H
SECTION H — ELECTRICITY
 H

Note(s)

These Notes cover the basic principles and general instructions for use of section H.

  1. Section H covers:
    1. basic electric elements, which cover all electric units and the general mechanical structure of apparatus and circuits, including the assembly of various basic elements into what are called printed circuits and also cover to a certain extent the manufacture of these elements (when not covered elsewhere);
    2. generation of electricity, which covers the generation, conversion and distribution of electricity together with the controlling of the corresponding gear;
    3. applied electricity, which covers:
      1. general utilisation techniques, viz. those of electric heating and electric lighting circuits;
      2. some special utilisation techniques, either electric or electronic in the strict sense, which are not covered by other sections of the Classification, including:
        1. electric light sources, including lasers;
        2. electric X-ray technique;
        3. electric plasma technique and the generation and acceleration of electrically charged particles or neutrons;
    4. basic electronic circuits and their control;
    5. radio or electric communication technique;
    6. the use of a specified material for the manufacture of the article or element described. In this connection, paragraphs 88 to 90 of the Guide should be referred to.
  2. In this section, the following general rules apply:
    1. Subject to the exceptions stated in I(c), above, any electric aspect or part peculiar to a particular operation, process, apparatus, object or article, classified in one of the sections of the Classification other than section H, is always classified in the subclass for that operation, process, apparatus, object or article. Where common characteristics concerning technical subjects of similar nature have been brought out at class level, the electric aspect or part is classified, in conjunction with the operation, process, apparatus, object or article, in a subclass which covers entirely the general electrical applications for the technical subject in question;
    2. The electrical applications referred to under (a), above, either general or particular, include:
      1. the therapeutic processes and apparatus, in class A61;
      2. the electric processes and apparatus used in various laboratory or industrial operations, in classes B01 and B03 and in subclass B23K;
      3. the electricity supply, electric propulsion and electric lighting of vehicles in general and of particular vehicles, in the subsection "Transporting" of section B;
      4. the electric ignition systems of internal-combustion engines, in subclass F02P, and of combustion apparatus in general, in subclass F23Q;
      5. the whole electrical part of section G, i.e. measuring devices including apparatus for measuring electric variables, checking, signalling and calculating. Electricity in that section is generally dealt with as a means and not as an end in itself;
    3. All electrical applications, both general and particular, presuppose that the "basic electricity" aspect appears in section H (see I(a) above) as regards the electric "basic elements" which they comprise. This rule is also valid for applied electricity, referred to in I(c), above, which appears in section H itself.
  3. In this section, the following special cases occur:
    1. Among the general applications covered by sections other than section H, it is worth noting that electric heating in general is covered by subclasses F24D or F24H or class F27, and that electric lighting in general is partly covered by class F21, since in section H (see I(c), above) there are places in H05B which cover the same technical subjects;
    2. In the two cases referred to under (a), above, the subclasses of section F, which deal with the respective subjects, essentially cover in the first place the whole mechanical aspect of the apparatus or devices, whereas the electrical aspect, as such, is covered by subclass H05B;
    3. In the case of lighting, this mechanical aspect should be taken to cover the material arrangement of the various electric elements, i.e., their geometrical or physical position in relation to one another; this aspect is covered by subclass F21V, the elements themselves and the primary circuits remaining in section H. The same applies to electric light sources, when combined with light sources of a different kind. These are covered by subclass H05B, whereas the physical arrangement which their combination constitutes is covered by the various subclasses of class F21;
    4. As regards heating, not only the electric elements and circuitry designs, as such, are covered by subclass H05B, but also the electric aspects of their arrangement, where these concern cases of general application; electric furnaces being considered as such. The physical disposition of the electric elements in furnaces is covered by section F. If a comparison is made with electric welding circuits, which are covered by subclass B23K in connection with welding, it can be seen that electric heating is not covered by the general rule stated in II, above.

 H02
GENERATION, CONVERSION, OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
 H02M
APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF (conversion of current or voltage specially adapted for use in electronic time-pieces with no moving parts G04G 19/00; systems for regulating electric or magnetic variables in general, e.g. using transformers, reactors or choke coils, combination of such systems with static converters G05F; for digital computers G06F 1/00; transformers H01F; connection or control of one converter with regard to conjoint operation with a similar or other source of supply H02J; dynamo-electric converters H02K 47/00; controlling transformers, reactors or choke coils, control or regulation of electric motors, generators or dynamo-electric converters H02P; pulse generators H03K)  [4,5]
 H02M

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers only circuits or apparatus for the conversion of electric power, or arrangements for control or regulation of such circuits or apparatus.
  2. This subclass does not cover the individual electro-technical devices employed when converting electric power. Such devices are covered by the relevant subclasses, e.g. inductors, transformers H01F, capacitors, electrolytic rectifiers H01G, mercury-vapour rectifying or other discharge tubes H01J, semiconductor devices H01L, impedance networks or resonant circuits not primarily concerned with the transfer of electric power H03H.
  3. In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "conversion", in respect of an electric variable, e.g. voltage or current, means the change of one or more of the parameters of the variable, e.g. amplitude, frequency, phase, polarity.  [4]
 H02M
Subclass index
DETAILS 1/00
TYPES OF CONVERSION
dc to dc 3/00
ac to ac 5/00
ac to dc and vice versa7/00
dc or ac to surge output power 9/00
other power conversion systems 11/00
P:50 H02M 1/00
Details of apparatus for conversion
 H02M 1/02
·  Circuits specially adapted for the generation of grid-control or igniter-control voltages for discharge tubes incorporated in static converters
 H02M 1/06
·  Circuits specially adapted for rendering non-conductive gas discharge tubes or equivalent semiconductor devices, e.g. thyratrons, thyristors  [2]
 H02M 1/08
·  Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
 H02M 1/084
·  ·  using a control circuit common to several phases of a multi-phase system  [4]
 H02M 1/088
·  ·  for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices  [4]
 H02M 1/10
·  Arrangements incorporating converting means for enabling loads to be operated at will from different kinds of power supplies, e.g. from ac or dc
 H02M 1/12
·  Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
 H02M 1/14
·  Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
 H02M 1/16
·  Means for providing current step on switching, e.g. with saturable reactor
 H02M 1/20
·  Contact mechanisms of dynamic converters
P:20 H02M 3/00
Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
 H02M 3/02
·  without intermediate conversion into ac
 H02M 3/04
·  ·  by static converters
 H02M 3/16
·  ·  by dynamic converters
 H02M 3/20
·  ·  by combination of static with dynamic converters; by combination of dynamo-electric with other dynamic or static converters
 H02M 3/22
·  with intermediate conversion into ac
 H02M 3/24
·  ·  by static converters
 H02M 3/34
·  ·  by dynamic converters
 H02M 3/44
·  ·  by combination of static with dynamic converters; by combination of dynamo-electric with other dynamic or static converters
P:10 H02M 5/00
Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
 H02M 5/02
·  without intermediate conversion into dc
P:30 H02M 7/00
Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
 H02M 7/02
·  Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
 H02M 7/04
·  ·  by static converters
 H02M 7/06
·  ·  ·  using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
 H02M 7/08
·  ·  ·  ·  arranged for operation in parallel
 H02M 7/10
·  ·  ·  ·  arranged for operation in series, e.g. for multiplication of voltage
 H02M 7/12
·  ·  ·  using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
 H02M 7/21
·  ·  ·  ·  using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal  [2,4]
 H02M 7/217
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  using semiconductor devices only  [2]
 H02M 7/219
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  in a bridge configuration  [4]
 H02M 7/42
·  Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
 H02M 7/44
·  ·  by static converters
 H02M 7/48
·  ·  ·  using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
 H02M 7/505
·  ·  ·  ·  using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means  [2]
 H02M 7/53
·  ·  ·  ·  using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal  [2]
 H02M 7/537
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  using semiconductor devices only  [2]
 H02M 7/5375
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  with special starting equipment  [4]
 H02M 7/538
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  in a push-pull configuration (H02M 7/5375 takes precedence)  [4]
 H02M 7/5383
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  in a self-oscillating arrangement (H02M 7/538 takes precedence)  [4]
 H02M 7/5387
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  in a bridge configuration  [4]
 H02M 7/539
·  ·  ·  ·  ·  ·  with automatic control of output wave form or frequency (H02M 7/5375-H02M 7/5387 take precedence)  [4]
 H02M 7/66
·  with possibility of reversal
P:0 H02M 9/00
Conversion of dc or ac input power into surge output power  [2]
P:40 H02M 11/00
Power conversion systems not covered by the other groups of this subclass  [4]