H
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY
 H

Note(s)

These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H.

  1. Section H covers:
    1. basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere);
    2. generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear;
    3. applied electricity, which covers:
      1. general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits;
      2. some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including:
        1. electric light sources, including lasers;
        2. electric X-ray technique;
        3. electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons;
    4. basic electronic circuits and their control;
    5. radio or electric communication technique;
    6. the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 88 to 90 of the Guide should be referred to.
  2. In this section, the following general rules apply:
    1. Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question;
    2. The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include:
      1. the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class A61;
      2. the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes B01 and B03 and in subclass B23K;
      3. the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B;
      4. the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass F23Q;
      5. the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself;
    3. All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a) above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself.
  3. In this section, the following special cases occur:
    1. Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses F24D or F24H or class F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in H05B which cover the same technical subjects;
    2. In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass H05B;
    3. In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class F21;
    4. As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

 H01
BASIC ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
 H01

Note(s)

  1. Processes involving only a single technical art, e.g. drying, coating, for which provision exists elsewhere are classified in the relevant class for that art.
  2. Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class B81 and subclass B81B relating to "micro-structural devices" and "micro-structural systems". [7]
 H01J
ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS (spark-gaps H01T; arc lamps with consumable electrodes H05B; particle accelerators H05H)
 H01J

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers only devices for producing, influencing, or using a flow of electrons or ions, e.g. for controlling, indicating, or switching of electric current, counting electric pulses, producing light or other electromagnetic oscillations, such as X-rays, or for separating or analysing radiation or particles, and having a closed or substantially closed casing containing a chosen gas, vapour, or vacuum, upon the pressure and nature of which the characteristics of the device depend.

    Light sources using a combination (other than covered by group H01J 61/00 of this subclass) of discharge and other kinds of light generation are covered by group H05B 35/00.

  2. In this subclass, groups H01J 1/00-H01J 7/00 relate only to:
    1. details of an unspecified kind of discharge tube or lamp, or
    2. details mentioned in a specification as applicable to two or more kinds of tubes or lamps as defined by groups H01J 11/00, H01J 13/00, H01J 15/00, H01J 17/00, H01J 21/00, H01J 25/00, H01J 27/00, H01J 31/00, H01J 33/00, H01J 35/00, H01J 37/00, H01J 40/00, H01J 41/00, H01J 47/00, H01J 49/00, H01J 61/00, H01J 63/00 or H01J 65/00, hereinafter called basic kinds. A detail only described with reference to, or clearly only applicable to, tubes or lamps of a single basic kind is classified in the detail group appropriate to tubes or lamps of that basic kind, e.g. H01J 17/04.
  3. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "lamp" includes tubes emitting ultra-violet or infra-red light.
  4. Attention is drawn to the definition of the expression "spark gaps" given in the Note following the title of subclass H01T.  [4]
  5. Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof are classified in group H01J 9/00.
 H01J
Subclass index
GAS-FILLED TUBES
Without electrode inside; liquid cathode; gaseous cathode; solid cathode 11/00; 13/00; 15/00; 17/00
VACUUM TUBES
Classical tubes: tubes; details 21/00; 19/00
Transit-time tubes: tubes; details 25/00; 23/00
Ion beam tubes 27/00
Cathode ray tubes: tubes; details 31/00; 29/00
X-ray tubes 35/00
TUBES FOR PROCESSING OR EXAMINATION OF MATERIALS OR OBJECTS 37/00
SPECIAL TUBES
For emergence of electrons or ions; particle spectrometers or separator tubes 33/00; 49/00
Vacuum gauges, evacuation by ion diffusion; secondary-emission tubes, electron multipliers; thermionic generators 41/00; 43/00; 45/00
Photoelectric; radiation and particle detectors 40/00; 47/00
DISCHARGE LAMPS
Gas discharge lamps; cathode ray or electron stream lamps; without electrode inside 61/00; 63/00; 65/00
DETAILS
Electrodes; electron optics; vessels; other details 1/00; 3/00; 5/00; 7/00
MANUFACTURE; REPAIR; REGENERATION; RECOVERY OF MATERIAL 9/00
SUBJECT MATTER NOT PROVIDED FOR IN OTHER GROUPS OF THIS SUBCLASS 99/00
P:240 H01J 1/00
Details of electrodes, of magnetic control means, of screens, or of the mounting or spacing thereof, common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps (details of electron-optical arrangements or of ion traps H01J 3/00)
 H01J 1/02
·  Main electrodes
 H01J 1/13
·  ·  Solid thermionic cathodes
 H01J 1/20
·  ·  ·  Cathodes heated indirectly by an electric current; Cathodes heated by electron or ion bombardment
 H01J 1/30
·  ·  Cold cathodes
P:230 H01J 3/00
Details of electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements or of ion traps common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
P:250 H01J 5/00
Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
 H01J 5/02
·  Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith; Vacuum locks
P:260 H01J 7/00
Details not provided for in groups H01J 1/00-H01J 5/00 and common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
P:270 H01J 9/00
Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof (manufacture of vessels or containers from metal B21, e.g. B21D 51/00, from glass C03B); Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps  [1,7]
 H01J 9/02
·  Manufacture of electrodes or electrode systems
 H01J 9/04
·  ·  of thermionic cathodes
 H01J 9/08
·  ·  Manufacture of heaters for indirectly-heated cathodes
 H01J 9/12
·  ·  of photo-emissive cathodes; of secondary-emission electrodes
 H01J 9/14
·  ·  of non-emitting electrodes
 H01J 9/16
·  ·  ·  Machines for making wire grids
 H01J 9/18
·  ·  Assembling together the component parts of electrode systems
 H01J 9/20
·  Manufacture of screens on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted or stored; Applying coatings to the vessel
 H01J 9/22
·  ·  Applying luminescent coatings
 H01J 9/227
·  ·  ·  with luminescent material discontinuously arranged, e.g. in dots or lines  [2]
 H01J 9/24
·  Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors, or bases
 H01J 9/26
·  ·  Sealing together parts of vessels
 H01J 9/32
·  ·  Sealing leading-in conductors
 H01J 9/34
·  ·  Joining base to vessel
 H01J 9/38
·  Exhausting, degassing, filling, or cleaning vessels
 H01J 9/42
·  Measurement or testing during manufacture
 H01J 9/44
·  Factory adjustment of completed discharge tubes or lamps to comply with desired tolerances
P:190 H01J 11/00
Gas-filled discharge tubes without any main electrode inside the vessel; Gas-filled discharge tubes with at least one main electrode outside the vessel (lamps H01J 65/00)
 H01J 11/02
·  Details, e.g. gas filling, shape of vessel
 H01J 11/04
·  ·  Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the tube and not otherwise provided for
P:200 H01J 13/00
Discharge tubes with liquid-pool cathodes, e.g. metal-vapour rectifying tubes (lamps H01J 61/00)
P:210 H01J 15/00
Gas-filled discharge tubes with gaseous cathodes, e.g. plasma cathode (lamps H01J 61/00)
P:220 H01J 17/00
Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode (H01J 25/00, H01J 27/00, H01J 31/00-H01J 41/00 take precedence; gas or vapour discharge lamps H01J 61/00; gas filled spark gaps H01T; Marx converters H02M 7/04; tubes for generating potential differences by charges carried in a gas stream H02N)
 H01J 17/02
·  Details
 H01J 17/04
·  ·  Electrodes; Screens
 H01J 17/38
·  Cold-cathode tubes (TR boxes H01J 17/64)
 H01J 17/48
·  ·  with more than one cathode or anode, e.g. sequence-discharge tube, counting tube, dekatron
 H01J 17/49
·  ·  ·  Display panels, e.g. with crossed electrodes (gas-discharge-type indicating arrangements effected by the combination of a number of individual lamps G09F 9/313)  [3]
 H01J 17/50
·  Thermionic-cathode tubes (TR boxes H01J 17/64)
 H01J 17/64
·  Tubes specially designed for switching or modulating in a waveguide, e.g. TR box
P:180 H01J 19/00
Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J 21/00
P:170 H01J 21/00
Vacuum tubes (H01J 25/00, H01J 31/00-H01J 40/00, H01J 43/00, H01J 47/00, H01J 49/00 take precedence; details of vacuum tubes H01J 19/00; cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps H01J 63/00)
P:120 H01J 23/00
Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J 25/00
 H01J 23/02
·  Electrodes; Magnetic control means; Screens (associated with resonator or delay system H01J 23/16)
 H01J 23/16
·  Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge (circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, in general H01P)
P:110 H01J 25/00
Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons (details of transit-time tubes H01J 23/00; particle accelerators H05H)
P:130 H01J 27/00
Ion beam tubes (H01J 25/00, H01J 33/00, H01J 37/00 take precedence; particle accelerators H05H)
 H01J 27/02
·  Ion sources; Ion guns (arrangements for handling particles, e.g. focusing, G21K 1/00; generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases H01T 23/00; generating plasma H05H 1/24)  [3]
 H01J 27/16
·  ·  using high-frequency excitation, e.g. microwave excitation  [3]
P:160 H01J 29/00
Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J 31/00
 H01J 29/02
·  Electrodes; Screens; Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating thereof
 H01J 29/04
·  ·  Cathodes (electron guns H01J 29/48)
 H01J 29/06
·  ·  Screens for shielding; Masks interposed in the electron stream
 H01J 29/07
·  ·  ·  Shadow masks for colour-television tubes  [2]
 H01J 29/10
·  ·  Screens on, or from, which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted, or stored
 H01J 29/18
·  ·  ·  Luminescent screens
 H01J 29/20
·  ·  ·  ·  characterised by the luminescent material
 H01J 29/46
·  Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
 H01J 29/48
·  ·  Electron guns
 H01J 29/50
·  ·  ·  two or more guns being arranged in a single vacuum space, e.g. for plural-ray tubes (H01J 29/51 takes precedence)  [2]
 H01J 29/51
·  ·  ·  Arrangements for controlling convergence of a plurality of beams  [2]
 H01J 29/52 - 
H01J 29/58

Note(s)

Group H01J 29/48 takes precedence over groups H01J 29/52-H01J 29/58.

 H01J 29/52
·  ·  Arrangements for controlling intensity of ray or beam, e.g. for modulation
 H01J 29/54
·  ·  Arrangements for centring ray or beam
 H01J 29/56
·  ·  Arrangements for controlling cross-section of ray or beam; Arrangements for correcting aberration of beam, e.g. due to lenses
 H01J 29/58
·  ·  Arrangements for focusing or reflecting ray or beam
 H01J 29/70
·  ·  Arrangements for deflecting ray or beam (circuit arrangements for producing sawtooth pulses or other deflecting voltages or currents H03K)
 H01J 29/72
·  ·  ·  along one straight line or along two perpendicular straight lines
 H01J 29/76
·  ·  ·  ·  Deflecting by magnetic fields only
 H01J 29/82
·  ·  Mounting, supporting, spacing, or insulating electron-optical or ion-optical arrangements
 H01J 29/86
·  Vessels; Containers; Vacuum locks
 H01J 29/87
·  ·  Arrangements for preventing or mitigating effects of implosion of vessels or containers  [2]
 H01J 29/88
·  ·  provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings (luminescent screens H01J 29/18)
 H01J 29/89
·  ·  Optical or photographic arrangements structurally combined with the vessel
P:150 H01J 31/00
Cathode-ray tubes; Electron-beam tubes (H01J 25/00, H01J 33/00, H01J 35/00, H01J 37/00 take precedence; details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes H01J 29/00; cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps H01J 63/00)
 H01J 31/08
·  having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked-up, converted, or stored
 H01J 31/10
·  ·  Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
 H01J 31/12
·  ·  ·  with luminescent screen
 H01J 31/14
·  ·  ·  ·  Magic-eye or analogous tuning indicators
 H01J 31/15
·  ·  ·  ·  with ray or beam selectively directed to luminescent anode segments  [3]
 H01J 31/16
·  ·  ·  ·  with mask carrying a number of selectively displayable signs, e.g. numeroscope
 H01J 31/18
·  ·  ·  ·  with image written by a ray or beam on a grid-like charge-accumulating screen, and with a ray or beam passing through, and influenced by, this screen before striking the luminescent screen, e.g. direct-view storage tube
P:90 H01J 33/00
Discharge tubes with provision for emergence of electrons or ions from the vessel (particle accelerators H05H); Lenard tubes
P:140 H01J 35/00
X-ray tubes (X-ray lasers H01S 4/00; X-ray technique in general H05G)
P:100 H01J 37/00
Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof (H01J 33/00, H01J 40/00, H01J 41/00, H01J 47/00, H01J 49/00 take precedence; investigating or analysing surface structures in atomic ranges using scanning-probe techniques G01N 13/10; contactless testing of electronic circuits using electron beams G01R 31/28; details of scanning-probe apparatus, in general G12B 21/00)  [2,5]
 H01J 37/02
·  Details
 H01J 37/04
·  ·  Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the discharge, e.g. electron-optical arrangement, ion-optical arrangement
 H01J 37/06
·  ·  ·  Electron sources; Electron guns
 H01J 37/08
·  ·  ·  Ion sources; Ion guns
 H01J 37/09
·  ·  ·  Diaphragms; Shields associated with electron- or ion-optical arrangements; Compensation of disturbing fields  [3]
 H01J 37/10
·  ·  ·  Lenses
 H01J 37/147
·  ·  ·  Arrangements for directing or deflecting the discharge along a desired path (lenses H01J 37/10)  [2]
 H01J 37/20
·  ·  Means for supporting or positioning the object or the material; Means for adjusting diaphragms or lenses associated with the support (preparing specimens for investigation G01N 1/28)
 H01J 37/22
·  ·  Optical or photographic arrangements associated with the tube
 H01J 37/244
·  ·  Detectors; Associated components or circuits therefor  [3]
 H01J 37/252
·  Tubes for spot-analysing by electron or ion beams; Microanalysers (investigating or analysing thereby G01N 23/22)  [3]
 H01J 37/26
·  Electron or ion microscopes; Electron- or ion-diffraction tubes  [2]
 H01J 37/28
·  ·  with scanning beams (microanalysers using scanning beams H01J 37/252)
 H01J 37/30
·  Electron-beam or ion-beam tubes for localised treatment of objects
 H01J 37/305
·  ·  for casting, melting, evaporating, or etching  [2]
 H01J 37/31
·  ·  for cutting or drilling  [2]
 H01J 37/315
·  ·  for welding  [2]
 H01J 37/317
·  ·  for changing properties of the objects or for applying thin layers thereon, e.g. ion implantation (H01J 37/32 takes precedence)  [3]
 H01J 37/32
·  Gas-filled discharge tubes (heating by discharge H05B)
P:80 H01J 40/00
Photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas (H01J 49/00 takes precedence; cathode-ray or image-pick-up tubes H01J 31/08; operating with secondary emission H01J 43/00)  [3]
P:30 H01J 41/00
Discharge tubes and means integral therewith for measuring gas pressure (vacuum gauge systems using such tubes G01L 21/00); Discharge tubes for evacuation by diffusion of ions
P:60 H01J 43/00
Secondary-emission tubes; Electron-multiplier tubes (dynamic electron-multiplier tubes H01J 25/00; secondary-emission detectors for measurement of nuclear or X-radiation G01T 1/00)
P:50 H01J 45/00
Discharge tubes functioning as thermionic generators
P:40 H01J 47/00
Tubes for determining the presence, intensity, density or energy of radiation or particles (photoelectric discharge tubes not involving the ionisation of a gas H01J 40/00)  [3]
P:70 H01J 49/00
Particle spectrometers or separator tubes (for measuring gas pressure H01J 41/00)  [3]
 H01J 49/00

Note(s)

In classifying particle separators, no distinction is made between spectrometry and spectrography, the difference being only in the manner of detection which in the first case is electrical and in the second case is by means of a photographic film.  [3]

 H01J 49/02
·  Details  [3]
 H01J 49/10
·  ·  Ion sources; Ion guns  [3]
 H01J 49/26
·  Mass spectrometers or separator tubes (isotope separation using these tubes B01D 59/00; mass spectrometers specially adapted for column chromatography G01N 30/00)  [3]
 H01J 49/34
·  ·  Dynamic spectrometers  [3]
 H01J 61/00 - 
H01J 65/00
Discharge lamps
P:10 H01J 61/00
Gas- or vapour-discharge lamps (use for sterilising milk products A23C; use for medical purposes A61N 5/00; use for disinfecting water C02F; use for lighting F21; circuits therefor H05B; arc lamps with consumable electrodes H05B; electroluminescent lamps H05B)
 H01J 61/02
·  Details
 H01J 61/04
·  ·  Electrodes (for igniting H01J 61/54); Screens; Shields
 H01J 61/06
·  ·  ·  Main electrodes
 H01J 61/067
·  ·  ·  ·  for low-pressure discharge lamps  [2]
 H01J 61/12
·  ·  Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
 H01J 61/24
·  ·  Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
 H01J 61/30
·  ·  Vessels; Containers
 H01J 61/32
·  ·  ·  Special longitudinal shape, e.g. for advertising purposes
 H01J 61/33
·  ·  ·  Special shape of cross-section, e.g. for producing cool spot
 H01J 61/34
·  ·  ·  Double-wall vessels or containers
 H01J 61/35
·  ·  ·  provided with coatings on the walls thereof; Selection of materials for the coatings (using coloured coatings H01J 61/38; using luminescent coatings H01J 61/38)
 H01J 61/36
·  ·  Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
 H01J 61/38
·  ·  Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light
 H01J 61/54
·  ·  Igniting arrangements, e.g. promoting ionisation for starting (circuit arrangements H05B)
 H01J 61/84
·  Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
P:20 H01J 63/00
Cathode-ray or electron-stream lamps (flying-spot tubes H01J 31/10; magic-eye tuning indicators H01J 31/14; lamps with incandescent body heated by the ray or stream H01K)
P:0 H01J 65/00
Lamps without any electrode inside the vessel; Lamps with at least one main electrode outside the vessel
 H01J 65/04
·  Lamps in which a gas filling is excited to luminesce by an external electromagnetic field or by external corpuscular radiation, e.g. for indicating
P:280 H01J 99/00
Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass  [8]