operations of the types mentioned in Note (2) (a) to (f), employed in the manufacture of articles other than packages, which are covered by other appropriate subclasses, e.g. making confectionery products by casting in moulds formed by wrappers Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...A23G, filling ammunition, e.g. cartridges, Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...F42B 33/02;
methods of packaging, which are wholly characterised by the form of the package produced, or the form of the container or packaging-element used, which are covered by Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D.
In this subclass, the following terms are used with the meanings indicated:
"packaging" includes mainly the following operations:
filling portable containers or receptacles with materials or small articles to form packages;
inserting articles or groups of articles into containers or receptacles;
closing filled containers or receptacles otherwise than by metal-, glass-, or wood-working operations;
enclosing, or partially enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in sheets, strips, blanks, webs, or tubes of thin flexible material, e.g. wrapping;
bundling articles, e.g. holding articles together in groups by applying string or wire;
attaching articles to cards, sheets, or webs.
"package" means the end product of a packaging operation, e.g. a filled and closed container, an article enclosed in a wrapper, a group of articles held together by string or wire, a crate of bottles.
"materials" includes matter, or masses of articles, which are to be packaged, as distinct from separate or individual articles.
B65B
Subclass index
METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR PACKAGING
Of general application
in individual receptacles: for materials; for objects; closing after filling
containers, packaging elements or packages with auxiliary means or provision for displaying articles or materials; [6]
methods of packaging which are wholly characterised by the form of the package produced or the form of the container or packaging element used, as distinct from the operations performed or the apparatus employed, which are covered by subclass Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65B. [6]
This subclass, which is intended to be as comprehensive as possible, only excludes containers or packages of a nature clearly confined to a single other subclass, which are classified in that subclass.
Containers, packaging elements or packages classified in group Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65D 85/00, are also classified according to the constructional or functional features, if such features are of interest. [6]
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
"rigid or semi-rigid containers" includes:
containers not deformed by, or not taking-up the shape of, their contents;
containers adapted to be temporarily deformed to expel their contents;
pallets;
trays;
"flexible containers" includes:
containers deformed by, or taking-up the shape of, their contents;
containers adapted to be permanently deformed to expel their contents;
"packaging elements" includes:
elements, other than containers, for covering, protecting, stiffening, or holding together articles or materials to be stored or transported;
packaging materials of special type or form not provided for in other subclasses;
"packages" includes:
combinations of containers or packaging elements with articles or materials to be stored or transported;
articles joined together for convenience of storage or transport;
"paper" includes materials, e.g. cardboard, plastic sheet materials, laminated materials, or metal foils, worked in a manner analogous to paper;
HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
B65H
Note(s)
This subclass does not cover methods or devices intimately associated with other operations on thin or filamentary material, e.g. sheets, webs, cables or means for performing such operations, which are classified in the relevant subclasses for these operations, e.g.:
Winding-up, coiling, winding-off or temporarily accumulating metal wire, metal band or other flexible metal material, characterised by features relevant to metal processing only, other than by rolling
Feeding, positioning or storing devices, combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal without essentially removing material
Handling for shaping or joining of plastics, for shaping of substances in a plastic state in general or for after-treatment of shaped products, e.g. feeding the material to be shaped
Handling sheets or webs in apparatus or devices for manifolding, duplicating or printing for office or other commercial purposes, or on addressing machines or like series-printing machines
Sheet handling not of interest apart from its use in systems for transmission or reproduction of pictures or patterns not varying in time, e.g. facsimile transmission.
In this subclass:
the groups relating to thin material, as defined under (i) of Note (3) below, are primarily intended to cover the handling of articles made of paper or cardboard, but also include the handling of articles made of other materials which have similar characteristics or present similar handling problems, e.g. articles made of sheet-plastics or leather;
the groups relating to filamentary material (groups Fulltext... Hierarchy... Expanded...B65H 49/00 onwards), as defined in Note (3) below, cover only methods or devices of general application or interest.
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meanings indicated:
"handling" includes feeding, folding (other than in the manufacture of products), guiding, orientating, storing, unwinding, and winding;
"thin material" includes:
sheets, signatures, envelopes, blanks, and thin piles thereof (hereinafter referred to as "articles"), and
webs, tapes, and films, e.g. of paper, fabric, metal foil, or plastics;
"filamentary material" includes thread, wires, ropes, cables, and hoses;
"package" means a mass of filamentary material, formed by coiling, depositing, or winding, with or without a supporting core or former or an enclosing container or receptacle.
B65H
Subclass index
ARTICLES
Feeding; piles
pile supports; lifting ends of piles for overlapping; overturning articles