for stamping by rolling contact B41K0001240000 Rocking stamps B41K0001260000 with stamping surfaces adapted for application to non-flat surfaces B41K0001280000 flexible B41K0001300000 for offset or intaglio stamping B41K0001320000 for stencilling B41K0001340000 for multicolour stamping B41K0001360000 Details B41K0001380000 Inking devices; Stamping surfaces B41K0001400000 Inking devices operated by stamping movement B41K0001420000 with pads or rollers movable for inking B41K0001440000 for offset, intaglio, or stencil stamping B41K0001460000 for multicolour stamping B41K0001480000 with ink ribbons, ink sheets, or carbon tape or paper B41K0001500000 Stamping surfaces impregnated with ink, or made of material leaving a mark after stamping contact B41K0001520000 Ink reservoirs, e.g. integral with stamp handles B41K0001540000 Inking pads B41K0001560000 Handles B41K0001580000 Stands or other means for keeping hand stamps or the like within easy reach B41K0003000000 Apparatus for stamping articles having integral means for supporting the articles to be stamped (means for printing on articles of special shape or having a surface of particular configuration B41F0017000000);; B41K0003020000 with stamping surface located above article-supporting surface B41K0003040000 and movable at right angles to the surface to be stamped B41K0003060000 having type-carrying bands or chains B41K0003080000 having adjustable type-carrying wheels B41K0003100000 having automatic means for changing type-characters, e.g. numbering devices B41K0003120000 with curved stamping surface for stamping by rolling contact B41K0003140000 for relief stamping B41K0003160000 for intaglio stamping B41K0003180000 for offset stamping B41K0003200000 for stencilling B41K0003220000 with means for producing distorted images B41K0003240000 for multicolour stamping B41K0003260000 with stamping surface located below article-supporting surface B41K0003280000 and bearing a positive image B41K0003300000 and having means for varying the image, e.g. by exchanging stamping plates in succession B41K0003320000 with co-operating stamping and counter-stamping members B41K0003340000 in the form of indexable cylinders, e.g. of curved or polygonal cross-section, or of movable chains or bands B41K0003360000 with means for deforming or punching the copy matter B41K0003380000 separate from the stamping means B41K0003400000 for numerical or alphabetical characters B41K0003420000 Stamping apparatus with selection mechanisms for successively stamping and delivering lists or other items giving information, e.g. for warehouse administration, washing lists, supermarket guides B41K0003440000 Means for handling copy matter (in general B65H);; B41K0003460000 for locating when stationary B41K0003480000 for conveying intermittently to or from stamping station B41K0003500000 for conveying during stamping operation B41K0003520000 for discharging B41K0003540000 Inking devices B41K0003560000 using inking pads B41K0003580000 using ink ribbons, ink sheets, or carbon tape or paper B41K0003600000 using rollers, e.g. rollers with integral ink-supply devices B41K0003620000 Details or accessories B41K0003640000 Stamping mechanisms controlled by feed of copy matter B41K0003660000 Safety devices, e.g. for preventing extraction of copy matter before completion of stamping operation B41K0003680000 Cutting or severing devices (in general B26);; B41K0005000000 Plier-like tools for stamping, or stamping and delivering, tickets or the like B41K0005020000 with means for varying the image stamped B41K0005040000 with devices for collecting counterfoils, or with other means for recording stamping operations (counting devices G06M);; B41K0005060000 for recording on separate tape B41K0005080000 with counting devices B41L APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR MANIFOLDING, DUPLICATING, OR PRINTING FOR OFFICE OR OTHER COMMERCIAL PURPOSES; ADDRESSOGRAPHS OR LIKE SERIES-PRINTING MACHINES (printing presses or machines for industrial purposes B41F;stamps, stamping or numbering devices B41K) B41L0001000000 Devices for performing operations in connection with manifolding by means of pressure-sensitive layers or intermediaries, e.g. carbons; Accessories for manifolding purposes B41L0001020000 Devices for preparatory operations, e.g. for bringing together sheets or webs and interposed carbons; Devices combined with devices for printing, for coating with carbon, for folding B41L0001040000 Devices for performing operations subsequent to manifolding, e.g. for separating single sheets or webs from single form sets, continuous manifold assemblies from carbons B41L0001060000 on single form sets B41L0001080000 on continuous manifold assemblies B41L0001100000 Separate folding or disposition of single webs B41L0001120000 Severing webs to obtain single sheets or forms, e.g. by cutting, by bursting B41L0001140000 Severing edge perforations from webs B41L0001160000 Carriers or supply devices for pressure-sensitive material, e.g. for carbon sheets; Carbon gloves B41L0001180000 for carbon webs; Continuous carbon-supply mechanisms B41L0001200000 Manifolding assemblies, e.g. book-like assemblies B41L0001220000 made up of single sheets or forms B41L0001240000 Pads or books B41L0001260000 Continuous assemblies made up of webs B41L0001280000 in rolled or wound form B41L0001300000 folded longitudinally B41L0001320000 folded transversely B41L0001340000 for making masters for hectographic duplicators B41L0001360000 with pressure-sensitive layers or coating other than carbon (materials per B41M0005000000);; B41L0003000000 Platens or like sheet supports for manifolding using pressure-sensitive layers or intermediaries, e.g. for book-keeping purposes B41L0003020000 with stationary clamping means for holding the manifolding assembly in registered position, e.g. resilient clamps for holding non-perforated sheets B41L0003040000 Bars provided with pins engaging perforations in the elements B41L0003060000 with movable clamping or guiding means for the elements of the manifolding assembly B41L0003080000 with non-mechanical means for holding the elements in registered position, e.g. magnetic means B41L0003100000 with means for moving assembled elements step by step relative to platen or support, e.g. for column or line selection; Means for locating assembled elements when stationary B41L0003120000 Auxiliary devices B41L0003140000 Magazines or storage compartments, e.g. for slips B41L0003160000 Web-feeding arrangements B41L0003180000 Displaceable covers, e.g. with windows B41L0003200000 for facilitating manifolding in books B41L0003220000 Applications of ink ribbons; Holding, feeding, or guiding means therefor B41L0005000000 Autographic registers or like manifolding apparatus using movable strips or webs (movable-strip writing or reading apparatus B42D0019000000);; B41L0005020000 with means for limiting movements of webs fed by hand B41L0005040000 with mechanisms for feeding webs or for arranging web feed; with web-storage arrangements B41L0005060000 by means of rollers, wheels, or chains, e.g. with pins transversely B41L0005080000 by reciprocating mechanisms B41L0005100000 with mechanisms for feeding the pressure-sensitive web or webs separately from the other webs, e.g. transversely B41L0005120000 with means for indicating exhaustion of web supply B41L0005140000 with auxiliary means for printing, perforating, or severing the web B41L0005160000 Accessories, e.g. drawers for storing forms, for money (cash registers G07G);; B41L0007000000 Apparatus for directly duplicating from hectographic originals, i.e. for obtaining copies in mirror image B41L0007020000 by passing original and copy-sheet or -web between rollers B41L0007040000 with means for guiding original or copy-sheet or -web B41L0007060000 with means for severing copy-sheet or -web B41L0007080000 with means for moistening or drying B41L0009000000 Apparatus for indirectly duplicating from hectographic originals by means of hectographic intermediaries or transfer surfaces, i.e. "dry duplicators" B41L0009020000 Containers for clay or gelatin B41L0009040000 with flat supports over which gelatin-paper is stretched B41L0009060000 and with carriages for feeding the sheets B41L0009080000 and with devices for rolling-in and securing hectographic gelatin-paper webs B41L0009100000 with rotary cylinders carrying sheets of hectographic gelatin-paper B41L0011000000 Apparatus for directly duplicating from hectographic masters in mirror image, i.e. "wet duplicators" for producing positive copies B41L0011020000 with a flat support carrying the masters B41L0011040000 and with carriages for feeding the sheets B41L0011060000 for stack duplicating with pressure rollers B41L0011080000 with rotary cylinders carrying the masters B41L0011100000 with two rollers between which master is stretched B41L0011120000 Driving gear; Control thereof B41L0011140000 Constructional features of masters (chemical aspects B41M);; B41L0013000000 Stencilling apparatus for office or other commercial use (screen printing B41F0015000000;stencils, stencil materials, carriers therefor B41N0001240000) B41L0013020000 with flat stencil carriers B41L0013040000 with curved or rotary stencil carriers B41L0013060000 with a single cylinder carrying the stencil B41L0013080000 with stencil carried by two or more cylinders, e.g. through the intermediary of endless bands B41L0013100000 Clips or clamps for securing stencils to stencil carriers B41L0013120000 for special purposes, e.g. for reproducing Braille characters B41L0013140000 Attachments, e.g. for punching, cutting, severing B41L0013160000 Driving gear; Control thereof B41L0015000000 Letterpress printing apparatus specially adapted for office or other commercial purposes (in general B41F;printing plates or foils, materials therefor B41N0001000000) B41L0015020000 with flat printing surfaces, e.g. with flat type-beds, surfaces made of thin sheet material or moulded from plastics or rubber B41L0015040000 of composed type locked in chases B41L0015060000 with curved printing surfaces, e.g. cylinders B41L0015080000 with stereotypes B41L0015100000 for multicolour printing; for perfecting B41L0015120000 Driving gear; Control thereof B41L0015140000 Attachments, e.g. for punching, cutting, severing B41L0017000000 Lithographic printing apparatus for office or other commercial purposes (in general B41F;printing plates or foils, materials therefor B41N0001000000) B41L0017020000 for direct impression printing B41L0017040000 with flat printing surfaces B41L0017060000 with curved printing surfaces, e.g. cylinders B41L0017080000 for offset printing B41L0017100000 with flat printing surfaces, e.g. co-operating with travelling offset cylinders B41L0017120000 with curved printing surfaces, e.g. forme cylinders B41L0017140000 of two-cylinder type, e.g. co-operating forme and impression cylinders B41L0017160000 of three-cylinder type B41L0017180000 for multicolour printing, e.g. tandem machines; for perfecting B41L0017200000 without damping means, e.g. using heat-activatable inks, refrigerated printing surfaces B41L0017220000 Driving gear; Control thereof B41L0017240000 Attachments, e.g. for punching, cutting, severing B41L0019000000 Duplicating or printing apparatus or machines for office or other commercial purposes, of special types or for particular purposes and not otherwise provided for (addressographs B41L0045000000);; B41L0019020000 having forme cylinders carrying a plurality of printing surfaces, or for performing letterpress and lithographic processes selectively or in combination (in general B41F0011000000);; B41L0019040000 for printing from selected parts of one or more printing surfaces in one cycle, e.g. line printing (by inking selected areas B41L0027200000);; B41L0019060000 with co-operating forme and impression cylinders B41L0019080000 by effecting relative movement of forme and impression cylinders during printing cycle B41L0019100000 by projecting and retracting parts of the surfaces of the forme cylinders B41L0019120000 by masking parts of the printing surfaces on the forme cylinders B41L0019140000 by selective damping of the copy material B41L0019160000 by selective tripping of impression cylinders B41L0021000000 Devices for conveying sheets or webs of copy material through apparatus or machines for manifolding, duplicating, or printing (mechanisms for conveying copy material through addressographs or like series-printing machines B41L0047240000;feeding sheets or webs to or from printing apparatus or machines B65H) B41L0021020000 for conveying sheets B41L0021040000 Pins B41L0021060000 Grippers B41L0021080000 Suction-operated grippers B41L0021100000 Combinations of endless conveyers and grippers B41L0021120000 for conveying webs B41L0023000000 Devices for treating the surface of sheets, webs, or other articles in connection with printing (cleaning in general B08, of metals C23G;as a final step in the manufacture of such articles, see the appropriate sub-classes, e.g. B29C0025000000, B29D0007200000, D21H0001000000; surface treatment in general B08B) B41L0023020000 by damping, e.g. by moistening copy-sheets in connection with hectographic printing B41L0023040000 using friction rollers B41L0023060000 using brushes B41L0023080000 using spray elements B41L0023100000 using endless bands B41L0023120000 using absorbent pads B41L0023140000 Ducts, containers, or like supply devices for liquids B41L0023160000 Devices for tripping or lifting damping rollers; Supporting, adjusting, or removing arrangements therefor B41L0023180000 Construction of damping rollers B41L0023200000 by heat drying, by cooling, by applying powders B41L0023220000 Powdering devices, e.g. for preventing set-off B41L0023240000 Print-finishing devices, e.g. for glossing prints B41L0025000000 Devices for damping printing surfaces, e.g. moistening printing surfaces in connection with lithographic printing (applying liquids to surfaces in general B05);; B41L0025020000 using friction rollers B41L0025040000 using brushes B41L0025060000 using spraying elements B41L0025080000 using endless bands B41L0025100000 using absorbent pads B41L0025120000 Ducts, containers, or like supply devices for liquids B41L0025140000 Inking rollers serving also to apply ink repellent B41L0025160000 Devices for tripping or lifting damping rollers; Supporting, adjusting, or removing arrangements therefor B41L0025180000 Construction of damping rollers B41L0027000000 Inking arrangements or devices (applying liquids to surfaces, in general B05);; B41L0027020000 adapted for inking by hand B41L0027040000 Ducts, containers, or supply devices B41L0027060000 Duct-blades or like supply devices B41L0027080000 Troughs or like reservoirs with immersed, or partly immersed, rollers B41L0027100000 with ink-ejection means, e.g. pumps B41L0027120000 Feed or duct rollers (messenger or moving transfer rollers B41L0027160000);; B41L0027140000 adjustable for regulating supply B41L0027160000 Messenger or other moving transfer rollers B41L0027180000 Continuous, e.g. endless-band, apparatus B41L0027200000 for inking selected parts of printing formes B41L0027220000 Ink-removing or collecting devices B41L0027240000 for inking from interior of cylinder B41L0027260000 Absorbent pads B41L0027280000 Construction of inking rollers B41L0027300000 Spray apparatus B41L0027320000 Arrangements for tripping, lifting, adjusting, or removing inking rollers; Supports, bearings, or forks therefor B41L0027340000 Lifting or adjusting devices B41L0027360000 Cam, eccentric, wedge, or the like devices B41L0027380000 fluid-pressure operated B41L0027400000 magnetically operated B41L0029000000 Devices for attaching printing elements or formes to supports B41L0029020000 magnetic B41L0029040000 for attaching printing elements to flat type-beds B41L0029060000 for attaching printing elements to forme cylinders B41L0029080000 for attaching printing formes to flat type-beds B41L0029100000 for attaching non-deformable curved printing formes to forme cylinders B41L0029120000 for attaching flexible printing formes B41L0029140000 Clamping devices B41L0029160000 operating automatically during operation of rotary machines to attach the printing formes to the forme cylinders B41L0029180000 electromagnetic, pneumatic, or hydraulic B41L0029200000 for adjusting position of leading edges of flexible printing formes circumferentially of forme cylinders B41L0029220000 for attaching printing formes to intermediate supports, e.g. adapter members B41L0031000000 Devices for removing flexible printing formes from forme cylinders B41L0033000000 Pressing flexible printing formes or sheets or webs of copy material against cylinders, e.g. for smoothing purposes B41L0035000000 Cylinders for apparatus or machines for manifolding, duplicating, or printing for office or other commercial purposes B41L0035020000 Forme cylinders B41L0035040000 Registering devices B41L0035060000 with means for displacing the cylinders B41L0035080000 with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders B41L0035100000 Impression cylinders B41L0035120000 Bearings or supports for forme, offset or transfer, or impression cylinders B41L0035140000 Means for heating or cooling forme or impression cylinders B41L0035160000 Cylinder-tripping devices; Cylinder-impression adjustments B41L0035180000 Arrangements or dispositions of cylinder bearings, forks, or supports B41L0035200000 Eccentric bearings B41L0035220000 Sliding bearings B41L0035240000 Swinging bearings B41L0035260000 Cylinder-lifting or adjusting devices B41L0035280000 Cams, eccentrics, wedges, or the like B41L0035300000 electrically or magnetically operated B41L0035320000 fluid-pressure operated B41L0035340000 Guards or covers, e.g. for safety purposes, for preventing egress or ingress of foreign matter B41L0037000000 Overlays or other make-ready arrangements or devices; Impression or offset surfaces, e.g. blankets B41L0037020000 Blankets or like coverings B41L0037040000 attached to impression members B41L0037060000 Endless or like continuously fed coverings B41L0037080000 Make-ready devices, e.g. underlays, overlays B41L0039000000 Indicating, counting, warning, control or safety devices B41L0039020000 Indicating devices, e.g. counters B41L0039040000 Tripping devices or stop-motions B41L0039060000 for starting or stopping operation of sheet or web feed B41L0039080000 for starting or stopping operation of cylinders B41L0039100000 for starting or stopping operation of damping or inking units B41L0039120000 for starting or stopping the machines as a whole B41L0039140000 Automatic control of tripping devices by feelers, photoelectric devices, pneumatic devices, or other detectors B41L0039160000 Programming systems for automatic control of sequence of operations B41L0041000000 Cleaning arrangements or devices B41L0041020000 for forme cylinders B41L0041040000 for inking rollers B41L0041060000 for offset cylinders B41L0043000000 Auxiliary folding, collecting, or depositing of sheets or webs (in general B65H);; B41L0043020000 Folding B41L0043040000 lengthwise B41L0043060000 crosswise B41L0043080000 Folding-cylinders or -drums B41L0043100000 Collecting B41L0043120000 and stapling B41L0043140000 Adding inserts B41L0043160000 Depositing B41L0045000000 Kinds or types of addressographs or of like series-printing machines B41L0045020000 using printing plates B41L0045040000 composed on type-setting machines B41L0045060000 for addressing combined with other operations, e.g. franking, collating documents B41L0045080000 with printing surfaces in the form of belts, or carried by chains B41L0045100000 for addressing combined with other operations, e.g. franking, collating documents B41L0045120000 with separate devices for printing additional texts or images, e.g. for printing receipts on blank sheets or webs B41L0047000000 Details of addressographs or like series-printing machines (common details of printing machines B41F0021000000-B41F0035000000); B41L0047020000 Applications of printing surfaces in addressographs or like series-printing machines (printing surfaces per B41N);; B41L0047040000 of flat or curved plates for relief printing B41L0047060000 of flat or curved stencils B41L0047080000 of flat or curved plates for hectographic printing B41L0047100000 of printing surfaces in the form of belts or chains B41L0047120000 Auxiliary devices, e.g. for flattening plates, for assembling plates in predetermined order, for wetting stencils B41L0047140000 Devices or arrangements for storing or handling plates B41L0047160000 Magazines B41L0047180000 Devices for feeding the plates in their plane B41L0047200000 Devices for feeding the plates otherwise than in their plane, e.g. transversely thereto B41L0047220000 with means for presenting plates for repeated printing operations B41L0047240000 Mechanisms for conveying copy material through addressographs or like series-printing machines (in general B65H);; B41L0047260000 for conveying or positioning single sheet-like articles, e.g. envelopes B41L0047280000 with gauging-rulers or the like, e.g. for facilitating hand-printing of copy material fed from stacks B41L0047300000 for conveying webs B41L0047320000 combined with devices for other purposes, e.g. for cutting, severing, gluing B41L0047340000 specially adapted for conveying chains of forms B41L0047360000 for conveying sheets or webs for tabulating purposes; Tabulating mechanisms combined with sheet or web conveyers B41L0047380000 with clamping means for head or margin B41L0047400000 with means for automatically reciprocating sheet or web transversely to enable addresses to be printed in columns side by side B41L0047420000 Printing mechanisms B41L0047440000 using flat platens B41L0047460000 using line-contact members, e.g. rollers, cylinders B41L0047480000 with inking or ink-ribbon devices B41L0047500000 using multiple impression-members or -surfaces, e.g. for printing series of addresses with standing context, for printing from selected parts of printing surfaces (applications of counting, numbering, or dating apparatus B41L0049020000);; B41L0047520000 with movable counter-pressure plates for printing from selected areas of printing surfaces B41L0047540000 with means for automatically reciprocating printing plate transversely to enable addresses to be printed in columns side by side B41L0047560000 Indicating, warning, control, or safety devices (B41L0047580000 takes precedence);; B41L0047580000 Arrangements or devices for selecting, or for facilitating selection of, text or image to be printed B41L0047600000 Markings applied to printing plates, e.g. code marks, colours, clips, perforations, edge notches, projections B41L0047620000 Selecting devices, e.g. cams, windows, position indicators B41L0047640000 Automatic selecting devices with or without overriding manual control, e.g. with scanning-fingers, with presetting controls operable by push-buttons, with programme control by punched tapes B41L0049000000 Accessories or attachments for addressographs or like series-printing machines B41L0049020000 Counting, numbering, or dating devices B41L0049040000 Devices for applying selection markings to printing plates B41M PRINTING, DUPLICATING, MARKING, OR COPYING METHODS; COLOUR PRINTING (printing textiles D06P);; B41M0001000000 Inking and printing with a printer's forme B41M0001020000 Letterpress printing, e.g. book printing B41M0001040000 Aniline printing B41M0001060000 Lithographic printing B41M0001080000 Dry printing B41M0001100000 Intaglio printing B41M0001120000 Stencil printing; Silk-screen printing B41M0001140000 Multicolour printing B41M0001160000 using different inks which flow into one another to produce iridescent effects B41M0001180000 Printing one ink over another B41M0001200000 by applying differently-coloured inks simultaneously to different parts of the printing surface B41M0001220000 Metallic printing; Printing with powdered inks B41M0001240000 combined with embossing B41M0001260000 Printing on other surfaces than ordinary paper (B41M0001400000 takes precedence);; B41M0001280000 on metals B41M0001300000 on organic plastics, horn, or like materials B41M0001320000 on rubber B41M0001340000 on glass or ceramic surfaces B41M0001360000 on pretreated papers B41M0001380000 on wooden surfaces, leather, or linoleum (printing on matches or match boxes when combined with match manufacture C06F0001180000);; B41M0001400000 Printing on bodies of particular shapes B41M0003000000 Printing processes to produce particular kinds of printed works B41M0003020000 maps; sea or meteorological charts B41M0003040000 music B41M0003060000 veined printings; fluorescent printings; stereoscopic images B41M0003080000 printed electrical circuits B41M0003100000 watermarks B41M0003120000 transfer pictures (decalcomanias) B41M0003140000 Security printing B41M0003160000 Braille printing B41M0003180000 particular kinds of wallpapers B41M0005000000 Duplicating or marking methods; Sheet materials for use therein (by using light-sensitive materials G03;electrography, magnetography G03G) B41M0005020000 by transferring ink by pressure from the master sheet B41M0005040000 using alcohol-soluble dyestuffs on the master sheet B41M0005060000 using master sheets coated with jelly-like materials, e.g. gelatin B41M0005080000 Sheet materials therefor B41M0005100000 by using carbon paper and the like B41M0005120000 by uniting colour-forming components or making masked colour visible B41M0005140000 situated in a single sheet B41M0005160000 by pressure B41M0005180000 by heat (B41M0005200000 takes precedence);; B41M0005200000 by electrical currents B41M0005220000 with colour formers situated in different sheets B41M0005240000 by burning marks, e.g. making holes, or by scorching with sparks B41M0005260000 Other thermographic methods B41M0007000000 After-treatment of prints, e.g. heating, irradiating B41M0007020000 Dusting; Varnishing B41M0009000000 Make-readies B41M0009020000 Relief make-readies B41M0009040000 photomechanical B41N PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS (photosensitive materials G03);;MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM B41N0001000000 Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor B41N0001020000 made of stone B41N0001040000 metallic B41N0001060000 for relief printing or intaglio printing B41N0001080000 for lithographic printing B41N0001100000 multiple B41N0001120000 non-metallic other than stone B41N0001140000 Lithographic printing foils B41N0001160000 Curved printing plates, especially cylinders B41N0001180000 made of stone B41N0001200000 made of metal B41N0001220000 made of other substances B41N0001240000 Stencils; Stencil materials; Carriers therefor B41N0003000000 Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces B41N0003020000 by abrasion or etching B41N0003040000 Graining B41N0003060000 by use of detergents B41N0003080000 Damping; Neutralising lithographic printing formes B41N0005000000 Mounting boards; Flanges (chemical part) B41N0005020000 Chemical means for fastening printing formes on mounting boards B41N0007000000 Shells for rollers of printing machines B41N0007020000 of leather B41N0007040000 for damping rollers B41N0009000000 Cylinder blankets for back-pressure cylinders; Wipers for intaglio printing B41N0009020000 Offset blankets B41N0011000000 Stereotype mats B42 BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER B42B PERMANENTLY ATTACHING TOGETHER SHEETS, QUIRES, OR SIGNATURES, OR PERMANENTLY ATTACHING OBJECTS THERETO (stapling apparatus B25C, B27F);; B42B0001000000 Permanently attaching together sheets, quires, or signatures by stitching with thread or like multi-filamentary material B42B0001020000 Machines for stitching with thread B42B0001040000 with straight needles B42B0001060000 with curved needles B42B0001080000 with devices for forming safety knots or with tying mechanisms B42B0001100000 Hand stitching tools B42B0003000000 Permanently attaching together sheets, quires, or signatures by discontinuous stitching with mono-filamentary material (by stapling B25C0005000000, B27F0007000000;staples F16B0015000000) B42B0003020000 Rotary-type stitching machines B42B0005000000 Permanently attaching together sheets, quires, or signatures otherwise than by stitching (by deformation thereof B31F;by adhesive peculiar to bookbinding B42C0009000000) B42B0005020000 by eyelets (for garments A41H0037020000;for shoes A43D0100000000) B42B0005040000 by laces or ribbons B42B0005060000 by clips B42B0005080000 by finger, claw, or ring-like elements passing through the sheets, quires, or signatures B42B0005100000 the elements being of castellated or comb-like form B42B0005120000 the elements being coils B42B0007000000 Permanently attaching objects, e.g. map sections, to sheets B42B0009000000 Devices common to machines for carrying out the processes in B42B0001000000, B42B0003000000, B42B0005000000; or B42B0007000000; (auxiliary equipment in making paper articles B31F;auxiliary equipment in printing machines B41; conveyers in general B65G) B42B0009020000 for opening quires or signatures B42B0009040000 for conveying downwardly-open signatures B42B0009060000 for pasting B42C BOOKBINDING (cutting or perforating machines, devices, or tools B26;folding sheets or webs B31F, B65H; ornamenting books B44) B42C0001000000 Collating or gathering sheets or signatures; Collating or gathering combined with processes permanently attaching together the sheets or signatures of for interposing inserts B42C0001020000 Machines or equipment for only collating or gathering B42C0001040000 with round rotary carriers B42C0001060000 with vertically-stacked carriers (stacked trays B42F0007120000);; B42C0001080000 with horizontally-arranged carriers B42C0001100000 Machines for both collating or gathering and interposing inserts B42C0001120000 Machines for both collating or gathering and permanently attaching together the sheets or signatures B42C0003000000 Making booklets, pads, or form sets from multiple webs B42C0005000000 Preparing the edges or backs of leaves or signatures for binding B42C0005020000 by rounding or backing B42C0005040000 by notching or roughening B42C0005060000 by fanning B42C0007000000 Manufacturing bookbinding cases or covers of loose-leaf binders (book covers B42D0003000000);; B42C0009000000 Applying glue or adhesive peculiar to bookbinding B42C0009020000 for securing back linings, strips, ribbons, or headbands B42C0011000000 Casing-in B42C0011020000 Machines or equipment for casing-in or applying covers to pamphlets, magazines, pads, or other paper-covered booklets (B42C0011060000 takes precedence);; B42C0011040000 Machines or equipment for casing-in or applying covers to books (B42C0011060000 takes precedence);; B42C0011060000 Machines or equipment for casing-in by welding plastic materials B42C0013000000 Bookbinding presses (general features of presses B30B);;Joint-creasing equipment for bookbindings; Drying or setting devices for books B42C0015000000 Jacketing books B42C0017000000 Rebinding books B42C0019000000 Multi-step processes for making books B42C0019020000 starting with single sheets B42C0019040000 starting with signatures B42C0019060000 starting with webs not provided for elsewhere B42C0019080000 Conveying between operating stations in machines (conveyers in general B65G);; B42D BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS (book stands A47B;reading desks A47B0019000000; book rests A47B0023000000) B42D0001000000 Books or other bound products (match books A24F0027120000;children's picture books A63H0033380000; indexing features B42F0021000000) B42D0001020000 in which the fillings and covers are connected by end papers B42D0001040000 in which the fillings and the spine portions of the covers are secured integrally, e.g. paper-backs (in French "livres brochés", in German "Broschüren"); B42D0001060000 in which the fillings and covers are united by other means B42D0001080000 Albums (filing features thereof B42F);; B42D0001100000 Files with adhesive strips for mounting papers B42D0003000000 Book covers (loose-leaf binders B42F);; B42D0003020000 made of special materials B42D0003040000 loose B42D0003060000 with hinges B42D0003080000 Ornamented covers B42D0003100000 with locks or closures B42D0003120000 combined with other articles B42D0003140000 with column markers or line or heading indicators B42D0003160000 with means for holding books open B42D0003180000 Other accessories B42D0005000000 Sheets united without binding to form pads or blocks (processes therefor B42B);; B42D0005020000 Form sets (book-keeping forms B42D0015060000);; B42D0005040000 Calendar blocks B42D0005060000 Tear-off calendar blocks B42D0007000000 Newspapers or the like B42D0009000000 Bookmarkers; Spot indicators; Devices for holding books open (combined with covers B42D0003160000);;Leaf turners B42D0009020000 Automatic bookmarkers B42D0009040000 Leaf turners B42D0009060000 having an arm reset after each operation B42D0009080000 having radial arms, one per leaf, operated successively B42D0011000000 Carrying forward or transferring entries from one page to another, e.g. for book-keeping B42D0013000000 Loose leaves modified for binding; Inserts (loose leaves modified for temporary attachment B42F0003000000;indexing features B42F0021000000) B42D0015000000 Printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for (sheets temporarily attached together or with objects so attached thereto B42F;labels G09F0003000000) B42D0015020000 Postcards; Greeting, menu, business, or like cards (usable as envelopes B65D0027000000);; B42D0015040000 Foldable or multiple-part cards B42D0015060000 Book-keeping forms B42D0017000000 Hanging or securing books, newspapers, or the like (suspended filing appliances B42F0015000000);; B42D0019000000 Movable-strip writing or reading apparatus (manifolding apparatus B41L;adapting for use as cash registers G07G) B42F SHEETS TEMPORARILY ATTACHED TOGETHER; FILING APPLIANCES; FILE CARDS; INDEXING (reading desks A47B0019000000;book rests A47B0023000000) B42F0001000000 Sheets temporarily attached together without perforating; Means therefor B42F0001020000 Paper-clips or like fasteners (B42F0001120000 takes precedence);; B42F0001040000 metallic B42F0001060000 of flat cross-section B42F0001080000 of round cross-section B42F0001100000 non-metallic B42F0001120000 Means for attaching together sheet corners exclusively B42F0003000000 Sheets temporarily attached together involving perforations; Means therefor; Sheet details therefor (staples, fasteners in general F16B);; B42F0003020000 Attachment means of bifurcated form B42F0003040000 Attachment means of ring, finger, or claw form (ring files B42F0013160000);; B42F0003060000 Attachment means of coiled form B42F0005000000 Sheets and objects temporarily attached together; Means therefor; Albums (bookbinding aspects of albums B42D0001080000;advertising or display aspects G09) B42F0005020000 Stamp or like filing arrangements in albums B42F0005040000 with transparent pockets B42F0005060000 Corner-holding devices, e.g. for photographs B42F0007000000 Filing appliances without fastening means (B42F0017000000 takes precedence;suspension files B42F0015000000; wallets, notecases, briefcases A45C, e.g. A45C0001000000; furniture features A47B, A47F; envelopes B65D0027000000) B42F0007020000 Single gussetted pockets B42F0007040000 Covers with retention means B42F0007060000 Portfolios or cases with a plurality of compartments (indexing features B42F0021000000);; B42F0007080000 expansible B42F0007100000 Trays B42F0007120000 Stacked trays B42F0007140000 Boxes (box features in general B65D);; B42F0009000000 Filing appliances with devices clamping file edges; Covers with clamping backs (B42F0013000000, B42F0017000000 take precedence);; B42F0011000000 Filing appliances with separate intermediate holding means (B42F0017000000 takes precedence;with adhesive strips for mounting papers or sheets B42D0001100000) B42F0011020000 engaging folds (B42F0011040000 takes precedence);; B42F0011040000 magnetic B42F0013000000 Filing appliances with means for engaging perforations or slots (B42F0017000000 takes precedence;indexing features B42F0021000000) B42F0013020000 with flexible or resilient means B42F0013040000 with cords, coils, or chains B42F0013060000 with strips or bands B42F0013080000 of metal B42F0013100000 of plastic B42F0013120000 with pillars, posts, rods, or tubes (B42F0013300000 takes precedence);; B42F0013140000 with clamping or locking means (pressure bars B42F0013360000);; B42F0013160000 with claws or rings (B42F0013300000 takes precedence;for permanent binding B42B0005080000) B42F0013180000 on two bars relatively movable longitudinally B42F0013200000 pivotable about an axis or axes parallel to binding edges B42F0013220000 in two sections engaging each other when closed B42F0013240000 wherein one section is in the form of fixed rods B42F0013260000 and locked when so engaged, e.g. snap action B42F0013280000 in two staggered sections B42F0013300000 having a set of rods within a set of tubes for a substantial distance when closed B42F0013320000 the nesting portions of the rods and tubes being straight B42F0013340000 with the rods locking in the tubes B42F0013360000 Locking followers; Pressure bars B42F0013380000 Expansible cover splines B42F0013400000 combined or formed with other articles, e.g. punches, stands B42F0013420000 Content-transfer devices; Converting into permanent binders B42F0015000000 Suspended filing appliances (indexing features B42F0021000000;hanging of books, newspapers, or the like B42D0017000000) B42F0015020000 in concertina form B42F0015040000 Backs or the like therefor B42F0015060000 for hanging large drawings or the like B42F0017000000 Card-filing arrangements, e.g. card indexes or catalogues or filing cabinets (indexing features B42F0021000000;furniture features A47B, A47F) B42F0017020000 in which the cards are stored substantially at right angles to the bottom of their containers B42F0017040000 the cards being staggered sideways B42F0017060000 with separable or loose card-separating means B42F0017080000 Construction of the containers, e.g. trays or drawers B42F0017100000 Hinged walls B42F0017120000 Dividing means B42F0017140000 Locking followers B42F0017160000 with card-retaining means B42F0017180000 in which the cards are stored in a flat position B42F0017200000 and are pivotable relative to the bottom of their containers B42F0017220000 Connections between the cards and their containers B42F0017240000 Special adaptations for use of index strips B42F0017260000 Stands for the containers B42F0017280000 in the form of endless bands or revolving drums B42F0017300000 modified for particular uses B42F0017320000 with means for staggering cards B42F0017340000 with card-selection means, e.g. telephone-number list finders (selecting devices for data cards G06K0021000000);; B42F0019000000 File cards (B42F0021000000 takes precedence;punched cards, e.g. for manual use, G06K0021000000) B42F0019020000 folded B42F0019040000 with receptacles or other holding devices B42F0021000000 Indexing means; Indexing tabs or protectors therefor B42F0021020000 Tabs integral with sheets, papers, cards, or suspension files B42F0021040000 Tabs permanently fastened to sheets, papers, cards, or suspension files B42F0021060000 Tabs detachably mounted on sheets, papers, cards, or suspension files B42F0021080000 in one of a number of predetermined positions B42F0021100000 represented by slits B42F0021120000 sheets, papers, or cards having edges cut away to facilitate indexing, e.g. thumb cuts on books B43 WRITING AND DRAWING APPLIANCES; BUREAU ACCESSORIES B43K INSTRUMENTS FOR WRITING; DRAWING-PENS B43K0001000000 Nibs (continuously-adjustable nibs B43K0017000000);;Writing-points B43K0001020000 Split nibs B43K0001040000 with broadened tips B43K0001060000 Tubular nibs B43K0001080000 with ball points; Balls or ball beds B43K0001100000 Wire nibs B43K0001120000 Writing-points comprising fibres; Felt pads B43K0003000000 Nib holders (holders for continuously-adjustable nibs B43K0017000000);; B43K0003020000 with ink guards B43K0003040000 with retractable nibs (mechanisms for locking nibs B43K0024000000);; B43K0005000000 Pens with ink reservoirs in holders, e.g. fountain-pens (reservoirs as part of nibs B43K0001000000;ball-point pens B43K0007000000; pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls B43K0008000000; multiple writing appliances B43K0027000000) B43K0005020000 Ink reservoirs B43K0005040000 flexible B43K0005060000 with movable pistons B43K0005080000 with ink-supplying valves B43K0005100000 with reserve ink chambers B43K0005120000 with ink-level inspection means B43K0005140000 Exchangeable ink cartridges B43K0005160000 with retractable nibs (mechanisms for locking nibs B43K0024000000);; B43K0005180000 Arrangements for feeding the ink to the nibs B43K0007000000 Ball-point pens (multiple writing appliances B43K0027000000);; B43K0007020000 Ink reservoirs; Ink Cartridges B43K0007040000 Arrangements for refilling the reservoirs, e.g. arrangements at the ball-point ends B43K0007060000 Reservoirs with ink-level inspection means B43K0007080000 Preventing leakage B43K0007100000 Arrangements for feeding the ink to the ball points B43K0007120000 with retractable ball points (mechanisms for locking ball points B43K0024000000);; B43K0008000000 Pens with writing-points other than nibs or balls (brushes with reservoir for supplying substances A46B0011000000);; B43K0009000000 Caps for pens B43K0011000000 Filling devices (ink receptacles B43L0025000000);; B43K0011020000 for fountain pens B43K0011040000 for ball-point pens B43K0013000000 Devices for removing, wiping nibs B43K0015000000 Assembling, finishing, or repairing pens B43K0015020000 Automatic machines B43K0017000000 Continuously-adjustable nibs, e.g. drawing-pens; Holders therefor (features common to fountain-pens B43K0005000000);; B43K0017020000 Nibs having each more than two legs B43K0017040000 Holders with arrangements for drawing dotted lines B43K0019000000 Non-propelling pencils; Styles; Chalks (writing-core compositions for pencils or chalks C09D);; B43K0019020000 Lead pencils; Coloured pencils B43K0019040000 Pencils with metallic writing core B43K0019060000 the writing-core being made from substance wearing off during use B43K0019080000 the writing-core being made from wear-resistant substances B43K0019100000 equipped with ball point (using ink B43K0001080000, B43K0007000000);; B43K0019120000 Slate pencils B43K0019140000 Sheathings B43K0019160000 Making non-propelling pencils (making slate-pencil writing-cores B28D);; B43K0019180000 Making pencil writing-cores B43K0021000000 Propelling pencils (projecting mechanisms for writing units B43K0024000000;multiple writing appliances B43K0027000000) B43K0021020000 Writing-core feeding mechanisms B43K0021040000 with the writing-cores brought into position by gravity B43K0021060000 with the writing-cores fed by means sliding in longitudinally-slotted casings B43K0021080000 with the writing-cores fed by screws B43K0021100000 with separate writing-core remnants ejecting-bar B43K0021120000 with means preventing overwinding B43K0021140000 with writing-cores automatically replaced from magazines B43K0021160000 with stepwise feed of writing-cores B43K0021180000 having ratchet means B43K0021200000 with writing-cores automatically replaced from magazines B43K0021220000 Writing-cores gripping means, e.g. chucks B43K0021240000 Assembling, finishing, or repairing propelling pencils (making pencil writing-cores B43K0019180000);; B43K0021260000 Automatic machines B43K0023000000 Holders for pencils or chalks; Pencils connectors; Means for protecting the writing-core points B43K0023020000 Holders, connectors, or protecting means with means for preventing rolling B43K0023040000 and enabling the pencils or chalks to be set upright B43K0024000000 Mechanisms for selecting, projecting, or locking writing units B43K0024020000 for locking writing units in only fully projected and retracted positions B43K0024040000 operated by means sliding in longitudinally-slotted casings B43K0024060000 operated by turning means B43K0024080000 operated by push-buttons B43K0024100000 for selecting and projecting writing units B43K0024120000 operated by means sliding in longitudinally-slotted casings B43K0024140000 operated by turning means B43K0024160000 operated by push-buttons B43K0024180000 and for feeding the writing cores B43K0025000000 Attaching writing appliances to wearing-apparel or objects involving constructional changes of the appliances (pen caps B43K0009000000;garment-holding devices A44B0021000000; fastening articles to wearing-apparel A45F0005020000) B43K0027000000 Multiple, e.g. multicolour, writing appliances; Combinations of writing appliances (B43K0029000000 takes precedence;mechanisms for selecting, projecting, or locking writing units B43K0024000000; multiple writing devices with pantographic linkages B43L0013120000) B43K0027020000 Combinations of pens and pencils B43K0027040000 Combinations of pencils (writing-core feed mechanisms B43K0021020000);; B43K0027080000 Combinations of pens B43K0027100000 Combinations of fountain pens B43K0027120000 Combinations of ball-point pens B43K0029000000 Combinations of writing appliances with other articles B43K0029020000 with rubbers B43K0029040000 with blotters B43K0029060000 with sharpening devices (with erasing knives B43K0029180000;pocket knives with pencils B26B) B43K0029080000 with measuring or computing devices B43K0029100000 with illuminating devices B43K0029120000 with memorandum appliances (with book covers B42D);; B43K0029140000 with calendars B43K0029160000 with lighters B43K0029180000 with hand tools, e.g. erasing knives (with pocket knives B26B);; B43K0029200000 with other articles having storage compartments (with lighters B43K0029160000;writing appliances functioning as, or combined with, writing or drawing appliance receptacles B43K0031000000) B43K0031000000 Writing or drawing appliance receptacles functioning as, or combined with, writing or drawing appliances (writing or drawing appliance receptacles A45C0011340000, A45C0011360000);; B43L ARTICLES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING UPON; ACCESSORIES FOR WRITING OR DRAWING (workshop equipment for marking-out work B25H0007000000);; B43L0001000000 Repeatedly-usable boards or tablets for writing or drawing (drawing-boards B43L0005000000);; B43L0001020000 Slates B43L0001040000 Blackboards (easels A47B0097040000);; B43L0001060000 rigid B43L0001080000 flexible B43L0001100000 Writing surfaces thereof B43L0001120000 having translucent writing surfaces producing visual impressions by co-operation with backing members B43L0003000000 Writing or drawing-underlays, e.g. blotting pads (blotters B43L0017000000);; B43L0005000000 Drawing-boards (drawing-desks or tables A47B0027000000, A47B0085020000;stands for drawing-boards A47B0097040000) B43L0005020000 having means for clamping sheets of paper thereto (drawing-pins B43M0015000000);; B43L0007000000 Rulers (guides for rulers other than for T-squares B43L0013040000;adjustable curve rulers B43L0013220000; devices for measuring length G01B) B43L0007020000 T-squares B43L0007040000 with rollers (with interconnected rollers B43L0013020000);; B43L0007060000 with adjustably-pivoted arms B43L0007080000 with arrangements for attaching additional drawing equipment, e.g. for hatching, dotting B43L0009000000 Circular curve-drawing or like instruments (curve rulers or templets B43L0013200000);; B43L0009020000 Compasses (proportional compasses B43L0009080000;compasses for drawing spirals B43L0011060000) B43L0009040000 Beam compasses B43L0009060000 with legs formed by flat springs B43L0009080000 Proportional compasses or dividers B43L0009100000 with arrangements for drawing polygons B43L0009120000 Dividers (proportional dividers B43L0009080000);; B43L0009140000 with changeable legends for conversion into compasses, dividers, or callipers (B43L0009240000 takes precedence);; B43L0009160000 Features common to compasses, dividers, and callipers B43L0009180000 Legs with toggle joints B43L0009200000 Pivots B43L0009220000 Leg-angle adjusting-means separate from pivots B43L0009240000 Means for mounting points or writing appliances on legs B43L0011000000 Non-circular-curve-drawing instruments (curve rulers or templets B43L0013200000);; B43L0011020000 for drawing conic sections B43L0011040000 for drawing ellipses B43L0011060000 for drawing spirals B43L0011080000 for drawing involutes B43L0013000000 Drawing instruments, or writing or drawing appliances, not otherwise provided for; Drawing accessories (stencils for surface decoration B44D);; B43L0013020000 Draughting machines or drawing devices for keeping parallelism (T-squares B43L0007020000);; B43L0013040000 Guides for rulers B43L0013060000 with pivoted guide rods B43L0013080000 Protractor heads B43L0013100000 Pantographic instruments for copying, enlarging, or diminishing B43L0013120000 Multiple writing devices B43L0013140000 Devices for drawing in perspective B43L0013160000 free-hand B43L0013180000 having optical or projecting equipment (optical systems or apparatus G02B;projectors G03B) B43L0013200000 Curve rulers or templets B43L0013220000 Adjustable curve rulers B43L0013240000 Devices for generating stepwise movements of drawing equipment, e.g. for hatching B43L0015000000 Supports for attachment to hands or arms for facilitating writing or drawing B43L0017000000 Blotters (blotting pads B43L0003000000;making blotting paper D21F0011140000) B43L0017020000 for blotting-paper sheets B43L0017040000 hand-held B43L0017060000 for reeled blotting-paper B43L0017080000 Roller blotters B43L0017100000 using blotting material other than paper B43L0019000000 Erasers, rubbers, or erasing devices; Holders therefor (rubbers or erasing knives combined with writing appliances B43K0029020000, B43K0029180000);; B43L0019020000 Erasing knives (knives in general B26B);; B43L0019040000 Fibrous erasers B43L0021000000 Blackboard or slate-cleaning devices B43L0021020000 with means for absorbing the chalk dust B43L0021040000 Wiper holders B43L0023000000 Sharpeners for pencils or leads (grinding or cutting tools in general B26, B24);; B43L0023020000 with gearing B43L0023040000 with cranked handles B43L0023060000 in which the pencils or leads are sharpened by only axial movement against cutting blades B43L0023080000 in which the pencils or leads are sharpened mainly by rotational movement against cutting blades (B43L0023020000 takes precedence);; B43L0025000000 Ink receptacles (liquid receptacles in general B65D, e.g. B65D0001000000);; B43L0025020000 with separate dipping-cups B43L0025040000 supplied by pressure arrangements B43L0025060000 supplied by tilting the receptacles B43L0025080000 with arrangements for dissolving ink powder B43L0025100000 with means for holding objects B43L0025120000 with pen-wiping means B43L0027000000 Ink stands B43L0027020000 having means for securing objects thereon B43L0027040000 securable to other objects B43M BUREAU ACCESSORIES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (stapling devices B25C0005000000;devices for temporarily attaching sheets together B42F) B43M0001000000 Fixing seals on documents (embossing dies B44B;seals per G09F0003000000) B43M0001020000 Sealing-wax holders B43M0003000000 Devices for inserting documents into envelopes (combined devices for inserting documents into, and closing, envelopes B43M0005000000);; B43M0003020000 equipped with document-folding means (B43M0003040000 takes precedence);; B43M0003040000 automatic B43M0005000000 Devices for closing envelopes B43M0005020000 Hand devices for both moistening gummed flaps of envelopes and for closing the envelopes B43M0005040000 automatic B43M0007000000 Devices for opening envelopes (cutting tools in general B26);; B43M0007020000 Devices for both opening envelopes and removing contents B43M0009000000 Paper-weights B43M0011000000 Hand or desk devices of the office or personal type for applying liquid, other than ink, by contact to surfaces, e.g. for applying adhesive (combined with envelope-closing devices B43M0005020000;reservoir brushes A46B0011000000; spreading liquids on surfaces in general B05C; liquid receptacles B65D) B43M0011020000 with rollers B43M0011040000 with pads (B43M0011060000 takes precedence);; B43M0011060000 Hand-held devices B43M0011080000 of the fountain-pen type B43M0013000000 Dispensers without mechanisms for single stamps modified for the application of stamps to articles (manually-controlled or manually-operable label or stamp dispensers B65C0011000000);; B43M0015000000 Drawing-pins; Thumb-tacks (extractors B25C0011000000);; B43M0017000000 Other bureau accessories B44 SCULPTURING; DECORATIVE ART; PAINTING; COATING B44B MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR TOOLS FOR ARTISTIC WORK, e.g. FOR SCULPTURING, GUILLOCHING, CARVING, BRANDING, INLAYING (processes B44C;embossing leather C14B) B44B0001000000 Artists' machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving, or able to be controlled, three-dimensionally for making single sculptures or models B44B0001020000 wherein three-dimensional copies are made B44B0001040000 having devices for changing, e.g. proportionally enlarging or reducing, the shape from an original pattern B44B0001060000 Accessories B44B0003000000 Artists' machines or apparatus equipped with tools or work holders moving or able to be controlled substantially two-dimensionally for carving, engraving, or guilloching shallow ornamenting or markings (engraving by spark erosion B23P;forme engraving B41C, B41D; engraving by photomechanical reproduction G03F) B44B0003020000 wherein plane surfaces are worked B44B0003040000 wherein non-plane surfaces are worked B44B0003060000 Accessories, e.g. tool or work holders B44B0005000000 Machines or apparatus for embossing decorations or marks, e.g. embossing coins (corrugating sheet metal or metal tubes, embossing combined with sheet-metal-working operations B21D;embossing plastics B29C; making paper articles by embossing B31; forme embossing B41C0001080000; embossing combined with application of ink, type marking presses, selective embossing mechanisms B41F, B41J, B41K, B41M; embossing leather C14B) B44B0005020000 Dies; Accessories B44B0007000000 Machines, apparatus, or hand tools for branding B44B0007020000 Branding irons B44B0009000000 Machines or apparatus for inlaying with ornamental structures, e.g. tarsia or mosaic work B44B0011000000 Artists' hand tools for sculpturing, kneading, carving, engraving, guilloching, or embossing; Accessories therefor B44B0011020000 for substantially two-dimensional carving, engraving, or guilloching B44B0011040000 for embossing B44C PRODUCING DECORATIONS (painting, surface treatment B44D);;MOSAICS; TARSIA WORK; PAPERHANGING B44C0001000000 Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for decorating surfaces (decorating textiles D06Q);; B44C0001020000 Pyrography B44C0001040000 Producing precipitations e.g. by electrolysis B44C0001060000 Applying brocade or granular materials, e.g. powdered glass B44C0001080000 Applying loose fibrous materials, e.g. velveting B44C0001100000 Applying flat material, e.g. leaflets, pieces of fabrics (paperhanging B44C0007000000;applying sheets of plastic materials in general B29C0027140000) B44C0001140000 metallic leaves or foils, e.g. gold leaf B44C0001160000 Applying pictures, especially decalcomanias (printing decalcomanias B41M0003120000);; B44C0001180000 Applying ornamental structures, e.g. shaped bodies consisting of plastic material B44C0001200000 Applying plastic materials and superficially modelling the surface of these materials B44C0001220000 Removing surface-material, e.g. by engraving, by etching B44C0001240000 Pressing or stamping ornamental designs on surfaces B44C0001260000 Inlaying with ornamental structures, e.g. niello work, tarsia work B44C0001280000 Uniting ornamental elements on a support, e.g. mosaics B44C0003000000 Processes, not specifically provided for elsewhere, for producing ornamental structures B44C0003020000 Superimposing layers B44C0003040000 Modelling plastic materials, e.g. clay B44C0003060000 Sculpturing B44C0003080000 Stamping or bending B44C0003100000 Producing and filling perforations, e.g. tarsia plates B44C0003120000 Uniting ornamental elements to structures, e.g. mosaic plates B44C0005000000 Processes for producing special ornamental bodies B44C0005020000 Mountings for pictures; Mountings of horns on plates B44C0005040000 Ornamental plaques, e.g. decorative panels, decorative veneers B44C0005060000 Natural ornaments; Imitations thereof (artificial flowers, fruit, leaves A41G0001000000;artificial feathers A41G0011000000) B44C0005080000 Leaded lights (imitations thereof B44F0001060000;joining glass surfaces to glass surfaces or to surfaces of other inorganic material to form a layered product C03C0027000000) B44C0007000000 Paperhanging B44C0007020000 Machines, apparatus, tools, or accessories therefor (surface cleaning implements or apparatus B44D0003160000);; B44D PAINTING; SURFACE TREATMENT; PRESERVING PAINTINGS (decorating by applying foils, fibres, solid or granular material B44C;apparatus or mechanical methods for producing spray B05B; apparatus for applying liquids or semi-liquids to surfaces, methods essentially requiring the use of particular apparatus, see the relevant sub-classes for the apparatus, e.g. B05C; surface treatment of metals or with metals C23; treatment of textiles D06) B44D0001000000 Painting or coating surfaces or parts of surfaces (designed to produce special surface effects B44D0005000000);; B44D0001020000 Methods of coating B44D0001040000 using coating substances floating on a liquid B44D0001060000 by dipping B44D0001070000 by covering with coalescing threads, i.e. cocooning (packaging B65B0033060000);; B44D0001080000 by spraying (spraying metals C23C0007000000);; B44D0001090000 Coating surfaces wholly or partly with plastics supplied in fluent, e.g. liquid, form other than in solution or in liquid suspension (B44D0001070000 takes precedence);; B44D0001092000 Pretreatment of the surfaces to be coated, e.g. by applying an intermediate layer B44D0001094000 the coating material being in the form of powder B44D0001095000 and applied by fluidised bed techniques B44D0001097000 and applied by flame-spraying B44D0001098000 the coating being applied by dipping in liquid plastics B44D0001100000 Applying different coatings to different parts B44D0001120000 Applying different substances simultaneously B44D0001140000 Applying successive coatings, with or without intermediate treatment B44D0001160000 without intermediate treatment B44D0001180000 Obtaining coatings with specific electrical properties B44D0001200000 Processes specially adapted for treating surfaces of particular kinds (of stone, ceramics, clay, or the like B28B, C04);; B44D0001220000 of macromolecular substances; of rubber B44D0001240000 in the form of films or sheets B44D0001260000 of wood B44D0001280000 using synthetic lacquers or varnishes B44D0001300000 based on cellulose derivatives B44D0001320000 of leather (dyeing leather D06P);; B44D0001340000 of metal, e.g. car bodies (involving a chemical reaction between the metal and the coating C23);; B44D0001360000 using synthetic lacquers or varnishes B44D0001380000 based on cellulose derivatives B44D0001400000 special or specially-treated surfaces no elsewhere provided for B44D0001420000 wires B44D0001440000 After-treatment of coatings (drying ovens F26B);; B44D0001460000 Baking processes B44D0001480000 Exposing to gaseous media B44D0001500000 Exposing to radiation B44D0001520000 Applying paint to surfaces partly covered with masking coatings or by use of stencils (in general B05C0003200000);; B44D0001540000 Special techniques in artistic painting and drawing, e.g. oil painting, water painting, pastel painting, relief painting B44D0003000000 Accessories or implements or hand tools for use in connection with painting or coating surfaces (brushes A46B;cleaning brushes B08B0003040000, C09D0009000000; implements for finishing work on buildings, other than painting, E04F0021000000); Methods or devices for colour determination, selection, or synthesis, e.g. use of colour tables (colorimetry G01J0003000000);; B44D0003020000 Palettes B44D0003040000 Paint boxes B44D0003060000 Implements for stirring or mixing paints B44D0003080000 for liquid or semi-liquid paints B44D0003100000 Sieves; Spatulas B44D0003120000 Paint cans; Brush holders; Containers for storing residual paint B44D0003140000 Holders for paint cans B44D0003160000 Implements or apparatus for removing layers of paint adhering to surfaces, e.g. by scraping, by burning (chemical paint-removers C09D0009000000);; B44D0003180000 Boards or sheets with surfaces prepared for painting pictures; Stretching frames for canvases B44D0003200000 Work-holding apparatus, e.g. for balls, for doors B44D0003220000 Implements or apparatus for special techniques, e.g. for painting lines, for pouring varnish; Batik pencils B44D0003240000 Auxiliary apparatus for painting, e.g. lamps for baking lacquers, painter's belts, apparatus for dissolving dried paints, for heating paints B44D0003260000 Implements or hand tools for producing patterns while colouring B44D0003280000 Hand tools for colouring directly, e.g. wood graniers, paint-applying rollers, stencil rollers B44D0003300000 Stencils for surface decoration B44D0003320000 Stencil holders B44D0003340000 Hand tools for removing partially, or redistributing, applied paint, e.g. colour touchers B44D0003360000 Other hand tools for producing patterns, e.g. copy engravers, pattern engravers B44D0003380000 Cord line chalkers B44D0003400000 Hand tools for applying liquids, not otherwise provided for B44D0005000000 Surface treatment to obtain special surface effects or finishes B44D0005020000 to obtain a matt or rough surface B44D0005040000 to obtain a surface receptive to ink or other liquid (B44D0005020000 takes precedence);; B44D0005060000 to obtain multicolour or other optical effects B44D0005080000 to obtain an anti-friction or anti-adhesive surface B44D0005100000 Mechanical treatment (B44D0005020000-B44D0005080000; take precedence);; B44D0005120000 Changing the chemical nature of the substance of a surface (B44D0005020000-B44D0005080000; take precedence);; B44D0007000000 Preserving paintings, e.g. by varnishing B44F SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES B44F0001000000 Designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects B44F0001020000 produced by reflected light, e.g. matt surfaces, lustrous surfaces B44F0001040000 after passage through surface layers, e.g. pictures with mirrors on the back B44F0001060000 produced by transmitted light, e.g. transparencies, imitations of glass-paintings B44F0001080000 characterised by colour effects B44F0001100000 Changing, amusing, or secret pictures B44F0001120000 Securities or banknotes as far as the design or protection against forgery is of importance B44F0001140000 Iridescent effects B44F0003000000 Designs characterised by outlines B44F0005000000 Designs characterised by irregular areas, e.g. mottled patterns (imitating natural patterns or artistic work B44F0009000000, B44F0011000000);; B44F0007000000 Designs imitating three-dimensional effects B44F0009000000 Designs imitating natural patterns B44F0009020000 wood grain effects B44F0009040000 of stone surfaces, e.g. marble B44F0009060000 of horn, ivory, or meerschaum surfaces B44F0009080000 of crystalline structures, pearl effects, or mother-of-pearl effects B44F0009100000 of metallic or oxidised metallic surfaces B44F0009120000 of leather B44F0011000000 Designs imitating artistic work B44F0011020000 Imitation of pictures, e.g. oil paintings B44F0011040000 Imitation of mosaic or tarsia-work patterns B44F0011060000 Imitation of ceramic patterns B60 VEHICLES IN GENERAL B60B VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION B60B0001000000 Spoked wheels (non-metallic B60B0005000000);; B60B0001020000 with wire or other tension spokes B60B0001040000 Attaching spokes to rim or hub B60B0001060000 with compression spokes (wheels of high resiliency B60B0009000000);; B60B0001080000 formed by casting B60B0001100000 fabricated from sheet metal (B60B0001120000, B60B0003080000 take precedence);; B60B0001120000 with tubular spokes (B60B0001080000 takes precedence);; B60B0001140000 Attaching spokes to rim or hub B60B0003000000 Disc wheels, i.e. wheels with load-supporting disc body (non-metallic B60B0005000000;wheel cover discs B60B0007000000) B60B0003020000 with a single disc body integral with rim B60B0003040000 with a single disc body not integral with rim B60B0003060000 formed by casting B60B0003080000 with disc body formed by two or more axially-spaced discs B60B0003100000 apertured to simulate spoked wheels B60B0003120000 Means of reinforcing disc bodies B60B0003140000 Attaching disc body to hub (resiliently B60B0009000000;attaching rim to wheel body B60B0023000000) B60B0003160000 by bolts or the like B60B0003180000 by circlips or the like B60B0005000000 Wheels, spokes, disc bodies, rims, hubs, wholly or predominantly made of non-metallic material (wheel cover discs B60B0007000000;wheels of high resiliency B60B0009000000) B60B0005020000 made of synthetic material B60B0005040000 made of wood B60B0007000000 Wheel cover discs, rings, or the like, for ornamenting or obscuring, wholly or in part, the wheel body, rim, or hub B60B0007020000 made essentially in one part B60B0007040000 built-up of several main parts B60B0007060000 Fastening arrangements therefor B60B0009000000 Wheels of high resiliency B60B0009020000 using springs (wheels comprising resilient spokes B60B0009260000);; B60B0009040000 in leaf form B60B0009060000 in helical form B60B0009080000 in flat coiled form B60B0009100000 of rubber or the like B60B0009120000 in the form of sleeves or rings concentric with wheel axis B60B0009140000 with means limiting relative lateral movements between hub and remainder of wheel B60B0009160000 modified to ensure electric conductivity B60B0009180000 using fluid (within spokes B60B0009260000);; B60B0009200000 in rings concentric with wheel axis B60B0009220000 inflatable B60B0009240000 with pistons and cylinders B60B0009260000 comprising resilient spokes B60B0009280000 with telescopic action B60B0011000000 Units comprising multiple wheels arranged side by side; Wheels having more than one rim or capable of carrying more than one tyre B60B0011020000 Units of separate wheels mounted for independent or coupled rotation B60B0011040000 Wheels with a rim capable of carrying more than one tyre B60B0011060000 Wheels with more than one rim mounted on a single wheel body B60B0011080000 Arrangements of balancing mechanisms enabling a uniform distribution of load to the tyres B60B0013000000 Balancing-weights; Their arrangement (balancing of wheels G01M);; B60B0015000000 Wheels or wheel attachments designed for increasing traction (tyres, non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels B60C);; B60B0015020000 Wheels with spade lugs B60B0015040000 with resiliently-mounted spade lugs B60B0015060000 with pivotally-mounted spade lugs B60B0015080000 with spade lugs axially displaced relatively to the tread surface of the tyre B60B0015100000 with radially-adjustable spade lugs; Control mechanisms therefor B60B0015120000 involving cams or eccentric hoops B60B0015140000 involving an axially-displaceable cone B60B0015160000 involving gearing, e.g. gear pinions acting upon threaded shafts on the spade lugs B60B0015180000 Wheels with ground-engaging plate-like shoes B60B0015200000 with resiliently-mounted shoes, e.g. on a spider B60B0015220000 connected by links to the hub B60B0015240000 Tread bands or rings for fairing lugs when travelling on the road B60B0015260000 Auxiliary wheels or rings with traction-increasing surface attachable to the main wheel body B60B0015280000 Wheel-ballasting weights; Their attachment B60B0017000000 Wheels characterised by rail-engaging elements B60B0017020000 with elastic tyres B60B0019000000 Wheels not otherwise provided for B60B0019020000 convertible, e.g. from road wheel to rail wheel; Wheels specially designed for alternative use on road and rail B60B0019040000 expansible B60B0019060000 with compartments for fluid, packing, or loading material; Bouyant wheels B60B0019080000 with lubricating passages, channels, or reservoirs B60B0019100000 with cooling fins B60B0019120000 Roller-type wheels (B60B0019060000 takes precedence);; B60B0019140000 Ball-type wheels (B60B0019060000 takes precedence);; B60B0021000000 Rims (non-metallic B60B0005000000;of high resiliency B60B0009000000; capable of carrying more than one tyre B60B0011040000; multiple rims on single wheel body B60B0011060000; of multi-part type B60B0025000000; metal tyres B60C) B60B0021020000 characterised by transverse section B60B0021040000 with substantially-radial flanges (with rail-engaging flanges B60B0017000000);; B60B0021060000 characterised by means for attaching spokes B60B0021080000 characterised by having braking surfaces B60B0021100000 characterised by the form of tyre-seat or flange, e.g. corrugated (B60B0021020000 takes precedence);; B60B0021120000 Appurtenances, e.g. lining bands B60B0023000000 Attaching rim to wheel body (attaching spokes to rim B60B0001040000, B60B0001140000;attaching rims resiliently to wheel body B60B0009000000) B60B0023020000 by split or other expansible ring devices B60B0023040000 by bayonet-joint, screw-thread, or like attachments B60B0023060000 by screws, bolts, pins, or clips B60B0023080000 arranged radially B60B0023100000 arranged axially B60B0023120000 by devices arranged to permit variation of axial position of rim relative to wheel body for track-width adjustment B60B0025000000 Rims built-up of several main parts B60B0025020000 Segmented rims, e.g. with segments arranged in sections; Connecting equipment, e.g. hinges; Insertable flange rings therefor B60B0025040000 Rims with dismountable flange rings, seat rings, or lock rings B60B0025060000 Split flange rings, e.g. transversely split; Connecting equipment for overlapping the slot B60B0025080000 Continuous flange rings; Arrangement of recesses enabling the flange ring to be slipped over the rim body B60B0025100000 Seat rings for the tyre bead part, e.g. split B60B0025120000 with integral flange part B60B0025140000 Locking means for flange rings or seat rings B60B0025160000 Arrangement of bayonet catches B60B0025180000 Arrangement of split rings B60B0025200000 Arrangement of screws, bolts, or shouldered pins B60B0025220000 Other appurtenances, e.g. for sealing the component parts enabling the use of tubeless tyres B60B0027000000 Hubs (non-metallic B60B0005000000;of high resiliency B60B0009000000) B60B0027020000 adapted to be rotatably arranged on axle B60B0027040000 housing driving means, e.g. sprockets B60B0027060000 adapted to be fixed on axle B60B0029000000 Apparatus or tools for mounting or dismounting wheels B60B0031000000 Apparatus or tools for assembling or disassembling wheels B60B0031020000 for tightening or straightening wire spokes ; in situfor extracting spokes from wheels B60B0031040000 for assembling divided rims B60B0031060000 for removing cover discs, hub caps, or the like B60B0033000000 Castors in general B60B0033020000 with disengageable swivel action B60B0033040000 adjustable B60B0033060000 mounted retractably B60B0033080000 Ball castors B60B0035000000 Axle units; Parts thereof (steerable vehicle stub-axles B62D);; B60B0035020000 Dead axles, i.e. not transmitting torque (axle housings B60B0035160000);; B60B0035040000 straight B60B0035060000 cranked B60B0035080000 of closed hollow section B60B0035100000 adjustable for varying track B60B0035120000 Torque-transmitting axles (independent-suspension aspects B60G);; B60B0035140000 Composite or split, e.g. half-axles; Couplings between axle parts or sections B60B0035160000 Axle housings B60B0035180000 Arrangement of bearings B60B0037000000 Wheel-axle combinations, e.g. wheel sets (units comprising multiple wheels arranged side by side B60B0011000000;rail-vehicle axle-boxes B61F) B60B0037020000 the wheels being integral with solid axles B60B0037040000 the wheels being rigidly attached to solid axles B60B0037060000 the wheels being integral with, or rigidly attached to, hollow axles B60B0037080000 the hollow axles being rotatable around fixed axles B60B0037100000 the wheels being individually rotatable around the axles B60B0037120000 Axles with a fixed wheel and a loose wheel B60B0039000000 Increasing wheel adhesion (wheels or wheels tyre attachments, designed for increasing traction B60B0015000000, B60C;tyre constructions B60C; road surface conditioning to prevent slipperiness E01C) B60B0039020000 Vehicle fittings for scattering or dispensing material in front of its wheels B60B0039040000 the material being granular, e.g. sand (combined control of sanding apparatus and brakes of rail vehicles B61H);; B60B0039060000 the dispensing being effected by mechanical means B60B0039080000 the dispensing being effected by fluid means B60B0039100000 the dispensing being controlled electrically or electromagnetically B60B0039120000 the material being sheet-like or web-like B60C VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING OR REPAIRING; REPAIRING, OR CONNECTING VALVES TO, INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL B60C0001000000 Non-metallic tyres characterised by the chemical composition or physical mixture (manufacture of rubber tyres or parts thereof B29H;rubber compositions per C08C) B60C0003000000 Tyres characterised by the transverse section, e.g. annular, square, or crescent shape (tyres characterised by rail-engaging elements B60B);; B60C0005000000 Inflatable pneumatic tyres (B60C0009000000, B60C0011000000, B60C0013000000, B60C0015000000, B60C0017000000 take precedence);; B60C0005020000 with inflatable inserts, e.g. with tubes B60C0005040000 Shape or construction of inflatable inserts (tyres characterised by chemical composition or physical mixture B60C0001000000);; B60C0005060000 having several separate inflatable chambers B60C0005080000 having reinforcing layers B60C0005100000 formed as single discontinuous rings with contiguous ends, e.g. connected together B60C0005120000 without separate inflatable inserts; Tubeless tyres B60C0005140000 with air-tight coatings on the inner walls of tyre covers B60C0005160000 Sealing means between beads and rims, e.g. bands B60C0005180000 the covers being built-in with replaceable arcuate parts B60C0007000000 Non-inflatable or solid tyres (characterised by chemical composition or physical mixture B60C0001000000;tyres or rims characterised by rail-engaging elements B60B) B60C0007020000 made from ropes or bristles B60C0007040000 made of wood or leather B60C0007060000 made of metal B60C0007080000 built-up from a plurality of arcuate parts B60C0007100000 characterised by means for increasing resiliency B60C0007120000 using enclosed chambers, e.g. gas-filled (B60C0007140000 takes precedence;inflatable B60C0005000000) B60C0007140000 using springs B60C0007160000 of helical or flat coil form B60C0007180000 disposed radially relative to wheel axis B60C0007200000 disposed circumferentially relative to wheel axis B60C0007220000 having inlays other than for increasing resiliency, e.g. for armouring B60C0007240000 characterised by means for securing tyres on rim or wheel body B60C0007260000 using bolts B60C0007280000 using straps or the like, e.g. vulcanised into the tyre B60C0009000000 Tyre reinforcements (bead cores B60C0015040000);; B60C0009020000 Carcasses B60C0009040000 built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel B60C0009060000 the plies being arranged with cords in differing directions B60C0009080000 the plies being arranged with all cords disposed in planes of cross-section of the carcasses B60C0009100000 built-up with rubberised plies of crossing cords B60C0009120000 built-up with rubberised layers of discrete fibres or filaments B60C0009140000 built-up with sheets, webs, or films of homogeneous material, e.g. synthetics, sheet metal, rubber B60C0009160000 built-up with metallic reinforcing inlays B60C0009180000 Construction of breaker, crown-reinforcing, or cushioning layers B60C0009200000 built-up from rubberised plies each having all cords arranged substantially parallel B60C0009220000 the plies being arranged with all cords disposed along the circumference of the tyre B60C0009240000 built-up of arcuate parts B60C0011000000 Tyre tread bands; Tread patterns; Anti-skid inserts B60C0011020000 Tyre tread bands with replaceable tread rings B60C0011040000 Tread patterns with grooves or ribs B60C0011060000 arranged circumferentially B60C0011080000 arranged parallel or oblique to the axis of the tyre B60C0011100000 Tread patterns with cup-shaped recesses or projections B60C0011120000 Tread patterns with narrow slits or incisions B60C0011140000 Anti-skid inserts, e.g. vulcanised into the tread band B60C0011160000 of plug form, e.g. made from metal, textile B60C0011180000 of strip form, e.g. metallic combs, rubber strips of different wear resistence (B60C0011200000 takes precedence);; B60C0011200000 in coiled form B60C0013000000 Tyre side walls, e.g. arrangement of grooves or ribs adjacent to the tread; Decorating, marking, or the like of tyre side walls B60C0015000000 Tyre beads B60C0015020000 Securing beads on rims, e.g. security bands, laces, hooks, bolts, bead projections (sealing means between beads and rims B60C0005160000);; B60C0015040000 Bead cores B60C0015060000 Flipper strips, fillers, or chafing strips B60C0017000000 Tyres with means enabling a restricted continuation of journey in the event of tyre damage or deflation; Accessories therefor B60C0017020000 Tyres with additional built-in tubes inflatable in emergency B60C0017040000 utilising rings which become load-supporting in emergency B60C0019000000 Tyre parts or constructions not otherwise provided for B60C0019020000 Tread rings between tyres B60C0019040000 Tyres with cross-section closed by removable closures; Tyres with closeable local openings B60C0019060000 Heat-dissipating arrangements B60C0019080000 Electric-charge-dissipating arrangements B60C0019100000 Wear-indicating arrangements B60C0019120000 Puncture-preventing arrangements B60C0021000000 Repairing damaged tyres (tyre-repairing tools B60C0025160000;vulcanising for repairs B29H) B60C0021020000 Adhesive patches B60C0021040000 Linings engaging the inner surface of tyre covers B60C0021060000 Plugs for tubeless tyres B60C0021080000 Automatic sealing of punctures; Use of sealing agents B60C0023000000 Devices for measuring, signalling, or manually or automatically controlling, or distributing tyre pressure specially adapted for mounting on vehicles (remote signalling in general G08);;Arrangement of tyre inflating devices, e.g. pumps, of tanks, on vehicles (air pumps per F04;tanks per F17C) B60C0023020000 Signalling devices actuated by tyre pressure B60C0023040000 mounted on the wheel or tyre B60C0023060000 Signalling devices actuated by deformation of the tyre B60C0023080000 by touching the ground B60C0023100000 Arrangements of tyre-inflating pumps mounted on vehicles B60C0023120000 operated by a running wheel B60C0023140000 operated by the prime mover of the vehicle B60C0023160000 Arrangements of air tanks mounted on vehicles B60C0025000000 Apparatus or tools adapted for mounting, removing, or repairing tyres (hand tools in general B25);; B60C0025020000 Tyre levers B60C0025040000 pivoted on the wheel axle or rolling along the rim edge B60C0025060000 Apparatus for mounting or removing tyres B60C0025080000 having a tyre support movable along wheel axis B60C0025100000 with rotary motion B60C0025120000 Apparatus or tools for locating provisionally the beads of tubeless tyres against the sealing surfaces of the rims B60C0025140000 Apparatus or tools for spreading tyre beads B60C0025160000 Tools for repairing damaged tyres B60C0025180000 Tools for mounting or detaching air valves B60C0025200000 Tools for attaching metallic tyres, e.g. iron tyres upon wooden rims B60C0027000000 Non-skid devices temporarily attachable to resilient tyres or resiliently-tyred wheels B60C0027020000 extending over restricted arcuate part of tread (B60C0027200000 takes precedence);; B60C0027040000 the ground-engaging part being rigid B60C0027060000 extending over the complete circumference of tread, e.g. made of chains (B60C0027200000 takes precedence);; B60C0027080000 involving lugs or rings taking up wear B60C0027100000 having tensioning means B60C0027120000 resilient B60C0027140000 automatically attachable B60C0027160000 formed of close material, e.g. leather B60C0027180000 the material being fabric, e.g. woven wire B60C0027200000 having ground-engaging plate-like elements B60C0027220000 for tandem tyres (endless-track features B62D);; B60C0029000000 Arrangements of tyre-inflating valves relative to wheels, e.g. to rims; Connection of valves to tyres (tools for mounting or detaching air valves B60C0025180000;tyre-inflating valves per, valve dust caps F16K) B60D VEHICLE CONNECTIONS B60D0001000000 Traction couplings; Hitches; Draw-gear; Towing devices; Joints for supply lines or the like (fifth-wheel couplings B62D);; B60D0001020000 Bolt or shackle-type couplings B60D0001040000 Hook or hook-and-hasp couplings B60D0001060000 Ball-and-socket hitches B60D0001080000 Couplings involving joints for supply lines, electric circuits, or the like; Joint therefor B60D0001100000 remotely controlled, e.g. for releasing B60D0001120000 Safety appliances preventing unwanted disengagement B60D0001140000 Draw-gear, e.g. towing rods; Props for draw-bars B60D0001160000 Towing gear (of rigid type B60D0001140000);; B60D0001180000 Tow ropes, chains, or the like B60D0003000000 Fittings to facilitate pushing (B60D0001000000 takes precedence;combined backing and steering devices for normally-drawn vehicles, bumpers B62D) B60D0005000000 Gangways for coupled vehicles, e.g. of concertina type B60D0007000000 Other connections B60F VEHICLES FOR USE BOTH ON RAIL AND ON ROAD; AMPHIBIOUS OR LIKE VEHICLES; CONVERTIBLE VEHICLES (air-cushion vehicles B60V);; B60F0001000000 Vehicles for use both on rail and on road; Conversions therefor B60F0001020000 with rail and road wheels on the same axle B60F0001040000 with rail and road wheels on different axles B60F0003000000 Amphibious vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling both on land and on water; Land vehicles capable of travelling under water (bouyant wheels B60B);; B60F0005000000 Other convertible vehicles, i.e. vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media (vehicles for travelling on ground and snow B62;aircraft B64; flying-boats or seaplanes B64C) B60F0005020000 convertible into aircraft B60G VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS (air-cushion vehicles B60V);; B60G0001000000 Suspensions with rigid connection between axle and frame B60G0001020000 with continuous axle B60G0001040000 with divided axle B60G0003000000 Resilient suspension for a single wheel (pivoted suspension arms per, attachment thereof to sprung part of the vehicle, buffer means for limiting movement of arms B60G0007000000;characterised by arrangement, location, or type of springs B60G0011000000) B60G0003020000 with a single pivoted arm B60G0003040000 the arm being essentially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle B60G0003060000 the arm being rigid B60G0003080000 the arm forming the axle housing B60G0003100000 the arm itself being resilient, e.g. leaf spring B60G0003120000 the arm being essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle B60G0003140000 the arm being rigid B60G0003160000 the arm itself being resilient, e.g. leaf spring B60G0003180000 with two or more pivoted arms, e.g. parallelogram B60G0003200000 all arms being rigid B60G0003220000 a rigid arm forming the axle housing B60G0003240000 a rigid arm being formed by the live axle B60G0003260000 Means for maintaining substantially-constant wheel camber during suspension movement B60G0003280000 at least one of the arms itself being resilient, e.g. leaf spring B60G0005000000 Resilient suspension for a single set of tandem wheels B60G0005020000 mounted on a single pivoted arm B60G0005040000 with two or more pivoted arms, the movements of which are resiliently interrelated B60G0005060000 the arms turning on a common pivot B60G0007000000 Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof (means for maintaining substantially-constant wheel camber during suspension movement B60G0003260000);; B60G0007020000 Attaching arms to sprung part of vehicle B60G0007040000 Buffer means for limiting movement of arms B60G0009000000 Resilient suspension of a rigid axle or axle housing for two or more wheels B60G0009020000 the axle or housing being pivotally mounted on the vehicle B60G0009040000 the axle or housing not being pivotally mounted on the vehicle B60G0011000000 Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of springs (single-wheel suspension by pivoted arm resilient in itself B60G0003000000;adjusting spring characteristic B60G0017000000; springs per F16F) B60G0011020000 having leaf springs only B60G0011040000 arranged substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle B60G0011060000 arranged obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle B60G0011080000 arranged substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle B60G0011100000 Attaching to axle or sprung part of the vehicle B60G0011120000 Attaching by links, pins, or bushes to sprung part of the vehicle B60G0011140000 having helical, spiral, or coil springs only B60G0011160000 Attaching to axle or sprung part of the vehicle B60G0011180000 having torsion-bar springs only B60G0011200000 Attaching to axle or sprung part of the vehicle B60G0011220000 having rubber springs only B60G0011240000 Attaching to axle or sprung part of the vehicle B60G0011260000 having fluid springs only B60G0011280000 Attaching to axle or sprung part of the vehicle only B60G0011300000 having pressure fluid accumulator therefor, e.g. accumulator arranged in vehicle frame B60G0011320000 having springs of different kinds B60G0011340000 including leaf springs B60G0011360000 and also helical, spiral, or coil springs B60G0011380000 and also rubber springs B60G0011400000 the rubber springs being attached to the axle B60G0011420000 the rubber springs being attached to sprung part of the vehicle B60G0011440000 and also torsion-bar springs B60G0011460000 and also fluid springs B60G0011480000 not including leaf springs B60G0011500000 having helical, spiral, or coil springs, and also torsion-bar springs B60G0011520000 having helical, spiral, or coil springs, and also rubber springs B60G0011540000 with rubber springs arranged within helical, spiral, or coil springs B60G0011560000 having helical, spiral, or coil springs, and also fluid springs B60G0011580000 arranged coaxially B60G0011600000 having both rubber springs and torsion-bar springs B60G0011620000 having both rubber springs and fluid springs B60G0011640000 having both torsion-bar springs and fluid springs B60G0013000000 Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location, or type of vibration-dampers (adjusting damping effect B60G0017060000;vibration-dampers per F16F) B60G0013020000 having dampers dissipating energy, e.g. frictionally B60G0013040000 mechanically, e.g. having frictionally-engaging springs as damping elements B60G0013060000 of fluid type B60G0013080000 hydraulic B60G0013100000 pneumatic B60G0013120000 quasi-fluid, i.e. having powdered medium B60G0013140000 having dampers accumulating utilisable energy, e.g. compressing air B60G0013160000 having dynamic absorber as main damping means, i.e. spring-mass system vibrating out of phase B60G0013180000 combined with energy-absorbing means B60G0015000000 Resilient suspensions characterised by arrangement, location, or type of combined spring and vibration-damper, e.g. telescopic type B60G0015020000 having mechanical spring B60G0015040000 and mechanical damper B60G0015060000 and fluid damper B60G0015080000 having fluid spring B60G0015100000 and mechanical damper B60G0015120000 and fluid damper B60G0017000000 Resilient suspensions having means for adjusting or regulating spring or vibration-damper characteristics or distance between supporting surface and sprung part of vehicle during use to meet varying vehicular or surface conditions, e.g. due to speed or load B60G0017020000 spring characteristics B60G0017040000 fluid-spring characteristics B60G0017060000 characteristics of dampers B60G0017080000 characteristics of fluid dampers B60G0017100000 Varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically B60G0019000000 Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels in which upward movement of a wheel forces interconnected wheel to move downward and vice versa(B60G0005000000, B60G0009000000 take precedence);; B60G0019020000 mechanically interconnected B60G0019040000 fluid-interconnected B60G0019060000 hydraulically B60G0019080000 pneumatically B60G0019100000 having additional means for stabilising position of vehicle body B60G0021000000 Interconnection systems for two or more resiliently-suspended wheels for stabilising vehicle body with respect to acceleration, deceleration, or centrifugal forces, e.g. to counteract dipping or outward-inclining (B60G0019100000 takes precedence);; B60G0021020000 permanently interconnected B60G0021040000 mechanically B60G0021060000 fluid B60G0021080000 characterised by use of gyroscopes B60G0021100000 not permanently interconnected, e.g. operative only on acceleration, only on deceleration, or only at off-straight position of steering B60G0023000000 Wheel suspensions with automatic means for sensing unevenness ahead of wheels and for moving wheels up or down in accordance therewith B60G0025000000 Other suspension arrangements B60H ARRANGEMENTS OR ADAPTATIONS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING, OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES B60H0001000000 Heating or ventilating devices (heating or ventilating devices providing other air treatment, the other treatment being relevant, B60H0003000000;ventilating solely by opening windows, doors, roof parts, or the like B60J) B60H0001020000 the heat being derived from the propulsion plant B60H0001040000 from cooling liquid of the plant B60H0001060000 directly from main radiator B60H0001080000 from other radiator than main radiator B60H0001100000 the other radiator being situated in a duct capable of being connected to atmosphere outside vehicle B60H0001120000 using an air blower B60H0001140000 otherwise than from cooling liquid of the plant B60H0001160000 the air being heated by direct contact with the plant, e.g. air-cooled motor B60H0001180000 the air being heated from the plant exhaust gases B60H0001200000 using an intermediate heat-transferring medium B60H0001220000 the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant B60H0001240000 Devices purely for ventilating or where the heating is irrelevant B60H0001260000 Ventilating openings in vehicle exterior; Ducts for conveying ventilating air B60H0001280000 the openings being situated directly in front of vehicle front window B60H0001300000 Air scoops B60H0003000000 Other air-treating devices (refrigerated goods vehicles B60P);; B60H0003020000 Moistening B60H0003040000 Cooling B60H0003060000 Filtering B60J WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; PROTECTIVE COVERINGS FOR VEHICLES NOT IN USE (fastening, suspending, closing, or opening of such devices E05);; B60J0001000000 Windows; Windscreens (air curtain instead of window B60J0009040000);; B60J0001020000 arranged at the vehicle front B60J0001040000 adjustable B60J0001060000 comprising more than one pane B60J0001080000 arranged at vehicle sides B60J0001100000 fixedly mounted B60J0001120000 adjustable B60J0001140000 with pivotal or rotary movement B60J0001160000 slidable B60J0001180000 arranged at the vehicle rear B60J0001200000 Accessories, e.g. wind deflectors, blinds (antiglare provisions B60J0003000000);; B60J0003000000 Antiglare equipment or sun visors associated with windows or windscreens B60J0003020000 adjustable in position B60J0003040000 adjustable in transparency B60J0003060000 using polarising effect B60J0005000000 Doors (window aspects B60J0001000000);; B60J0005020000 arranged at the vehicle front B60J0005040000 arranged at the vehicle sides B60J0005060000 slidable; foldable B60J0005080000 of roller-blind type B60J0005100000 arranged at the vehicle rear (B60J0005040000 takes precedence);; B60J0005120000 slidable; foldable B60J0005140000 of roller-blind type B60J0007000000 Non-fixed roofs or like shelters (window aspects B60J0001000000);; B60J0007020000 of sliding type B60J0007040000 with rigid plate-like element or elements B60J0007060000 with non-rigid element or elements B60J0007080000 of non-sliding type B60J0007100000 readily detachable, e.g. top tarpaulins, frames, or fastenings for tarpaulins B60J0007120000 foldable; Tensioning mechanisms therefor, e.g. struts (B60J0007100000 takes precedence);; B60J0007140000 with a plurality of plate-like elements B60J0007160000 non-foldable (B60J0007100000 takes precedence);; B60J0007180000 Locking or sealing arrangements B60J0007200000 Vehicle storage compartments for roof parts B60J0007220000 Wind deflectors for open roofs B60J0007240000 Protective shelters for driver's space B60J0009000000 Devices not provided for in one of the preceding main groups B60J0009020000 Entrance or exit closures other than windows, doors, or in roofs, e.g. emergency escape closures in vehicle bottom B60J0009040000 Air curtains (in general F24F);; B60J0011000000 Protective coverings for vehicles not in use (tent-like garages E04H);; B60K VEHICLE PROPULSION UNIT ARRANGEMENTS, TRANSMISSIONS, AUXILIARY DRIVES, CONTROLS, INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS B60K0001000000 Arrangements or mounting of electrical propulsion units (B60K0007000000 takes precedence;electric transmission arrangements B60K0017120000; of current-collecting means for rail vehicles, road vehicles, or vehicles in general B60L; pure electrical features B60L) B60K0001020000 comprising more than one electric motor B60K0001040000 of the electric storage means for propulsion (for auxiliary purposes only B60R);; B60K0003000000 Arrangements or mounting of steam or gaseous-pressure propulsion units (B60K0007000000 takes precedence;gaseous-pressure transmission arrangements B60K0017100000) B60K0003020000 of piston type B60K0003040000 of turbine type B60K0005000000 Arrangements or mounting of internal-combustion or jet-propulsion units (B60K0007000000 takes precedence);; B60K0005020000 with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, substantially in, or parallel to, the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle B60K0005040000 with the engine main axis, e.g. crankshaft axis, transversely to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle B60K0005060000 with the engine main axis substantially vertical B60K0005080000 comprising more than one engine B60K0005100000 providing for ready detachment of engine B60K0005120000 Arrangement of engine supports B60K0007000000 Disposition of motor in, or adjacent to, traction wheel B60K0009000000 Arrangements or mounting of propulsion units not provided for in one of the preceding main groups B60K0009020000 of spring motor B60K0009040000 of flywheel motor B60K0009060000 of nuclear power plant B60K0011000000 Vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of propulsion units (heating the interior space B60H;cooling internal combustion engines per F01P) B60K0011020000 with liquid cooling B60K0011040000 Arrangement or mounting of radiators, radiator shutters, or radiator blinds B60K0011060000 with air cooling B60K0011080000 Air inlets for cooling; Shutters or blinds therefor B60K0013000000 Vehicle modifications in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units (forming part of the engine F01N);; B60K0013020000 concerning intake B60K0013040000 concerning exhaust (extensions for melting snow on roads E01H;exhaust silencers for internal-combustion engines per F01N) B60K0013060000 using structural parts of the vehicle as ducts, e.g. frame parts B60K0015000000 Vehicle modifications in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines (shape or construction of tanks per B65D, F17C);; B60K0015020000 concerning liquid-fuel tanks or conduits B60K0015040000 concerning tank inlets B60K0015060000 concerning fuel reserve systems B60K0015080000 concerning gas tanks or conduits B60K0015100000 concerning gas-producing plants B60K0017000000 Transmissions B60K0017020000 characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of clutch B60K0017040000 characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing (pure electrical features B60L);; B60K0017060000 of change-speed gearing (B60K0017100000-B60K0017160000; take precedence);; B60K0017080000 of mechanical type B60K0017100000 of fluid gearing (of fluid clutches B60K0017020000);; B60K0017120000 of electric gearing (of electrically-actuated clutches B60K0017020000);; B60K0017140000 the motor of fluid or electric gearing being disposed in, or adjacent to, traction wheel (B60K0007000000 takes precedence);; B60K0017160000 of differential gearing B60K0017180000 in which the differential movement is obtained by resilient means B60K0017200000 in which the differential movement is limited B60K0017220000 characterised by arrangement, location, or type of main drive shafting, e.g. cardan shaft B60K0017240000 Arrangement of mountings for shafting B60K0017260000 characterised by arrangement, location, or type of freewheel device B60K0017280000 characterised by arrangement, location, or type of power take-off B60K0017300000 the ultimate propulsive elements, e.g. ground wheels, being steerable B60K0017320000 the ultimate propulsive elements, e.g. ground wheels, being rockable about a horizontal pivot B60K0017340000 for driving both front and rear wheels B60K0017360000 for driving tandem wheels B60K0019000000 Change-speed gearing control devices specially adapted or arranged for use in vehicles (combined with control of supply of energy from propulsion unit to gearing B60K0021000000);; B60K0019020000 Initiating means (mountings thereof on gear housing in general F16H;control mechanisms in general G05G) B60K0019040000 floor mounted B60K0019060000 mounted on steering column or the like B60K0019080000 dashboard mounted B60K0019100000 Transmitting means between initiating means and gearing, e.g. power assisted B60K0019120000 mechanical B60K0019140000 fluid B60K0019160000 electrical B60K0021000000 Control of change-speed gearing combined with control of supply of energy from propulsion unit to gearing, e.g. fuel supply or clutch B60K0021020000 the gearing being stepped B60K0021040000 with interruption of the drive B60K0021060000 without interruption of the drive B60K0021080000 the gearing being infinitely variable B60K0021100000 of mechanical type B60K0021120000 of fluid type B60K0021140000 of electric type, e.g. electromagnetic B60K0023000000 Control of transmissions, or parts thereof, not otherwise provided for (conjoint control devices for vehicle drive B60K0029000000);; B60K0023020000 for main transmission clutches B60K0023040000 for differential gearing B60K0023060000 for freewheel devices B60K0023080000 for changing number of driven wheels B60K0025000000 Auxiliary drives (driving tyre-inflating pumps B60C;driving engine auxiliaries F02B) B60K0025020000 directly from an engine shaft B60K0025040000 from static or dynamic pressure or vacuum, developed by the engine B60K0025060000 from the transmission power take-off (transmissions having power take-off B60K0017280000);; B60K0025080000 from a ground wheel, e.g. engaging the wheel tread or rim B60K0025100000 from oscillating movements due to vehicle running motion, e.g. suspension movement B60K0027000000 Propulsion unit control devices specially adapted or arranged for use on vehicles (pure electrical devices for use on electrically-propelled vehicles B60L;control devices forming parts of propulsion unit, see the relevant classes); B60K0027020000 Initiating means or elements B60K0027040000 Means connecting initiating means or elements to propulsion unit B60K0027060000 Adjusting of control devices (fittings for automatically controlling vehicle speed B60K0031000000);; B60K0027080000 Safety devices, e.g. preventing fuel supply or ignition in case of open doors, absence or incapacity of driver B60K0029000000 Conjoint control devices for vehicle drive, i.e. one device controlling a plurality of different functions (B60K0021000000 takes precedence);; B60K0029020000 restricted to two functions, e.g. clutch and brake B60K0031000000 Vehicle fittings for automatically controlling, e.g. limiting, vehicle speed (propulsion-unit control per, see the relevant classes;speedometers G01P; systems or devices for controlling speed in general G05D0013000000) B60K0033000000 Other control devices for vehicle drive B60K0033020000 Initiating means or elements B60K0035000000 Arrangements or adaptations of instruments (arrangements on dashboard B60K0037040000);; B60K0037000000 Dashboards (as road-vehicle superstructure sub-unit B62D);; B60K0037020000 Relative arrangements of instruments (devices for lighting dashboards B60Q);; B60K0037040000 Relative arrangements of fittings on dashboard (of instruments B60K0037020000);; B60K0037060000 of controls, e.g. control knobs B60K0039000000 Steering applicable only to other than land-borne vehicles, e.g. three-dimensional steering applicable to both aircraft and submarines (steering for vehicles in general but applicable to land vehicles B62D;steering peculiar to water-borne vessels B63, to aircraft or cosmonautics B64) B60L ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT OR PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; (such coupling devices combined with mechanical couplings of vehicles B60D;electric heating for vehicles B60H; transmitting drive from electric motors to ultimate propulsive elements in vehicles B60K; disposition of electric propulsion equipment, other than current-collectors, in vehicles B60K; auxiliary generator drives on vehicles B60K; lighting for vehicles B60Q; braking of vehicles B60T; preventing wheel slip by reducing power in rail vehicles B61C; railway track circuits in general B61L; lighting in general F21, H05B; switches in general H01H; coupling devices for electric connections in general H01R; dynamo-electric machines H02K; electric converters H02M; starting, controlling, braking of electric machines or converters in general H02P; electric heating in general H05B) B60L0001000000 Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles (charging batteries H02J);; B60L0001020000 to electric heating circuits B60L0001040000 fed by the power supply line B60L0001060000 using only one supply B60L0001080000 Methods and devices for control or regulation B60L0001100000 with provision for using different supplies B60L0001120000 Methods and devices for control or regulation B60L0001140000 to electric lighting circuits B60L0001160000 fed by the power supply line B60L0003000000 Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration, power consumption (measuring in general G01);; B60L0003020000 Dead-man's devices B60L0003040000 Cutting-off the power supply under fault conditions (protective devices and circuit arrangements in general H01H, H02H);; B60L0003060000 Limiting the traction current under mechanical-overload conditions B60L0003080000 Means for preventing excessive speed of the vehicle B60L0003100000 Indicating wheel slip B60L0003120000 Recording operating variables B60L0005000000 Current-collectors for power supply lines of electrically-propelled vehicles (current-collectors in general H01R0041000000);; B60L0005020000 with ice-removing device B60L0005040000 using rollers or sliding shoes in contact with trolley wire (B60L0005400000 takes precedence);; B60L0005060000 Structure of the rollers and their carrying means B60L0005080000 Structure of the sliding shoes and their carrying means B60L0005100000 Devices preventing the collector from jumping off B60L0005120000 Structural features of poles and their bases B60L0005140000 Devices for automatic lowering of a jumped-off collector B60L0005160000 Devices for lifting and resetting the collector (B60L0005340000 takes precedence);; B60L0005180000 using bow-type collectors in contact with trolley wire B60L0005200000 Details of contact bow B60L0005220000 Supporting means for the contact bow B60L0005240000 Pantographs B60L0005260000 Half-pantographs, e.g. using counter-rocking beams B60L0005280000 Devices for lifting and resetting the collector B60L0005300000 using springs B60L0005320000 using fluid pressure B60L0005340000 with devices to enable one vehicle to pass another one using the same power supply line B60L0005360000 with means for collecting current simultaneously from more than one conductor, e.g. from more than one phase B60L0005380000 for collecting current from conductor rails (B60L0005400000 takes precedence);; B60L0005400000 for collecting current from lines in slotted conduits B60L0005420000 for collecting current from individual contact pieces connected to the power supply line B60L0007000000 Electrodynamic brake systems for electrically-propelled vehicles B60L0007020000 Dynamic electric resistor braking (B60L0007220000 takes precedence);; B60L0007040000 for vehicles propelled by dc motors B60L0007060000 for vehicles propelled by ac motors B60L0007080000 Controlling the braking effect (B60L0007040000, B60L0007060000 take precedence);; B60L0007100000 Dynamic electric regenerative braking (B60L0007220000 takes precedence);; B60L0007120000 for vehicles propelled by dc motors B60L0007140000 for vehicles propelled by ac motors B60L0007160000 for vehicles comprising converters between the power source and the motor B60L0007180000 Controlling the braking effect (B60L0007120000, B60L0007140000, B60L0007160000 take precedence);; B60L0007200000 Braking by supplying regenerated power to the prime mover of vehicles comprising engine-driven generators B60L0007220000 Dynamic electric resistor braking, combined with dynamic electric regenerative braking B60L0007240000 with additional mechanical or electromagnetic braking (electromagnetic brakes F16D0065340000);; B60L0007260000 Controlling the braking effect B60L0007280000 Eddy-current braking B60L0009000000 Electric propulsion with power supply external to vehicle B60L0009020000 using dc motors B60L0009040000 fed from dc supply lines B60L0009060000 with conversion by metadyne B60L0009080000 fed from ac supply lines B60L0009100000 with rotary converters B60L0009120000 with static converters B60L0009140000 fed from different kinds of power supply lines B60L0009160000 using ac induction motors B60L0009180000 fed from dc supply lines B60L0009200000 single-phase motors B60L0009220000 polyphase motors B60L0009240000 fed from ac supply lines B60L0009260000 single-phase motors B60L0009280000 polyphase motors B60L0009300000 fed from different kinds of power supply lines B60L0009320000 using ac brush-displacement motors B60L0011000000 Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle B60L0011020000 using engine-driven generators B60L0011040000 using dc generators and motors B60L0011060000 using ac generators and dc motors B60L0011080000 using ac generators and motors B60L0011100000 using dc generators and ac motors B60L0011120000 with additional electric power supply, e.g. accumulator B60L0011140000 with provision for direct mechanical propulsion B60L0011160000 using power stored mechanically, e.g. in flywheel B60L0011180000 using power supplied from primary cells, secondary cells, or fuel cells B60L0013000000 Other electric propulsion, e.g. specially adapted for monorail vehicles, for rack railways, or for suspension vehicles B60L0015000000 Methods, circuits, or devices for controlling the traction-motor speed of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L0015020000 characterised by the form of the current used in the control circuit B60L0015040000 using dc B60L0015060000 using substantially-sinusoidal ac B60L0015080000 using pulses B60L0015100000 for automatic control superimposed on human control to limit the acceleration of the vehicle, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current B60L0015120000 with circuits controlled by relays or contactors B60L0015140000 with main controller driven by a servomotor (B60L0015180000 takes precedence);; B60L0015160000 with main controller driven through a ratchet mechanism (B60L0015180000 takes precedence);; B60L0015180000 without contact-making and breaking, e.g. using a transductor B60L0015200000 for regulation and/or automatic control of the vehicle or of its driving motor to achieve a desired performance, e.g. speed, torque, programmed variation of speed B60L0015220000 with sequential operation of interdependent switches, e.g. relays, contactors, programme drum B60L0015240000 with main controller driven by a servomotor (B60L0015280000 takes precedence);; B60L0015260000 with main controller driven through a ratchet mechanism (B60L0015280000 takes precedence);; B60L0015280000 without contact-making and breaking, e.g. using a transductor B60L0015300000 with means to change-over to human control B60L0015320000 Control or regulation of multiple-unit electrically-propelled vehicles B60L0015340000 with human control of a setting device B60L0015360000 with automatic control superimposed, e.g. to prevent excessive motor current B60L0015380000 with automatic regulation and/or control B60L0015400000 Adaptation of control equipment on vehicle for remote actuation from a stationary place (devices along the route for controlling devices on rail vehicles B61L0003000000;central rail-traffic control systems B61L0027000000) B60L0015420000 Adaptation of control equipment on vehicle for actuation from alternative parts of the vehicle or from alternative vehicles of the same vehicle train (B60L0015320000 takes precedence);; B60M POWER SUPPLY LINES, AND DEVICES ALONG RAILS, FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES (control of points and safety arrangements along railway lines B61L;construction of rails and points in general E01B) B60M0001000000 Power supply lines for contact with collector on vehicle (collectors therefor B60L0005000000);; B60M0001020000 Details B60M0001040000 Mechanical protection of line; Protection against contact by living beings B60M0001060000 Arrangements along the power lines for reducing interference in nearby communication lines (in general H04B0015020000);; B60M0001080000 Arrangements for energising and de-energising power line sections using mechanical actuation by the passing vehicle B60M0001100000 Arrangements for energising and de-energising power line sections using magnetic actuation by the passing vehicle B60M0001120000 Trolley lines; Accessories therefor B60M0001130000 Trolley wires B60M0001140000 Crossings; Points B60M0001160000 Suspension insulators (in general H01B);; B60M0001180000 Section insulators; Section switches B60M0001200000 Arrangements for supporting or suspending trolley wires, e.g. from buildings B60M0001220000 Separate lines from which power lines are suspended, e.g. catenary lines, supporting-lines under tension B60M0001225000 Arrangements for fixing trolley wires to supporting-lines which are under tension B60M0001230000 Arrangements for suspending trolley wires from catenary line B60M0001234000 incorporating yielding means or damping means (supporting wires B60M0001220000);; B60M0001240000 Clamps; Splicers; Anchor tips B60M0001260000 Compensation means for variation in length B60M0001280000 Manufacturing or repairing trolley lines (scaffold cars B60P, B61D0015000000;platforms therefor B66F0011040000; manufacturing conductors in general H01B0013000000; overhead lines in general H02G0001000000) B60M0001300000 Power rails B60M0001320000 Crossings; Points (B60M0001340000 takes precedence);; B60M0001340000 in slotted conduits B60M0001360000 Single contact pieces along the line for power supply B60M0003000000 Feeding power to the supply lines in contact with collector on vehicles; Arrangements for consuming regenerative power (controlling rail vehicles by varying voltage of power fed to vehicle B60L;power distribution in general H02J) B60M0003020000 with means for maintaining voltage within a predetermined range (in general G05F);; B60M0003040000 Arrangements for cutting-in and -out of individual track sections (by passage of the vehicle B60M0001100000);; B60M0003060000 Arrangements for consuming regenerative power B60M0005000000 Arrangements along running rails or at joints thereof for current-conduction or insulation, e.g. safety devices for reducing earth currents (insulating rail joints E01B0011540000;conductive connections between rails in general H01R0003000000, H01R0005000000) B60M0005020000 Means for reducing potential difference between rail and adjacent ground B60M0007000000 Power lines and rails specially adapted for electrically-propelled vehicles of special types, e.g. suspension tramway, ropeway, underground railway B60N VEHICLE PASSENGER ACCOMMODATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (furniture construction A47);; B60N0001000000 Arrangements or adaptations of seats B60N0001020000 characterised by seat or part thereof being movable, e.g. adjustable B60N0001040000 to permit easy access B60N0001060000 having adjustable back rest, horizontal part, or arm rest B60N0001080000 slidably secured in vehicle B60N0001100000 convertible to other use, e.g. to bed or for obtaining storage space B60N0001120000 adapted for particular purposes, e.g. for children's use B60N0003000000 Arrangements or adaptations of other passenger fittings, not otherwise provided for (of radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like B60R);; B60N0003020000 of hand grips or straps B60N0003040000 of floor mats B60N0003060000 of footrests (floors of road vehicles B62D);; B60N0003080000 of receptacles for refuse, e.g. ash-trays (ash-trays per A24F);; B60N0003100000 of receptacles for food or beverages, e.g. refrigerated (picnic sets A45F);; B60N0003120000 of receptacles for cigarettes or the like (receptacles for cigarettes or the like A24F);; B60N0003140000 of electrically-heated lighters B60N0003160000 of cooking or boiling devices (cooking or boiling devices per A47, F24C);; B60N0003180000 of drinking-water dispensing devices B60P VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TO CARRY SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS (container traffic B65J);; B60P0001000000 Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading (vehicles for carrying harvested crops with means for picking-up A01D;peculiar to refuse-collecting-vehicles B65F; loading or unloading vehicles by means not incorporated therein B65G) B60P0001020000 with parallel up-and-down movement of load transporting element (in combination with tipping B60P0001340000;masted lift-truck aspects B66F) B60P0001040000 with a tipping movement of load supporting element B60P0001060000 with by mechanical gearing only B60P0001080000 with relative displacement of the wheel axles B60P0001100000 with screw and nut B60P0001120000 with toothed gears, wheels, or sectors; with links, cams and rollers, or the like B60P0001140000 with cables, chains, or the like B60P0001160000 with by fluid-operated mechanisms B60P0001180000 with relative displacement of the wheel axles B60P0001200000 with toothed gears, wheels, or sectors; with links, cams and rollers, or the like B60P0001220000 with cables, chains, or the like B60P0001240000 using the weight of the load B60P0001260000 Means for controlling movement of tailboards B60P0001280000 Tipping-body constructions B60P0001300000 in combination with another movement of the element B60P0001320000 the other movement being lateral displacement B60P0001340000 the other movement being raising or lowering B60P0001360000 using endless chains or belts thereon B60P0001380000 forming the main load transporting element or part thereof B60P0001400000 using screw conveyers thereon B60P0001420000 mounted in the load transporting element B60P0001440000 having a loading platform thereon raising to the level of the load transporting element B60P0001460000 carried in vertical guides B60P0001480000 using pivoted arms raisable above the load transporting element (load-engaging elements B66);; B60P0001500000 loading from in front of the vehicle B60P0001520000 using rollers in the load transporting element B60P0001540000 using cranes (crane aspects B66C);; B60P0001560000 the load transporting element having bottom discharging openings B60P0001580000 using vibratory effect B60P0001600000 using fluids energy, e.g. by fluidising B60P0001620000 with porous walls B60P0001640000 the load transporting element being readily removable (container traffic B65J);; B60P0003000000 Vehicles adapted to carry special loads or objects (ambulance aspects A61G;fire-tenders A62C; refuse-collecting vehicles B65F; snow-removing vehicles E01H; armoured or armed vehicles, self-propelled mine-clearing vehicles F41H) B60P0003020000 the object being a shop, cafeteria, display or bottled-liquid carrier B60P0003040000 for transporting animals B60P0003060000 for carrying vehicles e.g. road vehicles or aircraft B60P0003080000 of double-deck construction B60P0003100000 for carrying boats B60P0003120000 for salvaging damaged vehicles B60P0003140000 the object being a workshop for servicing, for maintenance, or for carrying workmen during work (lifting devices for movable platforms or cabins for workmen B66F0011040000);; B60P0003160000 for carrying mixed concrete, e.g. having rotatable drums B60P0003180000 the object being a searchlight B60P0003200000 Refrigerated goods vehicles (air treatment of goods space B60H);; B60P0003220000 Tank vehicles (tank aspects B65D, F17C);; B60P0003240000 compartmented B60P0003260000 Hearses B60P0003280000 Crane vehicles (self-loaders with cranes B60P0001540000;crane aspects, travelling cranes B66C) B60P0003300000 Spraying-vehicles (for agricultural purposes A01M;for spraying asphalt, bitumen, tar, or the like E01C; for cleaning streets E01H) B60P0003320000 carrying living accommodation, e.g. caravans B60P0003340000 foldable or able to be readily disassembled B60P0003360000 Arrangement of living accommodation (toilet or washing arrangements B60R);; B60P0003380000 Sleeping arrangements B60P0003400000 for carrying long loads, e.g. with separate wheeled load-supporting elements B60P0003420000 convertible from one use to a different one (vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media, rail-and-road vehicles B60F);; B60P0005000000 Arrangements of weighing machines on vehicles (adapting weighing machines to use on transport vehicles G01G0019080000);; B60P0007000000 Securing or covering of load on vehicles (container traffic B65J);; B60P0007020000 Covering of load B60P0007040000 by tarpaulins or like flexible members B60P0007060000 Securing of load B60P0007080000 Securing to vehicle floor or sides B60P0007100000 the load being plates, cases, or boxes B60P0007120000 the load being tree-trunks, beams, drums, tubes, or the like B60P0007140000 Securing or supporting by movable bulkheads B60P0007160000 Protecting against shocks B60P0009000000 Other vehicles predominantly for carrying loads B60Q VEHICLE LIGHTING OR SIGNALLING (lighting in general F21, H05B;signalling in general G08; electric switches per H01H) B60Q0001000000 Arrangements or adaptations of optical signalling or lighting devices (for lighting vehicle interior B60Q0003000000);; B60Q0001020000 the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments B60Q0001040000 the devices being headlights B60Q0001060000 adjustable, e.g. remotely controlled from inside vehicle B60Q0001080000 automatically B60Q0001100000 due to vehicle inclination, e.g. due to load distribution B60Q0001120000 due to steering position B60Q0001140000 having dimming means B60Q0001160000 illuminating the way asymmetrically B60Q0001180000 being additional front lights B60Q0001200000 Fog lights B60Q0001220000 for reverse drive B60Q0001240000 for lighting other areas than only the way ahead B60Q0001260000 the devices being primarily intended to indicate the vehicle, or parts thereof, or to give signals, to other traffic B60Q0001280000 for indicating front of vehicle B60Q0001300000 for indicating rear of vehicle, e.g. by means of reflecting surfaces B60Q0001320000 for indicating vehicle sides B60Q0001340000 for indicating change of drive direction (B60Q0001220000 takes precedence);; B60Q0001360000 using movable members, e.g. arms with built-in flashing lamps B60Q0001380000 using immovably-mounted light sources, e.g. fixed flashing lamps B60Q0001400000 having automatic return to inoperative position B60Q0001420000 due to steering-wheel position B60Q0001440000 for indicating braking action B60Q0001460000 for giving flashing caution signals during drive, other than signalling change of direction, e.g. flashing the headlights B60Q0001480000 for parking purposes B60Q0001500000 for indicating other intentions or conditions, e.g. request for waiting or overtaking B60Q0001520000 for indicating emergencies B60Q0001540000 for indicating speed B60Q0001560000 for illuminating registrations or the like B60Q0003000000 Arrangements or adaptations of lighting devices for vehicle interior B60Q0003020000 for lighting passenger or driving compartment B60Q0003040000 for dashboard B60Q0003060000 for lighting compartments other than passenger or driving space, e.g. luggage or engine compartment B60Q0005000000 Arrangements or adaptations of acoustic signal devices B60Q0007000000 Portable emergency signal devices to be placed on ways or vehicles B60Q0007020000 to be attached to overhanging loads or extending parts of vehicle B60Q0009000000 Arrangements or adaptations of signal devices not provided for in one of the preceding main groups B60R VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR B60R0001000000 Optical viewing arrangements (devices per G02B);; B60R0001020000 Rear-view mirror arrangements (periscope arrangements B60R0001100000);; B60R0001040000 mounted inside vehicle B60R0001060000 mounted on vehicle exterior B60R0001080000 involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots B60R0001100000 Front-view mirror arrangements; Periscope arrangements B60R0001120000 Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks B60R0003000000 Arrangements of steps or ladders, e.g. running-boards (constructed as superstructure sub-units of road vehicles B62D;ladders per E06C) B60R0003020000 Retractable steps B60R0003040000 with provisions for shoe-scraping B60R0005000000 Compartments within vehicle body primarily intended or sufficiently spacious for trunks, suit-cases, or the like (primarily intended for stowing loads in load-transporting vehicles B60P);; B60R0005020000 arranged at front of vehicle B60R0005040000 arranged at rear of vehicle B60R0007000000 Stowing or holding appliances inside of vehicle primarily intended for passenger's property smaller than suit-cases, e.g. passenger's apparel, travelling articles, or maps (for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like, mounting of cameras operative during drive, tools, or spare parts B60R0011000000;for receptacles for refuse, food, beverages, cigarettes B60N) B60R0007020000 in a separate luggage compartment B60R0007040000 in driver or passenger space B60R0007060000 mounted on or below dashboards B60R0007080000 Disposition of racks, clips, or the like B60R0009000000 Supplementary fittings on vehicle exterior for carrying luggage or the like B60R0009020000 at the sides, e.g. on running-board B60R0009040000 on the vehicle roof B60R0009060000 at vehicle front or rear B60R0009080000 specially adapted for sports gear (vehicles specially adapted for carrying aeroplanes, for carrying boats B60P);; B60R0009100000 for cycles B60R0009120000 for skis B60R0011000000 Arrangements for holding or mounting articles, not otherwise provided for B60R0011020000 for radio sets, television sets, telephones, or the like; Arrangement of controls thereof (of aerials H01Q);; B60R0011040000 Mounting of cameras operative during drive; Arrangement of controls thereof relative to the vehicle (cameras per G03B);; B60R0011060000 for tools or spare parts (for spare wheels B62D);; B60R0013000000 Elements for body-finishing, identifying, or decorating; Arrangements or adaptations for advertising purposes B60R0013020000 Trim mouldings; Ledges; Wall liners; Roof liners B60R0013040000 Ornamental or guard strips; Ornamental inscriptive devices B60R0013060000 Sealing strips B60R0013080000 Sound-insulating elements B60R0013100000 Registration, licensing, or like devices B60R0015000000 Arrangements or adaptations of sanitation devices B60R0015020000 Washing facilities B60R0015040000 Toilet facilities B60R0017000000 Arrangements or adaptations of lubricating systems or devices (lubricating in general F16N);; B60R0017020000 Systems, e.g. central lubrication systems B60R0018000000 Electric circuits, or arrangements of elements thereof, specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for B60R0018020000 of batteries (for propulsion purposes B60K);; B60R0018040000 of circuits B60R0018060000 Carrying-off electrostatic charges (in general H05F0003000000);; B60R0019000000 Wheel guards; Radiator guards; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions (mudguards B62D);; B60R0019020000 Bumpers, i.e. front or rear guards B60R0019040000 the guard itself being built-up of more than one rigid part B60R0019060000 elastically mounted B60R0019080000 the guard itself having at least one resilient part B60R0019100000 the resilient part being inflatable B60R0021000000 Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for preventing injuries to living beings in case of accidents or other traffic risks, e.g. high deceleration (hard grips B60N);; B60R0021020000 protecting beings in or on vehicles B60R0021040000 Soft fittings lining vehicle interior B60R0021060000 Shields between beings and glass B60R0021080000 brought into operative position by high deceleration of vehicle B60R0021100000 preventing accidental displacement of beings; Fitting of safety belts or harnesses in vehicle (safety belts or harnesses per A62B0035000000);; B60R0021120000 protecting against attacks B60R0021140000 protecting beings not carried by vehicle, e.g. pedestrians B60R0023000000 Arrangements or adaptations of fire-extinguishing apparatus (apparatus per A62C);; B60R0025000000 Vehicle fittings for preventing or indicating unauthorised use or theft of vehicles (locks per E05B);; B60R0025020000 operating on steering mechanism B60R0025040000 preventing use of engine (engines, fittings for normal use, see the relevant classes for such engines or fittings); B60R0025060000 operating on transmission B60R0025080000 operating on brake B60R0025100000 actuating a signalling device B60R0027000000 Other vehicle fittings; Vehicles, or vehicle parts, not provided for otherwise B60S SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR B60S0001000000 Cleaning of vehicles (by apparatus not integral with vehicle B60S0003000000;cleaning in general B08B; de-icing of aircraft B64D) B60S0001020000 Cleaning windscreens, windows, or optical devices B60S0001040000 Wipers or the like, e.g. scrapers B60S0001060000 characterised by the drive (producing other than swinging movement B60S0001440000);; B60S0001080000 electrically driven B60S0001100000 pneumatically driven B60S0001120000 hydraulically driven B60S0001140000 personally driven B60S0001160000 Means for transmitting drive B60S0001180000 mechanically B60S0001200000 by cable drives; by flexible shafts B60S0001220000 by rotary cams B60S0001240000 by rotary cranks B60S0001260000 by toothed gearing B60S0001280000 characterised by a plurality of wipers (B60S0001060000 takes precedence);; B60S0001300000 arranged both outside and inside B60S0001320000 characterised by constructional features of wiper blade arms B60S0001340000 Wiper arms; Mountings therefor B60S0001360000 Variable-length arms B60S0001380000 Wiper blades B60S0001400000 Connections between blades and arms B60S0001420000 resilient B60S0001440000 the wiper blades having other than swinging movement, e.g. rotary B60S0001460000 using liquid; Windscreen washers B60S0001480000 Liquid supply therefor B60S0001500000 Arrangement of reservoir B60S0001520000 Arrangement of nozzles (nozzles per B05B);; B60S0001540000 using gas, e.g. hot air B60S0001560000 specially adapted for cleaning other parts or devices than front windows or windscreens B60S0001580000 for rear windows B60S0001600000 for signalling devices, e.g. reflectors B60S0001620000 Other vehicle fittings for cleaning B60S0001640000 for cleaning vehicle interiors, e.g. built-in vacuum cleaners B60S0001660000 for cleaning vehicle exterior B60S0001680000 for freeing wheels or tyres from foreign matter, e.g. wheel scrapers B60S0003000000 Vehicle cleaning apparatus (apparatus for cleaning in general B08B;tank cleaning specially adapted for waterborne vessels B63B) B60S0003020000 for exteriors of waterborne vessels (integral with vessels B63B);; B60S0003040000 for exteriors of land vehicles B60S0003060000 with rotary bodies contacting the vehicles B60S0005000000 Servicing, maintaining, repairing, or refitting of vehicles (servicing rail locomotives B61K);; B60S0005020000 Supplying fuel to vehicles; General disposition of plant in filling stations (apparatus for transferring measured quantities of petrol, oil, or the like from storage space to vehicles B67D);; B60S0009000000 Ground engaging vehicle fittings for supporting, lifting, or manoeuvring the vehicle, wholly or in part, e.g. built-in jacks (lifting devices per B66F;supports per F16M) B60S0009020000 for only lifting or supporting B60S0009040000 mechanically B60S0009060000 of screw-and-nut type B60S0009080000 the screw axis being substantially vertical B60S0009100000 by fluid pressure B60S0009120000 of telescopic type B60S0009140000 for both lifting and manoeuvring B60S0009160000 for operating only on one end of vehicle B60S0009180000 mechanically B60S0009200000 with fluid-pressure lift B60S0009220000 Means for attaching lifting, supporting, or manoeuvring devices to vehicles (for separate devices B60S0011000000);; B60S0011000000 Vehicle modifications for receiving separate lifting, supporting, or manoeuvring devices B60S0013000000 Vehicle-manoeuvring devices separate from the vehicle (vehicle-lifting or pushing devices B66F);; B60S0013020000 Turntables; Traversers (incorporated in vehicle-storing garages E04H);; B60T VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS, OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL (electrodynamic braking B60L;brakes per, i.e. devices where braking effect occurs, including ultimate brake actuators, F16D) B60T0001000000 Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs B60T0001020000 acting by retarding wheels B60T0001040000 acting directly on tread B60T0001060000 acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission B60T0001080000 using fluid or powdered medium B60T0001100000 by utilising wheel movement for accumulating energy, e.g. driving air compressors (using propulsion unit as braking means, see the relevant class);; B60T0001120000 acting otherwise than by retarding wheels, e.g. jet-action B60T0001140000 directly on road (portable devices, e.g. chocks B60T0003000000);; B60T0001160000 by increasing air resistance, e.g. flaps B60T0003000000 Portable devices for preventing unwanted movement of vehicles, e.g. chocks B60T0005000000 Vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of brakes B60T0007000000 Brake-action initiating means B60T0007020000 for personal initiation B60T0007040000 foot-actuated B60T0007060000 Disposition of pedal B60T0007080000 hand-actuated B60T0007100000 Disposition of hand control B60T0007120000 for automatic initiation; for initiation not subject to will of driver or passenger B60T0007140000 operated by collapse of driver B60T0007160000 operated by remote control, i.e. initiating means not mounted on vehicle B60T0007180000 operated by wayside apparatus B60T0007200000 specially for trailers, e.g. in case of uncoupling of, or over-running by, trailer (inertia-actuated over-run brakes B60T0013080000);; B60T0008000000 Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force (by changing number of effective brake cylinders in power brake systems B60T0017100000);; B60T0008020000 according to speed for preventing wheel slippage B60T0008040000 by means responsive to variation of speed B60T0008060000 and controlled by an energy source driven by the wheel B60T0008080000 the energy source being an electric generator B60T0008100000 by wheel-slippage detecting means B60T0008120000 by means responsive to deceleration B60T0008140000 the responsive element being a linearly-movable mass B60T0008160000 the responsive element being a rotatable mass B60T0008180000 according to vehicle weight or load, e.g. load distribution B60T0008200000 with stepwise control action B60T0008220000 with continuous control action B60T0008240000 according to vehicle inclination or change of direction, e.g. negotiating bends B60T0008260000 characterised by producing differential braking between front and rear wheels B60T0011000000 Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator B60T0011020000 without power assistance or drive or where such assistance or drive is irrelevant (the power assistance or drive being essential B60T0013000000);; B60T0011040000 transmitting mechanically B60T0011060000 Equalising arrangements B60T0011080000 providing variable leverage B60T0011100000 transmitting by fluid means, e.g. hydraulic B60T0011120000 the transmitted force being varied therein (B60T0011160000-B60T0011260000; take precedence);; B60T0011140000 the transmitted force being substantially unchanged B60T0011160000 Master control, e.g. master cylinders B60T0011180000 Connection thereof to initiating means B60T0011200000 Tandem, side-by-side, or other multiple master-cylinder units B60T0011220000 characterised by being integral with reservoir B60T0011240000 Single initiating means operating on more than one circuit, e.g. dual circuits (multiple master-cylinder units B60T0011200000);; B60T0011260000 Reservoirs (integral with master controls B60T0011220000);; B60T0011280000 Valves peculiar thereto B60T0011300000 Bleed valves for hydraulic brake systems B60T0011320000 Automatic cut-off valves for defective pipes B60T0011340000 Pressure-reducing or limiting valves B60T0013000000 Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems (arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions B60T0008000000;valves incorporated in such systems B60T0015000000) B60T0013020000 with mechanical assistance or drive B60T0013040000 by spring or weight (fluid-released B60T0013100000);; B60T0013060000 by inertia, e.g. flywheel B60T0013080000 Over-run brakes B60T0013100000 with fluid assistance, drive, or release B60T0013120000 the fluid being liquid B60T0013140000 using accumulators or reservoirs B60T0013160000 using pumps directly, i.e. without interposition of accumulators or reservoirs B60T0013180000 with control of pump output delivery B60T0013200000 with control of pump driving means B60T0013220000 Brakes applied by springs or weights and released hydraulically B60T0013240000 the fluid being gaseous B60T0013260000 Compressed-air systems B60T0013280000 using accumulators or reservoirs B60T0013300000 using pumps directly, i.e. without interposition of accumulators or reservoirs B60T0013320000 with control of pump output delivery B60T0013340000 with control of pump driving means B60T0013360000 direct, i.e. brakes applied directly by compressed air B60T0013380000 Brakes applied by springs or weights and released by compressed air B60T0013400000 indirect B60T0013420000 Single-chamber B60T0013440000 Two-chamber B60T0013460000 Vacuum systems B60T0013480000 direct, i.e. brakes applied directly by vacuum B60T0013500000 Brakes applied by springs or weights and released by vacuum B60T0013520000 indirect B60T0013540000 Single-chamber B60T0013560000 Two-chamber B60T0013580000 Combined or convertible systems B60T0013600000 both fluid pressure and vacuum B60T0013620000 both straight and automatic B60T0013640000 both single- and two-chamber B60T0013660000 Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems B60T0013680000 by electrically-controlled valves B60T0013700000 by fluid-controlled switches B60T0013720000 in vacuum systems B60T0013740000 with electrical assistance or drive B60T0015000000 Construction, arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems (valves in general F16K);; B60T0015020000 Application and release valves B60T0015040000 Driver's valves B60T0015060000 Single driver's valves for pressure brakes without automatic control B60T0015080000 Driver's valves for pressure brakes having automatic control B60T0015100000 for vacuum brakes B60T0015120000 combined with relay valves or the like B60T0015140000 influencing electric control means B60T0015160000 Arrangements enabling systems to be controlled from two or more positions B60T0015180000 Triple or other relay valves which allow step-wise application or release and which are actuated by brake-pipe pressure variation to connect brake cylinders or equivalent to compressed-air or vacuum source or atmosphere B60T0015200000 controlled by two fluid pressures B60T0015220000 with one or more auxiliary valves, for braking, releasing, filling reservoirs B60T0015240000 controlled by three fluid pressures B60T0015260000 without a quick braking action B60T0015280000 and having auxiliary valves B60T0015300000 with a quick braking action B60T0015320000 and having auxiliary valves B60T0015340000 controlled alternatively by two or three fluid pressures B60T0015360000 Other control devices or valves characterised by definite functions B60T0015380000 for quick take-up and heavy braking, e.g. with auxiliary reservoir for taking-up slack B60T0015400000 with separate take-up and applying cylinders B60T0015420000 with a quick braking action, i.e. with accelerating valves actuated by brake-pipe pressure variation B60T0015440000 and operating independently of the main control device B60T0015460000 for retarding braking action to prevent rear vehicles of a vehicle train from overtaking the forward ones B60T0015480000 for filling reservoirs B60T0015500000 with means for limiting or relieving pressure in reservoirs B60T0015520000 for quick release of brakes, e.g. for influencing counter-pressure in triple valve or recirculating air from reservoir or brake cylinder to brake pipe B60T0015540000 for controlling exhaust from triple valve or from brake cylinder B60T0015560000 for filling reservoirs by means of a secondary supply pipe B60T0015580000 for supplying control impulses through a secondary air pipe B60T0015600000 for releasing or applying brakes when vehicles of a vehicle train are uncoupled B60T0017000000 Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups B60T0008000000, B60T0013000000, and B60T0015000000; (air compressors per F04);; B60T0017020000 Arrangements of pumps or compressors, or control devices therefor B60T0017040000 Arrangements of piping, cut-off valves, couplings, or air hoses (pipes, cut-off valves, couplings, air hoses per F16C, F16K, F16L);; B60T0017060000 Applications or arrangements of reservoirs B60T0017080000 Brake cylinders other than ultimate actuators (with built-in wear-compensating mechanisms, ultimate actuators F16D);; B60T0017100000 Two or more cylinders acting on the same brake with means for rendering them effective selectively or successively, the number of effective cylinders being variable B60T0017120000 according to vehicle weight B60T0017140000 according to vehicle speed B60T0017160000 Locking of brake cylinders B60T0017180000 Safety devices; Monitoring B60T0017200000 Safety devices operable by passengers other than the driver B60T0017220000 Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices B60V AIR-CUSHION VEHICLES (devices for short-distance movement of heavy loads by providing a high-pressure fluid cushion, supplied from an independent source, between load and ground B65G0007060000);; B60V0001000000 Air-cushion vehicles (land vehicles, waterborne vessels, or aircraft adapted or modified to travel on air cushions B60V0003000000);; B60V0001020000 wherein the cushion is generated and contained by at least one peripheral fluid curtain B60V0001040000 wherein the cushion is contained at least in part by walls B60V0001060000 wherein the cushion is formed within plenum chamber B60V0001080000 wherein the cushion is created during forward movement of the vehicle by ram effect B60V0001100000 in which the curtain-forming nozzle or the vehicle base is shaped to create a vortex curtain B60V0001120000 wherein the cushion is divided by stability jets B60V0001140000 Propelling B60V0001160000 Flexible skirts B60V0001180000 Body structure B60V0001200000 Spray deflectors B60V0001220000 provided with hydrofoils B60V0003000000 Land vehicles, waterborne vessels, or aircraft, adapted or modified to travel on air cushions B60V0003020000 Land vehicles, e.g. road vehicles B60V0003040000 co-operating with rails or other guiding means, e.g. with air cushion between rail and vehicle B60V0003060000 Waterborne vessels B60V0003080000 Aircraft, e.g. air-cushion alighting-gear therefor B61 RAILWAYS B61B RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (inclined systems in, or associated with, buildings or other structures and serving as lifts or hoists for conveying passengers or other loads from one level to another, e.g. inclined lifts associated with stairways, B66B;travelling cranes B66C) B61B0001000000 General arrangement of stations, platforms, or sidings; Railway networks; Rail-vehicle marshalling systems (shunting humps and shunting devices B61J;construction of platforms E01F0001000000; time-tables G09D) B61B0001020000 General arrangement of stations and platforms including protection devices for the passengers B61B0003000000 Elevated railway systems with suspended vehicles (with suspended flexible tracks B61B0007000000;saddle or like balanced type with monorail B61B0013060000; with propelling cables and for transporting materials B65G; tracks therefor E01B0025000000) B61B0003020000 with self-propelled vehicles B61B0005000000 Elevated railway systems without suspended vehicles (with monorail B61B0013040000;tracks therefor E01B0025000000) B61B0005020000 with two or more rails B61B0007000000 Rope railway systems with suspended flexible tracks B61B0007020000 with separate haulage cables B61B0007040000 with suspended tracks serving as haulage cables B61B0007060000 with self-propelled vehicles B61B0007080000 Details B61B0007100000 Suspension of the load; Guiding means, e.g. wheels; Attaching traction cables B61B0007120000 Devices for damping vibration B61B0007140000 Safety devices or measures against cable fracture B61B0007160000 Cable lubrication B61B0007180000 Cable traction drives B61B0007200000 Cable grippers; Haulage clips B61B0009000000 Tramway or funicular systems with rigid track and cable traction (shunting devices with cable traction B61J;haulage clips B61B0007200000) B61B0009020000 Safety devices or measures against cable fracture B61B0011000000 Ski-lift, sleigh-lift or like trackless systems with guided towing cables only B61B0011020000 Safety devices B61B0013000000 Other railway systems B61B0013020000 Rack railways B61B0013040000 Monorail systems B61B0013060000 Saddle or like balanced type B61B0013080000 Sliding or levitation systems (vehicles with air cushions between rails and vehicles B60V0003040000);; B61B0013100000 Tunnel systems (pneumatic tube conveyers B65G);; B61B0013120000 Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems (cable traction B61B0009000000;car-shunting devices B61J) B61B0015000000 Combinations of railway systems B61C LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS (vehicles in general B60;frames and bogies B61F; special railroad equipment for locomotives B61J, B61K) B61C0001000000 Steam locomotives or railcars (characterised by power transmissions B61C0009000000;engines F01; boilers F22B) B61C0001020000 of articulated construction; with two or more engines (appliances of booster engines B61C0015020000);; B61C0001040000 with steam accumulators (steam accumulators F01K);; B61C0001060000 Streamlining (of coachwork B61D);; B61C0001080000 Arrangement or disposition of combustion apparatus or accessories therefor B61C0001100000 Arrangement or disposition of steam generators B61C0001120000 Arrangement or disposition of condensers B61C0001140000 Arrangement or disposition of exhaust apparatus B61C0003000000 Electric locomotives or railcars (characterised by power transmission B61C0009000000;electrical features B60L, H02) B61C0003020000 with electric accumulators B61C0005000000 Locomotives or motor railcars with IC engines or gas turbines (characterised by power transmission B61C0009000000;engines F02) B61C0005020000 Arrangement or disposition of intakes and apparatus for supplying, circulating, or filtering air for combustion or engine-cooling purposes B61C0005040000 Arrangement or disposition of exhaust apparatus B61C0007000000 Other locomotives or motor railcars B61C0007020000 Locomotives or motor railcars with pneumatic accumulators B61C0007040000 Locomotives or motor railcars with two or more different kinds or types of engines, e.g. steam and IC engines B61C0008000000 Filling stations for steam- or pneumatic-accumulator locomotives or motor railcars B61C0009000000 Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of transmission system used; Transmission systems specially adapted for locomotives or motor railcars (machine elements F16);; B61C0009020000 Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with reciprocating-piston steam engines B61C0009040000 consisting of cranked axles and coupling-rods B61C0009060000 having toothed, chain, friction, or belt gearing B61C0009080000 Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with IC reciprocating-piston engines B61C0009100000 mechanical (combined with hydraulic gearing B61C0009140000);; B61C0009120000 with change-speed gearing B61C0009140000 hydraulic, including combinations with mechanical gearing B61C0009160000 using gearing of the hydrostatic type B61C0009180000 using gearing of the hydrokinetic type B61C0009200000 with mechanical change-speed gearing B61C0009220000 pneumatic B61C0009240000 electric (B61C0009380000 takes precedence);; B61C0009260000 with transmission shafts at an angle to the driving axles B61C0009280000 Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with rotary prime movers, e.g. turbines B61C0009300000 mechanical (combined with hydraulic gearing B61C0009340000);; B61C0009320000 with change-speed gearing B61C0009340000 hydraulic, including combinations with mechanical gearing B61C0009360000 electric (B61C0009380000 takes precedence);; B61C0009380000 Transmission systems in or for locomotives or motor railcars with electric motor propulsion (electrical features B60L, H02);; B61C0009400000 with cranked axles and coupling-rods B61C0009420000 hydraulic B61C0009440000 with hollow transmission shaft concentric with wheel axis B61C0009460000 with motors forming parts of wheels B61C0009480000 with motors supported on vehicle frames and driving axles (i.e. axle or nose suspension) B61C0009500000 in bogies B61C0009520000 with transmission shafts at an angle to the driving axles B61C0011000000 Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by the type of means applying the tractive effort; Arrangement or disposition of running gear other than normal driving wheels (constructions of wheels B60B);; B61C0011020000 tractive effort applied to cables or chains B61C0011040000 tractive effort applied to racks B61C0011060000 tractive effort applied or supplied by aerodynamic force or fluid reaction, e.g. air-screws or jet or rocket propulsion B61C0013000000 Locomotives or motor railcars characterised by their application to special systems or purposes (B61C0011000000 takes precedence);; B61C0013020000 for towing or transporting ships or for like special purposes B61C0013040000 for elevated railways with rigid rails (B61C0013080000 takes precedence);; B61C0013060000 for railways with suspended flexible tracks, e.g. rope railways B61C0013080000 for saddle or like balanced-type railways B61C0015000000 Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels (propelling locomotives or motor railcars by special means B61C0011000000;driving wheels with non-slipping devices B60B; brakes B61H; wetting or lubricating rails B61K) B61C0015020000 by auxiliary driving wheels; by temporary coupling or use of flywheels or booster engines B61C0015040000 by controlling wheel pressure, e.g. by movable weights or heavy parts or by magnetic devices (magnetic brakes B61H);; B61C0015060000 by displacing fuel, ballast, or the like B61C0015080000 Preventing wheel slippage B61C0015100000 by depositing sand or like friction-increasing materials (for vehicles in general B60B;combined control of sanding apparatus and brakes B61H) B61C0015120000 by reducing the driving power B61C0015140000 controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels B61C0017000000 Arrangement or disposition of parts; Accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems B61C0017020000 Bunkers; Tanks; Tenders (coachwork B61D);;Water or fuel pick-up or scoop apparatus; Water or fuel supply fittings B61C0017040000 Arrangement or disposition of driving cabins, footplates, or engine rooms; Ventilation thereof (driving cabins and accessories B61D);; B61C0017060000 Power storing devices B61C0017080000 Lubrication systems (in general F16N);; B61C0017100000 Connecting-rods for driving wheels; Arrangements of their bearings (connectings-rods or bearings, in general F16C0007000000, F16C0009040000);; B61C0017120000 Control gear; Arrangements for controlling locomotives from remote points in the train or when operating in multiple units (control from points outside the train B61L0003000000;fluid-actuated telemotors, servomotors F15B; control devices in general G05) B61D BODY DETAILS AND KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES (vehicles in general B60;adaptation of vehicles to special systems B61B; underframes B61F) B61D0001000000 Carriages for ordinary railway passenger traffic (mine cars B61D0011000000;tramcars B61D0013000000) B61D0001020000 General arrangements in sleeping or couchette carriages (B61D0001080000 takes precedence);; B61D0001040000 General arrangements of seats (B61D0001060000 takes precedence);; B61D0001060000 with multiple deck arrangement B61D0001080000 of sleeping carriages B61D0003000000 Wagons or vans (tank wagons B61D0005000000;hopper wagons B61D0007000000; tipping wagons B61D0009000000; mine cars B61D0011000000; vehicles adapted for animal transportation B60; piggy-back or container transport systems B65J; container traffic B65J) B61D0003020000 with multiple deck arrangements B61D0003040000 with movable floors, e.g. rotatable or floors which can be raised or lowered B61D0003060000 Flat-bottomed cars convertible into hoppers B61D0003080000 Flat wagons including posts or standards B61D0003100000 Articulated vehicles B61D0003120000 comprising running gear interconnected by loads B61D0003140000 comprising running gear interconnected by load supports facilitating low-level load transport B61D0003160000 adapted for carrying special loads (B61D0003020000-B61D0003100000; take precedence);; B61D0005000000 Tank wagons for carrying fluent materials B61D0005020000 having more than one tank B61D0005040000 with means for cooling, heating, or insulating B61D0005060000 Mounting of tanks; Integral bodies and frames B61D0005080000 Covers or access openings; Arrangements thereof B61D0007000000 Hopper cars B61D0007020000 with discharge openings in the bottoms (with body in two halves and discharge by tipping the halves B61D0009000000);; B61D0007040000 the openings being above axle level during discharge B61D0007060000 with openings capable of discharging both between and outside the wheels B61D0007080000 with openings capable of discharging only outside the wheels B61D0007100000 the discharge being assisted by tipping the bottom B61D0007120000 the hoppers being movable (B61D0009000000 takes precedence);; B61D0007140000 Adaptations of hopper elements to railways B61D0007160000 Closure elements for discharge openings B61D0007180000 pivoted B61D0007200000 sliding B61D0007220000 Sealing means thereof B61D0007240000 Opening or closing means B61D0007260000 mechanical B61D0007280000 hydraulic or pneumatic B61D0007300000 controlled by means external to cars B61D0007320000 Means for assisting charge or discharge B61D0009000000 Tipping wagons B61D0009020000 characterised by operating means for tipping B61D0009040000 Adaptations of rail vehicle elements to tipping wagons B61D0009060000 Bodies B61D0009080000 Frames; Supporting or guiding means for the bodies B61D0009100000 Devices preventing overturning when tipping B61D0009120000 Body fitments or devices facilitating or controlling outflow on discharge B61D0009140000 Tipping systems controlled by trackside means B61D0011000000 Mine cars (B61D0005000000-B61D0009000000; take precedence);; B61D0011020000 Body construction B61D0013000000 Tramway vehicles B61D0013020000 Double-deckers B61D0015000000 Other railway vehicles, e.g. scaffold cars; Adaptations of vehicles for use on railways B61D0015020000 Breakdown cranes (crane gear B66C);; B61D0015040000 convertible into other non-vehicular apparatus, e.g. exhibition stands B61D0015060000 Buffer cars; Arrangements or construction of railway vehicles for protecting them in case of collisions (buffers B61G0011000000);; B61D0015080000 Railway inspection trolleys B61D0015100000 hand or foot-propelled B61D0015120000 power-propelled B61D0017000000 Construction details of vehicle bodies (for tank wagons B61D0005000000;for hopper cars B61D0007000000; body details specially adapted for tipping wagons B61D0009060000; for mine cars B61D0011000000) B61D0017020000 reducing air resistance by modifying contour B61D0017040000 with bodies of metal; with composite, e.g. metal and wood, body structures B61D0017060000 End walls B61D0017080000 Sides B61D0017100000 Floors B61D0017120000 Roofs (movable or foldable roofs, covers, or tarpaulins B61D0039000000);; B61D0017140000 with gangways B61D0017160000 Hatches in roofs B61D0017180000 Internal lining, e.g. insulating B61D0017200000 Communication passages between coaches; Adaptation of coach ends therefor B61D0017220000 flexible, e.g. bellows B61D0017240000 with body structures of wood B61D0017260000 with body structures of concrete B61D0019000000 Door arrangements peculiar to rail vehicles (vehicle door arrangements in general B60J;locks E05B0065200000; door-operating mechanisms E05F) B61D0019020000 for carriages B61D0023000000 Construction of steps for railway vehicles (ladders in general E06C);; B61D0023020000 Folding steps for railway vehicles B61D0025000000 Window arrangements peculiar to rail vehicles (vehicle window arrangements in general B60J;cleaning vehicle windows B60S) B61D0027000000 Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning B61D0029000000 Lighting B61D0031000000 Sleeping accommodation B61D0033000000 Seats B61D0035000000 Sanitation B61D0037000000 Other furniture or furnishings B61D0039000000 Wagon or like covers; Tarpaulins; Movable or foldable roofs B61D0041000000 Indicators for reserved seats; Warning or like signs; Devices or arrangements in connection with tickets, e.g. ticket holders; Holders for cargo tickets or the like B61D0041020000 Holders or devices for cargo tickets or the like B61D0041040000 Indicators for reserved seats B61D0041060000 Holders for fare tickets B61D0043000000 Devices for using the energies of the movements of the vehicles B61D0045000000 Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks B61D0047000000 Loading or unloading devices combined with vehicles, e.g. loading platforms (combined with vehicles in general B60P);; B61D0049000000 Other details B61F RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES, ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING; WHEELS GUARDS; OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS, OR THE LIKE (for vehicles in general B60;axles, wheels B60B; tyres B60C) B61F0001000000 Underframes B61F0001020000 with a single central sill B61F0001040000 of triangulated type B61F0001060000 specially adapted for locomotives or motor-driven railcars B61F0001080000 Details B61F0001100000 End constructions B61F0001120000 Cross bearers B61F0001140000 Attaching or supporting vehicle body structure B61F0003000000 Types of bogies (B61F0005000000 takes precedence);; B61F0003020000 with more than one axle B61F0003040000 with driven axles or wheels B61F0003060000 with three or more axles B61F0003080000 without driven axles or wheels B61F0003100000 with three or more axles B61F0003120000 specially modified for carrying adjacent vehicle bodies of articulated trains B61F0003140000 specially modified for reducing air resistance B61F0003160000 with a separate axle for each wheel B61F0005000000 Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves B61F0005020000 Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies B61F0005040000 Bolster supports or mountings (side bearings B61F0005140000);; B61F0005060000 incorporating metal springs B61F0005080000 incorporating rubber springs B61F0005100000 incorporating fluid springs B61F0005120000 incorporating dampers B61F0005140000 Side bearings B61F0005160000 Centre bearings or other swivel connections between underframes and bolsters or bogies B61F0005180000 King-bolts B61F0005200000 with springs allowing transverse movements B61F0005220000 Guiding of the vehicle underframes with respect to the bogies B61F0005240000 Means for damping or minimising the canting, skewing, pitching, or plunging movements of the underframes B61F0005260000 Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes B61F0005280000 Axle-boxes integral with, or directly secured to, vehicle or bogie underframes B61F0005300000 Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes B61F0005320000 Guides, e.g. plates, for axle-boxes B61F0005340000 Wedge mechanisms for adjusting clearance between underframes and axles B61F0005360000 Arrangements for equalising or adjusting the load on wheels or springs, e.g. yokes B61F0005380000 Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves, e.g. sliding axles, swinging axles B61F0005400000 Bogies with side frames mounted for longitudinal relative movements B61F0005420000 Adjustment controlled by buffer or coupling gear B61F0005440000 Adjustment controlled by movements of vehicle body B61F0005460000 Adjustment controlled by a sliding axle under the same vehicle underframe B61F0005480000 Trailing bogies for locomotives or motor-driven railcars B61F0005500000 Other details B61F0005520000 Bogie frames B61F0007000000 Rail vehicles equipped for use on tracks of different width B61F0009000000 Rail vehicles characterised by means for preventing derailing, e.g. by use of guide wheels B61F0011000000 Rail vehicles characterised by rail-engaging elements other than wheels, e.g. balls B61F0013000000 Rail vehicles characterised by wheel arrangements, not otherwise provided for B61F0015000000 Axle-boxes (mounting or securing axle-boxes B61F0005260000;lubrication B61F0017000000; bearings in general F16C) B61F0015020000 with journal bearings B61F0015040000 for locomotives B61F0015060000 for cars B61F0015080000 the axle being slidable or tiltable in the bearings B61F0015100000 and having springs opposing such movements B61F0015120000 with roller, needle, or ball bearings B61F0015140000 constructed for taking-up axial pressure B61F0015160000 the axle being slidable or tiltable in the bearings B61F0015180000 and having springs opposing such movements B61F0015200000 Details B61F0015220000 Sealing means preventing entrance of dust or leakage of oil B61F0015240000 preventing oil leakage when vehicle is tilted or inverted B61F0015260000 Covers; Sealing thereof B61F0015280000 Axle-boxes modified to ensure electrical conductivity B61F0017000000 Lubrication specially adapted for axle-boxes of rail vehicles (lubrication in general F16N);; B61F0017020000 with oil B61F0017040000 Lubrication by stationary devices B61F0017060000 by means of a wick or the like B61F0017080000 Devices for pressing the wick or the like against the rotating axle B61F0017100000 by means of an oil bath B61F0017120000 by gravity B61F0017140000 Rotating lubricating devices B61F0017160000 with rings B61F0017180000 with chains B61F0017200000 with scoops or the like attached to, or coupled with, the axle B61F0017220000 with discs, rollers, or belts engaging the axle B61F0017240000 by built-in lubricating pumps B61F0017260000 by external feeding means, e.g. pneumatic devices B61F0017280000 Applications of oil cleaners not otherwise provided for B61F0017300000 with grease B61F0017320000 by manually-operated lubricators, e.g. screw cups B61F0017340000 by automatic means, e.g. with spring action B61F0017360000 with other, e.g. mixed, lubricating agents B61F0019000000 Wheel guards; Obstruction removers or the like B61F0019020000 Wheel guards B61F0019040000 Bumpers or like collision guards B61F0019060000 Nets, catchers, or the like for catching obstacles or removing them from the track (mailbag catchers B61K0001020000);; B61F0019080000 of the drop-down type B61F0019100000 automatically operated by engagement with obstacle B61G COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES (vehicle connections in general B60D);; B61G0001000000 Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means B61G0001020000 having links or bars coupling or uncoupling by rotating around a transverse horizontal axis B61G0001040000 Operating devices therefor (B61G0001080000 takes precedence);; B61G0001060000 and coupling when the coupling halves are pushed together B61G0001080000 Control devices therefor B61G0001100000 having links or bars coupling or uncoupling by rotating around a vertical axis B61G0001120000 Operating devices therefor (B61G0001160000 takes precedence);; B61G0001140000 and coupling when the coupling halves are pushed together B61G0001160000 Control devices therefor B61G0001180000 having links or bars coupling or uncoupling by rotating axially B61G0001200000 Operating devices therefor B61G0001220000 having screws incorporated in the links for lengthening or shortening the couplings B61G0001240000 Operating devices therefor (B61G0001260000 takes precedence);; B61G0001260000 and coupling when the coupling halves are pushed together; Control devices therefor B61G0001280000 with vertical bolt or pin B61G0001300000 Operating devices therefor B61G0001320000 with horizontal bolt or pin B61G0001340000 Operating devices therefor B61G0001360000 with shackles and hooks, e.g. specially adapted for mine cars B61G0001380000 rotatable about line of traction, e.g. for cars which are tiltable when coupled B61G0001400000 with coupling bars having an enlarged or recessed end which slips into the opposite coupling part and is gripped thereby, e.g. arrow-head type; with coupling parts having a tong-like gripping action B61G0001420000 Operating devices therefor B61G0003000000 Couplings comprising mating parts of similar shape or form which can be coupled without the use of any additional element or elements B61G0003020000 with interengaging movably-mounted hooks or links guided into alignment by a gathering device, e.g. "Dowty" type B61G0003040000 with coupling head having a guard arm on one side and a knuckle with angularly-disposed nose and tail portions pivoted to the other side thereof, the nose of the knuckle being the coupling part, and means to lock the knuckle in coupling position, e.g. "A.A.R." or "Janney" type B61G0003060000 Knuckle-locking devices B61G0003080000 Control devices, e.g. for uncoupling B61G0003100000 with coupling heads in the form of hook-like interengaging rigid jaws, e.g. "Willison" type B61G0003120000 Jaw-locking devices B61G0003140000 Control devices, e.g. for uncoupling B61G0003160000 with coupling heads rigidly connected by rotatable hook plates or discs and balancing links, the coupling members forming a parallelogram, e.g. "Scharfenberg" type B61G0003180000 Locking devices B61G0003200000 Control devices, e.g. for uncoupling B61G0003220000 with coupling heads rigidly connected by locks consisting of pivoted latches B61G0003240000 Latch-locking devices B61G0003260000 Control devices, e.g. for uncoupling B61G0003280000 with coupling heads rigidly connected by locks consisting of slidable pins B61G0003300000 with coupling heads rigidly connected by pins having locking noses which are brought into locking position by rotating the pins B61G0005000000 Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for B61G0005020000 for coupling articulated trains, locomotives and tenders, or the bogies of a vehicle; Coupling by means of a single coupling bar; Couplings preventing or limiting relative lateral movement of vehicles B61G0005040000 for matching couplings of different types, i.e. transitional couplings B61G0005060000 for, or combined with, couplings or connectors for fluid conduits or electric cables B61G0005080000 for fluid conduits B61G0005100000 for electric cables B61G0007000000 Details or accessories B61G0007020000 Hand tools for coupling or uncoupling B61G0007040000 Coupling or uncoupling by means of trackside apparatus B61G0007060000 Coupling heads constructed to facilitate alignment B61G0007080000 Adjustable coupling heads B61G0007100000 Mounting of the couplings on the vehicle B61G0007120000 Adjustable coupling bars, e.g. for centralisation purposes B61G0007140000 Safety devices B61G0009000000 Draw-gear B61G0009020000 Draw-gear and non-integral buffing appliances with combined action or acting on the same spring B61G0009040000 Draw-gear combined with buffing appliances (continuous B61G0009120000);; B61G0009060000 with rubber springs B61G0009080000 with fluid springs or fluid shock-absorbers; Combinations thereof B61G0009100000 with separate mechanical friction shock-absorbers B61G0009120000 Continuous draw-gear combined with buffing appliances, e.g. incorporated in a centre sill B61G0009140000 with rubber springs B61G0009160000 with fluid springs or fluid shock-absorbers; Combinations thereof B61G0009180000 with separate mechanical friction shock-absorbers B61G0009200000 Details; Accessories B61G0009220000 Supporting framework, e.g. cradles; Spring housings B61G0009240000 Linkages between draw-bar and framework (adjustable coupling bars B61G0007120000);; B61G0011000000 Buffers (springs F16F);; B61G0011020000 with metal springs B61G0011040000 with helical springs B61G0011060000 arranged to damp each other by mutual friction B61G0011080000 with rubber springs B61G0011100000 with combined rubber and metal springs B61G0011120000 with fluid springs or shock-absorbers; Combinations thereof B61G0011140000 absorbing shocks by mechanical friction action; Combinations of mechanical shock-absorbers and springs (B61G0011060000 takes precedence);; B61G0011160000 absorbing shocks by permanent deformation of buffer element B61G0011180000 Details B61H BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING APPARATUS PECULIAR TO RAIL VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS OR DISPOSITIONS OF BRAKES OR OTHER RETARDING APPARATUS IN RAIL VEHICLES (electrodynamic vehicle braking B60L, in general H02K;arrangements in rail vehicles for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or permanent-way conditions B60T0008000000; transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive, brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems, B60T0013000000-B60T0017000000; brakes per F16D) B61H0001000000 Applications or arrangements of brakes with a braking member or members co-operating with the periphery of the wheel rim, a drum, or the like (self-applying brakes B61H0011020000;combinations of different types of brakes B61H0011140000; wheels B60B) B61H0003000000 Applications or arrangements of brakes with an outwardly-movable braking member or members co-operating with the inner surface of a drum or the like (self-applying brakes B61H0011020000;combinations of different types of brakes B61H0011140000) B61H0005000000 Applications or arrangements of brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes (self-applying brakes B61H0011020000;combinations of different types of brakes B61H0011140000) B61H0007000000 Brakes with braking members co-operating with the track (positive railway stops or track brakes secured to permanent way B61K0007000000);; B61H0007020000 Scotch-blocks, skids, or like track-engaging shoes B61H0007040000 attached to railway vehicles B61H0007060000 Skids B61H0007080000 electromagnetically operated B61H0007100000 unattached B61H0007120000 Grippers co-operating frictionally with tracks B61H0009000000 Brakes characterised by, or modified for, their application to special railway systems or purposes B61H0009020000 for aerial, e.g. rope, railways B61H0009040000 for preventing or controlling movement in one direction or, selectively, in either direction B61H0009060000 for storing energy during braking action B61H0011000000 Applications or arrangements of braking or retarding apparatus not otherwise provided for; Combinations of apparatus of different kinds or types B61H0011020000 of self-applying brakes B61H0011040000 with brake-applying force derived from rotation of axle B61H0011060000 of hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, or aerodynamic brakes B61H0011080000 comprising a pump or the like circulating fluid, braking being effected by throttling of the circulation B61H0011100000 Aerodynamic brakes with control flaps, e.g. spoilers, attached to the vehicles B61H0011140000 Combinations of different types of brakes, e.g. brake blocks acting on wheel-rim combined with disc brakes B61H0011160000 Removable self-contained brake units B61H0013000000 Actuating rail-vehicle brakes (self-applying brakes B61H0011020000;wear-compensating mechanisms B61H0015000000) B61H0013020000 Hand or other personal actuation B61H0013040000 by mechanisms incorporating toothed gearing B61H0013060000 Actuating or influencing the brakes by backward-pressure of buffers or coupling gear, e.g. buffer brakes B61H0013200000 Transmitting mechanisms (wear-compensating mechanisms B61H0015000000);; B61H0013220000 for braking a single wheel or wheels at one side only, e.g. for locomotives or motor railcars B61H0013240000 for cars with two axles or bogies with two axles and braking cylinder(s) for each bogie, the mechanisms at each side being interconnected B61H0013260000 for cars or bogies with more than two axles or bogies, the mechanisms at each side being interconnected B61H0013280000 with variable leverage or mechanical advantage to obtain quick take-up B61H0013300000 adjustable to take account of variation of vehicle weight (automatic adjustment B60T0008180000);; B61H0013320000 by varying brake lever leverage B61H0013340000 Details B61H0013360000 Beams; Suspension thereof B61H0013380000 Suspension of transmitting mechanisms (B61H0013360000 takes precedence);; B61H0015000000 Wear-compensating mechanisms, e.g. slack adjusters B61J SHIFTING OR SHUNTING OF RAIL VEHICLES (shifting vehicles in general B60S;marshalling systems B61B) B61J0001000000 Turntables; Traversers; Transporting rail vehicles on other rail vehicles or dollies (shunting B61J0003000000);; B61J0001020000 Turntables; Integral stops B61J0001040000 of normal railroad type B61J0001060000 for railways with suspended vehicles, e.g. aerial rope railways B61J0001080000 for connecting inclined tracks or tracks of different height (wagon elevators B66);; B61J0001100000 Traversers B61J0001120000 Rollers or devices for shifting or transporting rail vehicles on rails B61J0003000000 Shunting or short-distance haulage devices; Similar devices for hauling trains on steep gradients or as starting aids; Car-propelling devices therefor (capstans B66D);; B61J0003020000 Gravity shunting humps B61J0003040000 Car-shunting or haulage devices with cable traction or endless-chain driving means B61J0003060000 with vehicle-engaging truck or carriage B61J0003080000 Devices with reciprocated pushing bars or like driving mechanisms combined with the track for shunting or hauling cars (railway systems of this kind B61B0013120000);; B61J0003100000 Car-shunting or positioning devices with pinchbar action (pinchbars, crowbars in general B66F0015000000);; B61J0003120000 Self-propelled tractors or pushing vehicles, e.g. mules (with cable traction B61J0003060000);; B61K OTHER AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT FOR RAILWAYS (energy-storing brakes B61H;protection of permanent way against weather influences E01B; rail cleaning, snow ploughs E01H) B61K0001000000 Transferring passengers, articles, or freight to and from moving trains; Slipping or coupling vehicles from or to moving trains B61K0001020000 transferring articles to and from moving trains, e.g. mailbag catchers B61K0003000000 Wetting or lubricating rails or wheel flanges B61K0003020000 Apparatus therefor combined with vehicles B61K0005000000 Apparatus for placing vehicles on the track; Derailers; Lifting or lowering rail vehicle axles or wheels (hoisting apparatus B66);; B61K0005020000 Devices secured to the vehicles; Turntables integral with the vehicles B61K0005040000 Devices secured to the track B61K0005060000 Derailing or re-railing blocks B61K0007000000 Railway stops fixed to permanent way; Track brakes or retarding apparatus fixed to permanent way; Sand tracks or the like (skids, wedges, vehicle-mounted scotch blocks B61H);; B61K0007020000 Track brakes or retarding apparatus (operating mechanisms for track-mounted scotch-blocks B61L);; B61K0007040000 with clamping action B61K0007060000 operated mechanically B61K0007080000 operated pneumatically or hydraulically B61K0007100000 electrodynamic (on vehicles B60L);; B61K0007120000 electrically controlled B61K0007140000 Sand or like tracks B61K0007160000 Positive railway stops B61K0007180000 Buffer stops B61K0007200000 Positive wheel stops B61K0007220000 Axle stops B61K0009000000 Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles B61K0009020000 Profile gauges, e.g. loading gauges B61K0009040000 Detectors for indicating the overheating of axle bearings and the like, e.g. associated with the brake system for applying the brakes in case of a fault B61K0009060000 by detecting or indicating heat radiation from overheated axles B61K0009080000 Measuring installations for surveying permanent way («for track-laying purposes E01;B;29/34;» measuring techniques G01);; B61K0009100000 for detecting cracks in rails or welds thereof B61K0009120000 Measuring or surveying wheel-rims (measuring techniques G01);; B61K0011000000 Servicing peculiar to locomotives, e.g. filling with, or emptying of, water, sand, or the like at the depots (lifting or lowering axles or wheels B61K0005000000;filling stations for fireless locomotives B61C0008000000; refuelling locomotives with solid fuels B65G0067180000; washing or cleaning the boilers F28G) B61K0011020000 Water columns for locomotives B61K0013000000 Other auxiliaries or accessories for railways (safety belts or harnesses A62B0035000000);; B61K0013020000 Starting aids for cars amplifying the draw-bar pull and transmitting it to the wheels B61K0013040000 Passenger-warning devices attached to vehicles; Safety devices for preventing accidents to passengers when entering or leaving vehicles B61L GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC: ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC (power supply lines for electrically-propelled vehicles B60M;vehicle signalling in general B60Q; brakes and auxiliary equipment B61H, B61K; point construction E01B; insulated rail joints E01B0011000000; optical devices in general G02; controlling in general G05; electric communication technique H04) B61L0001000000 Devices along the route controlled by interaction with the vehicle or vehicle train (detonators B61L0005200000;operation of points or signals by passage of the vehicle B61L0011000000, B61L0013000000; central traffic control systems controlled by train B61L0027040000; operation of gates, or gates and signals, by approaching vehicle B61L0029180000) B61L0001020000 Electric devices associated with track B61L0001040000 mechanically actuated by a part of the vehicle B61L0001060000 actuated by deformation of rail; actuated by vibration in rail B61L0001080000 magnetically actuated; electrostatically actuated B61L0001100000 actuated by electromagnetic radiation; actuated by particle radiation B61L0001120000 Electric devices associated with overhead trolley wires B61L0001140000 Devices for indicating the passing of the end of the vehicle or vehicle train B61L0001160000 Devices for counting axles; Devices for counting vehicles (counting moving objects in general G06M);; B61L0001180000 Railway track circuits (automatically-operated track circuits specially adapted for section blocking for controlling traffic B61L0023000000;rail joints E01B0011000000) B61L0001200000 Safety arrangements for preventing or indicating malfunction of the device, e.g. by leakage current, by lightning B61L0003000000 Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or vehicle train, e.g. to release brake, to operate a warning signal B61L0003020000 at selected places along the route, e.g. intermittent control B61L0003040000 controlling mechanically B61L0003060000 controlling by electromagnetic or particle radiation, e.g. by light beam (using radio waves B61L0003120000);; B61L0003080000 controlling electrically B61L0003100000 using current passing between devices along the route and devices on the vehicle train B61L0003120000 using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using radio waves B61L0003140000 to cut-off the power supply to traction motors of electrically-propelled vehicles B61L0003160000 Continuous control along the route B61L0003180000 using electric current passing between devices along the route and devices on the vehicle or vehicle train B61L0003200000 employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups B61L0003220000 using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation B61L0003240000 employing different frequencies or coded pulse groups B61L0005000000 Local operating mechanisms for points or track-mounted scotch-blocks (track-mounted scotch-blocks per B61K);;Visible or audible signals; Local operating mechanisms for visible or audible signals (B61L0011000000 takes precedence);; B61L0005020000 Mechanical devices for operating points or scotch-blocks B61L0005040000 Fluid-pressure devices for operating points or scotch-blocks B61L0005060000 Electric devices for operating points or scotch-blocks B61L0005080000 Underground actuating arrangements, e.g. for tramways B61L0005100000 Locking mechanisms for points; Means for indicating the setting of points B61L0005120000 Visible signals B61L0005140000 Form signals, e.g. semaphore arms B61L0005160000 Local operating mechanisms for form signals B61L0005180000 Light signals; Mechanisms associated therewith, e.g. blinders B61L0005200000 Audible signals, e.g. detonator B61L0005220000 Devices for initiating the release of detonators in a certain position of a signal B61L0005240000 Replacement of detonators B61L0007000000 Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks (B61L0011000000 takes precedence;interlocking arrangements B61L0019000000; transmission per, see the relevant classes); B61L0007020000 using mechanical transmission, e.g. wire, lever B61L0007040000 using fluid-pressure transmission B61L0007060000 using electrical transmission B61L0007080000 Circuitry B61L0007100000 for light signals, e.g. for supervision, back- signalling B61L0009000000 Illumination specially adapted for points, form signals, or gates (lighting in general F21);; B61L0009020000 non-electric B61L0009040000 electric B61L0011000000 Operation of points from the vehicle or by the passage of the vehicle B61L0011020000 Using mechanical interaction between vehicle and track B61L0011040000 Trailable point locks B61L0011060000 with fluid-pressure transmission B61L0011080000 using electrical or magnetic interaction between vehicle and track B61L0013000000 Operation of signals from the vehicle or by the passage of the vehicle B61L0013020000 using mechanical interaction between vehicle and track B61L0013040000 using electrical or magnetic interaction between vehicle and track B61L0015000000 Indicators provided on the vehicle or vehicle train for signalling purposes B61L0015020000 Head or tail indicators, e.g. light B61L0017000000 Switching systems for classification yards (rail brakes B61K);; B61L0017020000 Details, e.g. indicating degree of track filling B61L0019000000 Arrangements for interlocking between points and signals by means of a single interlocking device (station block arrangements B61L0021000000);; B61L0019020000 Interlocking devices having mechanical or fluid-pressure operation B61L0019040000 Details, e.g. hand lever, back-signalling device B61L0019060000 Interlocking devices having electrical operation B61L0019080000 Special arrangements for power supply for interlocking devices B61L0019100000 with mechanical locks B61L0019120000 Details B61L0019140000 with electrical locks B61L0019160000 Details B61L0021000000 Station blocking between signal boxes in one yard (interlocking between points and signals by means of a single interlocking device B61L0019000000);; B61L0021020000 Mechanical locking and release of the route; Repeat locks; Coupling of semaphores B61L0021040000 Electrical locking and release of the route; Electrical repeat locks B61L0021060000 Vehicle-on-line indication; Monitoring locking and release of the route B61L0021080000 Order transmission and reception arrangements for giving or witholding permission B61L0021100000 Arrangements for trains which are closely following one another (automatic central traffic control systems B61L0027040000);; B61L0023000000 Control, warning, or like safety means along the route B61L0023020000 for indicating along the route the failure of brakes B61L0023040000 for monitoring the mechanical state of the route B61L0023060000 for warning men working on the route B61L0023080000 for controlling traffic in one direction only (station blocking between signal boxes in one yard B61L0021000000);; B61L0023100000 manually operated B61L0023120000 partly operated by train B61L0023140000 automatically operated B61L0023160000 Track circuits specially adapted for section blocking B61L0023180000 specially adapted for changing lengths of track sections in dependence upon speed and traffic density B61L0023200000 with transmission of instructions to stations along the route B61L0023220000 for controlling traffic in two directions over the same pair of rails (station blocking between signal boxes in one yard B61L0021000000);; B61L0023240000 using token systems, e.g. train staffs, tablets B61L0023260000 with means for actuating signals from the vehicle or by passage of the vehicle B61L0023280000 using non-automatic blocking from a place along the route B61L0023300000 using automatic section blocking B61L0023320000 with provision for the blocking of passing sidings B61L0025000000 Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus B61L0025020000 Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains B61L0025040000 Indicating or recording train identities B61L0025060000 Indicating or recording the setting of track apparatus, e.g. of points, of signals B61L0025080000 Diagrammatic displays B61L0027000000 Central traffic control systems B61L0027020000 Manual systems B61L0027040000 Automatic systems, e.g. controlled by train; Change-over to manual control B61L0029000000 Safety means for rail/road crossing traffic B61L0029020000 Guards or obstacles for preventing access to the route (cattle guards connected to the permanent way E01B0017000000);; B61L0029040000 Gates for level crossings B61L0029060000 yielding to vehicles in one direction but operated in a different direction B61L0029080000 Operation of gates; Combined operation of gates and signals B61L0029100000 Means for securing gates in their desired position B61L0029120000 Manual operation B61L0029140000 mechanically B61L0029160000 electrically B61L0029180000 Operation by approaching rail vehicle or rail vehicle train B61L0029200000 mechanically B61L0029220000 electrically B61L0029240000 Means for warning road traffic that a gate is closed or closing, or that rail traffic is approaching, e.g. for visible or audible warning B61L0029260000 mechanically operated B61L0029280000 electrically operated B61L0029300000 Supervision, e.g. monitoring arrangements B61L0029320000 Timing, e.g. advance warning of approaching train B62 LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS B62B HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS, PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES B62B0001000000 Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor B62B0001020000 in which the wheel axis is disposed between the load and the handles B62B0001040000 involving parts being adjustable, collapsible, attachable, detachable, or convertible B62B0001060000 involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment B62B0001080000 having auxiliary wheels used during loading or unloading B62B0001100000 in which the load is intended to be transferred totally to the wheels B62B0001120000 involving parts being adjustable, collapsible, attachable, detachable, or convertible B62B0001140000 involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment B62B0001160000 involving tiltably-mounted containers B62B0001180000 in which the load is disposed between the wheel axis and the handles, e.g. wheelbarrows B62B0001200000 involving parts being collapsible, attachable, detachable, or convertible B62B0001220000 involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment B62B0001240000 involving tiltably-mounted containers B62B0001260000 characterised by supports specially adapted to objects of definite shape B62B0003000000 Hand carts having more than one axis carrying transport wheels; Steering devices therefor; Equipment therefor B62B0003020000 involving parts being adjustable, collapsible, attachable, detachable, or convertible B62B0003040000 involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment B62B0003060000 for simply clearing the load from the ground (masted lift trucks B66F);; B62B0003080000 involving tiltably-mounted containers B62B0003100000 characterised by supports specially adapted to objects of definite shape B62B0003120000 characterised by three-wheeled construction B62B0005000000 Accessories or details specially adapted for hand carts (B62B0009000000 takes precedence;wheels, axles, or axle bearings for vehicles B60B; castors for vehicles, castors in general B60B0033000000) B62B0005020000 providing for travelling up or down a flight of stairs B62B0005040000 Braking mechanisms (brakes in general F16D);;Locking devices against movement B62B0005060000 Hand moving equipment, e.g. handle bars (handle bars for perambulators B62B0009200000;for cycles B62K0011140000, B62K0021120000) B62B0007000000 Carriages for children; Perambulators, e.g. dolls' perambulators B62B0007020000 having only a single wheel axis B62B0007040000 having more than one wheel axis; Steering devices therefor B62B0007060000 collapsible or foldable B62B0007080000 in the direction of, or at right angles to, the wheel axes B62B0007100000 by folding down the body to the wheel carriage or by retracting projecting parts into the box-shaped body B62B0007120000 convertible, e.g. into children's furniture or toy (children's chairs convertible to push chairs A47D0001060000);; B62B0007140000 with detachable or rotatably-mounted body B62B0009000000 Accessories or details specially adapted for children's carriages or perambulators (providing for travelling on snow B62B0019000000);; B62B0009020000 providing for travelling up or down a flight of stairs B62B0009040000 with runners, e.g. sledge runners B62B0009060000 with spiders or the like B62B0009080000 Braking mechanisms; Locking devices against movement (brakes in general F16D);; B62B0009100000 Perambulator bodies; Equipment therefor (collapsible or foldable B62B0007060000;convertible B62B0007120000) B62B0009120000 involving parts that are adjustable, attachable, or detachable B62B0009140000 Hoods; Weather screens; Cat nets B62B0009160000 Mud-guards or protecting devices for wheels B62B0009180000 Resilient suspensions of bodies B62B0009200000 Handle bars; Handles B62B0009220000 Devices for rocking or oscillating B62B0009240000 Safety guards for children, e.g. harness (cat nets B62B0009140000);; B62B0009260000 Securing devices for bags or toys B62B0009280000 Auxiliary dismountable seats B62B0011000000 Hand-propelled vehicles not otherwise provided for B62B0013000000 Sledges with runners (ice boats or sailing sledges B62B0015000000);; B62B0013020000 characterised by arrangement of runners B62B0013040000 arranged in a single line B62B0013060000 arranged in two or more parallel lines B62B0013080000 with steering devices B62B0013100000 with swivelling portions of the runners; with a swivelling middle runner B62B0013120000 with tilting or bending runners B62B0013140000 combined with braking devices B62B0013160000 Collapsible or foldable sledges B62B0013180000 Vehicles having alternatively-usable runners and wheels B62B0015000000 Other sledges; Ice boats or sailing sledges B62B0017000000 Accessories or details of sledges B62B0017020000 Runners (attachable to, or replacing, vehicle wheels B62B0019000000);; B62B0017040000 resiliently suspended B62B0017060000 Superstructures; Attachments therefor B62B0017080000 Braking devices B62B0019000000 Runners for carrying wheeled vehicles to facilitate travel on ice or snow B62B0019020000 attachable to wheels B62B0019040000 replacing wheels B62C VEHICLES DRAWN BY ANIMALS B62C0001000000 Types of vehicles B62C0001020000 Passenger vehicles B62C0001040000 Load-carrying vehicles B62C0001060000 convertible, e.g. with extensible parts, with changeable wheel track B62C0001080000 Racing vehicles, e.g. sulkies B62C0003000000 Undercarriages or running gear of vehicles; Axle supports (undercarriages for supporting agricultural tools or apparatus A01B0051000000);; B62C0003020000 Front wheel carriers; Bogies; Steering mechanisms for bogies B62C0005000000 Draught assemblies B62C0005020000 Shafts, poles, or thills; Mountings thereof, e.g. resilient, adjustable B62C0005040000 Swingletrees; Mountings thereof; Draught equalisers for a span of draught animals; Mountings for traces (traces B68B0003200000);; B62C0007000000 Braking mechanisms and brake control devices specially adapted for animal-drawn vehicles (brakes in general F16D);; B62C0007020000 Mechanisms for locking ground-engaging wheels, e.g. engaging spokes B62C0007040000 Automatic brake control devices B62C0009000000 Carriers or holders for whips; Holders for reins forming part of, or attached to, vehicles (reins or whips per B68B);; B62C0011000000 Safeguarding appliances not otherwise provided for, e.g. for readily-releasing unmanageable draught animals B62C0011020000 Providing for disengaging thills B62C0011040000 combined with automatic braking B62D MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS (wheels, castors, axles, increasing wheel adhesion B60B;tyres, tyre inflation, tyre changing or repairing B60C; connections between vehicles of a train or the like B60D; vehicles for use on rail and road, amphibious or convertible vehicles B60F; suspension arrangements B60G; heating, cooling, ventilating or other air treating devices B60H; windows, windscreens, non-fixed roofs, doors or similar devices, protective coverings for vehicles not in use B60J; propulsion plant arrangements, auxiliary drives, transmissions, controls, instrumentation or dashboards B60K; electric equipment and propulsion of electrically-propelled vehicles B60L; power supply for electrically-propelled vehicles B60M; passenger accommodation not otherwise provided for B60N; adaptations for load transportation or to carry special loads or objects B60P; lighting, signalling B60Q; vehicles, vehicle fittings or vehicle parts, not otherwise provided for B60R; servicing, cleaning, repairing, supporting, lifting, or manoeuvring, not otherwise provided for B60S; brake arrangements, brake control systems or parts thereof B60T; air-cushion vehicles B60V; testing of vehicles G01M) B62D0001000000 Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle (control devices in general G05);; B62D0001020000 vehicle-mounted B62D0001040000 Hand wheels B62D0001060000 Rims, e.g. with heating means; Rim covers B62D0001080000 Spokes, e.g. resilient B62D0001100000 Hubs; Connecting hubs to steering columns, e.g. adjustable B62D0001120000 Hand levers B62D0001140000 Tillers, i.e. hand levers operating on steering columns B62D0001160000 Steering columns B62D0001180000 yieldable, adjustable, or tiltable B62D0001200000 Connecting steering column to steering gear B62D0001220000 Alternative steering-control elements, e.g. for teaching purposes B62D0001240000 remote controlled, i.e. by means not mounted on the vehicle B62D0001260000 mechanically, e.g. by a non-load-bearing guide (railways B61);; B62D0001280000 non-mechanically B62D0003000000 Steering gears (power assisted or power driven B62D0005000000;steering linkages B62D0007000000; for non-deflectable wheels B62D0011000000; gearing in general F16) B62D0003020000 mechanical B62D0003040000 of worm type B62D0003060000 with screw and nut B62D0003080000 using intermediate balls or the like B62D0003100000 with worm engaging in sector or roller gear B62D0003120000 of rack-and-pinion type B62D0003140000 hydraulic B62D0005000000 Power-assisted or power-driven steering (for non-deflectable wheels B62D0011000000;fluid-pressure servomotors in general F15B) B62D0005020000 mechanical B62D0005040000 electrical B62D0005060000 fluid B62D0005080000 Valve arrangement B62D0005100000 characterised by type of power unit, e.g. piston and cylinder B62D0007000000 Steering linkage; Stub axles and their mountings (power-assisted linkage B62D0005000000;linkage in general F16H) B62D0007020000 for pivoted bogies B62D0007040000 with more than one wheel B62D0007060000 for individually-pivoted wheels, e.g. on king-pins B62D0007080000 the pivotal axes being situated in a single plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle B62D0007100000 with single-output steering gear B62D0007120000 with twin-output steering gear B62D0007140000 the pivotal axes being situated in more than one plane transverse to the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, e.g. all-wheel steering B62D0007160000 Arrangement of linkage connections (pivots per F16C);; B62D0007180000 Steering knuckles; King-pins B62D0007200000 Links, e.g. track rods (means for adjusting camber, castor, or toe-in B62D0017000000);; B62D0009000000 Steering deflectable wheels not otherwise provided for (steering-position indicators B62D0015020000);; B62D0009020000 combined with means for inwardly-inclining vehicle body on bends B62D0011000000 Steering non-deflectable wheels; Steering endless tracks or the like B62D0011020000 by differentially driving ground-engaging elements on opposite vehicle sides B62D0011040000 by means of separate power sources B62D0011060000 by means of a single main power source B62D0011080000 using brakes or clutches as main steering-effecting means B62D0011100000 using gearings with differential power outputs on opposite sides, e.g. twin-differential or epicyclic gears B62D0011120000 utilising separate change-speed gearings B62D0011140000 differential power outputs being effected by additional power supply to one side, e.g. power originating from secondary power source B62D0011160000 the additional power supply being supplied mechanically B62D0011180000 the additional power supply being supplied hydraulically B62D0011200000 Endless-track steering having pivoted bogie carrying track (B62D0011020000 takes precedence);; B62D0011220000 Endless-track steering being effected by deflecting endless-track rollers or the like B62D0011240000 Endless-track steering specially adapted for vehicles having both steerable wheels and endless track B62D0013000000 Steering specially adapted for trailers (combined traction and steering hitches B60D);; B62D0013020000 for centrally-pivoted axles B62D0013040000 for individually-pivoted wheels B62D0013060000 for backing a normally-drawn trailer B62D0015000000 Steering not otherwise provided for B62D0015020000 Steering-position indicators; Steering aids B62D0017000000 Means on vehicle for adjusting camber, castor, or toe-in B62D0019000000 Radius rods, i.e. distance members B62D0021000000 Understructures, i.e. chassis frames (combined body and frame B62D0023000000);; B62D0021020000 built-up essentially of longitudinally and transversely arranged members B62D0021040000 having a single longitudinal member supporting transverse members B62D0021060000 of X-shaped or fork-shaped construction B62D0021080000 built-up with interlaced cross members (Fachwerkrahmen) B62D0021100000 in which the main member is plate-like B62D0021120000 built-up of readily-detachable parts B62D0021140000 of adjustable length or width B62D0021160000 providing for fluid-tight compartments B62D0021180000 characterised by the vehicle type and not provided for in groups ; B62D0021020000-B62D0021160000 B62D0023000000 Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions (superstructure sub-units B62D0025000000);; B62D0025000000 Superstructure sub-units; Parts or details thereof and not otherwise provided for B62D0025020000 Side panels B62D0025040000 Door pillars B62D0025060000 Fixed roofs B62D0025080000 Front or rear portions B62D0025100000 Bonnets or lids B62D0025120000 Parts or details thereof B62D0025140000 Dashboards as superstructure sub-unit (other dashboard aspects B60K);; B62D0025160000 Mud-guards or wings; Wheel cover panels (equipped with means for freeing wheels or tyres from foreign matter B60S);; B62D0025180000 Parts or details thereof, e.g. mud-guard flaps B62D0025200000 Floors or bottom sub-units B62D0025220000 Running-boards, steps, or the like, as superstructure sub-unit (other arrangements of steps, ladders, or running-boards in vehicles B60R);; B62D0027000000 Connections between superstructure sub-units B62D0027020000 rigid B62D0027040000 resilient B62D0027060000 readily releasable B62D0029000000 Superstructures characterised by material thereof B62D0029020000 predominantly of wood B62D0029040000 predominantly of synthetic material (making car bodies from plastics B29D);; B62D0031000000 Superstructures for passenger vehicles B62D0031020000 for carrying large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus B62D0031040000 with more than one deck B62D0033000000 Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles (in which a load-carrying element is movable B60P);; B62D0033020000 Platforms; Open loading compartments B62D0033040000 Enclosed load compartments B62D0033060000 Drivers' cabs B62D0033080000 adjustable B62D0035000000 Vehicle bodies characterised by streamlining B62D0035020000 Streamlining the undersurfaces B62D0037000000 Stabilising vehicle bodies without controlling suspension arrangements B62D0037020000 by aerodynamic means B62D0037040000 by means of movable masses B62D0037060000 using gyroscopes B62D0039000000 Vehicle bodies not otherwise provided for B62D0041000000 Fittings for identifying vehicles in case of collision; Fittings for marking or recording collision areas B62D0043000000 Spare wheel stowing, holding, or mounting arrangements B62D0043020000 external to the vehicle body B62D0043040000 attached beneath the vehicle body B62D0043060000 within the vehicle body B62D0043080000 and arranged substantially vertical B62D0043100000 and arranged substantially horizontal B62D0047000000 Motor vehicles or trailers predominantly for carrying passengers B62D0047020000 for large numbers of passengers, e.g. omnibus B62D0049000000 Tractors (of walk type B62D0051040000;endless-track features B62D0055000000) B62D0049020000 modified to take lifting devices B62D0049040000 modified to take pushing devices B62D0049060000 adapted for multi-purpose use B62D0049080000 having means for preventing overturning or tipping B62D0051000000 Motor vehicles characterised by the driver not being seated B62D0051020000 the driver standing in the vehicle B62D0051040000 the driver walking B62D0051060000 Uniaxle walk-type tractors B62D0053000000 Tractor-trailer combinations; Road trains (traction couplings other than fifth-wheel couplings B60D);; B62D0053020000 comprising a uniaxle tractor unit and a uniaxle trailer unit B62D0053040000 comprising a vehicle carrying an essential part of the other vehicle's load by having supporting means for the front or rear part of the other vehicle B62D0053060000 Semi-trailers B62D0053080000 Fifth-wheel traction couplings B62D0053100000 with means for preventing accidental uncoupling B62D0053120000 engaging automatically B62D0055000000 Endless-track vehicles (steering aspects B62D0011000000);; B62D0055020000 with tracks and additional ground wheels B62D0055040000 with tracks and alternative ground wheels, e.g. changeable from endless-track vehicle into wheeled vehicle and ; vice versa B62D0055060000 with tracks without ground wheels B62D0055080000 Endless-track units; Parts thereof B62D0055100000 Bogies; Frames (track-tensioning means B62D0055300000);; B62D0055120000 Arrangement, location, or adaptation of driving sprockets B62D0055140000 Arrangement, location, or adaptation of rollers B62D0055160000 resiliently mounted B62D0055180000 Tracks B62D0055200000 of articulated type, e.g. chains B62D0055220000 of locked-girder type, i.e. for preventing back-flexing B62D0055240000 of continuously-flexible type, e.g. rubber belts B62D0055260000 Ground-engaging parts or elements B62D0055280000 detachable B62D0055300000 Track-tensioning means B62D0057000000 Vehicles characterised by having other propulsion or other ground-engaging means than wheels or endless track (sledges B62B;motor sledges B62M) B62D0057020000 with ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. walking members B62D0057040000 having other than ground-engaging propulsion means, e.g. having propellers (arrangement of jet-propulsion units B60K);; B62D0059000000 Trailers with driven ground wheels or the like B62D0059020000 driven from external propulsion unit B62D0059040000 driven from propulsion unit on trailer B62D0061000000 Vehicles characterised by the arrangement or number of the wheels, e.g. four wheels in diamond pattern (single-track vehicles with or without auxiliary wheels B62K);; B62D0061020000 with two road wheels in tandem on the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle B62D0061040000 with two other wheels which are coaxial B62D0061060000 with only three wheels B62D0061080000 with single front wheel B62D0061100000 with more than four wheels B62D0061120000 with variable number of ground-engaging wheels, e.g. with some wheels arranged higher than others, or with retractable wheels (for manoeuvring purposes only B60S);; B62D0063000000 Motor vehicles or trailers not otherwise provided for B62D0063020000 Motor vehicles B62D0063040000 Component parts or accessories B62D0063060000 Trailers B62D0063080000 Component parts or accessories B62D0065000000 Designing, manufacturing, or assembling motor vehicles or trailers, not otherwise provided for B62H CYCLE STANDS; SUPPORTS OR HOLDERS FOR PARKING OR STORING CYCLES; APPLIANCES PREVENTING OR INDICATING UNAUTHORISED USE OR THEFT OF CYCLES; LOCKS INTEGRAL WITH CYCLES; DEVICES FOR LEARNING TO RIDE CYCLES B62H0001000000 Supports or stands forming part of, or attached to, cycles B62H0001020000 Articulated stands, e.g. in the shape of hinged arms (B62H0001100000 takes precedence);; B62H0001040000 Substantially U-shaped stands for embracing the rear wheel B62H0001060000 Extensible stands, e.g. with telescopic parts (B62H0001100000 takes precedence);; B62H0001080000 Pedal supports B62H0001100000 involving means providing for a stabilised ride (training appliances or apparatus for cycling sport A63B0069160000);; B62H0001120000 using additional wheels B62H0001140000 using runners for riding on ice or snow (runners for carrying wheeled vehicles to facilitate travel on ice or snow B62B0019000000);; B62H0003000000 Separate supports or holders for parking or storing cycles (cycle supports used during maintenance B25H;building aspects E04H) B62H0003020000 involving means for gripping the cycle by the handle-bars or by the upper part of the frame B62H0003040000 involving forked supports or brackets for holding a wheel (B62H0003080000 takes precedence);; B62H0003060000 collapsible B62H0003080000 involving recesses or channelled rails for embracing the bottom part of a wheel B62H0003100000 involving forked supports or brackets embracing the bottom part of the frame B62H0003120000 Hanging-up devices B62H0005000000 Appliances preventing or indicating unauthorized use or theft of cycles; Locks integral with cycles (fittings for preventing or indicating use or theft of vehicles in general B60R;general features of locks E05B) B62H0005020000 for locking the steering mechanism B62H0005040000 acting on the handle-bars or equivalent B62H0005060000 acting on the front wheel fork or steering head tube B62H0005080000 preventing the drive (by acting on powered drive B62M);; B62H0005100000 acting on a pedal crank B62H0005120000 acting on the chain wheel or the chain B62H0005140000 preventing wheel rotation B62H0005160000 acting on parts of a road wheel B62H0005180000 acting on a braking device B62H0005200000 indicating unauthorized use, e.g. acting on signalling devices B62H0007000000 Devices for learning to ride cycles, not otherwise provided for, e.g. assisting balance B62J CYCLE SADDLES OR SEATS; ACCESSORIES PECULIAR TO CYCLES AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. ARTICLE CARRIERS, CYCLE PROTECTORS B62J0001000000 Saddles or other seats for cycles; Arrangement thereof; Component parts (arrangements or adaptations of vehicle seats in general B60N);; B62J0001020000 Saddles resiliently mounted on the frame; Equipment therefor, e.g. springs (springs in general F16F);; B62J0001040000 Saddles capable of swinging about a horizontal pivot B62J0001060000 Saddles capable of parallel motion up and down B62J0001080000 Frames for saddles; Connections between saddle frames and seat pillars; Seat pillars (attaching seat pillars to cycle frames B62K0019360000);; B62J0001100000 Internal adjustment of saddles B62J0001120000 Box-shaped seats; Bench-type seats, e.g. dual or twin seats B62J0001140000 Separate pillions B62J0001160000 for children B62J0001180000 Covers for saddles or other seats; Paddings (paddings in general B68G);; B62J0001200000 Detachable covers; Detachable pads B62J0001220000 Covers with built-in paddings B62J0001240000 Paddings involving torsional or bending springs B62J0001260000 Paddings involving other resilient material, e.g. sponge rubber with inflatable compartments B62J0001280000 Other additional equipment, e.g. back rests for children B62J0003000000 Acoustic signal or alarm devices (acoustic signal or alarm devices in general G08);;Arrangements of such devices on cycles B62J0005000000 Optical signal or lighting devices (optical signal or lighting devices in general F21, G08, H05);;Arrangements of such devices on cycles B62J0005020000 the devices being headlights B62J0005040000 the devices being rear lights B62J0005060000 Arrangements of lighting dynamos or drives therefor (dynamo construction per H02K);; B62J0005080000 Tyre drives B62J0005100000 Gear drives (B62J0005120000 takes precedence);; B62J0005120000 Dynamos arranged in the wheel hub B62J0005140000 Belt drives B62J0005160000 Arrangements of switches B62J0005180000 Arrangements of electric cables B62J0005200000 Arrangements of reflectors (pedals incorporating reflectors B62M0003120000);; B62J0007000000 Luggage carriers B62J0007020000 characterised by the arrangement thereof on cycles B62J0007040000 above or behind the rear wheel B62J0007060000 above the front wheel, e.g. on the handle-bars B62J0007080000 Equipment for securing luggage on carriers B62J0009000000 Panniers, saddle bags, or other containers specially adapted to be attached to cycles B62J0009020000 for tools or spare parts B62J0011000000 Supporting devices for attaching articles of definite shape to cycles, e.g. for maps, umbrellas, bottles B62J0011020000 for pumps B62J0013000000 Guards for chain, chain drive, or equivalent drive, e.g. belt drive B62J0013020000 shielding only the upper run of the chain or the like B62J0013040000 completely enclosing the chain drive or the like B62J0013060000 admitting ready access to the chain or the like B62J0015000000 Mud-guards for wheels B62J0015020000 Fastening means; Stays B62J0015040000 Mud flaps B62J0017000000 Weather guards for riders; Fairing or streamlining parts not otherwise provided for (protective garments A41D0013000000;crash helmets A42B0003020000) B62J0017020000 shielding only the rider's front B62J0017040000 Windscreens B62J0017060000 Leg guards B62J0017080000 Hoods protecting the rider (hoods for sidecars B62K;hoods enclosing riders in motor cycles with three or more wheels B60J) B62J0019000000 Parking covers for cycles (convertible into protective garments for the rider A41D0015040000;«convertible into camping articles A45F3/28»); B62J0021000000 Dress protectors, e.g. clips attached to the cycle (loose clips for trousers or skirts A41F0017020000);; B62J0023000000 Other protectors specially adapted for cycles B62J0025000000 Foot-rests; Rigidly-mounted knee grips, e.g. on petrol tank B62J0027000000 Safety equipment, e.g. crash bars (safety belts per A62B0035000000);; B62J0029000000 Adaptations or arrangements of mirrors for use on cycles (for vehicles in general B60R);; B62J0031000000 Installations of lubricating devices B62J0033000000 Installations peculiar to cycles for warming riders (for vehicles in general B60H);; B62J0035000000 Fuel tanks specially adapted for motor-cycles or engine-assisted cycles; Arrangements thereof (fuel tanks forming parts of cycle frames B62K0011000000;closure caps for fuel tanks B67B) B62J0037000000 Arrangements of fuel supply lines, taps, etc., on motor-cycles or engine-assisted cycles B62J0039000000 Other accessories, e.g. carrying-handles (registration plates B60R);; B62K CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDECARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE B62K0001000000 Unicycles B62K0003000000 Bicycles B62K0003020000 Frames (tandem frames B62K0003140000);; B62K0003040000 having a substantially-horizontal top bar B62K0003060000 of open type B62K0003080000 having crossing members B62K0003100000 of single-beam type, i.e. connecting steering head to rear axle B62K0003120000 Tandems B62K0003140000 Frames B62K0003160000 specially adapted for disabled riders (invalid multi-track cycles A61G0005000000);; B62K0005000000 Cycles with more than two main road wheels (invalid multi-track cycles A61G0005000000;cycle supports or stands equipped with additional wheels for ride stabilisation B62H0001120000) B62K0005020000 Tricycles B62K0005040000 with two coaxial wheels B62K0005060000 Frames B62K0005080000 Steering devices acting on more than one wheel B62K0007000000 Freight- or passenger-carrying cycles B62K0007020000 Frames B62K0007040000 having a carrying platform B62K0009000000 Children's cycles B62K0009020000 Tricycles B62K0011000000 Motor-cycles; Engine-assisted cycles; Motor-scooters (fairings or streamlining parts, not forming part of frame B62J;transmission of drive from engine to wheels B62M) B62K0011020000 Frames (motor-cycles or cycles with auxiliary engines characterised by position of engine B62M);; B62K0011040000 characterised by the engine being between front and rear wheels B62K0011060000 the frame being of single-beam type B62K0011080000 the beam being fabricated from sheet metal, e.g. forming fuel tank walls B62K0011100000 characterised by the engine being over or beside driven rear wheel B62K0011120000 Steering wheel forks characterised by the association therewith of engine B62K0011140000 Handle-bar constructions, or arrangements of controls thereon, specially adapted thereto (hand controls per B62K0023020000);; B62K0013000000 Cycles convertible to, or transformable into, other type of cycle or land vehicle (cycle supports or stands equipped with additional wheels for ride stabilisation B62H0001120000);; B62K0013020000 to a tandem B62K0013040000 to a tricycle B62K0013060000 to a quadricycle, e.g. by coupling together two bicycles side by side B62K0013080000 Frames B62K0015000000 Collapsible or foldable cycles B62K0017000000 Cycles not otherwise provided for B62K0019000000 Cycle frames (cycle frames specially adapted for one particular kind of cycle specified in groups B62K0001000000-B62K0017000000, see the relevant group);; B62K0019020000 characterised by material or cross-section of frame members B62K0019040000 the material being wholly or mainly metallic, e.g. of high elasticity B62K0019060000 tubular B62K0019080000 made from sheet B62K0019100000 Combinations of tube and sheet B62K0019120000 having cast members B62K0019140000 the material being wholly or mainly wood B62K0019160000 the material being wholly or mainly of plastics B62K0019180000 Joints between frame members B62K0019200000 welded, soldered, or brazed B62K0019220000 Adhesive joints B62K0019240000 Screwed joints B62K0019260000 Riveted joints B62K0019280000 Means for strengthening joints B62K0019300000 Frame parts shaped to receive other cycle parts or accessories (axle suspensions B62K0025000000);; B62K0019320000 Steering heads (bearings therefor B62K0021060000);; B62K0019340000 Bottom brackets B62K0019360000 for attaching saddle pillars, e.g. adjustable during ride B62K0019380000 for attaching brake members B62K0019400000 for attaching accessories, e.g. luggage carriers, lamps B62K0019420000 for tyre pumps (attachment devices not forming part of frame B62J0011020000);; B62K0019440000 Chain-guards forming part of frame (chain-guards per B62J0013000000);; B62K0019460000 Luggage carriers forming part of frame (luggage carriers per B62J0007000000);; B62K0019480000 Fairings forming part of frame B62K0021000000 Steering devices (steering devices specially adapted for one particular kind of cycle specified in groups B62K0001000000-B62K0017000000, see the relevant group);; B62K0021020000 Front wheel forks or equivalent, e.g. single tine B62K0021040000 Fork crowns B62K0021060000 Bearings specially adapted for steering heads (bearings in general F16C);; B62K0021080000 Steering dampers (dampers in general F16F);; B62K0021100000 Mechanisms for restoring steering device to straight-ahead position B62K0021120000 Handle-bars; Handle-bar stems B62K0021140000 having resilient parts therein B62K0021160000 having adjustable parts therein B62K0021180000 Connections between forks and handle-bars or handle-bar stems B62K0021200000 resilient B62K0021220000 adjustable B62K0021240000 readily releasable B62K0021260000 Handle-bar grips (twist grips B62K0023040000);; B62K0023000000 Rider-operated controls specially adapted for cycles, i.e. means for initiating control operations, e.g. levers, grips (specially adapted to cycle brake mechanisms B62L0003000000);; B62K0023020000 hand-actuated (arrangements of controls on handle-bars of engine-driven cycles B62K0011140000);; B62K0023040000 Twist grips B62K0023060000 Levers B62K0023080000 foot-actuated B62K0025000000 Axle suspensions (for vehicles in general B60G);; B62K0025020000 for mounting axles rigidly on cycle frame or fork, e.g. adjustably B62K0025040000 for mounting axles resiliently on cycle frame or fork (for sidecars, forecars, or the like B62K0027060000);; B62K0025060000 with telescopic fork, e.g. including auxiliary rocking arms B62K0025080000 for front wheel B62K0025100000 for rear wheel B62K0025120000 with rocking arm pivoted on each fork leg (in combination with telescopic fork B62K0025060000);; B62K0025140000 with single arm on each fork leg B62K0025160000 for front wheel B62K0025180000 the arm being pivoted intermediate its ends B62K0025200000 for rear wheel B62K0025220000 with more than one arm on each fork leg B62K0025240000 for front wheel B62K0025260000 for rear wheel B62K0025280000 with pivoted chain-stay B62K0025300000 pivoted on pedal crank shelf (B62K0025320000 takes precedence);; B62K0025320000 the chain-stay forming a chain-guard B62K0027000000 Sidecars; Forecars or the like (trailers B60P, B62D;characterised by carrying propulsion engine B62M) B62K0027020000 Frames B62K0027040000 Car bodies; Fairings B62K0027060000 Resilient axle suspension B62K0027080000 Resilient car-body suspension on frame B62K0027100000 Other component parts or accessories B62K0027120000 Coupling parts for attaching cars or the like to cycle; Arrangements thereof B62K0027140000 Resilient coupling parts B62K0027160000 Hoods; Weather-guards, e.g. windscreens B62L BRAKES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES B62L0001000000 Brakes; Arrangements thereof (back-pedalling brakes B62L0005000000);; B62L0001020000 in which cycle wheels are engaged by brake elements B62L0001040000 the tyre surfaces being engaged B62L0001060000 the wheel-rim being engaged B62L0001080000 by the elements moving radially relative to the wheel B62L0001100000 by the elements moving substantially parallel to the wheel axis B62L0001120000 the elements being mounted on levers pivotable about a common axis B62L0001140000 the elements being mounted on levers pivotable about different axes B62L0001160000 the axes being located intermediate the ends of the levers B62L0003000000 Brake-actuating mechanisms (actuating mechanisms for back-pedalling brakes B62L0005000000;Bowden mechanisms F16C0001100000); Arrangements thereof B62L0003020000 for control by a hand lever (hand levers for control of cycles in general B62K0023060000);; B62L0003040000 for control by a foot lever (foot levers for control of cycles in general B62K0023080000);; B62L0003060000 Means for locking the actuating mechanisms B62L0003080000 Mechanisms specially adapted for braking more than one wheel B62L0005000000 Brakes, or actuating mechanisms therefor, controlled by back-pedalling (free-wheel devices specially adapted for cycles F16D0041000000);; B62L0005020000 the brakes being actuated through coacting coaxial cones B62L0005040000 the brakes being of expanding-brake-bushing type B62L0005060000 the brakes being of disc type B62L0005080000 the brakes being of shoe type B62L0005100000 the brakes being actuated through coacting cams and balls or rollers B62L0005120000 the brakes being of expanding-brake-bushing type B62L0005140000 the brakes being of disc type B62L0005160000 the brakes being of shoe type B62L0005180000 the brakes being additionally controlled by alternative means B62L0005200000 the brakes having adjustable braking power B62M RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES (vehicle transmissions in general B60K;transmission elements per F16) B62M0001000000 Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles B62M0001020000 with rotary cranks, e.g. with pedal cranks (cranks per B62M0003000000;immobilisable as foot-rests B62M0005000000) B62M0001040000 with reciprocating levers, e.g. foot levers (immobilisable as foot-rests B62M0005000000);; B62M0001060000 driving a rotary crankshaft connected to driven axle other than by coupling-rods B62M0001080000 directly driving a ratchet wheel on driven axle B62M0001100000 involving devices which enable the storing and releasing of energy occasionally, e.g. arrangement of flywheels B62M0001120000 operated both by hand and by foot B62M0001140000 exclusively by hand power (hand cranks per B62M0003000000);; B62M0001160000 by means of a to-and-fro movable handle-bar B62M0001180000 by movement of rider's saddle B62M0001200000 with additional rider propulsion means B62M0003000000 Construction of cranks operated by hand or foot B62M0003020000 of adjustable length B62M0003040000 automatically adjusting B62M0003060000 with elliptical or other non-circular rotary movement B62M0003080000 Pedals B62M0003100000 All-metal pedals B62M0003120000 with reflectors B62M0003140000 Hand-grips for hand-operated cranks B62M0003160000 Accessories B62M0005000000 Foot-driven levers as pedal cranks which can be immobilised as foot-rests (immobilising against theft B62H0005100000);; B62M0007000000 Motor-cycles or cycles with auxiliary engines characterised by position of engine (frames characterised by position of engine B62K0011000000;internal-combustion engines per F02B; kick-starter mechanisms or the like F02N) B62M0007020000 with engine between front and rear wheels B62M0007040000 below the frame B62M0007060000 directly under the saddle or seat B62M0007080000 with the engine over the rear wheel B62M0007100000 with the engine over the front wheel B62M0007120000 with the engine beside or within the driven wheel B62M0007140000 with the engine on an auxiliary wheeled unit, e.g. trailer, sidecar (trailers B60P, B62D;sidecars per B62K0027000000) B62M0007160000 with wheel of unit driven by the engine B62M0009000000 Transmissions characterised by use of an endless chain, belt, or the like B62M0009020000 of unchangeable ratio B62M0009040000 of changeable ratio B62M0009060000 using a single chain, belt, or the like B62M0009080000 involving eccentrically-mounted or elliptically-shaped driving or driven wheel; with expansible driving or driven wheel B62M0009100000 involving different-sized wheels selectively engaged by the chain, belt, or the like B62M0009120000 the chain, belt, or the like being laterally shiftable B62M0009140000 the wheels being laterally shiftable B62M0009160000 Tensioning or adjusting equipment for chains, belts, or the like B62M0011000000 Transmissions characterised by use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels (with roller engaging the periphery of ground wheel B62M0013000000);; B62M0011020000 of unchangeable ratio B62M0011040000 of changeable ratio B62M0011060000 with spur gear wheels (B62M0011140000 takes precedence);; B62M0011080000 with a radially-shiftable intermediate gear wheel B62M0011100000 with bevel gear wheels (B62M0011140000 takes precedence);; B62M0011120000 with frictionally-engaging wheels (B62M0011140000 takes precedence);; B62M0011140000 with planetary gears B62M0011160000 built in, or adjacent to, the ground-wheel hub B62M0011180000 with a plurality of planetary gear units B62M0013000000 Transmissions characterised by use of friction roller engaging the periphery of the ground wheel B62M0013020000 with changeable ratio, e.g. with roller of varying diameter B62M0013040000 with means for moving roller into driving contact with ground wheel B62M0015000000 Transmission characterised by use of crankshafts and coupling-rods B62M0017000000 Transmissions characterised by use of rotary shaft, e.g. cardan shaft B62M0019000000 Transmissions characterised by use of non-mechanical gearing, e.g. fluid gearing B62M0021000000 Transmissions characterised by use of resilient elements therein B62M0023000000 Transmissions characterised by use of other elements; Other transmissions B62M0023020000 characterised by the use of two or more dissimilar sources of power, e.g. engine and pedal B62M0025000000 Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles (rider-operated controls for cycles in general B62K0023000000;gearing speed-change mechanisms per F16H) B62M0025020000 with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers B62M0025040000 hand actuated B62M0025060000 foot actuated B62M0025080000 with electrical or fluid transmitting systems B62M0027000000 Propulsion devices for sledges or the like (pushed or pulled by persons or animals B62B, B62C;wind propulsion B62B0015000000) B62M0027020000 power driven B62M0029000000 Ground-engaging propulsion devices for cycles, sledges, or rider-propelled wheeled vehicles, not otherwise provided for B62M0029020000 using ground-engaging rods B63 SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT B63B SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING (air-cushion vehicles B60V);; B63B0001000000 Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils (hulls peculiar to submarines B63B0003130000;keels B63B0003380000; determining hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features B63B0009000000) B63B0001020000 deriving lift mainly from water displacement (B63B0001160000 takes precedence);; B63B0001040000 with single hull B63B0001060000 Shape of fore part B63B0001080000 Shape of aft part B63B0001100000 with multiple hulls B63B0001120000 the hulls being interconnected rigidly B63B0001140000 the hulls being interconnected resiliently B63B0001160000 deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces B63B0001180000 of hydroplane type B63B0001200000 having more than one planing surface (B63B0001220000 takes precedence);; B63B0001220000 with adjustable planing surfaces B63B0001240000 of hydrofoil type B63B0001260000 having more than one hydrofoil (B63B0001280000 takes precedence);; B63B0001280000 with movable hydrofoils B63B0001300000 retracting or folding B63B0001320000 Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls B63B0001340000 by reducing surface friction B63B0001360000 using mechanical means B63B0001380000 using air bubbles or air layers B63B0001400000 by diminishing wave resistance B63B0003000000 Constructions of hulls (non-metallic hulls B63B0005000000;designing, building, maintaining, or repairing methods B63B0009000000) B63B0003020000 Hulls assembled from prefabricated sub-units B63B0003040000 with permanently-connected sub-units B63B0003060000 the sub-units being substantially identical B63B0003080000 with detachably-connected sub-units B63B0003090000 Hulls constructed of non-magnetic metal B63B0003100000 Armoured hulls B63B0003120000 Frameless hulls B63B0003130000 Hulls built to withstand hydrostatic pressure when fully submerged, e.g. submarine hulls B63B0003140000 Hull parts (hull armour B63B0003100000);; B63B0003160000 Shells (ports or closures therefor B63B0019000000);; B63B0003180000 characterised by being formed predominantly of parts that may be developed into plane surfaces B63B0003200000 of double type B63B0003220000 with corrugations B63B0003240000 Means for diminishing external ridges or protrusions B63B0003260000 Frames B63B0003280000 of transverse type; Stringers B63B0003300000 Bilge knees; Beam knees B63B0003320000 Web frames; Web beams B63B0003340000 of longitudinal type; Bulkhead connections B63B0003360000 Combined frame systems B63B0003380000 Keels (movable keels B63B0041000000);; B63B0003400000 Stern posts; Stern frames B63B0003420000 Shaft brackets B63B0003440000 Bilge keels (stabilising aspect B63B0039060000);; B63B0003460000 Stems B63B0003480000 Decks (planking B63B0005060000);; B63B0003500000 of vaulted type B63B0003520000 Pillars; Deck girders B63B0003540000 Hatch openings B63B0003560000 Bulkheads; Bulkhead reinforcements (arrangements of watertight doors B63B0043240000);; B63B0003580000 with flat plating B63B0003600000 with curved or corrugated plating B63B0003620000 Double bottoms; Tank tops B63B0003640000 Keelsons B63B0003660000 Gratings B63B0003680000 Panellings; Linings, e.g. for insulating purposes B63B0003700000 Reinforcements for carrying localised loads, e.g. propulsion plant, guns B63B0005000000 Hulls characterised by their construction of non-metallic material B63B0005020000 made predominantly of wood B63B0005040000 Carcasses B63B0005060000 Decks; Shells B63B0005080000 with single-layer planking B63B0005100000 with multiple-layer planking B63B0005120000 made predominantly of wood with metal reinforcement, i.e. composite construction B63B0005140000 made predominantly of concrete, e.g. reinforced B63B0005160000 monolithic B63B0005180000 built-up from elements B63B0005200000 in combination with elements of other materials B63B0005220000 with reinforcing members external to shell B63B0005240000 made predominantly of plastics B63B0007000000 Collapsible, foldable, inflatable, or like vessels (foldable pontoons B63B0035360000);; B63B0007020000 comprising only rigid parts B63B0007040000 sectionalised B63B0007060000 having parts of non-rigid material B63B0007080000 inflatable B63B0009000000 Methods of designing, building, maintaining, converting, refitting, or repairing of vessels, not otherwise provided for (shuttering for building concrete vessels E04G);; B63B0009020000 Using towing tanks or model basins for designing B63B0009040000 Rebuilding ships, e.g. increasing tonnage B63B0011000000 Interior subdivision of hulls (bulkhead space construction B63B0003560000);; B63B0011020000 Arrangement of bulkheads, e.g. defining cargo spaces B63B0011040000 Constructional features of bunkers or ballast tanks, e.g. with elastic walls (cleaning of tanks B63B0057000000);; B63B0011060000 Propeller-shaft tunnels B63B0013000000 Conduits for emptying or ballasting; Self-bailing equipment; Scuppers (draining means for hatches B63B0019260000;centrifugal bilge-water separators B04; pipes in general F16L) B63B0013020000 Ports for passing water through vessels' sides B63B0015000000 Superstructures; Arrangements or adaptations of masts (loading or unloading equipment B63B0027000000;sails, running rigging B63H; masts and staying in general E04H) B63B0015020000 Staying of masts or of other superstructures B63B0017000000 Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for B63B0017020000 Awnings B63B0017040000 Stanchions; Guard-rails B63B0017060000 Refuse discharge, e.g. for ash (removal of domestic or like refuse B65F);; B63B0019000000 Arrangements or adaptations of ports, doors, windows, port-holes, or other openings or covers (scuppers B63B0013000000;arrangements of watertight doors in bulkheads B63B0043240000) B63B0019020000 Clear-view screens B63B0019040000 Air-catching equipment related to windows or port-holes (ventilation B63J0002000000);; B63B0019060000 readily detachable B63B0019080000 Ports or like openings in vessels' sides B63B0019100000 Coal ports B63B0019120000 Hatches; Hatchways (hatch coamings B63B0003540000);; B63B0019140000 Hatch covers (opening devices in general E05F);; B63B0019160000 with detachable boards B63B0019180000 slidable B63B0019200000 foldable; of roll-up type B63B0019220000 Hatch beams B63B0019240000 Hatch fastenings, e.g. cleats B63B0019260000 Gaskets; Draining means B63B0019280000 Other safety devices B63B0021000000 Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring; Buoys (equipment for shipping in harbours E02B);; B63B0021020000 Magnetic mooring equipment B63B0021040000 Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like B63B0021060000 Bollards (bollards in general E02B);; B63B0021080000 Clamping devices (in general F16B);; B63B0021100000 Fairleads B63B0021120000 Rat guards B63B0021140000 Hawse-holes; Hawse-pipes; Hawse-hole closures B63B0021160000 Using winches (winches per B66D);; B63B0021180000 Stoppers for anchor chains B63B0021200000 Adaptations of chains, or parts thereof (chains, in general F16G);; B63B0021220000 Handling or lashing anchors B63B0021240000 Anchors B63B0021260000 securing to bed B63B0021280000 driven-in by explosive charge B63B0021300000 rigid when in use (B63B0021280000 takes precedence);; B63B0021320000 with one fluke B63B0021340000 with two or more flukes B63B0021360000 foldable B63B0021380000 pivoting when in use (B63B0021280000 takes precedence);; B63B0021400000 with one fluke B63B0021420000 of ploughshare type B63B0021440000 with two or more flukes B63B0021460000 with sliding connection to chain B63B0021480000 Sea-anchors; Drogues B63B0021500000 Anchoring arrangements for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms B63B0021520000 Buoys (adaptations or arrangements for marking navigational routes B63B0051020000);;Anchoring arrangements therefor B63B0021540000 Boat-hooks or the like B63B0021560000 Towing or pushing equipment (tugs B63B0035660000);; B63B0021580000 Adaptations of hooks for towing; Towing-hook mountings (hooks in general F16B);; B63B0021600000 Quick releases B63B0021620000 characterised by moving of more than one vessel (rigid interconnections between pontoons B63B0035380000);; B63B0023000000 Equipment for handling lifeboats or the like B63B0023020000 Davits, i.e. devices having arms for lowering boats by cables or the like B63B0023040000 with arms pivoting on substantially-horizontal axes, e.g. gravity type B63B0023060000 with actual pivots B63B0023080000 the arms being articulated B63B0023100000 with positive drive of the arms B63B0023120000 with simulated pivots B63B0023140000 using linkages B63B0023160000 using guide tracks B63B0023180000 with arms pivoting on substantially-vertical axes B63B0023200000 Davits with single arms (cranes in general B66C);; B63B0023220000 Slings or the like therefor B63B0023240000 Slewing equipment therefor B63B0023260000 with rectilinear translation of boat before lowering B63B0023280000 Devices for projecting or releasing boats for free fall B63B0023300000 Devices for guiding boats to water surface B63B0023320000 Rigid guides, e.g. having arms pivoted near waterline B63B0023340000 Guiding means for lowering by cables, e.g. for listing ships B63B0023360000 Skid fenders B63B0023380000 Transport of boats to davits or the like B63B0023400000 Use of lowering or hoisting gear B63B0023420000 with braking equipment B63B0023440000 on the ship B63B0023460000 in the boat B63B0023480000 Using winches for boat handling (winches per B66D);; B63B0023500000 with tensioning gear B63B0023520000 with control of winches from boat B63B0023540000 with trimming equipment B63B0023560000 controlled from boat B63B0023580000 with tackle-engaging or release gear B63B0023600000 Additional connections between boat and davit B63B0023620000 Fastening or storing of boats on deck B63B0023640000 Lashings; Covers B63B0023660000 Blocks; Chocks B63B0023680000 for stacking boats B63B0025000000 Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby (constructive aspects of cargo-spaces B63B0011000000;hatches, hatchways B63B0019120000; trimming otherwise than by cargo division e.g. by use of ballast, B63B0043060000, B63B0043080000) B63B0025020000 for bulk goods B63B0025040000 solid B63B0025060000 for cereals B63B0025080000 fluid B63B0025100000 open to ambient air B63B0025120000 closed B63B0025140000 pressurised B63B0025160000 heat-insulated (insulating panellings B63B0003680000;heating or cooling B63J) B63B0025180000 Detachable decks B63B0025200000 for motor vehicles or the like B63B0025220000 for palletised articles B63B0025240000 Means for preventing unwanted cargo movement, e.g. dunnage B63B0025260000 for frozen goods B63B0025280000 for deck loads B63B0027000000 Loading or unloading cargo or passengers (self-discharging barges or lighters B63B0035300000;shore-based B65G) B63B0027020000 with intermittent action B63B0027040000 Ships' derricks, i.e. employing ships' masts (derricks in general B66C);; B63B0027060000 with slewing force exerted at pivoted end B63B0027080000 using winches (winches per B66D);; B63B0027100000 using cranes (cranes per B66C);; B63B0027120000 of gantry type B63B0027140000 Ramps, gangways or other outboard ladders (inboard ladders B63B0029200000);; B63B0027160000 using lifts or hoists (elevators per B66B);; B63B0027180000 using cableways, e.g. with breeches-buoys (cableways per B65G);; B63B0027200000 with continuous action B63B0027220000 using endless-band or like conveyers (conveyers per B65G);; B63B0027240000 Loading or unloading fluids B63B0027260000 using devices with throwing action (devices with throwing action per B65G);; B63B0027280000 using chutes (chutes per B65G);; B63B0029000000 Accommodation for crew or passengers not otherwise provided for B63B0029020000 Cabins or other living spaces; Construction or arrangement thereof B63B0029040000 Furniture peculiar to vessels (floatable furniture B63C);; B63B0029060000 Fastening to floors B63B0029080000 Storm guards on tables, e.g. fiddles B63B0029100000 Berths; Mounting ladders therefor B63B0029120000 Self-levelling mountings B63B0029140000 Closet or like flushing arrangements; Washing or bathing facilities peculiar to ships B63B0029160000 Soil-water discharges B63B0029180000 Arrangements or adaptations of swimming pools B63B0029200000 Arrangements or adaptations of ladders (mounting ladders for berths B63B0029100000);; B63B0035000000 Vessels or like floating structures not otherwise provided for (vessels characterised by load-accommodating arrangements B63B0025000000;submarines, mine-layers, or mine-sweepers B63G; buoyant containers B65D0089100000) B63B0035020000 adapted for special purposes B63B0035040000 Cable-laying vessels B63B0035060000 for moving cable-ends from ship to shore B63B0035080000 Ice-breakers B63B0035100000 having forced pitching or rolling equipment B63B0035120000 having ice-cutters B63B0035140000 Fishing vessels (fishing A01K);; B63B0035160000 Trawlers B63B0035180000 adapted to dragging nets aboard B63B0035200000 adapted to hoisting nets aboard B63B0035220000 Whale catchers; Whale factory vessels B63B0035240000 Fish holds B63B0035260000 for live fish B63B0035280000 Barges or lighters B63B0035300000 self-discharging B63B0035320000 for collecting pollution from open water (cleaning surface of open water E02B);; B63B0035340000 Pontoons (pontoon bridges E01D);; B63B0035360000 foldable B63B0035380000 Rigidly-interconnected pontoons B63B0035400000 for transporting marine vessels B63B0035420000 with adjustable draught B63B0035440000 Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices B63B0035500000 Vessels or floating structures for aircraft (aircraft carriers B63G0011000000);; B63B0035520000 Landing-nets; Slipway B63B0035540000 Ferries (propulsion of chain ferries B63H);; B63B0035560000 Lightships (marking of navigational route B63B0051000000);; B63B0035580000 Rafts B63B0035660000 Tugs (towing or pushing equipment B63B0021560000);; B63B0035680000 for towing B63B0035700000 for pushing B63B0035720000 Other pleasure vessels B63B0039000000 Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude B63B0039020000 to decrease vessel movements by using weights B63B0039040000 to decrease vessel movements by using gyroscopes directly B63B0039060000 to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water (constructional aspects of bilge keels B63B0003440000);; B63B0039080000 to decrease vessel movements by using auxiliary jets or propellers B63B0039100000 to decrease vessel movements by by pouring oil on water B63B0039120000 for indicating draught or load B63B0039140000 for indicating inclination or duration of roll B63B0041000000 Drop keels, e.g. centre boards, side boards (keels integral with hull B63B0003380000;stabilising foils B63B0039060000) B63B0043000000 Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for (fire-fighting in ships A62C);; B63B0043020000 reducing risk of capsizing or sinking (by means of watertight doors in bulkheads B63B0043240000);; B63B0043040000 by improving stability B63B0043060000 using ballast tanks B63B0043080000 by transfer of solid ballast B63B0043100000 by improving buoyancy B63B0043120000 using inboard air containers B63B0043140000 using outboard floating members B63B0043160000 Temporary equipment for stopping leaks, e.g. collision mats B63B0043180000 preventing collision; reducing collision damage B63B0043200000 Feelers B63B0043240000 Arrangements of watertight doors in bulkheads B63B0043260000 of sliding type B63B0043280000 with mechanical drive B63B0043300000 with fluid drive B63B0043320000 of non-sliding type B63B0045000000 Arrangement or adaptation of signalling or lighting devices (for vehicles in general B60Q;ships' lanterns F21) B63B0045020000 the devices being intended to illuminate the way ahead or other areas of environments B63B0045040000 the devices being intended to indicate the vessel or parts thereof B63B0045060000 the devices being intended to illuminate vessels' decks or interior B63B0045080000 the devices being acoustic B63B0049000000 Arrangements of nautical instruments or navigational aids (nautical measuring instruments G01C;simulators for determining ship's trim, stability, bending moment G09) B63B0051000000 Marking of navigation route B63B0051020000 with buoys (buoys per B63B0021520000);;with anchored lightships; by use of lighthouses B63B0051040000 with free-floating flares B63B0057000000 Tank cleaning specially adapted for vessels (tank cleaning in general B08B0009080000);; B63B0057020000 by washing B63B0057040000 by ventilating B63B0059000000 Hull protection peculiar to vessels; Cleaning devices peculiar to vessels and integral therewith (cleaning of vessels in general B60S;other cleaning of vessels B08B) B63B0059020000 Fenders; Rubbing-strakes (shore-borne fenders E02B);; B63C LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS B63C0001000000 Dry-docking of vessels or flying-boats (storing of vessels on land otherwise than by dry-docking B63C0015000000;mooring of vessels B63B0021000000; hydraulic-engineering aspects E02B) B63C0001020000 Floating decks (ship transporters with adjustable draught B63B0035420000);; B63C0001040000 self-docking B63C0001060000 Arrangements of pumping or filling equipment for raising or lowering docks B63C0001080000 Graving docks B63C0001100000 Centring devices B63C0001120000 Docks adapted for special vessels, e.g. submarines B63C0003000000 Launching or hauling-out by landborne slipways; Slipways (ship-borne guides for handling lifeboats or the like B63B0023300000;cranes, winches, or the like B66; ship-lifting for adapting to different water levels E02C) B63C0003020000 by longitudinal movement of vessel B63C0003040000 by sideways movement of vessel B63C0003060000 by vertical movement of vessel B63C0003080000 Tracks on slipways B63C0003100000 using releasing devices B63C0003120000 using cradles (vehicles in general for transporting boats or the like B60P);; B63C0003140000 using braking means B63C0005000000 Equipment usable both on slipways and in dry docks B63C0005020000 Stagings; Scaffolding; Shores or struts B63C0005040000 Bilge or keel blocks B63C0007000000 Salvaging of disabled, stranded, or sunken vessels; Salvaging of vessel parts or furnishings, e.g. of safes; Salvaging of other underwater objects B63C0007020000 in which the lifting is done by hauling B63C0007040000 using pontoons or the like B63C0007060000 in which lifting action is generated in, or adjacent to, vessels or objects B63C0007080000 using rigid floats B63C0007100000 using inflatable floats external to vessels or objects B63C0007120000 by bringing air or floating bodies or material into vessels or objects B63C0007140000 using freezing for closing holes or for strengthening the vessel or the like B63C0007160000 Apparatus engaging vessels or objects B63C0007180000 using nets B63C0007200000 using grabs B63C0007220000 using electromagnets or suction devices B63C0007240000 Apparatus for passing chains or the like under vessels or objects B63C0007260000 Means for indicating the location of underwater objects, e.g. sunken vessels (means for searching for underwater objects B63C0011480000);; B63C0007280000 Refloating stranded vessels B63C0007300000 Floatable safes B63C0009000000 Life-saving in water (life-saving in general A62B;rescue equipment specially adapted for submarine personnel B63G0008400000) B63C0009020000 Boats, rafts, or the like, specially adapted for life-saving (floatable furniture B63C0009300000;constructional features, ship-borne handling equipment B63B) B63C0009040000 Rafts B63C0009060000 Floatable closed containers allowing one or more persons to stay inside B63C0009080000 Life-buoys, e.g. rings; Life-belts, jackets, suits, or the like (swimming aids A63B);; B63C0009100000 using solid buoyant material B63C0009120000 having gas-filled compartments B63C0009140000 filling by deployment B63C0009160000 inflatable B63C0009180000 characterised by gas-generating device B63C0009200000 characterised by signalling means, e.g. lights, reflectors B63C0009220000 Devices for holding or launching life-buoys, inflatable life-rafts, or other floatable life-saving equipment (equipment for handling life-boats or the like B63B0023000000);; B63C0009240000 Arrangements of inflating valves or of controls thereof (connecting inflating valves to elastic bodies B60C);; B63C0009260000 Cast or life lines; Attachments thereto; Containers therefor (adaptations of aerial cableways to shipboard use B63B0027180000;guns or projectiles for line-throwing F41F, F42B0013560000, F42B0015060000) B63C0009280000 Adaptations of vessel parts or furnishings to life-saving purposes B63C0009300000 Floatable furniture B63C0009320000 Equipment adapted to use on ice B63C0011000000 Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects (swim-fins A63B0031080000);; B63C0011020000 Divers' equipment B63C0011040000 Resilient suits B63C0011060000 with rigid helmet B63C0011080000 Control of air pressure within suit, e.g. for controlling buoyancy B63C0011100000 Rigid suits B63C0011120000 Diving masks (swimming helmets, swimming goggles A63B0033000000);; B63C0011140000 with forced air supply B63C0011160000 with air supply by suction from diver, e.g. schnorkels B63C0011180000 Air supply (for diving masks B63C0011140000, B63C0011160000);; B63C0011200000 from water surface B63C0011220000 carried by diver B63C0011240000 in closed circulation B63C0011260000 Communication means B63C0011280000 Heating B63C0011300000 Ballast B63C0011320000 Decompression arrangements; Exercise equipment B63C0011340000 Movable diving chambers (manipulators B25J;caissons adapted to laying foundations E02D) B63C0011360000 of closed type B63C0011380000 with entrance above water surface B63C0011400000 adapted to specific work B63C0011420000 with independent propulsion or directional control B63C0011440000 of open type, e.g. diving-bells B63C0011460000 Divers' sleds or like craft, i.e. craft on which man in diving-suit rides B63C0011480000 Means for searching for underwater objects (means for indicating the location of sunken vessels B63C0007260000;echo-sounding apparatus G01S) B63C0011500000 using grapnels B63C0013000000 Equipment forming part of, or attachable to, vessels, facilitating transport over land (harnesses attachable to vessels for personal carrying A45F;amphibious craft, land vehicles convertible for use on water B60F; land vehicles for carrying boats B60P) B63C0015000000 Storing of vessels on land otherwise than by dry-docking B63G OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS (means of attack or defence in general F41H);; B63G0001000000 Arrangements of guns or missile launchers; Vessels characterised thereby (submarines B63G0008000000;guns, missile launchers F41) B63G0003000000 Arrangements of ammunition stores or handlers (specially for submarines B63G0008000000);;Vessels characterised thereby (general cargo aspects B63B);; B63G0003020000 for torpedoes B63G0003040000 for missiles B63G0003060000 for mines or depth charges B63G0005000000 Vessels characterised by adaptation to torpedo-launching (submarines B63G0008000000;torpedo-launching per F41F) B63G0006000000 Laying of mines or depth charges; Vessels characterised thereby B63G0007000000 Mine-sweeping; Vessels characterised thereby B63G0007020000 Mine-sweeping means; Means for destroying mines B63G0007040000 by means of cables B63G0007060000 of electromagnetic type B63G0007080000 of acoustic type B63G0008000000 Submarines (submarine hulls B63B0003130000;torpedoes F42B0019000000) B63G0008040000 Superstructure B63G0008060000 Conning-towers B63G0008080000 Propulsion (nuclear propulsion B63H0021180000;submerged exhausting apparatus F01N0007120000) B63G0008100000 using steam plant B63G0008120000 using internal-combustion engines B63G0008140000 Control of attitude or depth (of torpedoes F42B0019000000);; B63G0008160000 by direct use of propellers or jets B63G0008180000 by hydroplanes B63G0008200000 Steering equipment (B63G0008160000 takes precedence);; B63G0008220000 Adjustment of buoyancy by water ballasting; Emptying equipment for ballast tanks B63G0008240000 Automatic depth adjustment; Safety equipment for increasing buoyancy, e.g. detachable ballast, floating bodies B63G0008260000 Trimming equipment B63G0008280000 Arrangement of offensive or defensive equipment B63G0008300000 of artillery or missile-launching means B63G0008320000 of torpedo-launching means (torpedo-launching means per F41F);;of torpedo storage B63G0008340000 Camouflage B63G0008360000 Adaptations of ventilation, cooling, heating, or air-conditioning (reconditioning air in sealed chambers A62B0011000000;air-conditioning in general F24F) B63G0008380000 Arrangement of visual or electronic watch equipment, e.g. of periscopes, of radar B63G0008390000 Arrangements of sonic watch equipment, e.g. low-frequency, sonar B63G0008400000 Rescue equipment for personnel (life-saving in water, not specially adapted for submarine personnel B63C);; B63G0009000000 Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels against submarines, torpedoes, or mines B63G0009020000 Means for protecting vessels against torpedo attack (armoured hulls B63B0003100000);; B63G0009040000 Nets or the like (net barriers for harbour defence F41H0011000000);; B63G0009060000 for degaussing vessels (demagnetising in general H01F0013000000);; B63G0011000000 Aircraft carriers (other vessels or floating structures for aircraft B63B0035500000;launching or arresting gear for aircraft B64F) B63G0013000000 Other offensive or defensive arrangements on vessels; Vessels characterised thereby B63H MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING (peculiar to submarines, other than nuclear propulsion, B63G;peculiar to torpedoes F42B) B63H0001000000 Propulsive elements directly acting on water (jet propulsion B63H0011000000);; B63H0001020000 of rotary type (endless-track type B63H0001340000);; B63H0001040000 with rotation axis substantially at right angles to propulsive direction B63H0001060000 with adjustable vanes or blades B63H0001080000 with cyclic adjustment B63H0001100000 of Voith-Schneider type, i.e. with blades extending axially from a disc-shaped rotary body B63H0001120000 with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction B63H0001140000 Propellers (pitch changing B63H0003000000);; B63H0001160000 having a shrouding ring attached to blades B63H0001180000 with means for diminishing cavitation, e.g. supercavitation B63H0001200000 Hubs; Blade connections B63H0001220000 the blades being foldable B63H0001240000 automatically foldable or unfoldable B63H0001260000 Blades B63H0001280000 Other means for improving propeller efficiency (water-guiding elements formed by shape of hull B63H0005000000);; B63H0001300000 of non-rotary type B63H0001320000 Flaps, pistons, or the like, reciprocating in propulsive direction B63H0001340000 of endless-track type B63H0001360000 swinging sideways, e.g. fishtail type B63H0001380000 characterised solely by flotation properties, e.g. drums B63H0003000000 Propeller-blade pitch changing B63H0003020000 actuated by control element coaxial with propeller shaft, e.g. the control element being rotary B63H0003040000 the control element being reciprocatable B63H0003060000 characterised by use of non-mechanical actuating means, e.g. electrical B63H0003080000 fluid B63H0003100000 characterised by having pitch control conjoint with propulsion-plant control B63H0003120000 characterised by being adjustable only when propeller is stationary B63H0005000000 Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water B63H0005020000 of paddle wheels, e.g. of stern wheels B63H0005040000 with stationary water-guiding elements B63H0005060000 of propellers B63H0005080000 of more than one propeller B63H0005100000 of coaxial type, e.g. of counter-rotative type B63H0005120000 adjustable in position or direction e.g. in combination with gearing elements peculiar thereto (for steering purposes B63H0025420000);; B63H0005140000 characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purposes (shrouding ring attached to blades B63H0001160000;jet propulsion B63H0011000000) B63H0005160000 characterised by being mounted in recesses; with stationary water-guiding elements; Propeller guards B63H0005180000 of emergency propellers, e.g. arranged at the side of the vessel B63H0007000000 Arrangements of propulsive devices directly acting on air (jet propulsion B63H0011000000);; B63H0007020000 using propellers (air-screws of aircraft type B64C);; B63H0009000000 Propulsive devices directly acted on by wind; Arrangements thereof (air-driven propellers driving underwater propulsive elements B63H0013000000);; B63H0009020000 using Magnus effect B63H0009040000 using sails or like wind-catching surfaces B63H0009060000 Construction or types of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels B63H0009080000 Connections of sails to masts, spars, or the like B63H0009100000 Spars; Running rigging, e.g. reefing equipment (staying of masts B63B0015020000);; B63H0011000000 Effecting propulsion by jets, i.e. reaction principle (steering by jet action B63H0025460000;power plant per, see the relevant classes); B63H0011020000 the propulsive medium being ambient water B63H0011040000 by means of pumps B63H0011060000 of reciprocating type B63H0011080000 of rotary type B63H0011100000 having means for deflecting jet or influencing cross-section thereof B63H0011120000 the propulsive medium being steam or other gas B63H0011140000 the gas being produced by combustion B63H0011160000 the gas being produced by other chemical processes B63H0013000000 Effecting propulsion by wind motors driving water-engaging propulsive elements B63H0015000000 Effecting propulsion by use of vessel-mounted driving mechanisms co-operating with anchored chains or the like B63H0016000000 Effecting propulsion by muscle power (swimming frameworks with swimmer-operated driving mechanisms, land-based training equipment for rowing or sculling A63B0069060000);; B63H0016020000 Movable thwarts; Foot-rests B63H0016040000 Oars; Sculls; Paddles; Poles B63H0016060000 Rowlocks; Mountings therefor B63H0016080000 Other apparatus for converting muscle power into propulsive effort (general features of propulsion elements, see the relevant groups);; B63H0016100000 for bow-facing rowing B63H0016120000 using hand levers, cranks, pedals, or the like, e.g. water cycles, boats propelled by boat-mounted pedal cycles B63H0016140000 for propelled drive B63H0019000000 Effecting propulsion of vessels, not otherwise provided for B63H0019020000 by using energy derived from movement of ambient water, e.g. from rolling or pitching of vessels B63H0019040000 propelled by water current B63H0019060000 by discharging gas into ambient water (with jet action B63H0011120000;for reducing surface friction B63B0001380000) B63H0019080000 by direct engagement with water-bed or ground B63H0021000000 Use of propulsion power plant or units on vessels (hull reinforcements for carrying propulsion power plant or units B63B0003700000;propulsion power plant or units per, see the relevant classes); B63H0021020000 the vessels being steam-driven (B63H0021180000 takes precedence);; B63H0021040000 relating to positive-displacement steam engines B63H0021060000 relating to steam turbines B63H0021080000 relating to steam boilers B63H0021100000 relating to condensers or engine-cooling fluid heat-exchangers B63H0021120000 the vessels being motor-driven B63H0021140000 relating to internal-combustion engines (of outboard type B63H0021260000);; B63H0021160000 relating to gas turbines B63H0021180000 the vessels being powered by nuclear energy B63H0021200000 the vessels being powered by combinations of different types of propulsion unit B63H0021220000 the propulsion power units being controlled from exterior of engine room, e.g. from navigation bridge; Arrangements of order telegraphs (order telegraphs per G08B0009000000);; B63H0021240000 the vessels being small craft, e.g. racing boats B63H0021260000 of outboard type; Outboard propulsion power units movably installed for steering, reversing, tilting, or the like B63H0021280000 Arrangements of transmission between propulsion power unit and propulsive element B63H0021300000 Mounting of propulsion plant or unit, e.g. for anti-vibration purposes (hull reinforcements therefor B63B0003700000;vibration-dampers, suppression of vibration in systems F16F; engine beds per F16M) B63H0021320000 Arrangements of propulsion power-unit exhaust uptakes; Funnels peculiar to vessels (engine exhausts in general F01N;flue devices for furnaces in general F23J) B63H0021340000 having exhaust-gas deflecting means B63H0023000000 Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements (changing pitch of propellers B63H0003000000;adaptation of transmission to allow adjustment in location or direction of propellers B63H0005120000; transmission between wind motors and propulsive elements B63H0013000000; for outboard propulsion power units B63H0021260000; driving auxiliary machinery B63J; transmission elements per F16) B63H0023020000 with mechanical gearing B63H0023040000 the main transmitting element, e.g. shaft, being substantially vertical B63H0023060000 for transmitting drive from a single propulsion power unit B63H0023080000 with provision for reversing drive B63H0023100000 for transmitting drive from more than one propulsion power unit (for synchronisation of propulsive elements B63H0023280000);; B63H0023120000 allowing combined use of the propulsion power units B63H0023140000 with unidirectional drive or where reversal is immaterial B63H0023160000 characterised by provision of reverse drive B63H0023180000 for alternative use of the propulsion power units B63H0023200000 with separate forward and astern propulsion power units, e.g. turbines B63H0023220000 with non-mechanical gearing B63H0023240000 electric B63H0023260000 fluid B63H0023280000 with synchronisation of propulsive elements B63H0023300000 characterised by use of clutches B63H0023320000 Other parts B63H0023340000 Propeller shafts; Paddle-wheel shafts (shafts in general F16C);; B63H0023360000 Shaft tubes (propeller-shaft tunnels B63B0011060000;shaft-tube seals per F16J) B63H0025000000 Steering; Slowing-down otherwise than by use of propulsive elements (using adjustably-mounted propeller ducts or rings for steering B63H0005140000;movably-installed outboard motors B63H0021260000) B63H0025020000 Initiating means for steering B63H0025040000 automatic, e.g. reacting to compass B63H0025060000 Steering by rudders (by rudders carrying propellers B63H0025420000);; B63H0025080000 Steering gear B63H0025100000 with mechanical transmission B63H0025120000 with fluid transmission B63H0025140000 power assisted; power driven, i.e. using steering engine B63H0025160000 with alternative muscle or power-operated steering B63H0025180000 Transmitting of movement of initiating means to steering engine B63H0025200000 by mechanical means B63H0025220000 by fluid means B63H0025240000 by electrical means B63H0025260000 Steering engines (power units per, see the relevant classes);; B63H0025280000 of fluid type B63H0025300000 hydraulic B63H0025320000 steam B63H0025340000 Transmitting of movement of engine to rudder, e.g. using quadrants, brakes B63H0025360000 Rudder-position indicators B63H0025380000 Rudders (stern posts B63B0003400000);; B63H0025400000 utilising Magnus effect B63H0025420000 Steering by propulsive elements (with propulsion jets B63H0025460000);;Steering by propellers used for steering only; Steering by rudders carrying propellers B63H0025440000 Steering or slowing-down by extensible flaps or the like B63H0025460000 Steering by jets B63H0025480000 Steering or slowing-down by deflection of propeller slip-stream otherwise than by rudder B63H0025500000 Slowing-down means not otherwise provided for B63H0025520000 Parts for steering not otherwise provided for B63J AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS B63J0001000000 Arrangements of installations for producing fresh water, e.g. by evaporation and condensation of sea water B63J0002000000 Arrangements of ventilation, heating, cooling, or air-conditioning (for vehicles in general B60H;ventilating for cleaning tanks B63B0057040000; for submarines B63G0008000000) B63J0002020000 Ventilation; Air-conditioning B63J0002040000 of living spaces B63J0002060000 of engine rooms B63J0002080000 of holds (heating or cooling of liquid-freight-carrying tanks B63J0002140000);; B63J0002100000 Ventilating-shafts; Air-scoops (for port-holes B63B0019040000);; B63J0002120000 Heating; Cooling B63J0002140000 of liquid-freight-carrying tanks B63J0003000000 Driving of auxiliaries (transmission elements per F16);; B63J0003020000 from propulsion power plant B63J0003040000 from power plant other than propulsion power plant B63J0005000000 Vessel auxiliaries, not otherwise provided for B64 AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS B64B LIGHTER-THAN-AIR AIRCRAFT B64B0001000000 Lighter-than-air aircraft B64B0001020000 Non-rigid airships (B64B0001580000 takes precedence;balloons B64B0001400000) B64B0001040000 the profile being maintained by ties or cords connecting opposite surfaces B64B0001060000 Rigid airships; Semi-rigid airships (B64B0001580000 takes precedence);; B64B0001080000 Framework construction B64B0001100000 Tail unit construction (B64B0001120000 takes precedence);; B64B0001120000 Movable control surfaces B64B0001140000 Outer covering B64B0001160000 rigid B64B0001180000 Attachment to structure B64B0001200000 provided with wings or stabilising surfaces B64B0001220000 Arrangement of cabins or gondolas B64B0001240000 Arrangement of propulsion plant (B64B0001340000 takes precedence);; B64B0001260000 housed in ducts B64B0001280000 housed in nacelles B64B0001300000 Arrangement of propellers B64B0001320000 surrounding hull B64B0001340000 of lifting propellers B64B0001360000 Arrangement of jet reaction apparatus for propulsion or directional control B64B0001380000 Controlling position of centre of gravity B64B0001400000 Balloons (B64B0001580000 takes precedence;toy balloons A63H0027100000) B64B0001420000 Construction or attachment of stabilising surfaces B64B0001440000 adapted to maintain predetermined altitude B64B0001460000 associated with apparatus to cause bursting B64B0001480000 to enable load to be dropped by parachute B64B0001500000 Captive balloons B64B0001520000 attaching trailing entanglements B64B0001540000 connecting two or more balloons in superimposed relationship B64B0001560000 stabilised by rotary motion B64B0001580000 Arrangements or construction of gas-bags; Filling arrangements B64B0001600000 Gas-bags surrounded by separate containers of inert gas B64B0001620000 Controlling gas pressure, heating, cooling, or discharging gas B64B0001640000 Gas-valve operating mechanisms B64B0001660000 Mooring attachments (mooring masts B64F);; B64B0001680000 Water flotation gear B64B0001700000 Ballasting arrangements B64C AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS (air-cushion vehicles B60V);; B64C0001000000 Fuselages; Constructional features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces, and the like (aerodynamical features common to fuselages, wings, stabilising surfaces, and the like B64C0023000000;flight-deck installations B64D) B64C0001020000 Multiple fuselages; Tail booms B64C0001040000 constructed as flying-boat hulls B64C0001060000 Frames; Stringers; Longerons B64C0001080000 Geodetic or other open-frame structures B64C0001100000 Bulkheads B64C0001120000 Construction or attachment of skin panels B64C0001140000 Windows; Doors; Hatch covers or access panels; Surrounding frame structures; Canopies; Windscreens (fairings movable in conjunction with undercarriage elements B64C0025160000;bomb doors B64D0001060000) B64C0001160000 specially adapted for mounting power plant B64C0001180000 Floors B64C0001200000 specially adapted for freight B64C0001220000 Other structures integral with fuselages to facilitate loading B64C0001240000 Steps mounted on, and retractable within, fuselages (readily removable B64D0009000000);; B64C0001260000 Attaching the wing or tail units or stabilising surfaces B64C0001280000 Parts of fuselage relatively movable to improve pilots view B64C0001300000 Parts of fuselage relatively movable to reduce overall size for storage B64C0001320000 Severable or jettisonable parts of fuselage facilitating emergency escape (ejector seats B64D0025100000);; B64C0001340000 comprising inflatable structural components B64C0001360000 adapted to receive aerials or radomes (aerials or radomes per H01Q);; B64C0001380000 Constructions adapted to reduce effects of aerodynamic or other external heating B64C0001400000 Sound or heat insulation B64C0003000000 Wings (ornithopter wings B64C0033020000);; B64C0003020000 of allowing aircraft B64C0003040000 of supersonic aircraft B64C0003060000 Multiplane wings B64C0003080000 Tandem plane wings B64C0003100000 Shape of wings B64C0003120000 Disc or ring shape B64C0003140000 Aerofoil profile B64C0003160000 Frontal aspect B64C0003180000 Spars; Ribs; Stringers (attaching wing unit to fuselage B64C0001260000);; B64C0003200000 Integral or sandwich constructions B64C0003220000 Geodetic or other open-frame structures B64C0003240000 Moulded or cast structures B64C0003260000 Construction, shape, or attachment of separate skins, e.g. panels B64C0003280000 Leading or trailing edges attached to primary structures, e.g. forming fixed slots B64C0003300000 comprising inflatable structural components B64C0003320000 specially adapted for mounting power plant B64C0003340000 Integrally-constructed tanks, e.g. for fuel (other aircraft fuel tanks or fuel systems B64D);; B64C0003360000 Structures adapted to reduce effects of aerodynamic or other external heating B64C0003380000 Adjustment of complete wings or parts thereof (adjustable stabilizing surfaces B64C0005000000);; B64C0003400000 Varying angle of sweep B64C0003420000 Adjusting about chordwise axes B64C0003440000 Varying camber B64C0003460000 by inflatable elements B64C0003480000 by relatively-movable parts of wing structures B64C0003500000 by leading or trailing edge flaps (ailerons B64C0009000000);; B64C0003520000 Warping B64C0003540000 Varying in area (flaps extendable to increase camber B64C0003440000);; B64C0003560000 Folding or collapsing to reduce overall dimensions of aircraft B64C0003580000 provided with fences or spoilers (adjustable for control purposes B64C0009000000);; B64C0005000000 Stabilising surfaces B64C0005020000 Tailplanes (fins B64C0005060000);; B64C0005040000 Noseplanes B64C0005060000 Fins (specially for wings B64C0005080000);; B64C0005080000 mounted on, or supported by, wings B64C0005100000 adjustable B64C0005120000 for retraction against or within fuselage or nacelle B64C0005140000 Varying angle of sweep B64C0005160000 about spanwise axes B64C0005180000 in area (attaching stabilising surfaces to fuselage B64C0001260000);; B64C0007000000 Structures or fairings not otherwise provided for B64C0007020000 Nacelles B64C0009000000 Adjustable control surfaces or members, e.g. rudders (trimming stabilising surfaces B64C0005100000);; B64C0009020000 Mounting or supporting thereof B64C0009040000 with compound dependent movements B64C0009060000 with two or more independent movements B64C0009080000 bodily displaceable (varying camber of wings B64C0003440000);; B64C0009100000 one surface adjusted by movement of another, e.g. servo tabs (B64C0009040000 takes precedence;adjusting surfaces of different type or function B64C0009120000) B64C0009120000 surfaces of different type or function being simultaneously adjusted B64C0009140000 forming slots (boundary-layer control B64C0021000000);; B64C0009160000 at the rear of the wing B64C0009180000 by single flaps B64C0009200000 by multiple flaps B64C0009220000 at the front of the wing B64C0009240000 by single flap B64C0009260000 by multiple flaps B64C0009280000 by flaps at both the front and rear of the wing operating in unison B64C0009300000 Balancing hinged surfaces, e.g. dynamically B64C0009320000 Air braking surfaces (braking by parachutes B64D0017800000);; B64C0009340000 collapsing or retracting against or within other surfaces or other members B64C0009360000 the members being fuselages or nacelles B64C0009380000 Jet flaps B64C0011000000 Propellers, e.g. of ducted type; Features common to propellers and rotors for rotorcraft (rotors specially adapted for rotorcraft B64C0027320000);; B64C0011020000 Hub construction B64C0011040000 Blade mountings B64C0011060000 for variable-pitch blades B64C0011080000 for non-adjustable blades B64C0011100000 rigid B64C0011120000 flexible B64C0011140000 Spinners B64C0011160000 Blades B64C0011180000 Aerodynamic features B64C0011200000 Constructional features B64C0011220000 Solid blades B64C0011240000 Hollow blades B64C0011260000 Fabricated blades B64C0011280000 Collapsible or foldable blades B64C0011300000 Blade pitch-changing mechanisms B64C0011320000 mechanical B64C0011340000 automatic B64C0011360000 non-automatic B64C0011380000 fluid, e.g. hydraulic B64C0011400000 automatic B64C0011420000 non-automatic B64C0011440000 electric B64C0011460000 Arrangements of, or constructional features peculiar to, multiple propellers B64C0011480000 Units of two or more coaxial propellers B64C0011500000 Phase synchronisation between multiple propellers B64C0013000000 Control systems or transmitting systems for actuating flying-control surfaces, lift-increasing flaps, air brakes, or spoilers B64C0013020000 Initiating means B64C0013040000 actuated personally B64C0013060000 adjustable to suit individual persons B64C0013080000 Trimming zero positions B64C0013100000 comprising warning devices B64C0013120000 Dual control apparatus B64C0013140000 lockable (locking in position to suit individual persons B64C0013060000);; B64C0013160000 actuated automatically, e.g. responsive to gust detectors B64C0013180000 using automatic pilot B64C0013200000 using radiated signals B64C0013220000 readily revertible to personal control B64C0013240000 Transmitting means B64C0013260000 without power amplification or where power amplification is irrelevant B64C0013280000 mechanical B64C0013300000 using cable, chain, or rod mechanisms B64C0013320000 using cam mechanisms B64C0013340000 using toothed gearing B64C0013360000 fluid B64C0013380000 with power amplification B64C0013400000 using fluid pressure B64C0013420000 having duplication or stand-by provisions B64C0013440000 overriding of personal controls; with automatic return to inoperative position B64C0013460000 with artificial feel B64C0013480000 characterised by the fluid being gaseous B64C0013500000 using electrical energy B64C0015000000 Attitude, flight direction, or altitude control by jet reaction B64C0015020000 the jets being propulsion jets B64C0015040000 the jet-stream being deflected B64C0015060000 by means of movable elements, e.g. flaps B64C0015080000 the elements being adjustable nozzles B64C0015100000 by means of additional jets B64C0015120000 the power plant being tiltable B64C0015140000 the jets being other than main propulsion jets (jet flaps B64C0009380000);; B64C0017000000 Aircraft stabilisation not otherwise provided for B64C0017020000 by gravity or inertia-actuated apparatus B64C0017040000 by pendular bodies B64C0017060000 by gyroscopic apparatus (automatic-pilot control B64C0013180000);; B64C0017080000 by ballast supply or discharge (for lighter-than-air aircraft B64B);; B64C0017100000 Transferring fuel to adjust trim B64C0019000000 Aircraft control not otherwise provided for B64C0019020000 Conjoint controls B64C0021000000 Influencing air-flow over aircraft surfaces by affecting boundary-layer flow (boundary-layer control in general F15D);; B64C0021020000 by use of slot, ducts, porous areas, or the like B64C0021040000 for blowing (B64C0021080000 takes precedence);; B64C0021060000 for sucking (B64C0021080000 takes precedence);; B64C0021080000 adjustable B64C0021100000 using other surface properties, e.g. roughness B64C0023000000 Influencing air-flow over aircraft surfaces, not otherwise provided for B64C0023020000 by means of rotating members of cylindrical or similar form B64C0023040000 by generating shock waves B64C0023060000 by generating vortices B64C0023080000 using Magnus effect B64C0025000000 Alighting gear (air-cushion alighting gear B60V0003080000);; B64C0025020000 Undercarriages B64C0025040000 Arrangement or disposition on aircraft B64C0025060000 fixed B64C0025080000 non-fixed, e.g. jettisonable B64C0025100000 retractable, foldable, or the like B64C0025120000 sideways B64C0025140000 fore-and-aft B64C0025160000 Fairings movable in conjunction with undercarriage elements B64C0025180000 Operating mechanisms B64C0025200000 mechanical B64C0025220000 fluid B64C0025240000 electric B64C0025260000 Control or locking systems therefor B64C0025280000 with indicating or warning devices B64C0025300000 emergency actuated B64C0025320000 characterised by the ground or like engaging elements (arrester hooks B64C0025680000);; B64C0025340000 wheeled type, e.g. multi-wheeled bogies B64C0025360000 Arrangements or adaptations of wheels, tyres, or axles in general (construction of wheels or axles B60B;construction of tyres in general B60C) B64C0025380000 Endless-track type B64C0025400000 the elements being rotated before touch-down B64C0025420000 Arrangements or adaptations of brakes B64C0025440000 Actuating mechanisms B64C0025460000 Brake regulators for preventing skidding or aircraft somersaulting B64C0025480000 differentially operated for steering purposes B64C0025500000 Steerable undercarriages; Shimmy-damping (steering devices applicable to land vehicles B62D);; B64C0025520000 Skis or runners B64C0025540000 Floats B64C0025560000 inflatable B64C0025580000 Arrangements or adaptations of shock-absorbers or springs (shimmy-dampers B64C0025500000;vehicle suspension arrangements in general B60G; shock-absorbers per F16F) B64C0025600000 Oleo legs B64C0025620000 Spring shock-absorbers; Springs B64C0025640000 using rubber or like elements B64C0025660000 Convertible alighting gear; Combinations of different kinds of ground or like engaging elements B64C0025680000 Arrester hooks (arresting gear, e.g. on aircraft carriers B64F);; B64C0027000000 Rotorcraft; Rotors peculiar thereto (alighting gear B64C0025000000);; B64C0027020000 Gyroplanes B64C0027040000 Helicopters B64C0027060000 with single rotor B64C0027080000 with two or more rotors B64C0027100000 arranged coaxially B64C0027120000 Rotor drives B64C0027140000 Direct drive between power plant and rotor hub B64C0027160000 Drive of rotors by means, e.g. propellers, mounted on rotor blades B64C0027180000 the means being jet-reaction apparatus B64C0027200000 Rotorcraft characterised by having shrouded rotors, e.g. flying platforms B64C0027220000 Compound rotorcraft, i.e. aircraft using in flight the features of both aeroplane and rotorcraft B64C0027240000 with rotor blades fixed in flight to act as lifting surfaces B64C0027260000 characterised by provision of fixed wings B64C0027280000 with forward-propulsion propellers pivotable to act as lifting rotors B64C0027300000 with provision for reducing drag of inoperative rotor B64C0027320000 Rotors (features common to rotors and propellers B64C0011000000);; B64C0027340000 rigid B64C0027360000 of see-saw type B64C0027380000 having provision for flapping or lag-lead movements of blades B64C0027400000 characterised by flapping movements (B64C0027440000 takes precedence);; B64C0027420000 characterised by lag-lead movements (B64C0027440000 takes precedence);; B64C0027440000 producing simultaneous change of pitch B64C0027460000 Blades B64C0027480000 Root attachment to rotor head B64C0027500000 Blades foldable to facilitate stowage of aircraft B64C0027520000 Tilting of rotor bodily relative to fuselage (of see-saw type construction B64C0027360000);; B64C0027540000 Mechanisms for controlling blade adjustment or movement relative to rotor head, e.g. lag-lead movement B64C0027560000 Initiating means, e.g. actuated personally B64C0027580000 Transmitting means B64C0027600000 without power amplification B64C0027620000 with power amplification B64C0027640000 using fluid pressure B64C0027660000 under automatic control B64C0027680000 using electrical energy B64C0027700000 under automatic control B64C0027720000 Means acting on blades B64C0027740000 for adjusting cyclic pitch B64C0027760000 for adjusting collective pitch B64C0027780000 in association with pitch adjustment of blades of anti-torque rotor B64C0027800000 for differential adjustment of blade pitch between two or more lifting rotors B64C0027820000 characterised by the provision of an auxiliary rotor or fluid-jet device for counter-balancing lifting-rotor torque or changing direction of rotorcraft B64C0029000000 Aircraft capable of landing or taking-off vertically (attitude, flight direction, or altitude control by jet reaction B64C0015000000;rotorcraft B64C0027000000; air-cushion vehicles B60V) B64C0029020000 having its flight directional axis vertical when grounded B64C0029040000 characterised by jet-reaction propulsion B64C0031000000 Non-power-driven aircraft B64C0031020000 Gliders; Sailplanes B64C0031040000 Man-power aircraft (ornithopters B64C0033000000);; B64C0031060000 Kites (toy aspects A63H0027080000;towed targets F41J) B64C0033000000 Ornithopters B64C0033020000 Wings; Actuating mechanisms therefor B64C0035000000 Flying-boats; Seaplanes (fuselages constructed as flying-boat hulls B64C0001040000;other alighting-gear aspects B64C0025000000) B64C0037000000 Convertible aircraft (vehicles capable of travelling in or on different media B60F);; B64C0037020000 Flying units formed by separate aircraft (towing, air-refuelling, or aircraft-carrying aircraft B64D);; B64C0039000000 Other aircraft B64C0039020000 characterised by special use B64D EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENTS OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS B64D0001000000 Dropping, releasing, or receiving articles, liquids, etc., in flight (with respect to sighting devices F41G takes precedence;parachutes per B64D0017000000; refuelling during flight B64D0039000000) B64D0001020000 Dropping or releasing articles (jettisonable fuel reservoirs B64D0037120000);; B64D0001040000 the articles being explosive, e.g. bombs B64D0001060000 Bomb releasing; Bomb doors B64D0001080000 the articles being load-carrying devices B64D0001100000 Stowage arrangements for the devices in aircraft B64D0001120000 Releasing B64D0001140000 Absorbing landing shocks B64D0001160000 Dropping powdered, liquid or gaseous matter (jettisoning fuel B64D0037260000);; B64D0001180000 by spraying, e.g. insecticides (spraying in general B05B);; B64D0001200000 for sky-writing B64D0001220000 Taking-up articles from earth's surface B64D0003000000 Aircraft adaptations to facilitate towing or being towed (B64D0039000000 takes precedence;ground installations for launching or towing aircraft B64F; towing ropes per D07B) B64D0003020000 for towing targets (towed targets per F41J);; B64D0005000000 Aircraft transported by aircraft, e.g. for release or reberthing during flight (flying units formed by separate aircraft B64C);; B64D0007000000 Arrangements of military equipment, e.g. armaments, armament accessories, or military shielding, in aircraft; Adaptations of armament mountings for aircraft (dropping bombs or the like B64D0001000000;armaments or mountings therefor per F41) B64D0007020000 the armaments being firearms B64D0007040000 fixedly mounted B64D0007060000 movably mounted B64D0007080000 the armaments being rockets B64D0009000000 Equipment for handling freight; Equipment for facilitating passenger embarkation or the like (emergency equipment B64D0017000000, B64D0019000000, B64D0025000000;structures integral with fuselage to facilitate loading, fuselage floors specially adapted for freight, steps mounted on, and retractable within, aircraft B64C; ground installations B64F) B64D0011000000 Passenger or crew accommodation; Flight-deck installations not otherwise provided for B64D0011020000 Toilet fittings (of general application A47K);; B64D0011040000 Galleys B64D0011060000 Arrangements or adaptations of seats (seat constructions for emergency purposes B64D0025040000);; B64D0013000000 Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passenger, or freight space (respiratory apparatus or component parts thereof for high-altitude aircraft A62B;for vehicles in general B60H) B64D0013020000 the air being pressurised B64D0013040000 Automatic control of pressure B64D0013060000 the air being conditioned (pressurising B64D0013020000);; B64D0013080000 the air being heated or cooled B64D0015000000 De-icing or preventing icing on exterior surfaces of aircraft (motor vehicles specially adapted for carrying de-icing equipment B60P);; B64D0015020000 by ducted hot gas or liquid B64D0015040000 Hot gas application B64D0015060000 Liquid application (in general B05);; B64D0015080000 exuded from surface B64D0015100000 sprayed over surface B64D0015120000 by electric heating (electric heating elements in general H05B);; B64D0015140000 controlled cyclically along length of surface B64D0015160000 by mechanical means, e.g. pulsating mats or shoes attached to, or built into, surface B64D0015180000 the surface being an aerofoil, rotor, or propeller B64D0015200000 Means for detecting icing or initiating de-icing B64D0015220000 Automatic initiation by icing detector B64D0017000000 Parachutes (non-canopied parachutes B64D0019000000);; B64D0017020000 Canopy arrangement or construction B64D0017040000 formed with two or more canopies arranged about a common axis B64D0017060000 formed with two or more canopies arranged in a cluster B64D0017080000 Secondary or shock-absorbing canopies attached to load line B64D0017100000 Ribbon construction B64D0017120000 constructed to provide variable or non-uniform porosity over area of canopy B64D0017140000 with skirt or air-deflecting panels B64D0017160000 secured to hem of main canopy B64D0017180000 Vent arrangement or construction B64D0017200000 variable in area B64D0017220000 Load suspension B64D0017240000 Rigging lines B64D0017260000 attached to hem of canopy B64D0017280000 attached to apex of canopy B64D0017300000 Harness (harness per A62B);; B64D0017320000 Construction of quick-release box B64D0017340000 adapted to control direction or rate of descent B64D0017360000 incorporating friction devices or frangible connections to reduce shock loading of canopy B64D0017380000 Releasable fastening devices between parachute and load or pack B64D0017400000 Packs B64D0017420000 rigid B64D0017440000 forming part of load B64D0017460000 Closing means B64D0017480000 with separate pack for extractor of auxiliary parachute B64D0017500000 formed with separate compartments for main canopy, rigging lines, or auxiliary parachute B64D0017520000 Opening, e.g. manual B64D0017540000 automatic B64D0017560000 responsive to barometric pressure B64D0017580000 responsive to time-delay mechanism B64D0017600000 by static line B64D0017620000 Deployment B64D0017640000 by extractor parachute B64D0017660000 attached to hem of main canopy B64D0017680000 attached to apex of main canopy B64D0017700000 by springs B64D0017720000 by explosive or inflatable means B64D0017740000 Sequential deployment of a plurality of canopies B64D0017760000 facilitated by method of folding or packing B64D0017780000 in association with other load-retarding apparatus B64D0017800000 in association with aircraft, e.g. for braking thereof B64D0019000000 Non-canopied parachutes B64D0019020000 Rotary-wing parachutes B64D0021000000 Testing of parachutes B64D0023000000 Training of parachutists B64D0025000000 Emergency apparatus or devices, not otherwise provided for (parachutes B64D0017000000, B64D0019000000;jettisoning of fuel B64D0037260000; severable or jettisonable parts of fuselage facilitating emergency escape B64C) B64D0025020000 Supports or holding means for living bodies B64D0025040000 Seat modifications B64D0025060000 Harnessing (harness per A62B);; B64D0025080000 Ejecting or escaping means (escape apertures B64C);; B64D0025100000 Ejector seats B64D0025120000 Ejectable capsules B64D0025140000 Inflatable escape chutes B64D0025160000 Dinghy stowage B64D0025180000 Flotation gear (aircraft alighting gear B64C);; B64D0025200000 Releasing of crash-position indicators B64D0027000000 Arrangement or mounting of power plant in aircraft; Aircraft characterised thereby (attitude, flight-direction, or altitude control of aircraft by jet reaction B64C);; B64D0027020000 Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plant (fuselages or wings adapted for mounting power plant B64C);; B64D0027040000 of piston type B64D0027060000 within, or attached to, wing B64D0027080000 within, or attached to, fuselage B64D0027100000 of gas-turbine type (B64D0027160000 takes precedence);; B64D0027120000 within, or attached to, wing B64D0027140000 within, or attached to, fuselage B64D0027160000 of jet type B64D0027180000 within, or attached to, wing B64D0027200000 within, or attached to, fuselage B64D0027220000 using atomic energy B64D0027240000 using steam, electricity, or spring force (B64D0027160000 takes precedence);; B64D0027260000 Aircraft characterised by construction of power-plant mounting B64D0029000000 Power-plant nacelles, fairings, or cowlings (nacelles not otherwise provided for B64C);; B64D0029020000 associated with wings (wings adapted for mounting power plant B64C);; B64D0029040000 associated with fuselages B64D0029060000 Attaching of nacelles, fairings, or cowlings B64D0029080000 Inspection panels for power plants B64D0031000000 Power plant control; Arrangement thereof (flying controls B64C);; B64D0031020000 Initiating means B64D0031040000 actuated personally B64D0031060000 actuated automatically B64D0031080000 for keeping cruising speed constant (conjoint control of power plant and propeller B64C);; B64D0031100000 for preventing asymmetric thrust upon failure of one power plant B64D0031120000 for equalising or synchronising power plants B64D0031140000 Transmitting means between initiating means and power plants B64D0033000000 Arrangements in aircraft of power plant parts or auxiliaries not otherwise provided for B64D0033020000 Combustion air intakes B64D0033040000 Exhaust outlets; jet pipes (attitude, flight direction, or altitude control by jet reaction B64C);; B64D0033060000 Silencing exhaust or propulsion jets (ground installations B64F);; B64D0033080000 Cooling of power plant B64D0033100000 Radiator arrangement B64D0033120000 of retractable type B64D0035000000 Transmitting power from power plant to propellers or rotors; Arrangements of transmissions (propellers or rotors per, helicopter transmissions B64C);; B64D0035020000 characterised by the type of power plant B64D0035040000 characterised by the transmission driving a plurality of propellers or rotors B64D0035060000 the propellers or rotors being counter-rotating B64D0035080000 characterised by the transmission being driven by a plurality of power plants B64D0037000000 Aircraft modifications or fittings in connection with fuel supply for power plant (refuelling during flight B64D0039000000);; B64D0037020000 Tanks (tanks constructed integrally with aircraft wings B64C;shape or construction of tanks per B65D) B64D0037040000 Arrangement thereof in or on aircraft B64D0037060000 Constructional adaptations thereof B64D0037080000 Internal partitioning B64D0037100000 to facilitate fuel pressurisation B64D0037120000 jettisonable B64D0037140000 Filling or emptying (transferring fuels to adjust aircraft trim B64C);; B64D0037160000 Filling systems (ground installations for fuelling aircraft B64F);; B64D0037180000 Conditioning fuel during filling B64D0037200000 Emptying systems B64D0037220000 facilitating emptying in any position of tank B64D0037240000 using gas pressure B64D0037260000 Jettisoning of fuel B64D0037280000 Control thereof B64D0037300000 Fuel systems for specific fuels B64D0037320000 Safety measures not otherwise provided for, e.g. preventing explosive conditions (extinguishing or preventing fires in aircraft A62C);; B64D0037340000 Conditioning fuel, e.g. heating (during filling B64D0037180000);; B64D0039000000 Refuelling during flight (filling or emptying fuel tanks B64D0037140000);; B64D0039020000 Means for paying-in or out hose B64D0039040000 Adaptations of hose construction (pipes in general F16L);; B64D0039060000 Connecting hose to aircraft; Disconnecting hose therefrom B64D0041000000 Power installations for auxiliary purposes B64D0043000000 Arrangements or adaptations of instruments (arrangements of cameras B64D0047080000;aeronautical measuring instruments per G01C) B64D0043020000 for indicating aircraft speed or stalling conditions B64D0045000000 Aircraft indicators or protectors not otherwise provided for B64D0045020000 Lightning protectors; Static dischargers (in general H01T);; B64D0045040000 Landing aids; Safety measures to prevent collision with earth's surface B64D0045060000 mechanical B64D0045080000 optical B64D0047000000 Equipment not otherwise provided for B64D0047020000 Arrangements or adaptations of signal or lighting devices B64D0047040000 the lighting devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead B64D0047060000 for indicating aircraft presence B64D0047080000 Arrangements of cameras B64F GROUND OR AIRCRAFT-CARRIER-DECK INSTALLATIONS B64F0001000000 Ground or aircraft-carrier-deck installations (specially adapted for captive aircraft B64F0003000000;aircraft-carriers per B63; fog-dispersal installations E01H; wind tunnels G01M; grounded flight trainers G09B) B64F0001020000 Arresting gear; Liquid barriers B64F0001040000 Launching or towing gear (railway aspects B61;aircraft towing aircraft B64D0003000000; weapon launching gear F41F) B64F0001060000 using catapults B64F0001080000 using winches B64F0001100000 using self-propelled vehicles B64F0001120000 Anchoring B64F0001140000 Towers or masts for mooring airships or balloons (building aspects E04H);; B64F0001160000 Pickets or ground anchors; Wheel chocks B64F0001180000 Visual or acoustic landing aids (optical or acoustic signalling in general G08);; B64F0001200000 Arrangement of optical beacons B64F0001220000 installed for handling aircraft B64F0001240000 Adaptations of turntables B64F0001260000 for reducing engine or jet noise; Protecting aerodromes from jet erosion B64F0001280000 Liquid-handling installations specially adapted for fuelling stationary aircraft (liquid handling in general B67);; B64F0001300000 for embarking or disembarking passengers B64F0001320000 for handling freight B64F0001340000 for starting propulsion plant B64F0001360000 Other aerodrome installations (construction of, and surfacing for, airfields E01C);; B64F0003000000 Ground installations specially adapted for captive aircraft (railway aspects B61);; B64F0003020000 with means for supplying electricity to aircraft during flight B64F0005000000 Designing, manufacturing, assembling, cleaning, maintaining, or repairing aircraft, not otherwise provided for B64G COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR B64G0001000000 Cosmonautic vehicles; Propelling or controlling thereof; Equipment for use therein; Equipment for crews thereof (cosmonautical measuring instruments, see the relevant classes;protective clothing A62D) B64G0001100000 Artificial satellites; Systems of such satellites (radio transmission relay systems H04B);; B64G0001200000 Self-propelled vehicles; Propelling, steering or controlling vehicles (producing a reactive propulsive thrust F02K, F03H);; B64G0001300000 Protecting against or using radiation (B64G0001200000 takes precedence);; B64G0003000000 Observing or tracking cosmonautic vehicles (radio or analogous wave systems for navigating or tracking G01S);; B64G0005000000 Ground equipment for vehicles, e.g. starting towers, fuelling arrangements (B64G0003000000 takes precedence);; B64G0007000000 Simulating cosmonautic conditions, e.g. for conditioning or training crews B64G0009000000 Cosmonautics not otherwise provided for B65 CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL B65B MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING (bundling and pressing devices for cigars A24C0001440000;paper-bag holders as shop or office accessories A47F0013080000; apparatus for coating, e.g. by dipping, B05C; devices for tensioning and securing binders adapted to be supported by the article or articles to be bound B25B; nailing or stapling devices per B25C, B27F; inserting documents in envelopes and closing the latter B43M0003000000, B43M0005000000; wrappers, containers or other packaging elements, e.g. binders, closures, protective caps, B65D; stacking articles in, or removing them from, pallets B65G; devices for handling sheets or webs of interest apart from their application in packaging machines B65H; packaging of matches C06F; wrapping sugar during manufacture C13H; making containers or receptacles per, see the appropriate sub-classes); B65B0001000000 Packaging fluent solid material, e.g. powders, granular or loose fibrous material, loose masses of small articles, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars (under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions B65B0031000000);; B65B0001020000 Machines characterised by the incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles (from flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material B65B0009000000;making containers or receptacles of interest apart from this application, see appropriate sub-classes); B65B0001040000 Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles B65B0001060000 by gravity flow B65B0001080000 by vibratory feeders B65B0001100000 by rotary feeders B65B0001120000 of screw type B65B0001140000 of centrifugal type B65B0001160000 by pneumatic means, e.g. by suction B65B0001180000 for filling valve-bags B65B0001200000 Reducing volume of filled material B65B0001220000 by vibration B65B0001240000 by mechanical compression B65B0001260000 by pneumatic means, e.g. suction B65B0001280000 Controlling escape of air or dust from containers or receptacles during filling B65B0001300000 Devices or methods for controlling or determining the quantity or quality of the material fed or filled B65B0001320000 by weighing (check-weighing of filled containers or receptacles B65B0001460000;weighing in general G01G) B65B0001340000 Adjusting weight by trickle feed B65B0001360000 by volumetric devices or methods (checking volume of filled material B65B0001480000;volumetric measurement in general G01F) B65B0001380000 by pistons co-operating with measuring chambers B65B0001400000 by timing of filling operations B65B0001420000 and arresting flow by cut-off means B65B0001440000 Checking density of material to be filled B65B0001460000 Check-weighing of filled containers or receptacles (check-weighing in general G01G);; B65B0001480000 Checking volume of filled material B65B0003000000 Packaging plastic material, semiliquids, liquids, or mixed solids and liquids, in individual containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars (filling bottles or other containers with liquids or semi-liquids by bottling machines B67C;filling of gas bottles at high pressure for storing gases F17C) B65B0003020000 Machines characterised by the incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles (making containers or receptacles of interest apart from this application, see appropriate sub-classes);; B65B0003040000 Methods of, or means for, filling the material into the containers or receptacles B65B0003060000 by gravity flow B65B0003080000 by screw-type feeders B65B0003100000 by application of pressure to material (by screw-type feeders B65B0003080000);; B65B0003120000 mechanically, e.g. by pistons or pumps B65B0003140000 pneumatically B65B0003160000 for filling collapsible tubes (for filling valve bags B65B0003170000);; B65B0003170000 for filling valve bags B65B0003180000 Controlling escape of air from containers or receptacles during filling B65B0003220000 Defoaming liquids in connection with filling B65B0003240000 Topping-up containers or receptacles to ensure complete filling B65B0003260000 Methods or devices for controlling the quantity of the material fed or filled B65B0003280000 by weighing (in general G01G);; B65B0003300000 by volumetric measurement (in general G01F);; B65B0003320000 by pistons co-operating with measuring chambers B65B0003340000 by timing of filling operations B65B0003360000 and arresting flow by cut-off means B65B0005000000 Packaging individual articles in containers or receptacles, e.g. bags, sacks, boxes, cartons, cans, jars B65B0005020000 Machines characterised by incorporation of means for making the containers or receptacles (from flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material B65B0009000000;making containers or receptacles of interest apart from this application, see appropriate sub-classes); B65B0005040000 Packaging single articles B65B0005060000 Packaging groups of articles, the groups being treated as single articles B65B0005080000 Packaging groups of articles, the articles being individually gripped or guided for transfer to the containers or receptacles B65B0005100000 Filling containers or receptacles progressively or in stages by introducing successive articles, or layers of articles B65B0005120000 Introducing successive articles, e.g. confectionery products, of different shape or size in predetermined positions B65B0007000000 Closing containers or receptacles after filling (combinations of container-closing apparatus with apparatus for filling containers B65B0001000000, B65B0003000000, B65B0005000000;under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions B65B0031000000) B65B0007020000 Closing containers or receptacles deformed by, or taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. bags, sacks B65B0007040000 by tucking-in mouth portion to form two flaps and subsequently folding-down B65B0007060000 by collapsing mouth portion, e.g. to form a single flap B65B0007080000 and folding B65B0007100000 and rolling-in B65B0007120000 and twisting B65B0007140000 Closing collapsible or resilient tubes, e.g. for tooth-paste, for lighter fuel B65B0007160000 Closing semi-rigid or rigid containers or receptacles not deformed by, or not taking-up shape of, contents, e.g. boxes, cartons (closing cans by metal-working operations B21D0051260000;stoppering or capping bottles or jars B67B) B65B0007180000 by collapsing mouth portion and subsequently folding-down or securing flaps B65B0007200000 by folding-down preformed flaps B65B0007220000 and inserting flap portions between contents and wall B65B0007240000 and interengaging tongue-and-slot closures B65B0007260000 by closing hinged lids B65B0007280000 by applying separate preformed closures, e.g. lids, covers B65B0009000000 Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages B65B0009020000 Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, between opposed webs B65B0009040000 one or both webs being formed with pockets for the reception of the articles, or of the quantities of material B65B0009060000 Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, in a longitudinally-folded web, or in a web folded into a tube about the articles or quantities of material placed upon it B65B0009080000 in a web folded and sealed transversely to form pockets which are subsequently filled and then closed by sealing B65B0009100000 Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs B65B0009120000 Subdividing filled tubes to form two or more packages by sealing or securing involving displacement of contents (sausage making A22C0011000000);; B65B0009140000 Devices for distending tubes supplied in the flattened state B65B0009160000 Storing tubes on filling nozzles B65B0011000000 Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles, or quantities of material, in strips, sheets, or blanks, of flexible material (bundling articles by applying narrow strips or bands of flexible material B65B0013000000);; B65B0011020000 Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, without changing their position during the wrapping operation, e.g. in moulds with hinged folders (by doubling a wrapper and securing its opposed free margins to enclose contents B65B0011480000;by disposing contents between two sheets and securing their opposed free margins B65B0011500000; covering elongated or annular cores by winding B65H0081000000) B65B0011040000 the articles being rotated B65B0011060000 Wrapping articles, or quantities of material, by conveying wrapper and contents in defined paths B65B0011080000 in a single straight path B65B0011100000 to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents B65B0011120000 and then to form closing folds of similar form at opposite ends of the tube B65B0011140000 the ends of the tube being subsequently twisted B65B0011160000 to fold the wrappers in channel form about contents and then to close the ends of the channel by folding and finally the mouth of the channel by folding or twisting B65B0011180000 in two or more straight paths B65B0011200000 to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents B65B0011220000 and then to form closing folds of similar form at opposite ends of the tube B65B0011240000 the ends of the tube being subsequently twisted B65B0011260000 to fold the wrappers in channel form about contents and then to close the ends of the channel by folding and finally the mouth of the channel by folding or twisting B65B0011280000 in a curved path, e.g. on rotary tables or turrets B65B0011300000 to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents B65B0011320000 and then to form closing folds of similar form at opposite ends of the tube B65B0011340000 the ends of the tube being subsequently twisted B65B0011360000 to fold the wrappers in channel form about contents and then to close the ends of the channel by folding and finally the mouth of the channel by folding or twisting B65B0011380000 in a combination of straight and curved paths B65B0011400000 to fold the wrappers in tubular form about contents B65B0011420000 and then to form closing folds of similar form at opposite ends of the tube B65B0011440000 the ends of the tube being subsequently twisted B65B0011460000 to fold the wrappers in channel form about contents and then to close the ends of the channel by folding and finally the mouth of the channel by folding or twisting B65B0011480000 Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, by folding a wrapper, e.g. a pocketed wrapper, and securing its opposed free margins to enclose contents B65B0011500000 Enclosing articles, or quantities of material, by disposing contents between two sheets, e.g. pocketed sheets, and securing their opposed free margins B65B0011520000 one sheet being rendered plastic, e.g. by heating, and forced by fluid pressure, e.g. vacuum, into engagement with the other sheet and contents, e.g. skin-, blister-, or bubble-packaging B65B0011540000 Wrapping by causing the wrapper to embrace one end and all sides of the contents, and closing the wrapper onto the opposite end by forming regular or irregular pleats B65B0011560000 Rolling articles with wrappers along a supporting surface (for bottles B65B0021260000);; B65B0011580000 Applying two or more wrappers, e.g. in succession B65B0013000000 Bundling articles B65B0013020000 Applying and securing binding material, e.g. strings, wires, strips, bands, or tapes around articles or groups of articles (specially adapted for harvesting A01D0037000000, A01D0039000000, A01D0059000000, A01F0001000000;tying devices in baling presses A01F0015140000, B30B0009300000; portable devices for applying tensioned bands or wires to articles B25B, E01B0031280000) B65B0013040000 with means for guiding the binding material around the articles prior to severing from supply B65B0013060000 Stationary ducts or channels B65B0013080000 Single guide or carrier for one end of material movable part-way around articles from one side only B65B0013100000 Carriers travelling completely around the articles while holding the one of material B65B0013120000 attached to rotating rings B65B0013140000 Pairs of carriers or guides movable around opposite sides of the articles B65B0013160000 with means for severing the binding material from supply and then applying it around the articles B65B0013180000 Details of, and auxiliary devices used in, bundling machines B65B0013200000 Means for compressing or compacting bundles prior to bundling B65B0013220000 Means for controlling tension of binding means B65B0013240000 Securing ends of binding material B65B0013260000 by knotting B65B0013280000 by twisting B65B0013300000 by deforming the overlapping ends of the strip or band B65B0013320000 by welding, soldering, or heat-sealing; by applying adhesive B65B0013340000 by applying separate securing members, e.g. deformable clips B65B0015000000 Attaching articles to cards, sheets, strings, webs, or other carriers B65B0015020000 Attaching small articles, e.g. buttons, to cards (cards for buttons, collar-studs, or sleeve-links A44B0007000000);; B65B0015040000 Attaching a series of articles, e.g. small electrical components, to a continuous web (ammunition filling F42B);; B65B0017000000 Other machines, apparatus, or methods for packaging articles or materials B65B0017020000 Joining articles, e.g. cans, directly to each other for convenience of storage, transport, or handling B65B0019000000 Packaging rod-shaped or tubular articles susceptible to damage by abrasion or pressure, e.g. cigarettes, cigars, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws, welding electrodes (final treatment of cigars or cigarettes after manufacture A24C0001380000, A24C0005600000);; B65B0019020000 Packaging cigarettes B65B0019040000 Arranging, feeding, or orientating the cigarettes B65B0019060000 Turning individual cigarettes to present printed marks in desired position B65B0019080000 Positioning oval cigarettes in overlapped arrangement B65B0019100000 Arranging cigarettes in layers each comprising a predetermined number B65B0019120000 Inserting the cigarettes, or wrapped groups thereof, into preformed containers B65B0019140000 into pocket boxes, e.g. boxes of rectangular form closed at one end by a flap adapted to be inserted into a slot in the body B65B0019160000 into boxes with two pockets B65B0019180000 into drawer-and-shell type boxes or cartons B65B0019200000 into boxes with hinged lids B65B0019220000 Wrapping the cigarettes; Packaging the cigarettes in containers formed by folding wrapping material around formers B65B0019240000 using hollow mandrels through which groups of cigarettes are fed B65B0019260000 Machines specially adapted for packaging cigars B65B0019280000 Control devices for cigarette or cigar packaging machines (of general application in packaging machines B65B0057000000);; B65B0019300000 responsive to presence of faulty articles, e.g. incorrectly-filled cigarettes B65B0019320000 responsive to incorrect grouping of articles or to incorrect filling of packages B65B0019340000 Packaging other rod-shaped articles, e.g. sausages, macaroni, spaghetti, drinking straws, welding electrodes B65B0021000000 Packaging or unpacking of bottles (bundling bottles B65B0027040000);; B65B0021020000 into or from preformed containers, e.g. crates B65B0021040000 Arranging, assembling, feeding, or orientating the bottles prior to introduction into, or after removal from, containers B65B0021060000 Forming groups of bottles B65B0021080000 Introducing or removing single bottles, or groups of bottles, e.g. for progressive filling or emptying of containers B65B0021100000 using gravity flow B65B0021120000 using grippers engaging bottle necks (grippers in general B25J);; B65B0021140000 Introducing or removing groups of bottles, for filling or emptying containers in one operation B65B0021160000 using gravity flow B65B0021180000 using grippers engaging bottle necks B65B0021200000 with means for varying spacing of bottles B65B0021220000 by inverting and raising or lowering the container relative to bottles B65B0021240000 Enclosing bottles in wrappers B65B0021260000 Applying wrappers to individual bottles by operations involving rotation or rolling of the bottles B65B0023000000 Packaging fragile or shock-sensitive articles other than bottles; Unpacking eggs B65B0023020000 Packaging or unpacking eggs B65B0023040000 Erecting egg trays or cartons from collapsed blanks B65B0023060000 Arranging, feeding, or orientating the eggs to be packed; Removing eggs from trays or cartons B65B0023080000 using grippers (testing, sorting, or cleaning eggs A01K0043000000;egg grippers for cooking purposes A47J0029060000) B65B0023100000 Packaging biscuits B65B0023120000 Arranging, feeding, or orientating the biscuits to be packaged (in connection with baking A21C0015000000);; B65B0023140000 Forming groups of biscuits B65B0023160000 Inserting the biscuits, or wrapped groups thereof, into preformed containers B65B0023180000 Wrapping individual biscuits, or groups of biscuits B65B0023200000 Packaging plate glass, tiles, or shingles B65B0023220000 Packaging glass ampoules, lamp bulbs, radio valves or tubes, or the like B65B0025000000 Packaging other articles presenting special problems (bundling B65B0027000000);; B65B0025020000 Packaging agricultural or horticultural products B65B0025040000 Packaging fruit or vegetables (bag or sack-filling devices associated with digging harvesters A01D0033100000);; B65B0025060000 Packaging slices or specially-shaped pieces of meat, cheese, or other plastic or tacky products B65B0025080000 between layers or strips of sheet or web material, e.g. in webs folded to zig-zag form B65B0025100000 Forming sector-shaped packages of cheese or like plastic products B65B0025120000 and enclosing in circular containers B65B0025140000 Packaging paper or like sheets, envelopes, or newspapers, in flat, folded, or rolled form B65B0025160000 Wrapping bread or like bakery products, e.g. unsliced loaves B65B0025180000 Wrapping sliced bread (cutting or slicing machines specially adapted for bakeries A21C0015040000;domestic bread-slicing machines or apparatus B26D0004000000) B65B0025200000 Packaging garments, e.g. socks, stockings, shirts B65B0025220000 Packaging articles of food, e.g. fish fillets, intended to be cooked in the package B65B0025240000 Packaging annular articles, e.g. tyres B65B0027000000 Bundling particular articles presenting special problems using string, wire, or narrow tape or band; Baling fibrous material, e.g. peat, not otherwise provided for B65B0027020000 Bundling bricks or other building blocks B65B0027040000 Bundling groups of cans or bottles B65B0027060000 Bundling coils of wire or like annular objects B65B0027080000 Bundling paper sheets, envelopes, bags, newspapers, or other thin flat articles B65B0027100000 Bundling rods, sticks, or like elongated objects B65B0027120000 Baling or bundling compressible fibrous material, e.g. peat (baling presses for straw, hay, or the like A01F0015000000;baling presses in general B30B0009300000) B65B0029000000 Packaging of materials presenting special problems B65B0029020000 Packaging of substances, e.g. tea, which are intended to be infused in the package B65B0029040000 Attaching, or forming and attaching, string handles or tags to tea bags B65B0029060000 Packaging of substances to which a further ingredient, e.g. water, is to be added in the package by the user for mixing prior to dispensing B65B0029080000 Packaging of edible materials intended to be cooked in the package (infusible substances B65B0029020000);; B65B0029100000 Packaging two or more different substances isolated from one another in the package but capable of being mixed without opening the package, e.g. forming packages containing a resin and hardener isolated by a frangible partition B65B0031000000 Packaging articles or materials under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions; Adding propellants to aerosol containers B65B0031020000 Filling, closing, or filling and closing, containers in chambers maintained under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure or containing a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas B65B0031040000 Evacuating, pressurising, or gasifying filled containers or wrappers by means of nozzles through which air or other gas, e.g. an inert gas, is withdrawn or supplied B65B0031060000 the nozzle being arranged for insertion into, and withdrawal from, the mouth of a filled container and operating in conjunction with means for sealing the container mouth B65B0031080000 the nozzle being adapted to pierce the container or wrapper B65B0031100000 Adding propellants in solid form to aerosol containers B65B0033000000 Packaging articles by applying removable, e.g. strippable, coatings (applying liquids or semiliquids to surfaces B05;wrapping cores by winding B65H0081000000; coating methods per B44D) B65B0033020000 Packaging small articles, e.g. spare parts for machines or engines B65B0033040000 Packaging large articles, e.g. complete machines, aircraft B65B0033060000 the coating being applied to a supporting layer or framework of sheets or strips of thin flexible material, e.g. cocoon packaging B65B0035000000 Supplying, feeding, arranging, or orientating articles to be packaged (cigarettes B65B0019040000;bottles B65B0021040000; eggs B65B0023060000; biscuits B65B0023120000; if not restricted to packaging machines B07C, B65G, B65H) B65B0035020000 Supply magazines B65B0035040000 with buffer storage devices B65B0035060000 Separating single articles from loose masses of articles B65B0035080000 using pocketed conveyers B65B0035100000 Feeding, e.g. conveying, single articles (orientating B65B0035560000);; B65B0035120000 by gravity B65B0035140000 by agitators or vibrators B65B0035160000 by grippers B65B0035180000 by suction-operated grippers B65B0035200000 by reciprocating or oscillatory pushers B65B0035220000 by roller-ways B65B0035240000 by endless belts or chains B65B0035260000 by rotary conveyers B65B0035280000 by pneumatic conveyers B65B0035300000 Arranging and feeding articles in groups (orientating B65B0035560000);; B65B0035320000 by gravity B65B0035340000 by agitators or vibrators B65B0035360000 by grippers B65B0035380000 by suction-operated grippers B65B0035400000 by reciprocating or oscillatory pushers B65B0035420000 by roller-ways B65B0035440000 by endless belts or chains B65B0035460000 by rotary conveyers B65B0035480000 by pneumatic conveyers B65B0035500000 Stacking one article, or group of articles, upon another before packaging B65B0035520000 building-up the stack from the bottom B65B0035540000 Feeding articles along multiple paths to a single packaging position B65B0035560000 Orientating, i.e. changing the attitude of, articles, e.g. of non-uniform cross-section B65B0035580000 Turning articles by positively-acting means, e.g. to present labelled portions in uppermost position B65B0037000000 Supplying or feeding fluent-solid, plastic, or liquid material, or loose masses of small articles, to be packaged (methods of, or means for, filling individual containers with such materials or articles B65B0001040000, B65B0003040000);; B65B0037020000 by gravity flow B65B0037040000 by vibratory feeders B65B0037060000 by pistons or pumps B65B0037080000 by rotary feeders B65B0037100000 of screw type B65B0037120000 of centrifugal type B65B0037140000 by pneumatic feeders B65B0037160000 Separating measured quantities from supply (in container-filling machines B65B0001300000, B65B0003260000);; B65B0037180000 by weighing (in general G01G);; B65B0037200000 by volume measurement (in general G01F);; B65B0039000000 Nozzles, funnels, or guides for introducing articles or materials into containers or wrappers (nozzles in general B05B;funnels in general B67C0011000000) B65B0039020000 Expansible or contractible nozzles, funnels, or guides B65B0039040000 having air-escape, or air-withdrawal, passages B65B0039060000 adapted to support containers or wrappers B65B0039080000 by means of clamps B65B0039100000 operating automatically B65B0039120000 movable towards, or away from, container or wrapper during filling or depositing B65B0039140000 movable with a moving container or wrapper during filling or depositing B65B0041000000 Supplying or feeding container-forming sheets or wrapping material (in general B65H);; B65B0041020000 Feeding sheets or wrapper blanks B65B0041040000 by grippers B65B0041060000 by suction-operated grippers B65B0041080000 by reciprocating or oscillating pushers B65B0041100000 by rollers B65B0041120000 Feeding webs from rolls B65B0041140000 by grippers B65B0041160000 by rollers B65B0041180000 Registering sheets, blanks, or webs B65B0043000000 Forming, feeding, opening, or setting-up containers or receptacles in association with packaging (forming pockets in sheets, blanks, or webs, by pressing the material into forming dies or moving it through folding dies B65B0047000000);; B65B0043020000 Forming flat bags from individual sheets or blanks B65B0043040000 Forming flat bags from webs B65B0043060000 from more than one web B65B0043080000 Forming three-dimensional containers from sheet material B65B0043100000 by folding the material B65B0043120000 Feeding flexible bags or carton blanks in flat or collapsed state; Feeding flat bags connected to form a series or chain B65B0043140000 Feeding individual bags or carton blanks from piles or magazines B65B0043160000 by grippers B65B0043180000 by suction-operated grippers B65B0043200000 by reciprocating or oscillating pushers B65B0043220000 by rollers B65B0043240000 Breaking creases to facilitate setting-up cartons B65B0043260000 Opening or distending bags; Opening, erecting, or setting-up boxes, cartons, or carton blanks B65B0043280000 by grippers co-operating with fixed supports B65B0043300000 by grippers engaging opposed walls, e.g. suction-operated B65B0043320000 by external pressure diagonally applied B65B0043340000 by internal pressure B65B0043360000 applied pneumatically B65B0043380000 Opening hinged lids B65B0043390000 Opening-out closure flaps clear of bag, box, or carton mouth B65B0043400000 Removing separate lids B65B0043410000 Opening drawer-and-shell cartons B65B0043420000 Feeding or positioning bags, boxes, or cartons in the distended, opened, or set-up state; Feeding preformed rigid containers, e.g. tins, capsules, glass tubes, glasses, to the packaging position; Locating containers or receptacles at the filling position (by means of filling nozzles B65B0039000000);;Supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation (by filling nozzles B65B0039000000);; B65B0043440000 from supply magazines B65B0043460000 using grippers B65B0043480000 using reciprocating or oscillating pushers B65B0043500000 using rotary tables or turrets B65B0043520000 using roller-ways or endless conveyers B65B0043540000 Means for supporting containers or receptacles during the filling operation B65B0043560000 movable stepwise to position container or receptacle for the reception of successive increments of contents B65B0043580000 vertically movable B65B0043600000 rotatable B65B0043620000 about an axis located at the filling position, e.g. the axis of the container or receptacle B65B0045000000 Apparatus or devices for supporting or holding wrappers during wrapping operation (filling nozzles, funnels, guides B65B0039000000);; B65B0047000000 Apparatus or devices for forming pockets or receptacles in or from sheets, blanks, or webs, comprising essentially a die into which the material is pressed or a folding die through which the material is moved B65B0047020000 with means for heating the material prior to forming B65B0047040000 by application of mechanical pressure B65B0047060000 using folding dies B65B0047080000 by application of fluid pressure B65B0047100000 by vacuum B65B0049000000 Devices for folding or bending wrappers around contents B65B0049020000 Fixed or resiliently-mounted folders, e.g. non-driven rollers B65B0049040000 Ploughs or plates with inclined slots or opposed inclined edges B65B0049060000 Resilient folders, e.g. brushes, diaphragms B65B0049080000 Reciprocating or oscillating folders B65B0049100000 Folders movable in closed non-circular paths B65B0049120000 Rotary folders B65B0049140000 Folders forming part of, or attached to, conveyers for partially-wrapped articles B65B0049160000 Pneumatic means, e.g. air jets B65B0051000000 Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags B65B0051020000 Applying adhesives or sealing liquids (activating adhesives by applying heat or pressure B65B0051100000);; B65B0051040000 Applying separate sealing or securing members, e.g. clips (applying separate lids or covers B65B0007280000);; B65B0051050000 Stapling B65B0051060000 Applying adhesive tape B65B0051070000 Sewing or stitching B65B0051080000 Applying binding material, e.g. to twisted bag necks B65B0051100000 Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof B65B0051120000 by resilient means, e.g. brushes B65B0051140000 by reciprocating or oscillating members B65B0051160000 by rotary members B65B0051180000 by endless bands or chains B65B0051200000 by fluid pressure acting directly on folds or on opposed surfaces, e.g. using hot-air jets (shrinking wrappers by heating B65B0053020000);; B65B0051220000 by friction or ultrasonic or high-frequency electrical means B65B0051240000 to produce bead seals (combined with severing by heated wires or rods B65B0061100000);; B65B0051260000 Devices specially adapted for producing transverse or longitudinal seams in webs or tubes B65B0051280000 Rollers for producing longitudinal and transverse seams simultaneously B65B0051300000 Devices, e.g. jaws, for applying pressure and heat successively, e.g. for subdividing filled tubes B65B0051320000 Cooling, or cooling and pressing, package closures after heat-sealing B65B0053000000 Shrinking wrappers, containers, or container covers during or after packaging B65B0053020000 by heat B65B0053040000 supplied by liquids B65B0053060000 supplied by gases, e.g. hot-air jets B65B0055000000 Preserving, protecting, or purifying packages or package contents in association with packaging (by packaging under special atmospheric or gaseous conditions B65B0031000000;devices for placing protecting sheets, plugs, or wads over contents B65B0061220000; if not restricted to packaging A23L, A61L) B65B0055020000 Sterilising, e.g. of complete packages B65B0055040000 Sterilising wrappers or receptacles prior to, or during, packaging B65B0055060000 by heat B65B0055080000 by irradiation B65B0055100000 by liquids or gases (B65B0055060000 takes precedence);; B65B0055120000 Sterilising contents prior to, or during, packaging B65B0055140000 by heat B65B0055160000 by irradiation B65B0055180000 by liquids or gases (B65B0055140000 takes precedence);; B65B0055190000 by adding materials intended to remove free oxygen or to develop inhibitor gases, e.g. vapour-phase inhibitors B65B0055200000 Embedding contents in shock-absorbing media, e.g. plastic foam, granular material B65B0055220000 Immersing contents in protective liquids B65B0055240000 Cleaning of, or removing dust from, containers, wrappers, or packaging B65B0057000000 Automatic control, checking, warning, or safety devices (such devices in general, see the relevant classes;registering wrapping or container-forming material fed from rolls B65B0041180000; accident-prevention measures applicable for general use F16P; photoelectric cells H01J, H01L) B65B0057020000 responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of binding or wrapping material, containers, or packages B65B0057040000 and operating to control, or to stop, the feed of such material, containers, or packages B65B0057060000 and operating to control, or to stop, the feed of articles or material to be packaged B65B0057080000 and operating to stop, or to control the speed of, the machine as a whole B65B0057100000 responsive to absence, presence, abnormal feed, or misplacement of articles or materials to be packaged B65B0057120000 and operating to control, or stop, the feed of wrapping materials, containers, or packages B65B0057140000 and operating to control, or stop, the feed of articles or material to be packaged B65B0057160000 and operating to stop, or to control the speed of, the machine as a whole B65B0057180000 causing operation of audible or visible alarm signals B65B0057200000 Applications of counting devices for controlling the feed of articles (other applications B65B0065080000);; B65B0059000000 Arrangements to enable machines to handle articles of different sizes, to produce packages of different sizes, to vary the contents of packages, or to give access for cleaning or maintenance purposes B65B0059020000 Arrangements to enable adjustments to be made while the machine is running (weight or volumetric adjustment of material to be packaged B65B0001300000, B65B0003260000);; B65B0059040000 Machines constructed with readily-detachable units or assemblies, e.g. to facilitate maintenance B65B0061000000 Miscellaneous auxiliary devices operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, containers, or packages, and not otherwise provided for (operating on articles or materials to be packaged and not otherwise provided for B65B0063000000);; B65B0061020000 for perforating, scoring, or applying code or date marks on material prior to packaging B65B0061040000 for severing webs, or for separating joined packages B65B0061060000 by cutting B65B0061080000 using rotary cutters B65B0061100000 using heated wires or cutters B65B0061120000 by tearing along perforations or lines of weakness B65B0061140000 for incorporating, or forming and incorporating, handles or suspension means in packages (attaching, or forming and attaching, string handles or tags to tea-bags B65B0029040000);; B65B0061160000 Forming suspension apertures in packages B65B0061180000 for applying or incorporating package-opening or unpacking elements, e.g. tear-strips B65B0061200000 for adding cards, coupons, or other inserts to package contents (adding unpacking elements B65B0061180000;labelling B65C) B65B0061220000 for placing protecting sheets, plugs, or wads over contents, e.g. cotton-wool in bottles of pills B65B0061240000 for shaping or reshaping completed packages B65B0061260000 for marking or coding completed packages B65B0061280000 for discharging completed packages from machines B65B0063000000 Miscellaneous auxiliary devices operating on articles or materials to be packaged and not otherwise provided for (operating on sheets, blanks, webs, binding material, or packages, and not otherwise provided for B65B0061000000);; B65B0063020000 for compressing or compacting articles or materials prior to wrapping or insertion in containers or receptacles (tabletting or compressing of powders B30B0011000000);; B65B0063040000 for folding or winding articles, e.g. gloves, stockings (folding or winding webs or filamentary material in general B65H0045000000, B65H0054000000;folding textile articles in connection with laundering preparatory to packaging D06F0089000000) B65B0063060000 Forming elongated hanks, e.g. of shoe laces B65B0063080000 for heating or cooling articles or materials to facilitate packaging B65B0065000000 Details peculiar to packaging machines and not otherwise provided for; Arrangements of such details B65B0065020000 Driving gear B65B0065040000 Mechanisms for converting a continuous rotary motion to intermittent rotary motion, e.g. Geneva drives B65B0065060000 coated or treated with anti-friction or anti-sticking materials, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene B65B0065080000 Devices for counting or registering the number of articles handled, or the number of packages produced by the machine B65B0067000000 Apparatus or devices facilitating manual packaging operations; Sack holders B65B0067020000 packaging of articles or materials in containers B65B0067040000 Devices facilitating insertion of single articles, or groups or articles, into bags B65B0067060000 Manually-operable devices for closing bag necks, by applying and securing lengths of string, wire, or tape B65B0067080000 Wrapping of articles B65B0067100000 Wrapping-tables B65B0067120000 Sack holders, i.e. stands or frames with means for supporting sacks in the open condition to facilitate filling with articles or materials B65B0069000000 Unpacking of articles or materials, not otherwise provided for B65C LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES (nailing or stapling machines B27F0007020000;applying labels for packaging purposes B65B; labels, name-plates G09F) B65C0001000000 Labelling flat essentially-rigid surfaces (labelling of fabrics B65C0005000000);; B65C0001020000 Affixing labels to one flat surface of articles, e.g. of packages, of flat bands B65C0001040000 Affixing labels, e.g. wrap-around labels, to two or more flat surfaces of a polyhedral article B65C0001060000 of a box, e.g. a cigarette box B65C0003000000 Labelling other than flat surfaces (of fabrics B65C0005000000);; B65C0003020000 Affixing labels to elongated objects, e.g. wires, cables, bars, tubes B65C0003040000 Applying bands or labels to cigars or cigarettes B65C0003060000 Affixing labels to short rigid containers B65C0003080000 to container bodies B65C0003100000 the container being positioned for labelling with its centre-line horizontal B65C0003120000 by rolling the labels onto cylindrical containers, e.g. bottles B65C0003140000 the container being positioned for labelling with its centre-line vertical B65C0003160000 by rolling the labels onto cylindrical containers, e.g. bottles B65C0003180000 to container necks B65C0003200000 to bottle closures (applying closures or capsules to bottles B67B);; B65C0003220000 Affixing metal foil coverings B65C0003240000 Affixing labels indicating original state of bottle snap or screw closure B65C0003260000 Affixing labels to non-rigid containers, e.g. bottles made of polyethylene, boxes to be inflated by internal air pressure prior to labelling B65C0005000000 Labelling fabrics or comparable materials or articles with deformable surface, e.g. paper, fabric rolls, stockings, shoes (affixing labels to non-rigid containers B65C0003260000;by sewing D05B) B65C0005020000 using adhesives B65C0005040000 thermo-activatable adhesives B65C0005060000 using staples (stapling tools B25C;«stapling together paper sheets B42B0003000000; »); B65C0007000000 Affixing tags (in combination with filling of tea bags B65B0029040000);; B65C0009000000 Details of labelling machines or apparatus B65C0009020000 Devices for moving articles, e.g. containers, past labelling station B65C0009040000 having means for rotating the articles B65C0009060000 Devices for presenting articles in predetermined attitude or position at labelling station B65C0009080000 Label feeding B65C0009100000 Label magazines B65C0009120000 Removing separate labels from stacks (for printing B41F;separating articles from piles in general B65H) B65C0009140000 by vacuum B65C0009160000 by wetting devices B65C0009180000 Label feeding from strips, e.g. from rolls B65C0009200000 Gluing the labels or articles B65C0009220000 by wetting B65C0009240000 by heat B65C0009260000 Devices for applying labels B65C0009280000 Air-blast devices B65C0009300000 Rollers B65C0009320000 Co-operating rollers between which articles and labels are fed B65C0009340000 Flexible bands B65C0009360000 Wipers; Pressers B65C0009380000 Label cooling or drying B65C0009400000 Controls; Safety devices B65C0009420000 Label feed control B65C0009440000 by special means responsive to marks on labels or articles (feed control in wrapping B65B);; B65C0009460000 Applying date marks, code marks, or the like, to the label during labelling (manually-controlled or operable apparatus having printing equipment B65C0011020000;ticket printing and issuing G07B0001000000) B65C0011000000 Manually-controlled or manually-operable label dispensers, e.g. modified for the application of labels to articles (dispenser for wrapping paper in shops or offices A47F;for paper napkins, for toilet paper A47K; for playing cards A63F; movable-strip writing or reading apparatus B42D0019000000; dispensers for tickets G07B; coin-operated dispensers for stamps G07F) B65C0011020000 having printing equipment B65C0011040000 having means for moistening the labels B65C0011060000 having means for heating thermo-activatable labels B65D CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES (making containers, see sub-classes dealing with the working of the material concerned;containers specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products A01F0025140000; containers specially adapted for use in dairies A01J; travelling bags or baskets, suitcases A45C; travelling or camp equipment A45F; household or table equipment A47G; letter-boxes for home use A47G0029120000; kitchen or other domestic appliances A47J; machines, apparatus, or devices for, or methods of, packaging articles or materials B65B; sack holders B65B0067000000; refuse receptacles B65F0001000000; hoppers B65G; handling sheets, webs or filamentary material B65H; container traffic B65J; load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces B66C; storing gases F17) B65D0001000000 Containers having bodies formed in one piece, e.g. by casting metallic material, by moulding plastics material, by blowing vitreous material, by throwing ceramic material, by moulding pulped fibrous material, by deep-drawing operations performed on sheet material (by winding, bending, or folding paper B65D0003000000, B65D0005000000;specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing, or tearing of wall portions B65D0017000000; pallets B65D0019000000; details of bottles or of jars B65D0023000000) B65D0001020000 Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures, designed for pouring contents (thermally insulated containers in general B65D0081380000;thermally insulated A47J0041000000) B65D0001040000 Multi-cavity bottles B65D0001060000 with closable apertures at bottom B65D0001080000 adapted to discharge drops (droppers B65D0047180000);; B65D0001100000 Jars, e.g. for preserving foodstuffs B65D0001120000 Cans, casks, barrels, or drums B65D0001140000 characterised by shape B65D0001160000 of curved cross-section, e.g. cylindrical B65D0001180000 of polygonal cross-section B65D0001200000 characterised by location or arrangement of filling or discharge apertures B65D0001220000 Boxes or like containers with side walls of substantial depth for enclosing contents B65D0001240000 with moulded compartments or partitions B65D0001260000 Thin-walled containers, e.g. formed by deep-drawing operations B65D0001280000 formed of laminated material B65D0001300000 Groups of containers joined together end-to-end or side-by-side B65D0001320000 Containers adapted to be temporarily deformed by external pressure to expel contents (for containers with disinfecting linings A61L0003000000;liquid-sprayers per B05B; oil cans F16N0003000000) B65D0001340000 Trays or like shallow containers B65D0001360000 with moulded compartments or partitions B65D0001380000 Baskets or like containers of skeleton or apertured construction B65D0001400000 Details of walls (other container details B65D0023000000, B65D0025000000);; B65D0001420000 Reinforcing or strengthening parts or members B65D0001440000 Corrugations B65D0001460000 Local reinforcements, e.g. adjacent closures B65D0001480000 Reinforcements of dissimilar materials, e.g. metal frames in plastic walls B65D0003000000 Containers having bodies or peripheral walls of curved or partially-curved cross-section made by winding or bending paper without folding along defined lines (with end walls of different materials B65D0015000000);; B65D0003020000 characterised by shape B65D0003040000 essentially cylindrical B65D0003060000 essentially conical or frusto-conical B65D0003080000 having a cross-section of varying shape, e.g. circular merging into square or rectangular B65D0003100000 characterised by form of integral or permanently-secured end closure B65D0003120000 Flanged discs permanently secured, e.g. by adhesives, by heat-sealing B65D0003140000 Discs fitting within container end and secured by bending, rolling, or folding operations B65D0003160000 Discs without flanges engaging a groove in the container body B65D0003180000 and secured by rolling in the end of the body B65D0003200000 with end portion of body adapted to be closed, by flattening or folding operations, e.g. formed with crease lines or flaps B65D0003220000 with double walls; with walls incorporating air-chambers; with walls made of laminated material B65D0003240000 with several compartments B65D0003260000 Opening arrangements or devices incorporated in, or attached to, containers B65D0003280000 Other details of walls B65D0003300000 Local reinforcements, e.g. metallic rims B65D0005000000 Containers of polygonal cross-section, e.g. boxes, cartons, trays, formed by folding or erecting one or more blanks made of paper (pallets B65D0019000000, forming foldable or erectable blanks B31B);; B65D0005020000 by folding or erecting a single blank to form a tubular body with or without subsequent folding operations, or the addition of separate elements, to close the ends of the body (B65D0005360000 takes precedence);; B65D0005040000 the tubular body having no end closures (shells of drawer-and-shell boxes or cartons B65D0005380000);; B65D0005060000 with end-closing or contents-supporting elements formed by folding inwardly a wall extending from, and continuously around, an end of the tubular body B65D0005080000 with end closures formed by inward-folding of portions of body, e.g. flaps, interconnected by, or incorporating, gusset folds (by inward-folding of a wall extending continuously around an end of the body and incorporating gusset folds B65D0005060000);; B65D0005100000 with end closures formed by inward-folding of self-locking flaps hinged to tubular body B65D0005120000 with end closures formed seperately from tubular body B65D0005140000 with inset end closures B65D0005160000 the tubular body being formed with an aperture or removable portion arranged to allow removal or insertion of contents through one or more sides (contents-dispensing means B65D0005720000);; B65D0005180000 by folding a single blank to U-shape to form the base of the box or carton and opposite sides of the body portion, the remaining sides being formed primarily by extensions of one or more of these opposite sides, e.g. flaps hinged thereto (B65D0005360000 takes precedence);; B65D0005200000 by folding-up portions connected to a central panel from all sides to form a container body, e.g. of tray-like form (B65D0005360000 takes precedence);; B65D0005220000 Boxes, cartons, or trays held erect by extensions of one or more sides being doubled-over to enclose extensions of adjacent sides B65D0005240000 Boxes, cartons, or trays with adjacent sides interconnected by gusset folds B65D0005260000 Boxes, cartons, or trays with extensions of opposite sides mutually interlocking to lie against other sides B65D0005280000 Boxes, cartons, or trays with extensions of sides permanently secured to adjacent sides, with sides permanently secured together by adhesive strips, or with sides held in place solely by rigidity of material B65D0005300000 Boxes, cartons, or trays with tongue-and-slot or like connections between sides and extensions of other sides B65D0005320000 Boxes, cartons, or trays having bodies formed by folding and interconnecting two or more blanks (B65D0005360000 takes precedence);; B65D0005340000 one blank forming three sides of the body, and the other blank forming the remaining sides, a hinged lid, and the opposite end closure B65D0005360000 Boxes, cartons, or trays specially constructed to allow collapsing and re-erecting without disengagement of side or bottom connections B65D0005380000 Drawer-and-shell type boxes or cartons B65D0005400000 Containers specially constructed to contain liquids B65D0005420000 Details of containers or of foldable or erectable container blanks B65D0005440000 Integral or attached portions forming internal or external fittings B65D0005460000 Handles B65D0005480000 Partitions B65D0005500000 Internal supporting or protecting elements for contents (elements formed by inward-folding of a wall extending from, and continuously around, an end of a tubular body B65D0005060000;partitions B65D0005480000) B65D0005520000 External stands or display elements for contents B65D0005540000 Lines of weakness to facilitate opening of container or dividing it into separate parts by cutting or tearing (break-in flaps, or members adapted to be torn-off, to provide pouring openings B65D0005700000);; B65D0005560000 Linings or internal coatings B65D0005580000 Linings spaced appreciably from container wall B65D0005600000 Loose linings B65D0005620000 External coverings or coatings B65D0005640000 Lids B65D0005660000 Hinged lids (B65D0005340000 takes precedence);; B65D0005680000 Telescope flanged lids B65D0005700000 Break-in flaps, or members adapted to be torn-off, to provide pouring openings (B65D0005740000 takes precedence);; B65D0005720000 Contents-dispensing means B65D0005740000 Spouts B65D0005760000 for discharging metered quantities B65D0007000000 Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of metal (specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing, or tearing of wall portions B65D0017000000;pallets B65D0019000000) B65D0007020000 characterised by shape B65D0007040000 of curved cross-section, e.g. cans of circular or elliptical cross-section B65D0007060000 of polygonal cross-section, e.g. tins, boxes B65D0007080000 Trays or like containers without lids B65D0007100000 of drawer-and-shell type B65D0007120000 characterised by wall construction or by connections between walls B65D0007140000 of skeleton or like apertured construction, e.g. baskets or carriers formed of wire mesh, of interconnected bands, bars or rods, or of perforated sheet metal B65D0007160000 made of apertured or perforated sheet metal components B65D0007180000 made up interconnected spaced bands B65D0007200000 made of wire B65D0007220000 with double walls, e.g. double end walls B65D0007240000 collapsible, e.g. with all parts detachable B65D0007260000 with all parts hinged together B65D0007280000 with some parts detachable and other parts hinged together B65D0007300000 Fastening devices for holding collapsible containers in erected state, e.g. integral with container walls B65D0007320000 separate from container walls B65D0007340000 with permanent connections between walls (permanent connections between walls for closing containers after filling B65D0017060000);; B65D0007360000 formed by rolling, or by rolling and pressing B65D0007380000 formed by soldering, welding, or otherwise uniting opposed surfaces B65D0007400000 with walls formed with filling or emptying apertures B65D0007420000 Details of metal walls (other container details B65D0023000000, B65D0025000000);; B65D0007440000 Reinforcing or strengthening parts of members B65D0007460000 Corrugations B65D0007480000 Local reinforcements, e.g. adjacent closures B65D0009000000 Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of wood or substitutes therefor B65D0009020000 Containers of curved cross-section, e.g. cylindrical boxes B65D0009040000 made up of staves, e.g. barrels for liquids B65D0009060000 Boxes or crates of polygonal cross-section B65D0009080000 of drawer-and-shell type B65D0009100000 Baskets or like containers made of interwoven or intermeshing flexible wooden material or by attaching thin wooden strips to a supporting framework B65D0009120000 collapsible, e.g. with all parts detachable B65D0009140000 with all parts hinged together B65D0009160000 wire-bound boxes B65D0009180000 with some parts detachable and other parts hinged together B65D0009200000 wire-bound boxes B65D0009220000 Fastening devices for holding collapsible containers in erected state, e.g. integral with container walls B65D0009240000 separate from container walls B65D0009260000 with double end walls, e.g. double bottoms B65D0009280000 with bottoms movable under influence of contents B65D0009300000 Applications of laminates as wall material, e.g. plywood B65D0009320000 Details of wooden walls; Connections between walls (other container details B65D0023000000, B65D0025000000;connections between walls and non-removable lids or covers B65D0043140000) B65D0009340000 Joints; Local reinforcements B65D0009360000 Battens B65D0009380000 Metal bands or strips B65D0011000000 Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of plastics material (specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing, or tearing of wall portions B65D0017000000;pallets B65D0019000000) B65D0011020000 of curved cross-section B65D0011040000 Bottles or similar containers with necks or like restricted apertures designed for pouring contents B65D0011060000 Drums or barrels B65D0011080000 Arrangements of filling or discharging apertures B65D0011100000 of polygonal cross-section B65D0011120000 of drawer-and-shell type B65D0011140000 of skeleton or apertured construction e.g. baskets or carriers made up of interconnected spaced bands, rods, or strips B65D0011160000 with double walls B65D0011180000 collapsible, i.e. with walls hinged together or detachably connected B65D0011200000 Details of walls made of plastics material B65D0011220000 Reinforcing for strengthening parts of members B65D0011240000 Corrugation B65D0011260000 Local reinforcements, e.g. adjacent to closures B65D0011280000 Metal reinforcements, e.g. metal frames B65D0013000000 Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of the same material, other than metal, wood or plastics, or of unspecified materials (pallets B65D0019000000);; B65D0013020000 of glass, pottery, or other ceramic material B65D0013040000 of paper (by winding, bending, or folding paper B65D0003000000, B65D0005000000);; B65D0013060000 Drawer-and-shell type cartons B65D0015000000 Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting or uniting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, sections made of different materials (specially constructed to be opened by cutting, piercing, or tearing of wall portions B65D0017000000;pallets B65D0019000000) B65D0015020000 of curved, or partially curved, cross-section, e.g. cans, drums B65D0015040000 with curved, or partially curved, wall made by winding or bending paper B65D0015060000 with end walls made of metal B65D0015080000 with end walls made of plastics material B65D0015100000 with curved, or partially curved, wall made of metal B65D0015120000 with end walls made of paper B65D0015140000 with end walls made of plastics material B65D0015160000 with curved, or partially curved, wall made of plastics material B65D0015180000 with end walls made of metal B65D0015200000 with end walls made of paper B65D0015220000 of polygonal cross-section B65D0015240000 Connections between walls B65D0017000000 Containers specially constructed to be opened by cutting or piercing, or tearing of wall portions, e.g. preserving cans or tins (made by winding, bending or folding paper B65D0003000000, B65D0005000000;with frangible inner closure members associated with caps, lids or covers B65D0051200000) B65D0017020000 of curved cross-section, e.g. cans of circular or elliptical cross-section B65D0017040000 of polygonal cross-section B65D0017060000 Integral, or permanently secured, end or side closures B65D0017080000 Closures secured by folding or rolling and pressing B65D0017100000 with interposed packing rings B65D0017120000 Closures secured by soldering, welding, or otherwise uniting opposed surfaces B65D0017140000 by cold or hot pressing of plastic sealing material B65D0017160000 Opening arrangements or devices incorporated in, or attached to, containers B65D0017180000 Attached can-cutting devices B65D0017200000 Tearing-strips or -wires B65D0017220000 with tongues or tags for engagement by slotted keys B65D0017240000 Lines of weakness B65D0017260000 Attachments of slotted keys to preserving cans or tins B65D0019000000 Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered (in devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes B66F0009120000);; B65D0019020000 Rigid pallets with side walls, e.g. box pallets B65D0019040000 with bodies moulded or otherwise fabricated in one piece B65D0019060000 with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components B65D0019080000 made wholly or mainly of metal B65D0019100000 of skeleton construction, e.g. made of wire B65D0019120000 Collapsible pallets B65D0019140000 made wholly or mainly of wood B65D0019160000 Collapsible pallets B65D0019180000 made wholly or mainly of plastics material B65D0019200000 made wholly or mainly of paper B65D0019220000 Rigid pallets without side walls B65D0019240000 with bodies moulded or otherwise fabricated in one piece B65D0019260000 with bodies formed by uniting or interconnecting two or more components B65D0019280000 made wholly or mainly of metal B65D0019300000 of skeleton construction, e.g. made of wire B65D0019320000 made wholly or mainly of plastics material B65D0019340000 made wholly or mainly of paper B65D0019360000 Pallets comprising a flexible load carrier extending between guide elements, e.g. guide tubes B65D0019380000 Details or accessories B65D0019400000 Elements for spacing platforms from supporting surface B65D0019420000 Arrangements or applications of rollers or wheels B65D0019440000 Elements or devices for locating articles on platforms B65D0021000000 Nestable or stackable containers; Containers of variable capacity B65D0021020000 Containers specially shaped, or provided with fittings or attachments, to facilitate nesting, stacking, or joining together end-to-end or side-by-side B65D0021040000 Open-ended containers shaped to be nested when empty and to be superposed when full B65D0021060000 with movable parts adapted to be placed in alternative positions for nesting the containers when empty and for stacking them when full B65D0021080000 Containers of variable capacity B65D0023000000 Details of bottles or jars not otherwise provided for (closure-securing elements B65D0045000000);; B65D0023020000 Linings or internal coatings B65D0023040000 Means for mixing or for promoting flow of contents (hydrodynamic means for influencing the flow of liquids F15D);; B65D0023060000 Integral drip catchers or drip-preventing means B65D0023080000 Coverings or external coatings (wrappers B65D0065000000);; B65D0023100000 Handles B65D0023120000 Means for the attachment of smaller articles B65D0023140000 of tags B65D0023160000 of thermometers (feeding bottles with thermometers A61J0009020000);; B65D0025000000 Details of other kinds or types of rigid or semi-rigid containers B65D0025020000 Internal fittings (of containers made by folding or erecting blanks made of paper B65D0005440000);; B65D0025040000 Partitions B65D0025060000 adapted to be fitted in two or more alternative positions B65D0025080000 with provisions for removing or destroying, e.g. to facilitate mixing of contents B65D0025100000 Devices to locate articles in containers B65D0025120000 Devices for protecting contents against shock B65D0025140000 Linings or internal coatings (of containers made by folding or erecting blanks made of paper B65D0005560000);; B65D0025160000 Loose, or loosely-attached, linings B65D0025180000 spaced appreciably from container wall B65D0025200000 External fittings (of containers made by folding or erecting blanks made of paper B65D0005440000);; B65D0025220000 for facilitating lifting or suspending of containers B65D0025240000 for spacing bases of containers from supporting surfaces, e.g. legs (for pallets B65D0019400000);; B65D0025260000 Devices for protecting contents against shock B65D0025280000 Handles (of containers made by folding or erecting blanks made of paper B65D0005460000;of bottles or jars B65D0023100000) B65D0025300000 Hand holes B65D0025320000 Bail handles, i.e. pivoted handles of generally semi-circular shape B65D0025340000 Coverings or external coatings (of containers made by folding or erecting blanks made of paper B65D0005620000;for bottles or jars B65D0023080000; wrappers B65D0065000000) B65D0025360000 formed by applying sheet material B65D0025380000 Devices for discharging contents (incorporated in removable or non-permanently-secured closure members B65D0047000000;for discharging thin flat articles B65D0083080000) B65D0025400000 Nozzles or spouts (in general B05B);; B65D0025420000 Integral or attached nozzles or spouts B65D0025440000 Telescopic or retractable nozzles or spouts B65D0025460000 Hinged or pivoted nozzles or spouts B65D0025480000 Separable nozzles or spouts B65D0025500000 arranged to be plugged in two alternate positions B65D0025520000 Devices for discharging successive articles or portions of contents B65D0025540000 Inspection openings or windows B65D0025560000 with means for indicating level of contents B65D0027000000 Envelopes or like essentially-rectangular containers for postal or other purposes having no structural provision for thickness of contents (letter-cards B42D0015000000);; B65D0027020000 with stiffening inserts B65D0027040000 with apertures or windows for viewing contents B65D0027060000 with provisions for repeated re-use B65D0027080000 with two or more compartments B65D0027100000 Chains of interconnected envelopes B65D0027120000 Closures (separate fasteners B42F0001000000);; B65D0027140000 using adhesive applied to integral parts, e.g. flaps B65D0027160000 using pressure-sensitive adhesive B65D0027180000 using heat-activatable adhesive B65D0027200000 using self-locking integral or attached elements B65D0027220000 Tongue-and-slot or like closures; Tuck-in flaps B65D0027240000 String closures B65D0027260000 Deformable metallic elements B65D0027280000 Applications of separate closing elements B65D0027300000 with special means for indicating unauthorized opening B65D0027320000 Opening devices incorporated during envelope manufacture (incorporated during closing of envelope B43M0005000000;devices for opening envelopes B43M0007000000) B65D0027340000 Lines of weakness B65D0027360000 Finger openings, slots, or gripping tabs B65D0027380000 Tearing-strings or -strips B65D0029000000 Sacks or like containers made of fabrics; Flexible containers of open-work, e.g. net-like construction B65D0029020000 Sacks with laminated or multiple walls B65D0029040000 Net-like containers made of plastics material B65D0031000000 Bags or like containers made of paper and having structural provision for thickness of contents B65D0031020000 with laminated walls B65D0031040000 with multiple walls B65D0031060000 with rigid end walls B65D0031080000 with block bottoms B65D0031100000 with gusetted sides B65D0031120000 with two or more compartments B65D0031140000 Valve bags B65D0031160000 of special shape B65D0031180000 Triangular or conical bags B65D0033000000 Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags B65D0033020000 Local reinforcements or stiffening inserts B65D0033040000 Windows or other apertures, e.g. for viewing contents B65D0033060000 Handles B65D0033080000 Hand holes B65D0033100000 formed of similar material to that used for the bag B65D0033120000 String handles B65D0033140000 Suspension means (handles B65D0033060000);; B65D0033160000 End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices (valves of valve bags B65D0031140000;removable stoppers or caps B65D0039000000, B65D0041000000; closures of filled bags B65D0077100000; closing filled bags in association with packaging B65B0007000000, B65B0051000000) B65D0033180000 using adhesive applied to integral parts, e.g. to flaps B65D0033200000 using pressure-sensitive adhesive B65D0033220000 using heat-activatable adhesive B65D0033240000 using self-locking integral or attached closure elements, e.g. flaps B65D0033260000 using staples or stitches B65D0033280000 String closures B65D0033300000 Deformable or resilient metal or like strips or bands B65D0033320000 Metallic chain closures B65D0033340000 with special means for indicating unauthorized opening B65D0033360000 Means for discharging contents B65D0033380000 Spouts B65D0035000000 Pliable tubular containers adapted to be permanently deformed to expel contents, e.g. collapsible tubes for toothpaste or other plastic or semi-liquid material; Holders therefor B65D0035020000 Body construction B65D0035040000 made in one piece B65D0035060000 from metallic material B65D0035080000 from plastics material B65D0035100000 made by uniting or interconnecting two or more components B65D0035120000 Connections between body and closure-receiving bush B65D0035140000 with linings or inserts B65D0035160000 for minimising or preventing corrosion of body B65D0035180000 for keeping body in rolled state after partial expulsion of contents B65D0035200000 for retracting contents B65D0035220000 with two or more compartments B65D0035240000 with auxiliary devices (linings or inserts B65D0035140000);; B65D0035260000 for filling B65D0035280000 for expelling contents B65D0035300000 Pistons B65D0035320000 Winding keys B65D0035340000 connected to, or associated with, tube holders B65D0035360000 for applying contents to surfaces (brushes combined or associated with tubular containers A46B0011000000);; B65D0035380000 Nozzles B65D0035400000 for metering discharge B65D0035420000 for preventing loss of removable closure members B65D0035440000 Closures (closure members of interest apart from this application B65D0039000000-B65D0055000000; forming bottom closures after filling B65B0007140000) B65D0035460000 with valves B65D0035480000 Hand-operated valves B65D0035500000 opening when tubular containers is deformed B65D0035520000 Slits B65D0035540000 opening when closure is pressed against a surface to which contents are applied (nozzles B65D0035380000);; B65D0035560000 Holders for collapsible tubes B65D0037000000 Portable flexible containers not otherwise provided for B65D0039000000 Closures arranged within necks or pouring openings or in discharge apertures, e.g. stoppers (lids or covers B65D0043000000;with additional securing elements B65D0045000000) B65D0039020000 Disc closures (discs with flanges B65D0039040000);; B65D0039040000 Cup-shaped plugs or like hollow flanged members B65D0039060000 Balls B65D0039080000 Threaded and like closure members secured by rotation; Bushes therefor B65D0039100000 with bayonet cams B65D0039120000 expansible, e.g. inflatable B65D0039140000 extending through lateral openings in necks B65D0039160000 with handles or other special means facilitating manual actuation B65D0039180000 with anti-friction or wear-resistant coatings or coverings B65D0041000000 Caps, e.g. crown caps, crown seals, i.e. members having parts arranged for engagement with the external periphery of a neck or wall defining a pouring opening or discharge aperture; Protective cap-like covers for closure members, e.g. decorative covers of metal foil or paper (B65D0045000000 takes precedence;combinations of caps and protective cap-like covers B65D0051180000; making closures by working metal sheet B21D0051440000; affixing labels B65C0003060000) B65D0041020000 Caps or cap-like covers without lines of weakness, tearing strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices B65D0041040000 Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers secured by rotation B65D0041060000 with bayonet cams B65D0041080000 engaging a threaded ring clamped on the external periphery of the neck or wall B65D0041100000 Caps or cap-like covers adapted to be secured in position by permanent deformation of the wall-engaging parts B65D0041120000 made of relatively-stiff metallic materials, e.g. crown caps B65D0041140000 made of metallic foil or like thin flexible material B65D0041160000 Snap-on caps or cap-like covers B65D0041180000 non-metallic, e.g. made of paper or plastics B65D0041200000 Caps or cap-like covers with membranes, e.g. arranged to be pierced B65D0041220000 Caps or cap-like covers with elastic parts adapted to be stretched over the container B65D0041240000 Caps or cap-like covers made of shrinkable material or formed ; in situ by dipping, e.g. using gelatine or celluloid B65D0041260000 Caps or cap-like covers serving as, or incorporating, drinking or measuring vessels B65D0041280000 Caps combined with stoppers B65D0041300000 Deformable caps combined with resilient stoppers to permit re-use as temporary closures B65D0041320000 Caps or cap-like covers with lines of weakness, tearing-strips, tags, or like opening or removal devices, e.g. to facilitate formation of pouring openings B65D0041340000 Threaded or like caps or cap-like covers B65D0041360000 with bayonet cams B65D0041380000 engaging a threaded ring clamped on the external periphery of the neck or wall B65D0041400000 Caps or cap-like covers adapted to be secured in position by permanent deformation of the wall-engaging parts B65D0041420000 made of relatively-stiff metallic material, e.g. crown caps B65D0041440000 made of metallic foil or like thin flexible material B65D0041460000 Snap-on caps or cap-like covers B65D0041480000 non-metallic, e.g. made of paper, plastics B65D0041500000 Caps or cap-like covers with membranes, e.g. arranged to be pierced B65D0041520000 Caps or cap-like covers with elastic parts adapted to be stretched over the container B65D0041540000 Caps or cap-like covers made of shrinkable material or formed ; in situ by dipping, e.g. using gelatine, celluloid B65D0041560000 Caps or cap-like covers serving as, or incorporating, drinking or measuring vessels B65D0041580000 Caps or cap-like covers combined with stoppers B65D0041600000 Deformable caps combined with resilient stoppers to permit re-use as temporary closures B65D0041620000 Secondary protective cap-like outer covers for closure members (arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures B65D0051180000);; B65D0043000000 Lids or covers essentially for box-like containers (for cooking vessels A47J0036060000;covers in general F16J0013000000) B65D0043020000 Removable lids or covers (with means for piercing, cutting, or tearing a frangible inner closure B65D0051220000);; B65D0043040000 having a part, or parts, engaging within the mouth of the container and retained by friction or gravity B65D0043060000 having a peripheral channel embracing the rim of the container B65D0043080000 having a peripheral flange fitting over the rim of the container B65D0043100000 and retained by snapping over beads or projections B65D0043120000 guided for removal by sliding B65D0043140000 Non-removable lids or covers B65D0043160000 hinged for upward or downward movement (hinges of door or similar type E05D);; B65D0043180000 pivoted for movement in plane of container mouth B65D0043200000 linearly slidable B65D0043220000 Non-integral devices for holding in closed position, e.g. clips B65D0043240000 Devices for retaining in open position B65D0043260000 Mechanisms for opening or closing, e.g. pedal-operated B65D0045000000 Clamping or other pressure-applying devices for securing or retaining closure members (screw-threaded or bayonet connections between stoppers or caps and containers B65D0039080000, B65D0041040000, B65D0041340000;internal expanders for stoppers B65D0039120000; in general F16J0013000000) B65D0045020000 for applying axial pressure to engage closure with sealing surface B65D0045040000 comprising U-shaped or bifurcated members coacting with containers, e.g. pivoted bails B65D0045060000 associated with toggle levers, e.g. swing stopper arrangements (forming levers or links by working wire B21F0045040000);; B65D0045080000 incorporating springs B65D0045100000 incorporating tightening screws B65D0045120000 associated with locking levers engaging rack teeth for varying the applied pressure B65D0045140000 coacting with inclined grooves in container wall for varying the applied pressure B65D0045160000 Clips, hooks, or clamps, e.g. C-shaped (U-shaped or bifurcated members B65D0045040000);; B65D0045180000 of snap-over type B65D0045200000 pivoted B65D0045220000 resilient B65D0045240000 incorporating pressure-applying means, e.g. screws, toggles B65D0045260000 incorporating tensioning chains B65D0045280000 Elongated members, e.g. leaf springs, located substantially at right angles to closure axis and acting between the face of the closure and abutments on container B65D0045300000 Annular members, e.g. with snap-over action, screw-threaded B65D0045320000 for applying radial pressure, e.g. contractible bands encircling closure member B65D0045340000 lever-operated B65D0047000000 Closures with filling and discharging, or with discharging, devices (dispensers for liquid soap A47K0005120000;desk equipment for applying liquid by contact with surfaces B43M0011000000; fluid delivery valves in general F16K0021000000) B65D0047020000 for initially filling and for preventing subsequent refilling B65D0047040000 Closures with discharging devices other than pumps B65D0047060000 with pouring spouts or tubes; with discharge nozzles or passages (with slidable spouts B65D0047260000);; B65D0047080000 having articulated or hinged closures B65D0047100000 having frangible closures B65D0047120000 having removable closures B65D0047140000 and closure-retaining means B65D0047160000 with closures operating automatically when spout is immersed in discharged liquid B65D0047180000 for discharging drops; Droppers (droppers in general B01L);; B65D0047200000 comprising hand-operated members for controlling discharge (B65D0047340000 takes precedence);; B65D0047220000 operating with pinching action on flexible tubes B65D0047240000 with poppet valves B65D0047260000 with slide valves, e.g. formed with slidable spouts B65D0047280000 having linear movement B65D0047300000 with plug valves B65D0047320000 with openings supplying air or gas to the liquid being poured B65D0047340000 Closures with discharge by pumping B65D0047360000 Closures with frangible parts adapted to be pierced, torn, or removed, to provide discharge openings (B65D0051180000 takes precedence);; B65D0047380000 with piercing means arranged to act subsequently as a valve to control the opening B65D0047400000 with drip catchers or drip-preventing means B65D0047420000 with pads or like contents-applying means (brushes combined or associated with containers A46B0011000000);; B65D0047440000 combined with slits opening when container is deformed or when pad is pressed against surface to which contents are to be applied B65D0049000000 Arrangements or devices for preventing refilling of containers (integral, or permanently secured, closures for containers specially adapted to be opened by cutting, piercing, or tearing of wall portions B65D0017060000;for initial filling and for preventing subsequent refilling B65D0047020000) B65D0049020000 One-way valves B65D0049040000 Weighted valves B65D0049060000 with additional loading weights B65D0049080000 Spring-loaded valves B65D0049100000 Arrangements of several valves B65D0049120000 by destroying, in the act of opening the container, an integral portion thereof B65D0051000000 Closures not otherwise provided for (covers or similar closures as engineering elements F16J0013000000);; B65D0051020000 Loosely-engaging lids or covers for jars, cans, or like containers for liquids without means for effecting sealing of container (for cooking-vessels A47J0036060000);; B65D0051040000 hinged (B65D0051100000 takes precedence);; B65D0051060000 collapsible B65D0051080000 with axial projections fitting within, or around, the walls defining the openings, e.g. for milk churns B65D0051100000 opening automatically when container is tilted for pouring B65D0051120000 Flexible non-elastic covers B65D0051140000 Rigid discs or spherical members adapted to be held in sealing engagement with mouth of container, e.g. closure plates for preserving jars B65D0051160000 with means for venting air or gas B65D0051180000 Arrangements of closures with protective outer cap-like covers or of two or more co-operating closures B65D0051200000 Caps, lids, or covers co-operating with an inner closure arranged to be opened by piercing, cutting, or tearing B65D0051220000 having means for piercing, cutting, or tearing the inner closure B65D0051240000 combined with auxiliary devices for non-closing purposes B65D0051260000 with contents locators, e.g. resilient devices B65D0051280000 with auxiliary containers for additonal articles or materials B65D0051300000 for desiccators B65D0051320000 with brushes or rods for applying or stirring contents (droppers B65D0047180000);; B65D0053000000 Sealing or packing elements (sealings in general F16J0015000000);;Sealings formed by liquid or plastics material B65D0053020000 Collars or rings B65D0053040000 Discs B65D0053060000 Sealings formed by liquid or plastic material B65D0053080000 Flexible adhesive strips adapted to seal filling or discharging apertures B65D0053100000 characterised by special adaptation to acid-proof vessels B65D0055000000 Accessories for container closures not otherwise provided for B65D0055020000 Locking devices; Means for discouraging or indicating unauthorized opening or removal of closure (protective covers for bottles B65D0023080000;protective cap-like outer covers for bottle or jar closures B65D0041280000; pressure-applying means B65D0045000000) B65D0055040000 Spring clips, e.g. of wire, of sheet metal B65D0055060000 Deformable or tearable wires, strings, or strips; Use of seals (applying labels to bottles B65C0003060000, B65C0009000000;seals per G09F0003000000) B65D0055080000 Annular elements encircling container necks B65D0055100000 Locking pins B65D0055120000 Devices or means with relatively-moving parts co-operating with abutments on bottle or jar (applications of locks B65D0055140000);; B65D0055140000 Applications of locks, e.g. of permutation or key-controlled locks B65D0055160000 Devices preventing loss of removable closure members B65D0057000000 Internal frames or supports for flexible articles, e.g. stiffeners; Separators for articles packaged in stacks or groups, e.g. for preventing adhesion of sticky articles B65D0059000000 Plugs, sleeves, caps, or like rigid or semi-rigid elements for protecting parts of articles or for bundling articles, e.g. protectors for screw-threads, corner protectors, end caps for tubes or for bundling rod-shaped articles B65D0059020000 Plugs B65D0059040000 Sleeves, e.g. postal tubes B65D0059060000 Caps B65D0059080000 of polygonal cross-section B65D0061000000 External frames or supports adapted to be assembled around, or applied to, articles (collapsible containers B65D0005000000, B65D0007240000, B65D0009120000, B65D0011180000);; B65D0061020000 Tubular frames with resilient joints B65D0063000000 Flexible elongated elements, e.g straps for bundling or supporting articles B65D0063020000 Metallic straps, tapes, or bands; Joints between ends thereof B65D0063040000 Joints produced by deformation of ends of elements B65D0063060000 Joints produced by application of separate securing members, e.g. by deformation thereof B65D0063080000 Joints using buckles, wedges, or like locking members attached to the ends of the elements B65D0063100000 Non-metallic straps, tapes, or bands; Filamentary elements, e.g. strings, threads, wires; Joints between ends thereof B65D0063120000 Joints produced by deformation or tying of ends of elements B65D0063140000 Joints produced by application of separate securing members B65D0063160000 Joints using buckles, wedges, or like locking members attached to the end of the element B65D0063180000 Elements provided with handles or other suspension means B65D0065000000 Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form (layered products per B32B;materials per, see the relevant classes); B65D0065020000 Wrappers or flexible covers B65D0065040000 non-rectangular B65D0065060000 formed with foldable flaps, e.g. interlocking flaps B65D0065080000 with fastening elements, e.g. slide fasteners B65D0065100000 rectangular B65D0065120000 formed with crease lines to facilitate folding B65D0065140000 with areas coated with adhesive B65D0065160000 with provision for excluding or admitting light B65D0065180000 with some areas transparent and others opaque B65D0065200000 with provision for excluding light of a particular wavelength B65D0065220000 Details B65D0065240000 Tabs or other projections for locating contents B65D0065260000 Opening devices B65D0065280000 Perforations or lines of weakness B65D0065300000 Slits, slots, or cuts B65D0065320000 Tabs or like projections for gripping by the fingers B65D0065340000 Attached tearing-strings or like flexible elements B65D0065360000 Reinforcements to guide tearing B65D0065380000 Packaging materials of special type or form B65D0065400000 Applications of laminates for particular packaging purposes B65D0065420000 Applications of coated or impregnated materials B65D0065440000 Applications of resilient chock-absorbing materials, e.g. foamed plastics material, honeycomb material B65D0067000000 Kinds or types of packaging elements not otherwise provided for B65D0067020000 Clips or clamps for holding articles together for convenience of storage or transport B65D0069000000 Articles joined together for convenience of storage or transport without the use of packaging elements (joining articles for convenience of packaging B65B0017020000);; B65D0071000000 Bundles of articles held together by packaging elements for convenience of storage or transport; Bales of material (binding of hay or straw A01D, A01F0001000000;bundling or baling B65B0027000000) B65D0071020000 Arrangements of flexible binders B65D0071040000 with protecting or supporting elements arranged between binder and articles or materials, e.g. for preventing chafing of binder B65D0073000000 Packages comprising articles attached to cards, sheets, or webs (cards for buttons, collar-studs, or sleeve-links A44B0007000000;attaching articles to cards, sheets, or webs B65B0015000000) B65D0073020000 Articles, e.g. small electrical components, attached to webs B65D0075000000 Packages comprising articles or materials partially or wholly enclosed in strips, sheets, blanks, tubes, or webs of flexible sheet material, e.g. in folded wrappers (wrapping B65B0011000000);; B65D0075020000 Articles partially enclosed in folded or wound strips or sheets, e.g. wrapped newspapers B65D0075040000 Articles or materials wholly enclosed in single sheets or wrapper blanks B65D0075060000 in sheets or blanks initially folded to form tubes B65D0075080000 with the ends of the tube closed by folding B65D0075100000 with the ends of the tube closed by twisting B65D0075120000 with the ends of the tube closed by flattening and heat-sealing B65D0075140000 in sheets or blanks folded-up around all sides of the contents from a portion on which the contents are placed B65D0075160000 the upstanding portion of the wrapper being closed by twisting B65D0075180000 the upstanding portion of the wrapper being closed by regular or irregular folds or pleats, e.g. bunch-wrapped packages B65D0075200000 in sheets or blanks doubled around contents and having their opposed free margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding B65D0075220000 the sheet or blank being recessed to accommodate contents B65D0075240000 and formed with several recesses to accommodate a series of articles or quantities of material B65D0075260000 Articles or materials wholly enclosed in laminated sheets or wrapper blanks B65D0075280000 Articles or materials wholly enclosed in composite wrappers, i.e. wrappers formed by associating or interconnecting two or more sheets or blanks B65D0075300000 Articles or materials enclosed between two opposed sheets or blanks having their margins united, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, crimping, heat-sealing, or welding B65D0075320000 one or both sheets or blanks being recessed to accommodate contents B65D0075340000 and having several recesses to accommodate a series of articles or quantities of material B65D0075360000 one sheet or blank being recessed and the other formed of relatively stiff flat sheet material, e.g. blister packages B65D0075380000 Articles or materials enclosed in two or more wrappers disposed one inside the other B65D0075400000 Packages formed by enclosing successive articles, or increments of material, in webs, e.g. folded or tubular webs, or by subdividing tubes filled with liquid, semi-liquid, or plastic materials B65D0075420000 Chains of interconnected packages B65D0075440000 Individual packages cut from webs or tubes B65D0075460000 containing articles B65D0075480000 containing liquids, semiliquids, or pastes, e.g. cushion-shaped packages B65D0075500000 Tetrahedral packages B65D0075520000 Details B65D0075540000 Cards, coupons, or other inserts or accessories (opening devices B65D0075700000);; B65D0075560000 Handles or other suspension means B65D0075580000 Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during package manufacture B65D0075600000 Weakened closure seams B65D0075620000 Cuts or perforations, e.g. in closure seams B65D0075640000 Tabs formed by unsecured portion of wrapper B65D0075660000 Inserted or applied tearing-strings or like flexible elements B65D0075680000 extending through wrapper closure or between wrapper layers B65D0075700000 Rigid cutting or tearing devices B65D0077000000 Packages formed by enclosing articles or materials in preformed containers, e.g. boxes, cartons, sacks, bags B65D0077020000 Wrapped articles enclosed in rigid or semi-rigid containers B65D0077040000 Articles or materials enclosed in two or more containers disposed one within another B65D0077060000 Liquids or semiliquids enclosed in flexible containers disposed within rigid containers B65D0077080000 Materials, e.g. different materials, enclosed in separate compartments formed during filling of a single container B65D0077100000 Container closures formed after filling B65D0077120000 by collapsing and flattening the mouth portion of the container and securing without folding, e.g. by pressure-sensitive adhesive, heat-sealing, welding, applying a separate securing member B65D0077140000 by flattening and subsequently folding or rolling the mouth portion B65D0077160000 by collapsing and twisting mouth portion B65D0077180000 and securing by a deformable clip or binder B65D0077200000 by applying separate lids or covers B65D0077220000 Details B65D0077240000 Inserts or accessories added or incorporated during filling of containers (opening devices B65D0077300000);; B65D0077260000 Elements or devices for locating or protecting articles B65D0077280000 Cards, coupons, or drinking straws B65D0077300000 Opening or contents-removing devices added or incorporated during filling or closing of containers B65D0077320000 Tearing-strings or like flexible elements B65D0077340000 enclosed in a mouth seal B65D0077360000 disposed beneath a wrapper, label, or other element of sheet material securing a lid, cover, or container mouth B65D0077380000 Weakened closure seams B65D0077400000 Rigid cutting or tearing devices B65D0079000000 Kinds or details of packages, not otherwise provided for B65D0079020000 Arrangements or devices for indicating incorrect storage or transport (measuring devices G01);; B65D0081000000 Containers, packaging elements, or packages, for contents presenting particular transport or storage problems, or adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents B65D0081020000 for packaging articles particularly sensitive to shock or mechanical pressure (shock-absorbers of interest apart from this application F16F);; B65D0081040000 Shock-absorbing blocks B65D0081060000 recessed to embrace all, or part of, packaged articles B65D0081080000 Resilient devices, e.g. resilient bands, strips (blocks B65D0081040000);; B65D0081100000 Resilient suspension means for spacing articles from container or package walls B65D0081120000 Applications of shock-absorbing materials of granular form B65D0081140000 Shock-absorbing wrappers B65D0081160000 Containers or trays formed of shock-absorbing material, e.g. moulded fibrous pulp, and having recesses or compartments shaped to correspond to the articles to be packaged B65D0081180000 for packaging articles or materials in special environments, e.g. at temperatures above or below atmospheric temperature (ice-boxes F25D);; B65D0081200000 under vacuum or superatmospheric pressure, or in a special atmosphere, e.g. of inert gas B65D0081220000 in moist conditions or immersed in liquids B65D0081240000 with special means for preventing deterioration or decay of contents (with thermal insulation B65D0081380000);; B65D0081260000 with provision for draining away, or absorbing, fluids, e.g. exuded by contents; Applications of corrosion inhibitors or desiccators B65D0081280000 Applications of food preservatives, fungicides, pesticides, or animal repellents B65D0081300000 by excluding light or other outside radiation (wrappers B65D0065160000);; B65D0081320000 for packaging two or more different materials which must be maintained separate prior to use in admixture (containers with removable or destructible partitions B65D0025080000);; B65D0081340000 for packaging edible articles or materials intended to be cooked within the package B65D0081360000 adapted to be used for non-packaging purposes after removal of contents B65D0081380000 with thermal insulation (vacuum bottles or the like A47J0041000000);; B65D0083000000 Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents (dispensing means incorporated in removable or non-permanently secured container closures B65D0047000000;for shops, stores, offices, bars, etc. A47F0001040000; show-cases or cabinets with dispensing arrangements A47F0003020000; for use in connection with the handling of sheets, webs, or filamentary material B65H; containers for disc-like objects with dispensing means «A45C11/30», G07C) B65D0083020000 for dispensing rod-shaped articles, e.g. needles (cigar or cigarette receptacles or boxes A24F0015000000);; B65D0083040000 for dispensing annular, disc-shaped, or spherical or like small articles, e.g. tablets, pills B65D0083060000 for dispensing powdered or granular material (for blowing or spraying B05B);; B65D0083080000 for dispensing thin flat articles in succession B65D0083100000 for dispensing razor-blades B65D0083120000 for dispensing tickets or tokens B65D0083140000 for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers (spraying or atomising in general B05B;siphons, pumping of fluid by direct contact of another fluid F04F; fluid delivery valves in general F16K0021000000; vessels for containing or storing compressed, liquefied, or solidified gases F17C) B65D0085000000 Containers, packaging elements, or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials (B65D0081000000, B65D0083000000 take precedence;hand implements, travelling equipment A45C; cosmetic or toilet equipment A45D; medical aspects of pharmaceutical containers A61J; paint cans B44D0003120000; oil cans F16N0003040000; packaging of ammunition F42B) B65D0085020000 for annular articles B65D0085040000 for coils of wire, rope, or hose B65D0085060000 for tyres B65D0085080000 for compressible or flexible rod-shaped or tubular articles B65D0085100000 for cigarettes B65D0085120000 for cigars B65D0085140000 for collapsible tubes B65D0085160000 for compressible or flexible articles of other shapes (for wearing apparel B65D0085180000);; B65D0085180000 for wearing apparel, i.e. clothes, headgear, shoes B65D0085200000 for incompressible or rigid rod-shaped or tubular articles B65D0085220000 for macaroni, spaghetti, or like flour products B65D0085240000 for needles, nails, or other like elongated small articles B65D0085260000 for welding electrodes B65D0085280000 for pencils or pens (pencil boxes A45C0011340000);; B65D0085300000 for articles particularly sensitive to damage by shock or pressure B65D0085320000 for eggs B65D0085340000 for fruit, e.g. apples, oranges, tomatoes B65D0085360000 for biscuits or other bakery products B65D0085380000 for optical or other delicate measuring, calculating, or control apparatus B65D0085400000 for watches or clocks or components thereof B65D0085420000 for ampoules; for lamp bulbs; for electronic valves or tubes B65D0085440000 for crockery B65D0085460000 for bricks, tiles, or building blocks B65D0085480000 for glass sheets B65D0085500000 for living organisms, articles, or materials sensitive to changes of environment or atmospheric conditions, e.g. land animals, birds, fish, water plants, non-aquatic plants, flower bulbs, cut flowers, foliage (devices for transporting live fish A01K0063020000);; B65D0085520000 for living plants; for growing bulbs B65D0085540000 for articles of special shape not otherwise provided for B65D0085560000 for medicinal tablets or pills (containers specially adapted for radioactive substances G21F0005000000);; B65D0085580000 for ball bearings, washers, buttons, or like spherical or disc-shaped articles (cards for buttons, collar-studs, sleeve-links A44B0007000000);; B65D0085600000 for sweets, pralines or like confectionery products B65D0085620000 for stacks of articles; for special arrangements of groups of articles B65D0085640000 for bulky articles B65D0085660000 for jumbo rolls; for rolls of floor covering B65D0085670000 for other web or tape-like material B65D0085671000 wound in flat spiral form B65D0085672000 on cores B65D0085675000 wound in helical form B65D0085676000 on cores B65D0085677000 on flat cards B65D0085680000 for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form B65D0085700000 for materials not otherwise provided for B65D0085720000 for edible or potable liquids, semiliquids, or plastic or pasty materials B65D0085740000 for butter, margarine or lard B65D0085760000 for cheese B65D0085780000 for ice-cream B65D0085800000 for milk B65D0085820000 for poisons B65D0085840000 for corrosive chemicals B65D0087000000 Rigid tanks (portable tanks without pipe connections for filling or emptying, see appropriate groups for kinds or types of portable containers;hoppers B65G0003060000; container traffic B65J; bottles for storing gases at high pressures F17C) B65D0087020000 caracterised by shape B65D0087040000 spherical B65D0087060000 cylindrical B65D0087080000 specially adapted for use in particular locations B65D0087100000 Underground tanks B65D0087120000 Tanks on vehicles B65D0087140000 Self-supporting tanks B65D0087160000 of variable capacity B65D0087180000 with floating roofs B65D0087200000 Sealing means B65D0087220000 formed by bell-shaped members floating in liquids B65D0087240000 specially adapted for particular contents B65D0087260000 for semi-liquids or for other materials of high viscosity (for preparing or distributing road-building materials E01C0019000000);; B65D0087280000 for powdered or granular materials B65D0087300000 with means for fluidising contents B65D0087320000 Details not otherwise provided for B65D0087340000 Linings B65D0087360000 Coverings, e.g. for insulating purposes B65D0087380000 Cooling or heating means B65D0087400000 Manholes; Inspection openings; Covers therefor (covers or closures in general F16J0013000000);; B65D0087420000 for underground tanks B65D0087440000 Pipe connections B65D0087460000 Sumps or filters for pump intakes (of interest apart from this application F04, F16L);; B65D0087480000 Safety measures B65D0087500000 Use of small particles for covering surface of liquids B65D0087520000 Use of inert gas for filling space above liquids B65D0087540000 Weakened seams arranged to yield under excessive internal pressure B65D0089000000 Large flexible containers for bulk storage or transport of liquids, semi-liquids, or powdered or granular materials (containers for container traffic B65J0001020000);; B65D0089020000 characterised by shape or wall construction B65D0089040000 Bellows-shaped containers B65D0089060000 Containers with rigid end walls B65D0089080000 adapted for mechanical handling or transport by vehicles B65D0089100000 Buoyant containers B65D0089120000 Details B65D0089140000 Supporting frames or nets B65D0089160000 Linings B65D0089180000 Coverings, e.g. for insulating purposes B65D0089200000 Manholes; Inspection openings; Covers therefor (covers or closures in general F16J0013000000);; B65D0089220000 Pipe connections B65D0089240000 Sumps or filters for pump intakes (of interest apart from this application F04, F16L);; B65D0091000000 Mail or like boxes for collection of deposited postal matter or other articles (for home use A47G0029120000;constructed as sack holders B65B0067000000; chutes for mail in buildings B65G0011040000; safes E05G) B65F GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE (disinfecting refuse A61L;refuse disintegrators B02C; sorting refuse B03B, B07B; handcarts for transporting refuse receptacles B62B; sack holders B65B0067000000; converting refuse into fertilisers C05F; converting refuse into solid fuels C10L; sewers, cesspools E03F; arrangements in buildings for the disposal of refuse E04F0017100000; refuse-consuming furnaces F23G) B65F0001000000 Refuse receptacles (containers not specially adapted for refuse, features of refuse receptacles of general interest B65D);; B65F0001020000 without removable inserts B65F0001040000 with removable inserts B65F0001060000 with flexible inserts, e.g. bags or sacks B65F0001080000 with rigid inserts B65F0001100000 with refuse filling means, e.g. air-locks B65F0001120000 with devices facilitating emptying B65F0001140000 Other constructional features (holders or carriers for hand articles A45F0005000000;fastening devices E05C; hinges E05D) B65F0001160000 Lids or covers (pedal or hand-lever operated B65D);; B65F0003000000 Vehicles particularly adapted for collecting refuse (vehicles in general B60;driving vehicle equipment or auxiliaries B60K; discharging contents by tilting entire vehicles B65G; wheeled apparatus for emptying sewers or cesspools E03F0007100000) B65F0003020000 with means for discharging refuse receptacles thereinto (conveyer construction B65G;loaders separate from vehicles B66F; fluid power control systems in general F15B) B65F0003040000 Linkages, pivoted arms, or pivoted carriers for raising and subsequently tipping receptacles B65F0003060000 Arrangement and disposition of fluid actuators B65F0003080000 Platform elevators or hoists with guides or runways for raising or tipping receptacles B65F0003100000 Arrangement and disposition of fluid actuators B65F0003120000 Conjoint motion of lids, flaps, and shutters on vehicle and on receptacle; Operation of closures on vehicle conjointly with tipping of receptacle B65F0005000000 Gathering or removal of refuse otherwise than by receptacles or vehicles (storage silos, charging and discharging thereof B65G);; B65F0007000000 Cleaning or disinfecting devices combined with refuse receptacles or refuse vehicles (such devices per A61L, B08B);; B65G TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYERS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING; SHOP CONVEYER SYSTEMS; PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYERS (special adaptations to metal working B21D0043000000, B23Q0005220000;preventing fire in special objects or places A62C0003000000; railway systems B61B; truck loaders B66F; transport devices specially adapted to underground conditions in mines E21F0013000000; specially adapted for handling radioactive materials G21) B65G0001000000 Storing articles, individually or in orderly arrangement, in warehouses or magazines (conveyer combinations in warehouses, magazines, or workshops B65G0037000000;stacking of articles B65G0057000000; removing articles from stacks B65G0059000000; loading machines B65G0065020000; handling thin or filamentary material, e.g. sheets, webs, cables B65H; arrangements of articles for drying or baking in kilns or ovens F26, F27) B65G0001020000 Storage devices (furniture, shop fittings, table equipment A47B, A47F, A47G;mechanical garages E04H; for data record cards in association with machines for marking or sensing data G06K; coin changers or sorters G07D; coin-freed apparatus G07F) B65G0001040000 mechanical B65G0001060000 with means for presenting articles for removal at predetermined position or level B65G0001080000 the articles being fed by gravity B65G0001100000 with relatively-movable racks to facilitate insertion or removal of articles B65G0001120000 with article supports or holders movable in a closed circuit to facilitate insertion or removal of articles B65G0001140000 Stack holders or separators B65G0001160000 Special arrangements of articles in storage spaces B65G0001180000 Articles inclined so as to be mutually self-supporting B65G0001200000 Articles arranged in layers with spaces between articles B65G0003000000 Storing bulk material or loose, i.e. disorderly, articles (filling or emptying storage spaces or containers, spreading-out or piling-up bulk materials or loose articles B65G0065280000, B65G0065300000, B65G0069040000;storing crops A01F) B65G0003020000 in the open air (B65G0003040000 takes precedence);; B65G0003040000 in bunkers, hoppers or like large containers B65G0003060000 Hoppers, i.e. containers having funnel-shaped discharge sections (constructed in the manner of buildings E04H);; B65G0003080000 constructed to facilitate heating, cooling, or other conditioning of contents B65G0003100000 constructed to facilitate filling or emptying B65G0003120000 with means to prevent formation of bridges B65G0003140000 with walls modified to facilitate fluidisation of contents (fluidising in pneumatic conveyers B65G0053040000;in connection with loading or unloading B65G0069060000) B65G0003160000 with means preventing o minimising breakage of goods B65G0003180000 with means preventing or minimising dust formation B65G0003200000 in multiple arrangement B65G0005000000 Storing fluids in natural or artificial cavities or chambers (modification of mine passages or chambers for storage purposes, especially for fluids E21F0017160000);; B65G0007000000 Devices for moving or tilting heavy loads (for tilting and emptying barrels or casks B65G0065240000);; B65G0007020000 Devices adapted to be interposed between loads and the ground or floor, e.g. crowbars with means for assisting conveyance of loads (crowbars per B66F0015000000);; B65G0007040000 rollers B65G0007060000 using fluid at high pressure supplied from an independent source to provide a cushion between load and ground B65G0007080000 for tilting the loads B65G0007100000 for rolling cylindrical loads B65G0007120000 Load-carriers, e.g. hooks, slings, harness, gloves, modified for load-carrying B65G0009000000 Apparatus having suspended load-carriers movable by hand or gravity (manually-operated endless-rope or chain conveyers B65G0017000000;railway systems B61B) B65G0011000000 Chutes (used as storage devices B65G0001020000, B65G0003060000;for sports, games, or amusements A63G0021000000; for refuse disposal in buildings E04F0017120000) B65G0011020000 of straight form B65G0011040000 for mail in buildings B65G0011060000 of helical or spiral form B65G0011080000 with discontinuous guiding surfaces, e.g. arranged in zig-zag or cascade formation B65G0011100000 flexible B65G0011120000 pivotable B65G0011140000 extensible, e.g. telescopic B65G0011160000 Interior surfaces; Linings B65G0011180000 Supports or mountings B65G0011200000 Auxiliary devices, e.g. for deflecting, controlling speed of, or agitating, articles or solids B65G0013000000 Roller-ways (storage devices comprising roller-ways B65G0001020000;endless-chain conveyers comprising load-supporting rollers B65G0017000000; rollers, or arrangements thereof B65G0039000000; in metal-rolling equipment B21B0039000000, B21B0041000000) B65G0013020000 having driven rollers B65G0013040000 all rollers driven B65G0013060000 Roller driving or braking means B65G0013070000 having endless driving elements B65G0013071000 with frictional engagement B65G0013073000 comprising free-wheel gearing B65G0013075000 Braking arrangements B65G0013080000 of curved form; with branch-offs B65G0013100000 Switching arrangements B65G0013110000 Roller frames B65G0013120000 adjustable B65G0015000000 Conveyers having endless load-conveying surfaces, i.e. belts and like continuous members, to which tractive effort is transmitted by means other than endless driving elements of similar configuration (having load-conveying surfaces formed by interconnected longitudinal links B65G0017060000);; B65G0015020000 for conveying in a circular arc B65G0015040000 the load being carried on the lower run of the endless surface B65G0015060000 with oppositely-moving parts of the endless surface located in the same plane and parallel to one another B65G0015080000 the load-carrying surface being formed by a concave or tubular belt, e.g. a belt forming a trough B65G0015100000 comprising two or more co-operating endless surfaces with parallel longitudinal axes, or a multiplicity of parallel elements, e.g. ropes defining an andless surface B65G0015120000 with two or more endless belts B65G0015140000 the load being conveyed between the belts B65G0015160000 between an auxiliary belt and a main belt B65G0015180000 the belts being sealed at their edges (endless-surface conveyers having a single belt with sealed edges B65G0015080000);; B65G0015200000 arranged side by side, e.g. for conveyance of flat articles in vertical position (for conveying sheets or like thin flat articles B65H);; B65G0015220000 comprising a series of co-operating units B65G0015240000 in tandem B65G0015260000 extensible, e.g. telescopic B65G0015280000 Conveyers with a load-conveying surface formed by a single flat belt, not otherwise provided for B65G0015300000 Belts or like endless load-carriers (co-operating with rails or the like B65G0021220000;with rollers B65G0039200000; belts in general F16G) B65G0015320000 made of rubber or plastics B65G0015340000 with reinforcing layers, e.g. of fabric B65G0015360000 the layers incorporating ropes, chains, or rolled steel sections B65G0015380000 with flame-resistant layers, e.g. of asbestos, glass B65G0015400000 troughed or tubular; formed with joints facilitating troughing B65G0015420000 having ribs, ridges, or other surface projections B65G0015440000 for impelling the loads B65G0015460000 formed with guides B65G0015480000 metallic B65G0015500000 Endless load-carriers consisting of a series of parallel ropes or belt strips B65G0015520000 interconnected by transverse slats B65G0015540000 Endless load-carriers made of interwoven ropes or wires B65G0015560000 with edge-protecting or reinforcing means B65G0015580000 with means for holding or retaining the loads in fixed position, e.g. magnetic B65G0015600000 Arrangements for supporting or guiding belts (constructions of rollers or supports therefor B65G0039000000, F16G);; B65G0015620000 Guides for sliding belts B65G0015640000 for automatically maintaining the position of the belts B65G0017000000 Conveyers having an endless traction element, e.g. a chain, transmitting movement to a continuous or substantially-continuous load-carrying surface or to a series of individual load-carriers; Endless-chain conveyers in which the chains form the load-carrying surface (railway systems, detachable load-carriers on rails B61B;escalators or paternosters neither combined nor associated with loading or unloading apparatus B66B0009000000) B65G0017020000 comprising a load-carrying belt attached to, or resting on, the traction element B65G0017040000 the belt having loops forming load-receiving pockets B65G0017060000 having a load-carrying surface formed by a series of interconnected, e.g. longitudinal, links, plates, or platforms B65G0017080000 the surface being formed by the traction element B65G0017100000 the surface forming a longitudinal trough B65G0017120000 comprising a series of individual load-carriers fixed, or normally fixed, relative to traction element B65G0017140000 with two spaced connections to traction element B65G0017160000 comprising individual load-carriers which are pivotally mounted, e.g. for free-swinging movement (guides inverting or tilting load-carriers for emptying B65G0047440000);; B65G0017180000 and move in contact with a guiding surface B65G0017200000 comprising load-carriers suspended from overhead traction chains B65G0017220000 with oppositely-moving parts of the conveyer located in a common plane B65G0017240000 comprising a series of rollers which are moved over a supporting surface by the traction element to effect conveyance of loads or load-carriers B65G0017260000 comprising a series of co-operating units, e.g. interconnected by pivots B65G0017280000 extensible, e.g. telescopic B65G0017300000 Details; Auxiliary devices (belts B65G0015300000;framework B65G0021000000) B65G0017320000 Individual load-carriers (control B65G0017480000);; B65G0017340000 having flat surfaces, e.g. platforms, grids, forks B65G0017360000 having concave surfaces, e.g. buckets B65G0017380000 Chains or like traction elements (chains in general F16G);;Connections between traction elements and load-carriers B65G0017400000 Chains acting as load-carriers B65G0017420000 Attaching load-carriers to traction elements B65G0017440000 by means excluding relative movements B65G0017460000 Means for holding or retaining the loads in fixed position on the load-carriers, e.g. magnetic B65G0017480000 Controlling attitudes of load-carriers during movement (guides B65G0021200000;inverting or tilting load-carriers to discharge contents B65G0047380000) B65G0019000000 Conveyers comprising an impeller or a series of impellers carried by an endless traction element and arranged to move articles or materials over a supporting surface or underlying material, e.g. endless scraper conveyers B65G0019020000 for articles, e.g. for containers B65G0019040000 for moving bulk material in open troughs or channels B65G0019060000 the impellers being scrapers similar in size and shape to the cross-section of the trough or channel B65G0019080000 and attached to a single belt, rope, or chain B65G0019100000 and attached to a pair of belts, ropes, or chains B65G0019120000 the impellers being plates having an area substantially smaller than that of the trough or channel cross-section B65G0019140000 for moving bulk material in closed conduits, e.g. tubes B65G0019160000 the impellers being elements having an area substantially smaller than that of the conduit cross-section B65G0019180000 Details B65G0019200000 Traction chains, ropes, or cables B65G0019220000 Impellers, e.g. push-plates, scrapers; Guiding means therefor B65G0019240000 Attachment of impellers to traction element B65G0019260000 pivotal B65G0019280000 Troughs, channels, or conduits B65G0019300000 with supporting surface modified to facilitate movement of loads, e.g. friction-reducing devices B65G0021000000 Supporting or protective framework or housings for endless load-carriers or traction elements of belt or chain conveyers (supporting framework or bases for conveyers as a whole B65G0041000000);; B65G0021020000 consisting essentially of struts, ties, or like structural elements B65G0021040000 the ties being formed by longitudinal cables or ropes B65G0021060000 constructed to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling B65G0021080000 Protective roofs or arch supports therefor B65G0021100000 movable, or having interchangeable or relatively-movable parts; Devices for moving framework or parts thereof B65G0021120000 to allow adjustment of position of load-carrier or traction element as a whole B65G0021140000 to allow adjustment of length or configuration of load-carrier or traction element (varying speed of conveyance by adjusting configuration of load carrier B65G0023000000);; B65G0021160000 for conveyers having endless load-carriers movable in curved paths B65G0021180000 in three-dimensionally curved paths B65G0021200000 Means incorporated in, or attached to, framework or housings for guiding load-carriers, traction elements, or loads supported on moving surfaces (arrangements for supporting belts B65G0015600000;rollers or roller arrangements B65G0039000000, F16G) B65G0021220000 Rails or the like engaging sliding elements or rollers attached to load-carriers or traction elements B65G0023000000 Driving gear for endless conveyers (for conveyers in general B65G0043000000);;Belt or chain tensioning arrangements B65G0023020000 Belt- or chain-engaging elements B65G0023040000 Drums, rollers, or wheels B65G0023060000 with projections engaging abutments on belts or chains, e.g. sprocket wheels B65G0023080000 with self-contained driving mechanisms, e.g. motors and associated gearing B65G0023100000 arranged intermediate the ends of the conveyers B65G0023120000 Arrangements of co-operating drums or rollers to augment tractive effort applied to the belts B65G0023140000 Endless driving elements extending parallel to belt or chain B65G0023160000 with dogs engaging abutments on belts or chains B65G0023180000 provided with suction elements; magnetic B65G0023200000 Screws B65G0023220000 Arrangements or mountings of driving motors B65G0023240000 Gearing between driving motor and belt- or chain-engaging elements (contained in drums, rollers, or wheels B65G0023080000);; B65G0023260000 Applications of clutches or brakes B65G0023280000 Arrangements for equalising the drive to several elements B65G0023300000 Variable-speed gearing B65G0023320000 for effecting drive at two or more points spaced along the length of the conveyers B65G0023340000 comprising a single motor coupled to spaced driving elements B65G0023360000 comprising two or more driving motors each coupled to a separate driving element, e.g. at either end of the conveyers B65G0023380000 for effecting intermittent movement of belts or chains B65G0023400000 Applications of pawl-and-ratchet mechanisms or Geneva wheels B65G0023420000 Reciprocating members engaging successive abutments on belts or chains B65G0023440000 Belt- or chain-tensioning arrangements B65G0025000000 Conveyers comprising a cyclically-moving, e.g. reciprocating, carrier or impeller which is disengaged from the load during the return part of its movement (endless B65G0017000000, B65G0021000000;jigging B65G0027000000; pumps F04) B65G0025020000 the carrier or impeller having different forward and return paths of movement, e.g. walking-beam conveyers B65G0025040000 the carrier or impeller having identical forward and return paths of movement, e.g. reciprocating conveyers B65G0025060000 having carriers, e.g. belts B65G0025080000 having impellers, e.g. pushers B65G0025100000 with impeller pivotally mounted on a reciprocating bar B65G0025120000 with impeller fixed to a reciprocating bar and the bar being rotated about its longitudinal axis on its return stroke B65G0027000000 Jigging conveyers (jigs for wet separation B03B;generating or transmitting mechanical vibrations B06; jiggers for screening, sifting, or sorting B07B0001280000) B65G0027020000 comprising helical or spiral channels or conduits for elevation of materials (helical or spiral chutes in general B65G0011060000);; B65G0027040000 Load-carriers other than helical or spiral channels or conduits B65G0027060000 Joints connecting load-carrier sections B65G0027080000 Supports or mountings for load-carriers, e.g. framework, bases, spring arrangements B65G0027100000 Applications of devices for generating or transmitting jigging movements B65G0027120000 of shaking devices, i.e. devices for producing movements of low frequency and large amplitude B65G0027140000 hydraulic B65G0027160000 of vibrators, i.e. devices for producing movements of high frequency and small amplitude B65G0027180000 Mechanical devices B65G0027200000 rotating unbalanced masses B65G0027220000 Hydraulic or pneumatic devices B65G0027240000 Electromagnetic devices B65G0027260000 with elastic coupling between vibrator and load-carrier B65G0027280000 with provision for dynamic balancing B65G0027300000 by means of an oppositely-moving mass, e.g. a second conveyer B65G0027320000 with means for controlling direction, frequency, or amplitude of vibration or shaking movement B65G0027340000 comprising a series of co-operating units B65G0029000000 Rotary conveyers, e.g. rotating discs, arms, star-wheels, cones (mechanical projectors B65G0031000000;screw or rotary spiral conveyers B65G0033000000) B65G0029020000 for inclined or vertical transit (B65G0015000000, B65G0017000000 take precedence);; B65G0031000000 Mechanical projectors for articles or solid materials (distributors for fertilisers A01C;moulding machines B22C; sandblasting devices B24C; projectors for applying plaster to buildings E04F0021000000) B65G0031020000 comprising belts B65G0031040000 comprising discs, drums, or like rotary impellers B65G0033000000 Screw or rotary spiral conveyers (screws for extruding, compressing, kneading, mixing, pumping, or other special operations, see the relevant classes);; B65G0033020000 for articles B65G0033040000 conveyed between a single screw and guiding means B65G0033060000 conveyed and guided by parallel screws B65G0033080000 for fluent solid materials B65G0033100000 with non-enclosed screws B65G0033120000 with screws formed by straight tubes or drums having internal threads, or by spiral or helical tubes B65G0033140000 comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing B65G0033160000 with flexible screws operating in flexible tubes B65G0033180000 with multiple screws in parallel arrangements B65G0033200000 the housing being rotatable relative to the screw B65G0033220000 with means for retarding material flow at the delivery end of the housing B65G0033240000 Details B65G0033260000 Screws (as gearing elements F16H0025200000);; B65G0033280000 solid B65G0033300000 with a discontinuous helical surface B65G0033320000 Adaptations of bearings or couplings for supporting or connecting screws (B65G0033160000 takes precedence);; B65G0033340000 Applications of driving gear B65G0033360000 for rotating housing and screw at different speeds B65G0033380000 for effecting simultaneous rotation and reciprocation of screw B65G0035000000 Kinds of mechanical conveyers not otherwise provided for (railway systems B61B);; B65G0035020000 comprising an endless traction element, e.g. a belt, arranged to roll cylindrical articles over a supporting surface B65G0035040000 comprising a flexible load-carrier, e.g. a belt, which is wound-up at one end and paid-out at the other (reciprocating belt conveyers B65G0025060000);; B65G0035060000 comprising a load-carrier moving along a path, e.g. a closed path, and adapted to be engaged by any one of a series of traction elements spaced along the path B65G0035080000 comprising trains of unconnected load-carriers, e.g. belt sections, movable in a path, e.g. a closed path, adapted to contact each other and to be propelled by means arranged to engage each load-carrier in turn B65G0037000000 Combinations of mechanical conveyers of the same kind, or of different kinds, of interest apart from their application in particular machines or use in particular manufacturing processes (in "live" storage devices B65G0001040000;specially adapted for handling radioactive materials G21) B65G0037020000 Flow sheets for conveyer combinations in warehouses, magazines, or workshops B65G0039000000 Rollers, e.g. drive rollers, or arrangements thereof incorporated in roller-ways or other types of mechanical conveyers (driving gear for rollers of roller-ways B65G0013060000;drive rollers of endless conveyers B65G0023040000; arrangement of rollers in metal-rolling equipment B21B0039100000; friction members F16H0055320000) B65G0039020000 Adaptations of individual rollers and supports therefor B65G0039040000 the rollers comprising a number of roller-forming elements mounted on a single axle B65G0039060000 the roller sleeves being shock-absorbing, e.g. formed by helically-wound wires B65G0039070000 Other adaptations of sleeves B65G0039071000 for aligning belts or sheets B65G0039073000 for cleaning belts B65G0039080000 the rollers being magnetic (in magnetic belt separators B03C0001000000);; B65G0039090000 Arrangements of bearing or sealing means B65G0039100000 Arrangements of rollers (on a single axle B65G0039040000);; B65G0039120000 mounted on framework B65G0039140000 Spring-supported sets, e.g. permitting troughing of a load-carrying belt B65G0039160000 for aligning belts or chains (for aligning tapes or webs B65H);; B65G0039180000 for guiding loads B65G0039200000 attached to moving belts or chains (belts B65G0015300000;chains B65G0017440000) B65G0041000000 Supporting frames or bases for conveyers as a whole, e.g. transportable conveyer frames B65G0041020000 Frames mounted on wheels for movement on rail tracks B65G0043000000 Control, e.g. safety, warning, fault-correcting, devices (for lifts or elevators B66B;in general F16P, G08B) B65G0043020000 detecting dangerous physical condition of load-carriers, e.g. for interrupting the drive in the event of overheating B65G0043040000 detecting slip between driving element and load-carrier, e.g. for interrupting the drive B65G0043060000 interrupting the drive in case of driving-element breakage; Braking or stopping loose load-carriers B65G0043080000 Control devices operated by article or material being fed, conveyed, or discharged B65G0043100000 Sequence control of conveyers operating in combination B65G0045000000 Lubricating, cleaning, or clearing devices B65G0045020000 Lubricating devices B65G0047000000 Article or material-handling devices associated with conveyers; Methods employing such devices (for sorting, e.g. postal, B07C);; B65G0047020000 Devices for feeding articles or materials to conveyers B65G0047040000 for feeding articles B65G0047060000 from a single group of articles arranged in orderly pattern, e.g. workpieces in magazines (de-stacking devices B65G0059000000;picking-up flat workpieces B65H) B65G0047080000 spacing or grouping the articles during feeding (during transit by conveyer B65G0047280000);; B65G0047100000 from several groups of articles, e.g. for fulfilling orders in warehouses B65G0047120000 from disorderly-arranged article piles or from loose assemblages of articles B65G0047140000 arranging or orientating the articles by mechanical or pneumatic means during feeding (during transit by conveyer B65G0047240000, B65G0047260000);; B65G0047160000 for feeding materials in bulk B65G0047180000 Arrangements or applications of hoppers or chutes B65G0047190000 having means for controlling material flow, e.g. to prevent overloading (controlling feed or discharge by weighing a continuous stream of material G01G0011080000);; B65G0047200000 the hoppers or chutes being movable B65G0047220000 Devices controlling the relative position or the attitude of articles during transit by conveyers (during feeding B65G0047140000);; B65G0047240000 orientating the articles B65G0047260000 arranging the articles, e.g. varying spacing between individual articles (stacking or de-stacking B65G0057000000, B65G0059000000, B65G0061000000);; B65G0047280000 during transit by a single conveyer B65G0047290000 by temporarily stopping movement B65G0047300000 during transit by a series of conveyers B65G0047310000 by varying the relative speeds of the conveyers forming the series B65G0047320000 Applications of transfer devices B65G0047340000 Devices for discharging articles or materials from conveyers (sorting in general B07);; B65G0047360000 by detaching suspended articles B65G0047380000 by dumping, tripping, or releasing load-carriers B65G0047400000 by tilting conveyer buckets B65G0047420000 operated by article or material being conveyed and discharged B65G0047440000 Arrangements or applications of hoppers or chutes B65G0047460000 with distribution, e.g. automatically, to desired points (in tube mail systems B65G0051360000;postal or like sorting B07C; «in railway operations B61L11/10;» handling sheets or thin flat articles B65H) B65G0047480000 according to bodily destination marks on either articles or load-carriers (marking data records G06K);; B65G0047490000 without bodily contact between article or load-carrier and automatic control device B65G0047500000 according to destination signals stored in separate systems (control by programme G05B0019000000);; B65G0047510000 according to unprogrammed signals, e.g. influenced by supply situation at destination (volume, flow, or liquid level meters G01F;scales or weighing machines G01G; remote controls G05G) B65G0047520000 Devices for transferring articles or materials between conveyers, i.e. discharging and feeding devices (loading or unloading by means not incorporated in, or not operatively associated with, conveyers B65G0065000000;transfer of workpieces during metal rolling B21B0041000000) B65G0047540000 between conveyers at least one of which is a roller-way which the other conveyer crosses transversely B65G0047560000 to or from inclined or vertical conveyer sections B65G0047570000 for articles B65G0047580000 for materials in bulk B65G0047600000 to or from conveyers of the suspended, e.g. trolley, type B65G0047610000 for articles B65G0047620000 for materials in bulk B65G0047640000 Switching conveyers B65G0047660000 Fixed platforms or combs, e.g. bridges between conveyers B65G0047680000 adapted to receive articles arriving in one layer from one conveyer and to transfer them in individual layers to more than one conveyer, or ; vice versa, e.g. combining the flows of articles conveyed by more than one conveyer B65G0047690000 the articles being accumulated temporarily B65G0047700000 with precedence controls among incoming article flows B65G0047710000 the articles being discharged to several conveyers B65G0047720000 transferring materials in bulk from one conveyer to several conveyers, or ; vice versa B65G0047740000 Feeding, transfer, or discharging devices of particular kinds or types B65G0047760000 Fixed or adjustable ploughs or transverse scrapers B65G0047780000 Troughs having discharge openings and closures B65G0047800000 Turntables carrying articles or materials to be transferred, e.g. combined with ploughs or scrapers B65G0047820000 Rotary or reciprocating members for direct action on articles or materials, e.g. pushers, rakes, shovels B65G0047840000 Star-shaped wheels or devices having endless travelling belts or chains, the wheels or devices being equipped with article-engaging elements B65G0047860000 the article-engaging elements being grippers B65G0047880000 Separating or stopping elements, e.g. fingers (attached to star-shaped wheels B65G0047840000);; B65G0047900000 Devices for picking-up and depositing articles or materials B65G0047910000 incorporating pneumatic, e.g. suction, grippers B65G0047920000 incorporating electrostatic or magnetic grippers B65G0047940000 Devices for flexing or tilting travelling structures; Throw-off carriages B65G0047950000 adapted for longitudinal delivery B65G0047960000 Devices for tilting links or platforms B65G0049000000 Conveying systems characterised by their application for specified purposes not otherwise provided for (for conveying sheet material B65H);; B65G0049020000 for conveying workpieces through baths of liquid B65G0049040000 the workpieces being immersed and withdrawn by movement in a vertical direction B65G0049060000 for glass or other fragile or damageable sheets (handling sheets of glass in plastic phase C03B);; B65G0051000000 Conveying articles through pipes or tubes by fluid flow or pressure (pneumatic railways B61B);;Conveying articles over a flat surface, e.g. the base of a trough, by jets located in the surface (pumps F04;fluid dynamics F15D; valves, taps, cocks F16K; pipes, pipe joints, and associated devices F16L) B65G0051020000 Directly conveying the articles, e.g. slips, sheets, stockings, containers, workpieces, by flowing gases B65G0051040000 Conveying the articles in carriers, e.g. despatch carriers, having a cross-section approximating that of the pipe or tube; Tube mail systems B65G0051060000 Despatch carriers for tube mail B65G0051080000 Controlling or conditioning the operating medium (in compressors F04;air-conditioning, e.g. de-watering, in pneumatic systems F16L0055100000) B65G0051100000 at section junctions of pneumatic systems B65G0051120000 Pneumatic gates B65G0051140000 Pneumatic sluices B65G0051160000 varying, e.g. starting or stopping, gas pressure or flow B65G0051180000 Adaptations of pipes or tubes; Pipe or tube joints B65G0051200000 Braking arrangements B65G0051220000 Arrangements for stopping the carriers en route in order to control carrier sequence; Blocking or separating devices B65G0051240000 Switches B65G0051260000 Stations B65G0051280000 for despatch B65G0051300000 for delivery B65G0051320000 for despatch, delivery, and transit B65G0051340000 Two-way operation B65G0051360000 Other devices for indicating or controlling movements of carriers, e.g. for supervising individual tube sections, for counting carriers, for reporting jams or other operating difficulties B65G0051380000 Contact devices on interior of tubes for detecting passage of carriers B65G0051400000 Automatically distributing the carriers to desired stations B65G0051420000 according to indications on carriers B65G0051440000 without mechanical contact between carriers and controllers B65G0051460000 according to separate signal systems B65G0053000000 Conveying materials in bulk through troughs, pipes, or tubes by floating the materials, or by flows of gas, liquid, or foam (loaders for hay or cereals A01D0087000000;combined washing or cutting and conveyance of materials in sugar manufacture A23N, C13C; dredging E02F; winning materials out of alluvial deposits E21C0045000000; hydraulic or pneumatic mine-filling-up machines E21F0015000000; fluid dynamics F15D) B65G0053020000 Floating material troughs (air slides B65G0053040000);; B65G0053040000 Conveying materials in bulk pneumatically through pipes or tubes; Air slides B65G0053060000 Gas pressure systems operating without fluidisation of the materials B65G0053080000 with mechanical injection of the materials, e.g. by screw B65G0053100000 with pneumatic injection of the materials by the propelling gas B65G0053120000 the gas flow acting directly on the materials in a reservoir B65G0053140000 the gas flow inducing feed of the materials by suction effect B65G0053160000 Gas pressure systems operating with fluidisation of the materials B65G0053180000 through a porous wall B65G0053200000 of an air slide, e.g. a trough B65G0053220000 the systems comprising a reservoir, e.g. a bunker B65G0053240000 Gas suction systems B65G0053260000 operating with fluidisation of the materials B65G0053280000 Systems utilising a combination of gas pressure and suction (inducing feed of the materials by suction in gas pressure systems B65G0053140000);; B65G0053300000 Conveying materials in bulk through pipes or tubes by liquid pressure B65G0053320000 Conveying concrete, e.g. for distributing same at building sites (mixing concrete on or by conveyers B28C0005340000);; B65G0053340000 Details B65G0053360000 Arrangements of containers (hoppers B65G0003060000;containers in general B65D) B65G0053380000 Modification of material containing walls to facilitate fluidisation (hoppers with walls modified for fluidisation of contents B65G0003140000);; B65G0053400000 Feeding or discharging devices B65G0053420000 Nozzles (in general B05B);; B65G0053440000 Endless conveyers B65G0053460000 Gates or sluices, e.g. rotary wheels B65G0053480000 Screws or like rotary conveyers B65G0053500000 Pneumatic devices (incorporated in nozzles B65G0053420000);; B65G0053520000 Adaptations of pipes or tubes B65G0053540000 Flexible pipes or tubes B65G0053560000 Switches B65G0053580000 Devices for accelerating or decelerating flow of the materials; Use of pressure generators (controlling pressure of propelling gas B65G0053660000);; B65G0053600000 Devices for separating the materials from propellant gas B65G0053620000 Using liquid B65G0053640000 in discrete amounts B65G0053660000 Use of indicator or control devices, e.g. for controlling gas pressure, for controlling proportions of material and gas, for indicating or preventing jamming of material B65G0057000000 Stacking of articles (B65G0060000000 takes precedence;stacking of jumbo rolls B41F; stackable containers B65D; feeding, piling, or stacking sheets B65H; stacked delivery of machined products, see the relevant classes for the machines); B65G0057020000 by adding to the top of the stack B65G0057030000 from above B65G0057040000 by suction or magnetic devices B65G0057060000 Gates for releasing articles B65G0057080000 articles being tilted or inverted prior to depositing B65G0057081000 alternate articles being inverted B65G0057090000 from alongside B65G0057100000 by devices, e.g. reciprocating, acting directly on articles for horizontal transport to the top of stack B65G0057110000 the articles being stacked by direct action of the feeding conveyer B65G0057112000 the conveyer being adjustable in height B65G0057140000 the articles being transferred from carriers moving in an endless path adjacent to the stacks (conveyer constructions B65G0015000000-B65G0035000000; combinations of conveyers B65G0037000000) B65G0057160000 Stacking of articles of particular shape B65G0057180000 elongated, e.g. sticks, rods, bars B65G0057200000 three-dimensional, e.g. cubiform, cylindrical B65G0057220000 in layers each of predetermined arrangement B65G0057240000 the layers being transferred as a whole, e.g. on pallets B65G0057260000 the arrangement providing for spaces between the articles B65G0057280000 by disposing the articles horizontally or in an inclined position and tilting the assembled articles to a stacked position B65G0057300000 by adding to the bottom of the stack B65G0057320000 characterised by stacking during transit B65G0059000000 De-stacking of articles (B65G0060000000 takes precedence);; B65G0059020000 De-stacking from the top of the stack B65G0059040000 by suction or magnetic devices B65G0059060000 De-stacking from the bottom of the stack B65G0059080000 De-stacking after preliminary tilting of the stack B65G0059100000 De-stacking nested articles B65G0059120000 characterised by de-stacking during transit B65G0060000000 Simultaneously or alternatively stacking and de-stacking of articles B65G0061000000 Use of pick-up or transfer devices or of manipulators for stacking or de-stacking articles not otherwise provided for (manipulators B25J);; B65G0063000000 Transferring or transshipping at storage areas, railway yards or harbours, or in opening mining cuts; Marshalling yard installations (dredging, soil shifting E02F);; B65G0063020000 with essentially-horizontal transit otherwise than by bridge B65G0063040000 with essentially-horizontal transit by bridges equipped with conveyers (cranes B66C);; B65G0063060000 with essentially-vertical transit (bunkers or hoppers B65G0003060000);; B65G0065000000 Loading or unloading (of vehicles B65G0067000000);; B65G0065020000 Loading or unloading machines comprising essentially a conveyer for moving the loads associated with a device for picking-up the loads B65G0065040000 with pick up shovels (constructions of shovels E02F);; B65G0065060000 with endless scraping or elevating pick-up conveyers B65G0065080000 with reciprocating pick-up conveyers B65G0065100000 Raking or scraping devices B65G0065120000 operations at positions off-set from the conveyer centreline B65G0065140000 with jigging pick-up conveyers, e.g. duck-bills B65G0065160000 with rotary pick-up conveyers B65G0065180000 Discs B65G0065200000 Paddle wheels B65G0065220000 Screws B65G0065240000 Devices facilitating manual tilting and emptying of barrels or casks B65G0065260000 Dust prevention (during loading or unloading B65G0069180000);; B65G0065280000 Piling or unpiling loose materials in bulk, e.g. coal, manure, timber, not otherwise provided for (by soil-shifting or like equipment E02F);; B65G0065300000 Filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers or like containers; Methods or devices for filling or emptying bunkers, hoppers, or like containers, of interest apart from their use in particular chemical or physical processes or their application in particular machines, e.g. not covered by a single other sub-class (storage containers, e.g. hoppers, constructed to facilitate filling or emptying B65G0003100000);; B65G0065320000 Filling devices (pneumatic conveyers B65G0051000000, B65G0053000000);; B65G0065340000 Emptying devices (conveyer constructions B65G0015000000-B65G0035000000; devices similar to vehicle tipplers B65G0067480000) B65G0065360000 Devices for emptying from the top B65G0065380000 Mechanical devices B65G0065400000 Devices for emptying otherwise than from the top B65G0065420000 using belt or chain conveyers B65G0065440000 using reciprocating conveyers, e.g. jigging conveyers B65G0065460000 using screw conveyers B65G0065480000 using other rotating means, e.g. rotating pressure sluices in pneumatic systems B65G0065500000 Details B65G0065520000 Gates or closures for bunkers, hoppers, chutes, buckets, or like bulk material containing or conveying apparatus B65G0065540000 operating by deformation of flexible walls B65G0065560000 having closure members B65G0065580000 sliding in the plane of the opening B65G0065600000 and having one or more openings B65G0065620000 movable out of the plane of the opening B65G0065640000 having multipart closure members, the parts being brought into closing position one by one according to need B65G0065660000 Operating devices therefor B65G0065680000 Preventing bridge formation B65G0065700000 using mechanical devices B65G0065720000 using pneumatic devices (fluidising devices B65G0069060000);; B65G0065740000 Applications of devices for indicating load conditions (indicators G01);; B65G0065760000 of level indicators, e.g. height measuring devices B65G0065780000 of temperature indicators B65G0067000000 Loading or unloading vehicles (by means incorporated in the vehicles B60-B64); B65G0067020000 Loading or unloading land vehicles B65G0067040000 Loading land vehicles B65G0067060000 Feeding articles or materials from bunkers or funnels B65G0067080000 using endless conveyers B65G0067100000 using conveyers covering the whole length of vehicle trains B65G0067120000 Loading elongated articles, e.g. rails, logs B65G0067140000 Loading hardened bricks, briquettes, or the like B65G0067160000 Loading coke-oven products (discharging coke ovens C10B0033000000);; B65G0067180000 Refuelling locomotives with solid fuels (servicing locomotives B61K0011020000);; B65G0067200000 Loading covered vehicles B65G0067220000 Loading moving vehicles B65G0067240000 Unloading land vehicles B65G0067260000 using rakes or scrapers B65G0067280000 External transverse blades attached to endless conveyers B65G0067300000 using transportable tipping apparatus B65G0067320000 using fixed tipping installations B65G0067340000 Apparatus for tipping wagons or mine cars (inverting wagons B65G0067480000;platform-lifts with tiltable platforms B66F0007220000) B65G0067360000 endwise B65G0067380000 comprising a turntable B65G0067400000 toward one end only B65G0067420000 sideways B65G0067440000 by passing the vehicles over a stretch of transversely-inclined rails B65G0067460000 Apparatus for lifting and tilting B65G0067480000 Vehicle tipplers (devices for washing or cleaning railroad vehicles B60S);; B65G0067500000 Rotary vehicle tipplers, i.e. rotating through 360° B65G0067520000 having several decks B65G0067540000 Vehicle-locking means B65G0067560000 Vehicle and tippler interlocking controls B65G0067580000 Loading or unloading ships by devices influenced by the tide or by the movements of the ship, e.g. devices on pontoons; Devices for loading or unloading holds in succession, or several holds simultaneously. B65G0069000000 Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading (in vehicles, see the relevant sub-classes;preventing, minimising, or fighting fire A62C) B65G0069020000 Filling storage spaces as completely as possible, e.g. application of vibrators B65G0069040000 Spreading-out the materials conveyed over the whole surface to be loaded; Trimming heaps of loose materials B65G0069060000 Fluidising B65G0069080000 Devices for emptying storage spaces as completely as possible (devices preventing the formation of bridges B65G0065680000);; B65G0069100000 Obtaining an average product from stored bulk material (for measuring or testing G01);; B65G0069120000 Sieving bulk materials during loading or unloading B65G0069140000 Pulverising loaded or unloaded materials B65G0069160000 Preventing pulverisation, deformation, breakage, or other mechanical damage to the goods or materials B65G0069180000 Preventing escape of dust (when tilting and emptying barrels or casks B65G0065260000);; B65G0069200000 Auxiliary treatments, e.g. aerating, heating, humidifying, de-aerating, cooling, de-watering, or drying, during loading or unloading; Loading or unloading in a fluid medium other than air B65G0069220000 Horizontal loading or unloading platforms (pile tables B65H;as road or railway equipment E01F0001000000) B65G0069240000 having platform-level adjusting means B65G0069260000 Rotatable platforms B65G0069280000 Loading ramps (as road or railway equipment E01F0001000000);; B65H HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES (winding or stacking hides or leather C14B0001620000);; B65H0001000000 Supports or magazines for piles from which articles are to be separated (article receivers B65H0031000000);; B65H0001020000 adapted to support articles on edge B65H0001040000 adapted to support articles substantially horizontally, e.g. for separation from top of pile B65H0001060000 for separation from bottom of pile B65H0001080000 with means for advancing the pile to present the articles to a separating device (pressing on piles from which articles are separated from the bottom B65H0001060000);; B65H0001100000 comprising weights B65H0001120000 comprising springs B65H0001140000 comprising positively-acting mechanical devices B65H0001160000 comprising pneumatic or hydraulic means B65H0001180000 controlled by height of pile B65H0001200000 controlled by weight of pile; Floating arrangements B65H0001220000 moving in direction of plane of articles, e.g. for bodily advancement of fanned-out piles B65H0001240000 with means for relieving or controlling pressure of the pile B65H0001260000 with auxiliary supports to facilitate introduction or renewal of the pile B65H0001280000 compartmented to receive piles side by side B65H0001300000 with means for replenishing the pile during continuous separation of articles therefrom B65H0003000000 Separating articles from piles B65H0003020000 using friction forces between articles and separator B65H0003040000 Endless-belt separators B65H0003060000 Rollers and like rotary separators B65H0003080000 using pneumatic force B65H0003100000 Suction rollers B65H0003120000 Suction bands, belts, or tables moving relatively to the pile B65H0003140000 Air blasts producing partial vacuum B65H0003160000 using magnetic force B65H0003180000 using electrostatic force B65H0003200000 using adhesives B65H0003220000 by needles or the like engaging the articles B65H0003240000 by pushers engaging the edges of the articles B65H0003260000 by separators engaging folds, flaps, or projections of articles B65H0003280000 by screw or like separators B65H0003300000 by escapement devices (screw and like separators B65H0003280000);;from staggered piles; from piles of articles having staggered formations, e.g. cuts or perforations B65H0003320000 by elements, e.g. fingers, plates, rollers, inserted or traversed between articles to be separated and remainder of the pile B65H0003340000 Article-retaining devices controlling the release of the articles to the separators B65H0003360000 by separators moved in special paths, e.g. enclosing an area B65H0003380000 the paths not enclosing an area B65H0003400000 by two or more separators acting alternately on the same pile (rotary or oscillating bodies carrying two or more separators B65H0003420000);; B65H0003420000 by two or more separators mounted for movement with, or relative to, rotary or oscillating bodies B65H0003440000 Simultaneously, alternately, or selectively separating articles from two or more piles B65H0003460000 Supplementary devices or measures to assist separation or prevent double feed B65H0003480000 Air blast acting on edges of, or under, articles B65H0003500000 Elements, e.g. fingers, plates, rollers, inserted or traversed between articles to be separated and remainder of the pile B65H0003520000 Friction retainers acting on under or rear side of article being separated B65H0003540000 Pressing or holding devices B65H0003560000 Elements, e.g. scrapers, fingers, needles, brushes, acting on separated article or on edge of the pile B65H0003580000 Articles spiked, threaded, cemented, or gummed together, to prevent double feed, e.g. piles with gummed edges B65H0003600000 Loosening articles in piles B65H0003620000 by swinging, agitating, or knocking the pile B65H0003640000 by vacuum apparatus B65H0003660000 Article guides or smoothers, e.g. movable in operation B65H0003680000 immovable in operation B65H0005000000 Feeding articles separated from piles; Feeding articles to machines B65H0005020000 by belts or chains B65H0005040000 by movable tables or carriages (rotary tables B65H0005180000);; B65H0005060000 by rollers B65H0005080000 by grippers, e.g. suction grippers B65H0005100000 Reciprocating or oscillating grippers B65H0005120000 Revolving grippers, e.g. mounted on arms, frames, or cylinders B65H0005140000 Details of grippers; Actuating mechanisms therefor B65H0005160000 by pusher, needles, friction, or like devices adapted to feed single articles along a surface or table B65H0005180000 by rotary dials or tables B65H0005200000 by dropping-roller or like device B65H0005220000 by air-blast or suction device (suction grippers B65H0005080000);; B65H0005240000 Feeding articles in overlapping streams B65H0005260000 Duplicate, alternate, selective, or coacting feeds B65H0005280000 Feeding articles stored in rolled or folded bands B65H0005300000 Opening devices for folded sheets or signatures B65H0005320000 Saddle-like members over which partially-unfolded sheets or signatures are fed to signature-gathering, stitching, or like machines B65H0005340000 Varying the phase of feed relative to the receiving machine B65H0005360000 Article guides or smoothers, e.g. movable in operation B65H0005380000 immovable in operation B65H0007000000 Controlling article feeding, separating, pile-advancing, or associated apparatus, to take account of incorrect feeding, absence of articles, or presence of faulty articles B65H0007020000 by feelers or detectors B65H0007040000 responsive to absence of articles, e.g. exhaustion of pile (B65H0007140000 takes precedence);; B65H0007060000 responsive to presence of faulty articles or incorrect separation or feed (B65H0007140000 takes precedence);; B65H0007080000 responsive to incorrect front register B65H0007100000 responsive to incorrect side register B65H0007120000 responsive to double feed or separation B65H0007140000 by photoelectric feelers or detectors B65H0007160000 Controlling air-supply to pneumatic separators B65H0007180000 Modifying or stopping actuation of separators B65H0007200000 Controlling associated apparatus B65H0009000000 Registering, e.g. orientating, articles; Devices therefor B65H0009020000 Gauge pins B65H0009040000 Fixed or adjustable stops or gauges (gauge pins B65H0009020000);; B65H0009060000 Movable stops or gauges, e.g. rising and falling front stops B65H0009080000 Holding devices, e.g. finger, needle, suction, for retaining articles in registered position B65H0009100000 Pusher and like movable registers; Pusher or gripper devices which move articles into registered position B65H0009120000 carried by article grippers B65H0009140000 Retarding or controlling the forward movement of articles as they approach stops B65H0009160000 Inclined tape, roller, or like article-forwarding side registers B65H0009180000 Assisting by devices such as reflectors, lenses, transparent sheets, or mechanical indicators B65H0009200000 Assisting by photoelectric, sonic, or pneumatic indicators B65H0011000000 Feed tables B65H0011020000 angularly adjustable in plane of articles B65H0013000000 Lifting the ends of piles to facilitate the formation of overlapped piles B65H0015000000 Overturning piles B65H0017000000 Kinds or types of web-advancing mechanisms B65H0017020000 Mechanisms in which power is applied to web-roll spindle, e.g. to effect continuous advancement of web B65H0017040000 to effect step-by-step advancement of web B65H0017060000 Mechanisms in which power is applied to web roll, e.g. to effect continuous advancement of web B65H0017080000 by friction roller (web roll supported on two parallel rollers at least one of which is driven B65H0017120000);; B65H0017100000 to effect step-by-step advancement of web B65H0017120000 the web roll being supported on two parallel rollers at least one of which is driven, with or without an interposed supporting band B65H0017140000 by friction band B65H0017160000 to effect step-by-step advancement of web B65H0017180000 Mechanisms in which power is applied to running web, e.g. to effect continuous advancement of web B65H0017200000 by friction roller B65H0017220000 to effect step-by-step advancement of web B65H0017240000 by friction band B65H0017260000 to effect step-by-step advancement of web B65H0017280000 by a feed band against which web is held by air pressure, e.g. suction or air blast B65H0017300000 by suction roller B65H0017320000 by direct action on web of moving fluid B65H0017340000 by web-gripping means, e.g. grippers, clips B65H0017360000 to effect step-by-step advancement of web B65H0017380000 by web-penetrating means, e.g. pins B65H0017400000 to effect step-by-step advancement of web B65H0017420000 by looping or like devices B65H0017440000 Mechanisms characterised by the provision of braking means acting directly on the web for arresting web movement B65H0017460000 Mechanisms for unwinding webs by movement of web-roll-supporting carriages B65H0017480000 Mechanisms for advancing webs to or from the inside of web rolls B65H0017500000 Mechanisms for delivering webs in superposed folds and refeeding them from the lower end of the folded assemblies B65H0017520000 Arrangements for detachably mounting web-advancing mechanisms on machine to which web is fed B65H0019000000 Applications of supports or holders for web rolls or the like; Methods of, or apparatus for, changing web rolls B65H0019020000 Applications of web-roll supports or holders B65H0019040000 multiple B65H0019060000 rotatable for successively placing web rolls in the winding or unwinding position B65H0019080000 Changing the web roll B65H0019100000 in unwinding mechanisms or in connection with unwinding operations B65H0019120000 Lifting, transporting, or inserting the web roll; Removing empty core B65H0019140000 Accumulating surplus web for advancing to machine while changing the web roll B65H0019160000 Driving, e.g. accelerating, the replacement web roll in association with web-splicing operation B65H0019180000 Attaching, e.g. pasting, the replacement web to the expiring web B65H0019200000 Cutting-off the expiring web B65H0019220000 in winding mechanisms or in connection with winding operations B65H0019240000 Accumulating surplus web delivered while changing the web roll B65H0019260000 Cutting-off the web running to the wound web roll B65H0019280000 Attaching the end of the web to the replacement web-roll core or spindle B65H0019300000 Lifting, transporting, or removing the web roll; Inserting core B65H0021000000 Apparatus for splicing webs (during web-roll changing B65H0019000000);; B65H0021020000 for premarked, e.g. preprinted, webs B65H0023000000 Registering, tensioning, smoothing, or guiding webs (registering articles B65H0009000000;in connection with splicing B65H0021000000; tensioning devices of general interest in connection with the handling of webs, tapes, or filamentary materials B65H0077000000) B65H0023020000 transversely (by tentering, gripper, or like apparatus operating on fabric webs D06C);; B65H0023040000 longitudinally B65H0023060000 by retarding devices, e.g. acting on web-roll spindle B65H0023080000 acting on web roll being unwound B65H0023100000 acting on running web (suction retarders B65H0023240000);; B65H0023120000 and causing parts thereof to move in opposite directions and in frictional engagement B65H0023140000 Tensioning rollers applying braking forces B65H0023160000 by weighted or spring-pressed movable bars or rollers B65H0023180000 by controlling or regulating the web-advancing mechanism, e.g. mechanism acting on the running web B65H0023200000 by varying the speed of mechanism driving the web-roll spindle (B65H0023220000 takes precedence);; B65H0023220000 by varying the relative speeds of successive web-advancing mechanisms B65H0023240000 by air or steam blast or suction (B65H0017320000 takes precedence);; B65H0023260000 by transverse stationary or adjustable bars or rollers B65H0023280000 by longitudinally-extending strips, tubes, plates, or wires (flexible tapes or bands B65H0023300000);; B65H0023300000 by longitudinally-extending flexible tapes or bands B65H0023320000 Arrangements for turning or reversing webs B65H0023340000 Apparatus for taking-out curl from webs B65H0025000000 Automatic control, checking, or safety devices incorporated in, or associated with, web-advancing mechanisms and comprising essentially an element, e.g. detector or feeler, for sensing a variable (of general application G05D);; B65H0025020000 characterised by the form or arrangement of the sensing element B65H0025040000 Movable element engaging web roll or face of running web B65H0025060000 Movable element engaging the edge of running web B65H0025080000 Element utilising air flow through orifices controlled by the web B65H0025100000 Element utilising photoelectric effect (photoelectric aspect H01J, H01L);; B65H0025120000 characterised by the device operated by the sensing element B65H0025140000 Electric switches or relays (constructional aspect H01H);; B65H0025160000 Electrical signal devices B65H0025180000 Fluid-pressure valves or servomotors B65H0025200000 characterised by function performed B65H0025220000 Sensing or controlling web tension B65H0025240000 Controlling longitudinal register of web B65H0025260000 Controlling transverse register of web B65H0025280000 Sensing web-roll diameter B65H0025300000 Operating alarm or warning device B65H0025320000 Stopping web advance or driving-motor of web-advancing mechanism; Stopping the machine to or from which web is fed B65H0027000000 Special constructions of feed or guide rollers and surfaces thereof B65H0029000000 Delivering or advancing articles from machines; Advancing articles to or into piles (for articles other than those covered by Note on scope (1) (ii) (a), see B65G);; B65H0029020000 by mechanical grippers engaging the leading edge only of the articles B65H0029040000 the grippers being carried by endless chains or bands B65H0029060000 the grippers being carried by rotating members B65H0029080000 the grippers being oscillated in arcuate paths B65H0029100000 the grippers being reciprocated in rectilinear paths B65H0029120000 by means of the nip between two, or between two sets of, moving tapes or bands B65H0029140000 and introducing into a pile B65H0029160000 by contact of one face only with moving tapes, bands, or chains B65H0029180000 and introducing into a pile B65H0029200000 by contact with rotating friction members, e.g. rollers, brushes, or cylinders B65H0029220000 and introducing into a pile B65H0029240000 by air-blast or suction apparatus (dropping articles from suction carriers B65H0029320000);; B65H0029260000 by dropping B65H0029280000 from mechanical grippers (grippers engaging the leading edge only B65H0029020000);; B65H0029300000 from magnetic holders B65H0029320000 from pneumatic, e.g. suction, carriers B65H0029340000 from supports slid from under the articles B65H0029360000 from tapes, bands, or rollers rolled from under the articles B65H0029380000 by movable piling or advancing arms, frames, plates, or like members with which the articles are maintained in face contact B65H0029400000 Members rotated about an axis perpendicular to direction of article movement, e.g. star-wheels formed by S-shaped members B65H0029420000 Members rotated about an axis parallel to direction of article movement, e.g. helices B65H0029440000 Members oscillated in arcuate paths B65H0029460000 Members reciprocated in rectilinear path B65H0029480000 by tables arranged to be tilted to cause sliding of articles B65H0029500000 Piling apparatus of which the discharge point moves in accordance with the height of the pile B65H0029520000 Stationary guides or smoothers B65H0029540000 Article strippers, e.g. for stripping from advancing elements B65H0029560000 for stripping from elements of machines B65H0029580000 Article switches or diverters B65H0029600000 diverting the stream into alternative paths (B65H0029620000 takes precedence);; B65H0029620000 diverting faulty articles from the main streams B65H0029640000 directing the components of composite articles into separate paths B65H0029660000 Advancing articles in overlapping streams B65H0029680000 Reducing the speed of articles as they advance B65H0029700000 Article-bending or stiffening arrangements B65H0031000000 Kinds of pile (overlapped articles B65H0029660000);;Pile receivers (supports or magazines for piles from which articles are to be separated B65H0001000000);; B65H0031020000 with stationary end support against which pile accumulates B65H0031040000 with movable end support arranged to recede as pile accumulates B65H0031060000 the articles being piled on edge B65H0031080000 the articles being piled one above another B65H0031100000 and applied at the top of the pile B65H0031120000 Devices relieving the weight of the pile or permitting or effecting movement of the pile end support during piling B65H0031140000 Springs (fluid springs B65H0031160000);; B65H0031160000 Fluid-pressure devices B65H0031180000 Positively-acting mechanical devices B65H0031200000 adjustable for different article sizes B65H0031220000 removable or interchangeable B65H0031240000 multiple or compartmented, e.g. for alternate, programmed, or selective filling B65H0031260000 Auxiliary devices for retaining articles in the pile B65H0031280000 Bands, chains, and like moving receivers (for articles piled on edge B65H0031060000);; B65H0031300000 Arrangements for removing completed piles (band, chain, and like moving receivers B65H0031280000);; B65H0031320000 Auxiliary devices for receiving articles during removal of a completed pile B65H0031340000 Apparatus for squaring-up piled articles B65H0031360000 Auxiliary devices for contacting each article with a front stop as it is piled B65H0031380000 Apparatus for vibrating or knocking the pile during piling B65H0031400000 Separate receivers, troughs, and like apparatus for knocking-up completed piles B65H0033000000 Forming counted batches in delivery pile or stream of articles B65H0033020000 by moving a blade or like member into the pile B65H0033040000 by inserting marker slips in pile or stream B65H0033060000 by displacing articles to define batches B65H0033080000 Displacing whole batches, e.g. forming stepped piles B65H0033100000 Displacing the end articles of a batch B65H0033120000 by creating gaps in the stream B65H0033140000 by diverting batches to separate receivers B65H0033160000 by depositing articles in batches on moving supports B65H0033180000 with separators between adjacent batches B65H0035000000 Delivering articles from cutting or line-perforating machines; Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices, e.g. of the kinds specified below (cutting or perforating machines or devices in general B26D, B26F);; B65H0035020000 from or with longitudinal slitters or perforators B65H0035040000 from or with transverse cutters or perforators B65H0035060000 from or with blade, e.g. shear-blade, cutters or perforators (from or with revolving blade B65H0035080000);; B65H0035080000 from or with revolving, e.g. cylinder, cutters or perforators B65H0035100000 from or with devices for breaking partially-cut or perforated webs, e.g. bursters B65H0037000000 Article or web delivery apparatus incorporating devices for performing specified auxiliary operations (incorporating cutting or line-perforating devices B65H0035000000);; B65H0037020000 for applying adhesive (and securing together B65H0037040000);; B65H0037040000 for securing together articles or webs, e.g. by adhesive, stitching, or stapling B65H0037060000 for folding B65H0039000000 Associating or gathering articles or webs (machines for both collating or gathering and permanently attaching together sheets or signatures B42C0001000000);; B65H0039020000 Associating or gathering articles from several sources B65H0039040000 from piles B65H0039060000 from delivery streams B65H0039080000 by collecting on the periphery of cylinders B65H0039100000 Associating articles from a single source to form a thin sheet-like pile or article, e.g. a writing pad (laminating B32B);; B65H0039120000 by collecting on the periphery of cylinders B65H0039140000 Associating sheets with webs B65H0039160000 Associating two or more webs B65H0041000000 Machines for separating superposed webs B65H0043000000 Use of control, checking, or safety devices, e.g. automatic devices comprising an element for sensing a variable B65H0043020000 detecting, or responding to, absence of articles (B65H0043080000 takes precedence);; B65H0043040000 detecting, or responding to, presence of faulty articles (B65H0043080000 takes precedence);; B65H0043060000 detecting, or responding to, completion of pile (B65H0043080000 takes precedence);; B65H0043080000 Photoelectric devices B65H0045000000 Folding thin material (in the manufacture or treatment of particular products, see appropriate sub-classes);; B65H0045020000 Folding limp material without application of pressure to define or form crease lines (winding or unwinding fabrics for feeding to or from machines B65H0017000000-B65H0027000000; folding garments for packaging purposes B65B; folding fabrics in sewing machines D05B) B65H0045040000 Folding sheets B65H0045060000 Folding webs (B65H0017500000 takes precedence);; B65H0045080000 longitudinally B65H0045090000 Doubling, i.e. folding into half of width B65H0045100000 transversely B65H0045101000 in combination with laying, i.e. forming a zig-zag pile B65H0045103000 by a carriage which reciprocates above the laying station B65H0045105000 coacting with fold holders B65H0045107000 by means of swinging or reciprocating guide bars B65H0045109000 Registering or counting the folds; Detecting irregularities in the zig-zag pile B65H0045120000 Folding articles or webs with application of pressure to define or form crease lines (B65H0017500000 takes precedence;pleating, kilting, or goffering textile fabrics D06J) B65H0045140000 Buckling folders B65H0045160000 Rotary folders B65H0045180000 Oscillating or reciprocating blade folders (carried on rotary members B65H0045160000);; B65H0045200000 Zig-zag folders B65H0045220000 Longitudinal folders, i.e. for folding moving sheet material parallel to the direction of movement B65H0045240000 Interfolding sheets, e.g. cigarette or toilet papers B65H0045260000 Folding in combination with unpiling (unpiling B65H0003000000);; B65H0045280000 Folding in combination with cutting (cutting machines B26D);; B65H0045300000 Folding in combination with creasing, smoothing, or application of adhesive B65H0047000000 Unfolding thin limp material (B65H0017500000 takes precedence;opening devices for sheets or signatures B65H0005300000) B65H0049000000 Unwinding or paying-out filamentary material; Supporting, storing, or transporting packages from which filamentary material is to be withdrawn or paid-out (withdrawal arrangements, intermediate paying-out and take-up devices B65H0051000000;winding B65H0054000000; bobbins, tubes, or other cores for packages B65H0075000000) B65H0049020000 Methods or apparatus in which packages do not rotate B65H0049040000 Package-supporting devices B65H0049060000 for a single operative package B65H0049080000 enclosing the package B65H0049100000 for one operative package and one or more reserve packages B65H0049120000 the reserve packages being mounted to permit manual or automatic transfer to operating position B65H0049140000 for several operative packages B65H0049160000 Stands for frameworks B65H0049180000 Methods or apparatus in which packages rotate (flyers or other guides assisting paying-out B65H0057000000;supports or holders, for storing and repeatedly paying-out and rewinding lengths of material provided for particular purposes B65H0075340000) B65H0049200000 Package-supporting devices B65H0049220000 Overhead suspension devices B65H0049240000 Rollers B65H0049260000 Axial shafts or spigots B65H0049280000 Turntables B65H0049300000 Swifts or skein holders B65H0049320000 Stands or frameworks B65H0049340000 Arrangements for effecting positive rotation of packages B65H0049360000 Securing packages to supporting devices (arrangements for applying packages to, or removing from, supports B65H0065000000, B65H0067000000);; B65H0049380000 Skips, cages, racks, or containers, adapted solely for the transport or storage of bobbins, cops, or the like B65H0051000000 Forwarding filamentary material (stretch-spinning methods D01D0005120000;drawing or drafting rovings or the like D01H0005000000) B65H0051020000 Rotary devices, e.g. with helical forwarding surfaces (devices for temporarily storing filamentary material during forwarding B65H0051200000;driven rotary devices for controlling tension B65H0059180000) B65H0051040000 Rollers, pulleys, capstans, or intermeshing rotary elements B65H0051060000 arranged to operate singly B65H0051080000 arranged to operate in groups or in co-operation with other elements B65H0051100000 with opposed coacting surfaces, e.g. providing nips B65H0051120000 in spaced relation to provide a series of independent forwarding surfaces around which material is passed or wound B65H0051140000 Aprons, endless belts, lattices, or like driven elements B65H0051160000 Devices for entraining material by flow of liquids or gases, e.g. air-blast devices (blowing slag wool in molten state C03B0037060000);; B65H0051180000 Gripping devices with linear motion B65H0051200000 Devices for temporarily storing filamentary material during forwarding, e.g. for buffer storage B65H0051220000 Reels or cages, e.g. cylindrical, with storing and forwarding surfaces provided by rollers or bars B65H0051240000 with interdigitating bars B65H0051260000 Rollers or bars mounted askew to facilitate movement of filamentary material along them, e.g. pairs of canted rollers B65H0051280000 Arrangements for initiating a forwarding operation B65H0051300000 Devices controlling the forwarding speed to synchronise with supply, treatment, or take-up apparatus (B65H0059100000, B65H0059380000 take precedence);; B65H0051320000 Supporting or driving arrangements for forwarding devices B65H0054000000 Winding, coiling, or depositing filamentary material (cores, formers, holders, cans, or receptacles B65H0075020000);; B65H0054020000 Winding and traversing material on to reels, bobbins, tubes, or like package cores or formers B65H0054040000 for making packages with closely-wound convolutions B65H0054060000 for making cross-wound packages B65H0054080000 Precision winding arrangements B65H0054100000 for making packages of specified shapes or on specified types of bobbins, tubes, cores, or formers B65H0054120000 on flanged bobbins or spools (B65H0054200000 takes precedence);; B65H0054140000 on tubes, cores, or formers having generally- parallel sides, e.g. cops or packages to be loaded into loom shuttles B65H0054160000 forming bottle bobbin packages B65H0054180000 forming spools to be loaded into sewing, lace, embroidery, or like machines B65H0054200000 forming multiple packages B65H0054220000 Automatic winding machines, i.e. machines with servicing units for automatically performing end-finding, interconnecting of successive lengths of material, controlling and fault-detecting of the running material, and replacing or removing of full or empty cores B65H0054240000 having a plurality of winding units moving along an endless path past one or more fixed servicing units B65H0054260000 having one or more servicing units moving along a plurality of fixed winding units B65H0054280000 Traversing devices; Package-shaping arrangements (arrangements for preventing ribbon winding B65H0054380000;grooved, slotted, or split drums for driving of packages B65H0054460000) B65H0054300000 with thread guides reciprocating with fixed stroke B65H0054320000 with thread guides reciprocating with variable stroke B65H0054340000 for laying subsidiary winding, e.g. transfer tails B65H0054360000 Yarn-guide advancing or raising mechanisms, e.g. cop-building arrangements B65H0054380000 Arrangements for preventing ribbon winding B65H0054400000 Arrangements for rotating packages B65H0054420000 in which the package, core, or former is rotated by frictional contact of its periphery with a driving surface B65H0054440000 in which the package, core, or former is engaged with, or secured to, a driven member rotatable about the axis of the package B65H0054460000 Package drive drums B65H0054480000 Grooved drums B65H0054500000 Slotted or split drums B65H0054520000 Drive contact pressure control, e.g. pressing arrangements B65H0054540000 Arrangements for supporting cores or formers at winding stations; Securing cores or formers to driving members B65H0054560000 Winding of hanks or skeins B65H0054580000 Swifts or reels adapted solely for the formation of hanks or skeins (B65H0049300000 takes precedence);; B65H0054600000 Devices for domestic use B65H0054620000 Binding of skeins B65H0054640000 Winding of balls; Forming hollow objects by winding on to fusible or soluble cores, e.g. forming pressure vessels B65H0054660000 Winding yarns into balls B65H0054680000 Winding on to cards or other flat cores, e.g. of star form B65H0054700000 Other constructional features of yarn-winding machines B65H0054720000 Framework; Casings; Coverings B65H0054740000 Driving arrangements (arrangements for preventing ribbon winding B65H0054380000;arrangements for rotating packages B65H0054400000) B65H0054760000 Depositing materials in cans or receptacles B65H0054780000 Apparatus in which the depositing device or the receptacle is reciprocated B65H0054800000 Apparatus in which the depositing device or the receptacle is rotated B65H0054820000 and in which coils are formed before deposition B65H0054840000 Arrangements for compacting materials in receptacles B65H0054860000 Arrangements for taking-up waste material before or after winding or depositing B65H0055000000 Wound packages of filamentary material B65H0055020000 Self-supporting packages B65H0055040000 characterised by method of winding B65H0057000000 Guides for filamentary materials; Supports therefor B65H0057020000 Stationary rods or plates B65H0057040000 Guiding surfaces within slots or grooves B65H0057060000 Annular guiding surfaces; Eyes, e.g. pigtails B65H0057080000 formed of wire or the like B65H0057100000 with flared apertures B65H0057120000 Tubes B65H0057140000 Pulleys, rollers, or rotary bars B65H0057160000 formed to maintain a plurality of filaments in spaced relation B65H0057180000 mounted to facilitate unwinding of material from packages B65H0057200000 Flyers (for inserting twist D01H);; B65H0057220000 adapted to prevent excessive ballooning of material B65H0057240000 with wear-resistant surfaces B65H0057260000 Supports for guides B65H0057280000 Arrangements for affecting lateral traversing movements of guides (for laying material on packages B65H0054280000);; B65H0059000000 Adjusting or controlling tension in filamentary material, e.g. for preventing snarling; Applications of tension indicators (tensioning devices of general interest in connection with the handling of webs, tapes, or filamentary material B65H0077000000);; B65H0059020000 by regulating delivery of material from supply package (by contact of package with support B65H0049020000;by controlling speed of driving mechanism of unwinding or paying-out devices B65H0059380000) B65H0059040000 by devices acting on package or support B65H0059060000 by devices acting on material leaving the package B65H0059080000 by contact of running length of material with supply package B65H0059100000 by devices acting on running material and not associated with supply or take-up devices (by controlling speed of driving mechanism of material-forwarding devices B65H0059380000);; B65H0059120000 Stationary elements arranged to deflect material from straight path B65H0059140000 and provided with surfaces imposing additional retarding forces on material B65H0059160000 Braked elements rotated by material B65H0059180000 Driven rotary elements (material-forwarding devices B65H0051000000);; B65H0059200000 Co-operating surfaces mounted for relative movement B65H0059220000 and arranged to apply pressure to material B65H0059240000 Surfaces movable automatically to compensate for variation in tension B65H0059260000 and arranged to deflect material from straight path B65H0059280000 the surfaces being urged towards each other B65H0059300000 Surfaces movable automatically to compensate for variation in tension B65H0059320000 the surfaces being urged away from each other B65H0059340000 Surfaces movable automatically to compensate for variation in tension B65H0059360000 Floating elements compensating for irregularities in supply or take-up of material (buffer storage devices B65H0051200000);; B65H0059380000 by regulating speed of driving mechanism of unwinding, paying-out, forwarding, winding, or depositing devices, e.g. automatically in response to variations in tension B65H0059400000 Applications of tension indicators B65H0061000000 Applications of devices for metering predetermined lengths of running material (of general application G01B);; B65H0063000000 Warning or safety devices, e.g. automatic fault detectors, stop-motions (safety devices in general F16P;indicating devices in general G08B) B65H0063020000 responsive to reduction in material tension, failure of supply, or breakage, of material B65H0063040000 responsive to excessive tension or irregular operation of apparatus B65H0063060000 responsive to presence of irregularities in running material, e.g. for severing the material at irregularities B65H0063080000 responsive to delivery of a measured length of material, completion of winding of a package, or filling of a receptacle B65H0065000000 Securing material to cores or formers (reels with arrangements for positively securing ends of material B65H0075280000);; B65H0067000000 Replacing or removing cores, receptacles, or completed packages at paying-out, winding, or depositing stations B65H0067020000 Arrangements for removing spent cores or receptacles and replacing by supply packages at paying-out stations (supports for packages B65H0049040000, B65H0049200000);; B65H0067040000 Arrangements for removing completed take-up packages and replacing by cores, formers, or empty receptacles at winding or depositing stations; Transferring material between adjacent full and empty take-up elements B65H0067060000 Supplying cores, receptacles, or packages to, or transporting from, winding or depositing stations B65H0067080000 Automatic end-finding and material-interconnecting arrangements (knot-tying devices B65H0069000000);; B65H0069000000 Methods of, or devices for, interconnecting successive lengths of material; Knot-tying devices B65H0069020000 by means of adhesives B65H0069040000 by knotting B65H0069060000 by splicing B65H0069080000 by welding B65H0071000000 Moistening, sizing, oiling, waxing, colouring, or drying filamentary material as additional measures during package formation B65H0073000000 Stripping waste material from cores or formers, e.g. to permit their re-use B65H0075000000 Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels (fishing reels A01K0089000000;storing means specially adapted for information-record carriers G11B0023020000) B65H0075020000 Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans (packaging aspects B65D0085670000);; B65H0075040000 Kinds or types (B65H0075180000 takes precedence);; B65H0075060000 Flat cores, e.g. cards B65H0075080000 of circular or polygonal cross-section (cans or receptacles B65H0075160000);; B65H0075100000 without flanges, e.g. cop tubes B65H0075120000 with a single end flange; formed with one end of greater diameter than the barrel B65H0075140000 with two end flanges B65H0075160000 Cans or receptacles, e.g. sliver cans B65H0075180000 Constructional details B65H0075200000 Skeleton construction, e.g. formed of wire B65H0075220000 collapsible; with removable parts B65H0075240000 adjustable in configuration, e.g. expansible B65H0075260000 Arrangements for preventing slipping of winding B65H0075280000 Arrangements for positively securing ends of material B65H0075300000 Arrangements to facilitate driving or braking B65H0075320000 Arrangements to facilitate severing of material B65H0075340000 specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and rewinding lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables B65H0075360000 for coiled or looped material B65H0075380000 for wound material, e.g. mounted on walls B65H0075400000 mobile or transportable B65H0075420000 attached to, or forming part of, mobile tools or machines B65H0075440000 Constructional details B65H0075460000 Connections to fluid or power lines B65H0075480000 Automatic rewind devices B65H0075500000 Methods of making reels, bobbins, cop tubes, or the like by working an unspecified material, or several materials B65H0077000000 Adjusting or controlling tension in material B65H0079000000 Driving gear for devices for forwarding, winding, unwinding, or depositing material, not otherwise provided for B65H0081000000 Methods, apparatus, or devices for covering or wrapping cores by winding webs, tapes, or filamentary material, not otherwise provided for (forming hollow objects by winding filamentary material on to fusible or soluble cores B65H0054640000;making wound articles of paper B31C) B65H0081020000 Covering or wrapping annular or like cores forming a closed or substantially-closed figure B65H0081040000 by feeding material obliquely to the axis of the core B65H0081060000 Covering or wrapping elongated cores B65H0081080000 by feeding material obliquely to the axis of the core B65J CONTAINER TRAFFIC B65J0001000000 Container traffic (floating tubes for transporting loads B63B);; B65J0001020000 Containers B65J0001040000 supported by skids B65J0001060000 supported on castors, rolls, or the like B65J0001080000 Transfer of containers B65J0001100000 using bridging means B65J0001120000 using means for moving containers B65J0001140000 substantially horizontally B65J0001160000 the means being hydraulic B65J0001180000 substantially vertically B65J0001200000 Lifting or lowering containers by using slanted guides B65J0001220000 Securing containers to vehicles B65J0001240000 Protecting against shocks B66 HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING B66B ELEVATORS (funicular railbound systems with rigid ground-supported tracks and cable traction, e.g. cliff railways, B61B0009000000;arrangements of ammunition handlers in vessels B63G0003000000; paternoster-type hoists or lifts combined or associated with loading or unloading devices or apparatus B65G; braking or detent devices controlling normal movements of winding drums or barrels B66D; ship-lifting devices E02C; garages for many vehicles with mechanical means for lifting vehicles E04H0006120000; hoists for feeding ammunition or projectiles to launching apparatus or to loading mechanisms F41F0009040000; safety aspects of hoisting gun ammunition in preparation for immediate use F42B0041040000) B66B0001000000 Control systems of elevators in general (safety devices B66B0005000000;controlling door or gate operation B66B0013000000; systems of general application G05) B66B0001020000 Control systems without regulation, i.e. without retroactive action B66B0001040000 hydraulic B66B0001060000 electric B66B0001080000 with devices, e.g. handles or levers, in the cars or cages for direct control of movements B66B0001100000 specially adapted for mining hoists B66B0001120000 with devices, e.g. handles or levers, located at a control station for direct control of movements, e.g. electric mining-hoist control systems B66B0001140000 with devices, e.g. push-buttons, for indirect control of movements B66B0001160000 with means for storing pulses controlling the movements of a single car or cage B66B0001180000 with means for storing pulses controlling the movements of several cars or cages B66B0001200000 and for varying the manner of operation to suit particular traffic conditions, e.g. "one-way rush-hour traffic" B66B0001220000 with means for taking account of delayed calls B66B0001240000 Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration B66B0001260000 mechanical B66B0001280000 electrical (detecting excessive speed B66B0005040000);; B66B0001300000 effective on driving gear B66B0001320000 effective on braking devices B66B0001340000 Details B66B0001360000 Means for stopping the cars, cages, or skips at predetermined levels B66B0001380000 and for returning the controlling handle or lever to its neutral position B66B0001400000 and for correct levelling at landings B66B0001420000 separate from the main drive B66B0001440000 and for taking account of disturbance factors, e.g. variation of load weight B66B0001460000 Adaptations of switches or switchgear (switches or switchgear in general, applications of switches or switchgear for floor-levelling purpose H01H;control panels H02B0001020000) B66B0001480000 Adaptations of mechanically-operated limit switches (for cranes B66C0013500000;for winding mechanisms B66D0001560000) B66B0001500000 with operating or control mechanisms mounted in the car or cage or in the lift well or hoistway B66B0001520000 Floor selectors B66B0003000000 Applications of devices for indicating or signalling operating conditions (of general application G08);; B66B0003020000 Position or depth indicators B66B0005000000 Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices (to lift doors or gates B66B0013000000);; B66B0005020000 responsive to abnormal operating conditions B66B0005040000 for detecting excessive speed B66B0005060000 electrical B66B0005080000 for preventing overwinding B66B0005100000 electrical B66B0005120000 in case of rope or cable slack B66B0005140000 in case of excessive loads B66B0005160000 Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well B66B0005180000 and applying frictional retarding forces B66B0005200000 by means of rotatable eccentrically-mounted members (B66B0005240000 takes precedence);; B66B0005220000 by means of linearly-movable wedges (B66B0005240000 takes precedence);; B66B0005240000 by acting on guide ropes or cables B66B0005260000 Positively-acting devices, e.g. latches, knives B66B0005280000 Buffer-stops for cars, cages, or skips B66B0007000000 Other common features of elevators B66B0007020000 Guideways; Guides (arrangements in mine shafts E21D0007020000);; B66B0007040000 Shoes; Rollers B66B0007060000 Arrangements of ropes or cables B66B0007080000 for connection to the cars or cages, e.g. couplings B66B0007100000 for equalising rope or cable tension B66B0007120000 Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables, or guides B66B0009000000 Kinds or types of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures (characterised by control systems B66B0001000000;apparatus for raising or lowering persons on stages of theatres A63J0005120000) B66B0009020000 actuated mechanically otherwise than by rope or cable B66B0009040000 actuated pneumatically or hydraulically (platforms for lifting or lowering through short distances B66F0007000000);; B66B0009060000 inclined, e.g. serving blast furnaces B66B0009080000 associated with stairways, e.g. for transporting disabled persons B66B0009100000 Paternoster type (with devices for transferring goods into, or out of, the compartments B65G0017000000);; B66B0009120000 Escalators or like moving stairways (endless conveyers B65G0017000000);; B66B0009140000 Handrails therefor B66B0009160000 Lift installations adapted to be shifted from one part of a building or other structure to another part B66B0009180000 adapted for temporary connection to buildings or other structures for erection purposes B66B0009200000 Mobile or transportable lifts with liftways supported independently of building or structure B66B0011000000 Main component parts of lifts in, or associated with, buildings or other structures B66B0011020000 Cages (doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages B66B0013000000);; B66B0011040000 Driving gear B66B0011060000 with hoisting rope or cable positively attached to a winding drum B66B0011080000 with hoisting rope or cable operated by frictional engagement with a winding drum or sheave B66B0013000000 Doors, gates, or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cages or lift-well landings (door fittings, locks E05);; B66B0013020000 Door or gate operation (of general application E05F);; B66B0013040000 of swinging doors B66B0013060000 of sliding doors B66B0013080000 guided for horizontal movement B66B0013100000 by car or cage movement B66B0013120000 Arrangements for effecting simultaneous opening or closing of cage and landing doors B66B0013140000 Control systems or devices B66B0013160000 Door or gate locking devices controlled or primarily controlled by condition of cage, e.g. movement or position B66B0013180000 without manually-operable devices for completing locking or unlocking of doors B66B0013200000 Lock mechanisms actuated mechanically by abutments or projections on the cages B66B0013220000 Operation of door or gate contacts B66B0013240000 Safety devices in passenger lifts, not otherwise provided for, for preventing trapping of passengers B66B0013260000 between closing doors B66B0013280000 between car or cage and wells B66B0013300000 Constructional features of doors or gates (of interest apart from this application E06B);; B66B0015000000 Main component parts of mining-hoist winding devices B66B0015020000 Rope or cable carriers B66B0015040000 Friction sheaves; "Koepe" pulleys B66B0015060000 Drums B66B0015080000 Driving gear B66B0017000000 Hoistway equipment B66B0017020000 mounted in head-frames (winding towers for mines E04H0012260000);; B66B0017040000 Mining-hoist cars or cages B66B0017060000 with tiltable platforms B66B0017080000 Mining skips B66B0017100000 adapted for passenger transport B66B0017120000 Counterpoises B66B0017140000 Applications of loading and unloading equipment (of general application B65G);; B66B0017160000 for loading and unloading mining-hoist cars or cages B66B0017180000 Swinging bridges, e.g. for compensating for differences in level between car or cage and landing B66B0017200000 by moving vehicles into, or out of, the cars or cages B66B0017220000 Securing vehicles in cars or cages B66B0017240000 mounted on the car or cage B66B0017260000 for loading or unloading mining-hoist skips B66B0017280000 electrically controlled (for elevators in general B66B0001060000);; B66B0017300000 for cars or cages B66B0017320000 for skips B66B0017340000 Safe lift clips; Keps B66B0017360000 Gates or other apparatus controlling access to, or exit from, cars, cages, or hoistway landings B66B0019000000 Mining-hoist operation B66B0019020000 Installing or exchanging ropes or cables B66B0019040000 Installing or removing mining-hoist cars, cages, or skips B66B0019060000 Applications of signalling devices (depth indicators B66B0003020000;order telegraphs G08B) B66C CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES (rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms, braking or detent devices therefor B66D;specially adapted for nuclear reactors G21) B66C0001000000 Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting, lowering gear of cranes, or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles (fastening to cables or ropes F16G0011000000);; B66C0001020000 by suction means B66C0001040000 by magnetic means B66C0001060000 electromagnetic B66C0001080000 Circuits therefor (for electromagnets in general H01F0007180000);; B66C0001100000 by mechanical means B66C0001120000 Slings comprising chains, wires, ropes, or bands; Nets (article side grippers suspended by ropes or chains from crane hooks B66C0001420000);; B66C0001140000 Slings with hooks B66C0001160000 Slings with load-engaging platforms or frameworks B66C0001180000 Band-type slings B66C0001200000 specially adapted for handling vehicles B66C0001220000 Rigid members, e.g. L-shaped members, with parts engaging the under surface of the loads; Crane hooks B66C0001240000 Single members engaging the loads from one side only B66C0001260000 with means for releasing the loads B66C0001280000 Duplicate, e.g. pivoted, members engaging the loads from two sides B66C0001300000 and also arranged to grip the sides of the loads B66C0001320000 of piled or stacked articles B66C0001340000 Crane hooks B66C0001360000 with means, e.g. spring-biased detents, for preventing inadvertent disengagement of loads B66C0001380000 adapted for automatic disengagement from loads on release of cable tensions (for parachutes B64D);; B66C0001400000 formed or fitted with load-measuring or indicating devices B66C0001420000 Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles B66C0001440000 and applying frictional forces B66C0001460000 by inflatable elements B66C0001480000 to vertical edge portions of sheets, tubes, or like thin or thin-walled articles (internally-expanding grippers B66C0001540000);; B66C0001500000 specially adapted for stripping and handling ingots B66C0001520000 and actuated by driving gear thereon B66C0001540000 Internally-expanding grippers for handling hollow articles B66C0001560000 for handling tubes B66C0001580000 and deforming the articles, e.g. tongs for sacks B66C0001600000 permanently, e.g. grapples B66C0001620000 comprising article-engaging members of a shape complementary to that of the articles to be handled B66C0001640000 for T- or I-section beams or girders B66C0001660000 for engaging holes, recesses, or abutments on articles specially provided for facilitating handling thereof B66C0001680000 mounted on, or guided by, jibs (jibs B66C0023640000);; B66C0003000000 Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith and intended primarily for transmitting lifting forces to loose materials; Grabs (buckets and other containers B65D, e.g. pallets B65D0019000000;dredges equipped with grabs E02F) B66C0003020000 Bucket grabs B66C0003040000 Tine grabs B66C0003060000 Grabs actuated by a single rope or chain B66C0003080000 and having tipping rings B66C0003100000 and having buckets opening automatically upon the grab being lowered on to the dump of material B66C0003120000 Grabs actuated by two or more ropes B66C0003140000 Grabs opened or closed by driving motors thereon B66C0003160000 by fluid motors B66C0003180000 by electric motors B66C0003200000 mounted on, or guided by, jibs (jibs B66C0023640000);; B66C0005000000 Base-supporting structures with legs B66C0005020000 Fixed or travelling bridges or gantries, i.e. elongated structures of inverted-L- or of inverted-U-shape B66C0005040000 with runways or tracks supported for movements relative to bridge or gantry B66C0005060000 with runways or tracks supported for lateral swinging movements B66C0005080000 with vertically-inclinable runways or tracks B66C0005100000 Portals, i.e. essentially circular or square platforms with three or more legs specially adapted for supporting slewing jib cranes B66C0006000000 Girders, or track-supporting structures, specially adapted for cranes but not restricted to a specific type of crane (base-supporting structures with legs B66C0005000000;girders in general E04C0003020000) B66C0007000000 Runways, tracks, or trackways for trolleys or cranes B66C0007020000 for underhung trolleys or cranes B66C0007040000 Trackway suspension B66C0007060000 on supports constructed for easy erection, e.g. transportable B66C0007080000 Constructional features of runway rails or rail mountings (of general application E01B);; B66C0007100000 Arrangements or devices for extending runways or tracks B66C0007120000 Devices for changing direction of travel or for transferring from one runway to another; Crossings; Combinations of tracks of different gauges (transfer devices of general application E01B);; B66C0007140000 Runway interlocking devices B66C0007160000 Devices specially adapted for limiting trolley or crane travel; Arrangements of buffer-stops (buffer-stops of interest apart from this application B61K0007180000;limit-switch arrangements, limit circuits B66D0001560000) B66C0009000000 Travelling gear incorporated in, or fitted to, trolleys or cranes (for dredgers E02F);; B66C0009020000 for underhung trolleys or cranes B66C0009040000 to facilitate negotiation of curves B66C0009060000 for more than one rail gauge B66C0009080000 Runners; Runner bearings (wheels for railbound vehicles B60B);; B66C0009100000 Undercarriages or bogies, e.g. end carriages, end bogies B66C0009120000 with load-distributing means for equalising wheel pressure B66C0009140000 Trolley or crane travel drives (rope, cable, or chain drives for loads or trolleys B66C0011160000;control B66C0013180000) B66C0009160000 with means for maintaining alignment between wheels and track B66C0009180000 with means for locking trolleys or cranes to runways or tracks to prevent inadvertent movements B66C0011000000 Trolleys or crabs, e.g. operating above runways (winch mechanisms B66D);; B66C0011020000 with operating gear or operator's cabin suspended, or laterally offset, from runway or track B66C0011040000 Underhung trolleys (power-operated hoists with driving motor and drum or barrel contained in a common housing B66D0003200000);; B66C0011060000 running on monorails (overhead railway systems B61B);; B66C0011080000 with turntables B66C0011100000 equipped with jibs (jib cranes B66C0023000000);; B66C0011120000 having hoisting gear adapted to special load-engaging elements and not otherwise provided for B66C0011140000 adapted to operate on crane or bridge structure of particular configuration, e.g. on reinforced concrete girders of rectangular cross-section B66C0011160000 Rope, cable, or chain drives for trolleys; Combinations of such drives with hoisting gear B66C0011180000 comprising endless ropes or cables B66C0011200000 Arrangements, e.g. comprising differential gears, enabling simultaneous or selective operation of travelling and hoisting gear; Arrangements using the same rope or cable for both travelling and hoisting, e.g. in Temperley cranes (power transmissions between driving motors and winch drums B66D0001140000);; B66C0011220000 actuated pneumatically or hydraulically B66C0011240000 with means for locating or sustaining the loads or trolleys in predetermined positions; Hay hoists B66C0011260000 Abutments; Stop blocks; End stops B66C0013000000 Other constructional features or details B66C0013020000 Devices for facilitating retrieval of floating objects, e.g. for recovering craft from water (handling lifeboats B63B;hauling-out waterborne vessels on slipways B63C; winding mechanism controls B66D0001520000) B66C0013040000 Auxiliary devices for controlling movements of suspended loads, or for preventing cable slack B66C0013060000 for minimising or preventing longitudinal or transverse swinging of loads B66C0013080000 for depositing loads in desired attitudes or positions B66C0013100000 for preventing cable slack (control devices for rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms, e.g. for controlling tension, B66D0001400000);; B66C0013120000 Arrangements of means for transmitting pneumatic, hydraulic, or electric power to movable parts or devices B66C0013140000 to load-engaging elements or motors associated therewith B66C0013160000 Applications of indicating, registering, or weighing devices (in crane hooks B66C0001400000;in safety gear B66C0015000000; weighing-apparatus G01G; remote indicating in general G08) B66C0013180000 Control systems or devices (exclusively for rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms B66D0001400000);; B66C0013200000 for non-electric drives (transmitting control pulses B66C0013400000);; B66C0013220000 for electric drives (transmitting control pulses B66C0013400000;systems or devices of general application H02P) B66C0013230000 Circuits for controlling the lowering of the load B66C0013240000 by dc motors B66C0013260000 by ac motors B66C0013280000 utilising regenerative braking for controlling descent of heavy loads and having means for preventing rotation of motor in the hoisting direction when load is released B66C0013300000 Circuits for braking, traversing, or slewing motors B66C0013320000 for operating grab-bucket hoists by means of one or more electric motors used both for hoisting and lowering the loads and for opening and closing the bucket jaws (other aspects of rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms specially adapted for actuating grab buckets B66D0001620000);; B66C0013340000 through differential or planetary gearing B66C0013360000 Single-motor-drive control systems B66C0013380000 Systems controlling independent motors B66C0013400000 Applications of devices for transmitting control pulses; Applications of remote control devices (control in general G05);; B66C0013420000 Hydraulic transmitters B66C0013440000 Electrical transmitters B66C0013460000 Position indicators for suspended loads or for crane elements B66C0013480000 Automatic control of crane drives for producing a single or repeated working cycle; Programme control B66C0013500000 Applications of limit circuits or of limit-switch arrangements (for winding mechanisms B66D0001560000);; B66C0013520000 Details of compartments for driving engines or motors or of operator's stands or cabins B66C0013540000 Operator's stands or cabins B66C0013560000 Arrangements of handles or pedals B66C0015000000 Safety gear (for rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms B66D0001540000);; B66C0015020000 for retaining load-engaging elements in the event of rope or cable breakage B66C0015040000 for preventing collisions, e.g. between cranes or trolleys operating on the same track B66C0017000000 Overhead travelling cranes comprising one or more substantially-horizontal girders the ends of which are directly supported by wheels or rollers running on tracks carried by spaced supports B66C0017020000 Adaptations of girders or of track-supporting structures B66C0017040000 with lifting beams, e.g. slewable beams, carrying load-engaging elements, e.g. magnets, hooks (constructions of load-engaging elements B66C0001000000, B66C0003000000);; B66C0017060000 specially adapted for particular purposes, e.g. in foundries, forges; combined with auxiliary apparatus serving particular purposes (B66C0017040000 takes precedence);; B66C0017080000 for charging treatment chambers, e.g. furnaces, kilns, ovens (charging apparatus associated with hearth furnaces for steel manufacture F27D0003000000);; B66C0017100000 for transporting ladles B66C0017120000 for handling workpieces, e.g. ingots, which require to be supported temporarily within, or withdrawn from, a treatment chamber, e.g. tong cranes, soaking-pit cranes, stripper cranes (for manipulating ingots during forging B66C0017180000;ingot grippers B66C0001500000) B66C0017140000 Tong cranes with means for moving article-pushers relative to the tongs B66C0017160000 Tong cranes with means for turning the tongs about a vertical axis B66C0017180000 for manipulating workpieces during forging operations (workpiece manipulators in forging machines B21J0013100000);; B66C0017200000 for hoisting or lowering heavy load carriers, e.g. freight containers, railway wagons B66C0017220000 for hoisting or lowering locomotives B66C0017240000 for building ships on slipways B66C0017260000 combined with auxiliary apparatus, e.g. log saws, pushers for unloading vehicles, means for shunting railway vehicles B66C0019000000 Cranes comprising trolleys or crabs running on fixed or movable bridges or gantries (B66C0017000000 takes precedence;base-supporting structures with legs B66C0005000000; jib cranes B66C0023000000) B66C0019020000 collapsible B66C0021000000 Cable cranes, i.e. comprising hoisting devices running on aerial cable-ways (rope or cable drives for trolleys, combinations of such drives with hoisting gear B66C0011160000;railway systems B61B; rope or cable winding mechanisms B66D0001000000) B66C0021020000 with cable-ways supported on framework swingably connected to ground-engaging elements B66C0021040000 with cable-ways supported at one end or both ends on bodily-movable framework, e.g. framework mounted on rail track B66C0021060000 with one end supported on a framework movable in a curved, e.g. circular, path and the other end by a column rotatable around a vertical axis B66C0021080000 Sag carriers or rope trolleys, suspended or not, e.g. fixed but offering clearance for travelling gear B66C0021100000 travelling B66C0023000000 Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory or swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib cranes, derricks, tower cranes (base-supporting structures with legs B66C0005000000);; B66C0023020000 with non-adjustable and non-inclinable jibs mounted solely for slewing movements B66C0023040000 with jibs the effective length of which is variable in operation, e.g. longitudinally displaceable, extensible B66C0023060000 with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements B66C0023080000 and adapted to move the loads in predetermined paths B66C0023100000 the paths being substantially horizontal; Level-luffing jib cranes B66C0023120000 with means for automatically varying the effective length of the hoisting rope or cable B66C0023140000 with means, e.g. pantograph arrangements, for varying jib configuration B66C0023160000 with jibs supported by columns, e.g. towers having their lower end mounted for slewing movements B66C0023180000 specially adapted for use in particular purposes B66C0023200000 with supporting couples provided by walls of buildings or like structures B66C0023220000 Window cranes, i.e. adapted to be supported in window openings B66C0023240000 Mobile wall cranes B66C0023260000 for use on building sites; constructed, e.g. with separable parts, to facilitate rapid assembly or dismantling, for operation at successively higher levels, for transport by road or rail (with supporting couples provided by walls or buildings B66C0023200000;mounted on vehicles B66C0023360000; jib constructions B66C0023640000) B66C0023280000 constructed to operate at successively higher levels B66C0023300000 with frameworks composed of telescopic elements B66C0023320000 Self-hoisting cranes B66C0023340000 Self-erecting cranes, i.e. with hoisting gear adapted for crane erection purposes B66C0023360000 mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes (with pneumatic or hydraulic motors B66C0023540000;vehicle or ship aspects B60-B63) B66C0023380000 with separate prime movers for crane and vehicle B66C0023400000 with a single prime mover for both crane and vehicle B66C0023420000 with jibs of adjustable configuration, e.g. foldable B66C0023440000 Jib cranes adapted for attachment to standard vehicles, e.g. agricultural tractors B66C0023460000 Mobile jib cranes with non-slewable jibs B66C0023480000 Manually-movable jib cranes for use in workshops B66C0023500000 mounted on railway vehicles, e.g. breakdown cranes B66C0023520000 Floating cranes (floating dredgers E02F);; B66C0023540000 with pneumatic or hydraulic motors, e.g. for actuating jib cranes on tractors B66C0023560000 of the reciprocating type B66C0023580000 arranged to carry-out a desired sequence of operations automatically, e.g. hoisting followed by luffing and slewing B66C0023600000 Derricks (derricks employing ships' masts B63B);; B66C0023620000 Constructional features or details (of dredgers E02F);; B66C0023640000 Jibs B66C0023660000 Outer or upper end constructions B66C0023680000 foldable or otherwise adjustable in configuration B66C0023700000 constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs of various lengths B66C0023720000 Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples B66C0023740000 separate from jib B66C0023760000 and movable to take account of variations of load or of variations of length of jib B66C0023780000 Supports, e.g. outriggers, for mobile cranes B66C0023800000 hydraulically actuated B66C0023820000 Luffing gear B66C0023840000 Slewing gear (anti-friction bearings F16C);; B66C0023860000 hydraulically actuated B66C0023880000 Safety gear (for cranes in general B66C0015000000;for rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms B66D0001540000) B66C0023900000 Devices for indicating or limiting lifting movement B66C0023920000 Snubbers or dash-pots for preventing backwards-swinging of jibs, e.g. in the event of cable or tackle breakage B66C0023940000 for limiting slewing movements B66D CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS (winding or unwinding ropes or cables for feeding or storage purposes B65H;rope or cable-winding or unwinding mechanisms for lifts B66B) B66D0001000000 Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans (portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances B66D0003000000);; B66D0001020000 Driving gear B66D0001040000 manually operated B66D0001060000 Safety cranks for preventing unwanted crank rotation and subsequent lowering of the loads B66D0001080000 incorporating fluid motors B66D0001100000 Steam driving gear B66D0001120000 incorporating electric motors B66D0001140000 Power transmissions between power sources and drums or barrels B66D0001160000 the drums or barrels being freely rotatable (B66D0001240000 takes precedence);; B66D0001180000 and the power being transmitted from a continuously-operating and irreversible prime mover B66D0001200000 Chain, belt, or friction drives, e.g. incorporating sheaves B66D0001220000 Planetary or differential gearings (for actuating grab buckets B66D0001700000);; B66D0001240000 for varying speed, or reversing direction of rotation, of drums or barrels B66D0001260000 having several drums or barrels B66D0001280000 Other constructional details B66D0001300000 Rope, cable, or chain drums or barrels B66D0001340000 Attachment of ropes or cables to drums or barrels B66D0001360000 Guiding, or otherwise ensuring winding in an orderly manner, of ropes, cables, or chains B66D0001380000 by means of guides movable relative to drum or barrel B66D0001390000 by means of axially-movable drums or barrels B66D0001400000 Control devices B66D0001420000 non-automatic B66D0001440000 pneumatic or hydraulic B66D0001460000 electric B66D0001480000 automatic B66D0001500000 for maintaining predetermined rope, cable, or chain tension, e.g. in ropes or cables for towing craft, in chains for anchors; Warping or mooring winch-cable tension control B66D0001520000 for varying rope or cable tension, e.g. when recovering craft from water B66D0001540000 Safety gear B66D0001560000 Adaptations of limit switches B66D0001580000 responsive to excess of load B66D0001600000 adapted for special purposes B66D0001620000 for actuating grab buckets (electrical control in cranes B66C0013320000);; B66D0001640000 by means of a single rope or chain B66D0001660000 driven by a single motor B66D0001680000 driven by two motors B66D0001700000 driven through planetary or differential gearings B66D0001720000 Anchor-chain sprockets; Anchor capstans B66D0001740000 Capstans B66D0001760000 having auxiliary drums or barrels for storing the ropes or cables B66D0001780000 for shunting, e.g. in marshalling yards B66D0001800000 for scrapers B66D0001820000 for slewing and hoisting by means of derricks B66D0003000000 Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances B66D0003020000 Manually-operated, e.g. lever-actuated, devices operating on ropes, cables, or chains for hauling in a mainly horizontal direction (B66D0003040000, B66D0003120000 take precedence);; B66D0003040000 Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage (sheaves F16H0055000000);; B66D0003060000 with more than one pulley B66D0003080000 Arrangements of sheaves B66D0003100000 Applications of braking or detent devices B66D0003120000 Chain or like hand-operated tackles with or without power-transmission gearing between operating member and lifting rope, chain, or cable B66D0003140000 lever-operated B66D0003160000 operated by an endless chain passing over a pulley or a sprocket B66D0003180000 Power-operated hoists B66D0003200000 with driving motor, e.g. electric motor, and drum or barrel contained in a common housing B66D0003220000 with variable-speed gearing between driving motor and drum or barrel B66D0003240000 Applications of limit switches B66D0003260000 Other details, e.g. housings B66D0005000000 Braking or detent devices characterised by their application to lifting or hoisting gear, e.g. for controlling the lowering of loads (for pulley blocks B66D0003100000;of interest apart from such applications F16D, F16H) B66D0005020000 Crane, lift, hoist, or winch brakes operating on drums, barrels, or ropes B66D0005040000 actuated by centrifugal force B66D0005060000 with radial effect (B66D0005200000 takes precedence);; B66D0005080000 embodying blocks or shoes B66D0005100000 embodying bands B66D0005120000 with axial effect (B66D0005220000 takes precedence);; B66D0005140000 embodying discs B66D0005160000 for action on ropes or cables B66D0005180000 for generating braking forces which are proportional to the loads suspended; Load-actuated brakes B66D0005200000 with radial effect B66D0005220000 with axial effect B66D0005240000 Operating devices B66D0005260000 pneumatic or hydraulic B66D0005280000 specially adapted for winding gear, e.g. in mining hoists B66D0005300000 electrical B66D0005320000 Detent devices B66D0005340000 having latches B66F HOISTING, LIFTING, OR HAULING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD (off-shore platforms E02D0021000000;scaffolding combined with lifting devices E04G0001220000; lifting devices for sliding forms E04G0011240000; lifting of buildings E04G0023060000; shores or struts E04G0025000000; lifts or other hoisting devices on ladders E06C0007120000; props for mining E21D0015000000) B66F0001000000 Devices, e.g. jacks, for lifting loads in predetermined steps B66F0001020000 with locking elements, e.g. washers, co-operating with posts B66F0001040000 the posts being toothed B66F0001060000 and the devices being actuated mechanically B66F0001080000 and the devices being operated by fluid pressure B66F0003000000 Devices, e.g. jacks, adapted for uninterrupted lifting of loads (mobile jacks of the garage type B66F0005000000);; B66F0003020000 with racks actuated by pinions B66F0003040000 with several racks B66F0003060000 with racks comprising pivotable toothed sections or segments, e.g. arranged in pairs B66F0003080000 screw-operated (B66F0003440000 takes precedence;gearings F16H) B66F0003100000 with telescopic sleeves B66F0003120000 comprising toggle levers (lazy-tongs mechanisms B66F0003220000);; B66F0003140000 actuated through pawl-and-ratchet mechanisms B66F0003160000 actuated through bevel-wheel gearings B66F0003180000 actuated through worm gearings B66F0003200000 actuated through multiple or change-speed gearings B66F0003220000 Lazy-tongs mechanisms B66F0003240000 fluid-pressure operated (water-pressure machines F03B;fluid-pressure servomotors F15B; hydraulic gearings F16H; cylinders, pistons F16J) B66F0003260000 Adaptations or arrangements of pistons B66F0003280000 telescopic B66F0003300000 with positive brakes or lock B66F0003320000 with means for avoiding excessive shocks on completion movements B66F0003340000 pneumatic B66F0003360000 Load-engaging elements B66F0003380000 adjustable relative to piston B66F0003400000 inflatable B66F0003420000 with self-contained pumps, e.g. actuated by hand B66F0003440000 with self-contained electric driving motors B66F0003460000 Combinations of several jacks with means for interrelating lifting or lowering movements B66F0005000000 Mobile jacks of the garage type mounted on wheels or rollers B66F0005020000 with mechanical lifting gear B66F0005040000 with fluid-pressure-operated lifting gear B66F0007000000 Lifting frames, e.g. for lifting vehicles; Platform lifts (for lift-truck platforms B66F0009060000);; B66F0007020000 with platforms suspended from ropes, cables, or chains B66F0007040000 hydraulically or pneumatically operated B66F0007060000 with platforms supported by levers for vertical movement B66F0007080000 hydraulically or pneumatically operated B66F0007100000 with platforms supported directly by jacks B66F0007120000 by mechanical jacks B66F0007140000 screw-operated B66F0007160000 by one or more hydraulic or pneumatic jacks B66F0007180000 by a single central jack B66F0007200000 by several jacks with means for maintaining the platforms horizontal during movement B66F0007220000 with tiltable platforms (tilting vehicles for unloading B65G0067340000);; B66F0007240000 for raising or lowering vehicles by their own power B66F0007260000 for selective lifting of parts of vehicles (mobile garage jacks B66F0005000000);; B66F0007280000 Constructional details, e.g. end stops, pivoting supporting members, sliding runners adjustable to load dimensions B66F0009000000 Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes (cranes B66C);; B66F0009020000 Stationary loaders or unloaders, e.g. for sacks B66F0009040000 hydraulically actuated or controlled B66F0009060000 Masted lifting-platform or for-lift trucks movable on wheels or equivalent (vehicle aspects B60-B62; non-masted lifting-platform trucks, trucks or like wheeled vehicles with auxiliary loading or unloading platforms B60P); Inverted lifting-platform or fork-lift trucks, i.e. trucks suspended from overhead rail-tracks or running between upper and lower rail-tracks (rail-vehicle aspects B61D, B61F);; B66F0009080000 Masts; Guides; Chains B66F0009100000 movable in a horizontal direction relative to truck B66F0009120000 Platforms; Forks; Other load supporting or gripping members B66F0009140000 laterally movable, e.g. swingable, for slewing or transverse movements B66F0009160000 inclinable relative to mast B66F0009180000 Load gripping or retaining means B66F0009190000 Additional means for facilitating unloading B66F0009200000 Means for actuating or controlling masts, platforms, or forks (power take-off from vehicle transmissions, combined with vehicle propulsion systems B60K);; B66F0009220000 Hydraulic devices or systems B66F0009240000 Electrical devices or systems B66F0011000000 Lifting devices specially adapted for particular uses not otherwise provided for B66F0011020000 for elevating, erecting, or dismantling masts B66F0011040000 for movable platforms or cabins, e.g. on vehicles, permitting workmen to place themselves in any desired position for carrying out required operations (platforms for cleaning windows A47L0003020000;devices for rescuing persons from buildings A62B0001020000; vehicle aspects of service vehicles B60P0003140000; maintenance travellers for bridges E01D0019100000; scaffolds on an extensible substructure E04G0001220000; liftable or lowerable platforms for use on ladders E06C0007160000) B66F0013000000 Common constructional features or accessories B66F0015000000 Crowbars or levers B66F0017000000 Safety devices, e.g. for limiting or indicating lifting force B66F0019000000 Hoisting, lifting, hauling, or pushing, not otherwise provided for B67 LIQUID HANDLING B67B METHODS OF, OR APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES, JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; HAND- OR POWER-OPERATED APPARATUS OR DEVICES OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS (attached to, or incorporated in containers or container closures B65D);; B67B0001000000 Closing bottles or jars by applying stoppers B67B0001020000 Preparatory cleaning, steaming, or heating of the stoppers (mechanical working of cork B27J0005000000);; B67B0001040000 by inserting threadless stoppers, e.g. corks B67B0001060000 by inserting and rotating screw stoppers B67B0001080000 Securing stoppers, e.g. swing stoppers, which are held in position by associated pressure-applying means coacting with the bottle neck B67B0003000000 Closing bottles or jars by applying caps B67B0003020000 by applying flanged caps, e.g. crown caps, and securing by deformation of flanges B67B0003040000 Cutting caps from strip material in capping machines (devices for registering moving strip material B65H0023000000);; B67B0003060000 Feeding caps to dies B67B0003062000 from a magazine B67B0003064000 from a hopper B67B0003080000 Mechanisms for causing relative movement between bottle or jar and cap-applying die B67B0003100000 Dies for securing caps B67B0003120000 movable axially relative to cap to deform flanges thereof B67B0003140000 with movable elements, e.g. hinged fingers, for applying radial pressure to the flange of the cap (elastic dies B67B0003160000);; B67B0003160000 elastic B67B0003180000 Rotary dies, e.g. for forming screw threads ; in situ B67B0003200000 by applying and rotating preformed threaded caps (elastic dies for forming threads on flanged caps in situ B67B0003160000);; B67B0003220000 by applying snap-on caps B67B0003240000 Special measures for applying and securing caps under vacuum B67B0003260000 Applications of control, warning, or safety devices in capping machinery B67B0005000000 Closing bottles or jars by applying and securing or by forming other types of closures; Applying protective or decorative covers to closures; Devices for securing bottle closures with wire B67B0005020000 by inserting disc-closures B67B0005040000 Forming closures, or protective or decorative covers therefor, ; in situ by applying liquids, e.g. by dipping B67B0005060000 Devices for securing bottle closures with wire B67B0007000000 Hand- or power-operated devices for opening closed containers (nail pullers or extractors B25C0011000000;incorporated in containers or in container closures B65D) B67B0007020000 for removing stoppers B67B0007040000 Cork-screws B67B0007060000 Other cork removers B67B0007080000 using air or gas pressure B67B0007100000 with means for retrieving stoppers from the interior of the container B67B0007120000 for removing disc-closures B67B0007140000 for removing tightly-fitting lids or covers, e.g. of shoe-polish tins, by gripping and rotating B67B0007160000 for removing flanged caps, e.g. crown caps B67B0007180000 for removing threaded caps (wrenches B25B0013000000);; B67B0007200000 for breaking vacuum seals between lids or covers and bodies of preserving jars, e.g. by wedge action B67B0007220000 incorporating loops, e.g. of wire, which are tightened around seal B67B0007240000 Hole-piercing devices B67B0007260000 combined with spouts B67B0007280000 and associated with receptacle holders B67B0007300000 Hand-operated cutting devices B67B0007320000 propelled by rotary gears or wheels around periphery of container B67B0007340000 with rotatable cutters B67B0007360000 adapted to be mounted on walls B67B0007380000 Power-operated cutting devices (machines for domestic use with a plurality of interchangeable units A47J0043060000, A47J0044000000);; B67B0007400000 Devices for engaging tags, strips, or tongues for opening by tearing, e.g. slotted keys for opening sardine tins B67B0007420000 Devices for removing barrel bungs B67B0007440000 Combination tools, e.g. comprising cork-screws, can piercers, crown-cap removers (combinations of opening devices with cutting tools B26, with devices serving other purposes, see appropriate sub-classes, e.g. B25F, B43K0029000000);; B67C CLEANING OR EMPTYING, OF BOTTLES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; FILLING BOTTLES, JARS, CANS, CASKS OR BARRELS, WITH LIQUIDS OR SEMI-LIQUIDS; FUNNELS (siphons F04F0010000000;filling pressure vessels with liquified gases F17C0005000000) B67C0001000000 Cleaning large numbers of more or less identical bottles or articles of similar nature and size, e.g. jars (washing and rinsing crockery or tableware A47L0015000000;cleaning in general B08B) B67C0001020000 by soaking alone B67C0001040000 by rinsing; by soaking and rinsing B67C0001060000 Rinsing-pipes; Rinsing-nozzles B67C0001080000 using brushes B67C0001100000 using scrapers, chains, grains of shot, sand or other abrasive means B67C0001120000 using ultrasonic waves B67C0001140000 Checking cleaned bottles for cleanliness B67C0001160000 Carriers in bottle cleaning machines for holding single bottles, or groups thereof B67C0003000000 Bottling liquids or semiliquids; Filling jars or cans with liquids or semiliquids using bottling or like apparatus; Filling casks or barrels with liquids or semiliquids (filling containers with liquids or semiliquids using apparatus other than bottling or like apparatus, e.g. filling flexible containers, B65B0003000000);; B67C0003020000 Bottling liquids or semiliquids B67C0003040000 without applying pressure B67C0003060000 using counterpressure, i.e. filling while the container is under pressure B67C0003080000 and subsequently lowering the counterpressure B67C0003100000 preliminary filling with inert gases, e.g. carbon dioxide B67C0003120000 Pressure-control devices B67C0003140000 Apparatus specially adapted for filling bottles with hot liquids B67C0003160000 using suction B67C0003180000 using siphoning arrangements B67C0003200000 with provision for metering the liquids to be introduced, e.g. when adding syrups (measuring volume, or volume flow, in general G01F);; B67C0003220000 Details B67C0003240000 Devices for supporting or handling bottles (transport or storing devices in general B65G);; B67C0003260000 Filling-heads; Means for engaging filling-heads with bottle necks B67C0003280000 Flow-control devices, e.g. using valves (valves in general F16K);; B67C0003300000 Filling of barrels or casks B67C0003320000 using counterpressure, i.e. filling while the container is under pressure B67C0003340000 Devices for engaging filling-heads with filling-apertures B67C0005000000 Mechanical devices for shaking bottles in crates or cases (for compacting fluent solid material in receptacles B65B);; B67C0007000000 Concurrent cleaning, filling, and closing of bottles; Processes or devices for at least two of these measures B67C0009000000 Devices for emptying bottles not otherwise provided for (during preparation of alcoholic beverages except beer C12G0001000000);; B67C0011000000 Funnels, e.g. for liquids (filter funnels B01D0023280000;volume-flow meters G01F) B67C0011020000 without discharge valves B67C0011040000 with non-automatic discharge valves B67C0011060000 with automatic discharge valves B67D APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR DISPENSING OR DELIVERING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (holders for bottles as table equipment A47G0023020000;devices for heating and dispensing beverages A47J0031000000; nozzles in general B05B0001000000; filling containers, e.g. flexible containers, with liquids to form packages B65B0003000000; bottling liquids, filling jars or cans with liquid using bottling or like apparatus, filling casks or barrels with liquids B67C0003000000; emptying bottles B67C0009000000; pumps in general F04; siphons F04F0010000000; valves in general F16K; pipe line systems, conveying liquids through pipes in general F17D; apparatus for supplying hot-water F24D; mechanical apparatus for dispensing metered quantities of liquids in general G01F; gauges indicating depth or quantity of beverages in containers G01F; coin-freed G07F) B67D0001000000 Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught (by controlling flow under gravity from storage containers B67D0003000000;separating and dispensing metered quantities of beverages G01F) B67D0001020000 Beer engines or like manually-operable pumping apparatus B67D0001040000 Apparatus utilising compressed air or other gas acting directly or indirectly on beverages in storage containers B67D0001060000 Mountings or arrangements of dispensing apparatus in or on shop or bar counters B67D0001080000 Details B67D0001100000 Pump mechanisms (in general F04);; B67D0001120000 Flow- or pressure-control devices or systems B67D0001140000 Reducing valves or control taps B67D0001160000 Devices for collecting spilled beverages B67D0003000000 Apparatus or devices for controlling flow of liquids under gravity from storage containers for dispensing purposes (separating and dispensing metered quantities of liquids G01F);; B67D0003020000 Liquid-dispensing valves having operating members arranged to be pressed upwards, e.g. by the rims of receptacles held below the delivery orifice B67D0003040000 Liquid-dispensing taps or cocks adapted to seal and open tapping-holes of casks, e.g. for beer B67D0005000000 Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes (for dispensing beverages on draught B67D0001000000;by controlling flow under gravity B67D0003000000; general disposition of plant in stations for supplying fuel to vehicles B60S0005020000; for filling or emptying locomotive water tanks, e.g. water columns, B61K0011000000; for refuelling aircraft during flight B64D0039000000; liquid-handling ground installations specially adapted for fuelling stationary aircraft B64F0001280000) B67D0005020000 for transferring liquids other than fuel or lubricants B67D0005040000 for transferring fuels, lubricants or mixed fuels and lubricants B67D0005060000 Details or accessories B67D0005080000 Arrangements or adaptations of devices for controlling, indicating, metering or registering quantity or price of liquid transferred (arrangement of flow- or pressure-control valves B67D0005340000;indicating or recording in connection with measuring in general G01D; measuring volume or volume flow in general G01F; computing aspects G06; counting mechanisms per G06M; coin-freed apparatus for dispensing fluids G07F0013000000; prepayment devices for metering liquids G07F0015000000) B67D0005100000 operated by keys, push-buttons, or cash registers B67D0005120000 operated by movement of delivery hose or nozzle or by devices associated therewith B67D0005140000 responsive to input of recorded programmed information, e.g. on punched cards B67D0005160000 Arrangements of liquid meters B67D0005180000 of piston type B67D0005200000 of rotary type B67D0005220000 Arrangements or adaptations of indicators or registers (indicating or recording in fluid meters G01F0015060000);; B67D0005240000 with means for producing or issuing a receipt or record of sale B67D0005260000 with resetting or zeroising means B67D0005280000 with automatic means for reducing or intermittently interrupting flow before completion of delivery, e.g. to produce dribble feed B67D0005300000 with means for predetermining quantity of liquid to be transferred (B67D0005100000, B67D0005140000 take precedence);; B67D0005320000 Safety or warning devices (alarm arrangements in general G08B);;Means for preventing unauthorized delivery of liquid B67D0005340000 Arrangements of flow- or pressure-control valves (associated with nozzles B67D0005370000);; B67D0005360000 Arrangements of hoses, e.g. operative connection with pump motor (hoses in general F16L0011000000);; B67D0005365000 Suspending, reeling, or storing devices (for storing and repeatedly paying-out lengths of material, in general B65H0075340000);; B67D0005370000 Filling nozzles (nozzles in general B05B;fluid-delivering valves in general F16K0021000000) B67D0005371000 automatically closing B67D0005372000 when liquid in container to be filled reaches a predetermined level B67D0005373000 by making use of air suction through an opening closed by the rising liquid B67D0005375000 and provided with an additional hand lever B67D0005377000 and provided with additional flow-controlling valve means B67D0005380000 Arrangements of flow-indicators, e.g. transparent compartments, windows, rotary vanes (indicating or recording presence, absence or direction of movement G01P0013000000);; B67D0005400000 Arrangements of pumps (pumps F04);; B67D0005420000 manually operable B67D0005440000 power operated B67D0005460000 of piston type B67D0005480000 of rotary type B67D0005500000 submerged in storage tank or reservoir B67D0005520000 of two or more pumps in series or parallel B67D0005540000 Devices for applying air or other gas pressure for forcing liquid to delivery point B67D0005560000 Devices for mixing two or more different liquids to be transferred (coin-freed apparatus G07F0013060000);; B67D0005580000 Arrangements of devices for purifying liquids to be transferred, e.g. of filters, of air or water separators (filtration, separation, per B01D);; B67D0005600000 Arrangements of storage tanks, reservoirs or pipe-lines B67D0005620000 Adaptations of heating or cooling devices for liquids to be transferred B67D0005640000 Casings, cabinets or frameworks; Trolleys or like movable supports B67D0005660000 Illuminating arrangements B68 SADDLERY; UPHOLSTERY B68B HARNESS; DEVICES USED IN CONNECTION THEREWITH; WHIPS OR THE LIKE B68B0001000000 Devices in connection with harness, for hitching, reining, training, breaking, or quietening horses or other traction animals (devices of this kind combined with traction harness B68B0003000000;stable equipment A01K0001000000; devices forming part of a vehicle B62C) B68B0001020000 Halters B68B0001040000 Bridles; Reins B68B0001060000 Bits B68B0001080000 Stranglers B68B0001100000 Blinkers B68B0001120000 movable B68B0001130000 Devices for preventing bolting (for unhitching bolting traction animals B68B0005080000);; B68B0001140000 Hobbling devices B68B0003000000 Traction harnesses; Traction harnesses combined with devices referred to in group ; B68B0001000000 B68B0003020000 Yokes B68B0003040000 Horse collars; Manufacturing same B68B0003060000 Adjustable collars B68B0003080000 with protective pads B68B0003100000 Pneumatic collars B68B0003120000 Locks therefor B68B0003140000 Breast collars B68B0003160000 Pad trees B68B0003180000 Breechings B68B0003200000 Traces (manufacture of belts C14B, of ropes D07);; B68B0003220000 Trace holders (devices forming part of a vehicle B62C);; B68B0005000000 Details or accessories (haberdashery A44);;Fastening devices for bridles, reins, harnesses, or the like (devices forming part of a vehicle B62C);; B68B0005020000 Fastening devices for traces (resilient attachments B68B0007000000);; B68B0005040000 Tail holders as part of the harness B68B0005060000 Devices for fastening special articles on harnesses, bridles, or the like B68B0005080000 Devices for unhitching bolting traction animals B68B0007000000 Horse protectors, e.g. resilient attachments (protective covers B68C0005000000);; B68B0009000000 Devices specially adapted for supporting harnesses when not in use B68B0011000000 Whips or the like B68C SADDLES; STIRRUPS B68C0001000000 Saddling equipment for riding- or pack-animals B68C0001020000 Saddles B68C0001040000 Adjustable saddles B68C0001060000 Side saddles B68C0001080000 with pneumatic pads B68C0001100000 with spring pads B68C0001120000 Bottom pads for saddles; Saddle cloths B68C0001140000 Belts or straps for saddles; Tighteners therefor B68C0001160000 Fastening stirrups to saddles; Stirrup-leathers (stirrups B68C0003000000);; B68C0001180000 with safety arrangements for loosening the connection between stirrup and saddle, e.g. in case of rider's fall B68C0001200000 Pockets, receptacles, or other supporting devices attached or attachable to saddle, e.g. for insertion of arms B68C0003000000 Stirrups B68C0003020000 with side part or sole plate attached to other parts of the stirrup movably, e.g. pivotally B68C0005000000 Covers for animals when working, e.g. for protection B68F MAKING ARTICLES FROM LEATHER, CANVAS, OR THE LIKE B68F0001000000 Making articles from leather, canvas, or the like (machines or equipment for saddle-making B68F0003000000;making foot-wear A43D; manufacture and treatment of leather in general, splitting leather, manufacture of driving or other belts C14) B68F0003000000 Machines or equipment specially adapted for saddle-making (methods B68F0001000000);; B68F0003020000 Machines B68F0003040000 Hand tools B68G METHODS, EQUIPMENT, OR MACHINES FOR USE IN UPHOLSTERING; UPHOLSTERY NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR B68G0001000000 Loose filling materials for upholstery (manufacture of the materials, see the relevant classes);; B68G0003000000 Treating materials to adapt them specially as upholstery filling B68G0003020000 Cleaning; Conditioning B68G0003040000 Teasing; Untwisting ropes or cords of filling materials B68G0003060000 Curling; Twisting filling materials into ropes or cords B68G0003080000 Preparation of bed feathers from natural feathers B68G0003100000 Cleaning or conditioning of bed feathers (B68G0003020000 takes precedence);; B68G0003120000 Sorting of bed feathers B68G0005000000 Resilient upholstery pads (finished upholstery B68G0011000000;waddings, fleeces, mats, or like products of fibrous structure, see the relevant classes); B68G0005020000 of cellular material, e.g. sponge rubber (manufacturing rubber or plastic pads B29);; B68G0007000000 Making upholstery (manufacturing upholstered panels B68G0013000000;sewing-machines D05B) B68G0007020000 Making upholstery from waddings, fleeces, mats, or the like (filling methods B68G0007060000);; B68G0007040000 by conveyer-line methods B68G0007050000 Covering or enveloping cores of pads B68G0007052000 with webs secured to the core, e.g. by stitching B68G0007054000 Arrangements of sheathings between spring cores and overlying paddings B68G0007060000 Filling of cushions, mattresses, or the like B68G0007080000 Quilting (tools B68G0015000000);;Elements therefor B68G0007100000 Finishing of edges B68G0007120000 Other elements specially adapted for fastening, fixing, or finishing, in upholstery work B68G0009000000 Placing upholstery springs in pockets; Fitting springs in upholstery B68G0011000000 Finished upholstery not provided for in other classes B68G0011020000 mainly composed of fibrous materials B68G0011030000 with stitched or bonded fibre webs B68G0011040000 mainly composed of resilient materials, e.g. of foam rubber B68G0011060000 with embedded springs, e.g. bonded B68G0013000000 Upholstered panels (specially adapted for sound-absorption E04B, G10K);; B68G0013020000 with indented pattern formed by stitching B68G0013040000 with indented pattern formed by bonding B68G0015000000 Auxiliary devices and tools specially for upholstery