IPC Definitions - January 01, 2012

C04B 35/00 - Definition fr

Definition statement

This main group covers:

Ceramic compositions or refractories based on oxides or oxide mixtures or solid solutions of two or more oxides; Processes for their manufacture.

Ceramic compositions based on rare earth compounds or on compounds of actinides; Processes for their manufacture.

Ceramic compositions or refractories based on non-oxides, e.g. on carbon, sulfides, selenides, fluorides, carbides, borides, nitrides or silicides; Processes for their manufacture.

Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay; Processes for their manufacture.

Ceramic products containing macroscopic reinforcing agents, e.g. shaped metallic or non-metallic materials ; Processes for their manufacture.

Shaped ceramic products or refractories characterised by their composition; Processes for manufacturing these shaped ceramic products or refractories:

Processes characterised by the burning or sintering step.

Shaped products obtained by processes involving a melting step.

References relevant to classification in this main group

This main group does not cover:

Mechanical features relating to the working of ceramics, e.g. mixing or shaping ceramic compositions

B28

Devitrified glass ceramics

C03C 10/00

Clay-wares

C04B 33/00

Compositions containing free metal bonded to carbides, diamond, oxides, borides, nitrides, silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, such as oxynitrides or sulfides, other than as macroscopic reinforcing agents

C22C

Manufacture of ceramic fibres

D01F 9/08

Furnaces, kilns, ovens, or retorts

F27

Casings, linings, walls, roofs of furnaces, kilns, ovens, or retorts

F27D 1/00
Examples of places where the subject matter of this class is covered when specially adapted, used for a particular purpose, or incorporated in a larger system:

Dental prostheses, e.g. porcelain or ceramic teeth

A61C 13/08

Materials for prostheses or for coating prostheses

A61L 27/00

Materials for catheters or for coating catheters

A61L 29/00

Materials for other surgical articles

A61L 31/00

Luminescent materials

C09K 11/00

Fireproofing materials

C09K 21/00

Materials for coating by flame or plasma spraying

C23C 4/10

Materials for coating by sputtering, e.g. ceramic targets

C23C 14/06

Materials for parts of bearings, e.g. sliding-contact bearings

F16C 33/00

Materials for friction linings

F16D 69/02

Materials for pistons, trunk pistons, plungers

F16J 1/01

Materials for piston-rings or seats therefor

F16J 9/26

Materials for rigid pipes

F16L 9/00

Materials for protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation

F16L 58/00

Luminescent materials for light screens

F21V 9/16

Materials for conductors or conductive bodies

H01B 1/00

Materials for insulators or insulating or dielectric bodies

H01B 3/00

Superconductive or hyperconductive conductors, cables, or transmission lines

H01B 12/00

Materials for varistor cores

H01C 7/105

Materials for magnets or magnetic bodies

H01F 1/00

Superconducting magnets or coils

H01F 6/00

Materials for fixed capacitors, e.g. ceramic dielectrics

H01G 4/12

Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices characterised by the material , e.g. ceramic substrates

H01L 23/00

Materials for superconductive or hyperconductive devices

H01L 39/00

Materials for piezo-electric or electrostrictive elements

H01L 41/00

Materials for inert electrodes with catalytic activity for electrochemical generators, e.g. for fuel cells

H01M 4/86

Materials for solid electrolytes of fuel cells

H01M 8/10

Dielectric resonators of the waveguide type

H01P 7/10

Informative references

Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:

Filters, membranes for separation processes

B01D

Catalysts

B01J

Articles characterised by particular shape, see the relevant classes, e.g. linings for casting ladles, tundishes, cups or the like

B22D 41/02

Producing shaped articles from the material , e.g. by slip-casting

B28B 1/00

Layered products essentially comprising ceramics , e.g. refractory products

B32B 18/00

Chemical preparation of powders of inorganic compounds

C01

Chemical composition of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels

C03C

Obtaining porous products

C04B 38/00

Alloys based on carbides, oxides, borides, nitrides or silicides, e.g. cermets

C22C 29/00

Single crystals or homogeneous polycrystalline material with defined structure

C30B 29/00

Casings, linings, walls of combustion chambers characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks

F23M 5/02

Arrangement or mounting of linings for fire-boxes, e.g. fire-back

F24B 13/02

Basic electric elements

H01

Special rules of classification

In this group, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, compositions are classified according to the constituent present in the highest proportion by weight.

In this group, magnesium is considered as an alkaline earth metal.

In this group, a composite is considered as a sintered mixture of different powdered materials , other than sintering aids, the materials being present as separate phases in the sintered product .

In this group, fine ceramics are considered as products having a polycrystalline fine-grained microstructure, e.g. of dimensions below 100 micrometers.

The production of ceramic powder is classified in this group in so far as it relates to the preparation of powder with specific characteristics.

Any ingredient of a refractory mortar composition containing a hydraulic cement , e.g. aluminous cement , classified in C04B 35/66, which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified according to the Last Place Rule of note (2) after the subclass title of C04B, in groups C04B 7/00 to C04B 24/00. This can for example be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information". For example, such an additional classification in group C04B 24/00 may be given for an organic retarder added to the refractory mortar composition.

Glossary of terms

In this main group, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:

Ceramics

Inorganic, non-metallic products obtained by a process involving a shaping step and a sintering or comparable heat treatment step, with the exclusion of cements , cermets and glasses, glazes, vitreous enamels and devitrified glass ceramics .

Fine ceramics

Ceramics having a polycrystalline fine-grained microstructure, e.g. of dimensions below 100 micrometer.

Refractories

Ceramics or mortars withstanding high temperatures of at least about 1500 degrees C. For classification and search in this subclass, no substantial distinction is made between the terms " refractories " and " ceramics ".

Carbon-carbon composites

Products consisting of carbon fibres in a carbon matrix are usually referred to as " carbon-carbon composites ".

Porous materials

Materials which are deliberately made porous, e.g. by adding gas- forming, foaming, burnable or lightweight additives to the composition they are made of.