In section C, the definitions of groups of chemical elements are as follows:
Alkali metals: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr
Alkaline earth metals: Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
Lanthanides: elements with atomic numbers 57 to 71 inclusive
Rare earths: Sc, Y, Lanthanides
Actinides: elements with atomic numbers 89 to 103 inclusive
Refractory metals: Ti, V, Cr, Zr, Nb, Mo, Hf, Ta, W
Halogens: F, Cl, Br, I, At
Noble gases: He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Platinum group: Os, Ir, Pt, Ru, Rh, Pd
Noble metals: Ag, Au, Platinum group
Light metals: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, Be, Al, Mg
Heavy metals: metals other than light metals
Iron group: Fe, Co, Ni
Non-metals: H, B, C, Si, N, P, O, S, Se, Te, noble gases, halogens
Metals: elements other than non-metals
Transition elements: elements with atomic numbers 21 to 30 inclusive, 39 to 48 inclusive, 57 to 80 inclusive, 89 upwards
Section C covers :
pure chemistry, which covers inorganic compounds, organic compounds, macromolecular compounds, and their methods of preparation;
applied chemistry, which covers compositions containing the above compounds, such as: glass, ceramics, fertilisers, plastics compositions, paints, products of the petroleum industry. It also covers certain compositions on account of their having particular properties rendering them suitable for certain purposes, as in the case of explosives, dyestuffs, adhesives, lubricants, and detergents;
certain marginal industries, such as the manufacture of coke and of solid or gaseous fuels, the production and refining of oils, fats and waxes, the fermentation industry (e.g., brewing and wine-making), the sugar industry;
certain operations or treatments, which are either purely mechanical, e.g., the mechanical treatment of leather and skins, or partly mechanical, e.g., the treatment of water or the prevention of corrosion in general;
metallurgy, ferrous or non-ferrous alloys.
In all sections of the IPC, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, the Periodic System of chemical elements referred to is the one with 8 groups as represented in the table below. For example, group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C07F 3/00 "Compounds containing elements of the 2nd Group of the Periodic System" refers to the elements of columns IIa and IIb. [2009.01]
In the case of operations, treatments, products or articles having both a chemical and a non-chemical part or aspect, the general rule is that the chemical part or aspect is covered by section C.
In some of these cases, the chemical part or aspect brings with it a non-chemical one, even though purely mechanical, because this latter aspect either is essential to the operation or treatment or constitutes an important element thereof. It has seemed, in fact, more logical not to dissociate the different parts or aspects of a coherent whole. This is the case for applied chemistry and for the industries, operations and treatments mentioned in Notes (1)(c), (d) and (e). For example, furnaces peculiar to the manufacture of glass are covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C03 and not by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27.
There are, however, some exceptions in which the mechanical (or non-chemical) aspect carries with it the chemical aspect, for example:
Photographic materials and processes, in class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G03, and, generally, the chemical treatment of textiles and the production of cellulose or paper, in section D.
In still other cases, the pure chemical aspect is covered by section C and the applied chemical aspect by another section, such as A, B or F, e.g., the use of a substance or composition for:
When the chemical and mechanical aspects are so closely interlocked that a neat and simple division is not possible, or when certain mechanical processes follow as a natural or logical continuation of a chemical treatment, section C may cover, in addition to the chemical aspect, a part only of the mechanical aspect, e.g., after-treatment of artificial stone, covered by class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C04. In this latter case, a note or a reference is usually given to make the position clear, even if sometimes the division is rather arbitrary.
MATERIALS FOR APPLICATIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
C09K
Note(s)
This subclass covers also the use of specified materials in general or their use for the applications not specifically provided for elsewhere.
In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
"materials" includes compositions. [4]
P:90
C09K 3/00
Materials not provided for elsewhere [2]
C09K 3/10
·
for sealing or packing joints or covers
C09K 3/12
·
for stopping leaks, e.g. in radiators or in tanks
C09K 3/14
·
Anti-slip materials; Abrasives [4]
C09K 3/16
·
Anti-static materials [4]
C09K 3/18
·
for application to surface to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces [4]
C09K 3/20
·
as substitutes for glycerol in its non-chemical uses, e.g. as a base in toilet creams or ointments
C09K 3/22
·
for dust-laying or dust-absorbing [4]
C09K 3/24
·
for simulating ice or snow [4]
C09K 3/30
·
for aerosols [4]
C09K 3/32
·
for treating liquid pollutants, e.g. oil, gasoline or fat (processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62D 3/00)
P:0
C09K 5/00
Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion (with antifreeze additives, for application to surfaces Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 3/18) [2]
P:10
C09K 8/00
Compositions for drilling of boreholes or wells; Compositions for treating boreholes or wells, e.g. for completion or for remedial operations [8]
C09K 8/02
·
Well-drilling compositions [8]
C09K 8/40
·
Spacer compositions, e.g. compositions used to separate well-drilling from cementing masses [8]
C09K 8/42
·
Compositions for cementing, e.g. for cementing casings into boreholes; Compositions for plugging, e.g. for killing wells (compositions for plastering borehole walls Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 8/50) [8]
C09K 8/50
·
Compositions for plastering borehole walls, i.e. compositions for temporary consolidation of borehole walls [8]
C09K 8/52
·
Compositions for preventing, limiting or eliminating depositions, e.g. for cleaning [8]
C09K 8/54
·
Compositions for in situ inhibition of corrosion in boreholes or wells [8]
C09K 8/56
·
Compositions for consolidating loose sand or the like around wells without excessively decreasing the permeability thereof [8]
C09K 8/58
·
Compositions for enhanced recovery methods for obtaining hydrocarbons, i.e. for improving the mobility of the oil, e.g. displacing fluids [8]
C09K 8/60
·
Compositions for stimulating production by acting on the underground formation [8]
P:20
C09K 9/00
Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy adsorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy [2]
C09K 9/02
·
Organic tenebrescent materials [2]
P:30
C09K 11/00
Luminescent, e.g. electroluminescent, chemiluminescent, materials [2]
C09K 11/02
·
Use of particular materials as binders, particle coatings or suspension media therefor [2]
C09K 11/06
·
containing organic luminescent materials [2]
C09K 11/07
· ·
having chemically-interreactive components, e.g. reactive chemiluminescent compositions [3]
containing beryllium, magnesium, alkali metals or alkaline earth metals [4]
C09K 11/56
· ·
containing sulfur [4]
C09K 11/57
· ·
containing manganese or rhenium [4]
C09K 11/58
· ·
containing copper, silver or gold [4]
C09K 11/59
· ·
containing silicon [4]
C09K 11/60
· ·
containing iron, cobalt or nickel [4]
C09K 11/61
· ·
containing fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine or unspecified halogen elements [4]
C09K 11/62
· ·
containing gallium, indium or thallium [4]
C09K 11/63
· ·
containing boron [4]
C09K 11/64
· ·
containing aluminium [4]
C09K 11/65
· ·
containing carbon [4]
C09K 11/66
· ·
containing germanium, tin or lead [4]
C09K 11/67
· ·
containing refractory metals [4]
C09K 11/70
· ·
containing phosphorus [4]
C09K 11/74
· ·
containing arsenic, antimony or bismuth [4]
C09K 11/77
· ·
containing rare earth metals [4]
C09K 11/87
· ·
containing platinum group metals [4]
C09K 11/88
· ·
containing selenium, tellurium or unspecified chalcogen elements [4]
C09K 11/89
· ·
containing mercury [4]
P:40
C09K 13/00
Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions [2]
P:50
C09K 15/00
Anti-oxidant compositions; Compositions inhibiting chemical change [4]
P:60
C09K 17/00
Soil-conditioning materials or soil-stabilising materials [3]
C09K 17/00
Note(s)
This group covers mixtures of soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising materials with fertilisers characterised by their soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising activity. [6]
This group does not cover mixtures of soil-conditioning or soil-stabilising materials with fertilisers characterised by their fertilising activity which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C05G. [6]
For the purpose of classification in this group, the presence of fertilisers in the composition is not taken into account. [6]