H
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY
 H

Note(s)

These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H.

  1. Section H covers:
    1. basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere);
    2. generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear;
    3. applied electricity, which covers:
      1. general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits;
      2. some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including:
        1. electric light sources, including lasers;
        2. electric X-ray technique;
        3. electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons;
    4. basic electronic circuits and their control;
    5. radio or electric communication technique;
    6. the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 88 to 90 of the Guide should be referred to.
  2. In this section, the following general rules apply:
    1. Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question;
    2. The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include:
      1. the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class A61;
      2. the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes B01 and B03 and in subclass B23K;
      3. the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B;
      4. the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass F23Q;
      5. the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself;
    3. All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a) above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself.
  3. In this section, the following special cases occur:
    1. Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses F24D or F24H or class F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in H05B which cover the same technical subjects;
    2. In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass H05B;
    3. In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class F21;
    4. As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

 H02
GENERATION, CONVERSION, OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
 H02J
CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY (power supply circuits for apparatus for measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation or cosmic radiation G01T 1/00; electric power supply circuits specially adapted for use in electronic time-pieces with no moving parts G04G 19/00; for digital computers G06F 1/18; for discharge tubes H01J 37/02; circuits or apparatus for the conversion of electric power, arrangements for control or regulation of such circuits or apparatus H02M; interrelated control of several motors, control of a prime-mover/generator combination H02P; control of high-frequency power H03L; additional use of power line or power network for transmission of information H04B)
 H02J

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:
    • ac or dc mains or distribution networks;
    • circuit arrangements for battery supplies, including charging or control thereof, or co-ordinated supply from two or more sources of any kind;
    • systems for supplying or distributing electric power by electromagnetic waves.
  2. This subclass does not cover:
 H02J
Subclass index
CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
For distribution networks:
direct current; alternative current 1/00; 3/00
combined; not specified 5/00; 4/00
For batteries 7/00
For emergency or stand-by power supply 9/00
For power supply to auxiliaries of stations 11/00
For providing remote indication of network conditions 13/00
SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRICAL ENERGY 15/00
SYSTEMS FOR POWER DISTRIBUTION BY ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES 17/00
P:30 H02J 1/00
Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
 H02J 1/02
·  Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples (in converters H02M 1/14)
 H02J 1/04
·  Constant-current supply systems
 H02J 1/06
·  Two-wire systems
 H02J 1/08
·  Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
 H02J 1/10
·  Parallel operation of dc sources (involving batteries H02J 7/34)
 H02J 1/14
·  Balancing the load in a network (by batteries H02J 7/34)
P:20 H02J 3/00
Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
 H02J 3/01
·  Arrangements for reducing harmonics or ripples (in converters H02M 1/12)  [3]
 H02J 3/02
·  using a single network for simultaneous distribution of power at different frequencies; using a single network for simultaneous distribution of ac power and of dc power
 H02J 3/04
·  for connecting networks of the same frequency but supplied from different sources
 H02J 3/10
·  Constant-current supply systems
 H02J 3/12
·  for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
 H02J 3/18
·  Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating, or compensating reactive power in networks (for adjustment of voltage H02J 3/12; use of Petersen coils H02H 9/00)
 H02J 3/24
·  Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks (by control effected upon a single generator H02P 9/00)
 H02J 3/26
·  Arrangements for eliminating or reducing asymmetry in polyphase networks
 H02J 3/28
·  Arrangements for balancing the load in a network by storage of energy
 H02J 3/34
·  Arrangements for transfer of electric power between networks of substantially different frequency (frequency converters H02M)
 H02J 3/36
·  Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
 H02J 3/38
·  Arrangements for parallelly feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters, or transformers
 H02J 3/40
·  ·  Synchronising a generator for connection to a network or to another generator
 H02J 3/46
·  ·  Controlling the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
P:50 H02J 4/00
Circuit arrangements for mains or distribution networks not specified as ac or dc  [2]
P:40 H02J 5/00
Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks (H02J 3/36 takes precedence)
P:60 H02J 7/00
Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
 H02J 7/02
·  for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
 H02J 7/04
·  ·  Regulation of the charging current or voltage
 H02J 7/06
·  ·  ·  using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
 H02J 7/10
·  ·  ·  ·  using semiconductor devices only
 H02J 7/12
·  ·  ·  using magnetic devices having controllable degree of saturation, i.e. transductors
 H02J 7/14
·  for charging batteries from dynamo-electric generators driven at varying speed, e.g. on vehicle
 H02J 7/16
·  ·  Regulation of the charging current or voltage by variation of field
 H02J 7/32
·  for charging batteries from a charging set comprising a non-electric prime mover
 H02J 7/34
·  Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering (H02J 7/14 takes precedence)  [4]
 H02J 7/35
·  ·  with light sensitive cells  [4]
 H02J 7/36
·  Arrangements using end-cell switching
P:70 H02J 9/00
Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting (with provision for charging standby battery H02J 7/00)
 H02J 9/04
·  in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
 H02J 9/06
·  ·  with automatic change-over
 H02J 9/08
·  ·  ·  requiring starting of a prime-mover
P:80 H02J 11/00
Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed, or converted (emergency or standby arrangements H02J 9/00)
P:0 H02J 13/00
Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
P:90 H02J 15/00
Systems for storing electric energy (mechanical systems therefor F01-F04; in chemical form H01M)  [2]
P:10 H02J 17/00
Systems for supplying or distributing electric power by electromagnetic waves  [3]