B
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
 B01 - 
B07
Subsection index
LIQUID/LIQUID, LIQUID/GAS OR GAS/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/LIQUID OR SOLID/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/SOLID SEPARATION
Method
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB07B
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
Apparatus
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
  
TRANSPORTING
 B65
CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
 B65B
MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING (bundling and pressing devices for cigars A24C 1/44; paper-bag holders as shop or office accessories A47F 13/08; apparatus for coating, e.g. by dipping, B05C; devices for tensioning and securing binders adapted to be supported by the article or articles to be bound B25B; nailing or stapling devices B25C, B27F; inserting documents in envelopes and closing the latter B43M 3/00, B43M 5/00; labelling B65C; wrappers, containers or other packaging elements, e.g. binders, closures, protective caps, B65D; transport or storage devices B65G; devices for handling sheets or webs of interest apart from their application in packaging machines B65H; applying closure members to bottles, jars or similar containers B67B; hand- or power-operated devices not attached to, or not incorporated in, containers or container closures for opening closed containers B67B 7/00; packaging of matches C06F; wrapping sugar during manufacture C13H; packaging of ammunition or explosive charges F42B 39/00; making containers or receptacles, see the appropriate subclasses)
 B65B

Note(s)

  1. This subclass does not cover:
  2. In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "packaging" includes mainly the following operations:
      1. filling portable containers or receptacles with materials or small articles to form packages;
      2. inserting articles or groups of articles into containers or receptacles;
      3. closing filled containers or receptacles otherwise than by metal-, glass-, or wood-working operations;
      4. enclosing, or partially enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in sheets, strips, blanks, webs, or tubes of thin flexible material, e.g. wrapping;
      5. bundling articles, e.g. holding articles together in groups by applying string or wire;
      6. attaching articles to cards, sheets, or webs.
    • "package" means the end product of a packaging operation, e.g. a filled and closed container, an article enclosed in a wrapper, a group of articles held together by string or wire, a crate of bottles.
    • "materials" includes matter, or masses of articles, which are to be packaged, as distinct from separate or individual articles.
 B65B
Subclass index
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PACKAGING
Of general application
in individual receptacles: for materials; for objects; closing after filling 1/00, 3/00; 5/00; 7/00
enclosing successively in webs; wrapping; by attachment to carriers 9/00; 11/00; 15/00
for objects: bundling; joining 13/00; 17/02
other processes and apparatus 17/00
For particular objects or materials; under particular conditions
for fragile rod-shaped or tubular objects; for bottles; for other articles presenting special problems 19/00; 21/00; 23/00, 25/00
bundling particular articles 27/00
using removable coatings 33/00
for particular materials: fibrous; other 27/00; 29/00
under particular atmospheric or gaseous conditions 31/00
DETAILS OF APPARATUS AND AUXILIARY DEVICES OR OPERATIONS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
Relating to contents
supply arrangements; introducing into containers or wrappers; preservation, purification 35/00, 37/00; 39/00; 55/00
other devices or methods 63/00
Relating to containers
supplying container-forming material; forming containers; forming pockets; holding wrappers during wrapping 41/00; 43/00; 47/00; 45/00
bendling wrappers round contents; shrinking; closing; preserving, purifying 49/00; 53/00; 51/00; 55/00
other devices or methods 61/00
Relating to apparatus: control, safety; adaptation to different requirements; other details 57/00; 59/00; 65/00
PACKAGING BY HAND 67/00
UNPACKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR 69/00

 B65C
LABELLING OR TAGGING MACHINES, APPARATUS, OR PROCESSES (nailing or stapling in general B25C, B27F; processes for applying decalcomanias B44C 1/16; applying labels for packaging purposes B65B; labels, name-plates G09F)
 B65C

Note(s)

In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:

  • "labels" covers also decalcomanias, stamps or the like.


 B65D
CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES (containers specially adapted for storing agricultural or horticultural products A01F 25/14; containers specially adapted for use in dairies A01J; purses, luggage, hand carried bags A45C; travelling or camp equipment, sacks or packs carried on the body A45F; household or table equipment A47G; mail or newspapers receptacles A47G 29/12; kitchen equipment A47J; packages or wrapping arrangements for used absorbent pads A61F 13/551; associated with vehicles, see the appropriate subclass of B60-B64; machines, apparatus, or devices for, or methods of, packaging articles or materials B65B; sack holders B65B 67/00; refuse receptacles B65F 1/00; handling sheets, webs or filamentary material B65H; load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces B66C; liquid handling B67; storing gases F17; making containers, see subclasses dealing with the working of the material concerned)
 B65D

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:  [6]
    • containers, packaging elements or packages with auxiliary means or provision for displaying articles or materials;  [6]
    • methods of packaging which are wholly characterised by the form of the package produced or the form of the container or packaging element used, as distinct from the operations performed or the apparatus employed, which are covered by subclass B65B.  [6]
  2. This subclass, which is intended to be as comprehensive as possible, only excludes containers or packages of a nature clearly confined to a single other subclass, which are classified in that subclass.
  3. In this subclass, groups B65D 5/00, B65D 27/00, B65D 30/00 or B65D 65/00 include constructional features of foldable or erectable container or wrapper blanks as well as the containers or wrappers formed by folding or erecting such blanks.
  4. Containers, packaging elements or packages classified in group B65D 85/00, are also classified according to the constructional or functional features, if such features are of interest.  [6]
  5. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "rigid or semi-rigid containers" includes:
      1. containers not deformed by, or not taking-up the shape of, their contents;
      2. containers adapted to be temporarily deformed to expel their contents;
      3. pallets;
      4. trays;
    • "flexible containers" includes:
      1. containers deformed by, or taking-up the shape of, their contents;
      2. containers adapted to be permanently deformed to expel their contents;
    • "packaging elements" includes:
      1. elements, other than containers, for covering, protecting, stiffening, or holding together articles or materials to be stored or transported;
      2. packaging materials of special type or form not provided for in other subclasses;
    • "packages" includes:
      1. combinations of containers or packaging elements with articles or materials to be stored or transported;
      2. articles joined together for convenience of storage or transport;
    • "paper" includes materials, e.g. cardboard, plastic sheet materials, laminated materials, or metal foils, worked in a manner analogous to paper;
    • "large containers", in groups B65D 88/00 or B65D 90/00, means containers having about the size of containers used in container traffic, sometimes referred to as freight, forwarding or "ISO" (International Standardization Organization) containers, or larger containers.  [3]
  6. Tamper-indicating means for containers or closures are classified in the group appropriate to the type of container or closure, e.g. B65D 5/43, B65D 5/54, B65D 17/00, B65D 27/30, B65D 27/34, B65D 33/34, B65D 41/32, B65D 47/36, B65D 49/12, B65D 51/20, B65D 55/06.  [6]
 B65D
Subclass index
GENERAL CONTAINERS
Rigid or semi-rigid characterised by
their structure or material 1/00 - 13/00
their kind 19/00, 21/00
opening by cutting or tearing 17/00
their particular use 81/00 - 85/00
details not otherwise provided for 23/00, 25/00
Flexible characterised by
their kind 27/00 - 37/00
their particular use 81/00 - 85/00
LARGE CONTAINERS 88/00, 90/00
MOVABLE OR HINGED CLOSURES
Kinds of closure 39/00, 41/00, 43/00, 50/00, 51/00
Clamping or using closures 45/00, 47/00, 49/00
Accessories 53/00, 55/00
PACKAGING ELEMENTS
Material 65/00, 67/00
For particular use 81/00, 85/00
Accessories
internal 57/00, 59/00
external 61/00, 63/00
not otherwise provided for 67/00
KINDS OF PACKAGES
Bales; articles on carriers; with enclosing tube, sheet, or web; using preformed containers 71/00; 73/00; 75/00; 77/00
Assemblies of objects 69/00, 71/00
For particular use 81/00, 83/00, 85/00
Kinds or details not otherwise provided for 79/00

 B65F
GATHERING OR REMOVAL OF DOMESTIC OR LIKE REFUSE (disinfecting refuse A61L; refuse disintegrators B02C; sorting refuse B03B, B07B; handcarts for transporting refuse receptacles B62B; sack holders B65B 67/00; converting refuse into fertilisers C05F; converting refuse into solid fuels C10L; sewers, cesspools E03F; arrangements in buildings for the disposal of refuse E04F 17/10; refuse-consuming furnaces F23G)

 B65G
TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYERS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING; SHOP CONVEYER SYSTEMS; PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYERS (transport or storage devices used in a particular handling or treatment of articles or materials, see the relevant subclass, e.g. in metal-working B21D 43/00, B23Q 7/00, B23Q 41/02; vehicle, railway, sea or aircraft aspects B60-B64; transportation, conveyor or haulage systems specially adapted for motor vehicle or trailer assembly lines B62D 65/18; in packaging B65B; handling thin or filamentary materials B65H; hoisting, lifting, hauling, e.g. truck loaders B66; handling liquids B67; specially adapted to underground conditions E21F 13/00; storing or distributing gases or liquids F17; in handling radioactive materials G21C 19/00)
 B65G
Subclass index
HANDLING AND STORAGE
Loading and unloading 65/00, 67/00, 69/00
Transfer, trans-shipment 63/00
Storage 1/00, 3/00, 5/00
Piling, unpiling
of articles 57/00 - 61/00
of loose material 65/28
Assisting manual handling 7/00, 9/00
CONVEYERS, CHUTES
Mechanical
with endless element 15/00 - 23/00
with particular movement 25/00, 27/00, 29/00, 33/00
other kinds 35/00
combinations or systems of general use 37/00, 49/00
chutes; roller-ways; projectors 11/00; 13/00; 31/00
Parts or auxiliary devices applicable to different kinds
rollers; frames; auxiliary handling 39/00; 41/00; 47/00
control, safety; maintenance 43/00; 45/00
Non-mechanical 51/00, 53/00, 54/00

 B65H
HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
 B65H

Note(s)

  1. This subclass does not cover methods or devices intimately associated with other operations on thin or filamentary material, e.g. sheets, webs, cables or means for performing such operations, which are classified in the relevant subclasses for these operations, e.g.:
    B07CPostal sorting, similar sorting of documents, e.g. cheques 
    B08B 1/02Cleaning travelling work, e.g. webs, by methods involving the use of tools, brushes or like members 
    B21B 41/00Metal rolling involving guiding, conveying or accumulating easily-flexible work, e.g. wire, sheet metal bands, in loops or curves 
    B21C 47/00, B21C 49/00Winding-up, coiling, winding-off or temporarily accumulating metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material, characterised by features relevant to metal processing only, other than by rolling 
    B21D 43/00Feeding, positioning or storing devices, combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal without essentially removing material 
    B23K 9/12Means for automatic feeding of electrodes for spot or seam welding or cutting 
    B29C 31/00Handling for shaping or joining of plastics, for shaping of substances in a plastic state in general or for after-treatment of shaped products, e.g. feeding the material to be shaped 
    B41B 15/32, B41B 21/32Film-handling mechanisms in photographic composing machines 
    B41F 13/02Conveying or guiding webs through rotary-printing presses or machines 
    B41J 11/00-B41J 17/00Handling of copy- or impression-transfer material in typewriters or selective printing mechanisms 
    B41K 3/44Means for handling copy matter in stamping or numbering apparatus or devices 
    B41LHandling sheets or webs in apparatus or devices for manifolding, duplicating or printing for office or other commercial purposes, or on addressing machines or like series-printing machines 
    B42BHandling relating to permanently attaching together sheets, quires, or signatures 
    B42CHandling sheets in book-binding 
    B65BHandling of sheets or webs in apparatus for, or methods of, packaging articles, not of interest apart from their application in packaging machines 
    B65CHandling of labels in labelling or tagging apparatus 
    C14B 1/62Winding or stacking hides or leather in machines or devices for manufacturing leather 
    D01-D07Spinning, weaving, braiding, lace-making, knitting, sewing, making ropes or cables 
    D21F 2/00Transferring webs from wet ends to press sections in paper-making 
    F26B 13/00Handling fabrics, fibres, yarns or other material in long lengths in drying apparatus 
    G03BFilm-strip handling or handling of pictures in apparatus for taking photographs or for projecting or viewing them 
    G06K 13/00Conveying record carriers from one station to another 
    G06M 7/00Counting of flat articles, e.g. sheets, carried by a conveyer 
    G11B 15/00-G11B 19/00, G11B 23/00, G11B 25/00Information storage based on relative movement between record carrier and transducer, involving handling record carriers for recording or reproducing 
    H01F 41/06Manufacturing coils for magnets, inductances, transformers, by winding 
    H01G 13/02Machines for winding capacitors 
    H04N 1/00Sheet handling not of interest apart from its use in systems for transmission or reproduction of pictures or patterns not varying in time, e.g. facsimile transmission. 
  2. In this subclass:
    • the groups relating to thin material, as defined under (i) of Note (3) below, are primarily intended to cover the handling of articles made of paper or cardboard, but also include the handling of articles made of other materials which have similar characteristics or present similar handling problems, e.g. articles made of sheet-plastics or leather;
    • the groups relating to filamentary material (groups B65H 49/00 onwards), as defined in Note (3) below, cover only methods or devices of general application or interest.
  3. In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
    • "handling" includes feeding, folding (other than in the manufacture of products), guiding, orientating, storing, unwinding, and winding;
    • "thin material" includes:
      1. sheets, signatures, envelopes, blanks, and thin piles thereof (hereinafter referred to as "articles"), and
      2. webs, tapes, and films, e.g. of paper, fabric, metal foil, or plastics;
    • "filamentary material" includes thread, wires, ropes, cables, and hoses;
    • "package" means a mass of filamentary material, formed by coiling, depositing, or winding, with or without a supporting core or former or an enclosing container or receptacle.
 B65H
Subclass index
ARTICLES
Feeding; piles
pile supports; lifting ends of piles for overlapping; overturning articles 1/00; 13/00; 15/00
separating from piles; feeding from piles or to machines; feed control; positioning; feeding to piles; feed tables 3/00; 5/00; 7/00; 9/00; 11/00
Delivering
from machines to piles 29/00, 35/00, 37/00
gathering 39/00
folding; unfolding 45/00; 47/00
piling 13/00, 15/00, 31/00, 33/00
Combinations of piling and depiling operations 83/00
Recirculating articles 85/00
Control, checking, safety 43/00
WEBS
Feeding
unwinding, paying-out webs; winding webs; advancing webs 16/00; 18/00; 20/00
changing the web roll; special constructions of feed or guide rollers; covering cores, not otherwise provided for 19/00; 27/00; 81/00
webs: splicing; registering, tensioning or guiding; con- trolling tension 21/00; 23/00; 77/00
Delivery from machines
with or after auxiliary operations; gathering; separating 35/00, 37/00; 39/00; 41/00
folding; unfolding 45/00; 47/00
Machines: control, checking, safety or warning; driving gear not otherwise provided for 26/00, 43/00, 63/00; 79/00
Storing 75/00
FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
Unwinding, paying out; forwarding 49/00; 51/00
Winding, coiling, depositing; wound packages; guides; covering cores not otherwise provided for 54/00; 55/00; 57/00; 81/00
Tension control; Measuring pre-determined lengths; joining 59/00, 77/00; 61/00; 69/00
Cores, formers: securing material, replacing, removing, stripping-off waste material 65/00, 67/00, 73/00
Treatment during formation of package 71/00
Machines: control, checking, safety or warning; driving gear not otherwise provided for 26/00, 43/00, 63/00; 79/00
Storing 75/00
SUBJECT MATTER NOT PROVIDED FOR IN OTHER GROUPS OF THIS SUBCLASS 99/00