B
SECTION B — PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  
SEPARATING; MIXING
 B01 - 
B07

Note(s)

The following notes are meant to assist in the use of this part of the classification scheme; they must not be read as modifying in any way the elaborations.

  1. In this sub-section, the separation of different materials, e.g. of different matter, size, or state, is predominantly found in the following subclasses:

    B01D

    B03B, B03C, B03D

    B04B, B04C

    B07B, B07C.

  2. The classifying characteristics of these subclasses are:
    1. the physical state of the matter to be separated;
    2. the principle of the process used;
    3. particular kinds of apparatus.
    The first of these characteristics involves six different aspects, assembled in three groups:
    1. liquid/liquid or liquid/gas and gas/gas;
    2. solid/liquid or solid/gas;
    3. solid/solid.
  3. These subclasses are to be used according to the following general rules:

 B01 - 
B07
Subsection index
LIQUID/LIQUID, LIQUID/GAS OR GAS/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal force, using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/LIQUID OR SOLID/GAS SEPARATION
Method
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB01D
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
Apparatus
General operationsB01D
by centrifugal forceB01D
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
using magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
SOLID/SOLID SEPARATION
Method
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB07B
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
Apparatus
Dry methods
material in bulkB07B
Individual sortingB07C
Screening, sifting, pneumatic sortingB07B
using pneumatic tables or jigsB03B
by magnetic or electrostatic effectB03C
by centrifugal forceB07B
using centrifuges or free-vortex apparatusB04B, B04C
Wet methods
General operationsB03B
flotation, differential sedimentationB03D
screeningB07B
Combinations Dry methods - wet methodsB03B
 B01
PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL (furnaces, kilns, ovens, retorts, in general F27)
 B01D
SEPARATION (separating solids from solids by wet methods B03B, B03D, by pneumatic jigs or tables B03B, by other dry methods B07; magnetic or electrostatic separation of solid materials from solid materials or fluids, separation by high-voltage electric fields B03C; centrifuges, vortex apparatus B04; presses per se for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material B30B 9/02; treatment of water C02F, e.g. softening by ion-exchange C02F 1/42; arrangement or mounting of filters in air-conditioning, air-humidification or ventilation F24F 13/00)  [5]
 B01D

Note(s)

  1. This subclass covers:
    • evaporation, distillation, crystallisation, filtration, dust precipitation, gas cleaning, absorption, adsorption;
    • similar processes which are not concerned with, or limited to, separation (except in the case of absorption or adsorption).
  2. In this subclass, the terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
    • "filtration" and analogous terms include straining solids from fluids;
    • "filter medium" is a porous material or porous arrangement of material used to filter solids from fluids; [5]
    • "filtering element" is a section of filter medium in addition to parts to which the medium is demountably or permanently fixed, including other sections of medium, end caps, peripheral frames or edge strips, but excluding housings; [5]
    • "filter housing" is the fluid-constraining impervious vessel, whether open or closed, which contains, or is adapted to contain, one or more filtering elements or filter media; [5]
    • "filter chamber" is the space within a housing, where filtering elements or filter media are located. Partitions may divide a single housing into a plurality of chambers; [5]
    • "filtering apparatus" consists of filtering elements combined with housings, cleaning arrangements, motor or the like parts, which are characteristic of the particular type of apparatus. Ancillary devices such as pumps or valves are considered part of a filtering apparatus when inside the apparatus. Ancillary devices performing similar or different unit operation such as comminutors, mixers or non-filtering separators, whether or not inside the apparatus, are not considered part of a filtering apparatus. The term does not extend to apparatus, e.g. washing machines, of which the filter forms only a part. [5]
  3. For apparatus used in drying or evaporation, class F26 takes precedence over this subclass.
  4. Group B01D 59/00 takes precedence over the other groups of this subclass and over other subclasses in class B01.
 B01D
Subclass index
EVAPORATION; DISTILLATION; SUBLIMATION 1/00; 3/00; 5/00; 7/00
COLD TRAPS, COLD BAFFLES 8/00
CRYSTALLISATION 9/00
SOLVENT EXTRACTION 11/00
TREATING LIQUIDS: DISPLACEMENT, ADSORPTION, SEPARATION, DEGASIFICATION, CHROMATOGRAPHY 12/00, 15/00, 17/00, 19/00
TREATING GASES OR VAPOURS: SEPARATION, RECOVERING, CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL PURIFICATION OF WASTE GASES 53/00
SEPARATION OF SUSPENDED PARTICLES FROM LIQUIDS
By sedimentation 21/00
By filtration
processes 37/00
gravity filters; filters formed from filtering elements, pressure or suction filters 24/00; 25/00, 29/00
cartridge filters 27/00
filters with mobile filtering elements 33/00
filtering devices 35/00
filter circuits or combinations 36/00
By other processes 43/00
SEPARATION OF DISPERSED PARTICLES FROM GASES OR VAPOURS
Pretreatment of the gas or vapour 51/00
By gravity, inertia, centrifugal force; by filtration; by a combination of devices 45/00; 46/00; 50/00
By other methods 47/00, 49/00
FILTERING MATERIALS 39/00, 41/00
SEPARATION OF ISOTOPES 59/00
ABSORPTION, ADSORPTION, CHROMATOGRAPHY; OTHER SEPARATING METHODS 15/00, 15/08, 53/02, 53/14; 57/00
SEPARATION USING SEMI-PERMEABLE MEMBRANES; DIALYSIS, OSMOSIS, ULTRAFILTRATION 61/00 - 71/00
P:20 B01D 1/00
Evaporating (removal of incrustation B08B; preparation of starch C08B 30/00; sugar industry C13; prevention of incrustation C23F; drying solid materials or objects by evaporating liquids therefrom F26)
 B01D 1/16
·  by spraying (B01D 1/22 takes precedence)
 B01D 1/22
·  by bringing a thin layer of the liquid into contact with a heated surface
 B01D 1/26
·  Multiple-effect evaporating
P:30 B01D 3/00
Distillation or related exchange processes in which liquids are contacted with gaseous media, e.g. stripping (gas chromatography B01D 15/08; destructive distillation C10B; preparation of alcoholic beverages by distillation C12G 3/00)  [2]
 B01D 3/10
·  Vacuum distillation (B01D 3/12 takes precedence)  [2]
 B01D 3/12
·  Molecular distillation  [2]
 B01D 3/14
·  Fractional distillation
 B01D 3/34
·  with one or more auxiliary substances
 B01D 3/42
·  Regulation; Control
P:50 B01D 5/00
Condensation of vapours; Recovering volatile solvents by condensation (B01D 8/00 takes precedence; condensers F28B)  [3]
P:60 B01D 7/00
Sublimation (B01D 8/00 takes precedence; freeze-drying F26)
 B01D 7/02
·  Crystallisation directly from the vapour phase (into single crystals C30B 23/00)  [2]
P:40 B01D 8/00
Cold traps; Cold baffles (pumps for evacuating by condensing or freezing F04B 37/00)  [3]
P:70 B01D 9/00
Crystallisation (crystallisation directly from the vapour phase B01D 7/02; making single crystals C30B)
P:80 B01D 11/00
Solvent extraction
 B01D 11/02
·  of solids
 B01D 11/04
·  of solutions which are liquid
P:270 B01D 12/00
Displacing liquid, e.g. from wet solids or from dispersions of liquids or from solids in liquids, by means of another liquid
P:280 B01D 15/00
Separating processes involving the treatment of liquids with solid sorbents (using liquid sorbents B01D 11/00; ion exchange processes or materials, sorbent materials in general B01J, e.g. sorbents for chromatography B01J 20/281; for investigating or analysing materials G01N 30/00); Apparatus therefor  [4]
 B01D 15/02
·  with moving adsorbents
 B01D 15/04
·  with ion-exchange materials as adsorbents (B01D 15/26 takes precedence)  [1,8]
 B01D 15/08
·  Selective adsorption, e.g. chromatography
 B01D 15/08

Note(s)

In order that group B01D 15/08 may provide a basis for a complete search with respect to chromatography in general, all subject matter of general interest is classified in this group even if it is classified primarily in the application-oriented groups, for example dairy products A23C 9/00, treatment of blood e.g. A61M 1/36, optically active organic compounds C07B 57/00 or peptides C07K 1/00[8]

 B01D 15/10
·  ·  characterised by constructional or operational features  [8]
 B01D 15/26
·  ·  characterised by the separation mechanism  [8]
 B01D 15/42
·  ·  characterised by the development mode, e.g. by displacement or by elution  [8]
P:310 B01D 17/00
Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion (devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material from water, waste water, or sewage C02F 1/40; cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like materials E02B 15/04; arrangements for separating lubricants from refrigerants F25B 43/02)
 B01D 17/02
·  Separation of non-miscible liquids
 B01D 17/025
·  ·  by gravity, in a settling tank  [4]
 B01D 17/04
·  ·  Breaking emulsions
P:260 B01D 19/00
Degasification of liquids
 B01D 19/02
·  Foam dispersion or prevention (during boiling B01B 1/00; during fermentation C12)
P:290 B01D 21/00
Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation (differential sedimentation B03D 3/00; devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material from water, waste water, or sewage C02F 1/40)
 B01D 21/01
·  using flocculating agents (for purifying water C02F 1/52; for liquid radioactive waste G21F 9/06)  [2]
 B01D 21/02
·  Settling tanks  [4]
 B01D 21/24
·  Feed or discharge mechanisms for settling tanks
 B01D 21/26
·  Separation of sediment aided by centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B; cyclones B04C)
 B01D 21/30
·  Control equipment  [4]
 B01D 24/00 - 
B01D 41/00
Filtration; Filtering material, regeneration thereof (blood or infusion liquid filters A61M 5/165; screens or sieves per se B07B 1/00; extrusion filters B29C 47/58; filtering spinning solution or melt D01D 1/00; filtration of lubricants F16N 39/00)  [2]
P:210 B01D 24/00
Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof (B01D 27/00 takes precedence)  [5]
 B01D 24/02
·  with the filter bed stationary during the filtration  [5]
P:180 B01D 25/00
Filters formed by clamping together several filtering elements or parts of such elements (disc filters B01D 29/39)  [5]
 B01D 25/12
·  Filter presses, i.e. of the plate or plate and frame type
P:200 B01D 27/00
Cartridge filters of the throw-away type  [5]
 B01D 27/08
·  Construction of the casing
P:220 B01D 29/00
Other filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, or filtering elements therefor
 B01D 29/01
·  with flat filtering elements (B01D 29/39 takes precedence)  [5]
 B01D 29/09
·  with filtering bands, e.g. movable between filtering operations  [5]
 B01D 29/11
·  with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements  [5]
 B01D 29/13
·  ·  Supported filter elements  [5]
 B01D 29/31
·  ·  Self-supporting filtering elements  [5]
 B01D 29/39
·  with hollow discs side by side on, or around, one or more tubes, e.g. of the leaf type  [5]
 B01D 29/44
·  Edge filtering elements, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces  [4]
 B01D 29/50
·  with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition (B01D 29/39 takes precedence)  [5]
 B01D 29/60
·  integrally combined with devices for controlling the filtration  [5]
 B01D 29/62
·  Regenerating the filter material in the filter (devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi-unit filters, e.g. for regeneration, B01D 35/00)  [5]
 B01D 29/66
·  ·  by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps  [5]
 B01D 29/88
·  having feed or discharge devices  [5]
P:190 B01D 33/00
Filters with filtering elements which move during the filtering operation (filters comprising loose filtering material moving or fluidised during filtration B01D 24/00; centrifuges B04B)  [5]
 B01D 33/04
·  with filtering bands or the like supported on cylinders which are impervious for filtering  [5]
 B01D 33/044
·  with filtering bands or the like supported on cylinders which are pervious for filtering (presses per se for squeezing out liquid using an endless pressing band B30B 9/02)  [5]
 B01D 33/06
·  with rotary cylindrical filtering surfaces, e.g. hollow drums (B01D 33/044 takes precedence)
 B01D 33/15
·  with rotary plane filtering surfaces  [5]
 B01D 33/44
·  Regenerating the filter material in the filter (devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi-unit filters, e.g. for regeneration, B01D 35/00)  [5]
P:240 B01D 35/00
Other filtering devices; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
 B01D 35/06
·  Filters making use of electricity or magnetism (ultrafiltration, microfiltration B01D 61/14; electrodialysis, electro-osmosis B01D 61/42; devices comprising filters and magnetic separators B03C 1/02)  [5]
 B01D 35/14
·  Safety devices specially adapted for filtration (preventing or minimising fires or explosions A62C); Devices for indicating clogging (incorporated in a throw-away filter B01D 27/00)
 B01D 35/16
·  Cleaning-out devices
 B01D 35/30
·  Filter housing constructions  [4]
P:170 B01D 36/00
Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices (devices for the removal of gas, e.g. air purge systems, B01D 35/00)  [4,5]
P:230 B01D 37/00
Processes of filtration (processes specially adapted for filtering gases B01D 46/00)
P:250 B01D 39/00
Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
 B01D 39/02
·  Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
 B01D 39/08
·  Filter cloth, i.e. woven, knitted or interlaced material (metallic B01D 39/10)
 B01D 39/10
·  Filter screens essentially made of metal
 B01D 39/14
·  Other self-supporting filtering material
 B01D 39/16
·  ·  of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
 B01D 39/18
·  ·  ·  the material being cellulose or derivatives thereof (making filter paper D21F 11/00)
 B01D 39/20
·  ·  of inorganic material, e.g. asbestos paper, metallic filtering material of non-woven wires (porous ceramic material C04B; sintering metals C22C 1/04)
P:150 B01D 41/00
Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements outside the filter for liquid or gaseous fluids
   
P:300 B01D 43/00
Separating particles from liquids, or liquids from solids, otherwise than by sedimentation or filtration (flotation processes B03D 1/00; drying solid materials or objects F26B)
 B01D 45/00 - 
B01D 51/00
Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours (suction cleaner filters A47L 9/10; filters for breathing-protection purposes A62B 23/00; filtering air for vehicles B60H 3/06; separating pneumatically-conveyed materials from propelling gas B65G 53/34; exhaust or silencing apparatus for machines or engines having means for removing solid constituents of exhaust F01N 3/02; air cleaners for the intakes of gas-turbine or jet-propulsion plants F02C 7/04, of combustion engines F02M 35/02, of compressors F04B 39/16; filtering in air-conditioning F24F 3/16)
P:330 B01D 45/00
Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
 B01D 45/12
·  by centrifugal forces (centrifuges B04B; cyclones B04C)
P:160 B01D 46/00
Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours (filtering elements B01D 24/00-B01D 35/00; filtering material B01D 39/00; their regeneration outside the filters B01D 41/00)
 B01D 46/02
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
 B01D 46/04
·  ·  Cleaning filters
 B01D 46/10
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets, or pads having plane surfaces
 B01D 46/18
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filtering belts
 B01D 46/24
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies
 B01D 46/28
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter brushes
 B01D 46/30
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
 B01D 46/40
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using edge filters, i.e. using contiguous impervious surfaces
 B01D 46/42
·  Auxiliary equipment or operation thereof
 B01D 46/44
·  ·  controlling filtration
 B01D 46/48
·  ·  Removing dust other than cleaning filters
 B01D 46/50
·  ·  Means for discharging electrostatic potential
 B01D 46/52
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filters embodying folded material
 B01D 46/54
·  Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
P:340 B01D 47/00
Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent (B01D 45/00 takes precedence; fractionating columns or parts thereof B01D 3/14)
 B01D 47/02
·  by passing the gas or air or vapour over or through a liquid bath
 B01D 47/04
·  by passing the gas or air or vapour through foam
 B01D 47/06
·  Spray cleaning
P:350 B01D 49/00
Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by other methods
P:320 B01D 50/00
Combinations of devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
P:370 B01D 51/00
Auxiliary pretreatment of gases or vapours to be cleaned (preventing dust fires A62C; pretreatment specially adapted for magnetic or electrostatic separation B03C)  [6]
   
P:360 B01D 53/00
Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols (recovery of volatile solvents by condensation B01D 5/00; sublimation B01D 7/00; cold traps, cold baffles B01D 8/00; for the separation of specific gases or vapours, see the relevant places, e.g. for purification or separation of nitrogen C01B 21/00; working-up undefined gaseous mixtures obtained by cracking hydrocarbon oils C10G 70/00; cleaning coal gas C10K; working-up of natural gas, or synthetic natural gas, C10L 3/00; separation of difficult-to-condense gases or air by liquefaction F25J; for investigating materials G01N 30/00)  [3,5]
 B01D 53/00

Note(s)

Processes using enzymes or micro-organisms in order to:

  1. liberate, separate or purify a pre-existing compound or composition, or to
  2. treat textiles or clean solid surfaces of materials
are further classified in subclass C12S[6]

 B01D 53/02 - 
B01D 53/32

Note(s)

Group B01D 53/34 takes precedence over groups B01D 53/02-B01D 53/32.

 B01D 53/02
·  by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
 B01D 53/04
·  ·  with stationary adsorbents
 B01D 53/047
·  ·  ·  Pressure swing adsorption  [6]
 B01D 53/06
·  ·  with moving adsorbents
 B01D 53/14
·  by absorption
 B01D 53/18
·  ·  Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor (B01D 3/14 takes precedence; packing elements B01J 19/30, B01J 19/32)
 B01D 53/22
·  by diffusion (manufacturing semi-permeable membranes B01D 67/00; form, structure or properties of semi-permeable membranes B01D 69/00; material for semi-permeable membranes B01D 71/00)
 B01D 53/24
·  by centrifugal force (centrifuges B04B; cyclones B04C)
 B01D 53/26
·  Drying gases or vapours
 B01D 53/28
·  ·  Selection of materials for use as drying agents
 B01D 53/30
·  Controlling by gas-analysis apparatus
 B01D 53/32
·  by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D 61/00  [5]
 B01D 53/34
·  Chemical or biological purification of waste gases  [3,6]
 B01D 53/38
·  ·  Removing components of undefined structure  [6]
 B01D 53/40
·  ·  ·  Acidic components (B01D 53/44 takes precedence)  [6]
 B01D 53/42
·  ·  ·  Basic components (B01D 53/44 takes precedence)  [6]
 B01D 53/44
·  ·  ·  Organic components  [6]
 B01D 53/46
·  ·  Removing components of defined structure  [6]
 B01D 53/48
·  ·  ·  Sulfur compounds  [6]
 B01D 53/50
·  ·  ·  ·  Sulfur oxides (B01D 53/60 takes precedence)  [6]
 B01D 53/54
·  ·  ·  Nitrogen compounds  [6]
 B01D 53/56
·  ·  ·  ·  Nitrogen oxides (B01D 53/60 takes precedence)  [6]
 B01D 53/60
·  ·  ·  Simultaneously removing sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides  [6]
 B01D 53/62
·  ·  ·  Carbon oxides  [6]
 B01D 53/68
·  ·  ·  Halogens or halogen compounds  [6]
 B01D 53/70
·  ·  ·  ·  Organic halogen compounds  [6]
 B01D 53/73
·  ·  After-treatment of removed components  [6]
 B01D 53/74
·  ·  General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor (B01D 53/92 takes precedence)  [6]
 B01D 53/77
·  ·  ·  Liquid phase processes  [6]
 B01D 53/78
·  ·  ·  ·  with gas-liquid contact  [6]
 B01D 53/79
·  ·  ·  ·  Injecting reactants  [6]
 B01D 53/80
·  ·  ·  Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries  [6]
 B01D 53/81
·  ·  ·  Solid phase processes  [6]
 B01D 53/82
·  ·  ·  ·  with stationary reactants  [6]
 B01D 53/83
·  ·  ·  ·  with moving reactants  [6]
 B01D 53/84
·  ·  ·  Biological processes  [6]
 B01D 53/86
·  ·  ·  Catalytic processes  [6]
 B01D 53/88
·  ·  ·  ·  Handling or mounting catalysts  [6]
 B01D 53/90
·  ·  ·  ·  Injecting reactants  [6]
 B01D 53/92
·  ·  of engine exhaust gases (exhaust apparatus having means for purifying or otherwise treating exhaust gases F01N 3/00)  [6]
 B01D 53/94
·  ·  ·  by catalytic processes  [6]
 B01D 53/96
·  ·  Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants  [6]
P:10 B01D 57/00
Separation, other than separation of solids, not fully covered by a single other group or subclass, e.g. B03C
 B01D 57/02
·  by electrophoresis (treatment of water, waste water, sewage or sludge by electrophoresis C02F 1/469; electrophoretic production of compounds or non-metals C25B 7/00; investigating or analysing materials by using electrophoresis G01N 27/26)  [3,5]
P:0 B01D 59/00
Separation of different isotopes of the same chemical element (preventing occurrence of critical conditions when producing fissile material G21; shielding from radioactivity G21F)
 B01D 61/00 - 
B01D 71/00
Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis, ultrafiltration; Apparatus specially adapted therefor; Semi-permeable membranes or their production (separation of gases or vapours by diffusion B01D 53/22; treatment of milk by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration A23C 9/00, by electrodialysis A23C 9/00; artificial kidneys A61M 1/14; treatment of water by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis C02F 1/44, by electrodialysis C02F 1/469; apparatus for enzymology or microbiology with dialysis means C12M 1/12; production or purification of sugar juices, e.g. by osmosis, C13D 3/00; extraction of sugar from molasses, e.g. by osmosis, C13J 1/00; diaphragms for electrolysis C25B 13/00, C25C 7/00; osmosis as energy source F03G 7/00)  [5]
 B01D 61/00 - 
B01D 71/00

Note(s)

In groups B01D 61/00-B01D 71/00, in the absence of an indication to the contrary, classification is made in the last appropriate place (in respect of group B01D 71/00, see also Note (1) following that group).  [5]

P:130 B01D 61/00
Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis, ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor  [5]
 B01D 61/02
·  Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration  [5]
 B01D 61/14
·  Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration  [5]
 B01D 61/16
·  ·  Feed pretreatment  [5]
 B01D 61/18
·  ·  Apparatus therefor  [5]
 B01D 61/20
·  ·  Accessories; Auxiliary operations  [5]
 B01D 61/22
·  ·  Controlling or regulating  [5]
 B01D 61/24
·  Dialysis  [5]
 B01D 61/36
·  Pervaporation; Membrane distillation; Liquid permeation  [5]
 B01D 61/38
·  Liquid-membrane separation  [5]
 B01D 61/42
·  Electrodialysis; Electro-osmosis  [5]
 B01D 61/58
·  Multistep processes  [5]
P:140 B01D 63/00
Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes  [5]
 B01D 63/02
·  Hollow fibre modules  [5]
 B01D 63/04
·  ·  comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies  [5]
 B01D 63/06
·  Tubular membrane modules  [5]
 B01D 63/08
·  Flat membrane modules  [5]
 B01D 63/10
·  Spiral-wound membrane modules  [5]
 B01D 63/14
·  Pleat-type membrane modules  [5]
 B01D 63/16
·  Rotary, reciprocated or vibrated modules  [5]
P:120 B01D 65/00
Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes  [5]
P:110 B01D 67/00
Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus  [5]
P:100 B01D 69/00
Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor  [5]
 B01D 69/00

Note(s)

  1. In this group, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:
    • "properties" covers those of a mechanical, physical or chemical nature.  [5]
  2. Manufacturing processes, if considered of interest, are also classified in group B01D 67/00.  [5]
P:90 B01D 71/00
Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor  [5]
 B01D 71/00

Note(s)

  1. In this group, if the material is a composition it is classified according to the constituent present in highest proportion. This constituent is classified according to the last place rule (see Note before group B01D 61/00). If there is more than one constituent present in equal highest proportions, then each of these constituents is classified according to the last place rule.  [5]
  2. Manufacturing processes, if considered of interest, are also classified in group B01D 67/00.  [5]