|  | F |
SECTION F — MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING

|  | F01 - F04 |
Subsection index
MACHINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F04C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F04B
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
ENGINES |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01C
liquid only | F03C
reciprocating piston or other |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01B
liquid only | F03C
non-positive displacement |
liquid and elastic fluid or elastic fluid | F01D
liquid only | F03B
PUMPS |
positive displacement |
rotary or oscillating piston | F04C
reciprocating piston or other | F04B
non-positive displacement | F04D

ENGINEERING IN GENERAL

|  | F16 |
ENGINEERING ELEMENTS OR UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL

|  | F16L |
PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL

|  | F16L |
2. Note(s) In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated: "pipe" means a conduit of closed cross-section, which is specially adapted to convey fluids, materials or objects; "hose" means a pipe, as defined above, which has flexibility as an essential characteristic. [5] Attention is drawn to the following places:
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A61M 39/00 | Tube connectors, tube couplings or branch units, specially adapted for medical use |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05B 1/14 | Perforated pipes |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B63B 35/00 | Pipe-laying vessels |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B64D 39/00 | Adaptation of hose constructions for refuelling aircraft during flight |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B67D 5/36 | Arrangements of hoses in apparatus for transferring liquids, e.g. fuel, from bulk to vehicles or portable containers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E01D 19/00 | Fastening of pipes or cables to bridges |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B | Water supply installations |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03D 11/00 | Means for connecting water-closet bowls to the flushing pipe |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03D 11/00 | Siphons for water-closets |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03F 3/04 | Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04D 13/04 | Down pipes for roof drainage; Clamping means therefor |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04F 17/00 | Vertical ducts, channels in buildings, e.g. chimneys |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21F 1/00 | Air ducts for ventilation of mines or tunnels; Connections therefor |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21F 17/00 | Suspension devices for tubes or the like in mines or tunnels |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01N | Gas flow silencers or exhaust apparatus for machines or engines |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16N 21/00 | Conduits, junctions for lubrication systems |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17C 3/00 | Thermal insulation of vessels not under pressure for storing liquified or solidified gases, e.g. Dewar flask |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F22B 37/00 | Water tubes of steam boilers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23J 13/00 | Joints, connections for chimneys or flues |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24H 9/12 | Connecting circulation pipes to heaters |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F 9/04 | Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates of heat-exchangers |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C 15/00 | Structural association of coolant tubes with headers or other pipes in nuclear reactors |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 3/04 | Protective tubing or conduits for electric cables |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 3/30 | Installations of electric cables or lines on walls, floors or ceilings [7] |
   Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 3/36 | Installations of electric cables or lines in walls, floors or ceilings [7] |

|  | F16L |
Subclass index
LAYING OR RECLAIMING PIPES | 1/00
SUPPORTING | 3/00, 5/00, 7/00
PIPES | 9/00, 11/00
PIPE JOINTS |
Constructional kinds |
non-disconnectable | 13/00
screw-threaded | 15/00
with separate joints: pressing member; sleeve or socket; flanged joints | 19/00; 21/00; 23/00
bends or siphons | 43/00
other joints | 25/00
Functional kinds |
with self-tightening sealings | 17/00
adjustable or allowing movement | 27/00
with fluid cut-off means | 29/00
of quick-acting type | 37/00
for double-walled or multi-channel pipes | 39/00
branching pipes, joining pipes to walls | 41/00
special for hoses | 31/00, 33/00, 35/00
special for pipes: of plastics; of brittle material | 47/00; 49/00
PIPING UNITS |
Cleaning features | 45/00
Compensation devices | 51/00
Heating or cooling | 53/00
Accessories | 55/00
PROTECTION: AGAINST DAMAGE; CORROSION OR INCRUSTATION; THERMAL INSULATION | 57/00; 58/00; 59/00

P:10 |  | F16L 1/00 |
Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water (soldering or welding Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K; lifting-gear and load-engaging elements Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B66; hydraulic installations, soil drainage Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E02B; excavations or underwater constructions Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E02D; machines for digging trenches in combination with pipe-assembly Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E02F; laying sewer pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03F 3/00; in earth boreholes or wells Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B; tunnelling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21D; laying electric, or combined optical and electric, cables Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G; making special pipe joints, see the relevant groups for the joints) [2,5,6]

|  | F16L 1/024 |
· | Laying or reclaiming pipes on land, e.g. above the ground (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/12 takes precedence) [5]

|  | F16L 1/026 |
· · | in or on a frozen surface [6]

|  | F16L 1/028 |
· · | in the ground (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/026 takes precedence) [5,6]

|  | F16L 1/06 |
· · | Accessories therefor, e.g. anchors [5]

|  | F16L 1/12 |
· | Laying or reclaiming pipes on or under water (buoyant hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/12) [5]

|  | F16L 1/26 |
· | Repairing or joining pipes on or under water (buoyant hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/12; joints per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00-F16L 49/00) [5]

P:280 |  | F16L 3/00 |
Supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, e.g. hangers, holders, clamps, cleats, clips, brackets (anchors for holding pipes on or under the ground Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/06; noise absorbers in the form of specially adapted hangers or supports Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/02; arrangements specially adapted for supporting insulated bodies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/12) [5,7]

|  | F16L 3/01 |
· | for supporting or guiding the pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points, e.g. movable channels (hauling- or hoisting-chains with arrangements for holding electric cables, hoses or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16G 13/00) [5]

|  | F16L 3/02 |
· | partly surrounding the pipes, cables or protective tubing (bands or chains Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/14)

|  | F16L 3/08 |
· | substantially surrounding the pipe, cable or protective tubing

|  | F16L 3/10 |
· · | divided, i.e. with two members engaging the pipe, cable or protective tubing

|  | F16L 3/12 |
· · | comprising a member substantially surrounding the pipe, cable or protective tubing

|  | F16L 3/14 |
· | Hangers in the form of bands or chains

|  | F16L 3/16 |
· | with special provision allowing movement of the pipe (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/01 takes precedence; supporting pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 7/00) [5]

|  | F16L 3/22 |
· | specially adapted for supporting a number of parallel pipes at intervals [6]

|  | F16L 3/24 |
· | with special member for attachment to profiled girders

P:290 |  | F16L 5/00 |
Devices for use where pipes, cables or protective tubing pass through walls or partitions (installations of electric cables or lines through walls, floors or ceilings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G 3/22)

|  | F16L 5/02 |
· | Sealing

P:240 |  | F16L 7/00 |
Supporting pipes or cables inside other pipes or sleeves, e.g. for enabling pipes or cables to be inserted or withdrawn from under roads or railways without interruption of traffic (sleeves for supporting pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/01) [5]

|  | F16L 9/00 - F16L 11/00 |
Pipes

P:270 |  | F16L 9/00 |
Rigid pipes (finned metal pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F)

|  | F16L 9/18 |
· | Double-walled pipes; Multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies (joints therefor Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00)

P:260 |  | F16L 11/00 |
Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes (hose-like supports for pipes, cables or protective tubing, between relatively movable points Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 3/01; suction-cleaner hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A47L 9/24) [5]

|  | F16L 11/04 |
· | made of rubber or flexible plastics

|  | F16L 11/08 |
· · | with reinforcements embedded in the wall (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/11 takes precedence) [2]

|  | F16L 11/11 |
· · | with corrugated wall [2]

|  | F16L 11/12 |
· · | with arrangements for particular purposes, e.g. specially profiled, with protecting layer, heated, electrically conducting (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 11/11 takes precedence) [2]

|  | F16L 13/00 - F16L 49/00 |
Pipe joints; Hose nipples [2]

P:200 |  | F16L 13/00 |
Non-disconnectable pipe joints, e.g. soldered, adhesive, or caulked joints (joints for rigid pipes of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00)

|  | F16L 13/007 |
· | specially adapted for joining pipes of dissimilar materials [5]

|  | F16L 13/14 |
· | made by plastically deforming the material of the pipe, e.g. by flanging, rolling

P:190 |  | F16L 15/00 |
Screw-threaded joints (casing joints used in deep-drilling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B 17/02; joints sealed primarily by means other than engagement of screw-threads, see the relevant groups characterised by the sealing arrangements); Forms of screw-threads for such joints

P:170 |  | F16L 17/00 |
Joints with packing adapted to sealing by fluid pressure (compensating devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 51/00)

P:180 |  | F16L 19/00 |
Joints in which sealing surfaces are pressed together by means of a member, e.g. a swivel nut, screwed on, or into, one of the joint parts (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00 takes precedence; if using bolts or equivalent connecting means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 23/00; connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00)

|  | F16L 19/02 |
· | Pipe ends provided with collars or flanges, integral with the pipe or not, pressed together by a screwed member

P:210 |  | F16L 21/00 |
Joints with sleeve or socket (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 19/00 take precedence; connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00; specially adapted for pipes of brittle material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 49/00)

|  | F16L 21/02 |
· | with elastic sealing rings between pipe and sleeve or between pipe and socket, e.g. with rolling or other prefabricated profiled rings (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/06, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/08 take precedence; if adjustability is essential Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/00)

|  | F16L 21/06 |
· | with a divided sleeve or ring clamping around the pipe ends (flanged joints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 23/00; couplings of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00)

|  | F16L 21/08 |
· | with additional locking means (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/06 takes precedence; couplings of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00)

P:220 |  | F16L 23/00 |
Flanged joints (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 19/00 take precedence; adjustable joints Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/00; for hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/00; couplings of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00; for double-walled or multi-channel pipes, or pipe assemblies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00; connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00; specially adapted for pipes of brittle material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 49/00)

P:230 |  | F16L 25/00 |
Construction or details of pipe joints not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 13/00-F16L 23/00 (adjustable or allowing movement Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/00; with fluid cut-off means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 29/00; quick-acting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00; for double-walled or multi-channel pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00; connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00; specially adapted for pipes of brittle material Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 49/00)

P:120 |  | F16L 27/00 |
Adjustable joints; Joints allowing movement (of the quick-acting type Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/00; for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00; swivel joints in hose lines used for flushing boreholes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B 21/00) [5]

|  | F16L 27/02 |
· | Universal joints, i.e. with mechanical connection allowing angular movement or adjustment of the axes of the parts in any direction

|  | F16L 27/12 |
· | allowing substantial longitudinal adjustment or movement (by use of screw-thread Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 15/00)

P:130 |  | F16L 29/00 |
Joints with fluid cut-off means (quick-acting joints with cut-off means Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/28)

P:100 |  | F16L 31/00 |
Arrangements for connecting hoses to one another or to flexible sleeves (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/00 takes precedence)

P:90 |  | F16L 33/00 |
Arrangements for connecting hoses to rigid members (hand tools for inserting fittings into hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B25B 27/02); Rigid hose-connectors, i.e. single members engaging both hoses (connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 47/00)

|  | F16L 33/01 - F16L 33/34 |
Note(s) Groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/01 and Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/26 take precedence over other subgroups [7]

|  | F16L 33/01 |
· | specially adapted for hoses having a multi-layer wall [2]

|  | F16L 33/02 |
· | Hose-clips

|  | F16L 33/16 |
· | with sealing or securing means using fluid pressure

|  | F16L 33/18 |
· | characterised by the use of additional sealing means

|  | F16L 33/20 |
· | Undivided rings, sleeves, or like members contracted on the hose or expanded inside the hose by means of tools; Arrangements using such members

|  | F16L 33/22 |
· | with means not mentioned in the preceding groups for gripping the hose between inner and outer parts

|  | F16L 33/24 |
· | with parts screwed directly on or into the hose (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/22 takes precedence)

|  | F16L 33/26 |
· | specially adapted for hoses made of metal

|  | F16L 33/28 |
· | for hoses with one end terminating in a radial flange or collar [5]

|  | F16L 33/30 |
· | comprising parts inside the hoses only (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/24 takes precedence) [7]

|  | F16L 33/32 |
· | comprising parts outside the hoses only (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/24 takes precedence) [7]

|  | F16L 33/34 |
· | with bonding obtained by vulcanisation, gluing, melting, or the like [7]

P:80 |  | F16L 35/00 |
Special arrangements used in connection with end fittings of hoses, e.g. safety or protecting devices

P:110 |  | F16L 37/00 |
Couplings of the quick-acting type (radially-binding sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 21/06; connecting hoses to rigid members Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 33/00; connections made automatically when vehicles are brought together Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B60D, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61G; specially adapted for lubricating devices Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16N 21/00)

|  | F16L 37/28 |
· | with fluid cut-off means

P:140 |  | F16L 39/00 |
Joints or fittings for double-walled or multi-channel pipes or pipe assemblies

P:150 |  | F16L 41/00 |
Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 39/00 takes precedence; connections not designed for conveying fluid Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16B 9/00; joints suitable for connecting together pipe ends, see the relevant groups)

|  | F16L 41/02 |
· | Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted

|  | F16L 41/08 |
· | Joining pipes to walls or pipes, the joined pipe axis being perpendicular to the plane of a wall or to the axis of another pipe (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 41/02 takes precedence) [2]

P:160 |  | F16L 43/00 |
Bends; Siphons (with cleaning apertures Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 45/00; siphons for water-closets Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03D 11/00; siphons in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04F 10/00)

P:250 |  | F16L 45/00 |
Pipe units with cleaning aperture and closure therefor

P:60 |  | F16L 47/00 |
Connecting arrangements or other fittings specially adapted to be made of plastics or to be used with pipes made of plastics (packing, for joints, adapted to sealing by fluid pressure Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 17/00)

|  | F16L 47/02 |
· | Welded joints; Adhesive joints

P:70 |  | F16L 49/00 |
Connecting arrangements, e.g. joints, specially adapted for pipes of brittle material, e.g. glass, earthenware

P:40 |  | F16L 51/00 |
Expansion-compensation arrangements for pipe-lines (telescopic pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 27/12)

P:50 |  | F16L 53/00 |
Heating or cooling pipes or pipe systems (preventing freezing of pipes, thawing frozen pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B 7/00; pipe-line systems, pipe-lines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17D)

P:300 |  | F16L 55/00 |
Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/00-F16L 53/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 57/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/00 take precedence; repairing or joining pipes on or under water Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 1/26; nozzles Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05B; cleaning of pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02, e.g. removal of blockages Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02; devices for preventing bursting of water pipes by freezing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B 7/00; for domestic plumbing installations Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03C 1/00; arrangements for sealing leaky tubes or conduits of heat-exchangers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28F 11/00)

|  | F16L 55/02 |
· | Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers (in valves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 47/00)

|  | F16L 55/04 |
· | Devices damping pulsations or vibrations in fluids

|  | F16L 55/07 |
· | Arrangement or mounting of devices, e.g. valves, for venting or aerating or draining (arrangement of draining devices in water-supply systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E03B 7/00; apparatus for draining Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16T; venting or aerating devices per se Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K 24/00) [2]

|  | F16L 55/09 |
· | Air-conditioning, e.g. de-watering, in pneumatic systems (in general Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F24)

|  | F16L 55/10 |
· | Means for stopping flow in pipes or hoses (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 29/00, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 37/28 take precedence; for covering leaks Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/16; valves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16K) [1,7]

|  | F16L 55/16 |
· | Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders [1,7]

|  | F16L 55/162 |
· · | from inside the pipe (specially adapted for bends, branch units, branching pipes, or the like Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/16) [5,7]

|  | F16L 55/18 |
· | Appliances for use in repairing pipes (Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/10 takes precedence)

|  | F16L 55/24 |
· | Preventing accumulation of dirt or other matter in pipes, e.g. by traps, by strainers

|  | F16L 55/26 |
· | Pigs or moles, i.e. devices movable in a pipe or conduit with or without self-contained propulsion means (tunnel railway systems Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B61B 13/10; conveying articles through pipes or tubes, e.g. tube mail systems, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65G 51/00) [5]

|  | F16L 55/26 |
Note(s) Pigs or moles specially adapted for particular applications are classified in the relevant places for the applications, e.g. stopping flow from or in pipes or hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/10; repairing pipes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 55/18; applying liquids or other fluent materials to the inside of tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B05C 7/00; cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02; welding or cutting Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B23K 37/02; earth drilling Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E21B; cleaning chimneys Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F23J 3/00; cleaning internal or external surfaces of heat-exchange or heat-transfer conduits Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F28G; measuring, testing Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G01; inspection of vessels in nuclear reactors Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C 17/003; inspection or maintenance of pipe-lines or tubes in nuclear installations Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...G21C 17/017; installing electric, or combined optical and electric, cables or lines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...H02G. [5]

P:20 |  | F16L 57/00 |
Protection of pipes or objects of similar shape against external or internal damage or wear (supporting of pipes inside other pipes or sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 7/00; used in connection with end fittings of hoses Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 35/00; protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 58/00; protection thereof during transport Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 59/00)

P:30 |  | F16L 58/00 |
Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation (supporting of pipes inside other pipes or sleeves Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 7/00; compound tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 9/00; cleaning pipes or tubes Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B08B 9/02)

|  | F16L 58/02 |
· | by means of internal or external coatings (coatings for thermal insulation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/00; methods or machines for applying coatings, see the relevant places, e.g. Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B28B 21/00) [2]

P:0 |  | F16L 59/00 |
Thermal insulation in general (heat, sound insulation in buildings Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...E04B; heat insulation of steam engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01B 31/00; heat insulation in rotary piston machines or engines Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F01C 21/00; heat insulation of pumps Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F04C 29/04; thermal insulation of pressure vessels Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17C 1/00; vessels not under pressure, with provision for insulation Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F17C 3/00)

|  | F16L 59/02 |
· | Shape or form of insulating materials, with or without coverings integral with the insulating materials (chemical aspects, see the relevant classes)

|  | F16L 59/04 |
· | Arrangements using dry fillers, e.g. using slag wool

|  | F16L 59/06 |
· | Arrangements using an air layer or vacuum

|  | F16L 59/08 |
· | Means for preventing radiation, e.g. with metal foil

|  | F16L 59/10 |
· | Bandages or covers for the protection of the insulation, e.g. against the influence of the environment or against mechanical damage (integral with insulating materials Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F16L 59/02)

|  | F16L 59/12 |
· | Arrangements for supporting insulation from the wall or body insulated, e.g. by means of spacers between pipe and heat-insulating material; Arrangements specially adapted for supporting insulated bodies