PK XU?bQ) ) htmlen_def/A01.htm
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01 - Definition
In this class, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Plant | Any of a kingdom (Plantae) of multicellular eukaryotic mostly photosynthetic organisms typically lacking locomotive movement or obvious nervous or sensory organs and possessing cellulose cell walls. |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01B - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Seat constructions | A47C |
Wheels | B60B |
Shelters for drivers | B60J |
Seats specially adapted for vehicles, arrangement or mounting of seats in vehicles | B60N 2/00 |
Wheel scrapers | B60S 1/68 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D - Definition
This subclass covers:
Methods, apparatus or hand tools for
Hand rakes.
Forks.
Non-abrasive sharpening devices for scythes, sickles or the like.
Containers for whetstones for use during harvesting.
Machines specially adapted for binding of harvested hay, straw or similar crops in the field.
Arrangements for making or setting of stacks, used in connection with harvesting.
Vehicles specially adapted for carrying harvested crops with means for self-loading or unloading.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
Combined or convertible apparatus
This subclass covers mowers combined with apparatus performing additional operations (e.g. threshing) while mowing, mowers convertible to apparatus for purposes other than mowing (e.g. for sweeping snow), and mowers capable of performing operations other than mowing (e.g. soil-working). The non-mowing parts of such mowers are only covered by this subclass if they are immediately associated with the mowing parts or the mowing process. Otherwise they are covered by the places for the non-mowing operations.
This subclass covers digging harvesters (e.g. for root crops) combined with apparatus performing additional operations (e.g. topping, separating or planting) while harvesting. The non-harvesting parts of such combinations are only covered by this subclass if they are immediately associated with the harvesting parts or the harvesting process. Otherwise they are covered by the places for the non-harvesting operations.
Hand tools for soil working
This subclass covers hand tools for soil working when specially adapted for harvesting, for example of root crops. This subclass also covers rakes and forks. A01B covers hand tools for soil working in general, e.g. spades, shovels or hoes, with the exception of rakes and forks.
Binding
This subclass covers apparatus specially adapted for binding of harvested hay, straw or similar crops, with the exception of stationary apparatus or hand tools, which are covered by A01F 1/00, and binding apparatus specially adapted for baling presses, which is covered by A01F 15/14. Binding in general is covered by B65B, for example B65B 13/00 and B65B 27/12.
Shredding or pulverising
This subclass covers the shredding or pulverising of stubble or other vegetation in situ, e.g. for the purpose of producing mulch, but does not cover other mechanical destruction of unwanted vegetation, which is covered by group A01M 21/02.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Soil working tools or machines for weeding or thinning | A01B |
e.g. | A01B 1/16, A01B 39/18, A01B 41/00 |
Transplanting | A01C 11/00, A01G 23/04 |
Machines for cutting sods or turf from lawns or meadows | A01B 45/04 |
Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes, e.g. flower shears, fruit shears, secateurs or hedge shears | A01G 3/00 |
Delimbing of standing trees | A01G 3/00 |
Uprooting or felling of trees | A01G 23/02 |
Tapping of tree juices | A01G 23/10 |
Apparatus for destruction of unwanted vegetation | A01M 21/00 |
Machines that pick up mown material from the ground and bale it | A01F 15/00 |
Machines that pick up mown material from the ground and cut it, e.g. field choppers | A01F 29/01 |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Agricultural soil working in general | A01B |
Gatherers for removing stones, undesirable roots or the like from the soil | A01B 43/00 |
Parts, details or accessories of agricultural machines in general | A01B 51/00-A01B 76/00 |
Threshing | A01F 5/00-A01F 12/00, A01F 17/00-A01F 21/00 |
Baling of hay, straw or the like | A01F 13/00-A01F 21/00 |
Stacks for storing of harvested products | A01F 25/04 |
Cutting machines specially adapted for hay, straw or the like | A01F 29/00 |
Floral handling | A01G 5/00 |
"Harvesting" of oysters, mussels, sponges or the like | A01K 80/00 |
Treatment of harvested fruit or vegetables, not otherwise provided for, e.g. extracting juice, cleaning of vegetables or topping of onions | A23N |
Preparation of tobacco | A24B |
Making harvesting tools | B21 |
e.g. | B21D 53/68, B21D 53/72, B21H 7/08, B21H 7/10, B21K 11/08, B21K 11/14, B21K 19/00 |
Sharpening of cutting edges in general | B24B, B24D |
e.g. | B24B 3/00, B24D 15/06 |
Handles for hand implements in general | B25G |
Hand-held cutting tools in general | B26B |
Cutting in general | B26D |
Wheels | B60B |
Vehicles specially adapted for load transportation, or for transporting, carrying or comprising special loads or objects, in general | B60P |
Wheel scrapers | B60S 1/68 |
Conveyers in general | B65G |
Hoisting or lifting in general, e.g. hay hoists | B66 |
e.g. | B66C 11/24 |
Removing undesired matter from land, not otherwise provided for | E01H 15/00 |
Dredging or soil-shifting in general | E02F |
e.g. | E02F 3/28, E02F 5/28 |
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Combine (noun) | Harvester or mower combined with a threshing device. |
Fork | Hand tool having two or more tines that are used for lifting, digging or pitching. |
Harvest (verb) | Perform one of the methods defined in the definition statement in order to make use of the separated, mown or gathered plantmaterial. |
Hay | Mown forage crop in a dry or partially dry state. |
Haymaking | Working on mown forage crop lying on the ground with the intention to make hay. |
Mow (verb) | Cut down grass, cereals or other standing plants. |
Thresh (verb) | Separate grains or seeds from harvested plants or plant parts (e.g. cereals, maize/corn, peas, beans or pine cones) by mechanical action (e.g. shaking, stamping, rubbing, beating or applying intermittent pressure). |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 3/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Abrasive or similar sharpening devices | B24D 15/06 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 5/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Whetting implements | B24D 15/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 7/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Haymakers, crop conditioners | A01D 76/00-A01D 84/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 23/04 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Processing of harvested produce in bulk | A01F 29/00, A23N |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 37/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Features relating to mowing only | A01D 34/00 |
Features relating to binding only | A01D 39/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 41/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Threshing devices for combines | A01F 7/00-A01F 12/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 59/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Bundling articles for packaging in general | B65B 13/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 59/12 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Twine balls or their manufacture | B65H |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 61/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Conveying in general | B65G |
Hoisting, lifting, in general | B66 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 75/08 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Sharpening machines or devices per se | B24B, B24D |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 75/18 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Safety devices in general | F16P |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 75/20 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Safety devices in general | F16P |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 87/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Loading in general | B65G, B66 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01D 90/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Load transporting vehicles modified to facilitate loading, in general | B60P |
Bucket cars, i.e. having scraper bowls | E02F 3/64 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01F - Definition
This subclass covers:
The scope of this subclass is composed of five separate parts, relating to the five parts of the subclass title. For ease of reference each section of these definitions is separated under five corresponding simplified headings: "Threshing", "Baling", "Bundling", "Cutting" and "Storing".
Threshing (relating to main groups A01F 5/00-A01F 12/00 and A01F 17/00-A01F 21/00):
Methods and apparatus for separating grains or seeds from harvested plants or plant parts by mechanical action.
Baling (relating to main groups A01F 13/00-A01F 21/00):
Methods and apparatus for forming bales of straw, hay or like harvested products of plant origin.
Bundling (relating to main group A01F 1/00):
Stationary apparatus or hand tools for forming or binding bundles of straw, hay or like harvested products of plant origin.
Cutting (relating to main groups A01F 3/00 and A01F 29/00):
Apparatus specially adapted for cutting or disintegrating straw, hay or like already harvested products of plant origin.
Storing (relating to main group A01F 25/00):
Mechanical aspects (e.g. materialhandlingaspects) of apparatus (e.g. silos) or methods that are specially adapted for storing harvested agricultural or horticultural crops.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
Threshing
Main groups A01F 5/00-A01F 12/00 and A01F 17/00-A01F 21/00 provide for threshing devices and for accessories that are directly connected with threshing. Combines, and details of combines that are not directly connected with the threshing action (e.g. mowing, feeding or vehicular features) are covered by A01D.
Baling
Main groups A01F 13/00-A01F 21/00 are application-oriented places for methods or apparatus for baling that are specially adapted for straw, hay or like harvested products of plant origin. Baling of compressible fibrous material in general is provided for in B65B 27/12. Baling presses in general is provided for in B30B 9/30. Bales of material are provided for in B65D 71/00.
Bundling
Main group A01F 1/00 is an application-oriented place for stationary apparatus or hand tools for bundling, which are specially adapted for straw, hay or like harvested products of plant origin. Binding of harvested products by mobile apparatus in the field is provided for in A01D, for example in A01D 37/00A01D 39/00 and A01D 59/00. Bundling of compressible fibrous material in general is provided for in B65B 27/12. Bundling of articles in general is provided for in B65B 13/00.
Cutting
Main groups A01F 3/00 and A01F 29/00 are application-oriented places for apparatus or methods that are specially adapted for cutting up or disintegrating straw, hay or like already harvested products of plant origin. Mowing and other cutting down of standing plants is covered by A01D and A01G. Cutting in general is covered by B26. Disintegrating in general, e.g. by rotating knives, is covered by B02C.
Storing
Main group A01F 25/00 is an application-oriented place for mechanical aspects (e.g. materialhandlingaspects) of apparatus or methods that are specially adapted for storing harvested agricultural or horticultural crops. Containers for storage of articles or materials in general is covered by B65D. Storing and associated handling of bulk material or articles in general is covered by B65G. Civil-engineering aspects of silos or similar bulk storage containers are covered by section E, for example E04H 7/00.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Separation of grains or seeds from plants in the place where they grow | A01D |
e.g. | A01D 41/08, A01D 45/00, A01D 46/00 |
Combines | A01D 41/00, A01D 45/00, A01D 57/00, A01D 61/00-A01D 75/00 |
Field threshers with windrow pick-up apparatus | A01D 41/10 |
Pick-ups for harvested crop | A01D 89/00 |
Coring or stoning of fruit | A23N 3/00, A23N 4/00, A47J 23/00, A47J 25/00 |
Removing seed-containing sections from fruit | A23N 4/00, A23N 7/08 |
Hulling, husking or cracking of nuts | A23N 5/00, A47J 43/26 |
Arrangements for making or setting stacks | A01D 85/00 |
Pick-ups for harvested crop | A01D 89/00 |
Arrangements for making or setting stacks in connection with harvesting | A01D 85/00 |
Cutting or disintegrating in combination with mowing | A01D 43/08 |
Pick-ups for harvested crop | A01D 89/00 |
Shredding tea leaves | A23F 3/12 |
Fodder mashers for preparing animal feeding-stuff | A23N 17/02 |
Cutting tobacco | A24B 7/00 |
Spice mills | A47J 42/00 |
Arrangements for making or setting stacks, used in connection with harvesting | A01D 85/00 |
Devices for preserving flowers | A01G 5/06 |
Arrangements in barns for treatment of tobacco | A24B 1/02 |
Suspending devices for tobacco leaves | A24B 1/08 |
Cabinets for perishable goods | A47B 71/00 |
Fruit or potato storage cabinets, racks or tray for domestic use | A47B 75/00 |
Closed containers for foodstuffs | A47J 47/02 |
Drying or storing hops | C12C 3/02, C12C 3/04 |
Civil engineering aspects of bulk storage containers, e.g. silos | E04H 7/00 |
Vehicles for carrying harvested crops with bale-forming means additionally used for loading | A01D 90/08 |
Packing or pressing tobacco | A24B 1/10 |
Apparatus for binding bouquets or wreaths of flowers | A01G 5/02 |
Packing or pressing tobacco | A24B 1/10 |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Separating solids using pneumatic tables or jigs | B03B |
Separating solids from solids by dry methods, in general | B07B |
Hulling, husking, decorticating or removing awns otherwise than in connection with threshing | B02B 3/00 |
Conveying in general | B65G |
Forming of bundles of straw, hay or like material of plant origin | A01D 37/00, A01D 39/00, A01D 57/00-A01D 75/00, A01F 1/00 |
Loaders for bales | A01D 87/12, A01D 90/08 |
Baling of compressible fibrous material in general | B65B 27/12 |
Baling presses in general | B30B 9/30 |
Bales of material | B65D 71/00 |
Conveying in general | B65G |
Mobile binders for use while harvesting | A01D 37/00, A01D 39/00, A01D 57/00-A01D 75/00 |
Loaders for sheaves | A01D 87/12 |
Forming of bales | A01F 13/00, A01F 15/00 |
Bundling of compressible fibrous material in general | B65B 27/12 |
Bundling of articles in general | B65B 13/00 |
Mowing | A01D |
Cutting implements specially adapted for horticultural purposes, e.g. flower shears, fruit shears, secateurs or hedge shears | A01G 3/00 |
Apparatus for destruction of unwanted vegetation | A01M 21/00 |
Household implements for mashing potatoes or other foodstuff | A47J 19/04 |
Disintegrating in general | B02C |
Hand-held cutting tools | B26B |
Cutting in general | B26D |
Conveying in general | B65G |
Protecting growing plants | A01G 13/00 |
Preservation of plants or parts thereof | A01N 3/00 |
Preserving flour by storage in an inert atmosphere | A21D 4/00 |
Preservation of fruits or vegetables | A23B 7/00 |
Preservation of edible seeds | A23B 9/00 |
Preservation of edible oils or fat | A23D 7/06, A23D 9/06 |
Preservation of materials to produce animal feeding stuff | A23K 3/00 |
Preservation of foods or foodstuffs in general | A23L 3/00 |
Containers for storage of articles or materials in general | B65D |
Storage and associated handling of bulk material or articles in general | B65G |
Conserving hops | C12C 3/04 |
Refrigerators, cold rooms, or the like | F25D |
Drying in general | F26B |
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Bale (noun) | A compressed, solid package of harvested material, which is either held together by thread or webs or formed by the material itself (with or without additives) to maintain its shape. |
Bundle (noun) | A relatively loose package of harvested material, normally consisting of straws or stalks that are oriented in parallel to each other. It can either be held together by thread or webs or be formed by the material itself. |
Combine (noun) | Harvester or mower combined with a threshing device. |
Harvest (verb) | Separate useful parts from growing plants in situ, mow plants, or gather whole plants or their useful parts from the ground or from where the plants grow, with the intention to make use of the separated, mown or gathered plantmaterial. |
Mow (verb) | Cut down grass, cereals or other standing plants. |
Threshing | Separation of grains or seeds from harvested plants or plant parts (e.g. cereals, maize/corn, peas, beans or pine cones) by mechanical action (e.g. shaking, stamping, rubbing, beating or applying intermittent pressure). |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01H - Definition
This subclass covers:
New plants (including multicellular algae, multicellular fungi and lichens).
Processes for modifying genotypes or phenotypes.
Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques.
Methods or apparatus for producing changes in chromosome number.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Unicellular algae | C12N 1/12 |
Fungal micro-organisms | C12N 1/14 |
Specific mutations prepared by genetic engineering on plant cell or plant tissues | C12N 15/00 |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Influencing the growth of plants without producing new plants, non-chemically. | A01G 7/00 |
Influencing the growth of plants without producing new plants, chemically. | A01N 25/00-A01N 65/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01K 5/00 - Definition
In this main group, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Stock | Animals kept or raised for use or pleasure |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01K 7/00 - Definition
In this main group, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Stock | Animals kept or raised for use or pleasure |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01K 9/00 - Definition
In this main group, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Stock | Animals kept or raised for use or pleasure |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/10 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Stationary means for catching or killing insects by using illumination | A01M 1/04, A01M 1/08 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/12 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Poisoning, narcotising, or burning insects | A01M 1/20 |
Fumigators; Apparatus for distributing gases | A01M 13/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/14 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Flame-throwers | A01M 15/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/16 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Beater rattles for hunting | A01M 31/04 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/22 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Beater rattles for hunting | A01M 31/04 |
Special rules of classification
A01M 29/16 takes precedence.
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/24 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Apparatus for the destruction of noxious animals, other than insects, by hot water, steam, hot air, or electricity | A01M 19/00 |
Electric traps | A01M 23/38 |
Electrified wire fencing | A01K 3/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/28 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Killing insects by electric means | A01M 1/22 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/30 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Fencing, e.g. fences, enclosures, corrals | E04H 17/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01M 29/34 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Adhesive bands or coatings for trees | A01M 1/18 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01N - Definition
This subclass covers:
Compositions, physical forms thereof, and the application or method of use of specific materials, compositions, or single compounds for the following purposes:
Compositions used to protect the wound and scions of newly grafted plants or to cover the wounds on pruned plants (i.e. grafting wax).
Chemical agents used for the sexual sterilization of invertebrates (e.g. insects).
Relationship between large subject matter areas
While substances that chemically modify a plant's metabolism are classified in A01N, compositions that affect the growth of a plant solely by supplying nutrients ordinarily required for growth, e.g. fertiliser, plant food, are classified in C05. Materials used to prevent or cure mineral deficiencies in plants, such as iron chelates used to cure iron chlorosis, are also classified in C05.
The activities (e.g. rodenticidal, herbicidal) of biocidal, pest repellent, pest attractant or plant growth regulatory preparations must also be classified in A01P, when such activities are determined to be invention information.
When biocides, pest repellents, pest attractants or plant growth regulators are compounds or contain compounds which are determined to be invention information, the compounds must also be classified in C01C07, C08, or C12N. When these compounds are considered to be of interest for search purposes, they may also be classified in C01C07, C08, or C12N.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Apparatus therefor | A01G 5/06 |
Preservation of food or foodstuff, e.g. pasteurizing, sterilizing | A23B, A23K 3/00, A23L 3/00 |
Preservation or chemical ripening of harvested fruits or vegetables | A23B 7/00 |
Compositions for medical, dental or toilet purposes which kill or prevent the growth or proliferation of unwanted organisms | A61K |
Sex sterilants for animals other than invertebrates | A61K |
Mixtures of pesticides with fertilisers | C05G |
Fungicidal, bactericidal, insecticidal, disinfecting or antiseptic paper | D21H |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Plant grafting | A01G 1/06 |
Devices for preserving flowers | A01G 5/06 |
Electric or magnetic treatment of plants for promoting growth | A01G 7/04 |
Sterilising soil by steam | A01G 11/00 |
Protecting plants (e.g. protective covers; devices for generating heat, smoke or fog; devices protecting against animals) | A01G 13/00 |
Means for catching or killing insects | A01M 1/00, A01M 5/00 |
Apparatus for destroying vermin in soil or food stuffs | A01M 17/00 |
Apparatus for the destruction of vegetation | A01M 21/00 |
Scaring devices e.g. bird-scaring apparatus | A01M 29/00 |
Hunting decoys | A01M 31/06 |
Methods or apparatus for disinfection or sterilisation of materials not characterized by the agent employed | A61L 2/00, A61L 12/00 |
Paints containing biocides, e.g. fungicides, insecticides, pesticides | C09D 5/14 |
Anti-fouling paints and underwater paints | C09D 5/16 |
C09K 17/00 | |
Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells or tissues and their cultivation and maintenance | C12N 5/00 |
Biocidal agents (e.g. fungicidal, bactericidal, or insecticidal agents) which are in or on paper | D21H 21/36 |
Special rules of classification
In groups A01N 27/00-A01N 65/00, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place for an active ingredient.
A composition, i.e. a mixture of two or more active ingredients is classified in the last of groups A01N 27/00-A01N 65/00 that provides for at least one of these active ingredients.
Any part of a composition which is not identified by classification according to the last appropriate place of an active ingredient, and which itself is determined to be novel and non-obvious, must also be classified. The part can be either a single ingredient or a composition in itself.
Any part of a composition which is not identified by the classification according the last appropriate place, and which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified. This can for example be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information".
Where a compound is described as existing in tautomeric forms, it is classified as if existing in the form which is classified last in the system.
Compounds that are covered by different main groups because of alternatively specified functional groups or other structural features of their formulae are classified in each relevant main group.
Salts formed between two or more organic compounds are classified as the compound providing the essential ion and is also classified as the compound providing the other ion.
Salts or metal chelates of an organic compound are classified as the compound.
In this subclass, a foodstuff is not considered to be an active ingredient.
Different materials applied in sequence, at different times, are considered to be a mixture of all materials employed.
Synergistic or potentiated compositions are classified as if the synergist or potentiator is an active ingredient.
In groups A01N 25/00-A01N 65/00, the symbol X means nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur or a halogen; Y means nitrogen, oxygen or sulfur. A dotted line between atoms indicates an optional bond, e.g. .... indicates one or two single bonds or a double bond.
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Acaricide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying mites and ticks or making them less harmful. |
Alkali metal | One of the following elements: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr. |
Alkaline earth metal | One of the following elements: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra. |
Arthropodicide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying arthropods, e.g. insects, arachnids, crustaceans or making them less harmful. |
Biocide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, or mitigating any living organism (e.g., plant, animal). Examples of a biocide are: acaricide, arthropodicide, fungicide, insecticide, molluscicide, rodenticide (see Synonyms and Keywords). |
Disinfectant | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing, destroying, or mitigating microorganisms. |
Fungicide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying moulds and fungi or making them less harmful. |
Halogen | One of the following elements: F, Cl, Br, I, At. |
Heavy metal | A metal other than light metal. |
Herbicide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying plant life or making it less harmful. |
Insecticide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying insects or making them less harmful. |
Light metal | One of the following elements: alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, Be, Al, Mg. |
Metal | An element other than non-metal. |
Molluscicide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying molluscs, e.g. snails, clams or making them less harmful. |
Non-metal | One of the following elements: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gas, halogen. |
Pesticide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying any pest (e.g., insects, rodents) or making it less harmful. |
Plant | A young tree, shrub, vegetable, or flower newly planted, or intended for planting |
Plant growth regulator | Materials which alter the plant or may affect plant growth through a chemical modification of the plant metabolism, such as auxins. |
Rodenticide | Any substance or mixture of substances intended for preventing or destroying rodents, e.g. rats, mice or making them less harmful. |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01N 25/00 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Apparatus for the destruction of noxious animals or noxious plants | A01M |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A01N 25/18 - Definition
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Fumigators | A01M 13/00 |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A23D - Definition
This subclass covers:
Edible oil or fat compositions containing an aqueous phase, e.g. margarines, and their working-up and the preservation of finished products.
Other edible oils or fats, e.g. shortenings, cooking oils, microbial oils and their working-up and the preservation of finished products.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
Foods or foodstuffs containing edible oils or fats are classified in the relevant parts A21DA23G, A23L. Fats derived from milk are classified in A23C (e.g. A23C 13/00 and A23C 15/00).
C07C covers acyclic and carbocyclic compounds, e.g. esters of carboxylic acids (C07C 69/00), but not their use in food stuff which is covered by A23D.
C11B covers the production and purification/refining of oils and fats as well as their recovery from waste material, but not limited to those oils and fats which are suitable for use in foodstuffs. C11B does not cover mixtures of fats or oils with water or other edible oils or fats, which are covered by A23D.
C11C covers fatty acids that are not or no longer esterified with glycerol (although the process or esterification of said fatty acids with glycerol is covered) and their modifications, as well as candles.
A23L 1/29 covers food with modified nutritive qualities, e. g. dietetic food, functional food.
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Animal-feeding stuff | A23K 1/00 |
Use of substance as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing or foam-producing agents | B01F 17/00 |
Mineral oil (kerosene, paraffin waxes, petroleum, gasoline, diesel), biodiesel | C10 |
Preparation of fats or fatty oils by using microorganism or enzymes | C12P 7/64 |
Investigating or analyzing edible oils or fats by specific methods | G01N 33/03 |
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Oil | An oil is a substance that is in a viscous liquid state ("oily") at ambient temperatures or slightly warmer, and is both hydrophobic (immiscible with water) and lipophilic (miscible with other oils, literally). This general definition includes compound classes with otherwise unrelated chemical structures, properties, and uses, including vegetable oils, petrochemical oils, and volatile essential oils. Oil is a nonpolar substance. The word "oil" is used for any substance that does not mix with water and has a greasy feel, such as petroleum (or crude oil) and heating oil, regardless of its chemical structure. |
Edible oil | Edible or cooking oil is fat of plant, animal or microbial origin, which is liquid at room temperature and is suitable for food use. Some of the many different kinds of edible vegetable oils include: olive oil, palm oil, soybean oil, canola oil, pumpkin seed oil, corn oil, sunflower oil, safflower oil, peanut oil, grape seed oil, sesame oil, argan oil and rice bran oil. Many other kinds of vegetable oils are also used for cooking. The generic term "vegetable oil" when used to label a cooking oil product refers to a blend of a variety of oils often based on palm, corn, soybean or sunflower oils. Edible oil of animal origin is e.g. fish oil. Microbial oil are also encompassed. |
Fat | Fats consist of a wide group of compounds that are generally soluble in organic solvents and largely insoluble in water. Chemically, fats are generally triesters of glycerol and fatty acids. Fats may be either solid or liquid at normal room temperature, depending on their structure and composition. Although the words "oils", "fats", and "lipids" are all used to refer to fats, "oils" is usually used to refer to fats that are liquids at normal room temperature, while "fats" is usually used to refer to fats that are solids at normal room temperature. "Lipids" is used to refer to both liquid and solid fats, along with other related substances. Fats form a category of lipid, distinguished from other lipids by their chemical structure and physical properties. This category of molecules is important for many forms of life, serving both structural and metabolic functions. They are an important part of the diet of most heterotrophs (including humans). Fats or lipids are broken down in the body by enzymes called lipases produced in the pancreas. |
Shortening | is a fat used in food preparation, especially baked goods, and is so called because it promotes a "short" or crumbly texture (as in shortbread). The term "shortening" can be used more broadly to apply to any fat that is used for baking and which is solid at room temperature, such as lard, but as used in recipes it refers to a hydrogenated vegetable oil that is solid at room temperature. Shortening generally has a higher smoke point than butter and margarine, and it may have 100% fat content, compared to about 80% for butter and margarine. |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A23D 7/05 - Definition
In this group, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Essential cooling | The cooling is an essential, i.e. indispensable characteristic of the working-up. |
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A23F - Definition
This subclass covers:
Tea.
Tea substitutes, e.g. mate, lemon balm, rose hips.
Extracts or infusions of tea and tea substitutes.
Tea flavour, tea oil.
Methods of manufacturing, preparing and modifying tea and tea substitutes, e.g. oxidation, fermentation, removing caffeine, extraction, drying, concentrating, flavouring.
Coffee.
Coffee substitutes, e.g. grain coffee.
Extracts or infusions of coffee and coffee substitutes.
Coffee flavour, coffee oil.
Methods of manufacturing, preparing and modifying coffee and coffee substitutes, e.g. treating green coffee, roasting, grinding, removing caffeine, extraction, drying, concentrating, flavouring.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
This subclass does not cover chemical compounds, e.g. alkaloids such as caffeine, theophylline, theobromine, or their preparation as such, which subject matter is covered by classes C07 (organic chemistry) and C08 (organic macromolecular compounds).
Physical or chemical processes or apparatus in general, e.g. boiling, extraction or filtration, are covered by class B01.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Picking of tea | A01D 46/04 |
Picking of coffee | A01D 46/06 |
Synthetic tea flavours | A23L 1/226 |
Synthetic coffee flavours | A23L 1/234 |
Machines for cleaning, blanching, drying or roasting fruits or vegetables, e.g. coffee | A23N 12/00 |
Coffee mills | A47J 42/00 |
Medicinal preparations containing plantmaterial from tea or tea substitutes or from coffee or coffee substitutes | A61K 36/00 |
e.g. | A61K 36/74, A61K 36/82, A61K 36/28 |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Chocolate, confectionery or ice-cream containing coffee or tea | A23G |
Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. freeze-drying or spray-drying | A23L |
Shaping or working of foodstuffs, not fully covered by a single other subclass, e.g. agglomerating, granulating or tabletting | A23P |
Coffee or tea pots | A47G 19/14 |
Tea infusers, e.g. egg-shaped infusers | A47G 19/16 |
Tea or coffee pot cosies | A47G 19/20 |
Apparatus for making beverages, e.g. coffee or tea | A47J 31/00 |
Packaging of substances, e.g. tea, which are intended to be infused in the package, i.e. filling tea bags | B65B 29/02 |
Attaching, or forming and attaching, string handles or tags to tea bags | B65B 29/04 |
Disposable containers or packages with contents which are infused or dissolved in situ | B65D 85/804 |
Disposable tea bags | B65D 85/808 |
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Alkaloid | The stimulant xanthine drugs caffeine, theobromine and theophylline contained in coffee beans and/or tea leaves. |
Coffee | Stimulant product or beverage made from roasted seeds, commonly called coffee beans, which come from a plant of the genus Coffea, e.g. Coffea arabica or Coffea canephora. |
Coffee substitutes | Coffee substitutes (solid or liquid) are non-coffeeproducts normally without caffeine, used to substitute coffee while preserving its taste. Grain coffee and other substitutes can be made by roasting or decocting various organic substances. Common ingredients include acorn, barley and malt, beech nut, chicory root, corn, fig and rye. |
Decaffeination | Process of removing the alkaloid caffeine from coffee beans or tea leaves. |
Herbal tea, tisane, ptisan | Any Camellia sinensis-free product or beverage prepared by hot water infusion of plantmaterial, usually leaves but also including fruits, flowers and possibly even bark or other parts. Herbal teas are belonging to the group of tea substitutes. |
Tea | Stimulant product or beverage made from the leaves of the traditional teaplant (Camellia sinensis). |
Tea substitutes | Tea substitutes (solid or liquid) are non-teaproducts, i.e. not coming from the traditional teaplant (Camellia sinensis), e.g. mate (Ilex paraguariensis), lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), rose hips (Rosa canina), etc.; cf. herbal tea. |
In patent documents the words "Lyophilisation" and "freeze-drying" are often used as synonyms.
IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
A23J - Definition
This subclass covers:
Obtaining of protein compositions for foodstuffs, e.g. from meat, fish or sea animals, blood, eggs, hair, cereals, leguminous or other vegetable seeds, waste water, yeasts or milk.
Bulk opening of eggs and separation of yolks from whites.
Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs, e.g. by texturising using freezing, extrusion, expansion, coagulation from or in a bath; by hydrolysis using chemical agents or enzymes.
Phosphatide compositions for foodstuffs, e. g. lecithin.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
Phosphatides in oils or fats are classified in C11B
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Treatment of flour or dough by adding proteins before or during baking | A21D 2/26 |
Dairy products, e.g. milk, butter, cheese; milk or cheese substitutes; making thereof | A23C 9/00, A23C 11/00, A23C 17/00-A23C 23/00 |
Cocoa products | A23G 1/44 |
Sweetmeats, confectionery or marzipan | A23G 3/44 |
Chewing gum | A23G 4/14 |
Frozen sweets containing peptides or proteins | A23G 9/38 |
Food or foodstuffs containing proteins as gelling or thickening agents | A23L 1/0562 |
Dietetic products containing proteins as additive | A23L 1/305 |
Proteins as adding ingredients for non-alcoholic beverages | A23L 2/66 |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Animal feeding-stuff | A23K 1/00 |
Protein compositions or phosphatide compositions for pharmaceuticals or cosmetics | A61K 8/64, A61K 9/38, A61K 9/64 |
Phosphatides per se | C07F |
General processes for the preparation of peptides | C07K 1/00 |
Peptides e.g. oligopeptides, proteins | C07K 4/00-C07K 14/00 |
Immunoglobulins | C07K 16/00 |
Carrier-bound or immobilised peptides and preparation thereof | C07K 17/00 |
Hybridpeptides | C07K 19/00 |
Macromolecular materials from blood | C08H |
Preparation of glue | C09H |
Gelatin not for foodstuffs | C09H 1/00-C09H 9/04 |
Analysis of food | G01N 33/02 |
Enzymes and preparation thereof | C12N 9/00 |
Preparation of peptides or proteins using fermentation or enzymes | C12P 21/00 |
Use of substances as emulsifying, wetting, dispersing or foam-producing agents | B01F 17/30 |
Special rules of classification
In groups A23J 3/04-A23J 3/20, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place.
Subject matter classified in groups A23J 3/22-A23J 3/30 is also classified in groups A23J 3/04-A23J 3/20, if the nature of the protein is of interest.