|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

|  | F01 - F04 |
Subsection index
MACHINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F04C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F04B
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
ENGINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F03C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F03C
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
PUMPS |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston | F04C
reciprocating piston or other | F04B
non-positive displacement | F04D

ENGINEERING IN GENERAL

|  | F16 |
ENGINEERING ELEMENTS OR UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL

|  | F16F |
SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION

|  | F16F |
2. Note(s) This subclass covers: springs, shock-absorbers or vibration-dampers; their arrangement in, or adaptation for, particular apparatus, if not provided for in the subclasses covering said apparatus. [5] This subclass does not cover the arrangement or adaptation of springs, shock-absorbers or vibration-dampers in, or for, particular apparatus, if provided for in the subclasses concerning the said apparatus, e.g.
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47C 23/00-A47C 27/00 | Spring mattresses |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A63C 5/06 | Vibration dampers in skis |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60G | Vehicle suspensions |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60R 19/24 | Mounting of bumpers on vehicles |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61F | Rail vehicle suspensions |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61G 11/00 | Buffers for railway or tramway vehicles |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B62D 21/15 | Vehicle chassis frames having impact absorbing means |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B62J 1/00 | Resiliently mounted saddles on cycles |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B62K 21/00 | Steering dampers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B63H 1/00 | Marine propellers having vibration-damping means |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B63H 21/00 | Anti-vibration mounting of marine propulsion plant in ships |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B64C 25/00 | Arrangement of shock-absorbers or springs in aeroplane alighting gear |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 81/02 | Containers, packing elements or packages with shock-absorbing means |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D06F 37/20 | Resilient mountings in washing machines |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...D06F 49/00 | Resilient mountings in domestic spin-dryers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03G 1/00 | Spring motors |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F21V 15/00 | Resilient mounting of lighting devices |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F41A 25/00 | Gun cradles to permit recoil |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F41B 5/00 | Vibration dampers for archery bows |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01D 11/00 | Indicating or recording in connection with measuring |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01G 21/00 | Weighing apparatus, e.g. arrangement of shock-absorbers in weighing apparatus |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G04B | Clocks, watches |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G12B 3/00 | Damping of movements in instruments |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C 7/08 | Disposition of shock-absorbing devices for displacable control elements in nuclear reactors. |

|  | F16F |
Subclass index
SPRINGS |
Friction type; fluid type; magnetic type | 1/00, 3/00; 5/00, 9/00; 6/00
VIBRATION-DAMPERS OR SHOCK-ABSORBERS |
Friction type; fluid type | 7/00, 11/00; 9/00, 11/00
UNITS COMBINING SPRINGS AND VIBRATION-DAMPERS OR SHOCK-ABSORBERS | 13/00
SUPPRESSION OF VIBRATION, BALANCING | 15/00

P:80 |  | F16F 1/00 |
Springs (working with fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/00)

|  | F16F 1/02 |
· | made of steel or other material having low internal friction (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 1/36 takes precedence); Wound, torsion, leaf, cup, ring or the like springs, the material of the spring not being relevant [6]

|  | F16F 1/04 |
· · | Wound springs

|  | F16F 1/36 |
· | made of plastics, e.g. rubber; made of material having high internal friction

|  | F16F 1/38 |
· · | with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin

|  | F16F 1/42 |
· · | characterised by the mode of stressing

|  | F16F 1/44 |
· · · | loaded mainly in compression

P:30 |  | F16F 3/00 |
Spring units consisting of several springs, e.g. for obtaining a desired spring characteristic (consisting of a stack of similar plastics, e.g. rubber, elements separated by non-elastic intermediate layers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 1/36; including fluid springs Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 13/00)

P:10 |  | F16F 5/00 |
Liquid springs in which the liquid works as a spring by compression, e.g. combined with throttling action; Combinations of devices including liquid springs

P:50 |  | F16F 6/00 |
Magnetic springs; Fluid magnetic springs

P:70 |  | F16F 7/00 |
Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers (using fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/00; specific for rotary systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/10)

|  | F16F 7/10 |
· | using inertia effect

|  | F16F 7/12 |
· | using plastic deformation of members

P:60 |  | F16F 9/00 |
Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00 takes precedence; connection of valves to inflatable elastic bodies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60C 29/00; door-operating appliances with fluid braking systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E05F)

|  | F16F 9/02 |
· | using gas only

|  | F16F 9/10 |
· | using liquid only; using a fluid of which the nature is immaterial

|  | F16F 9/14 |
· · | Devices with one or more members, e.g. pistons, vanes, moving to and fro in chambers and using throttling effect

|  | F16F 9/32 |
· | Details

|  | F16F 9/34 |
· · | Special valve constructions (valves in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K); Shape or construction of throttling passages

|  | F16F 9/36 |
· · | Special sealings, including sealings or guides for piston-rods

|  | F16F 9/43 |
· · | Filling arrangements, e.g. for supply of gas

|  | F16F 9/44 |
· · | Means on or in the damper for manual or non-automatic adjustment; such means combined with temperature correction (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/53, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/56 take precedence; temperature correction only Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/50) [5,6]

|  | F16F 9/48 |
· · | Arrangements for providing different damping effects at different parts of the stroke (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/53, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/56 take precedence) [5,6]

|  | F16F 9/50 |
· · | Special means providing automatic damping adjustment (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/53, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/56 take precedence; automatic temperature damping adjustment combined with external adjustment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/44) [5,6]

|  | F16F 9/53 |
· · | Means for adjusting damping characteristics by varying fluid viscosity, e.g. electromagnetically [5]

|  | F16F 9/54 |
· · | Arrangements for attachment

|  | F16F 9/56 |
· · | Means for adjusting the length of, or for locking, the spring or damper, e.g. at the end of the stroke [6]

|  | F16F 9/58 |
· · | Stroke limiting stops, e.g. arranged on the piston rod outside the cylinder (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/48 takes precedence) [6]

P:40 |  | F16F 11/00 |
Vibration-dampers or shock-absorbers working with both friction and a damping fluid

P:20 |  | F16F 13/00 |
Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 5/00 takes precedence)

|  | F16F 13/02 |
· | damping by frictional contact between the spring and braking means (frictionally coacting wound springs Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 3/00)

|  | F16F 13/04 |
· | comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper [6]

P:0 |  | F16F 15/00 |
Suppression of vibrations in systems (vehicle seat suspension devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60N 2/50); Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion (testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01M 1/00)

|  | F16F 15/02 |
· | Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating, systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating system (layered products Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B32B; suppression of vibration in ships Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B63)

|  | F16F 15/023 |
· · | using fluid means [6]

|  | F16F 15/03 |
· · | using electromagnetic means (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 9/53 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16F 15/04 |
· · | using elastic means (single elements or their attachment Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 1/00-F16F 13/00) [2]

|  | F16F 15/06 |
· · · | with metal springs (with rubber springs also Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/08)

|  | F16F 15/08 |
· · · | with rubber springs

|  | F16F 15/10 |
· | Suppression of vibrations in rotating systems by making use of members moving with the system (by balancing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/22; with flywheels acting variably or intermittently Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16H)

|  | F16F 15/12 |
· · | using elastic members or friction-damping members, e.g. between a rotating shaft and a gyratory mass mounted thereon (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/16 takes precedence) [6]

|  | F16F 15/121 |
· · · | using springs as elastic members, e.g. metallic springs (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/131 takes precedence) [6]

|  | F16F 15/131 |
· · · | the rotating system comprising two or more gyratory masses [6]

|  | F16F 15/16 |
· · | using a fluid (devices connecting input and output members Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16D)

|  | F16F 15/22 |
· | Compensation of inertia forces

|  | F16F 15/30 |
· | Flywheels (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/16 takes precedence; suppression of vibrations in rotating systems using elastic members or friction-damping members moving with the system Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16F 15/12; rotary-body aspects in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16C 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16C 15/00) [6]