|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

ENGINES OR PUMPS

|  | F01 - F04 |
Note(s) Guide to the use of this subsection (classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01-F04) The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme. In this subsection, subclasses or groups designating "engines" or "pumps" cover methods of operating the same, unless otherwise specifically provided for. In this subsection, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated: "engine" means a device for continuously converting fluid energy into mechanical power. Thus, this term includes, for example, steam piston engines or steam turbines, per se, or internal-combustion piston engines, but it excludes single-stroke devices. "Engine" also includes the fluid-motive portion of a meter unless such portion is particularly adapted for use in a meter; "pump" means a device for continuously raising, forcing, compressing, or exhausting fluid by mechanical or other means. Thus, this term includes fans or blowers; "machine" means a device which could equally be an engine and a pump, and not a device which is restricted to an engine or one which is restricted to a pump; "positive displacement" means the way the energy of a working fluid is transformed into mechanical energy, in which variations of volume created by the working fluid in a working chamber produce equivalent displacements of the mechanical member transmitting the energy, the dynamic effect of the fluid being of minor importance, and vice versa; "non-positive displacement" means the way the energy of a working fluid is transformed into mechanical energy, by transformation of the energy of the working fluid into kinetic energy, and vice versa; "oscillating-piston machine" means a positive-displacement machine in which a fluid-engaging work-transmitting member oscillates. This definition applies also to engines and pumps; "rotary-piston machine" means a positive-displacement machine in which a fluid-engaging work-transmitting member rotates about a fixed axis or about an axis moving along a circular or similar orbit. This definition applies also to engines and pumps; "rotary piston" means the work-transmitting member of a rotary-piston machine and may be of any suitable form, e.g., like a toothed gear; "cooperating members" means the "oscillating piston" or "rotary piston" and another member, e.g., the working-chamber wall, which assists in the driving or pumping action; "movement of the co-operating members" is to be interpreted as relative, so that one of the "co-operating members" may be stationary, even though reference may be made to its rotational axis, or both may move; "teeth or tooth equivalents" include lobes, projections or abutments; "internal-axis type" means that the rotational axes of the inner and outer co-operating members remain at all times within the outer member, e.g., in a similar manner to that of a pinion meshing with the internal teeth of a ring gear; "free piston" means a piston of which the length of stroke is not defined by any member driven thereby; "cylinders" means positive-displacement working chambers in general. Thus, this term is not restricted to cylinders of circular cross-section; "main shaft" means the shaft which converts reciprocating piston motion into rotary motion or vice versa; "plant" means an engine together with such additional apparatus as is necessary to run the engine. For example, a steam engine plant includes a steam engine and means for generating the steam; "working fluid" means the driven fluid in a pump and the driving fluid in an engine. The working fluid may be in a gaseous state, i.e., compressible, or liquid. In the former case coexistence of two states is possible; "steam" includes condensable vapours in general, and "special vapour" is used when steam is excluded; "reaction type" as applied to non-positive-displacement machines or engines means machines or engines in which pressure/velocity transformation takes place wholly or partly in the rotor. Machines or engines with no, or only slight, pressure/velocity transformation in the rotor are called "impulse type". In this subsection: cyclically operating valves, lubricating, gas-flow silencers or exhaust apparatus, or cooling are classified in subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01L, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01M, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01P irrespective of their stated application, unless their classifying features are peculiar to their application, in which case they are classified only in the relevant subclass of classes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01-F04; lubricating, gas-flow silencers or exhaust apparatus, or cooling of machines or engines are classified in subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01M, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01P except for those peculiar to steam engines which are classified in subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B. For use of this subsection with a good understanding, it is essential to remember, so far as subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B, and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04D, which form its skeleton, are concerned: the principle which resides in their elaboration, the classifying characteristics which they call for, and their complementarity. Principle This concerns essentially the subclasses listed above. Other subclasses, notably those of class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02, which cover better-defined matter, are not considered here. Each subclass covers fundamentally a genus of apparatus (engine or pump) and by extension covers equally "machines" of the same kind. Two different subjects, one having a more general character than the other, are thus covered by the same subclass. Subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B, beyond the two subjects which they cover, have further a character of generality in relation to other subclasses concerning the different species of apparatus in the genus concerned. This generality applies as well for the two subjects dealt with, without these always being in relation to the same subclasses. Thus, subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B, in its part dealing with "machines", should be considered as being the general class relating to subclasses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C, and in its part dealing with "engines" as being general in relation to subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03C. Characteristics The principal classifying characteristic of the subclass is that of genera of apparatus, of which there are three possible: Machines; engines; pumps. As stated above, "machines" are always associated with one of the other two genera. These main genera are subdivided according to the general principles of operation of the apparatus: Positive displacement; non-positive displacement. The positive displacement apparatus are further subdivided according to the ways of putting into effect the principle of operation, that is, to the kind of apparatus: Simple reciprocating piston; rotary or oscillating piston; other kind. Another classifying characteristic is that of the working fluid, in respect of which three kinds of apparatus are possible, namely: Liquid and elastic fluid; elastic fluid; liquid. Complementarity This resides in association of pairs of the subclasses listed above, according to the characteristics under consideration in respect of kind of apparatus or working fluid. The subclasses concerned with the various principles, characteristics and complementarity are shown in the subsection index below. It is seen from this index that: For the same kind of apparatus in a given genus, the characteristics of "working fluid" associates: Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04B to Machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C to Machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B to Machines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03C to Engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03C to Engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01D and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F03B to Engines For the same kind of working fluid, the "apparatus" characteristic relates subclasses in the same way as considerations of relative generality.

|  | F01 - F04 |
Subsection index
MACHINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F04C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F04B
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
ENGINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F03C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F03C
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
PUMPS |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston | F04C
reciprocating piston or other | F04B
non-positive displacement | F04D

|  | F02 |
COMBUSTION ENGINES (cyclically operating valves therefor, lubricating, exhausting, or silencing engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01); HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS

|  | F02B |
INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL (internal-combustion turbines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C; plants in which engines use combustion products Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02C, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02G)

|  | F02B |
Note(s) In this subclass, the following terms or expression are used with the meanings indicated: "positive ignition" means ignition by a source external to the working fluid, e.g. by spark or incandescent source; "charging" means forcing air or fuel-air mixture into engine cylinders, and thus includes supercharging; "scavenging" means forcing the combustion residues from the cylinders other than by movement of the working pistons, and thus includes tuned exhaust systems. Attention is drawn to the Notes preceding class Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01, especially as regards Note (1). Engines with specified cycles or number of cylinders are classified in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 75/02 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 75/00, unless other classifying features predominate.

|  | F02B |
Subclass index
ENGINES USING FLUID FUEL |
Characterised by fluid to be compressed or by ignition | 1/00 - 11/00
Characterised by the combustion, inlet or charging, or evacuation |
combustion |
chambers for: precombustion; air storage; combustion | 19/00; 21/00; 23/00
charge: stratification; rotation | 17/00; 31/00
introduction of fuel | 13/00, 15/00, 49/00
inlet or charging, or scavenging |
general characteristics; details | 25/00 - 29/00; 29/00
pumps; details | 33/00 - 37/00; 39/00
Special means for improving efficiency | 41/00
ENGINES USING NON-LIQUID FUEL, THEIR COMBINATIONS WITH FUEL-GENERATING APPARATUS | 43/00, 45/00
OPERATION CHARACTERISED BY TREATMENT OR PRETREATMENT OF FUEL, AIR, OR MIXTURE | 7/00, 47/00, 49/00, 51/00
SPECIAL FORMS OR APPLICATIONS |
Kinds of engine |
kinds of piston: rotary, oscillating; reciprocating in rotary engines or movable cylinders; free-piston or without rotating main shaft | 53/00, 55/00; 57/00, 59/00; 71/00
convertible or with interchangeable parts | 69/00
with special auxiliary apparatus | 67/00
other kinds; component parts, details, or accessories | 75/00; 77/00
Combinations, not otherwise provided for, of two or more engines | 73/00
Engines for particular use, combinations with other devices | 61/00 - 67/00
RUNNING-IN | 79/00

|  | F02B 1/00 - F02B 11/00 |
Engines characterised by the working fluid to be compressed or characterised by the type of ignition

P:170 |  | F02B 1/00 |
Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression (with fuel-air charge ignited by compression ignition of an additional fuel Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 7/00; with non-timed positive ignition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 9/00; characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 11/00; characterised by precombustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 19/00; characterised by air-storage chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 21/00; characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 23/00)

P:180 |  | F02B 3/00 |
Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition (characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 11/00; characterised by precombustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 19/00; characterised by air-storage chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 21/00; characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 23/00)

P:190 |  | F02B 5/00 |
Engines characterised by positive ignition (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 1/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 3/00 take precedence; with non-timed positive ignition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 9/00; characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 11/00; characterised by precombustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 19/00; characterised by air-storage chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 21/00; characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 23/00)

P:160 |  | F02B 7/00 |
Engines characterised by the fuel-air charge being ignited by compression ignition of an additional fuel (characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 11/00; characterised by precombustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 19/00; characterised by air-storage chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 21/00; characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 23/00)

P:200 |  | F02B 9/00 |
Engines characterised by other types of ignition (characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 11/00; characterised by precombustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 19/00; characterised by air-storage chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 21/00; characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 23/00)

P:150 |  | F02B 11/00 |
Engines characterised by both fuel-air mixture compression and air compression, or characterised by both positive ignition and compression ignition, e.g. in different cylinders (characterised by precombustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 19/00; characterised by air-storage chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 21/00; characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 23/00)

|  | F02B 13/00 - F02B 15/00 |
Engines characterised by the method of introducing liquid fuel into cylinders

P:290 |  | F02B 13/00 |
Engines characterised by the introduction of liquid fuel into cylinders by use of auxiliary fluid

P:310 |  | F02B 15/00 |
Engines characterised by the method of introducing liquid fuel into cylinders and not otherwise provided for

P:300 |  | F02B 17/00 |
Engines characterised by means for effecting stratification of charge in cylinders

|  | F02B 19/00 - F02B 23/00 |
Engines characterised by precombustion chambers or air-storage chambers, or characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation

P:120 |  | F02B 19/00 |
Engines characterised by precombustion chambers (engines with incandescent chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 9/00)

|  | F02B 19/08 |
· | the chamber being of air-swirl type

P:130 |  | F02B 21/00 |
Engines characterised by air-storage chambers

P:140 |  | F02B 23/00 |
Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation (engines with incandescent chambers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 9/00)

|  | F02B 23/02 |
· | with compression ignition

|  | F02B 23/08 |
· | with positive ignition

|  | F02B 23/10 |
· · | with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder

|  | F02B 25/00 - F02B 29/00 |
Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging

P:270 |  | F02B 25/00 |
Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders (aspects characterised by provision of driven charging or scavenging pumps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 33/00-F02B 39/00)

P:250 |  | F02B 27/00 |
Use of kinetic or wave energy of charge in induction systems, or of combustion residues in exhaust systems, for improving quantity of charge or for increasing removal of combustion residues (aspects characterised by provision of driven charging or scavenging pumps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 33/00-F02B 39/00, e.g. use of driven apparatus for immediate conversion of combustion gas pressure into pressure of fresh charge Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 33/00)

|  | F02B 27/02 |
· | the systems having variable, i.e. adjustable, cross-sectional areas, chambers of variable volume, or like variable means (in exhaust systems only Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 27/00)

P:280 |  | F02B 29/00 |
Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 25/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 27/00 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 33/00-F02B 39/00; Details thereof

P:260 |  | F02B 31/00 |
Modifying induction systems for imparting a rotation to the charge in the cylinder (structural features of induction systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02M)

|  | F02B 33/00 - F02B 39/00 |
Engines characterised by provision of driven charging or scavenging pumps

P:230 |  | F02B 33/00 |
Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging (characterised by the introduction of liquid fuel into cylinders by use of auxiliary fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 13/00; characterised by after-charging Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 29/00; characterised by provision of pumps for sucking combustion residues from cylinders Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 35/00; characterised by provision of exhaust-driven pumps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 37/00)

|  | F02B 33/02 |
· | Engines with reciprocating-piston pumps; Engines with crankcase pumps

|  | F02B 33/44 |
· | Passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet, e.g. reservoirs (cooling of charge after leaving pump Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 29/00)

P:220 |  | F02B 35/00 |
Engines characterised by provision of pumps for sucking combustion residues from cylinders

P:210 |  | F02B 37/00 |
Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust (characterised by the introduction of liquid fuel into cylinders by use of auxiliary fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 13/00; characterised by after-charging Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 29/00; characterised by passages conducting the charge from the pump to the engine inlet Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 33/44)

|  | F02B 37/007 |
· | with exhaust-driven pumps arranged in parallel [6]

|  | F02B 37/013 |
· | with exhaust-driven pumps arranged in series [6]

|  | F02B 37/02 |
· | Gas passages between engine outlet and pump drive, e.g. reservoirs

|  | F02B 37/04 |
· | Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump

|  | F02B 37/12 |
· | Control of the pumps [3]

|  | F02B 37/18 |
· · | by bypassing exhaust [6]

P:240 |  | F02B 39/00 |
Component parts, details, or accessories relating to driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 33/00-F02B 37/00

|  | F02B 39/02 |
· | Drives of pumps (exhaust drives or combined exhaust and other drives Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 37/00); Varying pump drive gear ratio (control acting both on engine and on pump drive gear ratio Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02D)

P:80 |  | F02B 41/00 |
Engines characterised by special means for improving conversion of heat or pressure energy into mechanical power (use of exhaust turbines for charging Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 37/00)

|  | F02B 43/00 - F02B 45/00 |
Engines operating on non-liquid fuels; Plants including such engines, i.e. combinations of the engine with fuel-generating apparatus

P:50 |  | F02B 43/00 |
Engines characterised by operating on gaseous fuels; Plants including such engines (engines characterised by the gas-air charge being ignited by compression ignition of an additional fuel Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 7/00; engines convertible from gas to other fuel consumption Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 69/00)

P:60 |  | F02B 45/00 |
Engines characterised by operating on non-liquid fuels other than gas; Plants including such engines (plants involving generation of gaseous fuel from solid fuel Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 43/00; engines convertible from gas to other fuel consumption Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 69/00)

|  | F02B 47/00 - F02B 51/00 |
Methods of operating engines involving specific pre-treating of, or adding specific substances to, combustion air, fuel or fuel-air mixture of the engines, and not otherwise provided for

P:10 |  | F02B 47/00 |
Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines

P:20 |  | F02B 49/00 |
Methods of operating air-compressing compression-ignition engines involving introduction of small quantities of fuel in the form of a fine mist into the air in the engine's intake

P:30 |  | F02B 51/00 |
Other methods of operating engines involving pre-treating of, or adding substances to, combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture of the engines

|  | F02B 53/00 - F02B 55/00 |
Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines

P:320 |  | F02B 53/00 |
Internal-combustion aspects of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines (internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons or outer members for co-operation therewith Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 55/00)

P:380 |  | F02B 55/00 |
Internal-combustion aspects of rotary pistons; Outer members for co-operation with rotary pistons

|  | F02B 57/00 - F02B 59/00 |
Internal-combustion aspects of reciprocating-piston engines with movable cylinders

P:340 |  | F02B 57/00 |
Internal-combustion aspects of rotary engines in which the combusted gases displace one or more reciprocating pistons

P:330 |  | F02B 59/00 |
Internal-combustion aspects of other reciprocating-piston engines with movable, e.g. oscillating, cylinders (with yieldable walls Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 75/00)

|  | F02B 61/00 - F02B 65/00 |
Adaptations of engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices other than engine parts or auxiliaries

P:90 |  | F02B 61/00 |
Adaptations of engines for driving vehicles or for driving propellers; Combinations of engines with gearing (the engine torque being divided by a differential gear for driving a scavenging or charging pump and the engine output shaft Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 39/02; adaptations or combinations of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 53/00; arrangements in vehicles, see the relevant classes for vehicles)

P:100 |  | F02B 63/00 |
Adaptations of engines for driving pumps, hand-held tools or electric generators; Portable combinations of engines with engine-driven devices (of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 53/00)

P:110 |  | F02B 65/00 |
Adaptations of engines for special uses not provided for in groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 61/00 or Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 63/00; Combinations of engines with other devices, e.g. with non-driven apparatus (of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 53/00; combinations of prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines for mutual or common propulsion Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60K 6/00)

|  | F02B 67/00 - F02B 79/00 |
Engines with pertinent characteristics other than those provided for in, or of interest apart from, preceding main groups

P:360 |  | F02B 67/00 |
Engines characterised by the arrangement of auxiliary apparatus not being otherwise provided for, e.g. the apparatus having different functions; Driving auxiliary apparatus from engines, not otherwise provided for

|  | F02B 67/04 |
· | of mechanically-driven auxiliary apparatus

|  | F02B 67/06 |
· · | driven by means of chains, belts, or like endless members

P:40 |  | F02B 69/00 |
Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types

P:70 |  | F02B 71/00 |
Free-piston engines; Engines without rotary main shaft

P:350 |  | F02B 73/00 |
Combinations of two or more engines, not otherwise provided for

P:370 |  | F02B 75/00 |
Other engines, e.g. single-cylinder engines

|  | F02B 75/02 |
· | Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke

|  | F02B 75/32 |
· | Engines characterised by connections between pistons and main shafts and not specific to preceding main groups

P:390 |  | F02B 77/00 |
Component parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for

|  | F02B 77/02 |
· | Surface coverings of combustion-gas-swept parts (of pistons or cylinders only Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02F)

|  | F02B 77/04 |
· | Cleaning of, preventing corrosion or erosion in, or preventing unwanted deposits in, combustion engines

|  | F02B 77/08 |
· | Safety, indicating, or supervising devices (thermal insulation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F02B 77/11; monitoring or diagnostic devices for exhaust-gas treatment apparatus Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N 11/00)

|  | F02B 77/10 |
· · | Safety means relating to crankcase explosions

|  | F02B 77/11 |
· | Thermal or acoustic insulation [3]

|  | F02B 77/14 |
· | Engine-driven auxiliary devices combined into units

P:0 |  | F02B 79/00 |
Running-in of internal-combustion engines (lubrication thereof Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01M)