IPC 7 English version G06K !A-G06K 21/08

G06K-G06K02108

SECTION G – PHYSICS

G 06

COMPUTING; CALCULATING; COUNTING (score computers for games A63B 71/06, A63D 15/20, A63F 1/18; combinations of writing implements with computing devices B43K 29/08)

G 06 K

RECOGNITION OF DATA; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS (postal sorting B07C; secondary surveillance radar G01S; detecting presence of transponders or tags G01S, G01V)

Notes

(1)

This subclass covers:

–

marking, sensing, and conveying of record carriers;

–

recognising characters or other data;

–

presenting visually or otherwise the data recognised or the result of a computation.m

(2)

This subclass does not cover printing per se.

Subclass Index

READING

Characters; graphs

G06K 9/00; G06K 11/00

RECOGNISING

Characters; patterns

G06K 9/00

CONVERTING POSITION OF MANUAL WRITING OR TRACING MEMBER INTO SIGNALS

G06K 11/00

PERMANENT VISUAL PRESENTATION OF OUTPUT DATA

G06K 15/00

MARKING, PRINTING-OUT

VERIFYING

SENSING

CONVEYING

COMBINATIONS OF OPERATIONS COVERED BY TWO OR MORE OF THE PRECEDING GROUPS

G06K 17/00

RECORD CARRIERS, PUNCHED CARDS

G06K 19/00, G06K 21/00

Methods or arrangements for marking the record carrier in digital fashion (interpreting G06K 3/02)

by punching (punching in general B26F)

controlled by sensing markings on the record carrier being punched (sensing of record carriers G06K 7/00)

High-speed punches, e.g. controlled by electric computer

Manually-controlled devices

Card punches

Tape punches (specially adapted for a particular purpose, see the relevant subclass, e.g. for transmission of digital information H04L)

otherwise than by punching (printing in general B41, e.g. B41J)

by transferring data from a similar or dissimilar record carrier

by reproducing data from one punched card on to one or more punched cards without the code representation, i.e. duplicating

by transferring data from one type of record carrier on to another type of record carrier, e.g. from magnetic tape to punched card

Simultaneous marking of record carrier and printing-out of data, e.g. printing-punch

Simultaneous marking and printing on different record carriers, e.g. on different types of record carrier

Methods or arrangements for printing of data in the shape of alphanumeric or other characters from a record carrier, e.g. interpreting, printing-out from a magnetic tape

Translating markings on a record carrier into printed data on the same record carrier, i.e. interpreting

Methods or arrangements for verifying the correctness of markings on a record carrier; Column-detection devices

the verifying forming a part of the marking action

Verifying the alignment of markings

Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers (G06K 9/00 takes precedence)

Details

015

Aligning or centring of the sensing device with respect to the record carrier (in general G11B)

016

Synchronisation of sensing process (in general G11B)

by pneumatic or hydraulic means, e.g. sensing punched holes with compressed air; by sonic means

by mechanical means, e.g. by pins operating electric contacts

by means which conduct current when a mark is sensed or absent, e.g. contact brush for a conductive mark

by means detecting the change of an electrostatic or magnetic field, e.g. by detecting change of capacitance between electrodes

by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation

using a selected wavelength, e.g. to sense red marks and ignore blue marks

using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light

Methods or arrangements for reading or recognising printed or written characters or for recognising patterns, e.g. fingerprints (processing or analysis of tracks of nuclear particles G01T 5/02; testing patterns on paper currency or similar valuable papers G07D 7/20; speech recognition G10L 15/00) [1,7]

Detection or correction of errors, e.g. by rescanning the pattern [3]

using printed characters having additional code marks or containing code marks, e.g. the character being composed of individual strokes of different shape, each representing a different code value

Image acquisition [3]

using hand-held instruments [3]

Construction of the instrument [3]

using a slot moved over the image [3]

using discrete sensing elements at predetermined points [3]

using automatic curve following means [3]

Aligning or centering of the image pick-up or image-field [3]

Segmentation of touching or overlapping patterns in the image field [3]

Image preprocessing, i.e. processing the image information without deciding about the identity of the image (image data processing or generation, in general G06T) [3]

Note

Group G06K 9/58 takes precedence over groups G06K 9/38 to G06K 9/56. [3]

Quantising the analogue image signal [3]

Noise filtering [3]

Normalisation of the pattern dimensions [3]

Smoothing or thinning of the pattern [3]

Extraction of features or characteristics of the image [3]

by coding the contour of the pattern [3]

by analysing segments intersecting the pattern [3]

by deriving mathematical or geometrical properties from the whole image [3]

Combinations of preprocessing functions [3]

using a local operator, i.e. means to operate on an elementary image point in terms of the immediate surroundings of this point [3]

using optical means [3]

Combination of image acquisition and preprocessing functions [3]

Methods or arrangements for recognition using electronic means (learning machines G06F 15/18; digital correlation G06F 17/15; analogue correlation G06G 7/19) [3]

using simultaneous comparisons or correlations of the image signals with a plurality of references, e.g. resistor matrix [3]

references adjustable by an adaptive method, e.g. learning [3]

using sequential comparisons of the image signals with a plurality of reference, e.g. addressable memory [3]

the selection of the next reference depending on the result of the preceding comparison [3]

using context analysis based on the provisionally recognised identity of a number of successive patterns, e.g. a word [3]

Arrangements for recognition using optical reference masks (optical analogue correlation G06E 3/00) [3]

using holographic masks [3]

Combination of image acquisition and recognition functions [3]

Combination of image preprocessing and recognition functions [3]

using optical means in one or both functions [3]

11/

Methods or arrangements for graph-reading or for converting the pattern of mechanical parameters, e.g. force or presence, into electrical signals (combined with character or pattern recognition G06K 9/00; feelers for copying devices on machine tools B23Q 35/00; arrangements for measuring areas G01B; measuring force G01L; adapted as input devices to computers G06F 3/00; systems for transmitting the position of an object with respect to a predetermined reference system, e.g. tele-autographic system, G08C 21/00) [2]

11/

Automatic curve followers

11/

using an auxiliary scanning pattern [2]

11/

Devices for converting the position of a manually-operated writing or tracing member into an electrical signal [3]

11/

using opto-electronic means [5]

11/

using sets of wires, e.g. crossed wires (G06K 11/12 takes precedence) [5]

11/

using resistive elements, e.g. a single continuous surface or two parallel surfaces put in contact [5]

11/

using propagating acoustic waves [5]

11/

using other specific means, e.g. capacitive, piezo-electric, electromagnetic [5]

11/

Hand-held sensing devices, e.g. light-pen, joystick, mouse, tracing-ball (accessories for games using an electronically generated display A63F 13/02) [5]

11/

Control means for sensing devices [5]

13/

Conveying record carriers from one station to another, e.g. from stack to punching mechanism (transport devices in general B65G)

13/

the record carrier having longitudinal dimension comparable with transverse dimension, e.g. punched card

13/

Details, e.g. flaps in card-sorting apparatus

13/

Capstans; Pinch rollers

13/

Guiding cards; Checking correct operation of card-conveying mechanisms [2]

13/

063

Aligning cards [2]

13/

067

Checking presence, absence, correct position, or moving status of cards [2]

13/

Transporting of cards between stations

13/

073

with continuous movement [2]

13/

077

with intermittent movement; Braking or stopping movement [2]

13/

Feeding or discharging cards

13/

from magazine to conveying arrangement

13/

103

using mechanical means [2]

13/

107

using pneumatic means [2]

13/

from conveying arrangement to magazine

13/

Card magazines, e.g. pocket, hopper (card magazines in general B42F)

13/

Handling flexible sheets, e.g. cheques

13/

the record carrier being longitudinally extended, e.g. punched tape (features of interest apart from data processing G11B; magnetic-tape drive G11B 15/00)

13/

Details

13/

Capstans; Pinch rollers

13/

Guiding of record carriers; Recognising end of record carrier

13/

Winding-up or unwinding of record carriers; Driving of record carriers [2]

13/

continuously [2]

13/

intermittently [2]

15/

Arrangements for producing a permanent visual presentation of the output data [3]

15/

using printers (printers per se B41J)

15/

by rack-type printers

15/

by type-wheel printers

15/

by continuously-rotating-type-wheel printers, e.g. rotating-type-drum printers [2]

15/

by flight printing with type font moving in the direction of the printed line, e.g. chain printers

15/

by matrix printers

15/

by photographic printing

15/

by electrographic printing, e.g. xerography; by magnetographic printing

15/

Means for paper feeding or form feeding

15/

using plotters (plotters per se B43L 13/00) [3]

17/

Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of the preceding main groups, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations

19/

Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings (record carriers adapted for controlling specific machines, see the appropriate subclass for the machine, e.g. B23Q, D03C, G10F, H04L; form printing B41; file cards B42F 19/00; record carriers in general G11)

19/

characterised by the selection of materials, e.g. to avoid wear during transport through the machine

19/

characterised by the shape

19/

characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code

19/

063

the carrier being marginally punched or notched, e.g. having elongated slots [5]

19/

067

Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards (using a coded card to authorise calls from a telephone set H04M 1/675) [5]

19/

with integrated circuit chips [5]

19/

073

Special arrangements for circuits, e.g. for protecting identification code in memory (protection against unauthorised use of computer memory G06F 12/14) [5]

19/

077

Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier [5]

19/

using markings of different kinds in the same record carrier, e.g. one marking being sensed by optical and the other by magnetic means

19/

at least one kind of marking being used for authentication, e.g. of credit or identity cards (verification of coded identity or credit cards in mechanisms actuated by them G07F 7/12) [5]

19/

the marking being sensed by magnetic means [5]

19/

the marking being sensed by radiation [5]

19/

the marking being a hologram or diffraction grating [5]

19/

Constructional details [5]

21/

Information retrieval from punched cards designed for manual use or handling by machine (G06K 19/00 takes precedence); Apparatus for handling such cards, e.g. marking or correcting

21/

in which coincidence of markings is sensed mechanically, e.g. by needle

21/

in which coincidence of markings is sensed optically, e.g. peek-a-boo system

21/

Apparatus or tools adapted for slotting or otherwise marking information-retrieval cards (tools for perforating in general B26F)

21/

Apparatus or tools for correcting punching or slotting errors [2]