In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows:
Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive
Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides
Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive
Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At
Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd
Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group
Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg
Heavy metals: metals other than light metals
Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni
Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens
Metals: elements other than non-metals
Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards
Section C covers :
pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation;
applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents;
certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry;
certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general;
metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys.
In all sections of the IPC, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, the Periodic System of chemical elements referred to is the one with 8 groups as represented in the table below. For example, group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C07F 3/00 "Compounds containing elements of the 2nd Group of the Periodic System" refers to the elements of columns IIa and IIb. [2009.01]
In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C.
In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27.
There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example:
Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D.
In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for:
When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
"use of materials for coating compositions" means the use of known or new polymers or products;
"rubber" includes:
natural or conjugated diene rubbers;
rubber in general (for a specific rubber, other than a natural rubber or a conjugated diene rubber, see the group provided for coating compositions based on such macromolecular compounds);
"based on" is defined by means of Note (3), below;
"filling pastes" means materials used to fill up the holes or cavities of a substrate in order to smooth its surface prior to coating. [5]
In this subclass, coating compositions, containing specific organic macromolecular substances are classified only according to the macromolecular substance, non-macromolecular substances not being taken into account.
Aspects relating to the physical nature of the coating compositions or to the effects produced, as defined in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 5/00, if clearly and explicitly stated, are also classified in this subclass.
Coating compositions characterised by other features, e.g. additives, are classified in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 7/00, unless the macromolecular constituent is specified. [5]
In this subclass, coating compositions comprising two or more macromolecular constituents are classified according to the macromolecular constituent or constituents present in the highest proportion, i.e. the constituent on which the composition is based. If the composition is based on two or more constituents, present in equal proportions, the composition is classified according to each of these constituents.
Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond [5]
Any macromolecular constituent of a coating composition which is not identified by the classification according to Note (3) after the title of subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D or Note (1) above, and which is considered to represent information of interest for search, may also be classified in a group chosen from groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 101/00-C09D 201/00. This can for example be the case when it is considered of interest to enable searching of coating compositions using a combination of classification symbols. Such non-obligatory classification should be given as "additional information." [8]
P:490
C09D 101/00
Coating compositions based on cellulose, modified cellulose, or cellulose derivatives [5]
P:480
C09D 103/00
Coating compositions based on starch, amylose or amylopectin or on their derivatives or degradation products [5]
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:290
C09D 125/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:280
C09D 127/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
C09D 127/02
·
not modified by chemical after-treatment [5]
C09D 127/12
· ·
containing fluorine atoms [5]
C09D 127/14
· · ·
Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl fluoride [5]
C09D 127/16
· · ·
Homopolymers or copolymers of vinylidene fluoride [5]
C09D 127/18
· · ·
Homopolymers or copolymers of tetrafluoroethene [5]
C09D 127/20
· · ·
Homopolymers or copolymers of hexafluoropropene [5]
P:270
C09D 129/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal, or ketal radical; Coating compositions based on hydrolysed polymers of esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:260
C09D 131/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid, or of a haloformic acid (based on hydrolysed polymers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 129/00); Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:250
C09D 133/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers (based on ABS polymers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 155/00) [5]
C09D 133/02
·
Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof [5]
C09D 133/04
·
Homopolymers or copolymers of esters [5]
C09D 133/06
· ·
of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical [5]
C09D 133/08
· · ·
Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters [5]
C09D 133/10
· · ·
Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters [5]
C09D 133/14
· ·
of esters containing halogen, nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms in addition to the carboxy oxygen [5]
C09D 133/18
·
Homopolymers or copolymers of nitriles [5]
C09D 133/24
·
Homopolymers or copolymers of amides or imides [5]
P:240
C09D 135/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least another carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:220
C09D 137/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a heterocyclic ring containing oxygen (based on polymers of cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 131/00; based on polymers of cyclic anhydrides of unsaturated acids Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 135/00); Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:210
C09D 139/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a single or double bond to nitrogen or by a heterocyclic ring containing nitrogen; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:200
C09D 141/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a bond to sulfur or by a heterocyclic ring containing sulfur; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:190
C09D 143/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing boron, silicon, phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:230
C09D 145/00
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having no unsaturated aliphatic radicals in a side chain, and having one or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds in a carbocyclic or in a heterocyclic ring system; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers (based on polymers of cyclic esters of polyfunctional acids Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 131/00; based on polymers of cyclic anhydrides or imides Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 135/00) [5]
Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more carbon-to-carbon triple bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:140
C09D 151/00
Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds (based on ABS polymers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09D 155/00); Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
C09D 151/08
·
grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [5]
P:130
C09D 153/00
Coating compositions based on block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
Coating compositions based on unspecified polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [5]
C09D 159/00 - C09D 187/00
Coating compositions based on organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds [5]
P:330
C09D 159/00
Coating compositions based on polyacetals; Coating compositions based on derivatives of polyacetals [5]
Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on polysulfones; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:450
C09D 183/00
Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
in which all the silicon atoms are connected by linkages other than oxygen atoms [5]
P:460
C09D 185/00
Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing atoms other than silicon, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers [5]
P:470
C09D 187/00
Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds, obtained otherwise than by polymerisation reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds [5]
C09D 189/00 - C09D 199/00
Coating compositions based on natural macromolecular compounds or on derivatives thereof [5]