IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
C04B 35/00 - Definition
This main group covers:
Ceramic compositions or refractories based on oxides or oxide mixtures or solid solutions of two or more oxides; Processes for their manufacture.
Ceramic compositions based on rare earth compounds or on compounds of actinides; Processes for their manufacture.
Ceramic compositions or refractories based on non-oxides, e.g. on carbon, sulfides, selenides, fluorides, carbides, borides, nitrides or silicides; Processes for their manufacture.
Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay; Processes for their manufacture.
Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents, e.g. shaped metallic or non-metallic materials ; Processes for their manufacture.
Shaped ceramic products or refractories characterised by their composition; Processes for manufacturing these shaped ceramic products or refractories:
Processes characterised by the burning or sintering step.
Shaped products obtained by processes involving a melting step.
References relevant to classification in this main group
This main group does not cover:
Mechanical features relating to the working of ceramics, e.g. mixing or shaping ceramic compositions | B28 |
Devitrified glass ceramics | C03C 10/00 |
Clay-wares | C04B 33/00 |
Compositions containing free metal bonded to carbides, diamond, oxides, borides, nitrides, silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, such as oxynitrides or sulfides, other than as macroscopic reinforcing agents | C22C |
Manufacture of ceramic fibres | D01F 9/08 |
Furnaces, kilns, ovens, or retorts | F27 |
Casings, linings, walls, roofs of furnaces, kilns, ovens, or retorts | F27D 1/00 |
Dental prostheses, e.g. porcelain or ceramic teeth | A61C 13/08 |
Materials for prostheses or for coating prostheses | A61L 27/00 |
Materials for catheters or for coating catheters | A61L 29/00 |
Materials for other surgical articles | A61L 31/00 |
Luminescent materials | C09K 11/00 |
Fireproofing materials | C09K 21/00 |
Materials for coating by flame or plasma spraying | C23C 4/10 |
Materials for coating by sputtering, e.g. ceramic targets | C23C 14/06 |
Materials for parts of bearings, e.g. sliding-contact bearings | F16C 33/00 |
Materials for friction linings | F16D 69/02 |
Materials for pistons, trunk pistons, plungers | F16J 1/01 |
Materials for piston-rings or seats therefor | F16J 9/26 |
Materials for rigid pipes | F16L 9/00 |
Materials for protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation | F16L 58/00 |
Luminescent materials for light screens | F21V 9/16 |
Materials for conductors or conductive bodies | H01B 1/00 |
Materials for insulators or insulating or dielectric bodies | H01B 3/00 |
Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines | H01B 12/00 |
Materials for varistor cores | H01C 7/105 |
Materials for magnets or magnetic bodies | H01F 1/00 |
Superconducting magnets or coils | H01F 6/00 |
Materials for fixed capacitors, e.g. ceramic dielectrics | H01G 4/12 |
Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices characterised by the material , e.g. ceramic substrates | H01L 23/00 |
Materials for superconductive or hyperconductive devices | H01L 39/00 |
Materials for piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements | H01L 41/00 |
Materials for inert electrodes with catalytic activity for electrochemical generators, e.g. for fuel cells | H01M 4/86 |
Materials for solid electrolytes of fuel cells | H01M 8/10 |
Dielectric resonators of the waveguide type | H01P 7/10 |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Filters, membranes for separation processes | B01D |
Catalysts | B01J |
Articles characterised by particular shape, see the relevant classes, e.g. linings for casting ladles, tundishes, cups or the like | B22D 41/02 |
Producing shaped articles from the material , e.g. by slip-casting | B28B 1/00 |
Layered products essentially comprising ceramics , e.g. refractory products | B32B 18/00 |
Chemical preparation of powders of inorganic compounds | C01 |
Chemical composition of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels | C03C |
Obtaining porous products | C04B 38/00 |
Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets | C22C 29/00 |
Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure | C30B 29/00 |
Casings, linings, walls of combustion chambers characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks | F23M 5/02 |
Arrangement or mounting of linings for fire-boxes, e.g. fire-back | F24B 13/02 |
Basic electric elements | H01 |
Special rules of classification
In this group, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, compositions are classified according to the constituent present in the highest proportion by weight.
In this group, magnesium is considered as an alkaline earth metal.
In this group, a composite is considered as a sintered mixture of different powdered materials , other than sintering aids, the materials being present as separate phases in the sintered product .
In this group, fine ceramics are considered as products having a polycrystalline fine-grained microstructure, e.g. of dimensions below 100 micrometers.
The production of ceramic powder is classified in this group in so far as it relates to the preparation of powder with specific characteristics.
Any ingredient of a refractory mortar composition containing a hydraulic cement , e.g. aluminous cement , classified in C04B 35/66, which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified according to the Last Place Rule of note (2) after the subclass title of C04B, in groups C04B 7/00 to C04B 24/00. This can for example be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information". For example, such an additional classification in group C04B 24/00 may be given for an organic retarder added to the refractory mortar composition.
In this main group, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Ceramics | Inorganic, non-metallic products obtained by a process involving a shaping step and a sintering or comparable heat treatment step, with the exclusion of cements , cermets and glasses, glazes, vitreous enamels and devitrified glass ceramics . |
Fine ceramics | Ceramics having a polycrystalline fine-grained microstructure, e.g. of dimensions below 100 micrometer. |
Refractories | Ceramics or mortars withstanding high temperatures of at least about 1500 degrees C. For classification and search in this subclass, no substantial distinction is made between the terms " refractories " and " ceramics ". |
Carbon-carbon composites | Products consisting of carbon fibres in a carbon matrix are usually referred to as " carbon-carbon composites ". |
Porous materials | Materials which are deliberately made porous, e.g. by adding gas- forming, foaming, burnable or lightweight additives to the composition they are made of. |