IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012
B01D 15/00 - Definition
This main group covers:
Treating liquids with moving adsorbents.
Non-selective adsorption treatment of liquids with ion-exchange materials in processes where no ion-exchange occurs (e.g. purification or regeneration treatments).
Selective adsorption treatments of liquids with ion-exchange materials as adsorbents.
Separation processes and apparatus using selective adsorption e.g. chromatography.
References relevant to classification in this main group
This main group does not cover:
Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with liquid sorbents | B01D 11/00 |
Preparative gas chromatography | B01D 53/02 |
Separation of isotopes of the same chemical element | B01D 59/00 |
Sorbent materials in general | B01J 20/00 |
B01J 20/281 | |
Ion-exchange processes or materials | B01J 39/00-B01J 49/00 |
Treatment of water | C02F |
e.g. softening of water by ion-exchange | C02F 1/42 |
Investigative or analytical chromatography | G01N 30/00 |
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Sorption and chromatography relating to particular applications, or relating to treating particular compounds or groups of compounds, may be classified in the following non-exhaustive list: | |
Modifying dairy products by dialysis, osmosis, filtration or ion-exchange | A23C 9/14 |
Treating blood or products derived therefrom | A61K 35/14 |
Separation of optically active compounds | C07B 57/00 |
Purification of hydrocarbons by adsorption | C07C 7/12 |
Extraction, separation or purification of peptides by chromatography | C07K 1/16 |
Refining hydrocarbon oils with solid sorbents | C10G 25/00 |
Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption | C11B 3/10 |
Purification of alcoholic beverages with ion-exchange or adsorption material | C12H 1/04 |
Separating or purifying micro-organisms or enzymes | C12N 9/00 |
Purification of sugar juices using adsorption agents | C13B 20/12 |
Special rules of classification
In order that group B01D 15/08 may provide a basis for a complete search with respect to chromatography, all subject matter of interest should also be classified in this group even when it is classified primarily in application-oriented place(s) (see Informative References).
In this main group, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
Adsorption | A separation process which involves the transfer and resulting equilibrium distribution of one or more solutes between a fluid phase and adsorbing particles. |
Sorbent | A material which separates a constituent from a fluid mixture containing such constituents. The action in most instances is that of selective retention (i.e. the sorbent removes only the part of the fluid mixture for which it has the greatest affinity). The retained constituent cannot be removed by shaking, brushing or similar mechanical action, but generally can be removed by heating, pressure reduction, or use of a stripping or denuding fluid. |
Chromatography | A process in which a liquid is flowed along a linear path comprising a sorbent, with which the liquid competes in affinity for a constituent of the liquid. The constituent is sorbed from the moving liquid by the relatively immobile sorbent and re-dissolved by a later passing portion of the liquid until an equilibrium of the sorbing-dissolving step is set up causing the constituent to concentrate in a specific volume of the sorbent and to move along the path of the liquid at a rate slower than such liquid. |
Adsorption chromatography | Separation is based mainly on differences between the adsorption affinities of the sample components for the surface of an active solid. |
Partition chromatography | Separation is based mainly on differences between the solubilities of the sample components in the stationary phase (gas chromatography) or on differences between the solubilities of the components in the mobile and stationary phases (liquid chromatography). |
Exclusion chromatography | Separation is based mainly on exclusion effects, such as differences in molecular size (size-exclusion chromatography) and/or shape or charge |
Affinity chromatography | The particular variant of chromatography in which the unique biological specificity of the analyte and ligand interaction is utilised for the separation. |
Bonded phase | A stationary phase which is covalently bonded to the support particles or to the inside wall of the column tubing. |
HPLC | High performance liquid chromatography, sometimes also referred to as high pressure liquid chromatography |