IPC 7 English version G01K !A-G01K 19/00

G01K-G01K01900

SECTION G – PHYSICS

G 01

MEASURING (counting G06M); TESTING

G 01 K

MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR (sensing temperature changes for compensating measurements of other variables or for compensating readings of instruments for variations in temperature, see G01D or relevant subclass for variable measured; radiation pyrometry G01J; investigating or analysing materials by use of thermal means G01N 25/00; compound sensitive elements, e.g. bimetallic, G12B 1/02)

Notes

(1)

In this subclass, the following term is used with the meaning indicated:

–

"thermometer" includes thermally-sensitive elements not provided for in other subclasses.

(2)

Attention is drawn to the Notes following the title of class G01.

Subclass Index

MEASURING TEMPERATURE

characterised by principle of operation

G01K 5/00, G01K 7/00, G01K 9/00, G01K 11/00

Thermometers giving an indication other than the instantaneous value

G01K 3/00

Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometers

G01K 1/00

Adaptations of thermometers for specific purposes

G01K 13/00

Testing and calibrating of thermometers

G01K 15/00

MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; TESTING AND CALIBRATING OF CALORIMETERS

G01K 17/00; G01K 19/00

Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer (circuits for reducing thermal inertia G01K 7/42) [6]

Special applications of indicating or recording means, e.g. for remote indications

Scales

Arrangements for facilitating reading, e.g. illumination, magnifying glass

Protective devices, e.g. casings

for preventing chemical attack

for preventing damage due to heat overloading

Supports; Fastening devices; Mounting thermometers in particular locations

Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element

for reducing thermal inertia

Compensating for effects of temperature changes other than those to be measured, e.g. changes in ambient temperature

by means of fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the fluid

by means of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strips

Compensating for effects of pressure changes

Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature (G01K 7/42 takes precedence) [6]

giving mean values; giving integrated values

in respect of time

in respect of space

giving differences of values (using thermo-electric elements G01K 7/02); giving differentiated values

in respect of time, e.g. reacting only to a quick change of temperature

based upon expansion or contraction of materials

in respect of space

Measuring temperature based on the expansion or contraction of a material (G01K 9/00 takes precedence; giving other than momentary value of temperature G01K 3/00; of vapour arising from a liquid G01K 11/02; thermally-actuated switches H01H)

the material being a liquid (contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the material G01K 5/32)

Details

Arrangements for driving back the liquid column

Capillary tubes

Containers for the liquid

Selection of liquid compositions

the liquid displacing a further liquid column or a solid body (for maximum or minimum indication G01K 5/20)

with electric contacts

with electric conversion means for final indication

with means for indicating a maximum or a minimum or both (G01K 5/22 takes precedence)

with provision for expansion indicating over not more than a few degrees, e.g. clinical thermometer

with provision for measuring the difference between two temperatures

with provision for adjusting zero point of scale, e.g. Beckmann thermometer

the material being a gas (contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the material G01K 5/32)

the gas displacing a liquid column

the material being a fluid contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the material (under pressure developed by evaporation G01K 11/04; pressure-measuring devices in general G01L)

the body being a capsule (G01K 5/36, G01K 5/42 take precedence)

the body being a tubular spring, e.g. Bourdon tube

of spiral formation

of helical formation

the body being a bellows

the body being a cylinder and piston

with electric conversion means for final indication

the material being a solid

arranged for free expansion or contraction

with electrical conversion means for final indication

consisting of pivotally-connected elements

constrained so that expansion or contraction causes a deformation of the solid

the solid body being constrained at more than one point, e.g. rod, plate, diaphragm (G01K 5/62 takes precedence)

the body being a flexible wire or ribbon

the solid body being formed of compounded strips or plates, e.g. bimetallic strip

Details of the compound system

Selection of composition of the components of the system

Shape of the system

specially adapted for indicating or recording

with electric transmission means for final indication

Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat (giving results other than momentary value of temperature G01K 3/00; measuring electric or magnetic variables G01R)

using semiconducting elements having PN junctions (G01K 7/02, G01K 7/16, G01K 7/30 take precedence) [6]

using thermo-electric elements, e.g. thermo-couples (thermo-electric or thermo-magnetic devices per se H01L 35/00, H01L 37/00)

the object to be measured not forming one of the thermo-electric materials

the thermo-electric materials being arranged one within the other with the junction at one end exposed to the object, e.g. sheathed type

the object to be measured forming one of the thermo-electric materials, e.g. pointed type

Arrangements for compensating for auxiliary variables, e.g. length of lead

Arrangements with respect to the cold junction, e.g. preventing influence of temperature of surrounding air

Circuits for cold-junction compensation [6]

Arrangements for modifying the output characteristic, e.g. linearising

using resistive elements (resistive elements per se H01C, H01L)

the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer (G01K 7/26 takes precedence)

in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit

for modifying the output characteristic, e.g. linearising [6]

the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor (G01K 7/26 takes precedence)

in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit

for modifying the output characteristic, e.g. linearising [6]

the element being an electrolyte

in a specially-adapted circuit, e.g. bridge circuit

using thermal noise of resistances or conductors

using change of resonant frequency of a crystal

using capacitative elements (capacitors per se H01G)

using magnetic elements, e.g. magnets, coils (magnetic elements per se H01F)

the variations of temperature influencing the magnetic permeability

using ionisation of gases

Circuits for reducing thermal inertia; Circuits for predicting the stationary value of temperature [6]

Measuring temperature based on movements caused by redistribution of weight, e.g. tilting thermometer (not giving momentary value of temperature G01K 3/00)

11/

Measuring temperature based on physical or chemical changes not covered by group G01K 3/00, G01K 5/00, G01K 7/00, or G01K 9/00

11/

using evaporation or sublimation, e.g. by observing boiling

11/

from material contained in a hollow body having parts which are deformable or displaceable under the pressure developed by the vapour

11/

using melting, freezing, or softening

11/

of disposable test bodies, e.g. cone

11/

using sintering

11/

using change of colour or translucency (G01K 11/32 takes precedence; heat-sensitive sheets for use in thermography B41M 5/00) [6]

11/

of inorganic materials

11/

of organic materials

11/

of materials which change translucency

11/

using thermoluminescent materials (G01K 11/32 takes precedence) [6]

11/

using measurement of acoustic effects

11/

of the velocity of propagation of sound

11/

of resonant frequencies

11/

using measurements of density (measuring density in general G01N)

11/

using measurement of the effect of a material on X-radiation, gamma radiation or particle radiation [5]

11/

using changes in transmission, scattering or fluorescence in optical fibres [6]

13/

Adaptations of thermometers for specific purposes

13/

for measuring temperature of moving fluids or granular materials capable of flow

13/

for measuring temperature of moving solid bodies

13/

in linear movement

13/

in rotary movement

13/

for measuring temperature within piled or stacked materials (by special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element G01K 1/16)

13/

combined with sampling devices for measuring temperatures of samples of material

15/

Testing or calibrating of thermometers

17/

Measuring quantity of heat (measuring temperature by calorimetry G01K 3/00 to G01K 11/00; specially adapted for measuring thermal properties of materials, e.g. specific heat, heat of combustion, G01N)

17/

Calorimeters using transport of an indicating substance, e.g. evaporation calorimeters

17/

Calorimeters using compensation methods

17/

Measuring quantity of heat conveyed by flowing media, e.g. in heating systems (G01K 17/02, G01K 17/04 take precedence)

17/

based upon measurement of temperature difference

17/

between an inlet and an outlet point, combined with measurement of rate of flow of the medium

17/

Indicating product of flow and temperature difference directly

17/

using mechanical means for both measurements

17/

using electrical means for both measurements

17/

using electrical means for one measurement and mechanical means for the other

17/

across a radiating surface, combined with ascertainment of the heat-transmission coefficient

19/

Testing or calibrating calorimeters