|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

|  | F01 - F04 |
Subsection index
MACHINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F04C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F04B
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
ENGINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F03C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F03C
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
PUMPS |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston | F04C
reciprocating piston or other | F04B
non-positive displacement | F04D

LIGHTING; HEATING

|  | F24 |
HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING (protecting plants by heating in gardens, orchards, or forests Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01G 13/06; baking ovens and apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A21B; cooking devices other than ranges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47J; forging Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21J, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B21K; specially adapted for vehicles, see the relevant subclasses of classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60-B64; combustion apparatus in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23; drying Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F26B; ovens in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27; electric heating elements or arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | F24 |
Note(s) In this class, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: "stove" includes apparatus which may have an open fire, e.g. fireplace; "range" means an apparatus for cooking having elements that perform different cooking operations or cooking and heating operations.

|  | F24B |
DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES [6]

|  | F24C |
OTHER DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION (radiator stoves of the fluid-circulating type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H)

|  | F24C |
Subclass index
STOVES OR RANGES, NOT RESTRICTED TO SOLID FUEL |
General characteristics | 1/00
With single kind of fuel or energy supply | 3/00 - 9/00
With more than one, or unspecified kind of fuel or energy supply | 1/00
With additional means for heating water | 13/00
With self-cleaning provisions | 14/00
Combinations of stoves or ranges | 11/00
DETAILS OF STOVES OR RANGES IN GENERAL | 15/00

|  | F24D |
DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR (preventing corrosion Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C23F; water supply in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03; using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plants for heating purposes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01K 17/00; steam traps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16T; domestic stoves or ranges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C; water or air heaters having heat generating means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H; combined heating and refrigeration systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F25B; heat exchange apparatus or elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28; removing furring Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28G)

|  | F24D |
Note(s) In this subclass, the following expression is used with the meaning indicated: "central heating system" means a system in which heat is generated or stored at central sources and is distributed by means of a transfer fluid to the spaces or areas to be heated. [5]

|  | F24D |
Subclass index
CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS |
With heat-transfer fluid: steam; hot water; hot air or exhaust gas; other fluid | 1/00; 3/00; 5/00; 7/00
Combinations | 9/00
District heating systems | 10/00
By heat storage | 11/00
Other systems | 12/00
OTHER DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS |
Electric; Other | 13/00; 15/00
DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY | 17/00
DETAILS | 19/00

|  | F24F |
AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING (devices for ventilating greenhouses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01G; animal husbandry Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01K, e.g. controlling humidity in incubators Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A01K 41/00; disinfecting or sterilising of air Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61L; devices for reconditioning breathing air in sealed rooms or for ventilating gasproof shelters Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A62B; filtering, washing or drying of gases Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01D; mixing gases with vapours or liquids in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B01F 3/00; spraying Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05D; removing dirt or fumes from areas where they are produced Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 15/00; ventilation, air-conditioning, or cooling, specially adapted for vehicles, see the relevant vehicle places, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60H, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61D 27/00; production of ozone Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C01B 13/10; chimneys or flues Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04F 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04H 12/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23J 11/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23L 17/00; air ducts or conduits Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04F 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L; ventilation in doors or windows Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E06B 7/02; fans, blowers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04; noise-absorbing in pipes or pipe systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L; tops for chimneys or ventilating shafts Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23L; cooling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F25; details of heat-exchange or heat-transfer apparatus, of general application Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F; apparatus for generating ions to be introduced into non-enclosed gases, e.g. the atmosphere, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H01T 23/00)

|  | F24F |
Note(s) In this subclass: air-humidification as auxiliary treatment in air-conditioning, i.e. in units wherein the air is also either cooled or heated, is covered by groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24F 1/00 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24F 3/12; [3] air-humidification per se, e.g. "room humidifiers", is covered by group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24F 6/00. [3] In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "air-conditioning" means the supply of air to rooms or spaces by means which provide for the treatment of the air in at least two of the following ways: heating — cooling — any other kind of treatment, e.g. humidification; "ventilation" means the supply of air to, or its extraction from, rooms or spaces, and systems for circulating air within rooms or spaces, but does not cover the mere treatment of air being supplied to, extracted from, or circulated within, rooms or spaces. Processes using enzymes or micro-organisms in order to: liberate, separate or purify a pre-existing compound or composition, or to treat textiles or clean solid surfaces of materials are further classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C12S. [5]

|  | F24F |
Subclass index
AIR-CONDITIONING |
Room units; central systems; other systems or apparatus | 1/00; 3/00; 5/00
AIR-HUMIDIFICATION | 6/00
VENTILATION | 7/00
SCREENING BY AIR CURRENTS | 9/00
COMMON DETAILS |
Control, safety | 11/00
Use of energy recovery systems | 12/00
Other details | 13/00

|  | F24H |
FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, IN GENERAL (heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 5/00; tube furnaces for thermal non-catalytic cracking Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C10G 9/00; devices, e.g. valves, for venting and aerating enclosures Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 24/00; steam traps or like apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16T; steam generation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F22; combustion apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23; domestic stoves or ranges Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C; domestic- or space-heating systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24D; furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F27; heat-exchangers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28; electric heating elements or arrangements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H05B)

|  | F24H |
Note(s) The distinguishing feature of the air heaters covered by this subclass is that the heat is predominantly released to the air by convection, mostly by forced circulation of the air. The domestic stoves or ranges covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24C may also be fired or electric air heaters but they release their heat to a considerable extent by radiation and only to some extent by natural convention. [3] In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "water" includes other liquids and means always the liquid to be heated; [3] "air" includes other gases or gas mixtures and means always the gas to be heated; [3] "furnace tubes" means tubes inside the heater wherein combustion is performed; [3] "fire tubes" means tubes inside the heater through which flue-gases flow from a combustion chamber located outside the tubes; [3] "heater" means apparatus including both heat generating means and means for transferring the generated heat to water or air. [3] All storage heaters are classified in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 7/00. [3]

|  | F24H |
Subclass index
WATER HEATERS | 1/00
AIR HEATERS; STORAGE HEATERS | 3/00; 7/00
FLUID HEATERS USING HEAT PUMPS | 4/00
COMBINATIONS OF WATER AND AIR HEATERS | 6/00
FLUID HEATERS FOR EXTRACTING LATENT HEAT FROM FLUE GASES | 8/00
DETAILS | 9/00

|  | F24J |
PRODUCTION OR USE OF HEAT NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (materials therefor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C09K 5/00; engines or other mechanisms for producing mechanical power from heat, see the relevant classes, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03G for using natural heat)

|  | F24J |
Note(s) Processes using enzymes or micro-organisms in order to: liberate, separate or purify a pre-existing compound or composition, or to treat textiles or clean solid surfaces of materials are further classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...C12S. [5]