# Survey on Use of 3D models and 3D images

## Collated Results (2020)

## Survey Contents

Click an item to jump to the responses.

## Survey respondents

ST.3 Code | Country or Office
--- | ---
AP | African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO)
AU | Australia
AZ | Azerbaijan
BE | Belgium
CA | Canada
CH | Switzerland
CL | Chile
CR | Costa Rica
CZ | Czechia
DE | Germany
DK | Denmark
EC | Ecuador
EM | European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO)
EP | European Patent Office (EPO)
ES | Spain
FR | France
GB | United Kingdom
HU | Hungary
IE | Ireland
IL | Israel
IT | Italy
JP | Japan
KR | Republic of Korea
MX | Mexico
NO | Norway
PE | Peru
RU | Russian Federation
SK | Slovakia
SX | Sint Maarten (Dutch part)
US | United States of America
UY | Uruguay

## 1.1. Does your office currently use 3D models or 3D images for IP objects within the office? If so, for which IP objects

ST.3 Code | Response | Other (please specify)
--- | --- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Trademarks Industrial designs |
AU Australia | Industrial designs |
AZ Azerbaijan | Other (please specify) | not applicable at present not applicable at present not
BE Belgium | Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |
CA Canada | Other (please specify) | We accept 3D Images for Trademarks, but do not have specialized 3D software in the office.
CH Switzerland |  |
CL Chile |  |
CR Costa Rica |  |
CZ Czechia |  |
DE Germany | Trademarks Other (please specify) | In the field of chemical structures, once in a while, applicants file lists of 3D atom coordinates.
DK Denmark |  |
EC Ecuador | Other (please specify) | No
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Trademarks Industrial designs |
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | Other (please specify) | None
ES Spain | Trademarks Industrial designs Other (please specify) | Tanto en el caso de marcas, como el de dibujos, se admiten imágenes en los formatos especificados más adelante, no modelos 3D
FR France | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) Other (please specify) | Enveloppe Soleau
GB United Kingdom | Trademarks |
HU Hungary | Trademarks Industrial designs |
IE Ireland |  |
IL Israel | Trademarks Industrial designs Other (please specify) | Only 3D images
IT Italy |  |
JP Japan | Other (please specify) | No, JPO currently doesn't use any 3D models or images.
KR Republic of Korea | Industrial designs |
MX Mexico | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |
NO Norway | Other (please specify) | If filed, treated as physical objects (goods) for trademark and design, and not part of application
PE Peru | Other (please specify) | ninguno
RU Russian Federation |  |
SK Slovakia |  |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Trademarks |
US United States of America | Trademarks Other (please specify) | Trademarks Office currently accepts 3D images and stores as 2D image. The Description of Mark references the mark as 3D. Design Patents- Other (please specify): We have interpreted the definitions in this survey to mean that "3D images" encompasses mathematical models that can be virtually manipulated in three dimensions, such as CAD drawings. For design patent applications, USPTO only accepts static 2D image files which may convey 3D features through the use of, for example, shading and perspective.
UY Uruguay | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |

## 1.2. Does your office consider using 3D models or 3D images for IP objects in the future? If so, for which IP objects

ST.3 Code | Response | Other (please specify)
--- | --- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Not sure |
AU Australia | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |
AZ Azerbaijan | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) Integrated circuit topology |
BE Belgium |  |
CA Canada | Trademarks Not sure |
CH Switzerland | Trademarks Industrial designs |
CL Chile | Trademarks |
CR Costa Rica | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) Integrated circuit topology Other (please specify) | Modelos de utilidad, otros signos distintivos
CZ Czechia | Trademarks Industrial designs |
DE Germany | Trademarks Other (please specify) | Trademarks: provided that there has been an agreement with the EUIPO, 3D models and/or 3D images are potentially possible and useful for position marks, other marks and tracer marks. Designs: there are no concrete plans for introducing 3d models. We are waiting for the developments within the amendment of European design law.
DK Denmark |  |
EC Ecuador | Trademarks Other (please specify) | Eventualmente marca holograma (sujeto a cambio de la ley)
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) |  |
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | Not sure |
ES Spain | Trademarks Industrial designs Other (please specify) | Tanto Tanto en el caso de marcas, como el de dibujos, se admiten imágenes en los formatos especificados más adelante, no modelos 3D. No se prevé en un futuro próximo la utilización de modelos 3D ni en marcas ni en diseños.
FR France | Other (please specify) | NON
GB United Kingdom | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |
HU Hungary | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) Integrated circuit topology |
IE Ireland |  |
IL Israel | Trademarks Industrial designs |
IT Italy | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |
JP Japan | Other (please specify) | JPO currently doesn't have any specific plans for all IP objects
KR Republic of Korea | Not sure |
MX Mexico | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |
NO Norway | Trademarks Industrial designs |
PE Peru | Trademarks |
RU Russian Federation | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) Integrated circuit topology |
SK Slovakia | Trademarks Industrial designs Other (please specify) | Not sure in case of patents and integrated circuit topology.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |
US United States of America | Other (please specify) | Design Patents- Other (please specify): The USPTO's existing plans for 3D models and 3D images include permitting exhibition or demonstration of such by applicants during examiner interviews, per MPEP 713.08. Future plans include studying 3D models and 3D images as they pertain to patent applications. Trademarks Office may consider using 3D images for IP objects in the future. The Office has not determined which IP object to be considered 3D images.
UY Uruguay | Trademarks Industrial designs Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) Patents in other fields of technology (e.g. Electrical engineering, Mechanical engineering, etc.) |

## 1.3. On which stages of IP objects' lifecycle does your office currently accept/implement 3D models?

ST.3 Code | Trademarks | Industrial designs | Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) | Patents (e.g. inventions and/or utility models) in other fields of technology except chemistry | Integrated circuit topology | Enveloppe Soleau | Other (please specify) | Comments
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Filing of the application | Filing of the application |  |  |  |  |  |
AU Australia |  | Filing of the application Storage |  |  |  |  |  | This is an 'optional' item at application filing.
AZ Azerbaijan |  |  |  |  |  |  | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange Other (please specify in comments) | not applicable at present
BE Belgium |  |  | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) |  |  |  | The only thing we accept in this regard are images for patents which are drawn in perspective, i.e. which indicate length, depth and height in the drawing
CA Canada |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | No 3D model formats are in use at CIPO.
CH Switzerland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CL Chile |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Actualmente INAPI no cuenta con ninguna instancia a nivel de tramitación de derechos de PI que incorpore la utilización de imágenes 3D. En el caso de patentes, modelos de utilidad y diseños industriales, la representación de volumen se efectúa mediante dibujos isométricas que pueden representar un volumen o perspectiva. Estos dibujos se reciben durante la tramitación de la solicitud y se almacenan en nuestra BD electrónica y en el expediente físico, el intercambio de la BD se realiza con los datos bibliográficos, no se hace envío de archivos.
CR Costa Rica |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Actualmente no se emplean pero a futuro se podría aceptar con la presentación de la solicitud.
CZ Czechia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
DE Germany | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  |  |
DK Denmark |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | We have not implemented 3D models in any processes within our Office
EC Ecuador |  |  |  |  |  |  | Filing of the application | Actualmente el Ecuador no utiliza 3D dentro de su sistema.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  |
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | The EPO dos not currently accept 3D models in any part of the process
ES Spain |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | La OEPM (España) no emplea modelos en 3D.
FR France |  |  |  |  |  | Filing of the application Storage |  |
GB United Kingdom | Filing of the application Storage |  |  |  |  |  |  |
HU Hungary | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  | In accordance with local regulations.
IE Ireland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
IL Israel |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Cuurrentlly we seport only 3D images and Not 3D models
IT Italy |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | At the moment we don't accept any 3d model
JP Japan | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) |  | Other (please specify in comments) | JPO doesn't have answers to this question because we don't use 3D models in the Office.
KR Republic of Korea |  | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication |  |  |  |  |  |
MX Mexico | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication |  | Filing of the application Examination |  |  | Filing of the application |
NO Norway | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) |  |  |  |  |  | Allow filing of 3D-objects/models/images, as supplement for understanding of design or trademark.
PE Peru |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Perú no utiliza ningún modelo 3D.
RU Russian Federation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SK Slovakia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication |  |  |  |  |  |  |
US United States of America |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Under the interpretation that "accept/implement" means "formally enter into an application file wrapper", USPTO does not accept or implement 3D models at any of the listed stages for design patent applications. Integrated Circuit Topology (mask works) is covered by the Semiconductor Chip Protection Act ("SCPA") of 1984, 17 U.S.C. §§ 901-14 . TM is only accepting 2D image. However, the Description of Mark can describe the 3D image of the Mark.
UY Uruguay | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication |  |  |  |

## 1.4. Does your Office carry out any image transformations? If so, for which objects and on which stages?

ST.3 Code | Trademarks | Industrial designs | Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) | Patents (e.g. inventions and/or utility models) in other fields of technology except chemistry | Integrated circuit topology | Modelos de utilidad y otros signos distintivos | Other (please specify) | Comments
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AU Australia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | N/A
AZ Azerbaijan | Filing of the application | Filing of the application | Filing of the application | Filing of the application | Filing of the application |  |  |
BE Belgium |  |  | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange |  |  |  | The transformations concern scanning applications that were filed on paper, reducing the size of files or cropping images
CA Canada |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | We do not transform images, but we accept 3D images for Trademark filings.
CH Switzerland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CL Chile |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Nuestra oficina no realiza transformaciones de imágenes.
CR Costa Rica | Storage Publication | Examination Storage Publication | Storage Publication | Storage Publication | Storage Publication | Storage Publication |  | No es claro qué se entiende por transformación de imágenes, pero sí hay converisión del formato de la imagen presentada en los casos señalados, para ajustarlo a las especificaciones de las bases de datos.
CZ Czechia | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |
DE Germany |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Trademarks: DPMA does not carry out any kind of image transformations considering the types of trademarks which are relevant for 3D models or 3D images. Any kind of transformation of the trademark representation would be a violation of applicable trademark law.
DK Denmark |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | N/A
EC Ecuador |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | No
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) |  | Filing of the application |  |  |  |  |  | In Designs, a Javascript viewer which is able to grab snapshots of the 3D model is used to create a set of image views. Only these image views are protected. In Trademarks, the e-filing accepts the 3D models file as-is without creation of image. For the publication or certificate, only the URL to the online eSearch tool is supplied (a link to the original 3D model file).
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
ES Spain |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | La OEPM (España) no realiza transformaciones de imágenes.
FR France | Publication | Publication | Publication | Publication |  |  |  | Enveloppe Soleau : pas de transformation d'image
GB United Kingdom | Filing of the application |  |  |  |  |  |  |
HU Hungary | Storage Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  |  |
IE Ireland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
IL Israel | Filing of the application Examination Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Search Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  | For Patents we have Drawing files in PDF format.
IT Italy |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
JP Japan | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) |  | Other (please specify in comments) | JPO currently doesn't use any 3D models or images for each stage.
KR Republic of Korea |  | Search Other (please specify in comments) |  |  |  |  |  | For searching and priority documents, we use 7 snapshots which are retrieved from the original 3D models.
MX Mexico |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | No
NO Norway | Filing of the application Storage Search Publication | Filing of the application Storage Search Publication |  |  |  |  |  | Limited to 2D tranformations: file type conversion, file size and resolution., thumb and publication representation creations. Plan to implement 2D rendition of 3D and video for GUI usage.
PE Peru |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | No se realiza transformaciones de imágenes.
RU Russian Federation |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
SK Slovakia |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Images filed in other formats (not formats of 3D models and 3D images) are transformated, encoded as JPEG.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
US United States of America |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | USPTO accepts PDF image files, which are transformed to TIFF files and used in examination, search, publication and data exchange systems. The originally submitted PDF image file is also available for examiners and the public. USPTO receives JPEG image files for Hague applications, which are transformed to PDF files. These files are used in examination. The files are transformed to TIFF images for search, publication and data exchange. The originally submitted JPEG and PDF image files are also available for examiners and the public to view. Trademarks does not currently conduct any transformations of image files.
UY Uruguay |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## 1.5. On which stages of IP objects' lifecycle does your office consider accepting/implementing 3D models in the future?

ST.3 Code | Trademarks | Industrial designs | Patents in chemistry as a field of technology (e.g. chemical structures, biological structures) | Patents (e.g. inventions and/or utility models) in other fields of technology except chemistry | Integrated circuit topology | Modelos de utilidad y otros signos distintivos | Other (please specify) | Comments
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Filing of the application Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Storage Search Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  |
AU Australia |  | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange |  |  |  | These are only considerations for exploration not currently scheduled for build or implementation to date.
AZ Azerbaijan | Examination Search | Examination Search | Examination Search | Examination Search |  |  |  |
BE Belgium | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure |  | Not sure | We are currently not considering this
CA Canada | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure |  | Not sure |
CH Switzerland | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Not sure | Not sure |  |  |  |
CL Chile |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | No se ha definido aún para ninguno de los IPR señalados
CR Costa Rica | Filing of the application Examination | Filing of the application Examination | Filing of the application | Filing of the application Examination | Filing of the application Examination | Filing of the application Examination |  | No obstante, será necesario valorar la capacidad de almacenamiento en las bases de datos y sevidores.
CZ Czechia | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  |
DE Germany | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  |  |
DK Denmark |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | We have not considered this yet.
EC Ecuador |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Para de esta manera implementar en todo el proceso conforme el contenido de la solicitud.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Search | Search |  |  |  |  |  | Trademark & Design Search methods: Using current methods i.e. search based on image coding and/or Image recognition using AI Search based on 3D models to evaluate: - 3D model search algorithms based on mesh, vertices, triangles… components + using AI - 3D model reconstruction from 2D images when required/useful
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |  |  | Not sure | Not sure |  |  |  |
ES Spain |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | n/a
FR France |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | AUCUN
GB United Kingdom | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |
HU Hungary | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage | Filing of the application Examination Storage | Filing of the application Examination Storage |  |  |
IE Ireland |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | We do not currently us 3D models or 3D images within the office. We do not have any plan to use them in the future.
IL Israel | Filing of the application Examination Search Publication Data exchange Not sure | Filing of the application Examination Search Publication Data exchange Not sure |  |  |  |  |  |
IT Italy | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Not sure |  |  |
JP Japan | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) | Other (please specify in comments) |  | Not sure | JPO currently doesn't have any specific plans.
KR Republic of Korea |  | Not sure |  |  |  |  |  |
MX Mexico |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
NO Norway | Filing of the application Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Storage Publication Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  | We hope to limit the need for transformation to zero: The filed object is unchanged throughout any processing and publication, except production of thumbs for GUI representations.
PE Peru | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Data exchange |  |  |  |  |  |
RU Russian Federation | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage Search Publication Data exchange | Not sure | Filing of the application Examination Storage Publication Data exchange | Filing of the application Examination Storage |  |  |
SK Slovakia | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure |  |  |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) |  | Not sure | Not sure | Not sure |  |  |  |
US United States of America |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | USPTO continues to study 3D models and 3D images in reference to patent applications and monitor progress in this area. At this point, TM is not sure when TM will start accepting 3D images and in what format. TM will continue allowing applicants to describe the 3D mark.
UY Uruguay |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## 2.1. Please describe existing practices/future plans for using 3D models and 3D images within your office

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Currently the applicant indicates whether a Trademark or Design is 3D and provides the image. The future plan is to be able to store 3D models in the database and be able to search and exchange data.
AU Australia | September 2017 IP Australia implemented transactional channel changes to allow 3D images to be provided at filing of new applications. The accepted format is a 3D pdf single page document that is only used as a visual reference and not for consideration to examination practises.
AZ Azerbaijan | Currently, there is no such practice, however, taking into account current trends, It is planned to study the possibility of using 3D models and images. Also, preparation of an action plan on implementation of 3D models and images.
BE Belgium | As indicated previously, in this regard we only accept images for patents which are drawn in perspective, i.e. which indicate length, depth and height in the drawing.
CA Canada | As of 17 July 2019, CIPO will accept trademark applications which comprise, in whole or in part, of a 3-dimension sign. The proposed practice at this time is to require the applicant to submit multiple images (PNG files) as well as a description to clearly identify the various aspects of the 3D mark (or portion of the mark). As there is currently no international standard for 3D models, the multiple image & description approach is being used however if/when a 3D standard is establish CIPO would consider updating their practice to allow for the inclusion of a 3D model as long as the software for viewing the model if publicly available. CIPO has no immediate plans in place the use of 3D models for other types of IP.
CH Switzerland | We intend to accept 3D models and 3D images in order to allow the filing of trademarks that can only be represented electronically (multimedia marks, sound trademarks). In addition, legal certainty, for example in the case of motion marks, will be increased as the object of protection is easily recognizable to third parties.
CL Chile | Como se señaló anteriormente, en la actualidad no trabajamos con imágenes 3D en INAPI. Sin embargo, se encuentra en tramitación una reforma a la ley de propiedad industrial que implicará la incorporación a nuestro sistema de marcas no tradicionales, dentro de las cuales están las marcas 3D. Para ello, en el momento de implementar la ley se deberá determinar en qué etapas se emplearán/aceptarán modelos 3D. La información que surja de las respuestas a este cuestionario por las demás oficinas de PI será un muy buen aporte para guiar el trabajo que deberá comenzar INAPI una vez aprobadas las modificaciones legales relativas a marcas 3D.
CR Costa Rica | Aún no hay directrices al respecto.
CZ Czechia | No concrete plans, but we are interested in exploring current possibilities.
DE Germany | Trademarks: In accordance with the 3D file formats currently supported by EUIPO, 3D trademark applications can be submitted at DPMA based on the 3D file formats OBJ, STL, and X3D. These formats are used throughout the different stages of lifecycle as stated in item 1.3. There are no nearer future plans for changes on the currently implemented practices. But in order to keep up with economic and technical developments we will extend the accepted file formats, if necessary.
DK Denmark | No existing or future plans for 3D models & 3D images
EC Ecuador | Actualmente el Ecuador no tiene planes para utilizar modelos e imágenes en 3D a corto plazo, más no descartamos la posibilidad de utilizar el mismo en el futuro.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Both e-Filing of trade mark and industrial design accept JPEG images and OBJ, STL, and X3D files for 3D models.
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | At the moment EPO does not support 3D models and images. EPO recognizes however that many inventions that applicants file are natively prepared and available as 3D models and the selection of an appropriate 2D perspective to render on the application requires additional effort and sometimes is also not meaningful during the Search process
ES Spain | En la actualidad, en la OEPM (España) se presentan solicitudes de marcas y diseños con imágenes en los formatos que se especifican más adelante (pero no modelos 3D). EN un futuro próximo no se prevé la utilización de modelos 3D.
FR France | Utilisation des images 3D mais pas des modèles 3D Utilisation des modèles 3D pour les enveloppes Soleau Pas de projet supplémentaire
GB United Kingdom | Our existing practice regarding 3D images for trade mark applications can be found in our Trade Marks manual on our website https://www.gov.uk/guidance/trade-marks-manual section 2.4.3 of the manual provides further details of the file formats we accept. For designs, we would require legislation to allow us to accept the filing of these kinds of images. For patents, our plans are being considered as part of our Transformation Programme. We would however have to change legislation to accept these 3D model and 3D Images as part of a patent application
HU Hungary | Currently the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office accepts 3D models and 3D images in the following file formats: .pdf, .tif, .tiff, .jpg, .jpeg, .png, .mp4, .m4a, .mpeg, .mpg,
IE Ireland | We do not currently us 3D models or 3D images within the office. We do not have any plan to use them in the future.
IL Israel | At this point were just considering the option, with out any specific plans. We want to suggest the idea to applicants and get feedbacks.
IT Italy | we are planning how to implement these models
JP Japan | JPO currently doesn't have any specific plans for all IP objects. However, particularly with regard to the filing procedures for design registration, since positive effects to improve users' convenience can be expected by adding possible options for presenting design reproductions, we are to focus on the ongoing considerations at the 3D Task Force and other relevant bodies (Design Representation Task Force, etc.) which would deal with the standardized use of 3D models/images for IP objects.
KR Republic of Korea | System improvement to reduce errors, Change the method of creating the snapshots and so on
MX Mexico | Se presentan solicitudes de: Marcas, Diseños Industriales y Patentes tecnológicas 3D o que incluyen imágenes 3D.
NO Norway | By 2020 allow 3D objects as trademarks, including web publishing with URL/URI from gazette. 3D objects must follow specified formats and other limitations (e.g. size). Due to archive regulatons (long term preservation) only ISO standards allowed. Auto extract of images for thumb generation for search applications and web functionality.
PE Peru | En un futuro nos gustaría contar con imágenes 3D para visualizar diseños industriales tridimencionales en 3D.
RU Russian Federation | At the moment we do not use 3D models and images, but we conduct research and test the possibility of support of 3D for all IP objects
SK Slovakia | The Office currently does not accept 3D models and 3D images in its practices. Taking into account existing technical tools in other areas, it can be expected, that we will use these tools for displaying of industrial property objects within a few years. It will depend also on the development of national legislation in this field.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Currently we have 3d models for shapes, three dimensional shapes (which includes three dimension product and packaging configurations), that are used to distinguish one's goods and services from those of another. Clients can send their registration form with attached their 3d image, the registration is assessed based on our local laws on formal and absolute grounds. After the applications is either registered or refused. Currently we do not have plans to implement other 3d models like industrial design, integrated circuit topology etc. This will be under review by our office within the next 5 years. Patents are regulated via Kingdom legislation and for this we will have to redirect you to the Netherlands Patent Office.
US United States of America | USPTO's existing plans for 3D models and 3D images include permitting exhibition or demonstration of such by applicants during examiner interviews, per MPEP 713.08. Future plans include studying 3D models and 3D images as they pertain to patent applications. The current practice at TM for 3D image is required to describe the 3D image in the Description of Mark field. Submit 2D image.
UY Uruguay | Se presentan solicitudes de: Marcas, Diseños Industriales y Patentes tecnológicas 3D o que incluyen imágenes 3D.

## 3.1. What laws and regulations concerning 3D models and 3D images are implemented within your jurisdiction?

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Harare Protocol on Patents and Industrial Designs and the Banjul Protocol on Marks
AU Australia | Currently no laws associated to 3D IP Rights. Changes may be considered as a part of IP Australia's Design Review Program.
AZ Azerbaijan | Currently, the legislation does not reflect provisions directly related to 3D models and 3D images.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | As of July 17, Canada (trademarks) acceded to the Madrid Protocol, Singapore Treaty, and Nice Agreement. At that time, the trademark laws and regulations were updated to allow 3D images for filing of trademark applications.
CH Switzerland | Article 10 of Swiss trademark ordinance allows the IPI to accept electronic reproductions only. The IPI may define the acceptable formats.
CL Chile | No tenemos normativa de imágenes 3D en la actualidad.
CR Costa Rica | No se tiene conocimiento de que exista normativa específicamente para modelos e imágenes en 3D.
CZ Czechia | We are not aware of any specific laws governing the area of 3D images or models in IP specifically.
DE Germany | General regulations: The German government has defined obligatory "Standards and Architectures for eGoverment Applications" ("SAGA") and guidelines for the architecture for governmental applications. These standards address the following goals: • Cost effectiveness • Agility • Openness • Security • Interoperability • Reusability • Scalability Among others, these standards define which formats should be used for accepting, storing and transmitting information, in order to guarantee that everybody is able to work with these formats and that the formats are suitable for long time archiving as this is necessary for information in intellectual property files. For 3D-models, only the following two formats are defined as potential candidates that may be used: • eXtensible 3D, Edition 2 (X3D) • Universal 3D 4th Edition (U3D) Trademark specific: • Trademark law • Trademark Ordinance • Announcement of 14 January 2019 of the readable types of data carriers at the DPMA and the formats for the representation of trade marks (Sec. 6a Trade Mark Ordinance [ https://www.dpma.de/english/our_office/publications/announcements/2019/14012019/index.html ]
DK Denmark | There are no laws/regulations concerning 3D models/images implemented.
EC Ecuador | La normativa ecuatoriana no contempla disposiciones con respecto a modelos e imágenes 3D.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Trade marks: Article 3(1) EUTMIR allows for trade marks to be represented in any appropriate form using generally accepted technology, as long as it can be reproduced on the Register in a clear, precise, self-contained, easily accessible, intelligible, durable and objective manner so as to enable the competent authorities and the public to determine with clarity and precision the subject matter of the protection afforded to its proprietor. Article 3(3)(c ) EUTMIR further specifies that for trade marks consisting of, or extending to a three-dimensional shape, including containers, packaging, the product itself of their appearance (shape mark), the mark shall be represented by submitting either a graphic reproduction of the shape, including computer-generated imaging, or a photographic reproduction. Article 3(5) states that where the representation is provided electronically, the Executive Director of the Office shall determine the formats and size of the electronic file as well as any other relevant technical specifications. EUTMIR: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv:OJ.L_.2018.104.01.0037.01.ENG&toc=OJ:L:2018:104:TOC Designs: Article 36(5)CDR and Article 4 CDIR require that the representation of the design consist in a graphic or photographic reproduction of the design, either in black and white or in colour. As such current legislation only allows for static images to be filed. However the Office allows 3D computer-animated design generating motion simulation to be used as an additional technical means of viewing the design but it does not replace conventional static views. Article 4(1)(d) CDIR states that where the application is filed by electronic means, the graphic or photographic reproduction of the designs shall be in a data format determined by the President of the Office; the manner of identifying the different designs contained in a multiple application, or the different views, shall be determined by the President of the Office; CDR & CDIR: https://euipo.europa.eu/ohimportal/en/community-design-legal-texts For both trade marks and designs: Annex 2 to Decision No EX-19-1 of the Executive Director of the Office of 18 January 2019 on communication by electronic means contains the technical requirements for attachments to electronic filing and communication. Annex 2: https://euipo.europa.eu/tunnel-web/secure/webdav/guest/document_library/contentPdfs/law_and_practice/decisions_president/EX-19-1_annex-2_en.pdf Decision N0 EX-19-1: https://euipo.europa.eu/tunnel-web/secure/webdav/guest/document_library/contentPdfs/law_and_practice/decisions_president/EX-19-1_en.pdf
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | Under the EPC no provision exists that deals with 3D models or 3D images. Drawings forming part of a patent application must be executed as black and white line drawings (see R 46 EPC). Otherwise they are formally deficient and must be re-filed. 3D models and 3D images that are not displayed as black and white line drawings would thus be formally deficient and would have to be re-filed. As to the document formats for electronic filings, the EPO currently accepts XML and PDF formats in accordance with the Administrative Instructions under the PCT, Part 7 and Annex F (see OJ EPO 2018, A45).
ES Spain | Normas nacionales, de la Unión Europea e internacionales sobre marcas y otros signos distintivos y sobre diseño industrial (dibujos y modelos industriales).
FR France | Pour les brevets : Décision du Directeur Général n°2018-156 relative aux modalités de dépôt Pour les marques : Décision du Directeur Général n° 2017-144 Pour les dessins et modèles : Décision du Directeur Général n°2017-145
GB United Kingdom | Our acceptance of 3D trade marks is governed by Section 1(1)(a) of the Trade Marks Act 1994. The patents Rules 2007 Schedule 2 part 3 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/the-patents-rules-2007-and-patents-fees-rules-2007 provides guidance on what format drawings and photographs in a patent specification must take. While there is nothing prohibiting an applicant from filing a 3D model or 3D image with their application, they will not be published and will not form part of the specification. The reason for this is that the requirements of Schedule 2 part 3 only allow for black and white photographs and drawings to be filed. For designs, we similarly do not accept 3D models or 3D images as part of the design application, as our systems do not allow us to do so. Further, Section 5 of the registered design rules 2006 https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/registered-designs-act-and-rules specify that the representation of the design must be an image no larger than A4 in size.
HU Hungary | The following laws and regulations govern the allowability of 3D models and 3D images in Hungary: - Government Decree No. 147 of 2007 (VI. 26.) on the Detailed Rules Concerning Electronic Filing of Certain Documents in Industrial Property Procedures - Decree No. 16 of 2004 (IV.27.) of the Minister of Justice (IM) on the Detailed Formal Requirements of Trademark Applications & Applications for the Protection of Geographical Indications - Government decree No. 451/2016. (XII. 19.) on the Detailed Rules of Electronic Administration. - Decree No. 19/2001 (XI.29.) of the Minister of Justice (IM) on the Detailed Formal Requirements of the Application for Design Protection - Act No. CCXXII. of 2015. on General Rules of Electronic Administration and Trust Services
IE Ireland | None
IL Israel | Desigh and Trademarks regulations
IT Italy | we haven't any specification in italian law, in future we must implement in our regulations.
JP Japan | JPO currently doesn't have any laws and regulations relating to 3D models/images.
KR Republic of Korea | Enforcement Rule of the Design Protection Act (Form3 and 4)
MX Mexico | Leyes nacionales y sus decretos reglamentarios en materia de Marcas y Patentes y Diseños Industriales. Así como los convenios Internacionales que refieran a la temática.
NO Norway | None at moment. New trademark regulations are suggested, but currently not in force.
PE Peru | No contamos con leyes específicas sobre este tema. La decisión 486, Régimen Común sobre PI y el Decreto Legislativo N° 1075 establece los requisitos en general que se deben acompañar a la solicitud de registro de marca, entre los que se incluye la reproducción de una marca cuando se trata de una marca tridimensional, figurativa entre otras. En relación a los diseños industriales: Artículo 113: se considera como diseño industrial la apariencia particular de un producto que resulte de cualquier reunión de líneas o combinación de colores o de cualquier forma externa bidimensional o tridimensional, línea, contorno, configuración, textura o material, sin que cambie el destino o finalidad de dicho producto.
RU Russian Federation | The law concerning the filing of 3D models as part of the application of IP rights objects is currently under consideration
SK Slovakia | Not yet implemented.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | At the moment we have our local laws for 3d models for shapes, three dimensional shapes which are: Merkenlandsverordening (Ordinance on Intellectual property), Merkenlandsbesluit (Decree on Intellectual Property) and for Patents this is by Kingdom legislation.
US United States of America | 37 CFR 1.91- 37 CFR 1.91 Models or exhibits not generally admitted as part of application or patent. MPEP 608.03(a)- 608.03(a) Handling of Models, Exhibits, and Specimens [R-07.2015] MPEP 713.08- 713.08 Demonstration, Exhibits, Models [R-07.2015] TM has not accepted 3DM images so therefore there is no laws or regulations. Guidance on examining 3D image has issued.
UY Uruguay | Leyes nacionales y sus decretos reglamentarios en materia de Marcas y Patentes y Diseños Industriales. Así como los convenios Internacionales que refieran a la temática.

## 8. filling, examination, publication etc.?

ST.3 Code | 4.1. Which formats of 3D models or 3D images does your office use at the moment? Does your office use the same or different formats for different stages of lifecycle | 4.2. Which formats of 3D models or 3D images does your office consider using in the future? Does your office consider using the same or different formats for different stages of lifecycle
--- | --- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Raster image | DWF, DWG
AU Australia | Single page 3D pdf which is encoded as a Universal 3D (U3D) | Universal 3D (U3D)
AZ Azerbaijan | Currently, the formats of 3D models or 3D images in our office are not used. | In the future, it is planned to use DWG and DWF formats throughout the entire examination and publication cycle. Depending on the stage, format changes are possible.
BE Belgium | PDF and JPEG | /
CA Canada | .PNG for filing (trademarks) | .PNG for other lifecycle stages for trademarks
CH Switzerland | none. | - sound marks: mp3 - multimedia marks: mp4 - motion marks: mp4 - three dimensional marks: OBJ, STL or X3D (only one) Same format for all stages of lifecycle.
CL Chile | No utilizamos, se utiliza dibujo 2D con perspectiva. | Este es un tema que aún no nos hemos planteado. Los resultados de esta encuesta nos ayudará a definir este tema.
CR Costa Rica | En la actualidad la oficina no utiliza ningun formato. | Aún no hay directrices al respecto; no obstante, se podría valorar el empleo de los formatos sugeridos en este mismo documento.
CZ Czechia | None used currently. | Same format throughout the lifecycle would be ideal given the difficulties with format conversions. Recently IPO CZ has received a suggestion from the academic field for the consideration of a format called U3D.
DE Germany | Generally Beside the officially allowed formats for filing an application, applicants can send electronic media with supporting information. Currently there is no restriction on the formats contained in these electronic media. It is unknown whether any 3D models were ever submitted via this mechanism. Trademark specific: The 3D file formats supported by DPMA are OBJ, STL, and X3D. These formats are used throughout the different stages of lifecycle as stated in item 1.3. | Generally As newer formats are regularly examined and added to our governmental standards, it can be expected that the list of allowed formats will be extended. This also applies to 3D formats. Trademarks: There are no nearer future plans for changes on the currently implemented practices. But in order to keep up with economic and technical developments we will extend the currently supported 3D file formats, as long as they comply with legal requirements. Designs: no concrete plans yet. One possibility could be to allow similar formats as for trademarks. However, considerations should also include the fact that design applications can contain up to 100 designs (multiple applications), which would result in large data volumes.
DK Denmark | None | N/A
EC Ecuador | N/A | Al no tener a corto plazo planes correspondientes a su implementación, los formatos deberían ser conforme a la disponibilidad del sistema para acoplar el mismo a la oficina.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | - 3D Formats used: OBJ, STL, X3D - The same format is used for all stages of the life cycle | See 4.3
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | N/A | EPO dos not handle at the moment any 3D format. From the 3D formats proposed by ROSPATENT in the document CWS/6/22 tabled during the CWS/7, the X3D could be a good candidate because it is an ISO standard (and XML based) and can therefore be combined with existing XML Schemas in the same way as MathML.
ES Spain | En marcas, se admiten los siguientes formatos: JPG, JPEG GIF, BMP, PNG, TIFF, TIF. En diseños, se admiten los siguientes formatos: JPG, PNG, GIF. | n/a
FR France | Pour les enveloppes Soleau (e-Soleau) : pas de restriction de format Pour les brevets, marques et dessins et modèles : format image classique (jpeg, tiff, png...) Au moment de la publication : transformation en format tiff puis pdf | Pas de changement de format envisagé à l'avenir Il est prévu d'utiliser les mêmes formats aux différents stades
GB United Kingdom | A 3D mark is one consisting of, or extending to, a three-dimensional shape, this includes representations of containers, packaging, the product itself or its appearance. The shape can be represented by a graphic representation or a photographic reproduction or a computer- generated image in 3D format in OBJ, STL or X3D, with a maximum file size of 20 MB. | Not yet defined.
HU Hungary | Currently the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office accepts 3D models and 3D images in the following file formats: .pdf, .tif, .tiff, .jpg, .jpeg, .png, .mp4, .m4a, .mpeg, .mpg, Our internal systems could handle pdf, jpg, mp4 therefore other formats are converted to these formats. | N/A (under consideration)
IE Ireland | Not applicable | We do not currently us 3D models or 3D images within the office. We do not have any plan to use them in the future.
IL Israel | We use Jpeg and Tiff format. We use the same format for all lifecycles except By publish all images our converted to Jpeg. |
IT Italy | none | Open source formats
JP Japan | JPO doesn't have answers to this question because we don't use 3D models in the Office. | First of all, we need to firm up the future vision for the introduction of 3D models/images within JPO. Then, we'll start to consider each specific requirement (including formats) for each stage in view of the convenience for both users and JPO.
KR Republic of Korea | KIPO accepts 3ds, 3dm, igs, dwg and dwf. We use the same formats for all the stages of the lifecycle. | N/A
MX Mexico | Se utiliza en todas las fases el mismo formato, que es imagen en .jpg, con todas las vistas del objeto tridimensional. | n/a
NO Norway | Only specified video, 3D, or other object, if format follows ANY ISO standard, due to national archive standards (Long time preservations). Only MPEG video formats (MPEG2 & MPEG4 is specifically recommended). Otherwise set of 2D representations may be filed with description for unique representatin of 3D shape or movement. | We will follow recommendations in WIPO standard, even if only industrial standard (Non ISO). ISO standardized formats will be supportet (X3D and STEP). We believe that central archive authority will allow industry standard if it is WIPO recommendation.
PE Peru | En la actualidad, en la Dirección de Signos Distintivos y en la Dirección de Invenciones y Nuevas Tecnologías del Indecopi, Perú, no utlizamos formatos de modelos o imágenes en 3D. | A la fecha ninguno en particular.
RU Russian Federation |  | Actually, we are testing STEP and about to use it at several 3D model lifecycle stages as an (ISO 10303); that does not mean, however, that we do not intend to support other CAD formats like STL, which has already been tested as a second file format of our 3D Platform.
SK Slovakia | The Office does not use any formats of 3D models or 3D images at the moment. |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | We are currently using 3d images which represents the object(s) displayed in three dimensions (length, depth, height), e.g. 3D photos, stereoscopy, etc. | Currently we do not have future plans (within the next 5 years) to implement other 3d models other than industrial design.
US United States of America | N/A - For design patent applications, USPTO only accepts static 2D image files | USPTO has not determined the format. Hopefully, 3D model and 3D image standard can provide a format that can be used across the board.
UY Uruguay | Se utiliza en todas las fases el mismo formato, que es imagen en .jpg, con todas las vistas del objeto tridimensional. | n/a

## 4.3. Please provide us with your suggestions and proposals on formats and reasons why you suppose them to be important (a list of formats to consider) except mentioned in items 6.1, 6.2

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) |
AU Australia | U3D was adopted by the office and will be persisted due to strong associated international standards (ISO) and compatibility to adopted tools.
AZ Azerbaijan | It is advisable to use formats that are accessible to users and that are convenient to use. The above mentioned formats are easy to use.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | For Trademarks, CIPO is of the opinion that it is preferred that an open source format be used and at least an open source viewer be available (may be a proprietary software for the creation/editing of the model). As there is currently no international standard for 3D models, the multiple image & description approach is being used however if/when a 3D standard is establish CIPO would consider updating their practice to allow for the inclusion of a 3D model as long as the software for viewing the model if publicly available. CIPO has no immediate plans in place the use of 3D models for other types of IP.
CH Switzerland | none.
CL Chile | Nos remitimos a respuesta anterior
CR Costa Rica | La oficina no cuenta con experiencia en este campo.
CZ Czechia | U3D - embeddable within PDFs (native support), meaning no special software solutions needed for viewing and basic examination of the models OBJ - widely adopted, open format, already in use by EUIPO X3D - extension of VRML format, open, already in use by EUIPO STL - popular in the fields of rapid protyping and 3D printing despite its drawbacks (poor memory and computational efficiency)
DE Germany | Generally: As we are usually obliged to stick to our governmental standards, we would be pleased to see X3D and U3D as recommended formats. Trademarks: In accordance with the 3D file formats currently supported by EUIPO, DPMA accepts OBJ, STL, and X3D for 3D trademarks. Each of them is a standardized or widely used and open file format.
DK Denmark | N/A
EC Ecuador | Se recomienda que se establezcan requisitos mínimos para los países miembros referentes a formatos 3D para facilitar su entendimiento por diferentes países, de igual manera el identificar aquellos sistemas compatibles para formatos 3D.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | 3MF to consider if requested by users + industry wide adoption. 3MF (3D Manufacturing Format) is an open source XML file format standard designed for using additive manufacturing, including information about materials, colors, and other information that can't be represented in the STL format.
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |
ES Spain |
FR France | Nous suggérons le format vidéo pour représenter les objets en 3D : plus facile d'accès que les logiciels de modélisation 3D comme CATIA
GB United Kingdom | To be considered as part of our Transformation Programme.
HU Hungary | N/A
IE Ireland | None
IL Israel |
IT Italy |
JP Japan | Not Sure.
KR Republic of Korea | From our experience, we think it would be more sufficient to allow submission of one or two standardized formats, to reduce errors.
MX Mexico |
NO Norway | STEP due to ISO standard and wide use. STL due to standardization and focus on surface/form X3D, due to standardization and beeing the most modern and versatile standardized format To be evaluated: COLLADA, widely used in games, and now an open format.
PE Peru | En caso se pudiera visualizar en 3D en un futuro, sería importante para nosotros que el sistema sea compatible con nuestro sistema nacional.
RU Russian Federation | We assume that the following formats may be considered by the TF: 3DS, 3DM, DWG, IGES, OBJ, STL, STEP, X3D. The list is not final and can be expanded.
SK Slovakia |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | 3d Images as they represent objects displayed in three dimensions (length, depth, height), e.g. 3D photos, etc. And possibly 3d models which pertains to electronic files that are created by specialized software, for mathematically representing the surface of an object in three dimensions. This would be useful for industrial designs.
US United States of America | N/A
UY Uruguay |

## 4.4. Which technical tools does your office currently use to work with 3D models (i.e. viewers, converters, etc.)? Are these standard tools commercially available, or do you consider using any special tool developed for your Office or by your Office?

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Office viewer and In-Design. These are commercially available standard tools.
AU Australia | Adobe Acrobat (3D pdf viewer)
AZ Azerbaijan | Currently our office does not use technical tools to work with 3D models
BE Belgium | Adobe reader
CA Canada | none
CH Switzerland | none.
CL Chile | Por favor, ver respuesta 4.1.
CR Costa Rica | Actualmente la oficina no cuenta con herramientas técnicas para manejar modelos en 3D.
CZ Czechia | None used currently.
DE Germany | Trademarks: DPMA's trademark system uses an HTML5 compatible standard web browser (Firefox) for the visualization of the 3D models, partially utilizing dedicated Java script libraries. File format conversions do not take place due to legal reasons.
DK Denmark | We do not work with 3D models
EC Ecuador | N/A
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | - Web browser: HTML < canvas> + WebGL - Open Source JavaScript Library: JSC3D (https://github.com/humu2009/jsc3d) - Microsoft 3D viewer
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | EPO does not currently support 3D formats.
ES Spain | No maneja modelos 3D en la actualidad
FR France | Nous ne travaillons pas avec les modèles 3D, sauf pour e-Soleau. Le contenu d'une enveloppe Soleau n'a pas vocation à être consulté, donc nous n'avons pas besoin d'un outil particulier
GB United Kingdom | None currently confirmed/defined.
HU Hungary | The HIPO uses commercially available tools (eg. Windows Media Player, Acrobat Reader, IrfanView).
IE Ireland | Not applicable
IL Israel |
IT Italy |
JP Japan | JPO doesn't have answers to this question because we don't use 3D models in the Office.
KR Republic of Korea | Cadian viewer and Autocad viewer
MX Mexico | Dado que los modelos se presentan representados con imagen en formato .jpg, se visualizan de esa forma previa conversión de la solicitud presentada a documento en pdf.
NO Norway | VLC Media Player, available for free.
PE Peru | ninguna.
RU Russian Federation | AutoCAD and Pro/Engineer were basically used while searching and comparing 3D models by the pilot platform
SK Slovakia | The Office currently does not use any technical tools in work with 3D models.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | NA
US United States of America | N/A
UY Uruguay | Dado que los modelos se presentan representados con imagen en formato .jpg, se visualizan de esa forma previa conversión de la solicitud presentada a documento en pdf.

## 4.5. Which technical tools does your office consider using in future work with 3D models (i.e. viewers, converters, etc.)? Are these standard tools commercially available, or do you consider using any special tool developed for your Office or by your Office?

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | CAD software
AU Australia | Unable to determine at this point
AZ Azerbaijan | Before developing a special tool, it is planned to use the tools such as Design Review, Autodesk Design Review.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | CIPO has not yet conducted a full assessment of options at this time.
CH Switzerland | We consider using standard tools.
CL Chile | Por favor, ver respuesta 4.2.
CR Costa Rica | Aún no hay directrices al respecto. Se requiere analizar el tema en términos generales para determinar lo que corresponda.
CZ Czechia | Adobe Acrobat (viewer with native support of U3D file format)
DE Germany | Trademarks: Currently, there are no future plans for any changes on the status quo. Designs: no concrete plans, probably similar tools as for trademarks.
DK Denmark | N/A
EC Ecuador | La oficina no dispone con herramientas correspondientes a este tema.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | See 4.6
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | Ideally X3D formats should be readable by common Web browsers without the need for plugins or applets. X3D format is designed to be as integrated into HTML5 pages as other XML standards such as MathML and SVG. Any tool that EPO will internally use to read X3D formats would likely be possible to integrate with its new IT generation tools with the minimum effort. The same for e-filing, which should potentially also be able to accept/convert other formats submitted by the applicants to the one selected by EPO
ES Spain |
FR France | AUCUN
GB United Kingdom | To be considered as part of our Transformation Programme.
HU Hungary | N/A
IE Ireland | Not applicable
IL Israel |
IT Italy | in future we consider to develop tools inside our Office
JP Japan | First of all, we need to firm up the future vision for the introduction of 3D models/images within JPO. Then, we'll start to consider each specific technical tool including whether we purchase it from the outside or newly develop it, in view of the convenience for both users and JPO.
KR Republic of Korea | N/A
MX Mexico |
NO Norway | Acsepto v11 and later. Commerciarl proprietar product by Sword-Group SA, France. VLC Media Player
PE Peru | A la fecha no se ha pensado.
RU Russian Federation | Tools are not defined yet
SK Slovakia | The Office does not use currently any technical tools in work with 3D models, but in the future we will prefer open source tools.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | We can not elaborate on this at the moment. Our office is open for progress and innovation and will keep updating and looking for new means of tools etc.
US United States of America | N/A
UY Uruguay |

## 4.6. Please provide us with your suggestions and proposals on tools and reasons why do you suppose them to be important (a list of tools to consider)

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | CAD software is user friendly and makes it easier to analyze 3D images
AU Australia | Unable to determine at this point
AZ Azerbaijan | These tools are available and easy to use.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | For Trademarks, CIPO is of the opinion that it is preferred that an open source format be used and at least an open source viewer be available (may be a proprietary software for the creation/editing of the model).
CH Switzerland | -
CL Chile | Por favor, ver respuesta 4.2.
CR Costa Rica | La oficina no cuenta con experiencia en este campo.
CZ Czechia |
DE Germany | The tools should be free, available for the public and able to process and show the formerly mentioned file formats, e.g.: • X3D -> X3DOM (https://www.x3dom.org/) • U3D -> ThreeJS (https://threejs.org/)
DK Denmark |
EC Ecuador | La oficina no dispone con herramientas correspondientes a este tema. La oficina considera pertinente que la OMPI vuelva disponible una herramienta básica para estos sistemas.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Other Javascript libraries/frameworks/converters such as Three.js and Babylon.js.
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |
ES Spain |
FR France | Il faudrait envisager des formats ouverts pour avoir des logiciels ouverts (libres d'exploitation). L'office n'entend pas prendre de licences de logiciels commerciaux, et il ne serait pas opportun de requérir l'utilisation d'un logiciel commercial chez nos utilisateurs afin de consulter les données mises en ligne.
GB United Kingdom | None currently.
HU Hungary | N/A
IE Ireland | None
IL Israel |
IT Italy |
JP Japan | Not Sure.
KR Republic of Korea | N/A
MX Mexico |
NO Norway | NA
PE Peru | Ninguna.
RU Russian Federation |
SK Slovakia | The Office does not use currently any technical tools in work with 3D models, but in the future we will prefer open source tools.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | We refer to question 4.5
US United States of America | N/A
UY Uruguay |

## 5.1. Please provide us with preferable specific file requirements? Should they be the same or different for different objects and stages (i.e. limitations and restrictions for 3D files, size (Mb) and format of 3D model for storing, processing, and sharing, etc.)

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | 5MB maximum file size
AU Australia | Universal 3D (U3D) is IP Australia preferred file type.
AZ Azerbaijan | There are currently no specific requirements.
BE Belgium | We have a 5 Mb limit for PDF and JPEG files.
CA Canada | CIPO has not yet conducted a full assessment of requirements at this time.
CH Switzerland | Maximum size of 20 MB.
CL Chile | Por favor, ver respuesta 4.2.
CR Costa Rica | La oficina no cuenta con experiencia en este campo.
CZ Czechia | We would prefer accepting a single file format that could be kept throughout the lifecycle. However given that a wide array of file formats is used within the industry, a need might arise to accept at least a few of the most popular formats during the application step. Consensus among the IP offices and organizations on one exchange format would be welcomed in order to faciliate data exchange.
DE Germany | Trademarks: DPMA's trademark system uses the same file requirements throughout all stages of lifecycle. The specifications for accepted 3D file formats are published on the DPMA's home page as follows: File format: OBJ, STL, X3D Maximum file size: 20 MB Designs: it seems reasonable to draft future requirements similar as for 3D trademarks. However, as design applications have the particularity that they can contain several design applications and therefore several representations in one application (multiple application), we would need to investigate the consequences this would have with regards to requirements, especially data volume. Additionally, the reproduction has high significance for the determination of the object of protection, with resulting requirements for the quality of reproduction, which could call for other criteria than for trademarks.
DK Denmark | We do not currently have any preference. Generally we would prefer few available formats.
EC Ecuador | Los ficheros deberían responder a las necesidades correspondientes a cada país miembro, conforme sus normativas.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | - 3D file maximum size: 2MB - Preference ASCII encoding over binary (to specify)
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | Performance, ergonomic, scalability, formats interoperability, future proof (archiving). Any tools chosen must follow the most widely used standard by the relevant industries.
ES Spain | Los ficheros anteriormente indicados para imágenes de marcas tienen las siguientes restricciones: : máximo 945 x 1417 píxeles, 300 ppp y 24 bpp. Los ficheros para imágenes de diseños, las reproducciones gráficas o fotográficas, en blanco y negro o en color, las dimensiones no excederán de 26,2x17 cm. (3094x2008 en pixeles) .
FR France | Les fichiers devraient être identiques à chaque stade, et le format devrait être ouvert. Pas de restriction de taille.
GB United Kingdom | To be considered as part of our Transformation Programme.
HU Hungary | Currently the Hungarian Intellectual Property Office accepts 3D models and 3D images in the following file formats: .pdf, .tif, .tiff, .jpg, .jpeg, .png, .mp4, .m4a, .mpeg, .mpg, The allowability of further formats is under consideration.
IE Ireland | Not applicable
IL Israel | The requriment are: size , resolution They should be the same for all objects and stages
IT Italy | At the moment our limit is 20mb
JP Japan | First of all, we need to firm up the future vision for the introduction of 3D models/images within JPO. Then, we'll start to consider each specific requirements and limitations for each stage in view of the convenience for both users and JPO.
KR Republic of Korea | Under the Design Protection Act in ROK, it is not provided the limitation of the size of the file.
MX Mexico | Nuestro sistema nacional de ingreso electrónico de la solicitud, restringe el tamaño de las imágenes recibidas. Se debería establecer una norma común a todas las oficinas, para facilitar el ingreso de la información entre las distintas oficinas de PI.
NO Norway | For any object: Recommended max size should be 5Mb, due to exchange and publisihing need.
PE Peru |
RU Russian Federation | We assume that file requirements should be different for different objects and stages
SK Slovakia |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | For 3d images there are no restrictions. The object has to be clearly displayed in three dimensions (length, depth, height).
US United States of America | N/A
UY Uruguay | Nuestro sistema nacional de ingreso electrónico de la solicitud, restringe el tamaño de las imágenes recibidas. Se debería establecer una norma común a todas las oficinas, para facilitar el ingreso de la información entre las distintas oficinas de PI.

## 5.2. In your opinion, what would be the main requirements when choosing 3D file formats (open source, wide spread adoption, etc.)

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Wide spread adoption, availability and affordability
AU Australia | Availability to public, compatibility with 3D viewing tools, Size and storage
AZ Azerbaijan | Open source, wide spread adoption are important.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | CIPO has not yet conducted a full assessment of options at this time. The tool must be able to display all aspects of the 3D model. The viewer tool must also be available to the general public so that any third party may view the 3D model. A viewer must be readily available and free of charge to the general public.
CH Switzerland | Open source, wide spread adoption, tool availability to work with the files.
CL Chile | Por favor, ver respuesta 4.2.
CR Costa Rica | La oficina no cuenta con experiencia en este campo.
CZ Czechia | open source, easily parsed (XML based), platform ambiguous, already in use by the industry
DE Germany | Generally: Beside the restrictions of our architectural guidelines and the overall requirement that the format must be able to express models in a complexity suitable for the different IP rights, the following requirements must be fulfilled for the format and the tools necessary to work with these formats: - The format must be open, well documented and standardized - The format and its standard must be stable and well suitable for longtime archiving - The format must be widely adopted by 3D applications, i.e. these applications have to have lossless exporters from the internal, usually proprietary format into these standardized formats - Lightweight and free viewers have to be available to work with these formats. These viewers have to be accessible for the IP offices as well as for public users! Therefore, ease of use and a non-discriminating access to these viewers (e.g. no restriction to a certain operating system) are basic requirements. Typically, these requirements are only fulfilled by browser based tools. - These viewers must be able to show the whole information contained in the model, i.e. no information may be lost due to missing features of the viewer. Otherwise the content of the application may not be disclosed completely. - If formats allowed for application, do not conform to the rules of a certain country, reliable and lossless converters must be available in order to convert these formats to the internally used formats. Trademarks: WIPO should choose the 3D file formats the EUIPO and all the European offices agreed upon in the Common Communications (https://euipo.europa.eu/ohimportal/de/news/-/action/view/3941045). Which are common and well known to the users. Designs: a format should be chosen with is widely used and well accepted in the relevant fields of industry. As the majority of design applicants at the DPMA are SMEs and one time applicants (designers, free lancers, students etc.), a format should be chosen which can be generated through low cost means, and which does not require "professional" types of software.
DK Denmark | Wide spread adoption, preferable open source or other non proprietary formats.
EC Ecuador | N/A
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Browser support, wide spread adoption, open source (no license), simplicity
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | Wide spread adoption
ES Spain | La OEPM considera importante la adopción de formatos adoptados de forma generalizada por las oficinas de PI, para facilitar el intercambio de datos y la homegeneidad de procedimientos. Adicionalmente, el uso de código abierto facilita la evolución y mantenimiento de los sistemas
FR France | Le format ouvert est à privilégier, pour les raisons déjà évoquées ci-dessus
GB United Kingdom | To be considered as part of our Transformation Programme.
HU Hungary | There is no preference.
IE Ireland | Not applicable
IL Israel | The ability of displaying the image on web browser with HTML5
IT Italy | Open source format
JP Japan | Same as above.
KR Republic of Korea | This could be varied by the user.
MX Mexico |
NO Norway | All: ISO standard TM/DS: Wide adoption within field (of design, gaming, or where 3D usage with focus on the human recognizable form/view) PT: Wide adoption within technical design (CAD).
PE Peru | Una que se compatible.
RU Russian Federation | In our opinion, basic wide spreaded 3D vector formats are worth considering.
SK Slovakia | Compatibility with open standards.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | No comment at the moment.
US United States of America | For TM, In my opinion, the main requirement shall be adaptable and widely supportable
UY Uruguay |

## 5.3. In your opinion, what would be the main requirements when choosing tools for working with 3D files?

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Ease of use, affordability and availability
AU Australia | Proper investigation into the use of 3D tools is still required to build out comprehensive requirements. Some high level consideration have included: - Conversation to black/white scale (replicating technical drawings) - 3D to 2D specification/drawing creation - Proprietary vs open - Native vs vendor neutral - Lossy vs non-lossy (Compression)
AZ Azerbaijan | It is difficult to answer this question without conducting appropriate tests.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | For Trademarks, CIPO is of the opinion that it is preferred that an open source format be used and at least an open source viewer be available (may be a proprietary software for the creation/editing of the model). The tool must be able to display all aspects of the 3D model. The viewer tool must also be available to the general public so that any third party may view the 3D model. A viewer must be readily available and free of charge to the general public. CIPO has not yet conducted a full assessment of requirements at this time.
CH Switzerland | The tools must be available as a service to be able to be integrated in our business processes.
CL Chile | Por favor, ver respuesta 4.2.
CR Costa Rica | La oficina no cuenta con experiencia en este campo.
CZ Czechia | Price and availiability, ease of use
DE Germany | Generally Beside the requirements mentioned above, lightweight viewer applications are needed for a tight integration into our IP management applications and our workflows. Our application should be able to control the viewer and ideally embed the viewer into our electronic workbench. This is not true for heavyweight 3D applications that are used to create these models. Users would be forced to open these applications manually as an external application, search and load the models into the application manually, etc. Publication must be possible in DPMA´s electronic register, and the tools used for display need to guarantee that object is represented as it was filed and registered. Representation needs to be unmodifiable, and invariable on all viewers, (particularly for designs). Formats must meet the requirement of clear and distinct representation. Trademark specific: That WIPO chooses the tools which the EUIPO and the member states agreed upon in the Common Communications.
DK Denmark | Cost, licensing, low technical requirements. Easy distributable.
EC Ecuador | Su compatibilidad con la mayor cantidad de sistemas.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Same as 5.2
EP European Patent Office (EPO) | see 5.1
ES Spain | Que sean aceptadas o compatibles con todos los sistemas nacionales de registro
FR France | La principale exigence serait d'avoir un outil ouvert, pour les raisons déjà évoquées ci-dessus
GB United Kingdom | To be considered as part of our Transformation Programme.
HU Hungary | There is no preference.
IE Ireland | Not applicable
IL Israel | Convenience of use
IT Italy | Open source tools
JP Japan | Same as above.
KR Republic of Korea | This could be varied by the user.
MX Mexico | Que sean aceptadas o compatibles con todos los sistemas nacionales de registro.
NO Norway | Price and file coverage, ability to convert between formats, ability to save 2D snaps. Support for web publishing.
PE Peru |
RU Russian Federation | The tool that IPO will use to view 3D models at the examination stage must be available and support all formats that will be selected by IPO. This question requires further research, as well as what tools should be used at other stages of the life cycle including tools for converting some 3D formats to others, if necessary.
SK Slovakia | Open source, easy to use, cost free, compatible with citrix xenapp.
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Easily accessible, easy to use, object has to be clearly displayed in three dimensions, zoom in and out possibility.
US United States of America | For TM, In my opinion, the requirement for tool shall be free for viewing, backward compatible, open source for editing.
UY Uruguay | Que sean aceptadas o compatibles con todos los sistemas nacionales de registro.

## 6.1. Which specific advantages and/or drawbacks do you expect from 3D models and 3D images regarding search, for instance prior art search?

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | It can slow down the system, it might not be very accurate and retrieval of applications filed before implementation would be difficult.
AU Australia | - Increase standard for inventive step. - Encourage technological innovation. - 3D files remove ambiguity existing in 2D images. - Higher legal certainty. - Better customer searching tools from publishing 3D images.
AZ Azerbaijan | Application of the 3D models and 3D images may facilitate more detailed information during the examination.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | CIPO has not evaluated the use of 3D models and 3D images regarding search.
CH Switzerland | The 3D models or 3D images should be classified in order to enable a search.
CL Chile | Este tema es nuevo para INAPI por lo que carecemos de una opinión basada en la experiencia, sino que más bien en las expectativas. Esperamos que los modelos 3D ayuden a facilitar la búsqueda de los IPR , ayuden además a tener una mejor perspectiva del estado del arte, aporten mayor y mejor información para los casos de registro de marcas y que sean útiles como medios de prueba.
CR Costa Rica | La oficina no cuenta con experiencia en este campo. No obstante, sería necesario comparar las imágenes y modelos en 3D de la solicitud en estudio con imágenes convencionales bidimensionales disponibles en el estado de la técnica.
CZ Czechia | Advantages: unambiguity, potential to employ advanced statistical methods within prior art search (e.g. machine learning), future proofing Drawbacks: complexity, difficult implementation, cost
DE Germany | Trademarks: There is no such thing as prior art search in the German Trademark law. But 3D models and 3D image can help to determine the scope of protection of a trademark or improve the assessment of similarity of trademarks. Designs: no search on designs at DPMA.
DK Denmark | In relation to prior art search the advantages/drawbacks widely depend on the search tools. If 3 models/images comply with common standards it is expected that search tools based on these common standards will be available. This will make it possible to do very precise prior art searches. On the other hand if such standards is not available it will not bring advantages to the same extent.
EC Ecuador | ventajas: mayor claridad en perspectiva de diseño que facilitaría la búsqueda y el análisis. inconveniente: no disponer de infraestructura ni formación para su complementación y correcto análisis.
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | No search based on 3D files yet but only on JPEG images and coding. Specific advantages and/or drawbacks will be seen when evaluating search on 3D files.
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |
ES Spain |
FR France | Avantage : permettre une meilleure visualisation des inventions Inconvénient : les informations pertinentes peuvent être dissimulées sur le modèle 3D (au lieu d'être explicitées sur un plan 2D) ce qui peut générer une perte de temps pour l'examinateur si il doit manipuler le modèle 3D
GB United Kingdom | No specific comments.
HU Hungary | Not yet explored.
IE Ireland | Not applicable
IL Israel | The advantages is easier for exmaning and understanding the product.
IT Italy |
JP Japan | Not Sure.
KR Republic of Korea | KIPO currently uses snapshots of the 3D models for the prior art search. This means that we need to do additional processes to create thumbnails and several views of the 3D models, which cases time and cost consumption since we make those snapshots by internal staff.
MX Mexico | En cuanto a ventajas, se esperaría la disminución del tiempo de examen y optimización de los recursos
NO Norway | There is a demand to create - at least semi automated - 2D-representations from filed 3D object files. TM: Our image recognition search based on ML will not cover 3D objects. Instad we will generate up to four representatble 2D- images that can be individually search and be search. Automation of 2D-representation may be useless, hence may need additional resources for manual rendering assitance. TM & DS: 2D representations will be used for manual search. Traditional CAD images in 3D may not be accepted since they do not represent the human vision of the object.
PE Peru | Pensamos que este tipo de formato facilitaría las búsquedas de los examinadores de la Dirección de Invenciones y Nuevas Tecnologías del Indecopi.
RU Russian Federation | We expect that the use of 3D models will make the description of the object for IPR more clear for an examiner.
SK Slovakia |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | It may be challenging to find similar objects or models due to it being 3D. But with the dynamics in innovation, it is something that could be regulated.
US United States of America | N/A
UY Uruguay | En cuanto a ventajas, se esperaría la disminución del tiempo de examen y optimización de los recursos

## 6.2. Do you expect that applicants will comply to provide 3D models which fulfill the defined standards?

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | Yes
AU Australia | IP Australia has received 200 (from Jul 2017 - Nov 2019) 3D design submissions (195 new applications, 5 requests to amend) in our 'optional' filing service. We suspect applicants will comply if filing requirements are made mandatory as long as standards are non-restrictive.
AZ Azerbaijan | In the early stages, certain difficulties are possible, but over time, applicants will have a more accurate picture on defined standards.
BE Belgium | /
CA Canada | CIPO has not yet consulted with applicants on this topic.
CH Switzerland | We are not in a position to make a prediction on this.
CL Chile | Esto deberá establecerse en el reglamento que implemente la nueva ley de propiedad industrial, el que deberá ser cumplido por los solicitantes de IPR.
CR Costa Rica | Actualmente la oficina no cuenta con normas definidas, pero los modelos que se reciban deben ajustarse a los medios disponibles. En el futuro la oficina valorará la posibilidad de ajustar sus sistemas y equipos a las nuevas tendencias.
CZ Czechia | Industry leaders might adopt well to the new practice, but overall we don't expect fast adoption.
DE Germany | Trademark specific: Yes, because 3D trademark applications that do not comply with the accepted file formats will be rejected. For certain areas of expertise, i.e. flow visualization or advanced engineering purposes etc., the commonly used formats seem to be too low level to contain those types of information needed for expressing certain information. High level models are commonly used, but are proprietary and do not lend themselves to lossless conversion into common models. For certain areas, therefore, we do not expect that applicants would make use of the possibility of providing 3D models.
DK Denmark | Based on prior experience with implementing formats/standards it will take some time to get full compliance. Especially from private applicants/unrepresented SMEs
EC Ecuador | Si
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | Yes
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |
ES Spain |
FR France | NON Nous ne sommes pas certains que nos déposants y parviennent.
GB United Kingdom | We would require them to comply with the defined standards.
HU Hungary | No.
IE Ireland | Not applicable
IL Israel | Of course If it will be a easy and convenint option
IT Italy |
JP Japan | Not Sure.
KR Republic of Korea | Mostly yes, but not always. Sometimes when applicants use the old version of the 3D software and it occurs errors. We experienced 2 cases out of 3,824 in 2018.
MX Mexico | Si.
NO Norway | Yes, otherwise more costly duration of application processing time. We will refuse applications based on non-reproducable file formats.
PE Peru | no
RU Russian Federation | Yes. Besides we've sent the questionnaire to the top 20 applicants for each of objects for IPR in order to get their opinions about preferable formats and tools. Their answers will be taken into account.
SK Slovakia |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Yes. To register their model and have protection to the fullest extend, applicants are usually well aware that they should register and/or fulfill the standards to receive said protection.
US United States of America | N/A
UY Uruguay | si

## 7.1. Do you have any other comments?

ST.3 Code | Response
--- | ---
AP African Regional Intellectual Property Organization (ARIPO) | No.
AU Australia |
AZ Azerbaijan | No other comments
BE Belgium | As for trademarks and designs, the Benelux Office for Intellectual Property would be open to, for example, European initiatives which explore the possibilities of using 3D images or models.
CA Canada | CIPO is seeking to learn from other IPOs on options for formats and tools as we hope to standardize.
CH Switzerland | none.
CL Chile | INAPI está muy interesado en el resultado de este cuestionario, ya que será de gran ayuda al momento de implementar la nueva normativa de marcas 3D que se espera sea aprobada este año. Aún no se ha desarrollado internamente la regulación que aplicaremos, por lo que ver qué se está haciendo por otras oficinas será muy ilustrativo.
CR Costa Rica |
CZ Czechia | Unless 3D models are required when submitting an application (such a requirement is not realistic in our opinion), the advantages described in 6.1. might have limited impact.
DE Germany |
DK Denmark |
EC Ecuador |
EM European Union Intellectual Property Office (EUIPO) | It would be useful to create a reference database of 3D models for the evaluation of tools/algorithms, test, training (AI), etc.
EP European Patent Office (EPO) |
ES Spain |
FR France | Les images et vidéos semblent suffire pour nos utilisateurs, et ne doivent pas être déposés dans un format spécifique
GB United Kingdom |
HU Hungary | N/A
IE Ireland | None
IL Israel |
IT Italy |
JP Japan | No comments.
KR Republic of Korea |
MX Mexico |
NO Norway |
PE Peru | ninguno
RU Russian Federation |
SK Slovakia |
SX Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | No other comments.
US United States of America | None
UY Uruguay |