G
SECTION G — PHYSICS
 G

Note(s)

  1. In this section, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "variable" (as a noun) means a feature or property (e.g., a dimension, a physical condition such as temperature, a quality such as density or colour) which, in respect of a particular entity (e.g., an object, a quantity of a substance, a beam of light) and at a particular instant, is capable of being measured; the variable may change, so that its numerical expression may assume different values at different times, in different conditions or in individual cases, but may be constant in respect of a particular entity in certain conditions or for practical purposes (e.g., the length of a bar may be regarded as constant for many purposes).
  2. Attention is drawn to the definitions of terms or expressions used, appearing in the notes of several of the classes in this section, in particular those of "measuring" in class G01 and "control" and "regulation" in class G05.
  3. Classification in this section may present more difficulty than in other sections, because the distinction between different fields of use rests to a considerable extent on differences in the intention of the user rather than on any constructional differences or differences in the manner of use, and because the subjects dealt with are often in effect systems or combinations, which have features or parts in common, rather than "things", which are readily distinguishable as a whole. For example, information (e.g., a set of figures) may be displayed for the purpose of education or advertising (G09), for enabling the result of a measurement to be known (G01), for signalling the information to a distant point or for giving information which has been signalled from a distant point (G08). The words used to describe the purpose depend on features that may be irrelevant to the form of the apparatus concerned, for example, such features as the desired effect on the person who sees the display, or whether the display is controlled from a remote point. Again, a device which responds to some change in a condition, e.g., in the pressure of a fluid, may be used, without modification of the device itself, to give information about the pressure (G01L) or about some other condition linked to the pressure (another subclass of class G01, e.g., G01K for temperature), to make a record of the pressure or of its occurrence (G07C), to give an alarm (G08B), or to control another apparatus (G05).

    The classification scheme is intended to enable things of a similar nature (as indicated above) to be classified together. It is therefore particularly necessary for the real nature of any technical subject to be decided before it can be properly classified.

  
INSTRUMENTS
 G09
EDUCATING; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
 G09B
EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS (devices for psychotechnics or for testing reaction times A61B 5/16; games, sports, amusements A63; projectors, projector screens G03B)
 G09B

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:
    • simulators regarded as teaching or training devices, which is the case if they give perceptible sensations having a likeness to the sensations a student would experience in reality in response to actions taken by him;
    • models of buildings, installations, or the like.
  2. This subclass does not cover:
    • simulators which merely demonstrate or illustrate the function of an apparatus or of a system by means involving computing, and therefore cannot be regarded as teaching or training devices. Such simulators are covered by class G06, if no provision exists elsewhere;
    • components of simulators, if identical with real devices or machines, which are covered by the relevant subclasses for these devices or machines (and not by class G09).
 G09B
Subclass index
TEACHING EQUIPMENT IN GENERAL
General principle of operation
manual or mechanical 1/00, 3/00
electrical 5/00, 7/00
operating by question and answer 3/00, 7/00
Simulators 9/00
TEACHING EQUIPMENT FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES
For writing, shorthand, drawing, painting; for typing 11/00; 13/00
For music; for reading 15/00; 17/00
Models for scientific or technical training 23/00, 25/00
Planetaria, globes; maps, diagrams 27/00; 29/00
Other teaching equipment 19/00
TEACHING, AND COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND OR DEAF 21/00

 G09C
CIPHERING OR DECIPHERING APPARATUS FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC OR OTHER PURPOSES INVOLVING THE NEED FOR SECRECY (secret communication H04K; arrangements for transmitting secret digital information H04L 9/00)

 G09D
RAILWAY OR LIKE TIME OR FARE TABLES; PERPETUAL CALENDARS (calendar blocks B42D 5/04; clockwork-driven G04B; comprising computing means G06C)

 G09F
DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS (display cases A47F; designs or pictures characterised by special or unusual light effects, e.g. changing, B44F 1/00; disposition of road signs or traffic signals E01F 9/00; lighting in general F21; arrangements for controlling light beams G02F 1/00; visible signalling arrangements or devices G08B 5/00; traffic control systems G08G; arrangements or circuits for control of indicating devices using static means to present variable information G09G; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a plurality of light sources H01J, H01K, H01L, H05B 33/12)
 G09F

Note(s)

  1. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "sign" designates a mark or indication serving to make something recognisable, the information presented being non-varying, even if it is flashing; by way of example it covers, therefore, advertising hoardings, or luminous, or light reflecting, safety arrangements.  [3]
  2. Attention is drawn to the Notes following the titles of class B81 and subclass B81B relating to "micro-structural devices" and "micro-structural systems". [7]
 G09F
Subclass index
INFORMATION AND ADVERTISING
Displaying samples 5/00
With fixed information:
show-cards; labels or tags; signs, plates, characters 1/00; 3/00; 7/00
With variable information:
by combination of elements; by movement of complete information 9/00; 11/00
Illuminated signs; luminous advertising 13/00
Supports used for bill-posting and advertising: panels; banners; goods; others 15/00; 17/00; 23/00; 19/00
PROCESSES OF ADVERTISING
Movable; audible; audio-visual; others 21/00; 25/00; 27/00; 19/00

 G09G
ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION (lighting in general F21; arrangements for displaying electric variables or waveforms G01R 13/00; devices or arrangements for the control of light beams G02F 1/00; indicating of time by visual means G04B 19/00, G04C 17/00, G04G 9/00; arrangements for transferring data between computers and peripheral equipment G06F 3/00; visible signalling arrangements or devices G08B 5/00; traffic control systems G08G; display, advertising, signs G09F, e.g. static indicating arrangements comprising an association of a number of separate sources or light control cells G09F 9/00; static indicating arrangements comprising integral associations of a number of light sources H01J, H01K, H01L, H05B 33/12; circuits in pulse counters for indicating the result H03K 21/18; coding, decoding or code conversion, in general H03M; reproducing a picture or pattern using electric signals representing parts thereof and produced by scanning an original H04N)  [3,4,5]
 G09G

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers indicator consoles, i.e. arrangements or circuits for processing control signals to achieve the display, e.g. for the calling up, reception, storage, regeneration, coding, decoding, addressing of control signals.  [3]
  2. This subclass does not cover the structural details of the indicating devices, such as panels or tubes per se, or assemblies of individual light sources, which are covered by the relevant subclasses, e.g. H01J, H01K, H01L, G02F, G09F, H05B.  [3]
  3. Contrary to subclass H04N, in which are classified display devices capable of representing continuous brightness value scales, this subclass is limited to devices using only a discrete number of brightness values, e.g. visible/non-visible.  [3]
  4. The visual effect may be produced by a luminescent screen scanned by an electron beam, directly by controlled light sources, by projection of light, from controlled light sources onto characters, symbols, or elements thereof drawn on a support, or by electric, magnetic, or acoustic control of the parameters of light rays from an independent source.  [3]